Words and silences: Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic
""This work is a masterpiece already as it stands now! It presents an unusually rich ethnography of a part of a community in Europe's farthest Arctic Northeast, with a focus on an extremely difficult topic to do fieldwork on: the conversion of a so-far hardly known group of reindeer n...
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| Zusammenfassung: | ""This work is a masterpiece already as it stands now! It presents an unusually rich ethnography of a part of a community in Europe's farthest Arctic Northeast, with a focus on an extremely difficult topic to do fieldwork on: the conversion of a so-far hardly known group of reindeer nomads to radical evangelical Baptism / Pentecostalism." - Florian Stammler, author of Reindeer Nomads Meet the Market: Culture, Property and Globalisation at the "End of the Land" "Although not working from within the subdiscipline of linguistic anthropology, Vallikivi foregrounds speaking and communication in his analysis of the transformation from "pagan" to Christian. He finds a complex interweaving of speaking and refraining from speaking is key to Nenets personhood, and demonstrates how we have to understand cultural ways of speaking in order to understand Nenets Baptists and Pentecostals. [...] I have been reviewing book manuscripts for two decades for over a dozen presses, and this is by far the most polished and impressive manuscript I have read." - Alexander D. King, author of Living with Koryak Traditions: Playing with Culture in Siberia Words and Silences tells the story of an extraordinary group of independent Nenets reindeer herders in the northwest Russian Arctic. Under socialism these nomads managed to avoid the Soviet state and its institutions of collectivization but soon after the atheist regime collapsed, while some staunchly resisted, many of them became fervent fundamentalist Christians. By exploring differing concepts of how traditional and convert Nenets use and define words, and of the meanings they ascribe to the withholding of speech, Vallikivi shows how a local form of global Christianity has emerged through intricate negotiations of self, sociality, and cosmology. Moving beyond studies of modernization and globalization that have all-too-predictable outcomes for indigenous peoples, Words and Silences invites us to view not only religious devotees, but words themselves, as agents of a complex and ongoing transformation"-- |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 336 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Porträts 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780253068767 9780253068750 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a ""This work is a masterpiece already as it stands now! It presents an unusually rich ethnography of a part of a community in Europe's farthest Arctic Northeast, with a focus on an extremely difficult topic to do fieldwork on: the conversion of a so-far hardly known group of reindeer nomads to radical evangelical Baptism / Pentecostalism." - Florian Stammler, author of Reindeer Nomads Meet the Market: Culture, Property and Globalisation at the "End of the Land" "Although not working from within the subdiscipline of linguistic anthropology, Vallikivi foregrounds speaking and communication in his analysis of the transformation from "pagan" to Christian. He finds a complex interweaving of speaking and refraining from speaking is key to Nenets personhood, and demonstrates how we have to understand cultural ways of speaking in order to understand Nenets Baptists and Pentecostals. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a [...] I have been reviewing book manuscripts for two decades for over a dozen presses, and this is by far the most polished and impressive manuscript I have read." - Alexander D. King, author of Living with Koryak Traditions: Playing with Culture in Siberia Words and Silences tells the story of an extraordinary group of independent Nenets reindeer herders in the northwest Russian Arctic. Under socialism these nomads managed to avoid the Soviet state and its institutions of collectivization but soon after the atheist regime collapsed, while some staunchly resisted, many of them became fervent fundamentalist Christians. By exploring differing concepts of how traditional and convert Nenets use and define words, and of the meanings they ascribe to the withholding of speech, Vallikivi shows how a local form of global Christianity has emerged through intricate negotiations of self, sociality, and cosmology. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Moving beyond studies of modernization and globalization that have all-too-predictable outcomes for indigenous peoples, Words and Silences invites us to view not only religious devotees, but words themselves, as agents of a complex and ongoing transformation"-- | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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CONTENTS List of Maps and Figures ix Preface and Acknowledgments xiii Notes on Transliteration, Translation, and Bible Citations xvii PART I. REINDEER NOMADS AND REFORMERS Introduction 2 i Dynamics of Avoidance and Engagement 39 PART II. CONVERSION OF PEOPLE, DISENFRANCHISEMENT OF SPIRITS 2 Trajectories of Conversion 77 3 Baptist Missionaries on the Edge 4 Destructive Persuasion 104 131 PART III. SPEAKING AND SILENCE 5 Silence and Binding Words 171 6 Speaking Saves, Silence Damns 197
viii I Contents 7 Pure Subjects Conclusion 220 242 Main Characters 253 Glossary of Selected Nenets and Russian Words Notes 257 References Index 319 283 255
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INDEX Adam, 132 aesthetics, 119,143,245; Baptist style, 175; in human-reindeer relationship, 26 Agamben, Giorgio, 27612 agency, 14,16-17,37,92,131-132,137,139,148, 150,180,201-202,245,265127, 26912, 276128 Alekseyenko, Yevgenia, 9 Aksarka, 49 alcohol (vodka): being offered to Nenets, 22,48,65; in Christians’ rhetoric, 89-90, 96,123,149,150,160; and coupons, 63; destructiveness of, 70,95-96,166,175,190, 250 (see also devil); and hospitality, 78,95, 250; and imitating Russians, 43,61; offered to spirits, 97,141,155,161,175,176€ 186,27015 (see also sacrifice); rejection motivating conversion, 37,85,94-98,247,250; and singing, 182 (see also personal song); struggling to abandon, 96,200,204. See also ikota, Independents, non-Christians, spirits allowances, 66-67,69-70,143, 265128 all-terrain vehicle (vezdekhod), 3,54,119,121, 122€ 125; “white vehicle”, 3,146 All-Union Council of Evangelical Christians-Baptists: Baptists dissatisfied with, 113; complying with the state regulations, 113,115; formation of, 112; monitored by the authorities, 112,116; and Vorkuta Pentecostal Church, 26812. See also Council of Churches of Evangelical Christians-Baptists, Pentecostals, Registered Baptists, Unregistered Baptists Althusser, Louis, 179, 274110 Amderma, 24, 51,55,64€ 65€ 66-67,96,181, 265128; and Gulag, 47 49; Village Council of, 63 anger, 200, 232-233, 280П12. See also emotion, heart, sin animists, 4,10, 37. 243. 247. 25704 258n8, 2 6 0П2 6, 272124 and ontology, 33—34 and rituals, 23,34. See also ethics, non Christians, “pagan”, promise, sacrifice antireligious campaign: and Khrushchev,
112; and Soviet institutions, 112-113. See also atheism Arctic Ocean, xiv, 3, 24, 25,47,56; and missionaries’ ends of the earth, 121-122. See also ends of the earth Aristotle, 13, 27914 Arkhangelsk, 50,119, 264122 Province of, 56 army, 4, 49,50, 53-54, 60, 67, 222; and Baptists, 112,116; conscripted to, 49, 61, 67, 265125, 26819; Nenets trading with personnel from, 32, 55,59f articulacy: missionaries demanding, 14,178, 217,246,27315. See also Baptist language, language, speech Asad, Talal, 81-83 atheism: atheist agitators in Vorkuta, 112-113; League of Militant Atheists, 112; in a life story of a Nenets, 62,96; and the Soviet state, 9. See also antireligious campaign, heart Augustine, 280114 Austin, J. L., 12,16-17,191,194,199, 201, 213, 27612 authoritative discourse, 205,209, 214-215, 27612 authority, 202; among Christians, 13,78-80, 146,148,166,207-208; and women, 97 autonomy (value), 32,167,173,226-228. See also Independents Avvakum, archpriest, 259115 Badiou, Alain, 83-84,102,236-237,281П16 Baidarata, 50,58 Bakhtin, Mikhail, 201-202,214-215,237-238 baptism (ritual), 2f, 3, 5,6,92,93,118,203213,225; compared among Baptists and Pentecostals, 93,143; examination before, 319
320 I Index 16,204; by immersion, 205,268П10; and intentionality, 165,209 (see also intention); Nenets version of, 36; and Nenets women, 93; among Pentecostals, 140,143-144,145F, 149,208; and postbaptismal service, 209213; as a promise, 11,205; Spirit baptism, 148,150. See also prayer, sermon Baptist language, 13,102,197-219; and automatism, 218; and entextualization, 206; focused on representation and intention, 196; and language ideology, see language ideology; as love-talk, 215-216 (see also love speech); and public speaking, 145; and rigidity in rituals, 205-209,278115; as “speaking Baptist”, 204,238,264123; struggling with, 216-217; and witnessing, 215. See also articulacy, language, prayer, repentance, sermon, speech, witnessing, words Baptist missionaries, 3-4,77,101,104-130; author’s relations with, 105-108; compared to Pentecostals, 143,148,151,160; competing with Pentecostal missionaries, 5, 6,139-148; complaining over converts’ ignorance, 246; and evangelizing strategy, 132,181,267П10; and language barrier, 269115; as matchmakers, 270111; on Pentecostals, 147; perceived as “foreign” in Russia, 36; prohibit women to sermonize, 146; on secular entertainment, 127,134; on translating, 126,258П7,269116 (see also translation); and women, 146. See also conversion, pastor, Pentecostal missionaries, Unregistered Baptists Baptists. See Baptist missionaries, Registered Baptists, Unregistered Baptists Basso, Keith, 172 Baturin, Nikolay, 111 bears, 189 Belarus, 68 belief, 11,32,81,244,245,25818, 27015 and language, 4; and loyalty, 150,199,208; system of, 8. See also
certainty, devil, God, Jesus Beloyarsk, 267П10 Belyi Island, 123,26813 Belykh, Viktor, 26818 Benedictines, 197 Besnier, Niko, 214 Bialecki, Jon, 224,27914 282m Bible (scriptures), 36,68,90,92,127,134-136, 138,153,154,156,157,162,182,198,199, 201-202,206-207,209,214, 215,218, 219,220,268П10,276m, 280ml; Nenets translations from, 14,126,25817 (see also translation); as physical copies, 88,110, 135, 144~145 151.269П4; quoting from, 10, 79,88,135,201,218,243,27710; reading of, 3,6,14,15f, 78-79,93,98,114,118,143, 146,200,210,221,225-226,233,234-235, 27716, 277110; Russian version of, 126. See also God’s Word, literalism, sacred objects Billig, Michael, 174 birth, 33,162,264122; birth control denounced by Baptists, 128-129; certificates, 65,264121 and Nenets spirits, 142,230,27019, 27113; and silent “confession”, 274111 Bjorklund, Ivar, 68 body, 4,13,194,222,27912; Christian view of, 90,129,266m; ikota in, 175,226 (see also ikota); of a khekhe, 164-165; and soul, 187. See also language, soul Bolshezemelskaya District, 47-48,54,263115 Bolshezemelskaya tundra. See Great Land tundra born-again Christian, 107,200,202,204,205, 210,214,218,220,222,224-225,269П15, 276127 See also conversion Bourdieu, Pierre, 7,172,214 Boyko, Nikolay, 111,218 Brezhnev, Leonid, 62,96 bridewealth, bride-price (nye mirq), 23,226, 27318, 27915. See also matchmaking Brown, Kate, 46 Brusco, Elizabeth, 97 burial, 4,23,91,190,265127. See also dead, death Butler, Judith, 179-180,192,194,199,276129 burning of sacred objects. See fire, sacred objects, shaman California, 224 Calvinists, 132,201,218,231 Cannell,
Fenella, 102,224
Index cards (playing), 78,90,177,190,204,272125 Cassian, John, 222-223 Castrén, Matthias, 92 Catholics, 12,275121 Cavell, Stanley, 12,277ml Central Asia, 153,261129, 267112 certainty: and belief, 208,210,230-231, 233, 245,27919; and lack of it, 203-204,275125; of salvation, 223,224,231,240,251 (see also salvation) Cervantes, Miguel de, 158 character (moral), 183,191,193,219,220, 233-234,235,245,276126, 280П11. See also ethics Chernov, Georgi, 23-24 Christ’s body (church), 102,116,228. See also Jesus Chukchi, 261129; as pejorative label, 267112 Chukhontsev, Vladimir, 267Ш1 city (tnarq), 3,24,62,63,89,105,110,113,148, 216,267112; dangers related to, 103,246; prayer house in, 77,80,86,135; youth being attracted to, 29,99-100,173,223 (see also youth). See also sedentarization, Vorkuta clan-community (obshchina), 81,88, 25712, 265126, 265128, 266П30. See also Tybertya, Yamb-To clan, 23,188,26214 280112. See also kin, name climate change, 260121 coherence, 240; Christians striving for, 11-12,38,233,235. See also ethics, self transformation Coleman, Simon, 13,276127 collective farm (kolkhoz), xiii, 8,9,19,26, 48-49,52-53,61, 62,227,250,264—265125 “Friendship of Peoples” in Karataika, 58; Independents joining, 62-63, 260125, 265126; members compared to Independents, 25,32,37,39,40, 58,60, 62,91,98,222; pressuring Independents, 53; and privatization, 64,258112; “Red October” in Ust-Kara (Kara), 53,56,62,67, 95,266П30; as total social institution, 19; “Vyucheiskiy” in Nelmin-Nos, xiii, 42f; “Yadey Segery” in Karataika, 263П10. See also collectivization, state farm I 321
collectivization, 19,24,44,46,47-49,52,5455,259114, 262П6,26318; in the late Soviet period, 58; Nenets Independents avoiding, xiii, 4,19,44,49-53; in post-Soviet period, 32,266130; Soviet ideology of, 19-21. See also collective farm. Independents, kulaks, reindeer, state farm Colombia, 97 Comaroff, Jean, 7 Comaroff, John, 7 commitment, 6,8,11,14,16,77,89,144,177, 193,203,208,210,215,216,217,220-223, 225-226,240, 250,27612, 278П13,281120 Communists, 8,23,46,51,61,62,249; Christians on, 154; Communist Youth League (Komsomol), 60,112-113,26317; compared with Christians, 124-125, 236,237,247,249,263П7,281П16,281019, 282m; and evangelicals, 112-113; Nenets Independents on, 161,186; on the origin of humans, 43-44; as Party activists, 5,34, 48,61; repressing other lutsaq, 47; spirits punishing, 137; and their values, 8,39· See also rupture, sincerity consciousness: colonization of, 7,10; and evil, 150-151; and God’s Word, 134; located in idols, 132-133; politics of, 83; in Soviet ideology, 9,53, 61; unhappy, 224. See also conversion Constantine, 105 conversion, 33,77-103; and alcohol, see alcohol; anthropological research on, 26213; collective, 93; and consciousness, 7,10,11-12,83 (see also consciousness); and cultural logic, 244-245; and cutting relations, 7,228,244; and ethical self-transformation, see ethics, self transformation; and generations, 6,10, 98-101,245-246,247 (see also youth); going along with, 246; and language, see language; as learning, 13,17,204,209,215; and modernity, see modernity; narratives, 88-93,26317; Pauline model of, 84,92; and perspective-taking,
235-241 (see also perspective-taking); reasons for, 36,40, 60,62,71-72,85,94-96,99,166,246, 262m; as rejection of the old, 32,217,229;
322 I Index resistance to, see non-Christians; role of local actors in, 85-86; sustaining, 210, 244; utilitarian and intellectualist approaches to, 40, 85,26212. See also baptism, Baptist missionaries, devil, ethics, Independents, Pentecostals, personhood, promise, Protestantism, Russian Orthodoxy, shaman, women Corbey, Raymond, 131-132 Council of Churches of Evangelical Christians-Baptists: ideology of separation from the state, 115; its leaders repressed, 114; split from All-Union Council, 114. See also All-Union Council of Evangelical Christians-Baptists, Unregistered Baptists Crapanzano, Vincent, 27919 curses, 16,135,173,185-189,195,229,274117, 275119, 278116. See also evil word, gossip, witchcraft, words Das, Veena, 12,250 dead (the deceased), 4, 26,164,183,190,230, 260121 271П19, 27315, 274113, 275123. See also burial, death, emotion, ngylyeka death, 49,95,137,160,164,179,190, 265127; Christians’ rhetoric of, 118,151,152,178, 181, 205,224; leaving tundra life as, 102; in Nenets cosmology, 187,26715; violent, 166,247. See also alcohol, burial, dead, devil, Nga decision-event, 84,89,236. See also truth event Derrida, Jacques, 194,199 Descola, Philippe, 261127 devil (demon, Satan): acting through alcohol, 96-97,182 (see also alcohol); acting through idols, 132-133.138-139. 142,149-151,160,161,162,189,205 (see also idol); Baptists regarding Pentecostals to be possessed by, 147; being possessed by, 34,98,163; believing in, 162,184, 247; challenging missionaries, 99,121, 123-124; in conversion narrative, 89-90; entrapping Christians, 105,107,114; fearing, 135,148;
hindering conversion, 181,213; and human words, 193; and Internet, 120,127; one and many, 271118; Orthodoxy as worship of, 36; and power of name, 162,187,218,278115; and singing, 182; and Soviet Union, 126,278112; as underworld spirit, 78; vigilance in regard of, 225,280114 and the world, 83,107,109, 115,120,127,129,224. See also idol, God, khekhe, Nga, ngylyeka, spirits dignity (sense of): and conversion, 40,246; and private herders, 32,173 Dinka, 26 disease (illness), 91,142,161,184,187,191,26715, 270П12,278П14; of reindeer, 28,260121; as spirit, 141,172,230. See also epidemic Ditskaln, Aleksandr, 48 Dobzhanskaya, Oksana, 274113 Dolgans, 27318 Donbas, 53 dreams, dreaming, 108,161,184-185,195, 235, 260П20,274114 Dumont, Louis, 117 Duranti, Alessandro, 195 Dutch, 22,132 Eikhmans, Fyodor, 46,48 emotion (feelings), 14-16,53.127.132, 142,173, 27912, 281ПП18-19; and the dead, 190, 227, 27315; and language, 4,13,17,151,185, 203, 276128, 277111; learning of Christian, 7, 14,79,102,146,166,208, 209-210, 216-217, 233,241,243; and Nenets children, 69; Nenets concept of, 192-193,196, 229, 280ПП11-12; in personal song, 182,183. See also anger, dead, heart, laughter, quarrels ends of the earth, 35,37,121-125,242, 247. See also Arctic Ocean, eschatology English (travelers), 22 Enets language, 25810 Engelke, Matthew, 135,224, 27919 epic song (yarabts, syudbabts), 175,184, 274115. See also singing epidemic, 45, 58,98,227,260121. See also disease, reindeer eschatology (end times), 37,105,119-129,151, 154,261129; as Second coming, 35,119-122, 132, 224. See also ends of the earth,
temporality
Index Estonians, 210 ethics, 153,261127, 28117, 282m; among animists, 33,227; in conversion, 6-8, 10-15,82,95,208,219,220-223,225-226, 228-229,231-241,245,247-250, 27914; and language, 12-13,15,17,84,171,174, 204,215, 217; and morality, 10,25715; among Soviets, 281П19. See also character, conversion, language, morality system, self-transformation Eucharist (Lord’s Supper), 209, 210,261127 Evans-Pritchard, E. E., 275125 Eve, 132, 223 Evenki, 52,27312 Eveny, 52, 250,276126 evil word (vevako vada), 186-189,193, 230, 280ml. See also curses, gossip, heavy word, syaqmei pad, words Ewe, 83 exchange, 26,44,95,153,178,224, 227, 239, 244,264118, 279ПП5-6; of gifts, 4,26, 36,177,193,196,226,229,244,27318. See also non-Christians, personhood, reindeer Falwell, Jerry, 27716 fasting, 163, 205. See also baptism, prayer, words Felman, Shoshana, 194 Festinger, Leon, 27319 Figes, Orlando, 46 Finno-Ugric (Uralic) languages, 258П10 Finland, 49 fire, 78,171,177,280П10; for burning idols, 138,142,151,154-155,157,161; of hell, 151, 15 4, 281121; speaking to warn, 189,275123; spirit (tu yerv, tu khada), 155,189. See also idol, sacred objects, speech, spirits fish, fishing, 32, 39, 44. 45 49. 54 55. 80, 88, 95,123,186, 216, 241,260121, 265125. See also pike, yidyerv Forest Nenets, 25809,270П9 forgiveness, 12, 62,79,90,124,138,163,181, 201, 203, 210, 214,218,225, 231, 233, 241, 243, 278П14. See also prayer, purification, repentance, sin Forsyth, James, 23 I 323 Foucault, Michel, 10, 222,231,239,25715, 274ml, 279ПП2-4 foxes, 32,49, 55, 62,27318. See also furs Friday Masowe Church, 135 furs, 22,32,
44, 49,55, 62,140,146,177, 264118, 27918; fur tax (yasak), 22. See also foxes, taxation future, 125,247,250, 251; Christians imagining, 7, 37,81,83,89,99,102,105, 119,125,185,201,224,242; foretelling, 8, 50,190, 27313; Nenets not discussing, 196,226; Soviets on, 48,154. See also past, salvation, shaman, temporality Gagarin, Yuriy (Soviet historian), 112 geologists, 23-24, 32. 46-47. 54,55 Germans (of Volga), 112 Ghana, 83 gift. See exchange glossolalia. See speaking in tongues God (Christian deity): authority of, 86,186, 213-214; believers’ relationship with, 11,13, 93,99-102, no, 145,157,160,198-219, 220225,229-241,242-243; believing, 3,133,161, 193,203, 205, 208 (see also belief); children of, 82,100,105,108-109,114,116,117,199, 239; conforming to the will of, 3,80,86, 91,101,121, 229, 230-249,280114 going against the will of, 34, 62,78,100,162,205, 232,271117, 280113; and his performative speech, 179,201; against idols and devils, 133,137-138,149-150,156 (see also devil, idol); ignorance of, 202; incarnated, 134135; instituting rulers, 114-115; intentions of, 206,223,234 (see also intention); as judge, 120; loving, 90,153-154,180; and making choices, 82,96; miraculous intervening of, 124; missionaries as instruments of, 90,124,277—278112; oneness of, 147,149; perspective from, 102, 185 (see also God’s-eye view); and promise, 219,220-221,225,233 (see also promise); protection of, 34,81,96,150,163,166,174, 193; and providence, 68,88,90,93,99, 105-106,121,123,126-127,201; refusing to respond to, 178,179; as savior, 93,210, 213, 229; sees in a person, 108,181,209,239;
324 I Index separation from, 223-224; and singing, 182; speaking to, 12-17,79, 89,98,145, 148-151,163,171,172,174,176,184,200-205, 208-219,231-232,238,243,278П14 (see also prayer); submission to, 15,202,217,225; and supremacy over Satan, 124. See also Jesus, God’s-eye view, God’s Word, Holy Spirit, name. Num, tolerance, words God’s-eye view, 11-220,234-241. See also God, perspective-taking God’s Word (Word of God), 14,68,78,93, 110,121,124,134-135,176,178,193,200-202, 209,214-215,216,218,27018. See also Bible, God Golovnev, Andrei, 26,271113, 272123 goods (consumer goods), 22,47,54,59,63, 86,88,128,246. See also trade Gorbachev, Mikhail, 127 gossip, 62,183,185,188-189. See also curses, evil word, words Great Land tundra (Bolshezemelskaya tundra), xiii, 3,22,23,24,37,45,52,259П13, 259П17,264121 27015 275119; dialect of, 258П10,275124 Greek Orthodox, 197 grey-zone herders, 265125. See also yedinolichniki Groys, Boris, 124 Gulag (labor camps), xiii, xvi, 3,24,44, 46-47,48-49,50,54,110,112,141,218, 259П13,263115, 264117, 268n8. See also Amderma, Khabarovo, repressions, Stalinist period, Vaigach, Vorkuta Gyda, 122,177,264—265125 Habeck, Otto, 264120 hair, 89,90-92,208,266П4. See also shaman Hamlet, 146 Harding, Susan, 13,102,200,215,27716, 27919 hate speech, 180. See also love speech, speech heart: in atheists’ rhetoric, 113; in Christians’ rhetoric, 79,82,96,108,116,117,132,133, 134,149,154,161,164,181,200,201,210-213, 214,219,223,231,232,233,269115 27714 27709,278m; in Nenets vocabulary, 280П11; of reindeer, 193. See also Holy Spirit, interiority heavy word (sanggovo vada),
191-193. See also curses, evil word, intention, words Hefner, Robert, 240 Heidegger, Martin, 195 Holy Spirit, 16,78,80,92,93,102,108,114, 121,123,127,135,143,145,146,164,176,200, 201,205,209-210,210-213,217,224-225, 232,234; blasphemy of, 218,231,275118; growing inside, 233-234,240. See also baptism, Jesus, God, prayer Horton, Robin, 26212 human-animal relations, 24,26,33. See also aesthetics, bears, predators, reindeer, wolves Humphrey, Caroline, 83-84,178-179,180, 208,236,239,261127 hunters, 55,61,62,264125, 27312 hygiene, 23,59 icon: Eastern Orthodox theology of, 134-135; in Nenets camps, 23,36,133, 135; Pentecostal missionary on, 155-160, 272124. See also Jesus, khekhe, kissing, lutsa, Russian Orthodoxy, sacred objects, sacrifice idol, idolatry: Baptists considering modern technologies as, 87,123,134; Christians on, 131-139,142-143,149-151,154-165,202-205, 27018, 27015, 272125; and devils, 271118; Martin Luther on, 133. See also devil, khekhe, sacred objects ikota (hiccup spirit), 97-98,175,218. See also alcohol, devil, spirits illiteracy, 61,62,68,80,87,113,135,145,146, 238,265126 Ilongots, 195 Independents, xiii-xiv, 5,10,21,23,24,29, 117,129,164,186,218,260121, 264118; and alcohol, 94-98 (see also alcohol); avoiding the authorities, 22,36,44-60,263115; compared to collectivized Nenets, 39-40, 60-63; compared to Unregistered Baptists, 129-130; conversion of, 81,85-94, 104, 222, 247-249 (see also conversion); generational differences among, 98-101; getting divided, 244; names for, 4,29,26216; in the post-Soviet period, 63-70,260125,
Index 265126, 266130; seen as last true nomads, 32; and the value of independence, 29,32, 226-228. See also autonomy, collective farm, collectivization, Communists, past, promise, Ural Nenets, Yamb-To, yedinolichniki India, 240, 250,262m, 27315 individualism: and Christians, 117,164, 226,234, 243; and Nenets, 226; and shamanism, 261126. See also interiority, personhood, Protestantism Indonesia, 132, 201 industrialization, 23-24,46-47,151 Ingold, Tim, 195 intention, intentionality, 14,17,215, 217, 275124 278116, 27912; attribution of, 191, 192,195; and Christians, 12,108,192,193, 196,198, 201-202,206,217-218, 229,234, 240,241, 278ПП14-15; mismatch of, 160, 166,219; and Nenets personhood, 194,195, 244; in ritual, 203,208-209; Western and non-Western concepts of, 195,276130; and words, 185,188,195,226. See also baptism. Baptist language, heavy word, interiority, responsibility, sincerity, speech, words interiority (inner self): and Christian personhood, 14-15,91,102,127,145-146, 163,178,192,199,203,208-210, 213,217,219, 224, 229, 230,231,232,233,243,249,266m, 269115, 280ml; church as collective, 78,116; and idols, 138; in Western dichotomous thinking, 195,217, 27419. See also intention, sincerity interpellation, 179, 242. See also name Islam, 217, 235-236,240,2574 Islavin, Vladimir, 27318 Izhma Komi, 36,41,45,56,202,258ПЮ, 264120. See also Komi Ivanova, Aytalina, 275125 Jaggar, Alison, 277ml Jains, 240 Jenkins, Tim, 217, 27319 Jerusalem, 121 Jesus (Christ), 3,78,80,90,110,115,117,148, 149,151,157,160,165,178,179,210,211, 214, 218, 261127, 267m; believing in, 205, I 325
208,27719; the film on, 134; ignorance of, 36-37,125, 202; and mission command, 120-121,125; narrow path after, 108, 202, 224,237, 266m; represented on icon, 156, 160 (see also icon); resurrection of, 83,84, 92; saving from addiction, 96-98. See also God, Holy Spirit, name Kanin Peninsula, 18, 26214 Karataika, 58,67,123, 263П10, 264122, 265126 Kara: river, 264121 sea, 44, 45,77; tundra, 47 Karelia, 49,119 Karskiy Village Council, 56 Keane, Webb, 10-11,16,81-82,132,201,228, 235-236,249,26127, 276128, 276130, 277ml Kets, 9 Khabarovo: church building in, 45,48; Gulag in, 24,47 Khaen-Sale, 165 Khabtam Pe (mountain), 141 Khadam Pe (mountain), 123,141,164 Khalmer-Yu, 54-55,58, 61,62-63,69, 218, 263115 Khanty, 41,139, 223,249, 261129, 261128 Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region, 258П9 Khanzerova, Irina, 66,258ml khekhe, 34,132,142; burning of, see sacred objects; missionaries demonizing, 158, 160; in Nenets rituals, 141,161,186,270П10, 271113; obtaining and making of, 138, 141,157,164, 270П9, 27114, 272122; as relational person, 142 (see also part person); returning of, 164-165,166; as Russian spirits (lutsa khekheq), 45,133,155 (see also icon); and sacred sites, 164-165, 2721121; translation of the term, 131. See also body, devil, idol, myadpukhutsya, sacred objects, sacred site, sacred sledge, shaman, soul, spirits, syadei Khorev, Mikhail, 113 Khoseda-Khard, 23 Khrushchev, Nikita, 35,112 kin, kinship, 23, 26,33, 50,171,188,190,192, 221,227, 228, 239,244, 2741133 among Christians, 91,97,139,178, 239,244, 267ПЮ. See also clan, non-Christians
326 I Index kissing, 50; among Baptists, 80,210; of icon, 156,160. See also icon Kolva, 23,140 Kolva Yaran, 60,258тю Komi (Republic, ASSR), 53,56,69,258П9, 263115, 266П30,271116, 275124 Komi language, 60,62,79,258П10 Komi people, 125,164,275119, 2751121-22. See also Izhma Komi Korotaikha River, 25,56,25712 Koryak, 34,52,261129 Kostikov, Leonid, 177 Kotkin, Stephen, 264123 Kovtun, Grigoriy, 111 Krasnoyarsk Territory, 19,258п9 Kremlin, 115 Kryuchkov, Gennadiy, 105,113,115-116,118, 119,126-127 kulaks, 19,29,47,110,259113, 263ПП8-9. See also collectivization, shaman labor camps. See Gulag Laestadius, Lars Levi, 26717 Laidlaw, James, 6,10,208,217,240,250 Lambek, Michael, 6,12,13,203-204,219, 220,25714 language, 41; of Baptists and Pentecostals compared, 234,276127; biblical, 3, 124,229; and body, 194; and quotation practice, 206-207; in conversion, 3-4, 10-17,37-38,62,84,90,93,102,110, 126,193,197-199,214-217,219,226, 235-238,242-244,269115, 273П5 (see also articulacy); evangelical, 4,17,93,110, 200,216,225; and gaps in understanding, 148; and internalization, 214-215, 27909; and performativity, 16-17,199; and personhood, see personhood; and perspective, 90,236-238,240,243, 249 (see also perspective-taking); and representation, 13,16,132,180,184-185, 193-196,198,213,217-218,243. See also Baptist language, conversion, emotion, ethics, language ideology, materiality, name, personhood, prayer, Protestantism, silence, Soviet language, speech, subject language, words language ideology, 269П16,27319; Baptist, 178,193,198-200,202,206,209,217-218, 27716; in mission encounter,
16-17,172, 180,197; Nenets, 177,185,193,194-195, 276128. See also language, literalism, words Lapsui, Anastasia, 182-183,27019 Lapsui, Gennadi, 27313 Latour, Bruno, 102,215-216,237 laughter, 62,78,87,98,173,175,183,197,200, 232,233,27015, 271117. See also emotion, sin Lavrillier, Alexandra, 263114 laying on of hands, 209,210,211,2i2f Ledkov, Ivan (Nenets shaman), 259113, 275119, 275122 Ledkov, Vasiliy (Nenets writer), 26318 Lehtisalo, Toivo, 27019 Lenin, Vladimir, 46f, 48,154,186 Lienhardt, Godfrey, 26 literalism: among Baptists, 114,121,202,207, 27716; among Pentecostals, 133; in Soviet society, 60. See also Bible love speech, 180,190. See also hate speech, sermon, speech Luhrmann, Tanya, 13 Luther, Martin, 133,134 Lutherans, 147,26717 lutsa (“Russian”), 28,241,242,28212; being skillful with, 65,86; dangers coming from, 4,37 39-44,47,49-50,63,67-68, 70,72,83,161,177,227,246,249; folk etymology of, 260124 Nenets becoming, 98,100-101; regarding someone’s behavior as, 43,61,172,214,232; and their spirits, 45, 133,155 (see also icon, khekhe)·, and their way of life, 28,41,186; unskillful person as, 42-43. See also Bible, Communists, predators Mahmood, Saba, 217 Malozemelskaya tundra, xiii mandalada (uprising), 21,49-51,263ml, 263113. See also collectivization, shaman, yedinolichniki marginalization (sense of), 7,40,70,72,246, 262П1. See also conversion marriage, 51,61,62,141,229-230,278716; arranged, 23,99,139; among Christians, 4, 99-100,128,139,147,152,268П6; between cousins, 34; and negotiations, 177,186-187. See also matchmaking, parti, witchcraft
Index martyrdom: Soviet-era experience of, 36,117-118. See also persecutions. Unregistered Baptists Marxism (Soviet), 9,23,236,247,249-250. See also materiality matchmaking, 177-178,187,247,270ml, 27318. See also Baptist missionaries, bridewealth, marriage, silence materiality, 2 49,265127, 27119; and Christians, 102,124,131,132,133-135,139, 156,160,162,245,276127; and language, 194,278114 as object of ethnography, 106-107; for Soviet Marxists, 9 Mattingly, Cheryl, 281120 Mauss, Marcel, 27718 Mayotte, 25714 Mead, George Herbert, 239 medical care (by the state), 9, 23,32-33, 58-59,65,82,89-90,162,181,264119 Melanesia, 239,276130 men: becoming shift workers, 41,42ft the Bible on, 91; and bodily gestures, 32; as Christians, 40,65,80,216,246; herding reindeer, 26,32,171; hiding from the authorities, 54; repressed by the Soviets, 21,49-50; and ritual pollution, 187,226 (see also pollution); starting independent life, 228; in the tent, 78; and urban clothing, 128; and women making decisions, 97. See also women Mennonites, 112 Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 195 Michalski, Sergiusz, 136-137 Mikola, 45,238,278116. See also Nicholas mining, 24,47,137; of coal, 24,54,99,110, 113,259115, 265129, 268П9. See also oil and gas missionaries. See Baptist missionaries, Pentecostal missionaries modernity, 7-8,41,63,103,132,134,246, 268nio; and conversion, 81-83,85,102, 250. See also idol, Protestantism Mongolia, 8,275124; Inner Mongolia, 236 Mongols, 178 monkey (ngayatar), 43-44. too. See also name morality system, 7,8,10-11,17,236,249-250, 25715. See also ethics Moscow, 26,41,58,137,25817 I 327
museum, 107,137,138 myadpukhutsya (female spirit figure), 137, 142,163,27019. See also birth, khekhe, spirits, women myenarui (lead reindeer), 141,247,248f, 270112. See also reindeer Nadym, 122 name, naming: avoiding of, 172,178-179,183, 27313; in Christians’ addresses, 107,178, 192; of clan or lineage, 188,190,26214 given by Russian Orthodox Church, 23; God’s, 218,243; ignorance of Jesus’, 36,262131; injurious, 192,194,210,226; invoking spirits by, 98,187; of neighboring groups, 41-42, 25712, 258П10; nicknames, 100-101; in passport, 148,210-211 (see also passportization); and personhood, 16, 65-66,183,244; registered by authorities, 58,65-67; and subjectivation, 179-180,194. See also devil, God, interpellation, Jesus, language, personhood, subjectivation Naryan-Mar, xiii, xiv, 32,47,48,53-54, 60, 63-65,68,88,99,119,162,259115, 264122, 265126, 26815 Ned-Yu (mountain), 50 Nelmin-Nos, 261126 Nenets language, xiii, 19,53,79-80,123,161, 2580010-11; as barrier, 269115; Russians’ ignorance of, 67; switching between Russian and, 3,78,93,243. See also language ideology, Russian language Nenets Autonomous Region, xiii, 19,26,32, 41,48,49,52-54,56,121,25819, 258П11, 259015,263115, 265128 “Nenets church”, 40,93,269115 Nerkagi, Anna, 27211 Nevskiy (Orthodox priest), 27015 Nga (Nenets deity), 43-44,187,271113. See also devil, ngylyeka, spirits Nganasan, 274113; language, 258П10 Nganorakha (mountains), 50 Ngutos Pe (mountain), 141 ngylyeka (underworld spirit), 43,78-79,92, 164. See also dead, devil, Nga, spirits Nicholas (saint), 23,45,46f, 202,278П16. See also icon, Mikola Niemi,
Jarkko, 182,274113, 274015 Nikon, patriarch, 259115
328 I Index Nizhnyaya Pyosha, 26317 nomads, nomadism, xiii, 5,10,19,23, 24-25,28,32,39, 45, 52,62,68,70,88, 100,108,242, 246, 249,251,257m, 258П9, 259119, 260121, 26214, 263114, 265128; abandoning life of, 41,98,99; and seasonal migration, 25-26,39,45,77,86,139, 26214 and spirits, 271113; the state attempting to control, 58-59; visiting settlements, 32,61, 69,142,230,246. See also Independents, pastures, reindeer, sedentarization non-Christians (nonconverts, nonbelievers), 15, 34, 77. 91 109,123,148,166, 227, 238, 262m, 270112, 280ml; and alcohol, 95-97, 26719 (see also alcohol); criticizing converts, 12,80,98; distanced from their Christian kin, 85,97, 244 (see also kin); and exchange with Christians, 229,27915 (see also exchange); joking, 131,139, 200; and purity, 229; resisting conversion, 34, 61,99,163,172,174,176-179,193; and sacred objects, 162,189,270П10; and words, 194, 196, 221,232,237, 244 (see also words). See also animists, conversion, “pagan” nonverbal communication (gestures), 4, 6, 10,14,194,197,205,208,209,210, 216, 217, 243, 260123, 27317. See also men, silence Norwegians, 22, 68 Novyi Port, 122 Num (sky deity), 270113; in converts’ rhetoric, 205, 243; shaped by Orthodoxy, 43,202, 238; women promised to, 278П16. See also God nyaro (pure), 230. See also pollution, purification, syaqmei pad, women nyeney (real, human), 28,42,100,183,246. See also nomads, ontology Ob River, 22,23, 49 Obdorsk, 22 oil and gas, 24,154,166 Old Believers, 9-10, 259115 ontology, 6,7,16,17,28,33-34, 131-132,160, 165,185,195. 200, 239, 243. 261127 265127 269П2. See also animists,
human-animal relations, nyeney, shamanism, words oral, orality: and Nenets tradition, 43,177; and written texts, 14,78,135,186,202-203, 207. See also language, words “pagan”, xiv, 79,91,124,132,162,218,259117; converts struggling with aspects defined as, 233,238; evangelicals’ view of, 15,23, 34-35.37. 78, 93.97.138,198; idols, 150 (see also idol); the past defined as, 43,173,175, 180,185, 217,246, 268П4; rituals, 34,173; term discussed, 258П8. See also animists, non-Christians, past Papua New Guinea, 13,71,239 parasitism (social), 53-54 Parry, Jonathan, 153 part-persons, 16,165,180,194. See also khekhe, personhood, words passportization, 59,65, 66f, 69,81,264121. See also name, past, 37,125; Baptists glorifying, 118; breaking with, 81,82,90,103,133,175,180, 214,225, 237,238,244; ideas and habits from, 4,6, 7,79,184-185,194-195,221,232,244-245, 247,281118; Independents as from, 32,55; Soviets denouncing, 8,26317, 28119. See also future, “pagan”, rupture, temporality pastor (minister, presbyter), 12,213,26129, 26717; Baptist, xiii, 40,77,78,79,86, 89-90,93,100,108,109-116,118,123,125, 127,145,205,213,218,231, 264П16,26716, 277110; Pentecostal, 34,139,143,148,154. 208,242. See also Baptist missionaries, Pentecostal missionaries pastures, 12, 23-25,50,53,56,64,77,153-154, 161,181,197,228,241,25712, 260121, 260125, 265126, 266130, 26815. See also nomads, reindeer Paul (apostle, saint), 84,91,92,115,117,124, 134,146,229,28116. See also conversion Paxson, Margaret, 275124 Pechora, 22,259115 Pe Mal Khada (Nenets deity), 141-142,161, 164,186,270—271113, 271П19. See also birth,
Khadam Pe, khekhe Pelkmans, Mathijs, 85 Pentecostal missionaries, 4,139-161; competing with Baptist missionaries, 5,
Index 6,139-148; and their organizations, 143, 27116. See also Baptist missionaries, icon, Pentecostals Pentecostals, xiv, 34,104,131-167,261129; in All-Union Council, 26712; Baptists about, 147; charismatic neo-Pentecostals, 34; church (prayer house), 143; conversion to, 17,139,185,246 (see also conversion); and finding partner, 139; identifying as Christian, 147,26130; perceived as “foreign”, 36; and personhood, 33-34, 150,187; and registration, 36,104,112; and speaking, 145,242 (see also speaking in tongues); and style of worship, 145; thinking about joining Baptists, 139,144, 147; and women, 146. See also All-Union Council of Evangelical Christians-Baptists, baptism, Baptist missionaries, devil, icon, language, literalism, pastor, Pentecostal missionaries, prayer, registration, singing, tolerance, Vorkuta, words Perm Territory, 9 persecutions: of minority Christians in Russia, 5,9,105,109,110,117-118,249; of shamans, 51. See also martyrdom, repressions. Unregistered Baptists personal song (yabye syo), 175,182-184. See also alcohol, emotion, name, singing personhood: in conversion, 226,229,243, 244; and evangelicals, 14-15,116,180, 239; and language, 13,17,172-173,184, 185-186,193,194,195-196,244; and name, see name; and reindeer, see reindeer; and songs, 183-184,198. See also conversion, exchange, individualism, words perspective-taking, 11,26,81,90,185,200, 213, 220,235-241,243,249,281118. See also conversion, God, God’s-eye view, language, “pagan”, subject-language, subject position Petrone, Karen, 26216 Petrozavodsk, 125 Pietz, William, 26912 pike (fish),
135,188-189, 275122 pollution (ritual impurity): avoiding among Christians, 116; Christians regarding idols as, 27018; in mission encounter confusion I 329 over, 230-231; related female things and qualities, 187-188,226, 230,271115 (see also women); and Russians, 130. See also men, nyaro, purification, reindeer Pomors, 22 Popov, Andrey, 27318 parti, 187-188,275119. See also curses, evil word, gossip, pollution, witchcraft, words prayer, praying, 3,14,34,77,79-80,94€ 123, 127,174,203,210,216, 225,230, 231,232, 233,234; of baptismal service, 211-213 (see also baptism); centrality of, 200, 216; communal, 79,98,124; introductory, 78, 146,209, 213; missionary’s instructions on, 213-214; Nenets sacrificial, 185-186, 230; and Nenets women, 216; among Pentecostals, 143-144.148,150,154; by plan, 117; of repentance, 11,181,184,204, 241,243 (see also repentance); for rulers, 117; spontaneous, 88; of thanks, 209. See also Baptist language, forgiveness, God, language, sincerity predators, 26,34,44,188, 230, 242. See also bears, lutsa, reindeer, wolves Prokhorov, Konstantin, 264123, 269112 Prokof’ev, Aleksey, 113 Prokof'ev, Georgiy, 47, 272122 Prokof eva, Yekaterina, 272122 promise (oath): in Christian rituals, 11,205, 208,213,218-219; in conversion, 6-7,11, 14,98,163,185,200,220-222,225, 242, 251; God’s, 121,125,201, 221,233; Independents giving to the authorities, 58; among Nenets animists, 270112, 278116. See also baptism, conversion, God, Num Protestantism: conversion to, 10,223; on idols, 132-133,137,164,244; and individualism, 164,226 (see also individualism); and language, 12,243
(see also language); and missionaries, 36-37, 187; and modernity, 81,83; perception among Baptists, 108; in Russia, 4-5,104, 112,134, 25713, 269113; on sincerity, 203, 209 (see also sincerity); and theology, 117, 201. See also conversion. Reformation, Russian Orthodoxy Prourzin, Ivan, 48,263П9
330 I Index purification: Christians on, 79,90,213, 222,224,229-231,27917 (see also sanctification); as Nenets ritual, 189, 230 (see also nyaro, torabtq, women); of reform movements, 102,236,249. See also non-Christians, pollution, shaman Puritans (of New England), 239 Pushkareva, Yelena, 27313, 273П7,274116 Pustozersk, 22,259115, 26204 Quakers, 197 quarrels, 88,142,189; creating an emotional bond, 18ο, 190,227. See also emotion, dead Rappaport, Roy, 203 Ravna, Zoia Vylka, 260123 Reformation, 132,134,136,209. See also Protestantism Registered Baptists, 114-115,127-128,129, 268П10. See also All-Union Council of Evangelical Christians-Baptists, Unregistered Baptists registration, 112-113; of Baptists, 4,35, 109,129,268П6,269П13; of Baptists and Independents compared, 129; of Pentecostals, 36,104,112. See also Pentecostals, Registered Baptists, Unregistered Baptists reindeer, 24-32,41,106,155,171,205,259119; alienated from, 28,41,246; and being Nenets, 19,28,33,41-43,70,98,100-101, 226,246,250,260121; and collectivization, 19,24,32,44,47,48-49.5°. 56,58-59. 109; dedicated to gods, 161 (see also myenarui); consuming raw blood of, 34. 35f, 78,150,177; enabling independence, 227; as gift, 193,196,269115, 27915 given on loan, 227,27915; human-reindeer relations, 26; losing of, 28,45,61,95,99, 163-164,227,260П21,275125 migration of, 25; in missionaries’ rhetoric, 136,153; personal or private ownership of, xiii, 19.29,39,53,64,100; and personhood, 26,101,193,194,196,226,276126; and practical knowledge, 17,32,49,189,232, 240-241,260123; and predation, 33-34. 142,186,189 (see also
predators); reindeer luck (tyyab), 29,140-141; reindeer races, 65,78,89; and ritual pollution, 230,238, 27918 (see also pollution); sacrifice of, see sacrifice; shaman as, 274116; and spirits or gods, 155-156,161,2 27,271113; stealing of, 89-90,186; tensions over pastures of, 12,23-24; toys of, 69; various uses of, 24, 26,62,63,68,86,88,100,138,146,166, 197-198. zoo, 264117, 272125, 27318. See also collectivization, disease, epidemic, exchange, heart, men, nomads, pastures. Reindeer Day, tarqpad Reindeer Day, xiii, 48,65 repentance, 11,14,15,84,89,114,181,200, 204,214, 225,243; calls for, 242; as readmittance, 28119. See also forgiveness, prayer, conversion repetition, 3,154,172,175-176,242,27317; Baptists’ view of, 175,181; Christian practices of, 80,205; Nenets participatory, 151,176-177; shamanic practice of, 27317. See also language, words repressions, 5,21,32-33,39,46,47,110,114, 118,250,259114, 26319, 26712. See also Communists, Council of Churches of Evangelical Christians-Baptists, Gulag, men, persecutions, shaman. Stalinist period. Unregistered Baptists residence permit (propiska), 55,63,66,264119 responsibility, 131,180,191,195,245,264115; among Christians, 13,16,107,162,208, 219,226,233,278112, 280114; shifting, 165, 166-167. See also intentions, interiority, sincerity, words Robbins, Joel, 7,13,40,71-72,102,119,244, 278m Rogers, Douglas, 9 Rosaldo, Michelle, 195 rupture: in Christians’ and Communists’ ideologies, 125,281116; and evangelicals, 82,88,102,225,246; and modernity, 81. See also past, temporality Russian. See lutsa Russian language, 54,60,67,143,204,
258П10,28212; Christians’ usage of, 3,205, 211; enabling interethnic missionization, 126; poor knowledge of, 3,19,63,87,238;
Index and singing, 61,80, 182 (see also singing). See also Nenets language Russian Orthodoxy: and animosity toward Protestants, 36; Baptists’ view on, 108; and condemnation of idols, 259115; conversion to, 23 (see also conversion); and icons, 134, 135 155; and language, 12,214; among Nenets reindeer herders, 36-37,43,45,48,95,102, 43,135 139.164.202,218-219,239,262131, 27015, 281121; and Old Believers, 9; and proselytization in tsarist period, 5,22-23,45, 92,137,249,259ПП17-18; and proselytization today among Nenets, 36; and Russian Synodal Bible, 207; and Soviet state, 46,155. See also devil, icon, name. Num, sacrifice sacred objects (figures, images), 78,97,135, 138,141-142,157,161,164-165,186,188,204, 259115, 27019, 271119, 271ПП13-14,272122; Bible as, 269П4; burning of, 3,34,37,45, 4i 139. 142,143,154-161,163,165,166, 244, 245,270П6, 272125 (see also fire). See also icon, idol, khekhe, non-Christians, sacred site, sacred sledge, syadei, temporality sacred site (khekhe ya), 45,123,137,141-142, 161,165,230,244, 246,260121, 27018, 271113—14, 2721121—22. See also idol, khekhe, sacred objects, spirits, syadei sacred sledge (khekhengari), 142,155,163,164, 189,271113, 271115. See also khekhe, sacred objects sacrifice, 44, 45,155,164,281115; abandoning, 94; Christian concept of, 3,153,216,221, 222; converts on animist, 93; for the newborn, 33; to Orthodox icons, 23 (see also icon); of reindeer, 8,34,141,186, 271113, 275121 Russian missionaries condemning, 34; words used during, 185-186, 271113, 274117. See also alcohol, animists, prayer, reindeer, spirits Sahlins, Marshall, 72
Saint Petersburg (Leningrad), 68, 99,26217 Salekhard, 22,53, 58,153,258П7 salvation, 13-14,45,68,81,93,96,154,174, 178,185,199, 201,222, 223,224-226,231, 237, 240, 27714. See also future Sami, 26717 I 331 Samoyeds, in historical sources, 22-23, 259117; language group of, 258ПЮ; as old name for Nenets, 259116 sanctification, 114,224-225,27919. See also purification sanggovo vada. See heavy word Scandinavia, 26717 school (boarding school, internat): and Baptist missionaries, 68,112,126, 267П11; and effect on Nenets youth, 33,60, 61-62, 67,86,204; forcibly taken to, 59-60; Nenets avoiding, xiii, 4. 43 53-54.222; and post-Soviet period, 67, 69,7of, 81,91, 99, 247, 265129; and Soviet reformism, 23,59,63,91,186, 26317, 264119, 265125; Summer Nomadic School, xiii, 68. See also Independents, Vorkuta, youth Second World War, 44-45,49,151-153 secret police (OGPU, NKVD, KGB), 46, 54, 112,113,275119, 278П12, 280113 sedentarization, 9,26, 28,39,41,59.99-юо, 227, 258ml, 260122. See also city, nomads self-transformation (self-cultivation, self formation): among Christians, 4,8,10,13, 38,81,84-85,101,219,220,222-226,233-234, 249-250,25716, 27912, 27914, 281116, 28119 (see also coherence); among Soviets, 249,281119. See also conversion, ethics Selkup language, 258т10 semiotic ideology, 16,132,265127. See also language ideology senses: and faith, 14,134-135. 26913 Ser Ngo Iri (Nenets deity), 27013 sermon, 3,78-79,107,125,127,135,143,202, 223,229,231, 27714 Baptist postbaptismal, 210; on love, 151-154; women not allowed to deliver, 80,207. See also baptism Seventh-day Adventists, 112 shaman
(tadyebya): acting in the mandalada, 50-51 (see also mandalada); avoiding the state, 263114 and Christian conversion, 84,88-93,101-102,247; “Christian shaman”, 102; desire to become, 33,92,266П3; and drums burned, 27016; giving khekheq, 271114 (see also khekhe); and hair, 91; and harmful magic, 187,191,275122; and healing, 27019,
332 J Index 2751119; and helper during a seance, 273η/; and initiation, 92,227,26613 26615 in missionary narratives, 138; predicting future, 50,261126, 27313; and purification rite, 230; and related abilities, 33,227; repressed as class enemies, 21,47,112, 137 259113, 26319 (see also kulaks); and singing, 184-185,27113, 27317 274116, 275123; in Soviet narratives, 26318; and spirit helpers (tadyebtsoq), 90,92,188-189 (see also spirits); travelling to the sky, 272120. See also conversion, persecutions, shamanism, reindeer, repetition shamanism, 9; Christians denouncing, 33, 51,182,244; different from organized religions, 8,260126; disappearing in the 20th century, 23,92-93,260121; and neo Pentecostals, 34; as neoshamanism, 261126; persisting in ontological sensibilities, 33, 261126 (see also ontology). See also shaman Siberia, 32,52,137,171,183,250,25712, 258П9, 258ml, 26128, 26718, 27017, 27212, 27916 silence, 3,6,11,37,219,241,243,272m, 273ПП2-4,274ml, 274113; biblical command to keep, 146; Christians on, 172-173,178,197,243,246; inherent in language, 12; and matchmaking, 177-178, 186,27318; misread as pensiveness, 181; Nenets being in, 54,62,69,77,86,98,171, 185; as a refusal and self-protection, 3, 174,176,178,179,214,242,244; silencing the other, 180-181,214. See also birth, language, matchmaking, nonverbal communication, silence act, speech silence act, 17,171-182,193,242. See also silence, speech act theory sin, 62,110,115-116,157,163,178,182,184,198, 218,223-226,232,237,279m, 28119. See also anger, forgiveness, laughter, taboo sincerity: and Communists, 61,264124 and
intention, 240,241 (see also intention); and interiority, 14,27612; and ritual, 208-209; and words, 3,15-16,150,174,175,196,203204,221,243,278П14. See also interiority, language ideology, prayer, Protestantism singing: among Christian converts, 14,68, 80,121,146,194-195,2iif; and Christian hymns, 3,80,110,135,143,148,161,182, 209,231; denounced by Christians, 182; Nenets way of (khynots'), 78,94, 175, 177,179,182-185,198,204,232,233, 238,244, 274113; and Pentecostals, 143; and Reindeer Day, 65; Russian way of (yanggerts"), 80,182 (see also Russian language); and shamans, see shaman. See also alcohol, devil, epic song, God, personal song Skvirskaja, Vera, 165,26128 sky, 119,165,202,270113 272120. See also Num, shaman Sneath, David, 8 snowmobiles, 86,87€ 88,121,227,241 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 174 Song, Eunsub, 25817 Sora, 250,27315, 28118 soul, 183,247; breath-soul (yindq), 164-165, 187,272119; Christians’ view of, 90,107, 108,117,123,129,138,178,181,184,199, 200,215,219,222-225,239,266m; of khekhe, 164-165 (see also khekhe); among Nganasan, 274113; shadow soul (sidyangg), 91,157,164-165,27119; soul-image (ngytarma), 204; among Yukaghir, 272119. See also body, interiority South Korea, 25817 Sovetskiy (village), 69,7if, 91,190,265129; Village Council of, 69,142 Soviet language, 60,62,264123, 27612. See also Communists, language, words Sovietization, 21,39,44. See also youth Soyuzpushnina, 55 speaking in tongues (glossolalia), 112, 143,148,152,216,234,268П2. See also Pentecostals speech: avoiding, 27212; embodied and disembodied, 193-196; evangelicals’,
16,178,180-181,197,202,203, 205,207, 209-210,213,219,243; of the fire, 189, 275123; and intentions, 195 (see also intention); making public, 58,65,88; and silence, 172,174,214,242 (see also silence); speech community, 11,221; speech event, 37,148,200,208. See also articulacy, Baptist language, fire, God, hate speech.
Index language, love speech, speech act, speech act theory, spirits, tongue, words speech act, 200,237,27612. See also silence act, speech, speech act theory speech act theory, 16-17,18,60,194,199,216, 276128. See also speech, speech act spirits (gods, deities), 4,26,29,34,45,50,79, 92,93,123,133,137,140-141,150,155.161,165, 185,226-227,229,234,245,270113, 271114, 2751120—21, 280П10; alcohol offered to, see alcohol; converts disengaging from, 157, 161,162-165,166,238,244,246,247; harm coming from, 91,98,155-156,189,260121, 270ПЮ, 281П15; and Russian saints, 45,159, 25714 Russians originating from, 43-44; and shamans, 188-189,242,26615; and speech, 172,185,188,196 (see also speech). See also birth. Communists, devil, disease, fire, ikota, khekhe, lutsa, myadpukhutsya, name, Nga, ngylyeka, nomads, reindeer, sacred sites, sacrifice, shaman, syadei, tent, yidyerv spontaneity, 217; as conceptualized among Christians, 14,206-207,217. See abo prayer Ssorin-Chaikov, Nikolai, 124 St. Elijah’s Day, 48; turned into Reindeer Day, 48. See abo Reindeer Day Stalin, Joseph, 23,44,51-52,54,112,26216, 27316, 28119 Stalinist period, 4,19,39 44,46,124, 250,26712, 277—278112. See also collectivization. Gulag, industrialization, repressions, Stalin Stammler, Florian, 275125 Stasch, Rupert, 276130 state farm (sovkhoz), 8,19,47,56,62,166, 258112, 264—265125, 264125; of Baidarata, 58; in Komi, 56; of Usinsk, 56; of Vorkuta, see Vorkuta. See also collectivization, collective farm Strathern, Marilyn, 239 Stundists (Shtundists), 136 subject-language, 237-238. See also language, perspective-taking
subject position, 200,238-240. See also perspective-taking I 333 subjectivation, 179-180,196. See also interpellation, name Sudan, 26 Sumba, 16,132,218 Sunday: among evangelicals, 11,77-80,205, 241; keeping in the past, 97,281121 Swedish, 13,26717, 276127 syadei (spirit figure), 45,137,165,27015. See also devil, idol, khekhe, sacred objects, sacred site, spirits syaqtnei pad (bag of female boots), 187-188, 230,231. See also evil word, pollution, parti, women Syoyakha, 118,122 taboo (khebyakha, khevy), 184,187,238, 275120, 281121. See also sin, women tacit and explicit, 6,7,10,245. See also silence Taimyr Peninsula, 260122, 27318 Taleyev, Nikolai (Shaman Kolya), 261126 Taleyeva, Lyudmila, xiii, xiv Tambiah, Stanley, 218 tarq pad, 140,142. See also reindeer taxation, 22,47, 49,50,109, 26214 26216, 265126. See abo furs Taylor, Charles, 146 teltanggoda (shaman helper), 27317. See also shaman temporality, 48,247,250; and Christians, 37, 83,105,119,121-122,124,154,175,224; and Nenets sacred objects, 165; and Soviets, 124. See also eschatology, future, past, rupture tent (chum, mya), 3,24,26,41,48,58,60, 61,92,100,107,138,141,146-148,149, 163,171,175,176,177,185,188-189,197, 209,223; Baptists redecorating, 135,175; covers of, 26,32,48,65,136; ritually pure and impure parts of, 36,187,231,271115, 280ПЮ (see also men, pollution, women); and spirits, 142,155,27019 (see also spirits) Tereshchenko, Natal’ya, 274117, 275124 Thrift, Nigel, 276129 Throop, Jason, 28117 tobacco, 22,78,97,181 tolerance: Baptist missionary denouncing, 108; God’s, 154; Pentecostals on, 147
334 I Index Tolkachev, Viktor, 53 tongue: disciplining ones, 197-200,213,217, 219, 232, 233; Nenets sayings of, 276m. See also Baptist language, language, speech, words torabtq, 230, 27918. See also purification Tozhu, 52 trade, 22,32,45, 55,69,95, 97,218, 264118; as post-Soviet business, 40, 85,86,100,102, 247. See also army, goods translation, 86,229-230,237, 269116, 27018; of the Bible, 14,126,207, 257-258П7, 275120 (see also Bible); of hymns, 182; during rituals and services, 3,78, 208, 213. See also Baptist missionaries Troeltsch, Ernst, 117 truth-event, 84,237. See also decision-event Turner, Frederick Jackson, 46 Tybertya (clan-community), 266130 Ukraine, 53,68,146, 261129, 268П9, 271116 Ukrainians, xiii, 11,126,134,146,178,257m, 26129 United States, 46,88; evangelicals in, 13,200, 27716, 28120 Unregistered Baptists, 5,9,14,104-130; being repressed, 114,118-119, 218; as descendants of early church, 105,107, 186-187,191,25712, 259117, 260121, 26211 263114, 265125, 265128, 266П30,269115. See also Independents, nomads, Ural Mountains, Yamb-To, yedinolichniki Ural Mountains (Ngarka Pe), 18,26,41,45, 49-5°, 51,56,123,137,139,141-142,163,223, 259117, 26128; and its northernmost part (Polar Urals), 21-37,50, 52 56,69,166,25712 Urapmin, 71-72,278m Urier (mythic shaman), 272120 Usa River, 26214 Usinsk, 56 Ust-Kara, 33, 58, 60, 62, 67; collective farm in, 5i 53,56, 62,67,95,265126 Ust-Tsilma, 259115 Vagramenko, Tatiana, 261128, 267П10 Vaigach, 22,122-123; Gulag on, 46, 48; as sacred island, 45,123,137,141,27018 Valeri, Valerio, 272119 Varnek,123 Vasil’ev, Vladimir, 55-56
Velichko, Fyodor, 271116 Veniamin (archimandrite), 23,137, 259117 Verbov, Grigoriy, 272122 Vesako (Nenets deity), 137 vevako vada. See evil word vigilance, 107,109,225,231. See also devil 124-125; evangelizing ethnic minorities, 125-126; and ideology on separation from the state, 104,107,109,114-119,127, Vineyard Christians, 224 Vins, Georgiy, 113 Vitebsky, Piers, 229,250,27315, 276126, 129; on marriage, 128; and myth of Holy Russia, 126; official and other names of, 104,267m; and registration, 4,35,109,129, 268n6,269113; schismatic tendencies of, 109; seen as dissidents, 115; self-identifying as believers, 26130; and their definition of outsiders, 107; and their journals, 110, 281118 Viveiros de Castro, Eduardo, 261127 114,118,134,267ml; on worldly rulers, 114. See also Baptist missionaries, Council of Churches of Evangelical ChristiansBaptists, martyrdom, persecutions, Registered Baptists, registration, repressions, Vorkuta Baptist church Ural Nenets (community of Independents), xiv, 4,19,24-25,32,37,44,5i 58,61,63, 69-70, 86,91,93-94,100,141,164,166, vodka. See alcohol Vorgashor, xiv, 265129 Vorkuta, xiii-xiv, 3,24,99,122,128,162, 218, 259115, 263115, 265128; and Gulag, 2 4,110, 264117, 268П8 (see also Gulag); history of Baptist church in, 109-114,117-118,119, 267—26812; hymn on, 8 0,110; missionaries from, 105,139,142,268П9; Nenets settling in, 61-62,63,100; Nenets visiting, 69,89, 95,161; Pentecostals in, 143,208, 26812, 271116; prayer house in, 77,86,93,107, 142,223; school in, 68; state farm of, 63, 141,265126, 266П30. See also atheism, city, Vorkuta Baptist church
Index Vorkuta Baptist church, 109-114,26712; as autonomous congregation, 114. See also Baptist missionaries, Unregistered Baptists, Vorkuta Vorkuta River, 24 Wanner, Catherine, 11,129 Western Apache, 43,172 Willerslev, Rane, 272119 Williams, Bernard, 25715 witchcraft, 44,186-187, 190,192,242, 275122, 275125. See also curses, evil word, marriage, porti witnessing (Christian testimony), 16,110, 121,125,132-133,178,199,200,213, 215, 218, 222, 237, 241,243. See also Baptist language Wittenberg, 133 Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 12 wolves, 33-34,44,56,189, 227,230, 244. See also predators, reindeer women: and Baptists, 78,79,80,93,128,146, 216, 26716; and labor division, 32,49; and motivation to convert, 96-97,267П10; and purity rules, 142,187,226,230,231,238, 271115, 280П10 (see also nyaro, syaqmei pad); and Soviets, 23,26, 41. See also authority, baptism. Baptist missionaries, men, myadpukhutsya, Num, Pentecostals, pollution, prayer, purification, sermon, taboo Word of Life, 13 words: abounding among Christians, 3,13, 148,171,197; being cautious with, 4,276m, 278115, 28119; being fixed in Christian rituals, 205, 207; being justified by, 200; being underdetermined, 160,166; in conversion, see language; and deeds, 12, 17, 2 2 6, 2 43, 269115; efficacious through God, 201-202, 218; and fasting, 205; and inner intentions, 14-15,192,194,195, 208-209, 215,241, 243 (see also intention); “living word”, 135; and ontologies, 16-17, 98,124,131» 171,182,185,193-194,198, 218, 2 2 6, 2 43, 274117 (see also ontology); among Pentecostals, 148,276127; and personhood, see personhood; and I 335
representation, 16,37; Russians’ intrusive, 4,16,176-177,186,193,242 (see also evil word); of Soviets, 48,113,26318 (see also Soviet language); and tacit knowledge, 10,172,243; taking responsibility for, 13,16 (see also responsibility); and their binding force, 38,172,180. See also Baptist, language, God’s Word, language, language ideology, non-Christians, repetition, speech wordscapes, 17,38,172. See also words Yabtam Pe (mountain), 142 yabye syo. See personal song Yamal Khekhe (Nenets deity), 123,270113 Yamal Peninsula, 52,53,55-56,118,123,141, 165,260121, 26813; etymology of, 122-123 Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region, 19, 41,56, 58,92,149, 258П9, 258ml, 261128, 265125, 265128, 266ПП29-30; Nenets of, 165,223, 257П4,259117, 267П10,274115, 278114 Yamb-To (community of Nenets Independents), xiii-xiv, 4,19, 24-25,32-33, 36, 44, 51,56-58,61, 63-69,77-80,86,93, 95,96,138,162,163,166,174,178, 233, 238, 25712, 258ПШО-11,264122, 2651125—26, 265128, 26815, 270112, 27317. See also Independents, Ural Nenets Yaminya (Nenets deity), 27019 Yarovaya Law, 269113 Yaungad, Khabecha, 61, 28212 Yavtysyi, Prokopi, xiii, xiv, 32 yedinolichniki (lichniki): elsewhere in Siberia, 263114; in the mandalada, 50; Soviet activists trying to collectivize, 53, 59, 81, 26318; Soviet category of, 4,47,52, 2 6 2П6,264125. See also collectivization, grey-zone herders. Independents, Ural Nenets, Yamb-To Yenisei River, 18 Yevladov, Vladimir, 106,165,166, 227,26813 Yevsyugin, Arkadi, 48-49, 54-55,237,26217 yidyerv (water spirit), 186,189,275122, 28115. See also pike Yoshida, Atsushi, 264125
336 I Index youth, 228; alienated from tundra life, 28; and Baptists, 9,99,112,113,118,126, 247; becoming independent, 227-228; being adaptive to change, 28-29,39-40, 72,83,85,87-88,98-101,173,223,245, 246,247; and Soviet policies, 113,247; and Sovietization, 60,61. See also city, conversion, school Yugor Peninsula, 56 Yugor Strait, 45 Yukaghir, 272119 Yurchak, Alexei, 60,27612 Yusharskiy Village Council, 56 Zimbabwe, 135 Zizek, Slavoj, 237,277112 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Vallikivi, Laur |
| author_GND | (DE-588)133236957X |
| author_facet | Vallikivi, Laur |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Vallikivi, Laur |
| author_variant | l v lv |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV049699117 |
| classification_rvk | LC 29326 LB 46327 LB 48326 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1439100392 (DE-599)BVBBV049699117 |
| discipline | Sozial-/Kulturanthropologie / Empirische Kulturwissenschaft |
| format | Book |
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It presents an unusually rich ethnography of a part of a community in Europe's farthest Arctic Northeast, with a focus on an extremely difficult topic to do fieldwork on: the conversion of a so-far hardly known group of reindeer nomads to radical evangelical Baptism / Pentecostalism." - Florian Stammler, author of Reindeer Nomads Meet the Market: Culture, Property and Globalisation at the "End of the Land" "Although not working from within the subdiscipline of linguistic anthropology, Vallikivi foregrounds speaking and communication in his analysis of the transformation from "pagan" to Christian. He finds a complex interweaving of speaking and refraining from speaking is key to Nenets personhood, and demonstrates how we have to understand cultural ways of speaking in order to understand Nenets Baptists and Pentecostals.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">[...] I have been reviewing book manuscripts for two decades for over a dozen presses, and this is by far the most polished and impressive manuscript I have read." - Alexander D. King, author of Living with Koryak Traditions: Playing with Culture in Siberia Words and Silences tells the story of an extraordinary group of independent Nenets reindeer herders in the northwest Russian Arctic. Under socialism these nomads managed to avoid the Soviet state and its institutions of collectivization but soon after the atheist regime collapsed, while some staunchly resisted, many of them became fervent fundamentalist Christians. By exploring differing concepts of how traditional and convert Nenets use and define words, and of the meanings they ascribe to the withholding of speech, Vallikivi shows how a local form of global Christianity has emerged through intricate negotiations of self, sociality, and cosmology.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Moving beyond studies of modernization and globalization that have all-too-predictable outcomes for indigenous peoples, Words and Silences invites us to view not only religious devotees, but words themselves, as agents of a complex and ongoing transformation"--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Konversion</subfield><subfield code="g">Religion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4127377-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nenzen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041592-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Baptisten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4125244-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Pfingstbewegung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4136841-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nentsy / Russia, Northern / Social life and customs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nentsy / Missions / Russia, Northern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nentsy / Russia, Northern / Religion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Reindeer herders / Russia, Northern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russia, Northern / Social life and customs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Éleveurs de rennes / Russie (Nord)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Russie (Nord) / Murs et coutumes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Russie (Nord) / Murs et coutumes</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Missions / Russie (Nord)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Russie (Nord) / Religion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">PHILOSOPHY / Language</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nenzen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041592-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Konversion</subfield><subfield code="g">Religion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4127377-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Pfingstbewegung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4136841-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Baptisten</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4125244-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Online version</subfield><subfield code="a">Vallikivi, Laur</subfield><subfield code="t">Words and silences</subfield><subfield code="d">Bloomington, Indiana : Indiana University Press, [2024]</subfield><subfield code="z">9780253068774</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - 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| id | DE-604.BV049699117 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-08T13:00:56Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780253068767 9780253068750 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-035041558 |
| oclc_num | 1439100392 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-11 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-11 |
| physical | xvii, 336 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Porträts 23 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20240819 |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateSearch | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| publisher | Indiana University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Vallikivi, Laur Verfasser (DE-588)133236957X aut Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Laur Vallikivi Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Bloomington, Indiana Indiana University Press [2024] xvii, 336 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Porträts 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier ""This work is a masterpiece already as it stands now! It presents an unusually rich ethnography of a part of a community in Europe's farthest Arctic Northeast, with a focus on an extremely difficult topic to do fieldwork on: the conversion of a so-far hardly known group of reindeer nomads to radical evangelical Baptism / Pentecostalism." - Florian Stammler, author of Reindeer Nomads Meet the Market: Culture, Property and Globalisation at the "End of the Land" "Although not working from within the subdiscipline of linguistic anthropology, Vallikivi foregrounds speaking and communication in his analysis of the transformation from "pagan" to Christian. He finds a complex interweaving of speaking and refraining from speaking is key to Nenets personhood, and demonstrates how we have to understand cultural ways of speaking in order to understand Nenets Baptists and Pentecostals. [...] I have been reviewing book manuscripts for two decades for over a dozen presses, and this is by far the most polished and impressive manuscript I have read." - Alexander D. King, author of Living with Koryak Traditions: Playing with Culture in Siberia Words and Silences tells the story of an extraordinary group of independent Nenets reindeer herders in the northwest Russian Arctic. Under socialism these nomads managed to avoid the Soviet state and its institutions of collectivization but soon after the atheist regime collapsed, while some staunchly resisted, many of them became fervent fundamentalist Christians. By exploring differing concepts of how traditional and convert Nenets use and define words, and of the meanings they ascribe to the withholding of speech, Vallikivi shows how a local form of global Christianity has emerged through intricate negotiations of self, sociality, and cosmology. Moving beyond studies of modernization and globalization that have all-too-predictable outcomes for indigenous peoples, Words and Silences invites us to view not only religious devotees, but words themselves, as agents of a complex and ongoing transformation"-- Konversion Religion (DE-588)4127377-1 gnd rswk-swf Nenzen (DE-588)4041592-2 gnd rswk-swf Baptisten (DE-588)4125244-5 gnd rswk-swf Pfingstbewegung (DE-588)4136841-1 gnd rswk-swf Nentsy / Russia, Northern / Social life and customs Nentsy / Missions / Russia, Northern Nentsy / Russia, Northern / Religion Reindeer herders / Russia, Northern Russia, Northern / Social life and customs Éleveurs de rennes / Russie (Nord) Russie (Nord) / Murs et coutumes Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Russie (Nord) / Murs et coutumes Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Missions / Russie (Nord) Nenets (Peuple de Sibérie) / Russie (Nord) / Religion SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social PHILOSOPHY / Language Nenzen (DE-588)4041592-2 s Konversion Religion (DE-588)4127377-1 s Pfingstbewegung (DE-588)4136841-1 s Baptisten (DE-588)4125244-5 s DE-604 Online version Vallikivi, Laur Words and silences Bloomington, Indiana : Indiana University Press, [2024] 9780253068774 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Vallikivi, Laur Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Konversion Religion (DE-588)4127377-1 gnd Nenzen (DE-588)4041592-2 gnd Baptisten (DE-588)4125244-5 gnd Pfingstbewegung (DE-588)4136841-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4127377-1 (DE-588)4041592-2 (DE-588)4125244-5 (DE-588)4136841-1 |
| title | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic |
| title_alt | Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic |
| title_auth | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic |
| title_exact_search | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic |
| title_full | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Laur Vallikivi |
| title_fullStr | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Laur Vallikivi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Words and silences Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic Laur Vallikivi |
| title_short | Words and silences |
| title_sort | words and silences nenets reindeer herders and russian evangelical missionaries in the post soviet arctic |
| title_sub | Nenets reindeer herders and Russian evangelical missionaries in the post-Soviet arctic |
| topic | Konversion Religion (DE-588)4127377-1 gnd Nenzen (DE-588)4041592-2 gnd Baptisten (DE-588)4125244-5 gnd Pfingstbewegung (DE-588)4136841-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Konversion Religion Nenzen Baptisten Pfingstbewegung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=035041558&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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