Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination: 2 Viability, dormancy, and environmental control
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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
1982
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XI, 375 S. zahlr. graph. Darst. |
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MARC
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| 035 | |a (OCoLC)27093115 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV002388189 | ||
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| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
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| 050 | 0 | |a QK661 | |
| 100 | 1 | |a Bewley, John D. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination |n 2 |p Viability, dormancy, and environmental control |c John D. Bewley ; Michael Black |
| 264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 1982 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 375 S. |b zahlr. graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Fisiologia vegetal |2 larpcal | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Germination | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Seeds |x Physiology | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Black, Michael |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |w (DE-604)BV002388187 |g 2 |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-001553590 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804116819482509312 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Chapter 1. Viability and Longevity............. 1
1.1 The Life-Span of Seeds.............. 1
1.1.1 The Oldest Seeds - from the Pharoah s Tomb to the
Incendiary Bomb................. 2
1.1.2 Life-Span of Seeds Buried in Soil.......... 3
1.2 Viability of Seeds in Storage............ 7
1.2.1 Recalcitrant Seeds................. 9
1.2.2 Orthodox Seeds.................. 11
1.2.3 The Basic Viability Equations........... 12
1.2.4 Improved Viability Equations............ 21
1.3 Microflora and Seed Deterioration......... 24
1.4 The Biochemical Basis of Deterioration....... 26
1.5 Respiration and the Production of ATP....... 27
1.5.1 Non-Viable Seeds and Embryos........... 27
1.5.2 Seed Populations with Reduced Viability and/or Vigour . 30
1.6 Protein and RNA Synthesis............ 34
1.7 Chromosome Aberrations and DNA Synthesis .... 39
1.7.1 Chromosome Damage and Repair.......... 41
1.8 Metabolism of Dry Seeds............. 43
1.9 Changes in Food Reserves............. 46
1.10 Free Fatty Acids and Interference with Metabolism . . 49
1.11 Membrane Changes and Leakage.......... 49
1.11.1 Leakage of Metabolites and Integrity of the Bounding
Membranes................... 49
1.11.2 The Nature and Cause of Membrane Damage .... 50
Some Works of General Interest.......... 55
References.................... 56
Chapter 2. Dormancy.................. 60
2.1 What is Dormancy?................ 60
2.1.1 Categories of Dormancy.............. 62
2.1.2 Biological Significance of Seed Dormancy...... 63
2.1.3 Dormancy in Cultivated Plants........... 65
2.1.4 Polymorphism and Heteroblasty.......... 66
2.2 Dormancy Mechanisms.............. 69
2.3 Embryo Dormancy................ 69
2.3.1 Control Mechanisms in Embryo Dormancy...... 71
VIII Contents
2.3.2 The Role of the Cotyledons............ 72
2.3.3 The Role of Inhibitors............... 73
2.3.4 Embryo Immaturity................ 75
2.4 Coat-imposed Dormancy.............. 77
2.4.1 Interference with Water Uptake........... 78
2.4.2 Interference with Gaseous Exchange......... 80
2.4.3 Inhibitors in the Coat............... 86
2.4.4 Prevention of the Escape of Inhibitors........ 89
2.4.5 The Coat as a Light Filter............. 90
2.4.6 Mechanical Restraint............... 91
2.5 Two Case Histories................ 94
2.5.1 Sinapis arvensis (Charlock)............. 94
2.5.2 Xanthium pennsylvanicum (Cocklebur)........ 96
2.6 Coat-imposed Dormancy - a Retrospective View . . .100
2.7 Relationships Between Coat-imposed and Embryo
Dormancy.................... 101
2.8 The Onset of Dormancy.............. 101
2.8.1 Timing..................... 102
2.8.2 Control..................... 105
2.8.3 The Genetic Factor................ 105
2.8.4 Environmental Factors.............. 106
2.8.5 Correlative Effects................ 112
2.8.6 Hormones.................... 113
2.8.7 Secondary or Induced Dormancy.......... 115
2.8.8 The Development of Hard Coats.......... 115
2.9 Endogenous Germination Inhibitors......... 116
2.9.1 Chemical Nature of Inhibitors........... 119
Some Works of General Interest.......... 120
References.................... 120
Chapter 3. The Release from Dormancy.......... 126
3.1 Light and Phytochrome.............. 126
3.2 The Phytochrome System............. 127
3.2.1 Spectral Sensitivity and Photoreversibility...... 129
3.2.2 Energies for Photoconversion........... 132
3.2.3 The Escape Time................. 133
3.2.4 Phytochrome Photoequilibria........... 134
3.2.5 Chemistry of Phytochrome............ 138
3.2.6 The Pathway of Phytochrome Photoconversion . . .139
3.2.7 The State of Phytochrome in Seeds......... 141
3.2.8 Seed Hydration and Sensitivity to Light....... 144
3.2.9 Reversion of Pfr in Darkness............ 146
3.2.10 Thermal Processes Connected with Phytochrome Action 148
3.2.11 Phytochrome Location and the Photosensitive Site . . 151
3.3 Phytochrome - an Overview............ 152
Contents IX
3.4 Blue Light Effects................154
3.5 Response Types.................156
3.6 Temperature and the Action of Light........158
3.6.1 Constant Temperature..............160
3.6.2 Temperature Alternations and Shifts........163
3.6.3 Chilling.....................168
3.7 Temperature and the Release from Dormancy . . . .169
3.8 Termination of Dormancy by Temperature Alternations
and Shifts....................170
3.9 Termination of Dormancy by Low Temperature . . .173
3.9.1 Response Types.................174
3.9.2 Temperature and Time Requirements........175
3.10 Termination of Dormancy by High Temperature . . .178
3.11 Loss of Dormancy in Dry Seeds - After-ripening . . . 179
3.11.1 Moisture Content................181
3.11.2 Temperature...................181
3.11.3 Oxygen.....................182
3.12 Finale - Replacements and Interactions.......183
3.13 Hard-coated Seeds................185
3.14 Removal of Dormancy by Chemicals........186
3.14.1 Growth Regulators................188
3.14.2 Gibberellins...................188
3.14.3 Cytokinins...................188
3.14.4 Ethylene....................189
3.14.5 Plant and Fungal Products............190
3.14.6 Respiratory Inhibitors..............191
3.14.7 Oxidants....................191
3.14.8 Nitrogenous Compounds.............191
3.14.9 Sulfhydryl Compounds..............192
3.14.10 Various Other Chemicals Including Anaesthetics . . . 192
Some Works of General Interest..........193
References...................193
Chapter 4. The Control of Dormancy............199
4.1 Introduction...................199
4.2 Dormancy - Events and Causes...........200
4.2.1 Metabolism of Dormant and After-ripened Seeds . . . 200
4.2.2 Dormancy and Maturation.............204
4.2.3 Chemical Inhibition................204
4.2.4 Membrane Properties and Dormancy........207
4.3 Primary Events in the Release of Dormancy.....212
4.3.1 Phytochrome Action...............212
4.3.2 Chilling Action..................214
4.3.3 Alternating Temperatures and After-ripening.....217
4.4 Secondary Events in the Release from Dormancy -
Physiological Considerations............217
X Contents
4.4.1 Hormones and Dormancy.............218
4.4.2 Hormones and Light-terminated Dormancy.....219
4.4.3 Hormones and the Low-temperature Release from
Dormancy....................223
4.4.4 Ethylene and Dormancy..............231
4.4.5 Water Relations and Growth Potentials.......233
4.5 Secondary Events in the Release from Dormancy -
Metabolic Considerations.............237
4.5.1 Perpetuated Misinterpretations of Studies
on Dormancybreaking Mechanisms......... 238
4.5.2 Hormonal Effects on Nucleic Acid and Protein Synthesis 238
4.5.3 Fusicoccin and Cell Elongation........... 243
4.5.4 Hormonal Effects on Respiration.......... 243
4.5.5 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway - a Role in Dormancy
Breaking?.................... 244
4.5.6 Phytochrome-induced Changes in Metabolism .... 255
4.5.7 Low temperature-induced Changes in Metabolism . . . 258
Some Works of General Interest.......... 264
References.................... 264
Chapter 5. Perspective on Dormancy............270
References....................275
Chapter 6. Environmental Control of Germination...... 276
6.1 Introduction...................276
6.2 Light......................276
6.2.1 Light-inhibited Seeds...............277
6.2.2 Dual Effects of Light...............281
6.3 Spectral Effects in Photoinhibition.........282
6.3.1 Short-Duration and Intermittent Far-Red Light . . . . 282
6.3.2 Prolonged or High-Irradiance Far-Red Light..... 283
6.3.3 Inhibition by Prolonged Blue Light......... 288
6.3.4 Suppression of Germination by White Light -
A Re-Examination................ 290
6.4 Light and Seed Burial............... 291
6.5 Shade and Seed Germination............ 294
6.6 Temperature................... 297
6.6.1 Temperature Minima, Optima and Maxima.....297
6.6.2 Temperature and Germination Rate.........300
6.6.3 The Action of Temperature............302
6.6.4 Temperature and Germination Ecology.......304
6.6.5 Geographical Adaptation and Plant Distribution . . . 305
6.6.6 Chilling Injury..................306
Contents XI
6.6.7 Alternating Temperatures.............307
6.7 Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide............307
6.8 Secondary Dormancy...............308
6.8.1 Mechanism of Secondary Dormancy.........311
6.8.2 Secondary Dormancy in Nature...........312
6.9 Water Stress...................313
6.9.1 Drought During Seed Development and Maturation . . 313
6.9.2 Germination Under Stress.............315
6.9.3 Dehydration and Rehydration Following Imbibition -
Effects on Germination..............317
6.9.4 Dehydration and Rehydration Following Imbibition -
Effects on Growth, Yield and Tolerance: Drought-
Hardening ....................318
6.9.5 Osmotic Pretreatment - the Priming of Seeds.....320
6.9.6 Salinity Stress..................323
6.9.7 Cellular Changes Associated with
Dehydration-Rehydration Treatments........326
6.9.8 Changes to Membranes Induced
by Desiccation-Rehydration Treatments....... 326
6.9.9 Desiccation-Induced Changes to Metabolism and
Structure.................... 330
Some Works of General Interest.......... 333
References.................... 334
Glossary and Index of English and Botanical Names.....341
Author Index......................349
Subject Index......................359
|
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| physical | XI, 375 S. zahlr. graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Bewley, John D. Verfasser aut Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination 2 Viability, dormancy, and environmental control John D. Bewley ; Michael Black Berlin [u.a.] Springer 1982 XI, 375 S. zahlr. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Fisiologia vegetal larpcal Germination Seeds Physiology Black, Michael Verfasser aut (DE-604)BV002388187 2 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001553590&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bewley, John D. Black, Michael Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination Fisiologia vegetal larpcal Germination Seeds Physiology |
| title | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination |
| title_auth | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination |
| title_exact_search | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination |
| title_full | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination 2 Viability, dormancy, and environmental control John D. Bewley ; Michael Black |
| title_fullStr | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination 2 Viability, dormancy, and environmental control John D. Bewley ; Michael Black |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination 2 Viability, dormancy, and environmental control John D. Bewley ; Michael Black |
| title_short | Physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination |
| title_sort | physiology and biochemistry of seeds in relation to germination viability dormancy and environmental control |
| topic | Fisiologia vegetal larpcal Germination Seeds Physiology |
| topic_facet | Fisiologia vegetal Germination Seeds Physiology |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=001553590&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV002388187 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bewleyjohnd physiologyandbiochemistryofseedsinrelationtogermination2 AT blackmichael physiologyandbiochemistryofseedsinrelationtogermination2 |