Fool me twice :: intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism /
Evaluates whether surprise and intelligence failure leading to mass casualty terrorism are inevitable. This book features a study that explores the extent to which four factors - failures of public policy leadership, analytical challenges, organizational obstacles, and inherent problems of warning i...
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Leiden ; Boston :
Martinus Nijhoff,
©2007.
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | DE-862 DE-863 |
| Summary: | Evaluates whether surprise and intelligence failure leading to mass casualty terrorism are inevitable. This book features a study that explores the extent to which four factors - failures of public policy leadership, analytical challenges, organizational obstacles, and inherent problems of warning information - contribute to intelligence failure. |
| Physical Description: | 1 online resource (xxv, 292 pages) |
| Format: | Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 275-288) and index. |
| ISBN: | 9789047440291 9047440293 1282601970 9781282601970 9786612601972 6612601973 |
Staff View
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| 100 | 1 | |a Copeland, Thomas E. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fool me twice : |b intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / |c Thomas E. Copeland. |
| 260 | |a Leiden ; |a Boston : |b Martinus Nijhoff, |c ©2007. | ||
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (xxv, 292 pages) | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references (pages 275-288) and index. | ||
| 520 | |a Evaluates whether surprise and intelligence failure leading to mass casualty terrorism are inevitable. This book features a study that explores the extent to which four factors - failures of public policy leadership, analytical challenges, organizational obstacles, and inherent problems of warning information - contribute to intelligence failure. | ||
| 505 | 0 | |a Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- A. Key Concepts: Strategic Surprise and Intelligence Failure -- 1. Strategic Surprise -- 2. Intelligence Failure -- B. The "New Terrorism" -- 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Terrorist Threat -- 2. The Challenge to Government -- C. Sources of Intelligence Failure -- 1. Leadership and Policy Failures -- 2. Organizational and Bureaucratic Issues -- 3. Problems with Warning Information -- 4. Analytical Challenges -- D. Understanding Mass Casualty Terrorism, 1993-2001 -- Chapter 2 -- February 26, 1993: The World Trade Center -- A. Introduction -- 1. The Streets of New York -- 2. The First Big Surprise -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception and the Threat Environment -- 2. Setting Priorities for Intelligence Collection -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. Obstacle #1: FBI Culture and Confidential Informants -- 2. Obstacle #2: Federal-State Coordination -- 3. Obstacle #3: FBI-CIA TurfWars -- 4. Obstacle #4: FBI Investigations vs. Intelligence -- 5. Obstacle #5: Executive and Legislative Restrictions -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators-Hiding in Plain Sight -- 2. Warning Indicators-Signals vs. Noise -- 3. Missed Opportunities -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. The First Avoidable Surprise? -- G. Conclusion -- Chapter 3 -- April; 19, 1995: Oklahoma City -- A. Introduction -- 1. What Was the Nature of the Surprise? -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception, and the Threat Environment -- 2. The Perceived Threat Environment -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. The First Amendment and Domestic Surveillance -- 2. Law Enforcement Culture and Attitudes -- 3. Law Enforcement Coordination -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. The Threat from the Far Right -- 2. Specific Warning Indicators -- 3. Possible Indicators from "Others Unknown" -- 4. No Warning -- 5. Failing to Learn -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- June 25, 1996: Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia -- A. Introduction -- 1. The U.S. Mission in the Persian Gulf -- 2. The First Signs of Trouble: 1994-95 -- 3. Heightened Security at U.S. Installations -- 4. What Was the Nature of the Surprise at Khobar Towers? -- 5. Competing Judgments on the Failure -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. The Perceived Threat Environment in Saudi Arabia Prior to -- November 1995 -- 2. Perceptions of Threat After OPM/SANG -- 3. The Charge of "Mission Creep" -- 4. Efforts to Enhance Force Protection -- 5. Sensitivity to Host Country Concerns -- 6. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. For Lack of a SOFA -- 2. Structure of the Military Chain of Command -- 3. Lack of Guidance from DOD -- 4. Money and Manpower -- 5. Conclusions on Organizational Obstacles -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators in the Kingdom -- 2. Warning Indicators -- 3. Conclusions on Threat and Warning -- E. Analytical Challenges -- 1. The Lack of Human Intelligence -- F. Conclusion -- 1. The Fina. | |
| 588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
| 506 | |3 Use copy |f Restrictions unspecified |2 star |5 MiAaHDL | ||
| 533 | |a Electronic reproduction. |b [Place of publication not identified] : |c HathiTrust Digital Library, |d 2010. |5 MiAaHDL | ||
| 538 | |a Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. |u http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 |5 MiAaHDL | ||
| 583 | 1 | |a digitized |c 2010 |h HathiTrust Digital Library |l committed to preserve |2 pda |5 MiAaHDL | |
| 546 | |a English. | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Intelligence service |z United States |x Evaluation. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Terrorism |x Prevention. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00007517 | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Bombings. |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015475 | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Service des renseignements |z États-Unis |x Évaluation. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Terrorisme |x Prévention. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Attentats à la bombe. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a POLITICAL SCIENCE |x Political Freedom & Security |x Terrorism. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Bombings |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Intelligence service |x Evaluation |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Terrorism |x Prevention |2 fast | |
| 651 | 7 | |a United States |2 fast |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxgQXMWqmjMjjwXRHgrq | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Geheimdienst |2 gnd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Terrorismus |2 gnd |0 http://d-nb.info/gnd/4059534-1 | |
| 651 | 7 | |a USA |2 gnd |0 http://d-nb.info/gnd/4078704-7 | |
| 650 | 7 | |a United States of America. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Intelligence agencies. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a National security. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Terrorism. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Countermeasures. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Attacks. |2 pplt | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Prevention. |2 pplt | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1993-2001. |2 swd | |
| 758 | |i has work: |a Fool me twice (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGCj4gBr89xKPyHg7rjDdP |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
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Record in the Search Index
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| author | Copeland, Thomas E. |
| author_facet | Copeland, Thomas E. |
| author_role | |
| author_sort | Copeland, Thomas E. |
| author_variant | t e c te tec |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | localFWS |
| callnumber-first | U - Military Science |
| callnumber-label | UB251 |
| callnumber-raw | UB251.U6 C67 2007eb |
| callnumber-search | UB251.U6 C67 2007eb |
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| contents | Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- A. Key Concepts: Strategic Surprise and Intelligence Failure -- 1. Strategic Surprise -- 2. Intelligence Failure -- B. The "New Terrorism" -- 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Terrorist Threat -- 2. The Challenge to Government -- C. Sources of Intelligence Failure -- 1. Leadership and Policy Failures -- 2. Organizational and Bureaucratic Issues -- 3. Problems with Warning Information -- 4. Analytical Challenges -- D. Understanding Mass Casualty Terrorism, 1993-2001 -- Chapter 2 -- February 26, 1993: The World Trade Center -- A. Introduction -- 1. The Streets of New York -- 2. The First Big Surprise -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception and the Threat Environment -- 2. Setting Priorities for Intelligence Collection -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. Obstacle #1: FBI Culture and Confidential Informants -- 2. Obstacle #2: Federal-State Coordination -- 3. Obstacle #3: FBI-CIA TurfWars -- 4. Obstacle #4: FBI Investigations vs. Intelligence -- 5. Obstacle #5: Executive and Legislative Restrictions -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators-Hiding in Plain Sight -- 2. Warning Indicators-Signals vs. Noise -- 3. Missed Opportunities -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. The First Avoidable Surprise? -- G. Conclusion -- Chapter 3 -- April; 19, 1995: Oklahoma City -- A. Introduction -- 1. What Was the Nature of the Surprise? -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception, and the Threat Environment -- 2. The Perceived Threat Environment -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. The First Amendment and Domestic Surveillance -- 2. Law Enforcement Culture and Attitudes -- 3. Law Enforcement Coordination -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. The Threat from the Far Right -- 2. Specific Warning Indicators -- 3. Possible Indicators from "Others Unknown" -- 4. No Warning -- 5. Failing to Learn -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- June 25, 1996: Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia -- A. Introduction -- 1. The U.S. Mission in the Persian Gulf -- 2. The First Signs of Trouble: 1994-95 -- 3. Heightened Security at U.S. Installations -- 4. What Was the Nature of the Surprise at Khobar Towers? -- 5. Competing Judgments on the Failure -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. The Perceived Threat Environment in Saudi Arabia Prior to -- November 1995 -- 2. Perceptions of Threat After OPM/SANG -- 3. The Charge of "Mission Creep" -- 4. Efforts to Enhance Force Protection -- 5. Sensitivity to Host Country Concerns -- 6. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. For Lack of a SOFA -- 2. Structure of the Military Chain of Command -- 3. Lack of Guidance from DOD -- 4. Money and Manpower -- 5. Conclusions on Organizational Obstacles -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators in the Kingdom -- 2. Warning Indicators -- 3. Conclusions on Threat and Warning -- E. Analytical Challenges -- 1. The Lack of Human Intelligence -- F. Conclusion -- 1. The Fina. |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)593315379 |
| dewey-full | 363.325/163 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 363 - Other social problems and services |
| dewey-raw | 363.325/163 |
| dewey-search | 363.325/163 |
| dewey-sort | 3363.325 3163 |
| dewey-tens | 360 - Social problems and services; associations |
| discipline | Soziologie |
| era | Geschichte 1993-2001. swd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1993-2001. |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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This book features a study that explores the extent to which four factors - failures of public policy leadership, analytical challenges, organizational obstacles, and inherent problems of warning information - contribute to intelligence failure.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- A. Key Concepts: Strategic Surprise and Intelligence Failure -- 1. Strategic Surprise -- 2. Intelligence Failure -- B. The "New Terrorism" -- 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Terrorist Threat -- 2. The Challenge to Government -- C. Sources of Intelligence Failure -- 1. Leadership and Policy Failures -- 2. Organizational and Bureaucratic Issues -- 3. Problems with Warning Information -- 4. Analytical Challenges -- D. Understanding Mass Casualty Terrorism, 1993-2001 -- Chapter 2 -- February 26, 1993: The World Trade Center -- A. Introduction -- 1. The Streets of New York -- 2. The First Big Surprise -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception and the Threat Environment -- 2. Setting Priorities for Intelligence Collection -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. Obstacle #1: FBI Culture and Confidential Informants -- 2. Obstacle #2: Federal-State Coordination -- 3. Obstacle #3: FBI-CIA TurfWars -- 4. Obstacle #4: FBI Investigations vs. Intelligence -- 5. Obstacle #5: Executive and Legislative Restrictions -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators-Hiding in Plain Sight -- 2. Warning Indicators-Signals vs. Noise -- 3. Missed Opportunities -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. The First Avoidable Surprise? -- G. Conclusion -- Chapter 3 -- April; 19, 1995: Oklahoma City -- A. Introduction -- 1. What Was the Nature of the Surprise? -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception, and the Threat Environment -- 2. The Perceived Threat Environment -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. The First Amendment and Domestic Surveillance -- 2. Law Enforcement Culture and Attitudes -- 3. Law Enforcement Coordination -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. The Threat from the Far Right -- 2. Specific Warning Indicators -- 3. Possible Indicators from "Others Unknown" -- 4. No Warning -- 5. Failing to Learn -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- June 25, 1996: Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia -- A. Introduction -- 1. The U.S. Mission in the Persian Gulf -- 2. The First Signs of Trouble: 1994-95 -- 3. Heightened Security at U.S. Installations -- 4. What Was the Nature of the Surprise at Khobar Towers? -- 5. Competing Judgments on the Failure -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. The Perceived Threat Environment in Saudi Arabia Prior to -- November 1995 -- 2. Perceptions of Threat After OPM/SANG -- 3. The Charge of "Mission Creep" -- 4. Efforts to Enhance Force Protection -- 5. Sensitivity to Host Country Concerns -- 6. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. For Lack of a SOFA -- 2. Structure of the Military Chain of Command -- 3. Lack of Guidance from DOD -- 4. Money and Manpower -- 5. Conclusions on Organizational Obstacles -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators in the Kingdom -- 2. Warning Indicators -- 3. Conclusions on Threat and Warning -- E. Analytical Challenges -- 1. The Lack of Human Intelligence -- F. Conclusion -- 1. 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| spelling | Copeland, Thomas E. Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / Thomas E. Copeland. Leiden ; Boston : Martinus Nijhoff, ©2007. 1 online resource (xxv, 292 pages) text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (pages 275-288) and index. Evaluates whether surprise and intelligence failure leading to mass casualty terrorism are inevitable. This book features a study that explores the extent to which four factors - failures of public policy leadership, analytical challenges, organizational obstacles, and inherent problems of warning information - contribute to intelligence failure. Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- A. Key Concepts: Strategic Surprise and Intelligence Failure -- 1. Strategic Surprise -- 2. Intelligence Failure -- B. The "New Terrorism" -- 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Terrorist Threat -- 2. The Challenge to Government -- C. Sources of Intelligence Failure -- 1. Leadership and Policy Failures -- 2. Organizational and Bureaucratic Issues -- 3. Problems with Warning Information -- 4. Analytical Challenges -- D. Understanding Mass Casualty Terrorism, 1993-2001 -- Chapter 2 -- February 26, 1993: The World Trade Center -- A. Introduction -- 1. The Streets of New York -- 2. The First Big Surprise -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception and the Threat Environment -- 2. Setting Priorities for Intelligence Collection -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. Obstacle #1: FBI Culture and Confidential Informants -- 2. Obstacle #2: Federal-State Coordination -- 3. Obstacle #3: FBI-CIA TurfWars -- 4. Obstacle #4: FBI Investigations vs. Intelligence -- 5. Obstacle #5: Executive and Legislative Restrictions -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators-Hiding in Plain Sight -- 2. Warning Indicators-Signals vs. Noise -- 3. Missed Opportunities -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. The First Avoidable Surprise? -- G. Conclusion -- Chapter 3 -- April; 19, 1995: Oklahoma City -- A. Introduction -- 1. What Was the Nature of the Surprise? -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception, and the Threat Environment -- 2. The Perceived Threat Environment -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. The First Amendment and Domestic Surveillance -- 2. Law Enforcement Culture and Attitudes -- 3. Law Enforcement Coordination -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. The Threat from the Far Right -- 2. Specific Warning Indicators -- 3. Possible Indicators from "Others Unknown" -- 4. No Warning -- 5. Failing to Learn -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- June 25, 1996: Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia -- A. Introduction -- 1. The U.S. Mission in the Persian Gulf -- 2. The First Signs of Trouble: 1994-95 -- 3. Heightened Security at U.S. Installations -- 4. What Was the Nature of the Surprise at Khobar Towers? -- 5. Competing Judgments on the Failure -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. The Perceived Threat Environment in Saudi Arabia Prior to -- November 1995 -- 2. Perceptions of Threat After OPM/SANG -- 3. The Charge of "Mission Creep" -- 4. Efforts to Enhance Force Protection -- 5. Sensitivity to Host Country Concerns -- 6. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. For Lack of a SOFA -- 2. Structure of the Military Chain of Command -- 3. Lack of Guidance from DOD -- 4. Money and Manpower -- 5. Conclusions on Organizational Obstacles -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators in the Kingdom -- 2. Warning Indicators -- 3. Conclusions on Threat and Warning -- E. Analytical Challenges -- 1. The Lack of Human Intelligence -- F. Conclusion -- 1. The Fina. Print version record. Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010. MiAaHDL Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 MiAaHDL digitized 2010 HathiTrust Digital Library committed to preserve pda MiAaHDL English. Intelligence service United States Evaluation. Terrorism Prevention. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00007517 Bombings. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015475 Service des renseignements États-Unis Évaluation. Terrorisme Prévention. Attentats à la bombe. POLITICAL SCIENCE Political Freedom & Security Terrorism. bisacsh Bombings fast Intelligence service Evaluation fast Terrorism Prevention fast United States fast https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtxgQXMWqmjMjjwXRHgrq Geheimdienst gnd Terrorismus gnd http://d-nb.info/gnd/4059534-1 USA gnd http://d-nb.info/gnd/4078704-7 United States of America. pplt Intelligence agencies. pplt National security. pplt Terrorism. pplt Countermeasures. pplt Attacks. pplt Prevention. pplt Geschichte 1993-2001. swd has work: Fool me twice (Text) https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGCj4gBr89xKPyHg7rjDdP https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork Print version: Copeland, Thomas E. Fool me twice. Leiden ; Boston : Martinus Nijhoff, ©2007 9789004158450 (DLC) 2007061209 (OCoLC)80461491 |
| spellingShingle | Copeland, Thomas E. Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 -- Introduction -- A. Key Concepts: Strategic Surprise and Intelligence Failure -- 1. Strategic Surprise -- 2. Intelligence Failure -- B. The "New Terrorism" -- 1. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Terrorist Threat -- 2. The Challenge to Government -- C. Sources of Intelligence Failure -- 1. Leadership and Policy Failures -- 2. Organizational and Bureaucratic Issues -- 3. Problems with Warning Information -- 4. Analytical Challenges -- D. Understanding Mass Casualty Terrorism, 1993-2001 -- Chapter 2 -- February 26, 1993: The World Trade Center -- A. Introduction -- 1. The Streets of New York -- 2. The First Big Surprise -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception and the Threat Environment -- 2. Setting Priorities for Intelligence Collection -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. Obstacle #1: FBI Culture and Confidential Informants -- 2. Obstacle #2: Federal-State Coordination -- 3. Obstacle #3: FBI-CIA TurfWars -- 4. Obstacle #4: FBI Investigations vs. Intelligence -- 5. Obstacle #5: Executive and Legislative Restrictions -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators-Hiding in Plain Sight -- 2. Warning Indicators-Signals vs. Noise -- 3. Missed Opportunities -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. The First Avoidable Surprise? -- G. Conclusion -- Chapter 3 -- April; 19, 1995: Oklahoma City -- A. Introduction -- 1. What Was the Nature of the Surprise? -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. Psychology, Perception, and the Threat Environment -- 2. The Perceived Threat Environment -- 3. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. The First Amendment and Domestic Surveillance -- 2. Law Enforcement Culture and Attitudes -- 3. Law Enforcement Coordination -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. The Threat from the Far Right -- 2. Specific Warning Indicators -- 3. Possible Indicators from "Others Unknown" -- 4. No Warning -- 5. Failing to Learn -- E. Analytical Challenges -- F. Conclusion -- Chapter 4 -- June 25, 1996: Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia -- A. Introduction -- 1. The U.S. Mission in the Persian Gulf -- 2. The First Signs of Trouble: 1994-95 -- 3. Heightened Security at U.S. Installations -- 4. What Was the Nature of the Surprise at Khobar Towers? -- 5. Competing Judgments on the Failure -- B. Leadership Failures -- 1. The Perceived Threat Environment in Saudi Arabia Prior to -- November 1995 -- 2. Perceptions of Threat After OPM/SANG -- 3. The Charge of "Mission Creep" -- 4. Efforts to Enhance Force Protection -- 5. Sensitivity to Host Country Concerns -- 6. Failures of Public Policy Leadership -- C. Organizational Obstacles -- 1. For Lack of a SOFA -- 2. Structure of the Military Chain of Command -- 3. Lack of Guidance from DOD -- 4. Money and Manpower -- 5. Conclusions on Organizational Obstacles -- D. Threat and Warning Information -- 1. Threat Indicators in the Kingdom -- 2. Warning Indicators -- 3. Conclusions on Threat and Warning -- E. Analytical Challenges -- 1. The Lack of Human Intelligence -- F. Conclusion -- 1. The Fina. Intelligence service United States Evaluation. Terrorism Prevention. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00007517 Bombings. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015475 Service des renseignements États-Unis Évaluation. Terrorisme Prévention. Attentats à la bombe. POLITICAL SCIENCE Political Freedom & Security Terrorism. bisacsh Bombings fast Intelligence service Evaluation fast Terrorism Prevention fast Geheimdienst gnd Terrorismus gnd http://d-nb.info/gnd/4059534-1 United States of America. pplt Intelligence agencies. pplt National security. pplt Terrorism. pplt Countermeasures. pplt Attacks. pplt Prevention. pplt |
| subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00007517 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015475 http://d-nb.info/gnd/4059534-1 http://d-nb.info/gnd/4078704-7 |
| title | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / |
| title_auth | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / |
| title_exact_search | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / |
| title_full | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / Thomas E. Copeland. |
| title_fullStr | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / Thomas E. Copeland. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fool me twice : intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / Thomas E. Copeland. |
| title_short | Fool me twice : |
| title_sort | fool me twice intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism |
| title_sub | intelligence failure and mass casualty terrorism / |
| topic | Intelligence service United States Evaluation. Terrorism Prevention. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00007517 Bombings. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85015475 Service des renseignements États-Unis Évaluation. Terrorisme Prévention. Attentats à la bombe. POLITICAL SCIENCE Political Freedom & Security Terrorism. bisacsh Bombings fast Intelligence service Evaluation fast Terrorism Prevention fast Geheimdienst gnd Terrorismus gnd http://d-nb.info/gnd/4059534-1 United States of America. pplt Intelligence agencies. pplt National security. pplt Terrorism. pplt Countermeasures. pplt Attacks. pplt Prevention. pplt |
| topic_facet | Intelligence service United States Evaluation. Terrorism Prevention. Bombings. Service des renseignements États-Unis Évaluation. Terrorisme Prévention. Attentats à la bombe. POLITICAL SCIENCE Political Freedom & Security Terrorism. Bombings Intelligence service Evaluation Terrorism Prevention United States Geheimdienst Terrorismus USA United States of America. Intelligence agencies. National security. Terrorism. Countermeasures. Attacks. Prevention. |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT copelandthomase foolmetwiceintelligencefailureandmasscasualtyterrorism |