Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms:
Slovakia's fundamental tax reform of 2004 considerably improved the simplicity and efficiency of the tax system by eliminating exemptions and special regimes and setting the rates for the personal income tax (PIT), the corporate income tax (CIT) and the value added tax (VAT) all equal to 19%. T...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris
OECD Publishing
2005
|
| Schriftenreihe: | OECD Economics Department Working Papers
no.448 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | Slovakia's fundamental tax reform of 2004 considerably improved the simplicity and efficiency of the tax system by eliminating exemptions and special regimes and setting the rates for the personal income tax (PIT), the corporate income tax (CIT) and the value added tax (VAT) all equal to 19%. This paper assesses the impact of this reform in the context of Slovakia's wider package of economic reforms. With respect to economic efficiency, the two key conclusions are as follows: First, the reforms are expected to improve both the level and efficiency of capital investment in Slovakia - although further improvements could be made by eliminating the double taxation on projects financed by retained profits. Second, the combination of the tax and social benefit reforms has enhanced the incentives for unemployed workers to seek work, which should result in higher labour supply. Labour demand should also have increased, thanks to the more flexible labour market. However, as overall taxes on labour remain high, labour demand for very low skilled workers may not pick up without further reforms to reduce the cost of employing such workers. With respect to equity considerations the assessment is less clear cut. On the one hand the flat personal income tax has benefited both low income earners and very high earners, particularly those with families, while middle-income earners, particularly single earners appear to be somewhat worse off. The increase in VAT and the welfare reform also have distributive effects. The net result of these reforms has been a significant cut in the real incomes of social beneficiaries who are not working. On the other hand, by raising labour productivity and reducing structural unemployment the reforms have the potential to benefit the low-skilled population also - provided other public policies are in place to facilitate this outcome. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovakia) |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) 21 x 29.7cm. |
| DOI: | 10.1787/075008851315 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000cam a22000002 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | ZDB-13-SOC-061251259 | ||
| 003 | DE-627-1 | ||
| 005 | 20231204121304.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 210204s2005 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1787/075008851315 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (DE-627-1)061251259 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)KEP061251259 | ||
| 035 | |a (FR-PaOEC)075008851315 | ||
| 035 | |a (EBP)061251259 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rda | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 084 | |a E62 |2 jelc | ||
| 084 | |a H21 |2 jelc | ||
| 084 | |a J3 |2 jelc | ||
| 084 | |a H53 |2 jelc | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Brook, Anne-Marie |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms |c Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz |
| 246 | 3 | 3 | |a L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques |
| 264 | 1 | |a Paris |b OECD Publishing |c 2005 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) |c 21 x 29.7cm. | ||
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a Computermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a OECD Economics Department Working Papers |v no.448 | |
| 520 | |a Slovakia's fundamental tax reform of 2004 considerably improved the simplicity and efficiency of the tax system by eliminating exemptions and special regimes and setting the rates for the personal income tax (PIT), the corporate income tax (CIT) and the value added tax (VAT) all equal to 19%. This paper assesses the impact of this reform in the context of Slovakia's wider package of economic reforms. With respect to economic efficiency, the two key conclusions are as follows: First, the reforms are expected to improve both the level and efficiency of capital investment in Slovakia - although further improvements could be made by eliminating the double taxation on projects financed by retained profits. Second, the combination of the tax and social benefit reforms has enhanced the incentives for unemployed workers to seek work, which should result in higher labour supply. Labour demand should also have increased, thanks to the more flexible labour market. However, as overall taxes on labour remain high, labour demand for very low skilled workers may not pick up without further reforms to reduce the cost of employing such workers. With respect to equity considerations the assessment is less clear cut. On the one hand the flat personal income tax has benefited both low income earners and very high earners, particularly those with families, while middle-income earners, particularly single earners appear to be somewhat worse off. The increase in VAT and the welfare reform also have distributive effects. The net result of these reforms has been a significant cut in the real incomes of social beneficiaries who are not working. On the other hand, by raising labour productivity and reducing structural unemployment the reforms have the potential to benefit the low-skilled population also - provided other public policies are in place to facilitate this outcome. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovakia) | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Economics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Slovak Republic | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Leibfritz, Willi |e MitwirkendeR |4 ctb | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |l FWS01 |p ZDB-13-SOC |q FWS_PDA_SOC |u https://doi.org/10.1787/075008851315 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a ZDB-13-SOC | ||
| 912 | |a ZDB-13-SOC | ||
| 951 | |a BO | ||
| 912 | |a ZDB-13-SOC | ||
| 049 | |a DE-863 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| DE-BY-FWS_katkey | ZDB-13-SOC-061251259 |
|---|---|
| _version_ | 1816797342679957504 |
| adam_text | |
| any_adam_object | |
| author | Brook, Anne-Marie |
| author2 | Leibfritz, Willi |
| author2_role | ctb |
| author2_variant | w l wl |
| author_facet | Brook, Anne-Marie Leibfritz, Willi |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Brook, Anne-Marie |
| author_variant | a m b amb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | localFWS |
| collection | ZDB-13-SOC |
| ctrlnum | (DE-627-1)061251259 (DE-599)KEP061251259 (FR-PaOEC)075008851315 (EBP)061251259 |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1787/075008851315 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03478cam a22004212 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ZDB-13-SOC-061251259</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627-1</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20231204121304.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210204s2005 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1787/075008851315</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627-1)061251259</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)KEP061251259</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(FR-PaOEC)075008851315</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(EBP)061251259</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">E62</subfield><subfield code="2">jelc</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">H21</subfield><subfield code="2">jelc</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">J3</subfield><subfield code="2">jelc</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">H53</subfield><subfield code="2">jelc</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Brook, Anne-Marie</subfield><subfield code="e">VerfasserIn</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms</subfield><subfield code="c">Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="246" ind1="3" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Paris</subfield><subfield code="b">OECD Publishing</subfield><subfield code="c">2005</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)</subfield><subfield code="c">21 x 29.7cm.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OECD Economics Department Working Papers</subfield><subfield code="v">no.448</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Slovakia's fundamental tax reform of 2004 considerably improved the simplicity and efficiency of the tax system by eliminating exemptions and special regimes and setting the rates for the personal income tax (PIT), the corporate income tax (CIT) and the value added tax (VAT) all equal to 19%. This paper assesses the impact of this reform in the context of Slovakia's wider package of economic reforms. With respect to economic efficiency, the two key conclusions are as follows: First, the reforms are expected to improve both the level and efficiency of capital investment in Slovakia - although further improvements could be made by eliminating the double taxation on projects financed by retained profits. Second, the combination of the tax and social benefit reforms has enhanced the incentives for unemployed workers to seek work, which should result in higher labour supply. Labour demand should also have increased, thanks to the more flexible labour market. However, as overall taxes on labour remain high, labour demand for very low skilled workers may not pick up without further reforms to reduce the cost of employing such workers. With respect to equity considerations the assessment is less clear cut. On the one hand the flat personal income tax has benefited both low income earners and very high earners, particularly those with families, while middle-income earners, particularly single earners appear to be somewhat worse off. The increase in VAT and the welfare reform also have distributive effects. The net result of these reforms has been a significant cut in the real incomes of social beneficiaries who are not working. On the other hand, by raising labour productivity and reducing structural unemployment the reforms have the potential to benefit the low-skilled population also - provided other public policies are in place to facilitate this outcome. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovakia)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Economics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Slovak Republic</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Leibfritz, Willi</subfield><subfield code="e">MitwirkendeR</subfield><subfield code="4">ctb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="l">FWS01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-13-SOC</subfield><subfield code="q">FWS_PDA_SOC</subfield><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1787/075008851315</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-13-SOC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-13-SOC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">BO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-13-SOC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-863</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | ZDB-13-SOC-061251259 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-26T14:56:03Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | English |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| owner_facet | DE-863 DE-BY-FWS |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) 21 x 29.7cm. |
| psigel | ZDB-13-SOC |
| publishDate | 2005 |
| publishDateSearch | 2005 |
| publishDateSort | 2005 |
| publisher | OECD Publishing |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | OECD Economics Department Working Papers |
| spelling | Brook, Anne-Marie VerfasserIn aut Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques Paris OECD Publishing 2005 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.) 21 x 29.7cm. Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.448 Slovakia's fundamental tax reform of 2004 considerably improved the simplicity and efficiency of the tax system by eliminating exemptions and special regimes and setting the rates for the personal income tax (PIT), the corporate income tax (CIT) and the value added tax (VAT) all equal to 19%. This paper assesses the impact of this reform in the context of Slovakia's wider package of economic reforms. With respect to economic efficiency, the two key conclusions are as follows: First, the reforms are expected to improve both the level and efficiency of capital investment in Slovakia - although further improvements could be made by eliminating the double taxation on projects financed by retained profits. Second, the combination of the tax and social benefit reforms has enhanced the incentives for unemployed workers to seek work, which should result in higher labour supply. Labour demand should also have increased, thanks to the more flexible labour market. However, as overall taxes on labour remain high, labour demand for very low skilled workers may not pick up without further reforms to reduce the cost of employing such workers. With respect to equity considerations the assessment is less clear cut. On the one hand the flat personal income tax has benefited both low income earners and very high earners, particularly those with families, while middle-income earners, particularly single earners appear to be somewhat worse off. The increase in VAT and the welfare reform also have distributive effects. The net result of these reforms has been a significant cut in the real incomes of social beneficiaries who are not working. On the other hand, by raising labour productivity and reducing structural unemployment the reforms have the potential to benefit the low-skilled population also - provided other public policies are in place to facilitate this outcome. This Working Paper relates to the 2005 OECD Economic Survey of the Slovak Republic (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovakia) Economics Slovak Republic Leibfritz, Willi MitwirkendeR ctb FWS01 ZDB-13-SOC FWS_PDA_SOC https://doi.org/10.1787/075008851315 Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Brook, Anne-Marie Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms Economics Slovak Republic |
| title | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms |
| title_alt | L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques |
| title_auth | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms |
| title_exact_search | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms |
| title_full | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz |
| title_fullStr | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms Anne-Marie, Brook and Willi, Leibfritz = L'impôt à taux unique dans le contexte de réformes économiques slovaques / Anne-Marie, Brook et Willi, Leibfritz |
| title_short | Slovakia's Introduction of a Flat Tax as Part of Wider Economic Reforms |
| title_sort | slovakia s introduction of a flat tax as part of wider economic reforms |
| topic | Economics Slovak Republic |
| topic_facet | Economics Slovak Republic |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1787/075008851315 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brookannemarie slovakiasintroductionofaflattaxaspartofwidereconomicreforms AT leibfritzwilli slovakiasintroductionofaflattaxaspartofwidereconomicreforms AT brookannemarie limpotatauxuniquedanslecontextedereformeseconomiquesslovaques AT leibfritzwilli limpotatauxuniquedanslecontextedereformeseconomiquesslovaques |