Evolution and escalation: an ecological history of life
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Princeton, NJ
Princeton Univ. Press
1987
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 527 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 0691084467 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | GEERAT J VERMEIJ
Evolution and Escalation
AN ECOLOGICAL HISTORY
OF LIFE
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS
PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY
Contents
PREFACE XI
FART ONE: A Theory of Adaptation
CHAPTER ONE: Aptations and Selective Agencies 3
Natural Selection and Adaptation 3
The Recognition of Aptations 7
Effectiveness, Improvement, and Escalation 10
Environmental Challenges and Pathways of Adaptation 15
The Ranking of Selective Agencies 23
CHAPTER TWO: Limits to Adaptation 26
The Nature of Limitation 26
Genetic and Developmental Limitation 27
Ecological Limitation 30
The Spatial Dimension 42
Summary of the Theory of Adaptation 46
CHAPTER THREE: Hypotheses and Their Evaluation in a
Historical Science 49
Predictions from the Theory of Adaptation 49
The Nature of Historical Inquiry 53
Artifacts and Resolution in the Fossil Record 55
Functional Morphology and Ecological Inference in Fossils 61
PART TWO: The Acquisition of Resources
CHAPTER FOUR: Mechanisms and History of Competition 67
Types of Competition 67
Clones and Colonies 70
Competition in Plants 78
Contents • viii,
Metabolic Rate and Competition 82
Competition for Mates 95
Summary 99
CHAPTER FIVE: Safe Places, Anachronistic Aptations, and
the Recycling of Resources 102
The Invasion of Safe Places and Its Consequences 102
The Identification of Safe Places 103
Deep Water 104
Caves and Interstitial Environments 107
The Infaunal Environment 108
Bioerosion and the Endolithic Environment 119
Fresh Water and the Dry Land 130
Parasitism and Mutualism 136
Summary 140
CHAPTER SIX: The Predators of Armored Animals:
Functional Morphology and History 142
Methods of Subjugation 143
The History of Molluscivory 173
Summary and Conclusions 185
PART THREE: The Evolution of Armor
and Locomotion
CHAPTER SEVEN: The Functional Morphology and History
of Gastropod Armor 191
The Functions of Armor 191
The Characteristics of Gastropod Shell Armor 192
The Effectiveness of Gastropod Armor 205
The History of Gastropod Armor 210
The History of Traces of Predation - 227
Summary and Conclusions 237
CHAPTER EIGHT: Opportunistic Armor: The Evolution of
the Conchicolous Habit 240
The Conchicolous Habit 240
Benefits and Risks of the Conchicolous Habit 243
Contents • ix
The Effects of Shell Supply 246
Improving the Shell Resource 249
The History of the Conchicolous Habit 251
Evolutionary Effects of Conchicoles on Shell-Builders 252
Summary 254
CHAPTER NINE: Locomotion and the Evolution of Movement in
Gastropods 256
General Features of Locomotion 256
Locomotion in Gastropods 262
The History of Gastropod Burrowing 266
Summary 268
CHAPTER TEN: Armor and Locomotion in Cephaiopods 271
Adaptational Dilemmas 271
The History of Cephalopod Armor 277
Locomotion in Cephaiopods 285
Summary and Conclusions 288
CHAPTER ELEVEN: Armor and Locomotion in
Bivalved Animals 290
The Bivalve Shell 290
Bivalve Armor 292
Patterns of Armor in Space and Time 301
Traces of Predation 305
Locomotion in Pelecypods 311
Summary 315
CHAPTER TWELVE: Armor and Locomotion in
Articulated Animals 317
Functional Possibilities and Limitations 317
Arthropod Molting 319
Conglobation in Arthropods 320
The Carapace Form in Arthropods 326
Size in Land Arthropods 328
Barnacles t 329
Echinoderms 332
Armor in Vertebrates 339
Contents • x
Swimming in Vertebrates 347
Running in Land Animals 348
Powered Flight 354
Summary 355
PART FOUR: Escalation, Diversification,
and Extinction
CHAPTER THIRTEEN: The Dynamics of Escalation 359
A Review of the Evidence Pertaining to Escalation 359
A Chronology of Phanerozoic Escalation 361
The Role of Extrinsic Events 371
Conditions Favorable to Escalation 376
Marine Transgressions and Productivity 378
Climatic Change and Biotic Interchange 382
Intrinsic Factors: The Importance of Nutrients 386
Summary and Conclusions 387
CHAPTER FOURTEEN: Extinction 390
A Theory of Extinction 390
Timing, Frequency, and Magnitude of Extinction 396
The Decrease in Extinction Rate 400
Selectivity 401
Population Size and Geographical Range - 413
Post-Crisis Conditions 414
Summary 416
CHAPTER FIFTEEN: Implications, Difficulties, and
Future Directions 418
The Domain of Individual Adaptation 418
Evolutionary Progress 419
Objections and Alternative Interpretations 421
Future Research 426
APPENDIX 431
REFERENCES
t 435
INDEX 521
|
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| spelling | Vermeij, Geerat J. Verfasser aut Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life Geerat J. Vermeij Princeton, NJ Princeton Univ. Press 1987 XV, 527 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 gnd rswk-swf Aussterben (DE-588)4003882-8 gnd rswk-swf Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd rswk-swf Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 s Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 s DE-604 Aussterben (DE-588)4003882-8 s HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000446542&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Vermeij, Geerat J. Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 gnd Aussterben (DE-588)4003882-8 gnd Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4071050-6 (DE-588)4003882-8 (DE-588)4043207-5 |
| title | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life |
| title_auth | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life |
| title_exact_search | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life |
| title_full | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life Geerat J. Vermeij |
| title_fullStr | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life Geerat J. Vermeij |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution and escalation an ecological history of life Geerat J. Vermeij |
| title_short | Evolution and escalation |
| title_sort | evolution and escalation an ecological history of life |
| title_sub | an ecological history of life |
| topic | Evolution (DE-588)4071050-6 gnd Aussterben (DE-588)4003882-8 gnd Ökologie (DE-588)4043207-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Evolution Aussterben Ökologie |
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