Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries: proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985
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| Format: | Tagungsbericht Buch |
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| Sprache: | English |
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New York
United Nations
1987
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| Schriftenreihe: | Natural resources
Water series ; 22 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 515 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9211042143 |
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MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries |b proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 |c Dep. of Technical Co-operation for Development |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b United Nations |c 1987 | |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Natural resources : Water series |v 22 | |
| 610 | 1 | 7 | |a Interregional Seminar on Non-conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries (1985 : Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles) |2 unbisn |
| 650 | 7 | |a ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a BERMUDA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a BOTSWANA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CAPE VERDE |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CARIBBEAN REGION |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CAYMAN ISLANDS |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CHINA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CONFERENCES |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CURACAO (NETHERLANDS ANTILLES) |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CYPRUS |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a DESALINATION |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a DOMINICA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a DRINKING WATER |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a ECONOMIC ASPECTS |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a EGYPT |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a ETHIOPIA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Eau salée - Dessalement - Pays en voie de développement |2 ram | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a INDONESIA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a JAMAICA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a KENYA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a MAPS |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a MARITIME TRANSPORT |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a MEDITERRANEAN REGION |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a MOROCCO |2 unbist | |
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| 650 | 7 | |a SOMALIA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a STATISTICAL DATA |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a THAILAND |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a WATER RESOURCES |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a WATER REUSE |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a WATER SUPPLY |2 unbist | |
| 650 | 7 | |a WEATHER MODIFICATION |2 unbist | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804115265787527168 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL CO-OPERATION FOR DEVELOPMENT
NATURAL RESOURCES/WATER SERIES NO, 22
NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES USE IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PROCEEDINGS
OF THE INTERREGIONAL SEMINAR WILLEMSTAD, CURACAO, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
22-28 APRIL 1985
IMAGE 2
CONTENTS
PAGE
FOREWORD I
EXPLANATORY NOTES II
CONVERSION FACTORS XIII
ABBREVIATIONS XIV
PART ONE
REPORT OF THE SEMINAR
CHAPTER
I. REPORT OF THE SEMINAR 3
II. CONCLUSIONS OF THE SEMINAR 5
A.
CONCLUSIONS OF WORKING GROUP 1: TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF DESALINATION 5
B. CONCLUSIONS OF WORKING GROUP 2: TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF NON-CONVENTIONAL
WATER RESOURCES OTHER THAN DESALINATION ... 7 C. CONCLUSIONS OF WORKING
GROUP 3; ECONOMIC AND INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER
RESOURCES » 11
ANNEXES
I. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 18
II. FINAL PROGRAMME 27
PART TWO
TECHNICAL BACKGROUND PAPERS
I. OVERVIEW OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES IN DEVELOPING
COUNTRIES, BY MARCIA BREWSTER 31
A. BROAD CONCLUSIONS OF THE STUDY 31
B. MARKETS FOR NON-CONVENTIONAL SOURCES 32
C. COMPARISON OF NON-CONVENTIONAL ALTERNATIVES 32
II. DESALINATION , 37
A. AN INTRODUCTION TO DESALINATION, BY O.K. BUROS 37
B.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN VAPOUR COMPRESSION DESALINATION, BY MARC LUCAS 54
C. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN REVERSE OSMOSIS, BY PAUL L, CULLER .... 60
D. DESALINATION WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, BY T.A. LAWAND ... 66
E.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ECONOMICS OF DESALINATION, BY JAMES D. BIRKETT
87 F. ASPECTS OF PROCESS SELECTION FOR DESALINATION, KEYNOTE ADDRESS
BY R.S. SILVER
104
APPENDIX. COMMENTS ON SEMINAR DISCUSSIONS 117
-III-
IMAGE 3
PAGE
III. TRANSPORTATION OF WATER BY TANKER 119
A. INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TRANSPORTATION OF WATER BY TANKER, BY TRYGVE
A. MEYER 119
B. MARITIME TRANSPORTATION OF FRESH WATER, BY J.W. HARGREAVES ... 136 C.
TRANSPORT OF DRINKING WATER IN SEGREGATED BALLAST TANKS, BY C. WIELENGA
148
APPENDIX. THE PURIFICATION PROCESS OF OIL-CONTAMINATED DRINKING WATER
153
IV. WASTE-WATER REUSE 160
A. OVERVIEW OF WATER REUSE FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, BY JON DE BOER 160
B. WASTE-WATER REUSE AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN WESTERN ASIA, BY C. ERTUNA
179
C. WASTE-WATER REUSE IN INDUSTRY, BY GEORGES PAUTHE 209
D. WASTE-WATER REUSE FOR IRRIGATION AND AQUACULTURE, BY SAUL ARLOSOROFF
214
E. HEALTH ASPECTS OF WASTE-WATER REUSE FOR IRRIGATION OF CROPS, BY FRED
M. REIFF 245
V. WEATHER MODIFICATION 260
A. CLOUD SEEDING - A SOURCE OF WATER?, BY L.RANDALL KOENIG ...... 260
APPENDIX. EXCERPTS FROM REVIEW OF THE PRESENT STATUS OF WEATHER
MODIFICATION 275
B. CONCEPTUAL EVALUATION OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC SEEDING MODES BASED
ON RECENT ANALYSES OF ISRAELI II AND FACE 2 EXPERIMENTS, BY A. GAGIN 280
VI.
RAIN-WATER HARVESTING: AN OVERVIEW, BY PETER HADWEN 307
A. HARVESTING METHODS 309
B. STORAGE TANKS 310
C. PUBLIC HEALTH AND MAINTENANCE 312
VII. OTHER RELATED TOPICS 314
A. CASE STUDY FOR CONTROL OF BORON POLLUTION, BY H. SAHIN CENGIZ. 314 B.
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY FOR WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT, BY P. DOUARD 317
C. DUAL WATER SYSTEMS IN THE UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS, BY HENRY H.
SMITH 321
PART THREE
COUNTRY AND REGIONAL PAPERS
I. EXPERIENCES WITH NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES 327
A. BERMUDA: APPLICATION OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES, BY E.N.
THOMAS 327
-IV-
IMAGE 4
PAGE
B. CAYMAN ISLANDS; COUNTRY SITUATION REPORT, BY R.G.B. BESWICK .. 338 C.
CHINA: THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES, BY
SONG XU-TONG 349
D. CYPRUS: DEVELOPMENT OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER SOURCES, BY SAVVAS A.
THEODOSIOU 354
E. ETHIOPIA: SOME NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCE TECHNOLOGIES, BY
ASEGED MAMMO 360
F. INDONESIA: THE USE OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES, BY BADRUDDIN
MAHBUB 371
G. TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS: BRIEF NOTES ON WATER SUPPLIES, BY K.F.
SPARKES 381
II. EXPERIENCES WITH DESALINATION 388
A. BAHRAIN: TRAINING OF STAFF FOR DESALINATION PLANTS, BY SALMAN A.R.
KHALAF 388
B. CAPE VERDE ISLANDS; EXPERIENCES WITH SEA-WATER DESALINATION, BY SONIA
MORAIS 402
C. CURASAO: DRINKING WATER SUPPLY, BY H.T.M. GOUVERNEUR 413
D. INDIA: OVERVIEW OF WATER DESALINATION RESEARCH FOR SUPPLYING WATER TO
SOME AREAS AFFECTED BY SALINITY, BY B.P.C. SINHA .. 418 E. MEXICO: WATER
DESALINATION EXPERIENCES, BY OSCAR PEREZ SILLER. 425 F. MOROCCO:
EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF DESALINATION FOR WATER
SUPPLY, BY HOUSSAIN ABOUZAID 430
G. SAUDI ARABIA: TWENTY YEARS OF DESALINATION, BY DAUD SOLAIMAN
KHUMAYYIS 433
H. SOMALI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC: SOLAR DESALINATION EXPERIENCE, BY A.I.
ADEN 436
III. EXPERIENCES WITH TRANSPORTATION OF WATER BY TANKER 441
A. ANTIGUA, BY S.A. BLACKMAN 441
B. DOMINICA: CARIBBEAN EXPERIENCES WITH TRANSPORTING WATER BY TANKER, BY
S.C. DE HAAN 445
C. MEDITERRANEAN AREA: EXPERIENCES WITH SHIPPING FRESH WATER, BY F.
BONIFACIO 451
IV. EXPERIENCES WITH RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS 455
A. CARIBBEAN ISLANDS: A REVIEW OF ROOF AND PURPOSE-BUILT CATCHMENTS, BY
PETER HADWEN 455
B. KENYA AND BOTSWANA: EXPERIENCE WITH RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS, BY
H.J. MCPHERSON AND J. GOULD 469
C. THAILAND: RAIN-WATER TANK PROJECT OF THE POPULATION AND COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION, BY PAIROJANA SORNJITTI .. 488 APPENDIX.
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR THAILAND S BAMBOO-REINFORCED CONCRETE
RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT TANK 499
V. EXPERIENCES WITH WATER REUSE AND WEATHER MODIFICATION ... 504
A. EGYPT: REUSE OF DRAINAGE WATER IN IRRIGATION, BY SAMIA EL-GINDY 504
B. JAMAICA: RAIN STIMULATION PROGRAMME FOR THE KINGSTON AND ST. ANDREW
WATER COMMISSION, 1975 TO 1977, BY N. GAUNTLETT 511
-V-
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PAGE
WATER RESOURCES: LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 513
LIST OF TABLES
1. COMPARISON OF NON-CONVENTIONAL WATER RESOURCES: TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC
AND POLITICAL CRITERIA 34
2. THE CAPACITY OF DESALINATION PLANTS SOLD OR INSTALLED DURING THREE
10-YEAR PERIODS FROM 1951 TO 1980 38
3. TENTATIVE COST OF WATER FOR AN MSF UNIT 56
4. TENTATIVE COST OF WATER FOR AN EJECTO-COMPRESSION UNIT 57
5.
TENTATIVE COST OF WATER FOR A MECHANICAL VAPOUR COMPRESSION UNIT... 58
6. FACTORS OF PRODUCTION NEEDED FOR DESALINATION PROCESS 66
7. COMPARISON OF EQUIVALENT ENERGY USAGE IN VARIOUS DESALINATION SYSTEMS
68
8. SOME OPERATING RENEWABLE ENERGY DESALINATION SYSTEMS 69
9. POWER AVAILABLE IN THE WIND 73
10. FRESH WATER REQUIREMENTS. 76
11. PROPOSED SOLERAS DESALINATION SYSTEMS 82
12. TYPICAL SEA WATER DESALTING PLANT COSTS, 3,800 M3/ 3 (1 MGD)
FACILITY 88
13. TYPICAL BRACKISH WATER DESALTING PLANT COSTS, 3,800 M3/D (1 MG 3)
FACILITY 88
14. GENERAL COST RANGES FOR DESALINATION 89
15. COSTS OF DESALINATION BY VAPOUR COMPRESSION 92
16. DESALTING PLANT CAPITAL COSTS 92
17. DESALTING PLANT ANNUAL COSTS. 94
18. TYPICAL PERCENTAGE CONTRIBUTION OF COST COMPONENTS TO TOTAL ANNUAL
COSTS OF DESALTING PLANTS 96
19. SEA WATER RO COSTS AS FUNCTION OF ELECTRICITY COSTS 97
20. FUEL CONSUMPTION IN SINGLE PURPOSE (WATER PRODUCTION ONLY)
DESALINATION PLANTS 98
21. EFFECT OF RECOVERY RATIO ON HIGH PRESSURE RO PUMPING ENERGY 99
22. EFFECT OF RECOVERY RATIO ON FEED-WATER PUMPING COSTS 100
-VI-
IMAGE 6
PAGE
PRIVATIZATION AS AN OPTION FOR PLANT OWNERSHIP AND OPERATION 101
SHUTTLE SERVICE TRANSPORTATION COSTS * 129
EUROPEAN QUALITY STANDARDS FOR SURFACE WATERS FOR USE AS DRINKING WATER
139
PROPOSED STANDARDS FOR FRESH WATER IMPORTED INTO AN ARID COUNTRY FOR
IRRIGATION, AFTER TREATMENT 141
SUMMARY OF WATER REUSE IN THE UNITED STATES
161
TYPICAL MUNICIPAL WASTE-WATER CHARACTERISTICS 163
TYPICAL AQUACULTURE TREATMENT EFFICIENCY
166
LEVELS OF TREATMENT FOR VARIOUS BENEFICIAL USES 176
TREATMENT PROCESS COSTS 177
TREATMENT PROCESSES SUGGESTED BY WHO TO MEET THE GIVEN HEALTH CRITERIA
IN WASTE-WATER REUSE 184
CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR OPERATIONAL AND PLANNED MUNICIPAL SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANTS IN THE ESCWA REGION 187
COST BREAKDOWN FOR THE 200,000 M3/D WASTE-WATER TREATMENT PLANT PLANNED
FOR DUBAI MUNICIPALITY 197
FRESH WATER PRODUCTION FROM GROUND WATER AND BY DESALINATION OF SEA
WATER IN QATAR AND KUWAIT 198
PROJECTIONS OF FRESH WATER PRODUCTION FROM GROUND WATER AND BY
DESALINATION AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 199
COMPARISON OF UNIT COSTS OF TREATED MUNICIPAL SEWAGE EFFLUENTS AND
DESALINATED WATER 201
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE BIOLOGICAL TYPES OF
EXCRETED PATHOGEN 247
SURVIVAL OF ORGANISMS IN FAECES AND NIGHTSOIL
251
SURVIVAL OF PATHOGENS IN SOIL 252
SURVIVAL OF PATHOGENS ON CROPS.
252
REMOVAL OF BACTERIA IN WASTE-WATER TREATMENT
255
REMOVAL OF VIRUSES IN WASTE-WATER TREATMENT 256
REMOVAL OF CYSTS AND OVA IN WASTE-WATER TREATMENT 257
-VII-
IMAGE 7
PAGE
45. EXAMPLES OF BENEFIT TO COST RATIOS FOR A VARIETY OF POSSIBLE
CONDITIONS 270
46. OVER-ALL MEAN DAILY RAINFALL PARAMETERS FOR THE CONTROL AND LAKE
KINNERET CATCHMENT AREAS 286
47. DOUBLE RATIOS, STANDARD ERRORS AND RANDOMIZATION SIGNIFICANCES
PERTAINING TO RAIN PARAMETERS OF THE LAKE KINNERET CATCHMENT AND CONTROL
AREAS 288
48. RESULTS OF SEEDING ON THE DAILY DURATION OF RAINFALL IN THE LAKE
KINNERET CATCHMENT AND CONTROL AREAS 290
49. EFFECT OF STATIC MODE SEEDING ON THE DAILY NUMBER OF RAIN PERIODS
IN THE LAKE KINNERET AND CONTROL AREAS 292
50. ESTIMATED EFFECT OF SEEDING ON RAIN INTENSITY IN LAKE KINNERET AND
CONTROL AREAS 293
51. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MAXIMUM DEPTH AND OTHER PROPERTIES OF
CONVECTIVE CELLS ON SAND-TREATED AND AGL-TREATED DAYS 301
52. MEANS, SINGLE RATIOS AND DOUBLE RATIOS FOR THE VARIOUS CELL
PROPERTIES ON 18 B DAYS OF FACE 2 301
53. MEANS, SINGLE RATIOS AND DOUBLE RATIOS FOR THE VARIOUS PROPERTIES
RELATING TO CELLS WHICH HAVE BEEN TREATED WITHIN 5 MIN OF THEIR INITIAL
APPEARANCE ON THE RADAR SCREEN 304
54. CAYMAN ISLANDS: WATER AND SEWERAGE FACILITIES IN THE GEORGE TOWN
AREA 342
55. ESTIMATED DAILY WATER REQUIREMENTS IN GRAND CAYMAN, 1983-2000 347
56. COMPARISON OF SEVERAL TECHNOLOGIES OF RAIN-WATER COLLECTION FOR
POTABLE USE. 376
57. THE QUALITY OF PEAT WATER 376
58. THE QUALITY OF PEAT WATER AFTER TREATMENT WITH MORINGA OLIFERA SEED
378
59. THE COMPOSITION OF DOMESTIC WASTE WATER IN BANDUNG, INDONESIA......
379
60. TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS; SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY, ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES 386
61. ANNUAL WATER PRODUCTION IN BAHRAIN 388
62. DESALINATION PLANTS IN BAHRAIN IN 1985 389
63. SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE STAFF FOR DESALINATION PLANTS
IN BAHRAIN 391
64. SEA-WATER DESALTING PLANTS IN CAPE VERDE 404
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IMAGE 8
PAGE
65. COSTS OF WATER IN CAPE VERDE, 1984.... 411
66. HISTORICAL REVIEW OF DISTILLATION PLANTS ON CURACAO., 414
67. WATER SUPPLY FROM DESALINATION IN MOROCCO 431
68. COST COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CATCHMENT TANKS IN KENYA AND
BOTSWANA 483
69. THAILAND: POPULATION BY REGION, 1983 488
70. THAILAND: INCOME DISTRIBUTION BY REGION 489
71. PROVISION OF CLEAN WATER SUPPLIES IN THAILAND S FIFTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN
490
72. BUDGET FOR CLEAN WATER SUPPLIES IN THAILAND S FIFTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN.
490
73. THAILAND: WATER RESOURCES AND BUDGET NEEDS 492
74. THAILAND: TOTAL NUMBER OF RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT TANKS TO BE
CONSTRUCTED BY THE YEAR 2000 492
75. COMPARISON OF COSTS FOR VARIOUS RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT SYSTEMS 493
76. ANALYSIS OF TOTAL COSTS FOR RAIN-WATER TANK PROJECT 496
77. REUSED DRAINAGE WATER IN THE NILE DELTA REGION 507
78. DISCHARGES OF THE MAIN DRAINS OF THE NILE DELTA AND FOR EL-FAYOUM AT
THE OUTFALLS 508
LIST OF FIGURES
1. SIMPLIFIED FLOW DIAGRAM OF A MULTISTAGE FLASH (MSF) DISTILLATION
PLANT 42
2. SIMPLIFIED FLOW DIAGRAM OF A VERTICAL-TUBE MULTIPLE-EFFECT
DISTILLATION PLANT 42
3. PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF AN ELECTRODIALYSIS UNIT 44
4. MAJOR COMPONENTS AND FLOW DIAGRAM OF AN ELECTRODIALYSIS UNIT 47
5. MAJOR COMPONENTS AND FLOW DIAGRAM OF A REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT. 47
6. BASIC COMPONENTS OF A SPIRAL WOUND REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE 48
7. BASIC COMPONENTS OF A HOLLOW FINE FIBRE REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE...
49
8. FLOW DIAGRAM OF AN EJECTO-COMPRESSION DESALINATION UNIT 59
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IMAGE 9
PAGE
9. SMALL-SCALE WIND-POWERED REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT 78
10. SOLAR POWERED DESALINATION UNIT 79
11. SIMPLE SOLAR STILL INSTALLED IN HAITI 81
12. INITIAL COST OF SOME SMALL MARINE DESALINATORS ON THE MARKET 90
13. TRENDS IN CAPITAL AND TOTAL WATER COSTS FOR DESALINATION FACILITIES,
1976-1984 91
14. THE COMPONENTS OF DESALINATION EQUIPMENT COSTS 93
15. FACTORS INVOLVED IN CALCULATING DESALINATED WATER COSTS 95
16. COMPONENTS OF TOTAL COST OF DRINKING WATER TRANSPORTED FROM
ROTTERDAM TO RA S AT TANNURAH (VIA SUEZ) 150
17. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS 154
18. WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS WITHOUT INFILTRATION 156
19. WATER PURIFICATION PROCESS WITH INFILTRATION 157
20. VERY SLOW SAND FILTER 165
21. PACT TREATMENT PROCESS DESIGN 169
22. CROSS SECTION THROUGH PULSED PILOT FILTER 171
23. WATER REUSE TREATMENT... 174
24. PERSISTENCE OF ENTERIC PATHOGENS IN THE ENVIRONMENT; WATER, SOIL OR
CROPS 220
25. MINIMAL INFECTIVE DOSE OF ENTERIC PATHOGENS ,221
26. WASTE-WATER IRRIGATION OF VEGETABLES AND ASCARIS PREVALENCE IN
CITIES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY 223
27. PREVALENCE OF PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN SEWAGE FARM WORKERS AND
CONTROLS IN INDIA 224
28. SUGGESTED LAYOUT OF EQUALLY-SIZED OXIDATION PONDS IN SERIES 230
29. HUMAN HEALTH CONCERNS FROM PATHOGENS AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES 246
30. TRENDS IN ANNUAL FIELD ACTIVITIES IN PRECIPITATION MODIFICATION....
263
31. ANNUAL SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AND ESTIMATED INCREASES USING ANALOGUE
APPROACH 264
32. EXPECTATION OF A SUCCESSFUL DETECTION OF RESULTS OF AN EXPERIMENT..
265
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IMAGE 10
PAGE
33. LOCATION OF RECORDING RAIN GAUGES IN ISRAEL...
285
34. CHART OF A RECORDING RAIN GAUGE 285
35. TRANSPORT AND DISPERSION PATTERN FOR CLOUD SEEDING UNDER TYPICAL
WIND CONDITIONS 294
36. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE MAXIMUM HEIGHTS AND TOTAL RAIN VOLUMES
PRECIPITATED BY SEEDED AND UNSEEDED RAINCELLS 298
37. RAIN-WATER COLLECTION IN THE CAYMAN ISLANDS 343
38. SCHEMATIC OUTLINE OF A SOLAR MOIST AIR DESALINATION PROTOTYPE 366
39. SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF A SOLAR FLASH BOILING DESALINATOR PROTOTYPE....
366
40. BRICKWORK RAIN-WATER COLLECTOR (10 M3) 373
41. FERRO-CEMENT RAIN-WATER TANKS (10 M3) 374
42. CISTERN WITH SLOW SAND FILTRATION, CIBURIAL, INDONESIA 375
43. MODEL OF AN INDIVIDUAL PEAT WATER TREATMENT INSTALLATION.. 377
44. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE POWER AND DESALINATION TRAINING PROGRAMME
IN BAHRAIN 396
45. WATER PRODUCTION PER YEAR FOR EXISTING DESALINATION PLANTS IN
BAHRAIN 399
46. WATER PRODUCTION TO MANPOWER RATIO FOR EXISTING DESALINATION PLANTS
IN BAHRAIN. 400
47. PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE OF A MULTISTAGE FLASH EVAPORATOR CONNECTED TO A
POWER GENERATION FACILITY 415
48. SOLAR DISTILLATION PLANT IN KUDHA, SOMALIA 439
49. ROOF CATCHMENT SYSTEM
471
50. ROCK CATCHMENT SYSTEM 471
51. GROUND CATCHMENT SYSTEM.
472
52. SIMPLIFIED MASS CURVE ANALYSIS FOR DETERMINING RAIN-WATER TANK
STORAGE 474
53. STORAGE-SUPPLY CURVES FOR MAHALAPYE, BOTSWANA
475
54. PLASTERED TANK (CROSS SECTION).
477
55. WATER QUALITY COMPARISON FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF RAIN-WATER CATCHMENT
TANKS 480
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IMAGE 11
PAGE
LIST OF MAPS
MEMBER STATES OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA
(ESCWA) 180
CAYMAN ISLANDS 339
CYPRUS 355
TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS 382
THE REPUBLIC OF CAPE VERDE 403
INDIA; THE DISTRIBUTION OF GROUND WATER..... 419
SOMALI DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC. 437
DOMINICA. 446
-XII-
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV000813540 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TD327 |
| callnumber-raw | TD327 |
| callnumber-search | TD327 |
| callnumber-sort | TD 3327 |
| callnumber-subject | TD - Environmental Technology |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)20056348 (DE-599)BVBBV000813540 |
| dewey-full | 333.91/009172/4 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 333 - Economics of land and energy |
| dewey-raw | 333.91/009172/4 |
| dewey-search | 333.91/009172/4 |
| dewey-sort | 3333.91 49172 14 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Conference Proceeding Book |
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| genre_facet | Konferenzschrift 1985 Willemstad Curaçao |
| geographic | Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Entwicklungsländer |
| id | DE-604.BV000813540 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T15:19:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)1080212-5 (DE-588)6141078-0 |
| isbn | 9211042143 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-000510301 |
| oclc_num | 20056348 |
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| owner | DE-12 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-188 |
| physical | XVI, 515 S. Ill., Kt. |
| publishDate | 1987 |
| publishDateSearch | 1987 |
| publishDateSort | 1987 |
| publisher | United Nations |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Natural resources |
| series2 | Natural resources : Water series |
| spelling | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 Dep. of Technical Co-operation for Development New York United Nations 1987 XVI, 515 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Natural resources : Water series 22 Interregional Seminar on Non-conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries (1985 : Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles) unbisn ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA unbist BERMUDA unbist BOTSWANA unbist CAPE VERDE unbist CARIBBEAN REGION unbist CAYMAN ISLANDS unbist CHINA unbist CONFERENCES unbist CURACAO (NETHERLANDS ANTILLES) unbist CYPRUS unbist DESALINATION unbist DOMINICA unbist DRINKING WATER unbist ECONOMIC ASPECTS unbist EGYPT unbist ETHIOPIA unbist Eau salée - Dessalement - Pays en voie de développement ram INDIA unbist INDONESIA unbist JAMAICA unbist KENYA unbist MAPS unbist MARITIME TRANSPORT unbist MEDITERRANEAN REGION unbist MOROCCO unbist NETHERLANDS ANTILLES unbist PUBLICATIONS unbist RAINWATER unbist Ressources en eau - Exploitation - Pays en voie de développement ram SEWAGE unbist SOMALIA unbist STATISTICAL DATA unbist THAILAND unbist TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS unbist WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT unbist WATER RESOURCES unbist WATER REUSE unbist WATER SUPPLY unbist WEATHER MODIFICATION unbist Entwicklungsländer Saline water conversion Developing countries Congresses Water-supply Developing countries Congresses Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd rswk-swf Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1985 Willemstad Curaçao gnd-content Entwicklungsländer (DE-588)4014954-7 g Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 s DE-604 Vereinte Nationen Department of Technical Cooperation for Development Sonstige (DE-588)1080212-5 oth Interregional Seminar on Non-Conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries 1985 Willemstad Sonstige (DE-588)6141078-0 oth Natural resources Water series ; 22 (DE-604)BV000013933 22 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000510301&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 Natural resources Interregional Seminar on Non-conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries (1985 : Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles) unbisn ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA unbist BERMUDA unbist BOTSWANA unbist CAPE VERDE unbist CARIBBEAN REGION unbist CAYMAN ISLANDS unbist CHINA unbist CONFERENCES unbist CURACAO (NETHERLANDS ANTILLES) unbist CYPRUS unbist DESALINATION unbist DOMINICA unbist DRINKING WATER unbist ECONOMIC ASPECTS unbist EGYPT unbist ETHIOPIA unbist Eau salée - Dessalement - Pays en voie de développement ram INDIA unbist INDONESIA unbist JAMAICA unbist KENYA unbist MAPS unbist MARITIME TRANSPORT unbist MEDITERRANEAN REGION unbist MOROCCO unbist NETHERLANDS ANTILLES unbist PUBLICATIONS unbist RAINWATER unbist Ressources en eau - Exploitation - Pays en voie de développement ram SEWAGE unbist SOMALIA unbist STATISTICAL DATA unbist THAILAND unbist TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS unbist WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT unbist WATER RESOURCES unbist WATER REUSE unbist WATER SUPPLY unbist WEATHER MODIFICATION unbist Entwicklungsländer Saline water conversion Developing countries Congresses Water-supply Developing countries Congresses Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4064811-4 (DE-588)4014954-7 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 |
| title_auth | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 |
| title_exact_search | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 |
| title_full | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 Dep. of Technical Co-operation for Development |
| title_fullStr | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 Dep. of Technical Co-operation for Development |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 Dep. of Technical Co-operation for Development |
| title_short | Non-conventional water resources use in developing countries |
| title_sort | non conventional water resources use in developing countries proceedings of the interregional seminar willemstad curacao netherlands antilles 22 28 april 1985 |
| title_sub | proceedings of the interregional seminar Willemstad, Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, 22 - 28 April 1985 |
| topic | Interregional Seminar on Non-conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries (1985 : Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles) unbisn ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA unbist BERMUDA unbist BOTSWANA unbist CAPE VERDE unbist CARIBBEAN REGION unbist CAYMAN ISLANDS unbist CHINA unbist CONFERENCES unbist CURACAO (NETHERLANDS ANTILLES) unbist CYPRUS unbist DESALINATION unbist DOMINICA unbist DRINKING WATER unbist ECONOMIC ASPECTS unbist EGYPT unbist ETHIOPIA unbist Eau salée - Dessalement - Pays en voie de développement ram INDIA unbist INDONESIA unbist JAMAICA unbist KENYA unbist MAPS unbist MARITIME TRANSPORT unbist MEDITERRANEAN REGION unbist MOROCCO unbist NETHERLANDS ANTILLES unbist PUBLICATIONS unbist RAINWATER unbist Ressources en eau - Exploitation - Pays en voie de développement ram SEWAGE unbist SOMALIA unbist STATISTICAL DATA unbist THAILAND unbist TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS unbist WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT unbist WATER RESOURCES unbist WATER REUSE unbist WATER SUPPLY unbist WEATHER MODIFICATION unbist Entwicklungsländer Saline water conversion Developing countries Congresses Water-supply Developing countries Congresses Wasserversorgung (DE-588)4064811-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Interregional Seminar on Non-conventional Water Resources Use in Developing Countries (1985 : Willemstad, Netherlands Antilles) ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA BERMUDA BOTSWANA CAPE VERDE CARIBBEAN REGION CAYMAN ISLANDS CHINA CONFERENCES CURACAO (NETHERLANDS ANTILLES) CYPRUS DESALINATION DOMINICA DRINKING WATER ECONOMIC ASPECTS EGYPT ETHIOPIA Eau salée - Dessalement - Pays en voie de développement INDIA INDONESIA JAMAICA KENYA MAPS MARITIME TRANSPORT MEDITERRANEAN REGION MOROCCO NETHERLANDS ANTILLES PUBLICATIONS RAINWATER Ressources en eau - Exploitation - Pays en voie de développement SEWAGE SOMALIA STATISTICAL DATA THAILAND TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT WATER RESOURCES WATER REUSE WATER SUPPLY WEATHER MODIFICATION Entwicklungsländer Saline water conversion Developing countries Congresses Water-supply Developing countries Congresses Wasserversorgung Konferenzschrift 1985 Willemstad Curaçao |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000510301&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000013933 |
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