The Greeks and the rational: the discovery of practical reason
"In this book, Josiah Ober explores how ancient Greek sophists, historians, and philosophers developed sophisticated and systematic ideas about practical reason. At the same time, they recognized its limits-that not every decision can be reduced to mechanistic calculations of optimal outcomes....
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oakland, California
University of California Press
[2022]
|
| Series: | Sather classical lectures
volume 76 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Summary: | "In this book, Josiah Ober explores how ancient Greek sophists, historians, and philosophers developed sophisticated and systematic ideas about practical reason. At the same time, they recognized its limits-that not every decision can be reduced to mechanistic calculations of optimal outcomes. We see contemporary echoes of this tradition in the application of game theory to political science, economics, and business management. The Greeks and the Rational offers a striking revisionist history with widespread implications for the study of ancient Greek civilization, the history of thought, and human rationality itself"-- |
| Physical Description: | xxv, 455 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780520380165 |
Staff View
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| adam_text | Contents List of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Abbreviations and Classical References xi xm xxi xxv Introduction: Discovering Practical Reason i o. i Theorizing Rationality i 0.2 Socrates on Choice and Action 6 o.ļ Rationality Ancient and Modern 13 0.4 Folk Theory Variations 22 0.3 Literature Review: Rational and Irrational Greeks 31 0.6 Outline of the Book 40 i. Gyges’ Choice: Rationality and Visibility 45 r.i The Chosen Path: Glaucon’s Thought Experiment 46 1.2 The Story of Gyges’ Ring 51 1.3 Plato on Rationality of Means and Ends 53 1.4 Gyges’ Ring Decision Tree 61 1.5 The Illustrative Value of Simplification 64 1.6 Herodotus’ Gyges Narrative 68
i. 7 Gyges, the Queen, and Kandaules, Two- and Three-Player Games 72 1.8 Kandaules’ Choice: Preference Strength and Likely Outcomes 76 1.9 Oracular Information and Choice 79 2. Glaucon’s Dilemma: Origins of Social Order 2.1 Social Order as a Problem 2.2 Strategic Games 83 83 87 2.3 Repeated Games and Social Development 104 2.4 Commitment Problems 108 2.y From Primitive Anarchy to Social Order 112 2.6 Plato’s Protagoras on Order and Motivation 116 2.7 Learning, Punishment, and Population Dynamics 122 2.8 The Limits of Egoistic Self-Interest 126 3. Deioces’Ultimatum: How to Choose a Ruler 130 3.1 Towards Constitutionalism in Plato’s Republic: First Polis and Guardians 131 3.2 Herodotus on the Reestablishment of Tyranny among the Medes 137 3.3 Deioces and the Medes: An Ultimatum Game 140 3.4 Choosing a Constitution for Persia 14y 3.3 Herodotus’ Implicit Social Choice Problem 149 3.6 Limits on Royal Authority туз 3.7 Polybius on Primitive Despotism and Moral Sentiments iy6 3.8 The Transition from Despotism to Kingship 163 4. Solon’s Bargain: Self-Enforcing Constitutional Order 4.1 Greek Theorists of the State 168 170 4.2 The Solon Tradition 177 4.3 A Bargaining Solution to an Athenian Social Crisis 180 4.4 Solon’s Arbitration as a Full-Value Solution i8y 4-у Cleisthenes’ Wager: Rational Revolution 19y 4.6 After the Revolution: Rational Leaders? 202
у. Melos’ Prospect: Limits of Interstate Rationality 207 5.1 War and Risk in Plato’s Republic 210 5.2 Thucydides on Power, Risk, and State-Level Rationality 217 y-3 Roving and Stationary Bandits 222 y .4 Justifying Empire 224 5.5 Empire-Subject Game 228 y.6 Mytilene Resists and Fails 232 y.7 Melos’ Prospect 241 6. Socrates’ Critique: Problems for Democratic Rationality 250 6.1 Callipolis and Its Successors 252 6.2 Socrates’ Critique of Democracy 254 6.3 Democracy and State Performance 25 8 6.4 Questions for Athens’ Politela 261 6.y Democracy and Experts 26y 6.6 Legislation 268 6.7 Law and Courts 278 6.8 Individuals and Officials, Initiative and Execution 286 6.9 Adaptive Rationality 291 7. Cephalus’ Expertise: Economic Rationality 295 7.1 Prosperity and Economic Thought 296 7.2 At Home with the Money-Makers 298 7.3 Homeric Economics: Agamemnon’s Cluelessness 307 7.4 Socratic Philosophy, M. I. Finley, and “The Ancient Economy” 316 7-у Xenophon on Managing Households and States 32y 7.6 Plato the Economist: The First Polis of Republic Book 2 328 7.7 Economic Rationality in Aristotle’s Politics 333 7.8 Nature and Necessity 341 8. Conclusions: Utility and Eudaimonia 34y 8.1 Retrospect 347 8.2 Aeschylus’ Furies: From Automata to Rational Agents 349 8.3 Apollo Discovers Practical Reason 3yy 8.4 Instrumentalism as a Threat I: Mendacity and Vicious Egoism 362 8.y Instrumentalism as a Threat II: Mixing Up and Crowding Out 3 6y
8.6 Instrumentalism and the Task of Classical Political Philosophy 373 8.7 Back to the Future of Classics and Political Theory 18į Epilogue 393 Appendix: Probability, Risk,and Likelihood Works Cited Index 395 403 435
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| adam_txt |
Contents List of Illustrations Preface Acknowledgments Abbreviations and Classical References xi xm xxi xxv Introduction: Discovering Practical Reason i o. i Theorizing Rationality i 0.2 Socrates on Choice and Action 6 o.ļ Rationality Ancient and Modern 13 0.4 Folk Theory Variations 22 0.3 Literature Review: Rational and Irrational Greeks 31 0.6 Outline of the Book 40 i. Gyges’ Choice: Rationality and Visibility 45 r.i The Chosen Path: Glaucon’s Thought Experiment 46 1.2 The Story of Gyges’ Ring 51 1.3 Plato on Rationality of Means and Ends 53 1.4 Gyges’ Ring Decision Tree 61 1.5 The Illustrative Value of Simplification 64 1.6 Herodotus’ Gyges Narrative 68
i. 7 Gyges, the Queen, and Kandaules, Two- and Three-Player Games 72 1.8 Kandaules’ Choice: Preference Strength and Likely Outcomes 76 1.9 Oracular Information and Choice 79 2. Glaucon’s Dilemma: Origins of Social Order 2.1 Social Order as a Problem 2.2 Strategic Games 83 83 87 2.3 Repeated Games and Social Development 104 2.4 Commitment Problems 108 2.y From Primitive Anarchy to Social Order 112 2.6 Plato’s Protagoras on Order and Motivation 116 2.7 Learning, Punishment, and Population Dynamics 122 2.8 The Limits of Egoistic Self-Interest 126 3. Deioces’Ultimatum: How to Choose a Ruler 130 3.1 Towards Constitutionalism in Plato’s Republic: First Polis and Guardians 131 3.2 Herodotus on the Reestablishment of Tyranny among the Medes 137 3.3 Deioces and the Medes: An Ultimatum Game 140 3.4 Choosing a Constitution for Persia 14y 3.3 Herodotus’ Implicit Social Choice Problem 149 3.6 Limits on Royal Authority туз 3.7 Polybius on Primitive Despotism and Moral Sentiments iy6 3.8 The Transition from Despotism to Kingship 163 4. Solon’s Bargain: Self-Enforcing Constitutional Order 4.1 Greek Theorists of the State 168 170 4.2 The Solon Tradition 177 4.3 A Bargaining Solution to an Athenian Social Crisis 180 4.4 Solon’s Arbitration as a Full-Value Solution i8y 4-у Cleisthenes’ Wager: Rational Revolution 19y 4.6 After the Revolution: Rational Leaders? 202
у. Melos’ Prospect: Limits of Interstate Rationality 207 5.1 War and Risk in Plato’s Republic 210 5.2 Thucydides on Power, Risk, and State-Level Rationality 217 y-3 Roving and Stationary Bandits 222 y .4 Justifying Empire 224 5.5 Empire-Subject Game 228 y.6 Mytilene Resists and Fails 232 y.7 Melos’ Prospect 241 6. Socrates’ Critique: Problems for Democratic Rationality 250 6.1 Callipolis and Its Successors 252 6.2 Socrates’ Critique of Democracy 254 6.3 Democracy and State Performance 25 8 6.4 Questions for Athens’ Politela 261 6.y Democracy and Experts 26y 6.6 Legislation 268 6.7 Law and Courts 278 6.8 Individuals and Officials, Initiative and Execution 286 6.9 Adaptive Rationality 291 7. Cephalus’ Expertise: Economic Rationality 295 7.1 Prosperity and Economic Thought 296 7.2 At Home with the Money-Makers 298 7.3 Homeric Economics: Agamemnon’s Cluelessness 307 7.4 Socratic Philosophy, M. I. Finley, and “The Ancient Economy” 316 7-у Xenophon on Managing Households and States 32y 7.6 Plato the Economist: The First Polis of Republic Book 2 328 7.7 Economic Rationality in Aristotle’s Politics 333 7.8 Nature and Necessity 341 8. Conclusions: Utility and Eudaimonia 34y 8.1 Retrospect 347 8.2 Aeschylus’ Furies: From Automata to Rational Agents 349 8.3 Apollo Discovers Practical Reason 3yy 8.4 Instrumentalism as a Threat I: Mendacity and Vicious Egoism 362 8.y Instrumentalism as a Threat II: Mixing Up and Crowding Out 3 6y
8.6 Instrumentalism and the Task of Classical Political Philosophy 373 8.7 Back to the Future of Classics and Political Theory 18į Epilogue 393 Appendix: Probability, Risk,and Likelihood Works Cited Index 395 403 435 |
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| contents | Introduction : discovering practical reason -- Gyges' choice : rationality and visibility -- Glaucon's dilemma : origins of social order -- Deioces' ultimatum : how to choose a ruler -- Solon's bargain : self-enforcing constitutional order -- Melos' prospect : limits of inter-state rationality -- Socrates' critique : problems for democratic rationality -- Cephalus' expertise : economic rationality -- Conclusions : utility and eudaimonia -- Appendix : probability, risk, and likelihood |
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| spelling | Ober, Josiah 1953- Verfasser (DE-588)136956408 aut The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason Josiah Ober Oakland, California University of California Press [2022] © 2022 xxv, 455 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sather classical lectures volume 76 Introduction : discovering practical reason -- Gyges' choice : rationality and visibility -- Glaucon's dilemma : origins of social order -- Deioces' ultimatum : how to choose a ruler -- Solon's bargain : self-enforcing constitutional order -- Melos' prospect : limits of inter-state rationality -- Socrates' critique : problems for democratic rationality -- Cephalus' expertise : economic rationality -- Conclusions : utility and eudaimonia -- Appendix : probability, risk, and likelihood "In this book, Josiah Ober explores how ancient Greek sophists, historians, and philosophers developed sophisticated and systematic ideas about practical reason. At the same time, they recognized its limits-that not every decision can be reduced to mechanistic calculations of optimal outcomes. We see contemporary echoes of this tradition in the application of game theory to political science, economics, and business management. The Greeks and the Rational offers a striking revisionist history with widespread implications for the study of ancient Greek civilization, the history of thought, and human rationality itself"-- Praktische Vernunft (DE-588)4123977-5 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland Altertum (DE-588)4093976-5 gnd rswk-swf Practical reason / History Practical reason / Moral and ethical aspects Democracy / Greece / Athens / History Athens (Greece) / Civilization Civilization Democracy Practical reason Greece / Athens History Logos (DE-2581)TH000006667 gbd Philosophie der Antike (DE-2581)TH000006619 gbd Griechenland Altertum (DE-588)4093976-5 g Praktische Vernunft (DE-588)4123977-5 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-520-38017-2 Sather classical lectures volume 76 (DE-604)BV000008895 76 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034014358&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ober, Josiah 1953- The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason Sather classical lectures Introduction : discovering practical reason -- Gyges' choice : rationality and visibility -- Glaucon's dilemma : origins of social order -- Deioces' ultimatum : how to choose a ruler -- Solon's bargain : self-enforcing constitutional order -- Melos' prospect : limits of inter-state rationality -- Socrates' critique : problems for democratic rationality -- Cephalus' expertise : economic rationality -- Conclusions : utility and eudaimonia -- Appendix : probability, risk, and likelihood Praktische Vernunft (DE-588)4123977-5 gnd |
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| title | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason |
| title_auth | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason |
| title_exact_search | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason |
| title_full | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason Josiah Ober |
| title_fullStr | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason Josiah Ober |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason Josiah Ober |
| title_short | The Greeks and the rational |
| title_sort | the greeks and the rational the discovery of practical reason |
| title_sub | the discovery of practical reason |
| topic | Praktische Vernunft (DE-588)4123977-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Praktische Vernunft Griechenland Altertum |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=034014358&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV000008895 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT oberjosiah thegreeksandtherationalthediscoveryofpracticalreason |