Between the wires: the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv
"Between the Wires tells for the first time the history of Janowska (Lviv, Ukraine), one of the deadliest concentration camps in the Holocaust, by bringing together never before seen evidence and painstakingly detailed research from archives in seven countries and in as many languages"
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Lincoln
University of Nebraska Press
[2024]
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| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Summary: | "Between the Wires tells for the first time the history of Janowska (Lviv, Ukraine), one of the deadliest concentration camps in the Holocaust, by bringing together never before seen evidence and painstakingly detailed research from archives in seven countries and in as many languages" |
| Physical Description: | xiii, 355 Seiten, 26 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781496237590 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a City of lions -- Ein furioso -- The devil's workshop -- "A tragic life" Lviv, October 1941-August 1942 -- Cerberus awakens -- Behind the wires -- Here be monsters -- The spider's web -- Holokaustos -- Testify for us all | |
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| 653 | 0 | |a Jews / Persecutions / Ukraine / Lʹviv / History / 20th century | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Lʹviv (Ukraine) / History / 20th century | |
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Contents List of Illustrations ------ Acknowledgments — Prologue. - -- . - --------------------- - - — - ix ---------------- - - xi ------- ------------------- -------- ------ Introduction- -------- ----- ------ i - . . - - 3 ------- i. City of Lions — ----- 2. Ein Furioso- - ---------- - --------------------- - — --------- 15 ----- ------------------------------ 3. The Devils Workshop —------ 29 ------------- ------------- 53 4. A Tragic Life-------- - ----------- - - ------ - - - ------- ---------- - - - 79 ---------- - - 109 5. Cerberus Awakens --------------- -------------------- 6. Behind the Wires. 7. Here Be Monsters - ---------- --------------- · - - - - -141 - -------165 . ------------ - 8. The Spider s Web ----------------------- --------- -------- ---------- 189 9. Holokaustos 10. Testify for Us All-------- - - Conclusion ----------- ------ Notes — - - - -------- Bibliography- . ------------ .233 . - ---------- - · - -------- 203 - ------- - ------------------------ ------ - 263 ---------- 269 32i Index-------- - --------------------------- --------- - ---------------------- 339
Bibliography ARCHIVES BA-zs. Bundesarchiv Zentralen Stelle zur Aufklärung nationalsozialistischer Ver brechen, Ludwigsburg, Germany fdrpl. Franklin Delano Roosevelt Presidental Library, Hyde Park, New York fvaht. Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies, Yale University, New Haven Connecticut G F hm. Ghetto Fighters’ House Museum, Israel Harvard Law School Library IfZ. Institut für Zeitgeschichte, Munich, Germany Leo Baeck Institute, New York William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum, Atlanta, Georgia Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust, Los Angeles National Library of Poland, Warsaw, Poland StAL. Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg, Ludwigsburg, Germany dalo. State Archive of Lviv Region, Lviv, Ukraine Paul V. Galvin Library, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago ushmm. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington dc Visual History Archive, Shoah Foundation Institute, University of Southern Cali fornia, Los Angeles yva. Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, Israel JewishGen Press Yizkor Book Project unpublished Ash Family Collection Porath Family Collection Lewinter Family Collection Niemann Family Collection Schallock Family Collection 311
MEMOIRS Despite a relative lack of scholarly work on Janowska, there are quite a gew memoirs of survivors who spent time in the camp and/or in Lviv during the Holocaust. Borwicz, Michal Maksymilian. The University of Criminals: The Janowska Camp in Lviv, 1941-1944. Edited by Jacek Tokarski and Leon Perlman. Krakow: Wysoki Zamek, 2014. Drix, Samuel. Witness to Annihilation: Surviving the Holocaust, a Memoir. Washington DC: Brassey’s, 1994. Druck, Samuel. Swastika over Jaworow. Translated by Samuel Kreiter. New York: First Jaworower Independent Association, 1984. https://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor /Yavorivl /Yavorivl .html. Folkmann, Adolf, and Stefan Szende. The Promise Hitler Kept. New York: Roy, 1945. Golfard, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Golfard and the Holocaust in Galicia. Edited by Wendy Lower. Lanham: Altamira in association with United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 2011. Kahane, David. Lvov Ghetto Diary. Translated by Jerzy Michalowicz. Amherst: Uni versity of Massachusetts Press, 1990. Kaplan, Helene C. I Never Left Janowska. New York: Holocaust Library, 1989. Kessler, Renata ed. The Wartime Dary ofEdmund Kessler: Lwow, Poland, 1942-1944. Boston: Academic Studies Press, 2010. Lemkin, Raphael. Totally Unofficial: The Autobiography ofRaphael Lemkin. New Haven ст: Yale University Press, 2013. Maltiel-Gerstenfeld, Jacob. My Private War: One Man's Struggle to Survive the Soviets and the Nazis. London: England Vallentine Mitchell, 1993. Reder, Rudolf. Belzec. Edited by Michael Jacobs. Krakow: Fundacj a Judaica w Kra- kowie, 1999. Redner, Marek. Recollections on the Life
and Martyrdom ofJewish Medical Doctors in the Lvov Ghetto, 1944-1949. Translated by A. S. Redner. Edited by Isabel Alcoff. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2003. Richman, Leon. Why? Extermination Camp Lwôw (Lemberg), 134 Janowska Street, Poland: A Documentary by an Inmate. New York: Vantage, 1975. Stromer, Moty. Memoirs of an Unfortunate Person. New York: Yad Vashem, 2008. “Translation of Szkola Okuricienstwa by Stanislawa Gogolowska, Wydanictwo Lubelskie, 1964.” StAL: EL 317 III, Bü 1720. Wells, Leon Weliczker. The Janowska Road. New York: MacMillan, 1963. Wiesenthal, Simon, and Joseph Wechsberg. The Murderers among Us: The Wiesenthal Memoirs. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967. 322 Bibliography
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Index aktion(s), 37-38,93,101-5,107,128,194, 202, 205-7,267 Améryjean, 166,171,179 antisemitism, 16, 20-23, 39; 43 178, 267; and ideology, 20,119,240; and 10, 98, 99,101,134,137, 204,264; and Janowska, 102; and labor camps, 60; and Lviv, 138,211; murders at, 131, 145; station, 97; and trial, 245; and victims, 99,128,131,138 pogroms, 19; and policy, 22,46; and Bitsch, Zbigniew, 225 propaganda, 241; and stereotypes, Bleines, Hugo, 4, 63, 68-69,73-74; 129, 49,262 Appellplatz, 121,124,176,266; and 256 Blitz Aktion, 102 forced labor, 170; and Janowska, Blöbel, Paul, 31,211-12,214,220-21,237 114,146; murders on, 146; and ss Blum, Peter, 115,125,138,145,237-39, officers, 146; and sexual violence, 246; antisemitism of, 178; and early 182; and Sobibor uprising, 222; and life, 115; and family, 238-39; and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg (ZAL- Great Aktion, 128; and Holocaust L), 5,169 survivors, 138,169; and Janowska, Aschenauer, Rudolf, 247-48,250 119,168-69; and Lviv ghetto, 138; Ash, Feliks, 150,217,219-20,226,227 and Lviv Trial, 249,251, 253-54; as Ash Brigade, 216 murderer, 174-75,178, 230, 261; and Asocial Aktion, 97,131 sexual violence, 183-84,229,266; as August Aktion, 103,106,145,148 ss officer, 116,127; and Waffen-ss, Auschwitz Trial, 11,248,265 117,191 Axer, Henryk, 161 Borszczôw, 133 Axer, Richard “Rysiek,” 145,157,160,162 Borwicz, Michal, 74,114; and Bienen stock, 162; and camp resistance, 223, Belzec, 100,104, 263; aktion at, 106; and deportations, 86, 97-98,103,132,133, 225; and Janowska, 167,171,222; as sur vivor, 74,167; torture of, 173; and The 148, 207; as
extermination center, University of Criminals, 109,141,190; 95-96,131,136; and gas chambers, 7, and vitamin work, 125; and Zegota, 161 339
brigades, 226; cemetery, 6,126; clean 184; and bone-grinder, 259; and bone ing, 208; compulsion, 123; concrete, grinder operator, 235; and burning 145; construction, 124,143; cripples, sites, 7,215; and David Manusevich, 170; labor, 130,144,150; laundry, 145; 240; and David Thürhaus, 249; and prisoner, 9-10, 68,129-30; punish Janowska, 213,216,221,226; and ment, 123; singing, 215; Wire, 111; Johann Rauch, 217,220,240,244; and work, 143,146,169,222-23 Leon Wells, 214,218,220,226,246; brutality, 58; competitive, 177; excessive, 177,267; and Janowska, 120,130,141, 166-67,177-79,201 ; and Nazis, 206 and Lviv, 214; and Lyczakow forest camp, 223; and Moische Korn, 235; and music, 226-27; and prisoners, Browning, Christopher, 95,107,123,187 217; and rabbis, 152; and revolt, 233; Buber, Martin, 18 and routine, 216; and Schutzstaffel Büttner, Martin, 167,169,174,181-82, 195» 197» 2U, Ч8 246, 254 (ss), 220,221,226. See also Sonder kommando 1005 (skioo$) Dçbica, 116,117,191-92 camp orchestra, 143, 153-54, 175,215, 225,246 deportation(s), 105-6,257; and Adolf Hitler, 94; and aktions, 93,101,103, Carpathian oil company, 221 131; and Belzec, 86; and Distrikt Gal children: and August Aktion, 103-4; and izien, 137-38; and Galicia, 266; and clinic, 18; and gas chambers, 74; and ghettos, 99; and Janowska, 130,137, Great Aktion, 6; and Janowska camp, 139, 207; and Jewish Council, 101; 102-3,204-5; Jewish, 2,5-6, 48; and andjews, 6, 86, 93,128,130,137; and March Aktion, 207-8; and mass mur Lviv, 27, 98-99,101,103-4, i23i and der, 217; orphaned, 238; as victims of Nazis, 93-94,139;
network of, 10; the Holocaust, 19,74,94,102-4,107, and sexual violence, 185; and Soviet 131,136-37,174-75,181,204-8,217, Union, 26; and trains, 97 228; and Warsaw ghetto, 156 Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke (daw), Cohen, Joseph, 90 3,54,58-61, 63, 65, 71,74, 77, 91, corpse(s), 176,215; and Dachau concen 110-11,118,122, 260; and anti-Jewish tration camp, 23; and Death Brigade, policy, 54; and Berlin, 57, no; and 210; disposal of, 98,126,150,152,211, Chaim Rosen, 173; and comman 220-21,226; in Galicia, 221; and Lviv, dants, 66; and construction, 239; 28,196; at prisons, 32 and German Equipment Works Czechoslovakia, 36,128, 237 (Lviv), 53; and guard force, 64; and Death Brigade (Janowska sk 1005), 210, Holocaust, 9,54; and Janowska Gustav Willhaus, 77,201; and the 212,218-19,228,242,246; and Alexan camps, 79,129,197,223-24; and der Schwarz, 261; and body disposal, Jews, 3,59,72; and Lublin, 55-56, 340 Index
6o; and Lviv, 6o, 79, 261-62; and Eastern Front, 20, 41, 95,172, 203 origins, 54; and prisoners, 70-71,111; Eichmann Trial, 12,101,149,250 and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg Eismann, Yehuda, 223 (zal-L), 121,169,177,190,197. See escape: and Auschwitz, 54; and Death also Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke- Brigade, 7,246; andjanowska, 65, Lemberg (daw-L); Gebauer, Fritz; 80,130,147,157,159-60,162,167,203, Schutzstaffel (ss) 255-56; and Jews, 38,120,130,132, Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke-Lemberg (daw-L), 3,54-56,60,62,64,74, 142,196, 223,225-26, 234,265 execution(s), 261; and Adolfo Kolon- 76-77; as closed camp, 95; and daily cko, 251; and Death Brigade, 214; and life, 66; and employees, 72; and Janowska, 8-9,68,135,137-39,161- German civilians, 73; and Gustav 62,168,175,186,201,207,228,231; and Willhaus, 109; and Helene Kaplan, julag, 59; and hybridity, 9; and women, 72; and Lviv, 27, 217, 266; and Piaski, 159; and World War II, 67 and the Sands, 121,125,135,154; and Dirlewanger Brigade, 193 disease, 49, 83, 88-89,158, 218 205; and Leon Wells, 240; Schutzstaffel (ss), 216 expropriation, 47-48, 86,118,127,143 Distrikt Galizien, 40,59, 79-80,107, 122,131,134,188,211; and anti-Jewish Final Solution: and ghettos, 133; and policy, 45; and concentration camps, Janowska, 129,137,202,264; and 189; and Death Brigade, 216; and Lviv, 45,100; and Nazi authorities, doctors, 49,90; and ghettos, 133, 133, 203; and Odilo Globocnik, 55; 206,267; and Heinrich Himmler, and Reinhard Heydrich, 36,49,95, 100; and highway, 50; and Jews, 137, 211 202-3,208; and killing sites, 138; and ist Gebirgsjäger Division, 29
Nazi authority, 42; and police, 109; Folkmann, Adolf, 30, 40, 92,107,124, and ss officers, 43,190,193,201; and workers, 101 Drix, Samuel: and camp guards, 123; 125, 205, 206 forced labor, 54,61,76,103,110,117,133; and daw camps, 55,65; and Distrikt and family, 25; and ghettos, 99, 207; Galizen, 59; andjanowska, 122-24, andjanowska, 106,134,145,150,152, 260, 264; and Lipowa daw camp, 155,260; and Leon Wells, 234; and Lviv, 22-23, 87, 99 101; as physician, 60; and Nazi policy, 86 forced labor camps, 118,134,195; con 88, 90,130,143,158; and sexual vio struction of, 100; andjanowska, 9, lence, 182; and violence, 149 80; and Lviv, 2, 9, 242; and Tarnopol, Drohobycz, 197,255 Durchgangstrasse IV (d g IV), 10,50, 76,100,106,122,126,194,205,222 197, !99j and ZwangsarbeitslagerLemberg (zal-L), 4 14th ss Galizien Division, 230, 262 Index 341
14th Waffen-SS Grenadier Division, 230 89; and Roman Kampf, 69,147; and Fox, Paul, 125,168,190,192-93,198,200, Schutzstaffel (ss), 72,147; and trial 207,246,254 of, 75,109, 256-57; and violence, Friedman, Philip, 12 176-77; and Willi Monz, 239-40; funereal building, 1 and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg Fur Aktion, 47-48 (ZAL-L), 70-71,109,111,236 the General Government, 89; and Galicia (Western Ukraine), 5; and Aus August Aktion, 103; and concentra trian Empire, 17; and concentration tion camps, 80,224; and Distrikt camps, 197,211; and Eastern region, Galizien, 40,42,45,59,101,107,211; 39,211; and gas chambers, 264; and and Emissionsbank, 129; and Final the Holocaust, 10-11,42,197,201,203; Solution, 137; and forced labor, and Judenrein, 128; and Jews, 16,19, 60; and Friedrich Krüger, 212; and 131, US, 200-202, 208,266; and Lviv, Hans Frank, 80, 237; and Heinrich 18,50,211; and Nazi policy, 13; and Himmler, 138,203,206,222; and Poland, 21,185; and Prince Danylo, 15; Holocaust survivors, 70; and Nazi and Soviet Union, 20; and violence, policy, 13, 76; and Odilo Globocnik, 44; 211 55; and Operation Reinhard, 96; and Gebauer, Fritz: and arrest, 246; and Chaim Rosen, 173; and Deutsche overlord, 43; and Soviet Union, 97; and Ukrainian police, 44 Ausrüstungswerke (daw), 53, German ist Mountain Division, 24, 33 57, 62, 67-68, 72, 74,76,79, 9F German (language), 12,81,119,127,257; 131,146,162,201; and Deutsche newspapers, 115, 247 Ausrüstungswerke-Lemberg German Moloch, 5 (daw-L), 55? 59-62; 64, 66,73; 75; Germany, 11,63,74,85,92,112,116,126, and Eugenia Maas, 4; and Fried
208,235,238, 265; and administrators, rich Katzmann, 77,106,110; and 80; and Adolf Hitler, 40; and Alfred Friedrich Warzock, 255; and Gisela Rosenberg, 49; and Army, 24,27, Urbach, 185; and Gustav Willhaus, 29-30,32-35,37,48,89-90,104,130, 91,106,109,110,112-13,122,167,174; 209, 212; and August Aktion, 148; and Helene Kaplan, 183; and Hugo and Austria, 20; authorities, 38; and Bleines, 256; and imprisonment, Bomlitz, 44; and bureaucracy, 43; 256; andjanowksa, 158, 255-57; and and citizens, 90; and concentration Janowksa Street, 54, 66; and Karl camps, 4,37,54, 62, 68,71,96,179, Melchior, 162,171; and Leon Wells, 185,266; and courts, 257; and culture, 185; and Liesel Willhaus, 245; life 154; and Death Brigade, 210,244; of, 56; and Lviv, 3,58,63-64; and and Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke murder, 173,176; and Nazi Party, 57, (daw), 72-73; and East Germany, 342 Index
гуу, 255; and economy, 6, 9; and 183; and Soviet Secret Police (gpu), Egon Höller, 86; and Einsatzgruppe 26; and torture, 166; and Ukrainian D, 247; and empire, 64; and ethnic police, 38,47,104; and Walter Schal- Germans, 115-18,189; and Europe, lock, 242 94,178; and Galicia, 43-44; and ghettoization, 48-49,79, 81-82, 85, 87 German Equipment Works, 53; and ghettos, 62,72,103,107,149,158; and government, 192,241-42; and Holo aktions, 102,104-5, 128,131,204; caust, 186,241-42; and hospitals, 90; benches, 23; and Boryslaw, 133; and and Hungary, 115-16,178,183-84; community, 47; and concentration and infrastructure, 193,253; and jails, camps, 203; creation of, 80; and 217; and Janowska camp, 130,241-42, Distrikt Galizien, 206,208,267; and 245-46,260; andjews, 45-46,49, Final Solution, 133; and Friedrich 72,104,123,128,178,185, 204,236, Katzmann, 206-8; and Germans, 85, 243; and Josef Grzimek, 23; and Karl 102; and Gestapo, 104; and Gustav Lasch, 80; and killing sites, 5; and Willhaus, 194; and Holocaust, 151; legal system, 247-49,255-56; and Holocaust memorials to, 262; and Leon Wells, 185,246; and Lviv, 37,46, Janowska, 4, 89-90,99,114,131,138, 65,80,126,129,175; and nationalism, 160,194,207-8; and Jewish Council, 56; and Nazis, 11,13, 96,112,178,185, 83-84, 86-88, 90, 92; andjULAG, 229, 238-47; and occupation (of 204-5; Krakôw, 49; and liquidation Ukraine), 32,36,39-41; and Philipp of, 133,144,194,197,205-6,213, 221, Holzmann, 194; and Poland, 27, 43, 264, 267; Lodz, 94; Lviv, 8,10, 24, 63,115,261; and police, 44, 66,79,132, 50, 46, 48-50,79, 81-84, 87, 90, 92, 233,
242,245-46; and Roman Kami, 97,138,162,189-90,193,203-5, 208, 148; and Schutzstaffel (ss), 72,112, 224,233,263; and March Aktion, 98, 206; and Sicherheitsdienst (sd), 101-3, 207; and Paul Fox, 193; and 104; and Stadthauptmann, 82, 86; Radom, 42,190; and Rudolf Weigl, and Ukraine, 96,229; and Ukrainian 89,104; and Rysiek Axer, 157; and police, 43-44,104-5; and violence, sexual violence, 180; and Ukrainian 39, 45; and Wannsee, 101; and World police, 105,146, 206; and violence, War 1,112; and World War II, 13,27, 83; Warsaw, 150,156, 206, 221; and 203,225-29,234; and Wroclaw, 42 Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg (ZAL- Gestapo, 36,59,93,234,259; and August L), 197 Aktion, 104; and Great Aktion, 5; Gleiwitz, 23 and Heinrish Müller, 210, 217; and Globocnik, Odilo, 58,95,100,106,117, Janowska camp, 222; andjews, 37, 192; and Christian Wirth, 96; and 105; and Lviv, 212; and murder, 37; Distrikt Lublin, 60; as Schutzstaffel and prison, 228; and sexual violence, (ss) officer, 55,118 Index 343
Goebbels, Joseph; 35,49 Great Aktion (1942), 5-7,79,101,104, 106,128,131,135,195,261 Grodek-Jagielloftski, 190,194-95,197, 203,251-52 Grzimek, Jozef, 23,189,193,204-5, 207,254 94; and Gustav Willhaus, 113; and Heinrich Himmler, 50, 94,243; and Italy, 217; and Janowska, 60,252; and Jewish Question, 93; and Lviv, 40; and Poland, 37; and Prison Aktion, 36; and racial ideology, 186; and Saarbrücken, 112 Hitlerism, 24 Hasmonea Lwow sports club, 18 Hitler Youth, 112,117 Hebrew, 1,12, 261-62 Holocaust, 129,145,239,248,250; and Heereskraftfahrzeugpark (икр) 547, 42, 53,130 Heinen, Friedrich, 168,173-75,177,18182,201, 237,255 Heydrich, Reinhard, 36,38,49,64,80, 94-9S, 211, 252 Himmler, Heinrich: and Adolf awareness of, 210; and Babi Yar, 31, 210-11; and concentration camps, no, 165,171; and Distrikt Galizien, 190; experience of, 165,197; and Galicia (Ukraine), 9-11,42,201,203; and ghettos, 213; and Great Aktion, 135; and historians, 134,142,150; and Eichmann, 94; and anti-Jewish Janowska camp, 2, 9-10,79,130,139, policy, 76; and Auschwitz, 211; and 141-42,191,197, 202, 205, 264-67; Belziec, 138; and culpability, 243; and Jewish Council, 92; and Jews, and Distrikt Galizien, 100, 203; 5; and Lviv, 5,12-15,42, 89, 200, and Durchgangstrasse IV (DG IV), 258-59; and mass shootings, 31; and 50; and Einsatzgruppen, 36; and memorials, 262; and Nazis, 84,107, Friedrich Katzmann, 42, 208; and 139,178; perpetrators of, 189, 237; ghettos, 206; and Great Aktion, 106; and “place,” 120; and resistance, 162; and Janowska, 143,172; and Jewish and sexual violence, 179-80,186- resistance, 222; and
julag, 204; and 87; and sites, 2,262-64; and slave Lviv, 38, 76,123; as murderer, 94, 206, labor camp, 122; and Soviet Union, 251; and Odilo Globocnik, 95,106, 44, 235; and survivors, 18,151, 236; 117,192; and Reichsführer s s, 210, and Ukrainian police, 44,257; and 221; and Schutzstaffel (ss), 54,172, victims, 211; and violence, 26,174,176 208-9; and Sobibor, 222; and Soviet Holocaust survivors: and Arnon Union, 64; and Third Reich, 54, 243; Rubin, 18; and Auschwitz, 182; trial of, 251-52; and Wehrmacht, 116 Hirshhorn, Bernard, 4,59, 67-69,71, 91,126 Hitler, Adolf, 252; and allegiance, 138; defeat of, 239; and deportations, 344 Index and David Kahane, 152; and Death Brigade, 240; and deportations, 98; and Deutsche AusrüstungswerkeLemberg (daw-L), 74,167; and extermination camps, 134; and Frie-
drich Warzok, 229; and Fritz Geb 13; and empire, 8,9,50,178,263; and auer, 58, 60-61,69,75,146,173; and Gestapo, 93; and ghettos, 4, 86, 88, ghetto, 149; and Gustav Willhaus, 160, 208; and hybridity, 121; and 113,125,171; and Helene Kaplan, 72; Jewish clothing, 128,129; and Jewish and Hilde Bluhm, 151; and humil intellectuals, 153-54; and Jewish iation, 128,181; and International labor, 86,100,126,197,213; and Jew- Auschwitz Committee, 257; and ish victims, 51, 99~Ю5; 13b 48, 153, Janowska, 41,128,143,157-58,169, 179,204, 217-19,224, 264-66; and 197,218,240,261; and Karl Melchior, kapos, 144; as killing center, 111,134- 243-44; and Leon Wells, 113; and 36,138-39,158; liquidation of, 161, 221, Liesel Willhaus, 114; and Lviv, 222,226, 227,228, 231; and murders, 32; and mass shootings, 135; and 89,101-2,130,135-36,138-39; 169; memoirs, 7; and Michal Borwicz, 171,177,187, 211-12, 216, 223, 253; and 190; and Nazis, 32; and Peter Blum, music, 154-55; and opening, 60; and 138,178, 249; and Philip Friedman, perpetrator network, 197-202; and 12; and Ravensbrück camp, 180; and perpetrators, 122,138,195,237-39, recollections, 61,75,125,128,149-50, 249, 252-53; and physical reality, 158,221,224; and the Sands, 135; and 203; and Piaski, 83,138; and Polish sexual violence, 184; and skilled victims, 90; and prisoner society, laborers, 71; and testimony, 102,141, 142,147; and rabbis, 175; and sexual 175) 256,265; and violence, 124-25; violence, 165,179-82,186-88; and and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg slave labor, 50,122,123; and Soviet (zal-L), 7-8,70,113 inspection, 235; and Soviet use,
259-60; and staff, 191; and Stanislawa Jäcklein, Josef, 132-33 Gogolowska, 165; and surveillance, Jaktorôw camp, 44,193,198,207, 222, 152; survivors of, 72,124,141,156,165- 254 Janow-Lwowski, 133 66,169,176,179,190,19З; 133-34; 136, Janowska camp, 2,12,31,54,79; and as transit prison, 260; and trials of 240,261-62; as transit camp, 130-33; afterlife, 258-62; and aktions, 7, perpetrators, 11,166,241-45,249-58; 103-4,106; and Appellplatz, 114; and and Ukrainian victims, 90; and urban Asocial Aktion, 131; and Belzec, 10, geography, 265,266. See also Death 137; and body disposal, 211-12; and Brigade (Janowska SK 1005); Deut Buchenwald, 178; and construction, sche Ausrüstungswerke-Lemberg 67,124; and current day, 2; and daily (daw-L); Jewish resistance; Lviv life, 176; and death toll, 2,138,208, Trial; Nazi Party; Schutzstaffel 217, 264; and Distrikt Galizien, 107, (ss); Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg 122,133,201-2; and documentation, (zal-L) Index 345
Janowska Street, 53,54,74; and German Kahane, Rabbi David, 107,145,159; military, 24,29,42; and Jews, 14, and Aktions, 106,128; and Carl 153; and Schutzstaffel (ss), 51; and Wöbke, 104; and deportations, 105; Steinhaus company, 56; and survi and diary, 156, 263; and extermina vors, 6,263 tion camps, 99; and Gestapo, 93; Jehovah’s Witnesses, 54 and ghettos, 92,204; and Gustav Jewish Council (Judenrat), 71; and Aid Willhaus, 170,175; as historian, Committee, 91; and Adolf Roth 18; as Holocaust survivor, 152-53, feld, 82; and ghetto, 84, 86, 88, 92; 263; andjewish property, 48; and and Holocaust, 92; and hospitals, Leon Wells, 156; and Lviv, 37,85, 92, 88; and Housing Office, 83; and 103; and music, 155; and Ukrainian Janowska, 90,204; and Jewish Labor police, 33 Office, 3; andjewish registration, Kalymon, Ivan, 44,46,102,104,206, 79; and Josef Parnas, 46-47; and Lviv, 84; and March Aktion, 101; and 239) 257 Kampf, Roman, 69-70,145-48 Nazi authorities, 101,133,204; and Kaplan, Helene, 28,59, 68,72,74-75, services, 87; and subdivisions, 47; and Zloczôw, 210 Jewish resistance, 6,8,13,209,212; armed, 151,160; artistic, 153,155; 150,183 Katz, Aron, 225 Katz, Steven, 187 Katzmann, Friedrich: and anti-Jewish defensive, 157; diversity of, 150-51; policy, 42,76; and Asocial Aktion, and Janowska, 148,150,159,161-63, 97; and Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke 223-24,265; and mass revolts, 151, (daw), 110; and Durchgangstrasse 159,162,222-24,228,233; symbolic, IV (dg IV), 100,106; and ghettos, 152; and Warsaw ghetto, 206-7, 221 Jewish tombstones (matzevot), 1-2, 6, 120,126,216,258 Judaism,
18,152 julag, 204, 205, 208; andjewish 221; and Gustav Willhaus, 75-77, 110,113,172,195-96,201,208-9; and Janowska, 100,117,122,200-201,206, 211; and Judenrat, 47; and JULAG, 204-6,208; and Lviv, 76, 80-81,190, resistance, 206; and Jozef Grzymek, 195,208,211-12,234; as murderer, 189, 230, 244 207; and Nazi authorities, 122; and July Days (pogrom), 31-32,36, 45,53 prosecution, 258; as Schutzstaffel's justice (postwar), 246; and constraints, (ss), 42,48-49,59,178; and slave 248; and Friedrich Warzok, 210; and labor camps, 106,122; and Ukrainian German justice system, 241, 243, police, 104; and Zwangsarbeitslager 255-57; and Janowska perpetrators, (zal), 109; and Zwangsarbeitslager- 11, 239, 244; and Lviv Trial, 252, 254; and Simon Wiesenthal, 234 346 Index Lemberg (zal-L), 209 Kessler, Edmun, 29,39, 85-86,149,235
Kleparôw station, 4,7,10,2$, 27,29,70, 97,10s, 106,110,120,124,125,131-32, 148,229,261 Kolomea, 132-33 Kolonko, Adolf, 64,200,213; and Allgemeine-ss, 63; and August Aktion, 145; and Deutsche Aus rüstungswerke (daw), 65,73, 111; 92, 95,101,103-4,110, 117-18,129, 205,264; menial, 70; physical, 143; sites of, 10; skilled, 60,71,86,142; slave, 3-4, 8-9,50,54,100,106, 121-24,125-26,129-31,139,190; and Tarnopol, 197; unskilled, 142. See also forced labor Lasch, Karl, 42; and Adolf Rothfeld, and Gustav Willhaus, 195-96; and 85; and anti-Jewish policy, 46,81; Janowska Camp, 117,189-90,192, and Breslau (Wroclaw), 42; and 194,196-98, 225—26, 251, 267; and Distrikt Galizien, 80; and Friedrich Jewish prisoners, 5,161,194; and Katzmann, 42,81; and ghettos, 49; Lviv, 196; as murderer, 5,174,182, and Lviv, 82; and Otto Wächter, 43; 196,250; and Peter Blum, 239,246, 251,254; and prosecution, 250-51, 254; and Richard “Rysiek” Axer, 145; and Radom, 49; and Ukraine, 44 Levi, Primo, 130,142,146,150-51,165, 182, 214 and Roman Schönbach, 117,174,192, Lewinter, Herman, 8,127,156 200; as Schutzstaffel (ss) officer, Löhnert, Anton, 138,195-96, 213, 242, 5, 73,114,192; and Silesia, 63; and Ukrainians, 196; and US Army, 237; 252 Lubasz, Bronia, 8 and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg Lubasz, Marcel, 8,160,223 (zal-L), 190 Ludwigsburg, 244,246,258 Korn, Moische, 127, 215-16, 219, 227, 235 Lueg auto company, 129-30 Krakow, 77,81,162, 213,221; and ghetto, Lviv, 1,16, 26, 28, 31, 36-37,44,153, 49; and Hans Frank, 40; and Holo 158-59,197,202, 267; and Aktions, caust victims, 116; andjagiellonion 102-3,106-7;
and anti-Jewish policy, University, 37; and Montelupich 9, 45 76,79; and Belzec, 99,128, prison, 231; and Plaszôw concentra 138,145; and Death Brigade, 214; tion camp, 230; and Pustkôw camp, and Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke 117 Kroch, Izak, 1 (daw), 53,56, 60, 63, 65-66,77; and Distrikt Lublin, 44; and Forced Labor Camp-Lviv, 2,9,60; and gas labor, 3, 27, 59, 62,114,127,130,145,179; chambers, 99; and German Army, brigades, 144,150; and concentra 130; and German Equipment Works, tions camps, 57,100,109,121,157,191, 53; and German population, 29-30, 193-94; 197; force, 61,71; free, 134; 35, 44,58,129, 228, 230; and Gestapo, andjaktorow, 193; andjanowska, 37 40, 211-12; ghetto, 24, 46, 49-50, 134; 155; Jewish, 10-11, 45, 82, 85-86, 79, 81, 84-85, 87, 90-91,138,189-90, Index 347
Lviv (cont.) 193-94, юз-4,114; and the Holo Maas, Eugenia, 4,75 Majdanek camp, 177; and death toll, caust, 12-13,15,18,135,200; and 11,134; and gas chambers, 224; and Jewish Council, 47, 92; andjewish Janowska, 135,190; and Lublin, 228, Labor Office, 3; andjewish popula 264; and Michal Borwicz, 109; and tion, 2,4-5,7-9,14-16,18-21,23-25, preservation, 259; and prisoners, 33-34, 39,44-47,5°, 60, 72,75, 222; size of, 58 80-83, 94, 97-100,103,106,132,135, 203-6, 208, 211, 233-35,139,252, 256, March Aktion, 97-99,101,103,127,131, 207 258-59,262; and julag, 230; and Maria Zankovetska Theatre, 1 labor camps, 242; and Lviv Flying mass executions, 5,128, 212 Club, 41; and Lviv Opera House, 17, mass shootings, 5,31,60,136,170-72, 25-26,103; and Lviv Philharmonic, 206,217,220,223,227,245; and Adolf 154; and Nazis, 32,38,41-42,48,79, Kolonko, 192,225,250; and Babi Yar, 90,100-101,129,138,160,195-96,229, 31,211; and Gustav Willhaus, 175, 246, 264; and newspapers, 20; and 181,193,196; and Janowska camp, 10, occupation of, 40-41; and Philip 103,136-38,154; andjews, 10,103, Friedman, 12; and Poland, 21-22; 133, 213; and Leon Wells, 135; and Police, 100; and police academy, 43; Lviv, 54,137-38; and Makdanek, 11, and Polonization, 17; Polytechnic 134; and Piaski, 83,159,174, 208; and University, 111; and prisons, 28,32; Plaszôw camp, 169; and shooting and railways, 95-96,131,175; and pits, 145,160,163,208; and Ukrainian Schutzstaffel (ss) officers, 51, 63, police, 104,162; and Waffen-ss, 116; 97,117,146,191; and slave labor, and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg 123,129; and Soviet Union, 25-27,
(ZAL-L), 184 30-31,229,238; and transit prisons, matzevah, 2 260; and typhus vaccine, 89; and May Aktion, 102 urban geography, 265; and Wannsee Mickiewicz, Adam, 17 Conference, 95,100; and Warsaw, Miedziehski, Tomasz, 132,133 162,206,221; and Wehrmacht, 113; Mohwinkel, Wolfgang, 59,61-62; and and womens camps, 148. See also Janowska camp Lviv Trial, 11-12, 241, 245-49, 252 Janowska, 58-59; and Lipowa, 54,59, 118; and Lublin, 56,59,61; and Lviv, 56,60; as Schutzstaffel (ss) officer, 53; 61 254-55 Lwow, 125,154, 255 Moloch, 5 Lychakivska Penal Colony Number Monz, Willie, 63,239-40 30,2 Lyczakow forest camp, 223 348 Index Môsciska, 133 Munich, 236,239-40, 244,247
music, 17,36; German, 183,225,239; jazz, 49-50,119,210; and concentration 160; Jewish musicians, 18, 48,153-56, camps, 2,7,9,13-14,16,65,69,72-73, 226-27, 257; and Nazis, 69; and Peter 75,101-6, no, 115-116,119,121-123, Blum, 116; and Richard Rokita, 48, 119,1ЗЗ-35,139,142-43,151-52,157, 143; and Roman Kampf, 146 159-60,165-66,178,194, 201, 212, 216, Mutual Aid Organization for Former Waffen-ss Member (hiag), 242-43 219,221-22,224,228,263,266; and denazification, 241-42; and empire, 119,188,263; and genocide, 107,121, National Socialist Motor Corps (nskk), 102,104 Nazi crimes: and Adolf Kolonko, 190; 137,141,150,157,192,203,237-38,261, 264; history of, 1,24, 27,32,38-43, 45, 47, 82, 84, 86-90, 93,100,107,138, and atonement, 257; and Belzec, 229,246,262; ideology of, 57,125, 60; concealment of, 31,210,216; and 143,186-87,189; and Jewish Council, complicity, 243; documentation of, 84,92,204; and Jewish Question, 157; and geography, 169; and Hans 210; and Jewish resistance, 206,223- Sobotta, 255; investigation of, 235, 24; and julag, 205; and murder, 83, 244; at Janowska, 156; and Leop 102,131; and Nazi-Soviet pact, 24; old Zimmerman, 149; and Liesel and newspapers, 112; and paramili Willhaus, 170; and Lviv, 203,265; and tary formations, 119; and Peter Blum, Kulparkow, 90; and Paul Blobel, 237; 127; and Piaski, 83; and pogroms, 33, and prosecution of, 244,247-48, 39,135; and Poland, 30, 96,117, 221; 250-52,254-55, 57, 165; and punish and propaganda, 35, 39; prosecution ment, 257; recollection of, 158; and of, 243-48,250,257-58,265; and Samuel Drix, 182; and Schutzstaffel
Rheinfront, 112; and sexual violence, (ss), 60,242; and sexual crimes, 186; 183; and Soviet Union, 28, 230, 235- and Tarnopol, 245; and Waffen-ss, 36,259-60; and synagogues, 39; and 242; witnesses to, 219 Ukrainians, 12,53,65,77,105 Nazi Party, 55,64,112,152,166,240; actions of, 7-8,13-14, 3b 49, 76, 94- Nazi propaganda, 35,39,57,235,241,247 Nuremburg Trial, 237 95,123,134,178, 210, 214, 218, 225, 237; and administrators, 4,35, 38, 40-42, 43 45, 48,50,54,57-60, 75,79-81,84, 89,101,103,112,117,122,138,192, 212, 218,250,255; and Adolf Hitler, 186, Operation Reinhard, 11, 96-97,100,211, 264 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (oUn), 22, 44 239; and Aktions, 103-4; and amidah, 151; and anti-Jewish policy, 9,59, physicians: concentration camp, 91,159, 175, 209; and antisemitism, 171, 267; 161, 249; and Distrikt Galizien, 90; and Askaris, 64; and colonial policy, Jewish, 18,34,38, 88, 89-90,158; Index 349
physicians (cont.) and Joachim Reichler, 89; and German military, 33-34,63-64,230, 233; and German Schutzpolizei (city Maximilian Kurzrock, 158; and police), 66; and Gestapo, 222; and Nazi ideology, 143; prisoner, 71; ghettos, 204; and Gisela Urbach, 185; and Samuel Drix, 143; and Wilhelm and Gustav Willhaus, 75,109,208; Dopheide, 49 and Janowska, 218; Jewish, 47, 82, Piaski (sands), 4-5, 83,135,159 92,100-101,205; and Lviv, 22,26,36, Plazôw, 74,169,183,189, 230,266 44,79,100,117,214,224,227-28,258; pogroms, 19-21,30-31,33-36,38, 39-40,135 Poland, 15,17-20,233,235; and anti Polish policy, 45; and Army, 21; and Catholics, 262; and citizens, 47-48, 60, 83,118; and Council to Aid Jews, and Nazis, 27,48,133, 260; and Odilo Globocnik, 95-96,118; and Peter Blum, 246; and Poland, 22; Soviet, 26; Ukrainian, 33-34,38-39, 43-46, 66, 83, 89, 97,102,104-5,160, 206, 161; and culture, 22; and Czeslaw 239, 257; and Walter Schallock, 213; and Willi König, 215 Milosz, 267; and Delegatura, 99- Polish (language), $, 12,40,63,81,124,258 100; and Gustav Willhaus, 209; and Prison Aktion, 31,35-36 intelligentsia, 37-38; and Jews, 47, 83, prisoner functionaries, 63, 69,123,126, 107,118,152; andjozef Grzimek, 189; ИЗ, 146 prisoners, 4,251-52; and Adolf and laborers, 72, 95-97; and lot airline, 41; and Lviv, 24,27,31-32,34, Kolonko, 5,161,250; and Aid Com 43; 83, 89-90; and nationalists, 36; and Nazis, 192; and Polish Radio, mittee, 91; and Auschwitz, 149,154; 154; and Polish supremacy, 1$; and 13, no, 134; and Dachau, 123; and politics, 22,36; and Polonization, 22; Death Brigade, 212-20,223; and
and prisoners, 126; and Przemysl, 230; and resistance, 26; and Roman death runs, 135; and deportation, 6; and Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke Schönbach, 117-18; and Soviet occu (daw), 62-65,72,74, 91, no, 162; and concentration camps, 5, 9-10, pation, 23-26; and Ukraine, 16, 44; and Deutsche Ausrüstungswerke- and universities, 23. See also Polish Lemberg (daw-L), 66-74; and (language) disease, 10; and Eichmann Trial, 12; police, 55,161,172,220,240,256; and escapes of, 203; female, 180-82; and Adolf Kolonko, 190; and Death Fritz Gebauer, 57-58, 62, 91,167-68, Brigade, 227-28; and Friedrich 175-76,256; and ghetto, 90,207; and graves, 236; and Gustav Willhaus, 75, Katzmann, 75,178,208,221; and Weise, 79-80; German, 42,132- 121,124,128,196; andjaktorow, 193; and Janowska, 41,57-58,105,115,119, 33,205,217, 222,225-26,242,252; 123-27,132-33,135,139,141, ИЗ-44, Friedrich Krüger, 212; and Fritz 350 Index
147-49,151,153-60,163,166-74, Rogowski, Marian, 45,106,159,168,250 178-79, 193, 202, 207-8, 210, 213-14, Rokita, Richard, 239,249; and ghettos, 227-31,234,166; and Kleparôw 194; and Gustav Willhaus, 148,168; freight station, 120,124-25; as labor and Janowska, 48,106,153; and Leon ers, 54,114,127-30,139; and Leon Wells, 185; as murderer, 7,150,160, Richman, 102; and Leon Wells, 137, 245-46; and music, 153-54; and 152,176; and Lipowa daw camp, 60; Roman Kampf, 146-48; as Schutz and Lviv, 8-9,13, 26, 28, 60-62,111, staffel (ss) officer, 6,110,143, 225, 129,145-46; murder of, 10,28, 32, 246; and sexual violence, 185; and 113,136, 245,253; and music, 155; and Tarnopol, 197,199; and torture, 182; Paul Fox, 125; political, 32,138; and and Zwangsarbeitslager (zal), 192 prisoner society, 142,148; and pris Rosen, Chaim, 4-5,169,173 oners of war, 41-42, 64, 94,192; and Rosenberg, Alfred, 35,49 resistance, 150-52,157, 225-26, 261, Roth, Joseph, 16 265; and Richard Rokita, 168; and Rothfeld, Adolf, 46-47, 82,85 Roman Kampf, 145-48; and slave Rothkirch, Edwin Graf von, 31 labor, 8; and Sobibor uprising, 222; Rückerl, Adalbert, 244 and stalag 328, 41; torture of, 171, i73-74 180-88; and Treblinka, 222; Sammelplatz, 5-7 and violence, 166,180, 257; and “vita Schallock, Walter, 219-21,249; and min work,” 124; and Zeev Porath, 6; Death Brigade, 184,212,216,218,246; and Zwangsarbeitslager (zal), 111; and Gestapo, 212; andjanowska, 212, and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg 218,242; and Johann Rauch, 213; and (zal-L), 4,7,224 Leon Wells, 215 Professor Aktion, 215 Schönbach, Roman, 199-200; arrest
of, 246; and Grodek-Jagielloiiski, rabbis, 93,174,175,178; and David 190,19s; andjanowska, 119,125,175, Kahane, 18,33, 37, 85, 92, 93, 99, 263; 192,196,239; andjanowska Street, and Death Brigade, 152; and Rabbi 117; lawyer of, 249; and Lublin, 118; Feibish, 153; and Stephen Wise, 210 rape: and Holocaust, 179; and Janowska, 179-80,187-88; mass, as murderer, 168-69, 174, 207-8; prosecution of, 249, 251-54; release of, 237; and violence, 125 184; and sexual violence, 179-80, Schutzpolizei, 44,66, 81 183; sites of, 181; systematic, 165; as Schutzstaffel (s s), 23, 43,53,96,119, torture, 166 121,129,141-43,221,239; and Adolf Rauch, Johann, 213,215, 217,220,240- Kolonko, 5,111,114,189-90,267; 41, 244 Redner, Marek, 30,34, 48-49,104 and Aktions, 98,131,195; and Allge- meine-ss, 117; and anti-Jewish policy, Index 351
Schutzstaffel (s s) (cont.) Sobibor Trial, 245 47) 54 S9 ЮЗ, 203-4; and concentra Sobibor uprising, 222 tion camps, 7,54-55, 60, 62,72-73, Sobieski III, Jan, 17,40 110,124,126,129,136,162,172,182,219, Sobotta, Hans: and Grôdek- 230; and forced labor, 51,100; and Jagiellohski, 195; and Janowska, 136- Janowska camp, 10,237; and Jews, 5, 37,193,196, 247, 252; and Lublin, 192; 31, 47,51,53, 69,122-23,136,143,146, and Paul Fox, 190,192, 246; prosecu 151,154-56,166, 210, 213, 214, 233, 250, tion of, 254-55; as Schutzstaffel (ss) 257; and officers, 3,31,42,50,55-58, officer, 193,196; and Selbstschutz, 62, 66, 68,70,73-77, 91,105-6,110- 192 12,114,125,146-48,153,173,175-76, social networks, 197-202 192-97,200-209, 211-13,116,222,234, Sonderkommando 1005 (SK1005), 211, 236, 238,246,251,255; and operations, 237,240,242,247,254. See also Death 67,130,159-60,162,167,215-21; and Brigade (Janowska sk 1005) sexual violence, 161,181-88; and Sonderkommandos, 98; Auschwitz, social network, 13; and survivors, 72, 213; and liquidation, 219, 227; and 145,173,114; and torture, 166,171-72, Sonderkommando 4a, 31,36; and 179,181-82,220,266; and Ukrainian Sonderkommando 4b, 36; and police, 97,102,104,206; and Ukraini Sonderkommando 1005,211,237, ans, 38,83,110,135,138,146,196; and 240,242,247,254 violence, 6-7,23,37-38,67-68,94, Soviet crimes, 39 105,110,137-38,145,149,155-57,159, Soviet Extraordinary State Commis 161,165,167-68,177-78,181,190-91, 207,215,222-25,233,252-54,257; and womens camps, 161,207. See also sion (esc), 235 Soviet Union: and Adolf Hitler, 94; and Alfred Rosenberg, 35; and
Lviv; Waffen-SS; Zwangsarbeitslager- anti-Jewish violence, 39; and Lemberg (zal-L) Austro-Hungarian Empire, 20; and Schwarz Aktion, 205 counteroffensives, 72; and East Schwarzarbeitern, 4,68-71,73 Germany, 255; and Eichmann Trial, 2nd ss Panzer Division, 64 12; and Einsatzgruppen, 36; and Ger Selbstschutz (Self-Defense), 117-18,192, mans, 12, 68,99,238; and Germany, 193,200 35, 64, 68,238; government, 68; and sexualized violence, 142,179-82 Heinrich Himmler, 64; and hinter sexual violence, 13,141-42,179-80,183, land, 80; and Holocaust, 262; and 187-88, 266 invasion of, 193; and Janowska, 53, 6th ss Mountain Division, 236 64) 193-94) 211, 221, 235-36, 259-61; Sobibor extermination center, 65,96, and Jews, 35) 93) 95) 97-98) 235; and 132,204,211 352 Index Leon Wells, 102; and Lviv, 22,24,30,
98,229; and Michail Javorskiij, 143; 99; of Leon Wells, 101,226,250; of and military, 21; and murders, 259; Leopold Zimmerman, 135; and Lviv, and Nazis, 230,238; and occupation 153, 246; of Marian Rogowski, 250; of Lviv, 24-28,31; and Peter Blum, and Martin Büttner, 167; and Nazi 229; and Poland, 24-26; and Pravda, trials, 250,253; and Otto Walter, 251; 100; and prisoners of war, 41,94,192; perpetrator, 98; and Peter Blum, and prisons, 33-34; and Red Army, 183-84; and Roman Schönbach, 253; 235,241; and Reinhard Heydrich, 36; of Rosa Kohn, 186; and sexualized and Second Polish Republic, 21; and violence, 180; and Simon Wiesen Soviet Bloc, 245; and Ukraine, 21, thal, 174; of Stanislawa Gogolowska, 44; and Ukrainian guards, 257-58; 90,111,165; of Ukrainians, 162; video, and Ukrainian Jews, 11; as victims, 24; ofYankel Schudrich, 153 32; and Walter Schallock, 211-12; and 13th Croatian Waffen-SS Division, 236 Wehrmacht, 55 13th Waffen-ss Mountain Division, 209 ss-und Polizeiführer (sspf), 42,48-49, 55,59, 76,119, 222 torture, 38,168; and Gestapo, 166; and Gustav Willhaus, 91,168,174; Stars of David, 1 and Heinrich Himmler, 172; and Steinhaus Company 25, 27,56 Holocaust, 162,168; andjaktorow, Stets’ko, Yaroslav, 32 193; and Janowska, 124,141,165,168, Stroop, Jürgen, 205-8 176,182,187-88, 261; mental, 124; and Michal Borwicz, 173; physical, 124; Tarnopol, 24,100,131,197,199,205,213, 222 Tarnopol Trial, 245,247,249 of prisoners, 141,149; and Reinhard camps, 179; and Schutzstaffel (ss), 166; and victims, 171 Technical Office, 4,111,126,142,144-45, Trawniki, 64-66, 95-96,
98,189-90,192, 156-57,162 Tempel Progressive synagogue, 5,39 198-99; 224 Treblinka, 96,156,177, 211, 222,245 testimony: ofAbraham Goldberg, 99, Trestle Aktion, 83,101 249; ofAdolfKolonko, 192; and typhus, 49, 68, 85, 88-89, 91,104,125,158 Anton Löhnert, 252; of Bernard Hirschhorn, 71; and Elie Wiesel, 234; Ukraine: and anti-Jewish policy, 33- eyewitness, 253; of Fritz Gebauer, 34, 68; and ethnic minorities, 64; 71,109,257; and Georg Gilke, 45; as foremen, 68; and Germans, 41, and Gustav Willhaus, 169,171; of 43-44; and guards, 96,125,135,138, Holocaust survivors, 13,102,141,165, 162,166,176,194, 214; and Janowska 167,171,179, 228, 234,246, 256,262, camp, 90,143,176,228; and Jews, 15- 265; and Janowska, 141,156,165,176, 16,18,33-35,37-38, 83,110,122,126, 179,188,246,265; of Klara Szpilka, 162,194; and Lviv, 12,17-18,38, 90; Index 353
Ukraine (cont.) Wachsmann, Nikolaus, 177 and militia, 32, 47,161,196; and Wächter, Otto, 43,49 nationalists, 16,29-30,32,34, 38,262; Waffen-ss, 36, 62-63,113,116-18,173, and Nazis, 32, 43,53,146, 259; and 191,230,242 Organization of Ukrainian Nation Walter, Otto, 251 alists (oun), 22; and Poland, 20-22, Warzok, Friedrich, 176,197,200,209- 40,143; and police, 39-40,44-46, 66, 83,89-90,97,102,104-5,160, 206,239,257; as prisoners, 228; and 10,222,224-25,228-30, 236,238,255, 258 Wehrmacht, 44,245; and corruption, rail lines, 88,- and Schutzstaffel (ss), 67; and Gustav Willhaus, 113; and 230; and Soviet Union, 20-22, 26; Heinrich Himmler, 116; and Jews, and students, 19-20; and Ukrainian 31; and Lviv, 30,33,37; and prisoner Communist Party, 25; and Ukrainian brigades, 130; and prisoner of war Military Organization (umo), 22; camp stalag 328,41; soldiers, 47, and Ukrainian Nachtigall Battalion, 242; and Soviet territory, 28,55; and 32; and United Ukrainian Amer Ukrainians, 29; and violence, 33; and ican Relief Committee, 239; and war criminals, 247 violence, 33-34,39; and volunteer Wells (Weliczker), Leon, 75,157,167,176, guards, 65. See also Galicia (Western 235-36; and AdolfEichmann, 101, Ukraine) 149; and Appellplatz, 124; and David Ukrainian (language), 5,12, 44 Kahane, 156; and Death Brigade, 184, 212-15, 217-20,226; and deposition, Vienna, 5,17-18,20-21,40,186 246; and family, 25,27,84,204,235; violence: and anti-Jewish violence, 39; and ghettos, 103,207; and Gustav ethnic, 233; female perpetrators of, Willhaus, 75,169; and Holocaust 171; and Fritz Gebauer, 167,177; and
survivors, 137; and Janowska, 125,127, General Government, 43; and ghetto 129,137,142,156,185-86,217; and Jew benches, 23; and ghettos, 83; and ish Question, 123; and Johann Rauch, Gustav Willhaus, 112,168,201; and 240; and Lviv, 135,159; 233—34; and Heinrich Himmler, 206; and Holo Majdanek, 222; and memoir, 250; and caust, no, 174; and Janowska, 14,119, Kleparôw, 125; and resistance, 228, 124,141-42,149,165-66,178,188,190, 240; and Richard Rokita, 185, 246; 193,208; and July Days, 45; 53; and and Soviet Union, 102; and Walter Lviv, 15-16, 21, 26,33-34, 81; mass, 35; Schallock, 246; and Yom Kippur, 152; mob, 31; and Nazis, 41,160,264; and and Zwangsarbeitslager-Lemberg pogroms, 31-32; and Prison Aktion, (zal-L), 113 36; sexualized, 179-82; transgressive, West German, 243 175; and Ukrainians, 19,176 West Prussia, 42, 208 354 Index
West Wall, 117 women, 2,5-6, 21,54, 62, 74,114,128, Wiesenthal, Simon, 11-12, 60,129,145, 136,248; and concentration camp staff, 42,73,128; and Death Brigade, 154» 174-75,229-31,234,258 Willhaus, Gustav, 89,124,128,153,183, 217-18; and deportations, 104-5; 266; and Adolf Kolonko, 195-96; and Janowska camp, 7,179,188, 265; and antisemitism, 143; and David Jewish, 2,5-6, 33, 35, 48, 94,104, 131, Kahane, 175; and Death Run, 163,183-84,218; and Nazis, 35,42, 68; and Deutsche Ausrüstung 73; as perpetrators of violence, 127, swerke (daw), 121; and Deutsche 170-71; and prisoners, 146,158,161, Ausrüstungswerke-Lemberg (DAW- 180,183-86,188; and Schutzstaffel’s L), 75-76, 91,109-12; and early life, (ss) and sexual violence, 179-88, 112; and family, 74,170; and Fried 266; as victims of the Holocaust, rich Katzmann, 76-77,109-10,113, 5-8, 94,101-2,163,169,173,179-84, 178,195-96, 201, 208; and Friedrich 196,205,207; and women’s camps, Warzok, 197,209; and ghettos, 103, 8,120,144,148,157-58,161, 207, 223; 144; and Grodek-Jagiellobski, 194, and women’s prisons, 244 252; and Henryk Griffel, 111; and World War 1,18,19,30,38,96,112, 212,221 Janowska, 106,125-26,130,148, World War II, 11-13,16,24,115,172,241 157-59,165,167-72,174-76,201, 206, 209, 256; and Jewish resistance, 162; Yanivski cemetery, 1 and Liesel Willhaus, 114,169-71,245, 249; and Lviv, 76,158,196,208; and Zamarstynowka Street, 5, 88 March Aktion, 103; and Majdanek Zimmerman, 69-70 camp, 177; as murderer, 130,161,169- Zimmerman, Leopold, 127,135,142, 70,174; and Nazi trials, 253,256; and 145-47,149, 207 Zwangsarbeitslager-
Lemberg (ZAL- Paul Fox, 200; and Roman Kampf, 146,148; as Schutzstaffel (ss) officer, L), 2,4,70,113,122,146,169,193, 62,176; and slave labor, 122; and 209,261; and Adolf Folkmann, 205; Soviet Union, 260; and Tarnopol, and Chaim Rosen, 5; and Einsatz 245; and torture, 89,169,177; and gruppen, 176-77; and Grodek- Waffen-ss, 62,75-76,113,236; and Jagiellobski, 197; and hybridity, 9, Wehrmacht, 113; and Zwangsarbeit 139; and Jews, 6, 203; and murder, slager (zal), 66,71,79,109,111,121, 203; and Nazis, 7,193, 224; and 193,195, and Zwangsarbeitslager- oppression, 193; and prisoners, 111, Lemberg (zal-L), 91,209 224; and torture, 184; and women’s Wind, Joseph, 7,32,228,235 section, 184. See also Deutsche Winstone, Martin, 134 Ausrüstungswerke-Lemberg (DAW- Wirth, Christian, 96, 98 L); Janowska camp Index Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 355 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Beorn, Waitman Wade 1977- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1046573853 |
| author_facet | Beorn, Waitman Wade 1977- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Beorn, Waitman Wade 1977- |
| author_variant | w w b ww wwb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049826534 |
| contents | City of lions -- Ein furioso -- The devil's workshop -- "A tragic life" Lviv, October 1941-August 1942 -- Cerberus awakens -- Behind the wires -- Here be monsters -- The spider's web -- Holokaustos -- Testify for us all |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1415866129 (DE-599)BVBBV049826534 |
| era | Geschichte 1941-1944 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1941-1944 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV049826534 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-15T11:04:53Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781496237590 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035166583 |
| oclc_num | 1415866129 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M352 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M352 |
| physical | xiii, 355 Seiten, 26 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20241009 DHB_BSB_FID DHB_IFZ |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSearch | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | University of Nebraska Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Beorn, Waitman Wade 1977- Verfasser (DE-588)1046573853 aut Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv Waitman Wade Beorn Lincoln University of Nebraska Press [2024] xiii, 355 Seiten, 26 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Karten 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier City of lions -- Ein furioso -- The devil's workshop -- "A tragic life" Lviv, October 1941-August 1942 -- Cerberus awakens -- Behind the wires -- Here be monsters -- The spider's web -- Holokaustos -- Testify for us all "Between the Wires tells for the first time the history of Janowska (Lviv, Ukraine), one of the deadliest concentration camps in the Holocaust, by bringing together never before seen evidence and painstakingly detailed research from archives in seven countries and in as many languages" Konzentrationslager Lemberg (DE-588)4554470-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1941-1944 gnd rswk-swf Janowska (Concentration camp) Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) / Ukraine / Lʹviv Jewish ghettos / Ukraine / Lʹviv / History / 20th century Jews / Persecutions / Ukraine / Lʹviv / History / 20th century Lʹviv (Ukraine) / History / 20th century Holocauste, 1939-1945 / Ukraine / Lvov Ghettos / Ukraine / Lvov / Histoire / 20e siècle Juifs / Persécutions / Ukraine / Lvov / Histoire / 20e siècle SOCIAL SCIENCE / Jewish Studies HISTORY / Wars & Conflicts / World War II / European Theater Jewish ghettos Jews / Persecutions Ukraine / Lʹviv 1900-1999 History Konzentrationslager Lemberg (DE-588)4554470-0 b Geschichte 1941-1944 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-4962-3977-8 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-1-4962-3978-5 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Beorn, Waitman Wade 1977- Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv City of lions -- Ein furioso -- The devil's workshop -- "A tragic life" Lviv, October 1941-August 1942 -- Cerberus awakens -- Behind the wires -- Here be monsters -- The spider's web -- Holokaustos -- Testify for us all Konzentrationslager Lemberg (DE-588)4554470-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4554470-0 |
| title | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv |
| title_alt | Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv |
| title_auth | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv |
| title_exact_search | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv |
| title_full | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv Waitman Wade Beorn |
| title_fullStr | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv Waitman Wade Beorn |
| title_full_unstemmed | Between the wires the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv Waitman Wade Beorn |
| title_short | Between the wires |
| title_sort | between the wires the janowska camp and the holocaust in lviv |
| title_sub | the Janowska camp and the Holocaust in Lviv |
| topic | Konzentrationslager Lemberg (DE-588)4554470-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Konzentrationslager Lemberg |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035166583&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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