Effective methodology for the study of HCI:
Gespeichert in:
Hauptverfasser: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam u.a.
North-Holland
1990
|
Schriftenreihe: | Human factors in information technology
5 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XVIII, 363 S. |
ISBN: | 0444884475 |
Internformat
MARC
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Effective methodology for the study of HCI |c Jurek Kirakowski and Mary Corbett |
264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam u.a. |b North-Holland |c 1990 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text |
Table of Contents
Part 1: The Problem of Methodology 1
Overview 3
Chapter 1: What is Effective Methodology? 5
Chapter Summary 7
1.0 Introduction 9
1.1 The scope of the problem 9
1.2 Conceptualisation of the Human Computer Interface 14
1.2.1 The user as a program approach 15
1.2.2 The front end approach 16
1.2.3 The layered model approach 19
1.2.4 Towards a characterisation of the user interface 21
1.2.5 Why evaluate with users? 22
1.3 An informed choice of methods 24
1.3.1 Determining what is to be compared 26
1.3.2 Selecting the evaluation procedure 28
1.3.3 Allocating subjects to conditions in a study 29
1.3.4 The dependent variable 30
1.4 Evaluating the results 33
1.5 Conclusions so far 34
Important Concepts 36
Part 2: Conceptualising the Interface 37
Overview 39
Chapter 2: Studying the User 41
Chapter Summary 43
2.0 Introduction 46
2.1 Components of categorisation 46
2.2 Categorisation in HCI 47
2.2.1 Review of user typologies 49
xii Table of Contents
2.2.2 Synthesis of traditional typologies 53
2.2.3 User typologies and development 55
2.2.3.1 The incremental model 56
2.2.3.2 The stage model 56
2.2.3.3 The convenience model 57
2.2.4 Consequences 58
2.3 The impact of motivation 62
2.3.1 Motivation theories 63
2.3.2 Maslow's hierarchy of motives 64
2.3.3 Bandura's self efficacy theory 65
2.3.1.5 Herzberg's motivation hygiene theory 67
2.3.1.7 Vroom's expectancy theory 68
2.3.2 Integrating motivation theories 69
2.3.4 General motivation theories 71
2.4 Relevant cognitive dimensions 72
2.4.1 Reasoning strategies 72
2.4.1.1 Learning with an interface 72
2.4.1.2 Interface style requirement 73
2.4.2 Motivational and attitudinal factors 74
2.4.3 Psychometric tools 75
2.4.3.1 Attitude scales 75
2.4.3.2 Locus of control 76
2.4.3.3 Other personality measures 77
2.4.3.4 Cognitive measures 78
2.4.3.5 Aptitude tests 78
2.5 Conclusions 80
Important Concepts 81
Chapter 3: User to Interface 83
Chapter Summary 85
3.0 Introduction 89
3.1 Systems independent user modelling 89
Table of Contents xiii
3.2 A perceptual analysis of the interface 90
3.2.1 In favour of Gibson 90
3.2.2 Gibson's approach and the user interface 91
3.3 Dimensions of operability in interface design 93
3.3.1 Operability characteristics 93
3.3.1.1 Visibility 94
3.3.1.2 Manipulability 94
3.3.1.3 Natural language interfaces 95
3.3.1.4 Wordiness 97
3.3.2 Flexible interfaces 98
3.3.2.1 Users learn 98
3.3.2.2 Users differ 99
3.3.2.3 Users reflect on their knowledge 100
3.3.2.4 Properties of flexible interfaces 100
3.3.3 Adaptive and adaptable interfaces 101
3.4 The need for a notation 102
3.4.1 Notating for adaptability 103
3.5 Approaches to notation 104
3.5.1 Networks as notations 105
3.5.2 Grammars as notation 108
3.5.3 Production systems as notations 113
3.6 Conclusions 118
Important Concepts 121
Part 3: Informed Choices 123
Overview 125
Chapter 4: Structural Framework 127
Chapter Summary 129
4.0 Introduction 134
4.1 Humans adapt spontaneously 134
4.2 Observation as method 137
4.3 Defining the observational method 141
xiv Table of Contents
4.4 Limiting the amount of information to be collected . 142
4.4.1 Objective record 142
4.4.1.1 Time scores 143
4.4.1.2 Correctness and error scores 143
4.4.1.3 Help data 143
4.4.1.4 Key stroke logs 144
4.4.1.5 Physiologically based records 144
4.4.2 Subjects' observations about themselves 145
4.4.2.1 Concurrent verbalisations 145
4.4.2.2 Retrospective verbalisations 147
4.4.2.3 Role play methods 149
4.4.3 Observer's record 150
4.5 Stability and replicability 151
4.5.1 Classification of errors 152
4.6 Observation sessions must be planned 154
4.7 Objectivity of observation and analysis 155
4.7.1 Describing appropriate units 156
4.7.2 Categorising units unambiguously 158
4.7.2.1 Verbal systems 158
4.7.2.2 Nominal systems 160
4.7.2.3 Distinctive feature systems 160
4.7.2.4 Category systems 161
4.7.2.5 Dimensional systems 161
4.7.2.6 Structural systems 163
4.8 Conclusions 164
Important Concepts 166
Chapter 5: Towards an Informed Choice of Method 167
Chapter Summary 169
5.0 Introduction 173
5.1 Determining what is to be measured (hypothesis gener¬
ation) 173
5.2 Selecting the evaluation procedure 175
Table of Contents xv
5.2.1 Naturalistic approach 175
5.2.2 Quasi naturalistic approach 176
5.2.3 Experimental approach 178
5.3 Allocating subjects to conditions in a study 179
5.3.1 Independent subjects, latin squares 180
5.3.2 Repeated measures 182
5.3.3 Mixed designs 183
5.3.4 Developmental designs and the notion of 'profile' . 183
5.3.5 Choosing the design 186
5.4 The dependent variable 186
5.4.1 Counting events 187
5.4.2 Time measures 189
5.4.3 Questionnaires and rating scale measures 191
5.4.4 Verbal protocols and video measures 191
5.4.4.1 Solitary subject 193
5.4.4.2 Post mortem technique 194
5.4.4.3 With the experimenter, prompting for speech . 194
5.4.4.4 Yoked paradigm 195
5.4.4.5 Active probing 196
5.4.5 Selecting the dependent variables 197
5.5 Conclusions 198
Important Concepts 199
Part 4: Techniques for HCI Research 201
Overview 203
Chapter 6: The Questionnaire 205
Chapter Summary 207
6.0 Introduction 211
6.1 The basic lifecycle of a questionnaire 211
6.1.1 Forming the survey 211
6.1.2 Item sampling 212
6.1.3 Pilot trials 213
xv» Table of Contents
6.1.4 Production version 214
6.1.5 The next version 214
6.1.6 A suggestion for version control standards 215
6.2 Sampling 215
6.3 Questionnaire development 221
6.3.1 Ethics of questionnaire research 223
6.3.2 The wording of questions 224
6.3.3 Survey questionnaires 225
6.3.4 Attitude questionnaires 228
6.3.4.1 Thurstone scaling 229
6.3.4.2 Guttman scaling 230
6.3.4.3 Lickert scaling 232
6.3.4.4 Response set, lie scales, and acquiescence 237
6.3.5 Semantic differential 238
6.3.6 Prompted diaries 241
6.4 Conclusions 243
Important Concepts 244
Chapter 7: Content Analysis 245
Chapter Summary 247
7.0 Introduction 250
7.1 History of content analysis 251
7.2 Components of content analysis 257
7.2.1 The HCI framework for content analysis 259
7.2.2 Formulating the research questions 260
7.2.3 Data generation 262
7.2.3.1 Unitisation 263
7.2.3.2 Sampling 265
7.2.3.3 Recording (Instrumentation) 266
7.2.3.4 Data reduction 268
7.2.4 Inference 269
7.2.5 Analysis 270
Table of Contents xvii
7.3 Conclusions 271
Important Concepts 273
Chapter 8: Analysing the Data 275
Chapter Summary 277
8.0 Introduction 281
8.1 Data sets in HCI studies 281
8.1.1 Implications of small samples for analysis 282
8.1.2 Unknown population parameters 284
8.2 Getting a feel for the data 285
8.2.1 Overviews of data sets 286
8.2.2 Summary points in the data set 288
8.2.2.1 The central tendency 288
8.2.2.2 The spread 289
8.3 The smoothing of data 292
8.3.1 The smoothing of univariate data sets 292
8.3.2 Bivariate relationships 294
8.3.3 Multivariate relationships 296
8.3.3.1 Similarity or dissimilarity measure employed 298
8.3.3.2 Description of clustering methods employed 299
8.3.3.3 Computer program(s) used 299
8.3.3.4 Procedures used for determining clusters 300
8.3.3.5 Validity of solution 300
8.4 Problems in experimental design for HCI 301
8.5 Non parametric inferential statistics 305
8.6 Concluding remarks on statistical analysis in HCI . 307
Important Concepts 309
Part 5: Empirical HCI 311
Overview 313
Chapter 9: The Way Forward 315
Chapter Summary 317
9.0 Introduction 320
xviii Table of Contents
9.1 What the well equipped laboratory should have 321
9.1.1 Raw materials 322
9.1.2 Recording facilities 322
9.1.3 Console log equipment 324
9.1.4 Retrospective reports 325
9.1.5 Statistical tools 326
9.2 Methodology in HCI: hope for the future? 327
Important Concepts 330
References 333
Index of Names 351
Subject Index 359 |
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Kirakowski, Jurek Corbett, Mary |
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dewey-search | 004/.01/9 |
dewey-sort | 14 11 19 |
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discipline | Informatik Psychologie |
format | Book |
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language | English |
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spelling | Kirakowski, Jurek Verfasser (DE-588)1155943783 aut Effective methodology for the study of HCI Jurek Kirakowski and Mary Corbett Amsterdam u.a. North-Holland 1990 XVIII, 363 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Human factors in information technology 5 Attitude to Computers Human-computer interaction User-Computer Interface Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd rswk-swf Evaluation (DE-588)4071034-8 gnd rswk-swf Computer (DE-588)4070083-5 gnd rswk-swf Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd rswk-swf Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation (DE-588)4125909-9 gnd rswk-swf Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 s Computer (DE-588)4070083-5 s DE-604 Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation (DE-588)4125909-9 s Evaluation (DE-588)4071034-8 s Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 s Corbett, Mary Verfasser aut Human factors in information technology 5 (DE-604)BV002474833 5 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001599251&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Kirakowski, Jurek Corbett, Mary Effective methodology for the study of HCI Human factors in information technology Attitude to Computers Human-computer interaction User-Computer Interface Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd Evaluation (DE-588)4071034-8 gnd Computer (DE-588)4070083-5 gnd Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation (DE-588)4125909-9 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4139716-2 (DE-588)4071034-8 (DE-588)4070083-5 (DE-588)4038662-4 (DE-588)4125909-9 |
title | Effective methodology for the study of HCI |
title_auth | Effective methodology for the study of HCI |
title_exact_search | Effective methodology for the study of HCI |
title_full | Effective methodology for the study of HCI Jurek Kirakowski and Mary Corbett |
title_fullStr | Effective methodology for the study of HCI Jurek Kirakowski and Mary Corbett |
title_full_unstemmed | Effective methodology for the study of HCI Jurek Kirakowski and Mary Corbett |
title_short | Effective methodology for the study of HCI |
title_sort | effective methodology for the study of hci |
topic | Attitude to Computers Human-computer interaction User-Computer Interface Methodologie (DE-588)4139716-2 gnd Evaluation (DE-588)4071034-8 gnd Computer (DE-588)4070083-5 gnd Mensch-Maschine-System (DE-588)4038662-4 gnd Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation (DE-588)4125909-9 gnd |
topic_facet | Attitude to Computers Human-computer interaction User-Computer Interface Methodologie Evaluation Computer Mensch-Maschine-System Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001599251&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV002474833 |
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