The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin
Akad.-Verl.
1987
|
Schriftenreihe: | Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik
8. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | 120 S. |
ISBN: | 3055002342 3055002423 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV000834371 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20220302 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 881114s1987 |||| 00||| eng d | ||
020 | |a 3055002342 |9 3-05-500234-2 | ||
020 | |a 3055002423 |9 3-05-500242-3 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)26162948 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV000834371 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-384 |a DE-20 |a DE-634 |a DE-11 |a DE-188 | ||
050 | 0 | |a QC702 | |
084 | |a UR 5000 |0 (DE-625)146626: |2 rvk | ||
084 | |a UR 6000 |0 (DE-625)146639: |2 rvk | ||
100 | 1 | |a Neumann, Werner |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
264 | 1 | |a Berlin |b Akad.-Verl. |c 1987 | |
300 | |a 120 S. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 1 | |a Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik |v 8. | |
650 | 4 | |a Cathodes | |
650 | 4 | |a Cathodic protection | |
650 | 4 | |a Electric discharges through gases | |
650 | 4 | |a Thermionic emission | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Kathode |0 (DE-588)4163451-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Glühkathode |0 (DE-588)4192629-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Thermische Elektronenemission |0 (DE-588)4185126-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Thermische Elektronenemission |0 (DE-588)4185126-2 |D s |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Kathode |0 (DE-588)4163451-2 |D s |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 1 | 0 | |a Glühkathode |0 (DE-588)4192629-8 |D s |
689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
830 | 0 | |a Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik |v 8. |w (DE-604)BV023697568 |9 8. | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m GBV Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000524006&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-000524006 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804115288728272897 |
---|---|
adam_text | IMAGE 1
THE MECHANISM
OF THE THERMOENIITTING ARE CATHODE
BY WERNER NEUMANN
WITH 31 FIGURES AND 6 TABLES
AKADEMIE-VERLAG BERLIN
1987
IMAGE 2
CONTENTS
LIST OF SYMBOLS 10
INTRODUETION 15
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE SELF-SUSTAINED THERMOEMITTING ARE CATHODE 17
BASIC PROCESSES AND LOEAL POWER BALANCE» IN THE CATHODE REGION 19
ELECTRON EMISSION 19
P U RE THERMAL ELECTRON EMISSION 19
FIELD-ENHANCED THERMOELECTRON EMISSION 22
INFLUENCE OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON FIELD-ENHANCED THERMOELECTRON EMISSION
. .. 23
INFLUENEE OF MICROFIELD M U C T U A T I ON ON FIELD-ENHANCED
THERMOELECTRON EMISSION . 23 SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION (; -EMISSION)
25
CURRENT TRANSPORT AND POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION IN T HE SPACE-CHARGE ZONE
27
SIMPLIFIED MODEL OF T HE SPACE-CHARGE ZONE 27
IMPROVED MODEL OF T HE SPACE-CHARGE ZONE; INFLUENCE OF T HE REVERSE
ELECTRON CURRENT ON T HE POTENTIAL DISTRIBUTION 28
POWER BALANCE IN T HE IONIZATION ZONE 33
CASE A: J TT G; JX 33
CASE B: J ET ; , , 34
GENERAL CASE: J ET = ? -, 34
LOCAL POWER BALANCE AT T HE CATHODE SURFACE * . 34
FORMULATION OF THE COMPLEX SYSTEM OF BALANCE EQUATIONS FOR A CATHODE
WITH TF-EMISSION, AND GENERA! SOLUTION SCHEINE 38
THE COMPLEX SYSTEM OF BALANCE EQUATIONS 38
GENERAL SOLUTION SCHEME FOR T HE CATHODE BALANCE EQUATIONS 42
SPECIAL MODEL SOLUTIONS FOR THE CATHODE BALANCE EQUATIONS 44
SOLUTIONS OF T HE BALANCE EQUATIONS ON T HE BASIS OF SIMPLIFIED CATHODE
MODELS . . 44
OVERSIMPLIFIED MODEL OF T HE CATHODE SPOT FIXED ON A SEMIINFINITE
CATHODE BODY. PRESENTATION OF T HE INCOMPLETE SYSTEM OF BALANCE
EQUATIONS 44
DERIVATION OF CATHODE SPOT D A TA IN T HE F R A ME OF THE OVERSIMPLIFIED
CATHODE MODEL BY MAKING USE OF STEENBECK S MINIMUM PRINCIPLE FOR
COMPLETING THE SYSTEM OF BALANCE EQUATIONS 45
DERIVATION OF CATHODE SPOT DATA IN T HE F R A ME OF T HE OVERSIMPLIFIED
CATHODE SPOT MODEL BY MAKING USE OF THE MATCHING CONDITIONS FOR T HE
TEMPERATURE GRADIENT AT THE CATHODE SPOT EDGE FOR COMPLETING T HE SYSTEM
OF BALANCE EQUATIONS 49
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS OBTAINED WITH THE OVERSIMPLIFIED CATHODE SPOT
MODEL . .. 50
EXTENSION OF T HE OVERSIMPLIFIED CATHODE SPOT MODEL TO A ROD-SHAPED
CATHODE BODY OF FINITE L E N G T H; INDICATION FOR T HE EXISTENCE OF A
SPOTLESS CATHODE MODE . . .. 53
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS
EXTENSION OF THE OVERSIMPLIFIED CATHODE SPOT MODEL TO A RADIATION-COOLED
LONG CATHODE CYLINDER 56
EXTENSION OF T HE OVERSIMPLIFIED CATHODE SPOT MODEL TO A
RADIATION-COOLED SPHERICAL CATHODE BODY 57
SIMPLE MODEL OF T HE SPOTLESS CATHODE MODE 58
SPECIAL SOLUTIONS OF T HE BALANCE EQUATIONS FOR A THERMOEMITTING ARE
CATHODE ON T HE BASIS OF REFINED CATHODE MODELS 59
THE CASE OF ARBITRARY CATHODE GEOMETRY 60
THE CASE OF A LONG THIN CATHODE CYLINDER, AND T HE CASE OF T HE
THIN-WALLED HOLLOW CATHODE CYLINDER 61
CALCULATION OF CATHODE SPOT D A TA ON THE BASIS OF SEMIEMPIRICAL CATHODE
MODELS . . 62 CATHODE BEHAVIOUR IN T HE CASE OF ALTERNATING CURRENT ARES
63
DEPARTURES FROM IDEALIZED THERMOCATHODE BEHAVIOUR 67
NONUNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRON EMISSION PROPERTIES ON THE CATHODE
SURFACE . 67 APPEARANCE OF MULTIPLE CATHODE SPOTS 68
CATHODE EROSION 68
CATHODE CONSUMPTION DUE TO EVAPORATION 68
THERMAL ETCHING AS RESULT OF CURRENT MODULATION AND RELATED PHENOMENA .
.. 73
EXHAUSTION OF E M I T T ER SUBSTANCE WITH SUBSEQUENT OVERHEATING 75
CHEMICAL T R A N S P O RT OF CATHODE SUBSTANCE 75
INFLUENCE OF THE DISCHARGE MEDIUM ON T HE WORK FUNCTION 77
MODIFICATION OF T HE WORK FUNCTION DUE TO SURFACE ADSORPTION 77
MODIFICATION OF T HE WORK FUNCTION DUE TO P E N E T R A T I ON OF T HE
DISCHARGE MEDIUM INTO T HE CATHODE BODY 79
LOWERING OF T HE WORK FUNCTION DUE TO DIELECTRIC INTERACTION WITH T HE
DISCHARGE MEDIUM (PRESSURE-ENHANCED THERMOELECTRON EMISSION) 80
CONTAMINATION OF T HE DISCHARGE MEDIUM IN F R O NT OF T HE CATHODE BY
CATHODE VAPOUR 80 DECOMPOSITION OF T HE DISCHARGE MEDIUM IN F R O NT OF
T HE CATHODE DUE TO CATAPHORESIS 81
SPECIAL PHENOMENA RELATING TO THE THERMOEMITTING ARE CATHODE 82
TRANSITION FROM T HE CATHODE SPOT MODE TO T HE SPOTLESS CATHODE MODE . .
. . .. 82
THE DISCONTINUOUS CHARACTER OF T HE TRANSITION. EXISTENCE OF A CRITICAL
CURRENT INTEN-SITY, AND TEMPORAL BEHAVIOUR OF T HE TRANSITION 82
DEPENDENCE OF T HE CRITICAL CURRENT I N T E N S I TY ON T HE DESIGN P A
R A M E T ER 83
THE REVERSE TRANSITION FROM T HE SPOTLESS CATHODE MODE TO T HE CATHODE
SPOT MODE. VARIATION OF T HE CRITICAL CURRENT I N T E N S I TY AS RESULT
OF CHANGING SURFACE CONDITIONS 86 THE CATHODE PLASMA J ET 86
T HE CATHODIC PLASMA SPHERE 87
TRANSITION BETWEEN THE THERMOCATHODE MODE (T-MODE) AND ALTERNATIVE MODES
OF SELF-SUSTAINED CATHODE OPERATION 88
CHARACTERIZATION OF T HE GLOW MODE (G-MODE) OF CATHODE OPERATION 88
CHARACTERIZATION OF T HE VAPOUR MODE (V-MODE) OF CATHODE OPERATION 89
TRANSITION BETWEEN THE INDIVIDUAL ELECTRON EMISSION MODES IN T HE CASE
OF REFRACTORY CATHODES 92
TRANSITION BETWEEN THE T- AND T HE V-MODE DUE TO VARIATION OF PRESSURE
OR CURRENT INTENSITY 92
TRANSITION BETWEEN THE T- AND T HE G-MODE DUE TO VARIATION OF CURRENT
INTENSITY . 9.3
CATHODE MODE TRANSITION IN T HE STARTING PHASE OF A SELF-SUSTAINED GAS
DISCHARGE . 93
THE INITIAL CATHODE MODE IN DEPENDENCE ON T HE EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS .
. .. 93
CATHODE MODE TRANSITION WHEN T HE INITIAL MODE IS T HE G-MODE 94
TRANSITION FROM T HE V-MODC TO THE FINAL T-MODE 95
IMAGE 4
CONTENTS
! )
!). EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF CATHODE DATA 96
9 . 1. DETERMINATION OF THE CATHODE DROP VOLTAGE 96
9.1.1. P O T E N T I AL PROBE METHOD 96
9.1.2. DETERMINATION OF THE CATHODE DROP FROM ARE VOLTAGE-ARC LCNGTH
CHARACTERISTICS . 98
9.1.3. CALORIMETRIC METHODS 99
9.2. DETERMINATION OF T HE LOEAL CATHODE T E M P E R A T U RE 102
9.2.1. OPTICA! METHODS 102
9.2.2. THERMOCOUPLE MEASUREMENTS 104
9.3. DETERMINATION OF CURRENT DENSITY IN F R O NT OF T HE CATHODE 105
9.3.1. DETERMINATION OF T HE CATHODE CURRENT DENSITY FROM T HE VISIBLE
RADIUS OF THE
CATHODE ROOT 105
9.3.2. DETERMINATION OF T HE CATHODE CURRENT DENSITY FROM T (. AND UC
105
9.3.3. DETERMINATION OF T HE CATHODE CURRENT DENSITY J C FROM THE RADIAL
DISTRIBUTION OF
PLASMA TEMPERATURE TJR) IN F R O NT OF T HE CATHODE 107
9.4. DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE IN F R O NT OF T HE CATHODE 107
9.5. DETERMINATION OF CATHODE MATERIAL PROPERTIES 108
9.5.1. DETERMINATION OF ELECTRON EMISSION CONSTANTS (AR, T ) USING
CONVENTIONAL METHODS 108 9.5.2. IN-SITU DETERMINATION OF ELECTRON
EMISSION CONSTANTS 108
9.5.3. DETERMINATION OF T HE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY X AND ELECTRICAL
RESISTIVITY P OF THE
CATHODE MATERIAL FROM ARE EXPERIMENTS 110
10. REFERENEES 111
1 1. SUBJEET INDEX 119
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Neumann, Werner |
author_facet | Neumann, Werner |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Neumann, Werner |
author_variant | w n wn |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV000834371 |
callnumber-first | Q - Science |
callnumber-label | QC702 |
callnumber-raw | QC702 |
callnumber-search | QC702 |
callnumber-sort | QC 3702 |
callnumber-subject | QC - Physics |
classification_rvk | UR 5000 UR 6000 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)26162948 (DE-599)BVBBV000834371 |
discipline | Physik |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01844nam a2200481 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV000834371</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220302 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">881114s1987 |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3055002342</subfield><subfield code="9">3-05-500234-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3055002423</subfield><subfield code="9">3-05-500242-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)26162948</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV000834371</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-384</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-634</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">QC702</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">UR 5000</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)146626:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">UR 6000</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)146639:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Neumann, Werner</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin</subfield><subfield code="b">Akad.-Verl.</subfield><subfield code="c">1987</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">120 S.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik</subfield><subfield code="v">8.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Cathodes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Cathodic protection</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Electric discharges through gases</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Thermionic emission</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Kathode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4163451-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Glühkathode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4192629-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Thermische Elektronenemission</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4185126-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Thermische Elektronenemission</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4185126-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Kathode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4163451-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Glühkathode</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4192629-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="830" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik</subfield><subfield code="v">8.</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV023697568</subfield><subfield code="9">8.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">GBV Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000524006&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-000524006</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
id | DE-604.BV000834371 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:20:14Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 3055002342 3055002423 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-000524006 |
oclc_num | 26162948 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-384 DE-20 DE-634 DE-11 DE-188 |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-384 DE-20 DE-634 DE-11 DE-188 |
physical | 120 S. |
publishDate | 1987 |
publishDateSearch | 1987 |
publishDateSort | 1987 |
publisher | Akad.-Verl. |
record_format | marc |
series | Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik |
series2 | Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik |
spelling | Neumann, Werner Verfasser aut The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode Berlin Akad.-Verl. 1987 120 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik 8. Cathodes Cathodic protection Electric discharges through gases Thermionic emission Kathode (DE-588)4163451-2 gnd rswk-swf Glühkathode (DE-588)4192629-8 gnd rswk-swf Thermische Elektronenemission (DE-588)4185126-2 gnd rswk-swf Thermische Elektronenemission (DE-588)4185126-2 s Kathode (DE-588)4163451-2 s DE-604 Glühkathode (DE-588)4192629-8 s Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik 8. (DE-604)BV023697568 8. GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000524006&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Neumann, Werner The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode Ergebnisse der Plasmaphysik und der Gaselektronik Cathodes Cathodic protection Electric discharges through gases Thermionic emission Kathode (DE-588)4163451-2 gnd Glühkathode (DE-588)4192629-8 gnd Thermische Elektronenemission (DE-588)4185126-2 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4163451-2 (DE-588)4192629-8 (DE-588)4185126-2 |
title | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_auth | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_exact_search | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_full | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_fullStr | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_full_unstemmed | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_short | The mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
title_sort | the mechanism of the thermoemitting arc cathode |
topic | Cathodes Cathodic protection Electric discharges through gases Thermionic emission Kathode (DE-588)4163451-2 gnd Glühkathode (DE-588)4192629-8 gnd Thermische Elektronenemission (DE-588)4185126-2 gnd |
topic_facet | Cathodes Cathodic protection Electric discharges through gases Thermionic emission Kathode Glühkathode Thermische Elektronenemission |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000524006&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV023697568 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT neumannwerner themechanismofthethermoemittingarccathode |