The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G: a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington
United States Gov. Print. Off.
1988
|
| Schriftenreihe: | United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper
1398 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | IV, 60 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 2 Kt.-Beil. |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Roehler, Henry W. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G |b a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington |b United States Gov. Print. Off. |c 1988 | |
| 300 | |a IV, 60 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |e 2 Kt.-Beil. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper |v 1398 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | The Pintail Coal Bed and Barrier Bar G—
A Model for Coal of Barrier Bar-Lagoon Origin,
Upper Cretaceous Almond Formation,
Rock Springs Coal Field, Wyoming
By HENRY W ROEHLER
U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1398
Description of a paralic coal-forming
depositional environment from studies
of outcrops on the southeast flank of
the Rock Springs uplift
H/p-Zl ° l
Ei^entum:
Geol -Paiaont Insatu#
Frankfurt a, M y
UNITEDSTATESGOVERNMENTPRINTINGOFFICE,WASHINGTON:1988
CONTENTS
Page
Abstract 1
Introduction 1
Location and accessibility of the study area 1
Physiography 2
Field methods 2
Rock Springs coal field 2
Stratigraphy of the Almond Formation in southwest Wyoming
and adjacent areas 7
Nomenclature, lithology, and thickness 7
Outcrops of the Almond Formation in the Rock Springs
uplift 8
Paleoclimate and paleogeography 8
Paleontology and age 9
Evidence for barrier deposition based on previous inves
tigations 9
Causes for barrier formation 12
Paleoenvironments 12
Barrier-lagoon definition and classification 15
Tferminology used in the paper 15
Summary of barrier morphology and nomenclature 15
Description of barrier bar G and its lagoon 16
General characteristics 16
Cross sections constructed from measured sections 19
Evidence for barrier bar G progradation 19
Color changes in shoreface sandstones 19
Lithofacies at selected localities: 21
Locality A—Lower shoreface 21
Locality B—Ebb-tidal delta 21
Locality C—Dunes and upper shoreface 22
Locality D—Dunes and upper and middle shoreface 23
Locality E—Upper and middle shoreface and tidal
channel 25
Locality F—Tidal channel and middle shoreface 26
Page
Description—Continued
Lithofacies—Continued
Locality G—Recurved spit, tidal inlet, and flood-tidal
delta 29
Locality H—Tidal flat and flood-tidal delta 29
Locality I—Flood-tidal delta and lagoon 33
Locality J—Washover fan and lagoon 34
Sandstone petrology 34
Depositional history and paleogeography 36
Youth 36
Maturity 38
Old age 46
Abandonment 46
Marine transgression 46
Paleoecology 46
Classification of plant habitats 47
Evidence of reed swamp and forest swamp habitats 47
Holocene analog 50
Coal composition and rank 50
Proximate analyses of core samples 50
Ultimate analyses of core samples 50
Weathering of outcrop coal samples 53
Vitrinite reflectance 53
Trace element analyses 54
Coal development potential 54
Graphic sections and description of coal outcrops 54
Areal distribution of the coal as a result of the depositional
environment 54
Estimated coal resources 57
Mining methods and problems 57
Conclusions 57
References cited 58
ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATE 1 Measured sections and restored cross section of barrier bar G and the Pintail coal bed In pocket
2 Graphic sections of the Pintail co;il bed In pocket
Page
FIGURE 1 Index map showing the location of the study area 3
2 Geologic map of the Almond Formation in the study area showing the location of barrier and coal outcrops, measured
sections, and drill holes 4
3 Map showing localities A to J for which depositional environments and lithofacies are described in detail 5
4 Physiographic map showing relationships of Late Cretaceous coastlines 6
5 Restored cross section of Upper Cretaceous rocks in southwest Wyoming and northwest Colorado 8
6 Location map of the study area on the western shore of the Late Cretaceous epeiric sea 10
7 Paleogeographic map of part of the western shoreline of the epeiric sea showing the location of barrier bar G and
the Pintail coal bed 11
8 Location map and cross section of measured sections L to S of the Almond Formation on the east flank of the Rock
Springs uplift v 13
9 Measured section showing fossils, coal thicknesses, and depositional environments/at section Q in the Almond
Formation ^ 14
10 Aerial photograph of barrier bar G 15
11 Physiographic map showing nomenclature of mesotidal barrier islands, tidal inlets, and tidal creeks in plan view 17
Egentum: , 111
I 7
IV CONTENTS
Page
FIGURE 12 Cross section showing the morphology and lithofacies nomenclature of barrrier bars and associated rocks in the Almond
Formation 18
13 Restored cross section along the line of barrier-coal outcrops illustrating depositional environments and lithofacies 20
14 Columnar section at locality A (lower shoreface) 21
15 Photograph of a lower shoreface sandstone outcrop at locality A 21
16 Columnar section at locality B (ebb-tidal delta) 22
17 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions of sandstone beds in an ebb-tidal channel at locality B 22
18 Photograph of a possible channel margin linear bar at locality B 22
19 Photograph of a possible swash bar at locality B 23
20 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions of a possible swash bar at locality B 23
21 Columnar section at locality C (dunes and upper shoreface) 24
22 Photograph of barrier outcrops at locality C 24
23 Photograph of dune, forebeach, and surf sandstone lithofacies at locality C 24
24 Photograph of root casts and organic staining on the top of dune sandstone at locality C 25
25 Columnar section at locality D (durws and upper and middle shoreface) 25
26 Photograph of hematite replaced Ophiomorpha sp at locality D 26
27 Photograph of a beach profile at locality D 26
28 Photograph of the Pintail coal bed exposed in a trench dug at locality D 26
29 Columnar sections at locality E (upper and middle shoreface and tidal channel) 27
30 Photograph of interbedded sandstone, siltstone, and shale in a tidal channel at locality E 28
31 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions of sandstone beds in a tidal channel at locality E 28
32 Columnar section at locality F (tidal channel and middle shoreface) 28
33 Photograph of outcrops at locality F 29
34 Columnar section at locality G (recurved spit, tidal inlet, and flood-tidal delta) 30
35 Photograph of outcrops on the north side of Highway 430 at locality G 31
36 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions in a tidal inlet at locality G 31
37 Photograph of flood ramp or flood channel sandstones at locality G 31
38 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions of sandstone beds in a flood-tidal delta at locality G 31
39 Columnar section at locality H (tidal flat and flood-tidal delta) 32
40 Photograph of a sand wave in a flood-tidal delta of barrier bar G at locality H 32
41 Rose diagram showing sediment transport directions of sandstone beds in a flood-tidal delta at locality H 32
42-46 Photographs:
42 Outcrops at locality H 33
43 A tidal flat sequence at locality H 33
44 Skolithosl burrows at locality H 33
45 Diplocraterionl burrow at locality H 33
46 Crassostrea sp shells at locality H 33
47 Columnar section at locality I (flood-tidal delta and lagoon) 34
48 , Photograph of outcrops at locality 1 34
49 Columnar sections at locality J (wa shover fan and lagoon) 35
50 Photograph of parallel, tabular-bedded sandstone in a washover fan at locality J 36
51 Photomicrographs of sandstones composing barrier bar G and its lateral equivalents 37
52 Graph of grain sizes of selected sandstone samples from outcrops of barrier bar G and its lateral equivalents 40
53-57 Paleogeographic maps:
53 Barrier bar G and its lagoon in the stage of youth 41
54 Barrier bar G and its lagoon in the stage of maturity 42
55 Barrier bar G and its lagoon in the stage of old age 43
56 Barrier bar G and its lagoon at the time the barrier was abandoned 44
57 The study area following marine transgression 45
,* 58 Cross section showing forest swamp and reed swamp habitats envisioned for barrier bar G and its lagoon 47
59 Photograph of a fossil tree stump at the top of the Pintail coal bed at locality I 48
60 Diagram showing percentages of six palynomorph categories in the Pintail coal bed and in a carbonaceous shale parting 48
I 61 Photomicrographs of palynomorph;; from the Pintail coal bed at locality E 49
62 Maceral analyses of samples of the Pintail coal bed at locality D 50
63 Photomicrographs of macerals in the Pintail coal bed at locality D 51
64 Diagrammatic reconstruction of pari of barrier bar G showing the location of reed swamp and forest swamp habitats 52
65 Proximate analyses, in percent (as-n:ceived), of core samples of the Pintail coal bed from core holes MSR-10C and
MSR-14C 53
66 Ultimate analyses, in percent (as-received), of core samples of the Pintail coal bed from core holes MSR-10C and MSR-14C 53
67 Proximate analyses, in percent (as-received), of weathered outcrop channel samples of the Pintail coal bed and its
carbonaceous shale split at locality D 54
68 Average amounts of major, minor, and trace elements in the Pintail coal bed as compared with coal of all ranks in
the United States 55
69 Generalized isopachous map of the Pintail coal bed 56
70 Cross sections showing a model for a barrier-lagoonal, coal-forming environment 59
|
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| geographic | Rock Springs, Wyo. Region (DE-588)4442868-6 gnd Almond-Formation (DE-588)4418369-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Rock Springs, Wyo. Region Almond-Formation |
| id | DE-604.BV002420139 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:44:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-001570731 |
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| physical | IV, 60 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 2 Kt.-Beil. |
| publishDate | 1988 |
| publishDateSearch | 1988 |
| publishDateSort | 1988 |
| publisher | United States Gov. Print. Off. |
| record_format | marc |
| series | United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper |
| series2 | United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper |
| spelling | Roehler, Henry W. Verfasser aut The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift Washington United States Gov. Print. Off. 1988 IV, 60 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. 2 Kt.-Beil. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper 1398 Bergbaugebiet (DE-588)4144628-8 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd rswk-swf Rock Springs, Wyo. Region (DE-588)4442868-6 gnd rswk-swf Almond-Formation (DE-588)4418369-0 gnd rswk-swf Rock Springs, Wyo. Region (DE-588)4442868-6 g Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 s Bergbaugebiet (DE-588)4144628-8 s Almond-Formation (DE-588)4418369-0 g DE-604 United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper 1398 (DE-604)BV000005472 1398 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001570731&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Roehler, Henry W. The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift United States Geological Survey: Geological Survey professional paper Bergbaugebiet (DE-588)4144628-8 gnd Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4144628-8 (DE-588)4031646-4 (DE-588)4442868-6 (DE-588)4418369-0 |
| title | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_auth | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_exact_search | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_full | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_fullStr | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| title_short | The Pintail coal bed and barrier bar G |
| title_sort | the pintail coal bed and barrier bar g a model for coal of barrier bar lagoon origin upper cretaceous almond formation rock springs coal field wyoming description of a paralic coal forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the rock springs uplift |
| title_sub | a model for coal of barrier bar-lagoon origin, upper cretaceous almond formation, Rock Springs coal field, Wyoming ; description of a paralic coal-forming depositional environment from studies of outcrops on the southeast flank of the Rock Springs uplift |
| topic | Bergbaugebiet (DE-588)4144628-8 gnd Kohlenbergbau (DE-588)4031646-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bergbaugebiet Kohlenbergbau Rock Springs, Wyo. Region Almond-Formation |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001570731&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000005472 |
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