Philosophy and archaeology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York u.a.
Acad. Pr.
1982
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studies in archaeology
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 203 S. |
| ISBN: | 0126156506 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
Titel: PHILOSOPHY AND ARCHAEOLOGY
Autor: Salmon, Merrilee H.
Jahr: 1982
Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
ONE. Introduction 1
TWO. Laws in Archaeology
Introduction and Examples 8
Some Features of Laws: Generality and Truth 9
Determinism and Statistical Laws 14
Methodological Determinism 16
Differences between Laws of Physics and Laws of the Biological
and Behavioral Sciences 18
Are There Any Laws of Archaeology? 19
The Importance of Laws for Archaeology 20
Are There Any Nontrivial Laws of Archaeology? 23
An Attempt to Employ Laws in an Archaeological Explanation 26
Conclusion 29
THREE. Confirmation in Archaeology
Introduction 31
The Logic of Confirmation 32
The Hypothetico-Deductive Method 34
Relative Confirmation and Absolute Confirmation 36
Inadequacy of the H-D Method as a Model of Confirmation in Archaeology 39
Prior Probabilities 42
An Alternative Pattern for Confirmation 49
Bayes' Method 51
Alternative Hypotheses 55
Conclusion 56
V
vi Contents
FOUR. Analogy and Functional Ascription
Introduction 57
Form and Function 58
Context 59
Analysis and Evaluation of Arguments from Analogy 61
An Attempt to Provide a General Method for Ascribing Functions 65
Criticism of the Attempt 67
Ethnoarchaeology and Analogy 74
Conclusion 82
FIVE. Functional Explanation
Introduction and Examples of Functional Explanations 84
Functional Explanations versus Functionalist Theories
of Anthropology 85
The Consistency of Functional Explanations with Scientists' Understanding
of Causality 87
Some Connections between Functional Explanations and Systems 90
Models of the Phenomena and Models, or Patterns, of Explanation 93
Difficulties in Fitting Functional Explanations with Some Standard Models
of Scientific Explanation 97
Some Inadequacies in the Standard Philosophical Models, or Patterns,
of Scientific Explanation 105
An Attempt to Preserve Causal Features in Functional Explanations 106
An Attempt to Preserve Structure and Causality 108
Conclusion 111
SIX. Structure of Archaeological Explanation
Introduction 113
Explaining the Character of a Faunal Assemblage 115
Structure of the Explanation 117
Deductive-Statistical Explanation—Explaining Regularities 120
Explaining the Occurrence of a Pattern 122
Problems with the High Probability Requirement 124
Causal Relevance and Statistical Relevance 131
Probabilistic Causes 134
Common Causes 136
Conclusion 138
SEVEN. Theory Building in Archaeology
Introduction 140
The Definitional Approach 141
Operational Definition 143
Contents vi
Systematics 150
Formal Theories 157
Mathematical Modeling 160
Constructing Theories by Borrowing 165
General Assumptions, Common-Sense Hypotheses, Induction,
and Theories 166
Conclusion 177
Concluding Remarks 179
Bibliography 183
Author Index 195
Subject Index 199 |
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| spelling | Salmon, Merrilee H. Verfasser aut Philosophy and archaeology New York u.a. Acad. Pr. 1982 XI, 203 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in archaeology Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd rswk-swf Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd rswk-swf Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 s Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=000015130&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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