Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China:
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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Singapore
Springer
[2023]
[Singapore] China Renmin University Press [2023] |
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| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | xiv, 619 Seiten 24,2 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789819902552 |
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Record in the Search Index
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents 1 2 Introduction ........................................................................................... 1 Some Questions About Chinese Ethical Thought ............................ 1.1 Research Objects of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought ......................................................... 1.2 The Stages of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought ........... 1.3 The Main Problems Studied by Chinese Ethical Thinkers .... 1.4 Basic Features of Chinese Ethical Thought.............................. 1.5 The Emergence and Evolution of Traditional Chinese Moral Codes ............................................................................ 1.6 Attitudes and Methods of Studying the History of Ethical Thought .................................................................................... 2 Theoretical Understanding and Methodological Principles of Critical Inheritance of Traditional Morality .................................. 2.1 A Historical Overview ............................................................. 2.2 General Principles..................................................................... 2.3 Why the Proletariat Can Inherit the Morality of the Exploiting Class ............................................................. 2.4 How to Understand the Relationship Between the Universal and the Particular in Critical Succession ........... 2.5 How to Understand the Special and Universal Significance of Moral Propositions and Moral Imperatives ... 2.6 Criteria for Distinguishing Between the Best and the Worst ... The Ethics Thought of the
Western Zhou Dynasty with the Duke of Zhou’s “Respecting Morality and Protecting the People” as the Core—Ethical Thoughts in Book of Documents, Book of Changes and Book of Songs 1 The Ethical Thoughts of Duke Zhou Reflected in Book of Changes.................................................................................... 1 1 1 5 6 13 18 24 28 29 37 38 39 40 41 43 43 vii
viii Contents 2 Ethical Thoughts in Book of Changes................................................................................... 52 3 Ethical Thoughts in Book of Songs .................................................. 57 3 Founder of Confucianism-Confucius ’s Ethical Thought with “Benevolence” as the Core................................................... 61 1 The Life of Confucius and the Historical Background .................... 61 2 Social Morality with “Love” as the Core ......................................... 66 3 Strengthening the Moral Norms of Filial Piety and Loyalty............. 73 4 Theory of Moral Cultivation of “Retain Yourself and Follow Social Norms”............................................................................. 79 5 Multi-level Ideal Personality of “Gentleman”, “Benevolent” and “Sage”................................................................................... 83 6 Thoughts of “Govern by Virtue” ...................................................... 86 7 The Righteousness-Benefit Viewof Righteousness Comes Before Interest”................................................................................. 91 7.1 About “Righteousness Before Profit”....................................... 91 7.2 “The Mind of the Superior Man is Conversant with Righteousness; the Mind of the Mean Man is Conversant with Gain” .................................................... 94 8 Confucius and Confucianism ........................................................... 99 8.1 Reasons for the Long-Standing Importance of Confucianism in Ancient
Times.................................. 100 8.2 The Primary Content of Confucianism ................................... 102 8.3 How to Understand the Confucian School................................ 112 8.4 The Contemporary Significance of Confucian Ethics ............. 117 8.5 The Right Attitude Towards Confucius and Confucianism .... 119 4 Ethical Thought in Mohism of Impartial Care and Equal Emphasis on Righteousness and Interest ................................... 125 1 The Life of Mozi and His Works ...................................................... 125 2 Ethical Thoughts with “Impartial Love” as the Core........................ 127 3 Principle of Equal Emphasis on Righteousness and Benefit and Utilitarianism in Ethics......................................................... 131 4 Against Fatalism for Anti-aggression ............................................... 135 5 Labor Creation Theory of “Labor to Survive” .................................. 137 6 Religious Ethics of “Heaven Can Appreciate the Good and Punish the Evil”.................................................................... 139 7 Moral Cultivation Theory Based on Behaviour ................................ 142 8 Political Thoughts of Promoting the Worthy and Identifying Upward .................................................................... 144 5 Development of Confucius’s Ethical Thought by Mencius and the Debate with Gaozi ........................................................... 147 1 The Life of Mencius and His Works ................................................ 147
Contents ix Opposition Between Innate Goodness and “Man’s Nature is Indifferent to Good and Evil” ..................................................... 148 3 Intuitive Knowledge, Intuitive Ability and Conscience Are the Core of Morality.................................................................... 153 4 Cultivation Theory Based on Innate Goodness and Conscience 156 5 Intentionalism of Righteousness Over Benefit .................................. 162 6 Value on Goodness............................................................................ 165 7 Five Bonds and Its Guidelines .......................................................... 166 8 Gaozi’s Theory on Human Nature of “Nature Comes with Birth”......................................................... 169 2 6 Taoist Ethics of “Nonaction” and “Detached from Righteousness and Benefit” ................................................... 1 The Ethical Thought of “Returning to Naturalness and Truth” 175 in Tao Те Ching............................................................................ 175 1.1 The Life of Laozi and the Book of “Laozi”............................. 175 1.2 The Worldview of the Book of “Laozi”................................... 178 1.3 The Gist of the “Laozi” ........................................................... 179 1.4 The Philosophy of “Doing Nothing but Doing Everything” ... 181 1.5 The Moral Ideal of Return to the Infant................................... 183 2 Yang Zhu’s Ethical Thought of “Cherishing Oneself’ and “Self-Favoritism”
................................................................ 185 2.1 The Life of Yang Zhu............................................................... 185 2.2 The Core of Yang Zhu’s Thoughts is ‘Valuing Oneself’ and ‘Rebirth’ ............................................................................ 187 2.3 Yang Zhu’s Theory on Happiness............................................. 191 2.4 The Social Role of Yang Zhu’s Thought .................................. 193 3 Zhuangzi’s Ethical Thought of “Righteousness Over Benefit” ........ 194 3.1 Zhuangzi’s Life and Works ...................................................... 194 3.2 From Epistemological Relativism to the Ethical Idea of Transcendental Good and Evil ................................... 197 3.3 Zhuangzi’s View of Life............................................................ 200 3.4 Emphasis on the Nature of Man, the Transcendence of Righteousness and Profit, and the Rejection of the Bondage of Confucian and Mexican Morality............... 206 3.5 Zhuangzi’s Theory of the Ideal of Life .................................... 210 3.6 The Duality of Zhuangzi’s Ethics and Its Historical Influence................................................................... 212 7 The Ethical Thought of Legalism of “Benefit Over Righteousness” ......................................................... 1 217 The Ethical Thoughts of Legalism in Qi(State) in Guan Zi ............. 217 1.1 The Life of Guanzi ................................................................... 217 1.2 An Ethical View of the Complementarity of
Ritual and Law ............................................................ 220 1.3 The Humanism of “Seeking Benefit Avoiding Harm”............ 222
Contents X A Preliminary Exploration of the Relationship Between Ethics and the Material Basis ............................................ 223 Han Fei’s Ethical Thought..................................................................... 2.1 The Life of Han Fei ..................................................................... 2.2 His Progressive View of History................................................. 2.3 All Men Are Self-conscious ....................................................... 2.4 Interaction Between People Is a “Counting” (or Calculating) Relationship ..................................................... 2.5 A Refutation of Confucian Benevolence and Morality ............ 2.6 Ruling Scheme that Combines Law, Tactics and Power .......... 2.7 Comments on Han Fei’s Thought............................................... 1.4 2 8 230 232 234 236 The Ethical Thoughts of Xun Kuang, the Representative Ethicist of Pre-qin Dynasty................................................................. 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 225 225 226 228 239 The Life of Xunzi ................................................................................... 239 The Human Nature Theory of “Love Benefits” and “Hate Harms”................................................................................... 241 Interpretation of “Courtesy” as a Normative System.......................... 245 The Complementary Thoughts in Politics and Ethics of “Govern by Virtue” and “Govern by Law”..................................... 249 4.1 Xunzi’s Definition of “Rites” and “Law”
.................................. 250 4.2 “Rites” and “Law” Should Be Given Equal Importance ........... 251 4.3 The Role of “Law” in Governing a State.................................... 253 4.4 The Role of “Rites” in Governing a State .................................. 253 4.5 “Rites” and “Law” Can be Complementary .............................. 255 4.6 “Ritual” Is More Fundamental Than “Law” .............................. 256 4.7 Governing the State and Cultivating Personal Moral Character ........................................................................... 257 4.8 Inspiration from Xunzi’s Political Ethics.................................... 259 The Concept of Righteousness and Benefit of “Man Can Pursue Both Righteousness and Benefit” ..................................... 259 Moral Education Theory Emphasizing “Law” and “Rite” ................ 262 Systematization of Confucian Ethics—Ethical Thoughts in Book of Rites and Book of Filial Piety......................................... 1 2 267 Ethical Thoughts in the Great Learning................................................ 1.1 Ethical Thoughts in the Great Learning...................................... 1.2 The Ethical Thought of Doctrine of the Mean .......................... 1.3 The Ethical Thought of the Conveyance of Rites ...................... 1.4 Ideas on the Ethical Relationship Between Husband and Wife in the Book of Rites...................................................... The Ethical Thought of the Book of Filial Piety ................................ 267 267 278 285 287 289
xi Contents 295 1 Life of Dong Zhongshu and His Works................................................ 295 2 The Reason for “Venerate Confucianism Only”.................................. 296 3 Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind and Gifted Morality ... 298 4 About “Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues”........ 301 5 Human Nature Theory of “Fail to Do Good Things Even with Goodness in Nature” ............................................................... 304 6 Motivation Theory of “Correct Moral” and “Declare Behavior” .... 307 7 The Concept of “Benefit Does Good to Body” and “Righteousness Nourishes Mind” ........................................... 310 10 Dong Zhongshu’s Theological Arguments for Confucian Ethics .... 11 The Improvement of Confucian Ethics Norm System and the Establishment of Its Orthodox Status—The Baihuguan Conference.......................................................................... 1 2 3 4 12 313 Reasons for the Baihuguan Conference............................................... 313 Baihuguan Conference and Prophecy Theology ................................ 316 Establishment of the Orthodox Status of “Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues” ................................................. 317 Significance of Baihuguan Conference ............................................... 325 Criticism of Theological Ethics .................................................................. Yang Xiong’s Ethical Thought ............................................................. 1.1 Life and Writings
......................................................................... 1.2 The Human Nature Theory of “Human Nature is also a Mixture of Good and Evil”...................................... 329 2 Wang Chong’s Ethical Thought ........................................................... 2.1 Life and Writings ......................................................................... 2.2 The Materialist View of Nature and Epistemology .................. 2.3 Theories on Human Nature ......................................................... 2.4 On the Relationship Between Material Life and Morality .... 2.5 The Good and Evil Nature and the Fate...................................... 2.6 Nurturing Virtue and Strength..................................................... 3 T Wang Fu’s Ethical Thoughts ............................................................. 3.1 Life and Writings ......................................................................... 3.2 Against “Virtue by Position”....................................................... 3.3 Ritual and Righteousness Born of Abundance .......................... 3.4 “Righteousness is Worth Praising, but Profit Deserves Critique” ......... :........................................ 346 1 13 Ethical Thought in the Song and Ming Periods..................................... 1 Lu Jiuyuan’s Ethical Thoughts ............................................................. 1.1 Life and Writings ......................................................................... 1.2 “Mind” as a Rational
Entity......................................................... 1.3 Mind as Reason............................................................................. 1.4 The Cultivation Theory of “Establishing the Greatness”.......... 327 327 327 332 332 333 336 338 340 342 343 343 344 345 349 349 349 350 353 354
Contents xii The Saintly State of “All Things Are in Me” and “the Universe is My Mind, and My Mind is the Universe”...................................................... 358 1.6 A Re-conceptualization of Lu Jiuyuan’s Ethical Thought....... 360 2 Wang Shouren’s Ethical Thought..................................................... 363 2.1 Life and Writings .................................................................... 363 2.2 The First Thing in the World is to “Study and Learn from the Sages”............................................................... 364 2.3 Conscience Can Know Good and Evil, and It is the Master of the Heart.................................................... 366 2.4 ‘To Be Conscientious” Means Self-Improvement in Moral Cultivation ........................................................ 369 2.5 “Knowing and Doing” is the Unity of Moral Understanding and Moral Behavior ............................... 373 3 Establishment of the Orthodox Status of ‘Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues” ............................................. 377 3.1 The Development of Chinese Ethical Thought by Song Thinkers in the Light of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought ......................................................... 377 3.2 The Main Contributions of Song Thinkers to Chinese Ethical Thought............................................................... 380 3.3 The Importance of Carrying Forward the Excellent Moral Traditions of the Chinese Nation in the Light of the Current Modernization of Developing Countries ......... 382 4 A New Exploration of
Li Zhi’s Ethical Thought .............................. 382 4.1 Selfishness is in the Nature of Man ......................................... 383 4.2 Dressing and Eating is Human Physics ................................... 386 4.3 Emphasizing the Autonomy of Moral Conduct and Opposing the Bondage of Feudal Conventions ........ 389 4.4 Limitations of Li Zhi’s Thought and Lessons in Thinking .... 393 5 Liu Zongzhou’s Idea of “Prudence and Independence” and Its Role......................................................... 395 5.1 Prudence is an Important Way to Become a Saint and a Sage..................................................................... 396 5.2 Prudence is the Most Important Test of one’s Moral Character .......................................................... 397 5.3 Prudence is to Promote the “Original Heart” .......................... 398 5.4 The Four Stages of Prudent Cultivation................................... 399 1.5 14 405 405 2 Traditional Morality and Contemporary Moral Development ......... 431 3 Traditional Culture and Talent Cultivation ....................................... 442 3.1 The Basic Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Culture........ 443 Traditional Ethics and Moral Development ......................................... 1 Confucianism and Political Rule ......................................................
Contents 4 15 xiii 3.2 Traditional Culture and the Development of High Quality Human Resources .................................................. 451 Brief Discussion on Traditional Virtues ............................................. 452 4.1 The Virtue of “Public Loyalty” ................................................... 452 4.2 “Awareness of the Problems” and “Preparedness for Danger” ................................................ 455 4.3 Modesty and Hard Work ............................................................. 459 4.4 “Respect for the Elderly” and “Orderliness of Elders and Children” ....................................................................... 464 4.5 “Be Kind to Your Parents” and “Be Dutiful to Your Parents”................................................ 468 4.6 “Chengmen Lixue” and the Promotion of Traditional Virtues ........................................ 482 Moral Development and Governance..................................................... 485 1 Confucian Thought on Rule of Morality ............................................. 485 1.1 The Formation and Development of Confucianism’s Moral Governance .............................................................. 486 1.2 Moral Rule is not the Absence of Punishment ........................... 488 1.3 Moral Rule is not the Same as the Rule of Man ......................... 489 1.4 Both Rule of Law and Moral Rule ............................................... 490 2 “Rule of Law” and “Rule of Morality” Should Complement Each
Other........................................................................................ 491 2.1 The Differences and Links Between the “Moral Rule” of Today and the “Moral Rule” of Ancient Times .................... 493 2.2 The Different Roles of Law and Ethics ........................................ 496 2.3 Integrating the Rule of Law and Morality .................................... 497 2.4 Some Countermeasures and Suggestions...................................... 499 3 Moral Development and Governance................................................... 501 3.1 Historical Controversies.................................................................. 501 3.2 Strategies for Governing a Socialist Society ................................. 502 3.3 The Main Elements of the Rule by Virtue.................................... 503 4 Some Questions About “Govern by Virtue” ........................................ 505 4.1 Will “Rule by Virtue” Lead to the Rule of Man? ........................ 505 4.2 Will the Promotion of “Ruling the Country by Virtue” Affect the Implementation of “Ruling the Country by Law”?............................................... 511 4.3 Will the Promotion of “Ruling the Country by Virtue” Hinder the Democratic Political Process in China? ........ 513 4.4 How to Understand the Rule of Morality and the Rule of Law in Ancient China? ................................................. 515 4.5 Is the Promotion of “Ruling by Virtue” a Way to Rule the People or the Officials? ................................................ 517 4.6 What is the Scientific
Meaning of the Socialist “Rule by Virtue”?............................................................................ 518
xiv Contents 5 6 The History, Theory and Practice of “Rule by Virtue” ..................... 5.1 On the Relationship Between the Rule of Law and Morality .................................................... 5.2 On the Relationship Between the Rule of Virtue and the Rule of Man ........................................................... 524 5.3 On the Content of Moral Governance ....................................... The Theoretical and Practical Significance of “Ruling the Country by Virtue...................................................................... 6.1 Theoretical Reflection on “Ruling by Virtue”........................... 6.2 On the Practical Implementation of the “Rule by Virtue” Principle ........................................................................................ 6.3 Theoretical and Practical Significance of the Idea of “Ruling the Country” by Virtue ................................... 540 Appendix .............................................................................................................. 520 521 530 534 534 538 543
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Contents 1 2 Introduction . 1 Some Questions About Chinese Ethical Thought . 1.1 Research Objects of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought . 1.2 The Stages of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought . 1.3 The Main Problems Studied by Chinese Ethical Thinkers . 1.4 Basic Features of Chinese Ethical Thought. 1.5 The Emergence and Evolution of Traditional Chinese Moral Codes . 1.6 Attitudes and Methods of Studying the History of Ethical Thought . 2 Theoretical Understanding and Methodological Principles of Critical Inheritance of Traditional Morality . 2.1 A Historical Overview . 2.2 General Principles. 2.3 Why the Proletariat Can Inherit the Morality of the Exploiting Class . 2.4 How to Understand the Relationship Between the Universal and the Particular in Critical Succession . 2.5 How to Understand the Special and Universal Significance of Moral Propositions and Moral Imperatives . 2.6 Criteria for Distinguishing Between the Best and the Worst . The Ethics Thought of the
Western Zhou Dynasty with the Duke of Zhou’s “Respecting Morality and Protecting the People” as the Core—Ethical Thoughts in Book of Documents, Book of Changes and Book of Songs 1 The Ethical Thoughts of Duke Zhou Reflected in Book of Changes. 1 1 1 5 6 13 18 24 28 29 37 38 39 40 41 43 43 vii
viii Contents 2 Ethical Thoughts in Book of Changes. 52 3 Ethical Thoughts in Book of Songs . 57 3 Founder of Confucianism-Confucius ’s Ethical Thought with “Benevolence” as the Core. 61 1 The Life of Confucius and the Historical Background . 61 2 Social Morality with “Love” as the Core . 66 3 Strengthening the Moral Norms of Filial Piety and Loyalty. 73 4 Theory of Moral Cultivation of “Retain Yourself and Follow Social Norms”. 79 5 Multi-level Ideal Personality of “Gentleman”, “Benevolent” and “Sage”. 83 6 Thoughts of “Govern by Virtue” . 86 7 The Righteousness-Benefit Viewof Righteousness Comes Before Interest”. 91 7.1 About “Righteousness Before Profit”. 91 7.2 “The Mind of the Superior Man is Conversant with Righteousness; the Mind of the Mean Man is Conversant with Gain” . 94 8 Confucius and Confucianism . 99 8.1 Reasons for the Long-Standing Importance of Confucianism in Ancient
Times. 100 8.2 The Primary Content of Confucianism . 102 8.3 How to Understand the Confucian School. 112 8.4 The Contemporary Significance of Confucian Ethics . 117 8.5 The Right Attitude Towards Confucius and Confucianism . 119 4 Ethical Thought in Mohism of Impartial Care and Equal Emphasis on Righteousness and Interest . 125 1 The Life of Mozi and His Works . 125 2 Ethical Thoughts with “Impartial Love” as the Core. 127 3 Principle of Equal Emphasis on Righteousness and Benefit and Utilitarianism in Ethics. 131 4 Against Fatalism for Anti-aggression . 135 5 Labor Creation Theory of “Labor to Survive” . 137 6 Religious Ethics of “Heaven Can Appreciate the Good and Punish the Evil”. 139 7 Moral Cultivation Theory Based on Behaviour . 142 8 Political Thoughts of Promoting the Worthy and Identifying Upward . 144 5 Development of Confucius’s Ethical Thought by Mencius and the Debate with Gaozi . 147 1 The Life of Mencius and His Works . 147
Contents ix Opposition Between Innate Goodness and “Man’s Nature is Indifferent to Good and Evil” . 148 3 Intuitive Knowledge, Intuitive Ability and Conscience Are the Core of Morality. 153 4 Cultivation Theory Based on Innate Goodness and Conscience 156 5 Intentionalism of Righteousness Over Benefit . 162 6 Value on Goodness. 165 7 Five Bonds and Its Guidelines . 166 8 Gaozi’s Theory on Human Nature of “Nature Comes with Birth”. 169 2 6 Taoist Ethics of “Nonaction” and “Detached from Righteousness and Benefit” . 1 The Ethical Thought of “Returning to Naturalness and Truth” 175 in Tao Те Ching. 175 1.1 The Life of Laozi and the Book of “Laozi”. 175 1.2 The Worldview of the Book of “Laozi”. 178 1.3 The Gist of the “Laozi” . 179 1.4 The Philosophy of “Doing Nothing but Doing Everything” . 181 1.5 The Moral Ideal of Return to the Infant. 183 2 Yang Zhu’s Ethical Thought of “Cherishing Oneself’ and “Self-Favoritism”
. 185 2.1 The Life of Yang Zhu. 185 2.2 The Core of Yang Zhu’s Thoughts is ‘Valuing Oneself’ and ‘Rebirth’ . 187 2.3 Yang Zhu’s Theory on Happiness. 191 2.4 The Social Role of Yang Zhu’s Thought . 193 3 Zhuangzi’s Ethical Thought of “Righteousness Over Benefit” . 194 3.1 Zhuangzi’s Life and Works . 194 3.2 From Epistemological Relativism to the Ethical Idea of Transcendental Good and Evil . 197 3.3 Zhuangzi’s View of Life. 200 3.4 Emphasis on the Nature of Man, the Transcendence of Righteousness and Profit, and the Rejection of the Bondage of Confucian and Mexican Morality. 206 3.5 Zhuangzi’s Theory of the Ideal of Life . 210 3.6 The Duality of Zhuangzi’s Ethics and Its Historical Influence. 212 7 The Ethical Thought of Legalism of “Benefit Over Righteousness” . 1 217 The Ethical Thoughts of Legalism in Qi(State) in Guan Zi . 217 1.1 The Life of Guanzi . 217 1.2 An Ethical View of the Complementarity of
Ritual and Law . 220 1.3 The Humanism of “Seeking Benefit Avoiding Harm”. 222
Contents X A Preliminary Exploration of the Relationship Between Ethics and the Material Basis . 223 Han Fei’s Ethical Thought. 2.1 The Life of Han Fei . 2.2 His Progressive View of History. 2.3 All Men Are Self-conscious . 2.4 Interaction Between People Is a “Counting” (or Calculating) Relationship . 2.5 A Refutation of Confucian Benevolence and Morality . 2.6 Ruling Scheme that Combines Law, Tactics and Power . 2.7 Comments on Han Fei’s Thought. 1.4 2 8 230 232 234 236 The Ethical Thoughts of Xun Kuang, the Representative Ethicist of Pre-qin Dynasty. 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 225 225 226 228 239 The Life of Xunzi . 239 The Human Nature Theory of “Love Benefits” and “Hate Harms”. 241 Interpretation of “Courtesy” as a Normative System. 245 The Complementary Thoughts in Politics and Ethics of “Govern by Virtue” and “Govern by Law”. 249 4.1 Xunzi’s Definition of “Rites” and “Law”
. 250 4.2 “Rites” and “Law” Should Be Given Equal Importance . 251 4.3 The Role of “Law” in Governing a State. 253 4.4 The Role of “Rites” in Governing a State . 253 4.5 “Rites” and “Law” Can be Complementary . 255 4.6 “Ritual” Is More Fundamental Than “Law” . 256 4.7 Governing the State and Cultivating Personal Moral Character . 257 4.8 Inspiration from Xunzi’s Political Ethics. 259 The Concept of Righteousness and Benefit of “Man Can Pursue Both Righteousness and Benefit” . 259 Moral Education Theory Emphasizing “Law” and “Rite” . 262 Systematization of Confucian Ethics—Ethical Thoughts in Book of Rites and Book of Filial Piety. 1 2 267 Ethical Thoughts in the Great Learning. 1.1 Ethical Thoughts in the Great Learning. 1.2 The Ethical Thought of Doctrine of the Mean . 1.3 The Ethical Thought of the Conveyance of Rites . 1.4 Ideas on the Ethical Relationship Between Husband and Wife in the Book of Rites. The Ethical Thought of the Book of Filial Piety . 267 267 278 285 287 289
xi Contents 295 1 Life of Dong Zhongshu and His Works. 295 2 The Reason for “Venerate Confucianism Only”. 296 3 Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind and Gifted Morality . 298 4 About “Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues”. 301 5 Human Nature Theory of “Fail to Do Good Things Even with Goodness in Nature” . 304 6 Motivation Theory of “Correct Moral” and “Declare Behavior” . 307 7 The Concept of “Benefit Does Good to Body” and “Righteousness Nourishes Mind” . 310 10 Dong Zhongshu’s Theological Arguments for Confucian Ethics . 11 The Improvement of Confucian Ethics Norm System and the Establishment of Its Orthodox Status—The Baihuguan Conference. 1 2 3 4 12 313 Reasons for the Baihuguan Conference. 313 Baihuguan Conference and Prophecy Theology . 316 Establishment of the Orthodox Status of “Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues” . 317 Significance of Baihuguan Conference . 325 Criticism of Theological Ethics . Yang Xiong’s Ethical Thought . 1.1 Life and Writings
. 1.2 The Human Nature Theory of “Human Nature is also a Mixture of Good and Evil”. 329 2 Wang Chong’s Ethical Thought . 2.1 Life and Writings . 2.2 The Materialist View of Nature and Epistemology . 2.3 Theories on Human Nature . 2.4 On the Relationship Between Material Life and Morality . 2.5 The Good and Evil Nature and the Fate. 2.6 Nurturing Virtue and Strength. 3 T Wang Fu’s Ethical Thoughts . 3.1 Life and Writings . 3.2 Against “Virtue by Position”. 3.3 Ritual and Righteousness Born of Abundance . 3.4 “Righteousness is Worth Praising, but Profit Deserves Critique” . :. 346 1 13 Ethical Thought in the Song and Ming Periods. 1 Lu Jiuyuan’s Ethical Thoughts . 1.1 Life and Writings . 1.2 “Mind” as a Rational
Entity. 1.3 Mind as Reason. 1.4 The Cultivation Theory of “Establishing the Greatness”. 327 327 327 332 332 333 336 338 340 342 343 343 344 345 349 349 349 350 353 354
Contents xii The Saintly State of “All Things Are in Me” and “the Universe is My Mind, and My Mind is the Universe”. 358 1.6 A Re-conceptualization of Lu Jiuyuan’s Ethical Thought. 360 2 Wang Shouren’s Ethical Thought. 363 2.1 Life and Writings . 363 2.2 The First Thing in the World is to “Study and Learn from the Sages”. 364 2.3 Conscience Can Know Good and Evil, and It is the Master of the Heart. 366 2.4 ‘To Be Conscientious” Means Self-Improvement in Moral Cultivation . 369 2.5 “Knowing and Doing” is the Unity of Moral Understanding and Moral Behavior . 373 3 Establishment of the Orthodox Status of ‘Three Fundamental Bonds and Five Constant Virtues” . 377 3.1 The Development of Chinese Ethical Thought by Song Thinkers in the Light of the History of Chinese Ethical Thought . 377 3.2 The Main Contributions of Song Thinkers to Chinese Ethical Thought. 380 3.3 The Importance of Carrying Forward the Excellent Moral Traditions of the Chinese Nation in the Light of the Current Modernization of Developing Countries . 382 4 A New Exploration of
Li Zhi’s Ethical Thought . 382 4.1 Selfishness is in the Nature of Man . 383 4.2 Dressing and Eating is Human Physics . 386 4.3 Emphasizing the Autonomy of Moral Conduct and Opposing the Bondage of Feudal Conventions . 389 4.4 Limitations of Li Zhi’s Thought and Lessons in Thinking . 393 5 Liu Zongzhou’s Idea of “Prudence and Independence” and Its Role. 395 5.1 Prudence is an Important Way to Become a Saint and a Sage. 396 5.2 Prudence is the Most Important Test of one’s Moral Character . 397 5.3 Prudence is to Promote the “Original Heart” . 398 5.4 The Four Stages of Prudent Cultivation. 399 1.5 14 405 405 2 Traditional Morality and Contemporary Moral Development . 431 3 Traditional Culture and Talent Cultivation . 442 3.1 The Basic Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Culture. 443 Traditional Ethics and Moral Development . 1 Confucianism and Political Rule .
Contents 4 15 xiii 3.2 Traditional Culture and the Development of High Quality Human Resources . 451 Brief Discussion on Traditional Virtues . 452 4.1 The Virtue of “Public Loyalty” . 452 4.2 “Awareness of the Problems” and “Preparedness for Danger” . 455 4.3 Modesty and Hard Work . 459 4.4 “Respect for the Elderly” and “Orderliness of Elders and Children” . 464 4.5 “Be Kind to Your Parents” and “Be Dutiful to Your Parents”. 468 4.6 “Chengmen Lixue” and the Promotion of Traditional Virtues . 482 Moral Development and Governance. 485 1 Confucian Thought on Rule of Morality . 485 1.1 The Formation and Development of Confucianism’s Moral Governance . 486 1.2 Moral Rule is not the Absence of Punishment . 488 1.3 Moral Rule is not the Same as the Rule of Man . 489 1.4 Both Rule of Law and Moral Rule . 490 2 “Rule of Law” and “Rule of Morality” Should Complement Each
Other. 491 2.1 The Differences and Links Between the “Moral Rule” of Today and the “Moral Rule” of Ancient Times . 493 2.2 The Different Roles of Law and Ethics . 496 2.3 Integrating the Rule of Law and Morality . 497 2.4 Some Countermeasures and Suggestions. 499 3 Moral Development and Governance. 501 3.1 Historical Controversies. 501 3.2 Strategies for Governing a Socialist Society . 502 3.3 The Main Elements of the Rule by Virtue. 503 4 Some Questions About “Govern by Virtue” . 505 4.1 Will “Rule by Virtue” Lead to the Rule of Man? . 505 4.2 Will the Promotion of “Ruling the Country by Virtue” Affect the Implementation of “Ruling the Country by Law”?. 511 4.3 Will the Promotion of “Ruling the Country by Virtue” Hinder the Democratic Political Process in China? . 513 4.4 How to Understand the Rule of Morality and the Rule of Law in Ancient China? . 515 4.5 Is the Promotion of “Ruling by Virtue” a Way to Rule the People or the Officials? . 517 4.6 What is the Scientific
Meaning of the Socialist “Rule by Virtue”?. 518
xiv Contents 5 6 The History, Theory and Practice of “Rule by Virtue” . 5.1 On the Relationship Between the Rule of Law and Morality . 5.2 On the Relationship Between the Rule of Virtue and the Rule of Man . 524 5.3 On the Content of Moral Governance . The Theoretical and Practical Significance of “Ruling the Country by Virtue. 6.1 Theoretical Reflection on “Ruling by Virtue”. 6.2 On the Practical Implementation of the “Rule by Virtue” Principle . 6.3 Theoretical and Practical Significance of the Idea of “Ruling the Country” by Virtue . 540 Appendix . 520 521 530 534 534 538 543 |
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| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T23:00:52Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T10:05:43Z |
| institution | BVB |
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| spelling | Luo, Guojie Verfasser (DE-588)1315992418 aut Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China Guojie Luo Singapore Springer [2023] [Singapore] China Renmin University Press [2023] © 2023 xiv, 619 Seiten 24,2 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf Ethics / China / History Ethics / China China / Moral conditions Morale / Chine / Histoire Morale / Chine Ethics Moral conditions China History China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 s Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034716736&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Luo, Guojie Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015602-3 (DE-588)4009937-4 |
| title | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China |
| title_auth | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China |
| title_exact_search | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China |
| title_full | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China Guojie Luo |
| title_fullStr | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China Guojie Luo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China Guojie Luo |
| title_short | Traditional ethics and contemporary society of China |
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| topic | Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd |
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