Encyclopedia of early cinema /:
This encyclopedia presents a wealth of information on early cinema history, with coverage of the techniques and equipment of film production, profiles of the pioneering directors and producers, analysis of individual films and the rapid growth of distinct film genres, and the emergence of something...
Saved in:
| Other Authors: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London :
Routledge,
2005.
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | DE-862 DE-863 |
| Summary: | This encyclopedia presents a wealth of information on early cinema history, with coverage of the techniques and equipment of film production, profiles of the pioneering directors and producers, analysis of individual films and the rapid growth of distinct film genres, and the emergence of something the world had never seen before - the movie star. The work also focuses on how the nature of film exhibition changed as the industry grew, and how the public's reception to films also changed. The pre-cinema period is closely examined to show those mass-cultural forms and practices - such. |
| Physical Description: | 1 online resource (xxx, 791 pages) : illustrations |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 711-718) and index. |
| ISBN: | 0203482042 9780203482049 1280348453 9781280348457 9786610348459 6610348456 |
Staff View
MARC
| LEADER | 00000cam a2200000 a 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn252812916 | ||
| 003 | OCoLC | ||
| 005 | 20250103110447.0 | ||
| 006 | m o d | ||
| 007 | cr zn||||||||| | ||
| 008 | 041020s2005 enka obe 001 0deng d | ||
| 040 | |a MT4IT |b eng |e pn |c MT4IT |d OCLCQ |d N$T |d UX0 |d E7B |d YDXCP |d QE2 |d IDEBK |d OCLCQ |d VLB |d OCLCO |d OCLCQ |d OCLCF |d TYFRS |d OCLCQ |d AGLDB |d COCUF |d OCLCQ |d ICG |d K6U |d U3W |d D6H |d MIH |d ZHM |d OCLCQ |d VTS |d OCLCQ |d STF |d G3B |d OCLCQ |d HS0 |d VLY |d YDX |d OCLCO |d OCLCQ |d OCLCO |d OCLCL | ||
| 019 | |a 64589361 |a 64627522 |a 275188666 |a 455993018 |a 648142826 |a 756875438 |a 1000430392 |a 1162035981 |a 1241746456 |a 1290037106 |a 1300440446 | ||
| 020 | |a 0203482042 |q (electronic bk.) | ||
| 020 | |a 9780203482049 |q (electronic bk.) | ||
| 020 | |a 1280348453 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781280348457 | ||
| 020 | |a 9786610348459 | ||
| 020 | |a 6610348456 | ||
| 020 | |z 0415234409 |q (Cloth) | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)252812916 |z (OCoLC)64589361 |z (OCoLC)64627522 |z (OCoLC)275188666 |z (OCoLC)455993018 |z (OCoLC)648142826 |z (OCoLC)756875438 |z (OCoLC)1000430392 |z (OCoLC)1162035981 |z (OCoLC)1241746456 |z (OCoLC)1290037106 |z (OCoLC)1300440446 | ||
| 050 | 4 | |a PN1993.45 |b .E53 2005eb | |
| 072 | 7 | |a PER |x 004040 |2 bisacsh | |
| 082 | 7 | |a 791.43/09/03 |2 22 | |
| 049 | |a MAIN | ||
| 245 | 0 | 0 | |a Encyclopedia of early cinema / |c edited by Richard Abel. |
| 260 | |a London : |b Routledge, |c 2005. | ||
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (xxx, 791 pages) : |b illustrations | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references (pages 711-718) and index. | ||
| 588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
| 505 | 0 | |a Cover; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CINEMA; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Contributors; Thematic entry list; Introduction; Entries A-Z; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Bibliography; Index | |
| 520 | |a This encyclopedia presents a wealth of information on early cinema history, with coverage of the techniques and equipment of film production, profiles of the pioneering directors and producers, analysis of individual films and the rapid growth of distinct film genres, and the emergence of something the world had never seen before - the movie star. The work also focuses on how the nature of film exhibition changed as the industry grew, and how the public's reception to films also changed. The pre-cinema period is closely examined to show those mass-cultural forms and practices - such. | ||
| 546 | |a English. | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Motion pictures |x History |v Encyclopedias. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Cinéma |x Histoire |v Encyclopédies. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a PERFORMING ARTS |x Film & Video |x Reference. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Motion pictures |2 fast | |
| 655 | 7 | |a encyclopedias. |2 aat | |
| 655 | 7 | |a Encyclopedias |2 fast | |
| 655 | 7 | |a History |2 fast | |
| 655 | 7 | |a Encyclopedias. |2 lcgft |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092 | |
| 655 | 7 | |a Encyclopédies. |2 rvmgf | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Abel, Richard, |d 1941- |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwHkmCvGXr7Qy7JRc3hHC |0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n83152181 | |
| 758 | |i has work: |a Encyclopedia of early cinema (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGtVXhPfQXkGQCpKMFBjJC |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |t Encyclopedia of early cinema. |d London : Routledge, 2005 |w (DLC) 2004051460 |
| 966 | 4 | 0 | |l DE-862 |p ZDB-4-EBA |q FWS_PDA_EBA |u https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=106201 |3 Volltext |
| 966 | 4 | 0 | |l DE-863 |p ZDB-4-EBA |q FWS_PDA_EBA |u https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=106201 |3 Volltext |
| 936 | |a BATCHLOAD | ||
| 938 | |a EBSCOhost |b EBSC |n 106201 | ||
| 938 | |a Taylor & Francis |b TAFR |n 9780203482049 | ||
| 938 | |a YBP Library Services |b YANK |n 301599066 | ||
| 938 | |a YBP Library Services |b YANK |n 2403953 | ||
| 994 | |a 92 |b GEBAY | ||
| 912 | |a ZDB-4-EBA | ||
| 049 | |a DE-862 | ||
| 049 | |a DE-863 | ||
Record in the Search Index
| DE-BY-FWS_katkey | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn252812916 |
|---|---|
| _version_ | 1829094631112966144 |
| adam_text | |
| any_adam_object | |
| author2 | Abel, Richard, 1941- |
| author2_role | |
| author2_variant | r a ra |
| author_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n83152181 |
| author_facet | Abel, Richard, 1941- |
| author_sort | Abel, Richard, 1941- |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | localFWS |
| callnumber-first | P - Language and Literature |
| callnumber-label | PN1993 |
| callnumber-raw | PN1993.45 .E53 2005eb |
| callnumber-search | PN1993.45 .E53 2005eb |
| callnumber-sort | PN 41993.45 E53 42005EB |
| callnumber-subject | PN - General Literature |
| collection | ZDB-4-EBA |
| contents | Cover; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CINEMA; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Contributors; Thematic entry list; Introduction; Entries A-Z; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Bibliography; Index |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)252812916 |
| dewey-full | 791.43/09/03 |
| dewey-hundreds | 700 - The arts |
| dewey-ones | 791 - Public performances |
| dewey-raw | 791.43/09/03 |
| dewey-search | 791.43/09/03 |
| dewey-sort | 3791.43 19 13 |
| dewey-tens | 790 - Recreational and performing arts |
| discipline | Allgemeines |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03741cam a2200625 a 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ZDB-4-EBA-ocn252812916</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">OCoLC</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20250103110447.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="006">m o d </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr zn|||||||||</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">041020s2005 enka obe 001 0deng d</controlfield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MT4IT</subfield><subfield code="b">eng</subfield><subfield code="e">pn</subfield><subfield code="c">MT4IT</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">N$T</subfield><subfield code="d">UX0</subfield><subfield code="d">E7B</subfield><subfield code="d">YDXCP</subfield><subfield code="d">QE2</subfield><subfield code="d">IDEBK</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">VLB</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCO</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCF</subfield><subfield code="d">TYFRS</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">AGLDB</subfield><subfield code="d">COCUF</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">ICG</subfield><subfield code="d">K6U</subfield><subfield code="d">U3W</subfield><subfield code="d">D6H</subfield><subfield code="d">MIH</subfield><subfield code="d">ZHM</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">VTS</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">STF</subfield><subfield code="d">G3B</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">HS0</subfield><subfield code="d">VLY</subfield><subfield code="d">YDX</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCO</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCQ</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCO</subfield><subfield code="d">OCLCL</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="019" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">64589361</subfield><subfield code="a">64627522</subfield><subfield code="a">275188666</subfield><subfield code="a">455993018</subfield><subfield code="a">648142826</subfield><subfield code="a">756875438</subfield><subfield code="a">1000430392</subfield><subfield code="a">1162035981</subfield><subfield code="a">1241746456</subfield><subfield code="a">1290037106</subfield><subfield code="a">1300440446</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0203482042</subfield><subfield code="q">(electronic bk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780203482049</subfield><subfield code="q">(electronic bk.)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1280348453</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781280348457</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9786610348459</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">6610348456</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="z">0415234409</subfield><subfield code="q">(Cloth)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)252812916</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)64589361</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)64627522</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)275188666</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)455993018</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)648142826</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)756875438</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)1000430392</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)1162035981</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)1241746456</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)1290037106</subfield><subfield code="z">(OCoLC)1300440446</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">PN1993.45</subfield><subfield code="b">.E53 2005eb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="072" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">PER</subfield><subfield code="x">004040</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">791.43/09/03</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MAIN</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Encyclopedia of early cinema /</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by Richard Abel.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">London :</subfield><subfield code="b">Routledge,</subfield><subfield code="c">2005.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (xxx, 791 pages) :</subfield><subfield code="b">illustrations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">computer</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">online resource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="504" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (pages 711-718) and index.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="588" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Print version record.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cover; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CINEMA; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Contributors; Thematic entry list; Introduction; Entries A-Z; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Bibliography; Index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">This encyclopedia presents a wealth of information on early cinema history, with coverage of the techniques and equipment of film production, profiles of the pioneering directors and producers, analysis of individual films and the rapid growth of distinct film genres, and the emergence of something the world had never seen before - the movie star. The work also focuses on how the nature of film exhibition changed as the industry grew, and how the public's reception to films also changed. The pre-cinema period is closely examined to show those mass-cultural forms and practices - such.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="546" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">English.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Motion pictures</subfield><subfield code="x">History</subfield><subfield code="v">Encyclopedias.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Cinéma</subfield><subfield code="x">Histoire</subfield><subfield code="v">Encyclopédies.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">PERFORMING ARTS</subfield><subfield code="x">Film & Video</subfield><subfield code="x">Reference.</subfield><subfield code="2">bisacsh</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Motion pictures</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">encyclopedias.</subfield><subfield code="2">aat</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Encyclopedias</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">History</subfield><subfield code="2">fast</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Encyclopedias.</subfield><subfield code="2">lcgft</subfield><subfield code="0">http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Encyclopédies.</subfield><subfield code="2">rvmgf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abel, Richard,</subfield><subfield code="d">1941-</subfield><subfield code="1">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwHkmCvGXr7Qy7JRc3hHC</subfield><subfield code="0">http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n83152181</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="758" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="i">has work:</subfield><subfield code="a">Encyclopedia of early cinema (Text)</subfield><subfield code="1">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGtVXhPfQXkGQCpKMFBjJC</subfield><subfield code="4">https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Print version:</subfield><subfield code="t">Encyclopedia of early cinema.</subfield><subfield code="d">London : Routledge, 2005</subfield><subfield code="w">(DLC) 2004051460</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="l">DE-862</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-4-EBA</subfield><subfield code="q">FWS_PDA_EBA</subfield><subfield code="u">https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=106201</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="l">DE-863</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-4-EBA</subfield><subfield code="q">FWS_PDA_EBA</subfield><subfield code="u">https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&AN=106201</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BATCHLOAD</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">EBSCOhost</subfield><subfield code="b">EBSC</subfield><subfield code="n">106201</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Taylor & Francis</subfield><subfield code="b">TAFR</subfield><subfield code="n">9780203482049</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">YBP Library Services</subfield><subfield code="b">YANK</subfield><subfield code="n">301599066</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="938" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">YBP Library Services</subfield><subfield code="b">YANK</subfield><subfield code="n">2403953</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="994" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">92</subfield><subfield code="b">GEBAY</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-4-EBA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-862</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-863</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | encyclopedias. aat Encyclopedias fast History fast Encyclopedias. lcgft http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092 Encyclopédies. rvmgf |
| genre_facet | encyclopedias. Encyclopedias History Encyclopedias. Encyclopédies. |
| id | ZDB-4-EBA-ocn252812916 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-04-11T08:36:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 0203482042 9780203482049 1280348453 9781280348457 9786610348459 6610348456 |
| language | English |
| oclc_num | 252812916 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | MAIN DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| owner_facet | MAIN DE-862 DE-BY-FWS DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| physical | 1 online resource (xxx, 791 pages) : illustrations |
| psigel | ZDB-4-EBA FWS_PDA_EBA ZDB-4-EBA |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | Routledge, |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Encyclopedia of early cinema / edited by Richard Abel. London : Routledge, 2005. 1 online resource (xxx, 791 pages) : illustrations text txt rdacontent computer c rdamedia online resource cr rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (pages 711-718) and index. Print version record. Cover; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CINEMA; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Contributors; Thematic entry list; Introduction; Entries A-Z; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Bibliography; Index This encyclopedia presents a wealth of information on early cinema history, with coverage of the techniques and equipment of film production, profiles of the pioneering directors and producers, analysis of individual films and the rapid growth of distinct film genres, and the emergence of something the world had never seen before - the movie star. The work also focuses on how the nature of film exhibition changed as the industry grew, and how the public's reception to films also changed. The pre-cinema period is closely examined to show those mass-cultural forms and practices - such. English. Motion pictures History Encyclopedias. Cinéma Histoire Encyclopédies. PERFORMING ARTS Film & Video Reference. bisacsh Motion pictures fast encyclopedias. aat Encyclopedias fast History fast Encyclopedias. lcgft http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092 Encyclopédies. rvmgf Abel, Richard, 1941- https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwHkmCvGXr7Qy7JRc3hHC http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n83152181 has work: Encyclopedia of early cinema (Text) https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCGtVXhPfQXkGQCpKMFBjJC https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork Print version: Encyclopedia of early cinema. London : Routledge, 2005 (DLC) 2004051460 |
| spellingShingle | Encyclopedia of early cinema / Cover; ENCYCLOPEDIA OF EARLY CINEMA; Copyright; Contents; Illustrations; Contributors; Thematic entry list; Introduction; Entries A-Z; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Z; Bibliography; Index Motion pictures History Encyclopedias. Cinéma Histoire Encyclopédies. PERFORMING ARTS Film & Video Reference. bisacsh Motion pictures fast |
| subject_GND | http://id.loc.gov/authorities/genreForms/gf2014026092 |
| title | Encyclopedia of early cinema / |
| title_auth | Encyclopedia of early cinema / |
| title_exact_search | Encyclopedia of early cinema / |
| title_full | Encyclopedia of early cinema / edited by Richard Abel. |
| title_fullStr | Encyclopedia of early cinema / edited by Richard Abel. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Encyclopedia of early cinema / edited by Richard Abel. |
| title_short | Encyclopedia of early cinema / |
| title_sort | encyclopedia of early cinema |
| topic | Motion pictures History Encyclopedias. Cinéma Histoire Encyclopédies. PERFORMING ARTS Film & Video Reference. bisacsh Motion pictures fast |
| topic_facet | Motion pictures History Encyclopedias. Cinéma Histoire Encyclopédies. PERFORMING ARTS Film & Video Reference. Motion pictures encyclopedias. Encyclopedias History Encyclopedias. Encyclopédies. |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abelrichard encyclopediaofearlycinema |