Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Strasbourg
Council of Europe, European Committee of Nature and Natural Resources
1982
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Nature and environment series
25 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T.: Augier, H.: Inventaire et classification des biocénoses marines benthiques de la Méditerranée |
| Beschreibung: | V, 57 S. Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9287100527 |
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| adam_text | Titel: Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the Mediterranean
Autor: Augier, Henry
Jahr: 1982
- 1 -
CONTENTS
PART I
INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MARINE BENTHIC BIOCENOSES
OF THE MEDITERRANEAN
Page
PURPOSE ................................................... 1
PREAMBLE ................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION .............................................. 2
CHAPTER I : THE SUPRALITTORAL ZONE ......................... 4
I. POPULATIONS OF SOLID SUBSTRATA ......................... 4
1. Biocenosis of Supralittoral Rock (SR), or Vemiaario-
Melaraphetum nevitioidis ............................... 4
2. Biocenosis of Pools of Variable Salinity (PVS) .......... 4
II. POPULATIONS OF MOBILE SUBSTRATA ....................... 5
1. Biocenosis of Fast Drying Beaches (FDB) ................ 5
2. Biocenosis of Slowly Drying Beaches (SDB) ............. 5
CHAPTER II : THE MID-LITTORAL ZONE ........................ 6
I. POPULATIONS OF SOLID SUBSTRATA ........................ 6
A. UPPER SUB-ZONE ................................... 6
1. Biocenosis with Chthamales, or Chthamaletum stellati ... 6
2. Biocenosis with Porphyra leucosticta and Scytosiphon
loraentaria, or Porphyreturn -?»*.?»...................... 6
3. Biocenosis with Rissoella verruculosa and Nemalion
helminthoides, or Nemalio-Rissoelletum verruculosae .... 6
4. Biocenosis with Enteromorpha compressa or Enteromorpheturn
compressae ............................................ 6
B. LOWER SUB-ZONE ................................... 7
1. Biocenosis of the Lower Mid-Littoral Rocks (LMR), or
Neogoniolitho-Lithophylletum tortuosi ................... 7
2. Biocenosis of the Mid-littoral Fringe (MF) .............. 8
3. Biocenosis of the Mid-littoral Grottoes (MG) ............ 9
II. POPULATIONS OF MOBILE SUBSTRATA ........................ 9
1. Biocenosis of muddy Sands and Muds of the Mid-littoral
Lagoons and Estuaries (SMMLE) ........................... 9
2. Biocenosis of Mid-littoral Sands (MS) ................... 9
3. Biocenosis of Mid-littoral Detritus (MD) ............... 10
- 11 -
Page
CHAPTER III : THE INFRALITTORAL ZONE ................... 10
I. POPULATIONS OF SOLID SUBSTRATA ................... 10
A. PHOTOPHILIC POPULATIONS ...................... 10
1. Exposed biotopes .............................. 1°
a) Biocenosis of Exposed Photophilic Infralit-
toral rock (EPIR) or Cystoseiretum strictae 10
b) Biocenosis with Tenarea undulosa and Litho-
phyllum trochanter, or Lithophyllo-Tenaretum
undulosae ................................. 11
c) Vermetid biocenosis, or Vermetum cristatae 11
2. Exposed or semi-exposed biotopes .............. 11
- Population with Cystoseira fimbriata ........ 2
- Population with Cystoseira amentaoea ........ 12
- Population with Dilophys fasciola var. repens 12
- Population with Corallina meditewanea ...... 12
3. Relatively calm-water biotopes ............... 12
a) Biocenosis of relatively Calm-water Infra-
littoral Photophilic Algae (CIPA) ......... 12
b) Biocenosis with Encrusting Calcareous Rhodo-
phyceae and Urchins (ECRU) , or Lithophyllo-
Arbacietum lixulae ........................ 14
c) Biocenosis of Infralittoral Photophilic and
Thermophilic Algae (IPTA) or Dasycladetum
vermicularis .............................. 14
4. Biotopes with average to strong turbidity and
pollution ..................................... 14
- in exposed or semi-exposed areas ............ 14
- Population with Mytilus gallopvovincialis 15
- in relatively calm waters ................... 15
- Population of Tolerant Chlorophyceans (TC)
or Pterocladio Ulvetian .................... 15
- Population of Petalonia fascia ............ 15
- Port populations .......................... 15
B. SCHIAPHILOUS POPULATIONS ...................... 15
1. Exposed surface biotopes ................. 15
- Mediterraneo-Boreal Sciaphilous Exposed
Rock (MBSER) biocenosis, or Lomentarieto-
Ptocamietim aartilaginei ................ 15
- Tyrrhenian Schiaphilous Exposed Rock (TSER)
biocenosis, or Botryoaladietum botryoidis 15
- Ill -
page
2. Relatively calm-water biotopes ................ 16
- Biocenosis of Infralittoral Calm-water Scia-
philous lgae (ICSA), or Udoteo-Aglaothamnietum
tripinnati .................................. 16
B. SCIAPHILOUS POPULATIONS ....................... 15
1. Exposed surface biotopes ...................... 15
2. Relatively calm-water biotopes ................ 16
II. POPULATIONS OF MOBILE SUBSTRATA ................... 17
A. COMMUNITIES WITH NO APPARENT PLANT LIFE ..... 17
1. Shingles ...................................... ] 7
2. Coarse sands and fine gravels ................. 17
3. Sponge-bearing bottoms ........................ 17
4. Sands ......................................... 18
a) Biocenosis of Fine Surface Sands (FSS) ..... 18
b) Biocenosis of Calm-Water Muddy Sands (CWMS) 18
c) Biocenosis of terrigenous Well-Graded Fine
Sands (WGFS) ............................... 19
d) Biocenosis of Badly-Graded Infralittoral
Sands 5BGIS) ............................... 19
5 • Muds .......................................... 19
- Biocenosis of Polluted Infralittoral Muds (PIM) 19
B. COMMUNITIES WITH WELL-DEVELOPED VEGETATION 19
1. Populations based on marine phanerogams ... 19
a) Biocenosis with Posidonia oceanica, or 9
Posidonietum oceanioae ..................
b) Biocenosis of Dead Posidonia Mats (CPM)
or Thanato-Posidonietum oceanicae ....... 20
c) Biocenosis with Cymodocea nodosa, or
Cymodoaetwn nodosae ..................... 23
d) Biocenosis with Zostera noltii, or Gyraudyo-
Zostevetum nottii ....................... 23
e) Biocenosis with Halophila stipulacea, or
Halophiletum stipulaaeae ................ 23
2. Populations based on algae .................. 26
a) Caulerpa populations .................... 26
b) Population with Arthvocladia villosa and
Sproahnus psdunculatus .................. 27
C. LAGOON COMMUNITIES .......................... 28
Euryhaline and Eurythermic Lagoon (EEL)
biocenosis.............................. 28
- IV -
page
CHAPTER IV : THE CIRCUMLITTORAL ZONE ................ 29
I. POPULATIONS OF SOLID SUBSTRATA .................. 29
1. Biocenosis of Circumlittoral Calm-water Scia-
philous Algae (CCSA) or Rodriguezelletim
strafforellii ............................... 29
2. Biocenosis of Semi-Dark Grottoes (SDG) ...... 31
3. Biocenosis of Completely Dark Grottoes and
Tunnels (CDGT) .............................. 31
4. Biocenosis of Open-sea Rocks (OR) ........... 32
II. POPULATIONS OF MOBILE SUBSTRATA ................. 32
1. Biocenosis of Coarse Sands and fine gravels
under the influence of Bottom Currents (CSBC) 33
2. Biocenosis of Coastal Detritus bottoms (CD) 33
3. Biocenosis of Muddy Detritus bottoms (MD) — 36
4. Biocenosis of Open-sea Detritus bottoms (OD) 36
5. Biocenosis of Coastal Terrigenous Muds (CTM) 37
6. Biocenosis with Nephrops norvegicus and
Tkenea muriaata ............................. 38
CHAPTER V : POPULATIONS OF THE DEEPS ................. 39
I. HARD SUBSTRATA .................................. 40
1. Biocenosis of Yellow Corals (YC) ............ 40
2. Biocenosis of White Corals (WC) ............. 40
II. MOBILE SUBSTRATA .............................. 40
1. Biocenosis of Bathyal Gravels (BG) ........ 40
2. Biocenosis of Deep Muds (DM) .............. 41
IS THERE A TRUE ABYSSAL FAUNA IN THE MEDITERRANEAN ? 45
PART II
OBSERVATIONS, LESSONS AND MAIN CONCLUSIONS TO BE
DRAWN FROM THE INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE
BENTHIC MARINE BIOCENOSES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN ___ 47
I. STATE OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN BENTHOS 48
1. An incomplete inventory and uneven knowledge
of the Mediterranean biocenoses ........... 48
2. Need for more dynamic research............ 48
II. BIOCENOTIC CARTOGRAPHY ........................ 49
1. Definition of biocenotic units that can be
mapped .................................... 49
2. Practical applications of biocenotic maps 49
- v -
page
III. ORIGINALITY AND VULNERABILITY OF MEDITERRANEAN
MARINE BENTHIC BIOCENOSES ..................... 51
1. Affinities and origins of Mediterranean
populations ............................... 51
2. Biogeography of the Mediterranean benthos 51
3. Special hydrological and ecological features
of the Mediterranean Sea .................. 53
4. Fragility of the Mediterranean populations
and threat of worsening ecological imbalance 53
5. Plant and animal populations and species in
danger of decline or disappearance ........ 55
CONCLUSION : The foundation of a strategy to preserve
the Mediterranean benthos ............. 57
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| spelling | Augier, H. Verfasser aut Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean prep. by H. Augier Strasbourg Council of Europe, European Committee of Nature and Natural Resources 1982 V, 57 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Nature and environment series 25 Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T.: Augier, H.: Inventaire et classification des biocénoses marines benthiques de la Méditerranée Biologie fes Pflanzen fes Tiere fes Benthos Mediterranean Sea Marine biology Mediterranean Sea Marine ecology Mediterranean Sea Benthos (DE-588)4140346-0 gnd rswk-swf Europa fes Mittelmeerraum fes Mittelmeer (DE-588)4074895-9 gnd rswk-swf Mittelmeer (DE-588)4074895-9 g Benthos (DE-588)4140346-0 s DE-604 Nature and environment series 25 (DE-604)BV000015173 25 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000190655&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Augier, H. Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean Nature and environment series Biologie fes Pflanzen fes Tiere fes Benthos Mediterranean Sea Marine biology Mediterranean Sea Marine ecology Mediterranean Sea Benthos (DE-588)4140346-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4140346-0 (DE-588)4074895-9 |
| title | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean |
| title_auth | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean |
| title_exact_search | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean |
| title_full | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean prep. by H. Augier |
| title_fullStr | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean prep. by H. Augier |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean prep. by H. Augier |
| title_short | Inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean |
| title_sort | inventory and classification of marine benthic biocenoses of the mediterranean |
| topic | Biologie fes Pflanzen fes Tiere fes Benthos Mediterranean Sea Marine biology Mediterranean Sea Marine ecology Mediterranean Sea Benthos (DE-588)4140346-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biologie Pflanzen Tiere Benthos Mediterranean Sea Marine biology Mediterranean Sea Marine ecology Mediterranean Sea Benthos Europa Mittelmeerraum Mittelmeer |
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