Perplexing paradoxes: unraveling enigmas in the world around us
This book will examine paradoxes in diverse areas of thought: philosophy, mathematics, physics, economics, political science, psychology, computer science, logic, statistics, linguistics, law, etc. Though the treatment of each paradox is rigorous, the book will be written accessibly with a lighthear...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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New York
Columbia University Press
[2024]
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This book will examine paradoxes in diverse areas of thought: philosophy, mathematics, physics, economics, political science, psychology, computer science, logic, statistics, linguistics, law, etc. Though the treatment of each paradox is rigorous, the book will be written accessibly with a lighthearted and humorous tone so as to keep the reader engaged. Each chapter will focus on a single paradox, structured roughly like so: 1. A question is asked in the context of a story. As an answer, the paradox is presented (which often results in an aha moment). The historical background of the paradox is recounted. 2. The dénouement explains how the paradox is resolved or why there is no resolution. 3. The chapter ends with further remarks, usually contemporary real-world examples or applications of said paradox. Some examples of the paradoxes covered are the Axiom of Choice (Mathematics), Monty Hall Problem (Statistics), Morgenbesser's Paradox (Linguistics), Tea Leaves Paradox (Physics), The Ultimatum Game (Economics), and The Chicken or Egg Question (Evolution) -- |
| Beschreibung: | xviii, 336 Seiten Illustrationen 22,4 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780231213769 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a This book will examine paradoxes in diverse areas of thought: philosophy, mathematics, physics, economics, political science, psychology, computer science, logic, statistics, linguistics, law, etc. Though the treatment of each paradox is rigorous, the book will be written accessibly with a lighthearted and humorous tone so as to keep the reader engaged. Each chapter will focus on a single paradox, structured roughly like so: 1. A question is asked in the context of a story. As an answer, the paradox is presented (which often results in an aha moment). The historical background of the paradox is recounted. 2. The dénouement explains how the paradox is resolved or why there is no resolution. 3. The chapter ends with further remarks, usually contemporary real-world examples or applications of said paradox. Some examples of the paradoxes covered are the Axiom of Choice (Mathematics), Monty Hall Problem (Statistics), Morgenbesser's Paradox (Linguistics), Tea Leaves Paradox (Physics), The Ultimatum Game (Economics), and The Chicken or Egg Question (Evolution) -- | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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CONTENTS Introduction xiii I QUOTIDIAN RIDDLES: MAKING SENSE OF THE SILLY AND SURPRISING 1 1 My Friends Are More Popular Than I Am: The Friendship Paradox 3 2 Waiting for Godot: The Elevator Paradox 7 3 The Pursuit of Happiness: The Paradox of Hedonism 12 4 Tip Now or Tip Later? The Good Service Paradox 17 5 Don’t Work Out to Lose Weight: The Exercise Paradox 22 II LANGUAGE IS TRICKY: IT’S NOT WHAT YOU SAY, IT’S WHAT THEY HEAR 6 Can’t Get No Satisfaction: Morgenbesser’s Double Negatives 29 7 Don’t Trust Friends: False Friends 33 27
VIII CONTENTS 8 Janus Words: The Antagonym Paradox 37 9 Pentasyllable Has Five Syllables: The Grelling-Nelson Paradox 42 10 A Rose Is a Rose Is a Rose: The Langford-Moore Paradox 46 III UNBELIEVABLE BUT TRUE: THERE’S MORE THAN HAPPY ENDINGS 51 11 Whodunit? He Done It! The Paradox of Suspense 53 12 To Wallow in Sorrow: The Paradox of Tragedy 57 13 Moved to Tears: The Paradox of Fiction 61 14 Hidden by Quotation Marks: The Quinification Paradox 66 15 All Remaining Errors Are My Own: The Preface Paradox 71 IV YOU DO THE math: numbers don’t lie—go figure! 77 16 Chocolates from the Trays: The Axiom of Choice 79 17 Rounding Crooked Numbers: 0.999 . 84 18 On or Off? Thomson’s Lamp 89 19 Randomness Is Not Random: The Random Numbers Paradox 94 20 Zero or One? That Is the Question: Grandi’s Paradox 100 V let’s get physical 105 21 Why Is It Dark at Night? Olbers’s Paradox 107 22 Gathering in the Middle: The Tea Leaves Paradox 112
CONTENTS IX 23 Shaken, Not Stirred! The Brazil Nut Effect 117 24 Cold and Colder: The Mpemba Paradox 121 25 Suck or Spout? The Sprinkler Paradox 126 VI THE POSSIBILITY OF PROBABILITY . . . AND THEN THERE’S STATISTICS 131 26 A Cadillac or a Goat? The Monty Hall Paradox 133 П To Treat or Not to Treat? Simpson’s Paradox 138 28 A Holistic Approach: The Two Envelopes Problem 143 29 Silver and Gold? Bertrand’s Probability Paradox 148 30 Are More Than Half the Babies Boys? Lindley’s Paradox 152 VII footloose philosophy: GIVE IT SOME THOUGHT 157 31 To Shave or Not to Shave . Oneself: Russell’s Barber Paradox 159 32 I Don’t Believe It: Moore’s Paradox 164 33 Known Knowns, Known Unknowns: Fitch’s Paradox 169 34 No ATM in the Desert: Parfit’s Hitchhiker 174 35 Plus or Quus? The Kripkenstein Paradox 179 VIII LOOPY logic: making sense OF SEEMING NONSENSE 183 36 God Exists, and the Moon Is Made of Cheese: Curry’s Paradox 185
X CONTENTS 37 To Know Nothing: Socrates’s Paradox 190 38 Is There a Point in Asking the Question? Meno’s Paradox 194 39 The Whole Truth and Nothing but the Truth: Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem 199 40 Are All Ravens Black? Hempel’s Paradox 204 IX QUESTIONS OF FAITH: THE SMALL PRINT OF HOLY TEXTS 209 41 In the Name of the Lord, Your God: The Third Commandment 211 42 A Stone So Heavy. : The Omnipotence Paradox 215 43 Accumulate Wealth. but Don’t Spend It: The Paradox of Asceticism 220 44 Thou Mayest Steal: The Sermon on the Mount 224 45 All Is Perfect: The Smarandache Paradox 229 X LEGAL LIABILITIES! TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLY 233 46 When Two Rights Make a Wrong: The Blackmail Paradox 235 47 Guilty Until Proven Innocent: The Prosecutor’s Fallacy 240 48 The Right to Remain Silent: The Fifth Amendment 245 49 When in Doubt, Acquit: The Unspecified Offense Paradox 250 50 Can Two Wrongs Make a Right? The Holistic Trial Paradox 254
CONTENTS XI XI THE ECONOMICS OF THE unexpected: it stacks up BUT DOES IT BALANCE? . . . 259 51 Sell a Lot and Make No Profits: Bertrand’s Economics Paradox 261 52 Doing More with Less: Jevons’s Paradox 267 53 Optimal Liberalism: Sen’s Paradox 272 54 Private Vices, Publick Benefits: Mandeville’s Paradox 277 55 Tightening One’s Belt: The Paradox of Thrift 281 XII PUZZLING POLITICS: THE VEXING MATHEMATICS OF DEMOCRACY 287 56 Who Should Win? Condorcet Cycles 289 57 More Seats or Fewer? The Alabama Paradox 294 58 To Abstain from Elections: The Nonvoting Paradox 299 59 Packing and Cracking: Gerrymandering 304 60 How Can One Be a Democrat? Wollheim’s Paradox 310 Epilogue 315 Postscript 317 Bibliographic Notes 319 Index 329 |
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| isbn | 9780231213769 |
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| spelling | Szpiro, George 1950- Verfasser (DE-588)129564931 aut Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us George G. Szpiro New York Columbia University Press [2024] © 2024 xviii, 336 Seiten Illustrationen 22,4 cm txt rdacontent sti rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier This book will examine paradoxes in diverse areas of thought: philosophy, mathematics, physics, economics, political science, psychology, computer science, logic, statistics, linguistics, law, etc. Though the treatment of each paradox is rigorous, the book will be written accessibly with a lighthearted and humorous tone so as to keep the reader engaged. Each chapter will focus on a single paradox, structured roughly like so: 1. A question is asked in the context of a story. As an answer, the paradox is presented (which often results in an aha moment). The historical background of the paradox is recounted. 2. The dénouement explains how the paradox is resolved or why there is no resolution. 3. The chapter ends with further remarks, usually contemporary real-world examples or applications of said paradox. Some examples of the paradoxes covered are the Axiom of Choice (Mathematics), Monty Hall Problem (Statistics), Morgenbesser's Paradox (Linguistics), Tea Leaves Paradox (Physics), The Ultimatum Game (Economics), and The Chicken or Egg Question (Evolution) -- Paradoxon (DE-588)4044593-8 gnd rswk-swf Paradox Paradoxes Paradoxe Informational works Paradoxon (DE-588)4044593-8 s DE-604 Online version 9780231560016 Szpiro, George, 1950- Paradox lost New York : Columbia University Press, [2024] Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035110580&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us |
| title_auth | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us |
| title_exact_search | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us |
| title_full | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us George G. Szpiro |
| title_fullStr | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us George G. Szpiro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us George G. Szpiro |
| title_short | Perplexing paradoxes |
| title_sort | perplexing paradoxes unraveling enigmas in the world around us |
| title_sub | unraveling enigmas in the world around us |
| topic | Paradoxon (DE-588)4044593-8 gnd |
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