Feldspars and feldspathoids: structures, properties and occurrences
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht u.a.
Reidel
1984
|
| Schriftenreihe: | NATO: [Nato ASI series / C]
137 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographies and index |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 541 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9027718261 |
Internformat
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| 650 | 7 | |a Feldspaths - Congrès |2 ram | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
FELDSPARS
1. AVERAGE STRUCTURES OF ALKALI AND PLAGIOCLASE
FELDSPARS : SYSTEMATICS AND APPLICATIONS 1
Paul H. Ribbe, Virginia Polytechnic Institute
and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia
Introduction 2
Feldspar topology 3
Patterns of Al, Si order-disorder 7
Real structures and average structures 16
Interpretation of average structure data 21
Average structures of plagioclase 30
Lattice parameters as determinative methods
for average structures of plagioclases 33
Average structures of alkali feldspars 38
Determinative methods for alkali feldspars 40
Summary 47
References 49
2. PHASE RELATIONS OF PLAGIOCLASE FELDSPARS 55
Joseph V. Smith, University of Chicago
Introduction 58
Albite 62
Anorthite 63
High-temperature plagioclase 68
Low plagioclase 70
Conclusion 87
References 89
vj TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. THE MODULATED STRUCTURE OF THE INTERMEDIATE
PLAGIOCLASES AND ITS CHANGE WITH COMPOSITION 95
Masao Kitamura and Nobuo Morimoto,
University of Kyoto
Introduction 96
Satellite reflections and their relative
movement with composition 98
Relation between modulation waves and satellites 99
The modulated structure models of the
e-plagioclases 103
I. Models based on X-ray diffraction 103
II. Models based on electron microscopy 106
Comparison of the various models 106
I. Structure models derived by X-ray diffraction 107
II. Models constructed from a crystal-chemical
viewpoint 108
III. Models from electron microscopic studies 110
Crystal-chemistry of the modulated structure
of the e-plagioclases 11O
I. Structural change of the e-plagioclases
based on the KM-model 110
II. Antiphase domain boundaries (APBs) in the
plagioclases 112
III. The origin of the modulated structure 113
References 116
4. SPECTROSCOPY OF FELDSPARS 121
Gerhard Lehmann, University of Münster
Introduction 121
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 125
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) 135
Mössbauer spectroscopy 147
Infrared absorption 151
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy 153
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) 156
Conclusion 156
References 157
TABLE OF CONTENTS ™
5. THERMAL EXPANSION OF ALKALI FELDSPARS 163
Herbert Kroll, University of Münster
Introduction 164
The strain tensor 165
Metrical and structural response of Na-feldspar
to a change in temperature and composition 170
1 Displacive effects 170
2 Temperature and composition of the displacive
transformation 174
3 Diffusive effects 180
4 Temperature of the diffusive transformation 183
Shape and orientation of the strain ellipsoid 185
1 Thermal expansion of analbite 189
2 Chemical expansion in the analbite-sanidine
series 192
3 Thermal expansion of high albite 192
4 Thermal expansion of low albite 195
5 Chemical expansion in the low albite-low
microcline series 195
6 Thermal expansion of equilibrated high albites 198
Conclusions 201
References 202
6. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FELDSPARS 207
Madeleine Gandais, University of Paris VI and
Christian Willaime, University of Rennes I
Introduction 207
I. Principles of the mechanisms involved in
mineral deformation 208
Elasticity 209
Fracture 209
Plasticity 209
Transition between brittle and ductile
behaviours 211
II. Macroscopic properties 214
Hardness 214
Flow strength 214
Flow laws 223
TABLE OF CONTENTS
III. Deformation mechanisms 224
Fine scale microstructure 227
Crystallography of glide elements 231
Dissociation of dislocations 238
Extended planar defects 239
Conclusion 240
References 242
7. THE EXCHANGE EQUILIBRIUM DISTRIBUTION OF ALKALI
AND ALKALINE-EARTH ELEMENTS BETWEEN FELDSPARS
AND HYDROTHERMAL SOLUTIONS 247
Martine Lagache, Ecole normale supérieure, Paris
I. Equilibria involving alkali exchange 248
1.1 Distribution of alkalis at the trace level 248
1.2 Role of the hydrothermal solution in the
distribution of a major alkali element 260
II. Exchange equilibria involving alkali and
alkaline-earth elements 267
II. 1 Distribution of alkaline-earth elements in
trace amounts 267
II.2 Exchange equilibria of Na and Ca between
plagioclase and an aqueous chloride solution 269
III. Conclusion 274
References 276
8. ALKALI FELDSPAR EXSOLUTION : KINETICS AND DEPENDENCE
ON ALKALI INTERDIFFUSION 281
Richard A. Yund, Brown University, Providence,
Rhode Island
Introduction 281
Coherent phase relations 282
The coherent spinodal 289
Exsolution mechanisms and kinetics 29O
Changes in the exsolution microstructure 294
An empirical model for exsolution kinetics 298
Alkali diffusion rates 301
The effect of other variables on exsolution rates 307
The effect of water 307
The effect of confining pressure 308
TABLE OF CONTENTS i
Other components and impurities 308
The effect of slow cooling 309
Applications and further work 310
References 311
9. FELDSPARS AND THE THERMAL HISTORY OF IGNEOUS ROCKS 317
Ian Parsons, University of Aberdeen and
William L. Brown, University of Nancy I
1 Introduction 318
2 Magmatic phase equilibria and geothermometry 320
2.1 Phase equilibria 320
2.2 Two-feldspar geothermometry 325
3 Exsolution and coarsening 328
3.1 Introduction 328
3.2 Coherent exsolution 329
3.3 Deuteric exsolution 346
4 Framework order-disorder 348
4.1 Introduction 348
4.2 Techniques for estimating order-disorder
and their interpretation 349
4.3 Experimental studies of ordering 353
4.4 Factors controlling feldspar order-disorder
in rocks 355
4.5 Petrogenetic significance of microcline 358
5 Concluding statement 360
References 361
10. TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE INVESTIGATIONS
OF THE MICROSTRUCTURES OF MICROCLINES 373
Alex.C.McLaren, Monash University, Clayton,
Victoria
1 Introduction 374
2 Background 375
3 Optical microscope and X-ray diffraction
observations of the specimens later studied
by TEM 381
4 Transmission electron microscope observations 389
4.1 Twinning and twin intersection 390
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.2 Exsolution and its influence on twinning 397
4.3 Coexisting domains of orthoclase and
microcline 3
5 Discussion 401
References 4Oa
11. MASSIF ANORTHOSITES : ANOTHER PARTISAN REVIEW 411
Jean-Clair Duchesne, University of Liège
1 Foreword 411
2 Various types of anorthosites 412
3 Anorthosites in the North Atlantic provinces 413
3.1 Relation between Labrador and Grenville
anorthosites 413
3.2 Evidence of syn-emplacement deformation 414
4 Parental magmas and the anorthositic suite 415
4.1 Acidic rocks : an anatectic origin 416
4.2 Evidence of contamination 416
4.3 Jotunitic rocks 418
4.4 Relations between jotunites and acidic
rocks 420
4.5 Anorthositic and noritic rocks 421
4.6 Megacrysts of Al-rich orthopyroxenes 422
4.7 Liquid magmas 422
4.8 Crystal mush and diapirism 423
5 Conclusions 425
References 427
FELDSPATHOIDS
12. FELDSPATHOIDS : THEIR AVERAGE AND REAL STRUCTURES 435
Stefano Merlino, University of Pisa
Introduction 436
Leucite-type frameworks 436
Leucite-type structures 439
Analclme-type structures 440
Phases with tridymite-type framework 444
Nepheline 445
Kalsilite 449
TABLE OF CONTENTS x
Tetrakalsilite and trikalsilite 451
Other framework topologies 455
Cancrinite-sodalite group 457
Observed stacking sequences 457
Sodalite-type structures 459
Cancrinite-type structures 461
Ordering of tetrahedral cations 464
References 465
13. FELDSPATHOID STABILITIES AND PHASE INVERSIONS -
A REVIEW 471
C. Michael B. Henderson, University of Manchester
1 Introduction 471
2 Stabilities of feldspathoids 472
2.1 The system Ne-Ks-Qtz ± H2O ( petrogeny s
residua system ) 472
2.2 Ne-Ks-Qtz-H 0 plus other chemical components 487
3 Crystal chemistry and inversions in feldspathoids 490
3.1 Feldspathoid family analogues 490
3.2 Phase inversions in feldspathoids and their
analogues 491
References 497
14. CHEMISTRY, OCCURRENCE AND PARAGENESIS OF
FELDSPATHOIDS : A REVIEW 501
Alan D. Edgar, University of Western Ontario
London, Ontario
Introduction 502
1 . Feldspathoids in rocks of nepheline-syenite
compositions 503
Nephelines in igneous rocks 503
Nephelines as geothermometers 507
Nephelines in metasomatic-metamorphic rocks 509
Kalsilite 510
Analcite 510
Primary igneous analcites 511
Leucite 512
Pseudoleucites 513
xii TABLE OF CONTENTS
2. The rarer feldspathoids 516
Sodalite 517
Nosean and haiiyne 517
Cancrinite 517
3. Feldspathoids in mafic-ultramafic rocks 518
Nepheline 518
Melilite 519
Leucite 522
Kalsilite 524
4. Feldspathoids in meteorites and in the
Earth s mantle 524
Feldspathoids in meteorites 524
Feldspathoids in the Earth s mantle 525
References 527
SUBJECT INDEX 533
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| spelling | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences ed. by William L. Brown Dordrecht u.a. Reidel 1984 XV, 541 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier NATO: [Nato ASI series / C] 137 Includes bibliographies and index Feldpathoïdes - Congrès ram Feldspaths - Congrès ram Minéraux silicatés - Congrès ram Feldspar Congresses Feldspathoid Congresses Feldspatvertreter (DE-588)4327846-2 gnd rswk-swf Feldspäte (DE-588)4153949-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1983 Rennes gnd-content Feldspäte (DE-588)4153949-7 s DE-604 Feldspatvertreter (DE-588)4327846-2 s Brown, William L. 1929-2007 Sonstige (DE-588)138646074 oth C] NATO: [Nato ASI series 137 (DE-604)BV000902768 137 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000193713&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences Feldpathoïdes - Congrès ram Feldspaths - Congrès ram Minéraux silicatés - Congrès ram Feldspar Congresses Feldspathoid Congresses Feldspatvertreter (DE-588)4327846-2 gnd Feldspäte (DE-588)4153949-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4327846-2 (DE-588)4153949-7 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences |
| title_auth | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences |
| title_exact_search | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences |
| title_full | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences ed. by William L. Brown |
| title_fullStr | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences ed. by William L. Brown |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feldspars and feldspathoids structures, properties and occurrences ed. by William L. Brown |
| title_short | Feldspars and feldspathoids |
| title_sort | feldspars and feldspathoids structures properties and occurrences |
| title_sub | structures, properties and occurrences |
| topic | Feldpathoïdes - Congrès ram Feldspaths - Congrès ram Minéraux silicatés - Congrès ram Feldspar Congresses Feldspathoid Congresses Feldspatvertreter (DE-588)4327846-2 gnd Feldspäte (DE-588)4153949-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Feldpathoïdes - Congrès Feldspaths - Congrès Minéraux silicatés - Congrès Feldspar Congresses Feldspathoid Congresses Feldspatvertreter Feldspäte Konferenzschrift 1983 Rennes |
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