Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas: 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946)
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Latvian |
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Rīga
Latvijas Nacionālais Vēstures Muzejs
2021
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Personenregister Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 478 Seiten Illustrationen 31 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789984747545 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas |b 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |c sastādītāja: Sanita Kalna |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| 264 | 1 | |a Rīga |b Latvijas Nacionālais Vēstures Muzejs |c 2021 | |
| 300 | |a 478 Seiten |b Illustrationen |c 31 cm | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804184514331672576 |
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| adam_text | SATURS 7 Ievads Sanita Kalna ΊΊ Muzejnieka liktenis vēstures griežos Jānis Ciglis 19 Ādolfa Kamupa dienasgrāmatas, 1941-1946 Transkripcija, paskaidrojumi, dienasgrāmatā ielīmēto laikrakstu izgriezumu, dokumentu un zīmējumu fotogrāfijas 325 Latvijas muzeji padomju-vacu-padomju okupacijas maiņu laikā Arnis Radiņš 463 Saīsinājumi 465 Adolfa Kamupa bibliografija Māra Ritmane 469 Personu radītājs 477 Summary Kopsavilkums angļu valodā
PERSONU RĀDĪTĀJS A, Ā Ābele Ella 421, 422 Āboliņš 219 Āboliņš Aleksandrs 307, 427 Āboliņš Ernests 336 Āboliņš Igors 438,439 Āboliņš Jānis 299 Āboliņš Mihails 411 Ābols (Abuls) Pēteris 244 Adamovičs Ludvigs Ernests 163 Ādamsons Eriks 26 Adolfi Francis {Franz Adolphi) 383 Ahenbahs Osvalds {Oswald Achenbach) 378 Aisīts Jēkabs 372 Aivazovskis Ivans {Иван Айвазовский) 436 Akermane Marija Alise 200, 292,433 Alders Rūdolfs 306, 307 Aleksandrs II Romanovs {Александр II Романов) 384 Aleksandrs Lielais 407 Alks 116 Alksnis Ādams 385,428 Alksnīte Alma 218,219, 309 Airmans Juris 402 Āmanis Jānisl02,103,105,106,116 Ancītis Krišjānis 59, 61, 63, 69, 87, 112,136-138,140,143,183,189, 202, 203, 314, 391, 394 Andermanis Oskars Ringolds Ksaverijs 155, 337, 358 Andrejevs Andrejs {Андрей Андреев) 347 Andriņš Jānis 59 Andrups Jānis 59 Ankups Armins 359 Annuss Augusts 419 Antokolskis Marks {Марк Антоколький) 364 Apinis Arturs 385 Apinis Kārlis 49 Aplociņš Hermanis 404 Apsīšu Jēkabs 176 Arbuzovs Leonīds {Leonid Hans Nikolaus Arbusow) 380 Ārends Pēteris 87,192,398 Āriņš Leonīds 368,404,405 Artums Ansis 404 Asarurjans A. 429 Aspazija, īstajā vārdā Elza Pliekšāne 164,165,421 Audriņš Jānis 132,385, 416 Augstkalns Alvils 190,192 Auniņš Raimonds 404 Auseklis 403,421 Austrums Ģirts 228, 235 Auzāne-Sudmale Aleksandra 144,145,149 Averins Timofejs {Тимофей Аверин) 447 Avotiņš Jānis 347,362 Avots Kārlis 46,47,138, 202 В Babra dzimta 143 Bačka Jāzeps 143 Badoljo Pjetro {Pietro Badoglio) 156 Bagramjans Ivans 307 Bajārs Fricis 372 Balodis Francis 11,14, 86,144, 280, 290,337,347-349,358, 370, 439,477 Balodis
Jānis 328, 331 Balodis Voldemārs Dāvids 280 Baltgailis Kārlis 385 Banga Alfrēds 403 Bangerskis Rūdolfs 199 Barons Krišjānis 17,190, 352,402,403,419 Bartuševskis Jāzeps 453 Baumanis Artūrs, gleznotājs 404, 416 Baumanis Artūrs, rakstnieks, muzeju darbinieks 362, 402, 421, 422, 425 Baumanis Jānis 347 Baumanis Kārlis 253 Bauze Edgars 23, 24, 63, 69,125,129,136,137,205, 206,254,273, 292, 314, 354 Bauze Elza 314 Bejerens Abrahams van {Abraham Hendrikz van Beyeren) 437 Bekings Aleksandrs 303 Beķeris Sīmanis 416 Belte Aleksandrs 150,151,155,156,159,160,163,176 Benjamiņš Antons 425 Bēres Lavīze 372 Berkholce Erna 134, 267 Berķis Jēkabs 16, 207, 249,250, 261, 264,453 Berķis Krišjānis 368, 370 Bērziņa Marija 24,137 Bērziņš Alfrēds 333 Bērziņš J. 416 Bīlmanis Alfrēds 274 Biļķins Vilis 425 Bīne Jēkabs 155, 168, 184,188, 189, 385,404, 416 Birkels Heinrihs {Heinrich Burkel) 378 Bīrone Olga 310 Birzenieks Herberts 435 Birznieks 280 Birznieks Jānis 333 Bīskaps Dāvids 405 Blaumane Hilda 248, 453 Blaumanis Jānis 16, 206,207,218, 219, 232,235, 236, 242-244,246, 248-252, 254, 255, 260,261, 264-267, 270, 273, 274,276-278, 280, 281, 283-286, 290-292, 296-299, 302, 303, 306-310, 314, 438, 452, 453, 456 Blaumanis Rūdolfs 26, 27, 336,362,403,419, 421,444 Blaus Pēteris 408 Blēms Valters {Walter Julius Gustav Bloem) 63, 383 Blūzmanis Kārlis 240 Blinova Zinaida 248,261 Bodnieks Džems 416 Bogajevskis Konstantīns {Костантин Богаевский) 364 Bogdanovs-Beļskis Nikolajs 411 Bonners Egons {Egon Bonner) 406, 429 Borga T. 338 Bože Jūle 354 Bračs Jūlijs 453 Brastiņa Māra 84 Brastiņš Ernests 280, 349 Brederlo
Fridrihs Vilhelms {Fridriech Wilhelm Brederlo) 436 Brencēns Eduards 434 Brencēns Kārlis 290, 298 Briedis Alfrēds 387 Brigadere Anna 362,403,406,421 Brīvkalne Emīlija (arī Freiberga) 260,265 469
Brīvzemnieks Fricis 402 Broce Johans Kristofs (Johann Christoph Broke) 290,297, 299 Braņenieks Mārtiņš 144 Brūvers Antons 349 Būceņa Jūle 354 Būcens Ansis 354 Būcens Ulrihs 343, 344, 347, 354 Budovskis Pauls 403 Bukšs Miķelis 338 Bukums Kārlis 394 Būmanis Aleksandrs 421 Būmanis Vilhelms 144—146,155,156,158 Burovs Arnolds 310 Buša Milda (Matilde) 254,255, 260, 273, 284-286, 290, 298 Bušs Kārlis 26, 27,363 C Caune Ēriks 416 Celmiņa Margrieta 411 Celmiņš Herberts 385 Celms Jānis 63, 382,383 Cepleviča Pakalniņa Jūlija 27, 32, 69, 79, 84-86, 90, 94, 95, 103-106, 136-139,142,155,156,158,176, 183, 187, 205, 394 Ceriņš Eduards 138, 249 Cielavs Jānis 385, 404, 405 Glītis Gunārs 155 Cimermane Veronika 138 Cimermanis Valters (Walther Zimmermann) 429 Cimze Jānis 387, 389, 396, 434 Ciparsons 116 Gruliš Ansis 15, 252, 384, 405, 414, 416, 421, 434 Collenkopfe Austra 155 Č Čaikovs Josifs (Иосиф Чайков) 364 Čaks Aleksandrs 26 Čandere Valija 138 Čērčils Vinstons Leonards (Sir Winston Leonard Churchill) 310, 311, 314 Čirkstāns Ambrošs 143 D Dagda Kārlis 91, 94, 95, 98,103, 106 Dajevskis Ēvalds 418 Daiga Alberts 310 Dambītis Roberts 368, 370 Danenhiršs Bernhards 286, 287 Dankers Oskars Jēkabs 185, 201, 203,204,382,408 Dante Aligjēri (Dante Alighieri) 362 Darvins Čārlzs Roberts (Charles Robert Darwin) 363 Dārziņš Volfgangs 181, 187, 188-192,195,196,205, 207 Dāvis Anna 453 Deglavs Arnolds 429 Deineka Aleksandrs (Александр Дейнека) 364 Delle Jēkabs 327 Denies Karls (Karl Dönik) 242 Derevjanskis Vladimirs (Владимир Деревянский) 333 Dilfers Kurts (Kurt Dülfer) 130,140,154, 201, 203, 378, 425, 428
Dimā Aleksandrs (Alexandre Dumas) 211 Dimovs N. 429 Dinsbergs (Dinsberģis) Ernests 386 Diņģelis Stanislavs 418 Ditfurts Volfgangs fon (Wolfgang von Ditfurth) 303 470 Dodē Alfonss (Alphonse Daudet) 211 Dombrovskis Augusts 419 Dombrovskis Jānis 237, 290, 298,358, 386-389, 396, 434 Domogackis Vladimirs (Владимир Домогацкий) 364 Dranda Jēkabs 144 Drapče Nora 418 Draviņš Kārlis 359, 421 Drehslers Oto Heinrihs (Otto Heinrich Drechsler) 62, 63, 89,154, 376, 378, 383,407, 408,414,429 Drigota Tadeušs 102 Druste Lidija 90, 91, 94, 95, 103, 106 Druva Jūlijs 336 Dubovskis Jānis 143 Dubulta Ģertrūde 190 Duka Μ. 387 Dzeguze Līze 249, 270 Dzeivers Arturs 29 Dzelzkalējs Eižens 200, 201, 203-206 Dzene Berta 298 Dzenis Alfrēds 370 Dzenis Burkards 63,184, 340,363,378,414,425 Dzenis Krišjānis 146 Dzenis Pēteris 232,298 Dzērve Rūdolfs 333 Dzērvīte Aleksandra 176, 188,189,453 Dzērvītis Arvīds 42, 59,116,177, 336 Dzintarkalns Tīcs (arī Teodors Zandmanis) 449 Dzirne Roberts 250 Dzimis Roberts 202 E, Ē Edžiņš Matīss 427 Egerss Kurts (Kurt Eggers) 194 Eglāja Baiba 194 Eglājs Ēvalds 426 Egle Arvīds 384 Egle Kārlis 333 Eglītis 182 Eglītis Alfrēds 59 Eglītis Arturs 435, 437 Eglītis Viktors 78, 79 Eiduks J. 388 Ēķis Ludvigs 332 Eliass Ģederts 260, 385,404,405, 432 Eliass Kristaps 290, 298,435,437 Elksnīte Edīte 11 Endzelīns Jānis 291 Engels Karls (Carl Fridrich Wilhelm Engel) 105,144,185, 380, 381, 422 Engelss Fridrihs (Friedrich Engels) 344 Engrs Zans Ogists Domeniks (Jean Auguste Dominque Ingres) 437 Ērglis Rihards 222, 223, 250, 280 Eriksons Sigurds (Sigurd Erixon) 61 Ermanbrika Emilija 159 Etingere
Estere 55, 56 F Feders Jūlijs 385, 436 Feierbahs Anselms (Anselm Feurbach) 378 Ferlina Marija 232, 237,243,251, 252,254,260,265, 274, 275,278, 290, 297,453, 456 Flesners Juris 71 Fogelis Pēteris 155
Fogts (Fochts) Ludvigs 338 Foldāts E. 379 Freiberga Emīlija 265 Freibergs Kārlis Augusts 444 Freimanis 310 Frickauss Kristaps 405 Frišmanis Valdis 338 G Gailišs Jāzeps 143 Galindoms Artūrs 328,334, 370 Gegingers Volframs (Wolfram (Wolf) Goegginger) 57 Geistaute-Kovaļevska Erna Matilde 411 Gerasimovs Aleksandrs (Александр Герасимов) 428 Gēbelss Jozefs (Paul Joseph Goebbels) 204 Gērte Vilhelms (Wilhelm Gaerte) 264 Ginters Hanss Fridrihs Karls (Hans Friedrich Karl Giinther) 139 Glãsmeijers Heinrihs (Heinrich Glasmeier) 92 Godickis-Cvirko Dimitrijs 134 Goppers Miķelis 105,176 Gorkijs Maksims (Максим Горький), īstajā vārdā Aleksejs Peškovs (Алексей Пешков) 362 Gothards Herberts (Herbert Gotthard) 184 Grabars Igors (Игорь Грабарь) 364 Grabe Valters fon (Walter von Grabe) 407 Graubiņš Jēkabs 205 Grava A. 379 Grīna Māra 84 Grīnberga Mērija, jaunākā 24, 27, 31, 32, 69, 79, 81, 84,105, 137-139, 142, 143,150, 151,155, 156,159, 163,164,176,183, 192, 204, 206, 271, 273, 276, 277, 285, 296, 306, 307, 310, 422, 478 Grīnberga Mērija, vecākā 248 Grīnbergs Hermanis 385, 453 Grīnbergs Johans (Jānis) 150 Grīnbergs Teodors 194 Grīnfelds Nils 435 Grīnvalds Kārlis 352 Grosvalds Fridrihs 248 Grosvalds Jāzeps 404 Grūbe Kārlis Eduards 385 Gulbe Anna 265 Gulbis Fricis 265 Gusārs Arvīds 296, 299 Guščins Aleksandrs 260, 261,270,272, 308, 309 Gūža Anna 138 Ģ Ģermānis Arturs 254 Ģinters Valdemārs 11,14, 32, 46,47, 52, 59, 63, 79, 86, 92,123,132, 135,137-140,142,144,149,150, 154-156,159,160,163,165, 168,169,176,183-185,194,195, 200, 201,203,204, 250, 283, 336-338,340,349-352, 375-378, 380, 381, 383, 384,
389,391, 394, 396, 398, 408, 425, 453, 477, 478 H Haberlands Arturs (Arthur Haberlandt) 84, 85 Haberlands Mihaels (Michael Haberlandt) 84 Heine Oto (Otto Heine) 154 Heins Vilhelms (Wilhelm Hein) 84 Heņķis Nikolajs 28 Hitlers Adolfs (Adolf Hitler) 55,155,199, 240-242,314,410, 416 Hoberzecers Hanss (Hans Hobersetzer) 50 Holcmanis Andrejs 91, 95, 98,103,105,106,116,155 Holsts Nīls fon (Niels von Holst) 46-49, 52, 376-378, 386,387,428 Holsts Valters fon (Walter von Holst) 428 Hondekuters Melhiors de (Melchior de Hondekuter) 437 Huns Karlis 404,428, 436 I İlgara Aleksandra 232, 245, 255, 260,270, 273,290,298 Iljinskis Serafims (Серафим Ильинский) 429 Induse-Muceniece Marija 403, 404, 405 Induss Jānis Elmars 404 Irbe Voldemars 385 Ivanickis Staņislavs 411 J Jablonskis Andrejs 325 Jakobsone Marija 168 Jakobsons 35, 37 Janelsiņa Veronika 385 Jansone 139 Jansone Antonija 207, 261, 453,456 Jansons Jānis Alberts 314 Jansons Karlis 249 Jaunarājs Oļģerts 404 Jaunsudrabiņš Jānis 385 Jaunzems Bruno 386, 397, 398 Jaunzems Jānis 59, 79, 87, 158,159, 165,192,195,196,199, 261, 299, 354,438 Jēgers Jūlijs 168,176,175,184, 404, 414, 416 Jekelns Fridrihs Augusts (Friedrich August Jeckeln) 199, 303, 306 Jende 244 Jērums Alberts 192 Jodls Alfrēds Jozefs Ferdinands (Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl) 242 Junkers Aleksandrs 404, 405 Jurjäns Andrejs 419 Jurjäns Juris 419 Jurķelis Eduards 340, 368, 405 К Kade Jānis 419 Kadilis Jānis 167 Kalējs Oskars 337, 338, 380,396, 430 Kalmīte Jānis 176,177 Kalnbērziņš Jānis 307, 311 Kalnietis J. 386 Kalniņa-Rūtiņa Elza 69, 85, 86, 90, 94, 95, 99,103,104,106, 137,
138,155, 156, 248,272, 284, 306 Kalniņš Alfrēds 26 Kalniņš Arvīds 334 Kalniņš Bruno 370 Kalniņš Eduards 270, 384, 386, 411 Kalniņš Jānis 26 Kalniņš Teodors 356 Kalnroze 240,243 Kalnroze Valdis 386 Kalpaks Oskars 299, 328 Kalvāns Vitālijs 430 Kalve Pēteris 385, 404 Kalva Staņislavs 40 Kaļvu dzimta 143 Kapiņš K. 310 Kapmane Auguste 426 Kāpostiņš Ādolfs 78, 79, 273, 275, 285, 291 Karitons Eduards 405 471
Kamupa Ilze 156,164,185,188,201, 209, 211, 219,222,244, 252, 254, 255, 260, 261,264,265,270, 271, 273, 283, 290-292,296, 299,302,310 Kamupa Zelma 156,185,188,199, 200, 201,203, 205,208,209,211, 218,219,251,252, 254, 255,260,290, 296,308 Kamups Ādolfs 16,17,24,34,40,42, 44,61, 63, 69,70, 86,91,94, 104-106,125,128,130,132,138,140,143,148,155,156,163, 176,184,185,188, 191,192,207,208,218, 222,232, 235, 237, 241,243,254, 260,264,267, 271, 290, 298, 315, 319-322,325, 334, 350, 394,398, 450, 453,456,463,467, 469,477, 478 Kasatkins Nikolajs {Николай Касаткин) 436 Katlaps Krišjānis 403,404, 432,433 Katrīna II Lielā 434 Kaudzīte Matīss 362,403 Kaudzīte Reinis 403 Kaudzītes, brāļi 91,331,400,403 Kaupo 267 Kaveckis 102 Kazeka Milda 144,145,149,150 Kazēks 286 Kaža Otilija 416 Kempfs Verners (Werner Kempf) 199 Kipers Hanss 303 Kiprenskis Orests (Орест Кипренский) 364 Kirhenšteins Augusts 270, 325, 343,408,435,460 Klaustiņš Roberts 232, 236, 246,250,306 Kiepers Ādolfs 389,396,425 Kļaviņš Jānis 456 Kļaviņš Pēteris 460 Kļaviņš Roberts 370 Kononovs Vasilijs (Василий Кононов) 430 Koņevs Ivans (Иван Конев) 437 Korāts Pēteris 28 Kornets Pēteris 448 Korovins Konstantīns (Константин Коровин) 436 Kramerovskis Jānis 249 Kramskis Ivans (Иван Крамский) 364 Krastiņš 404 Krastiņš Pēteris 385 Krastiņš Voldemārs 421 Krasts Μ. 372 Krauze Oskars 358 Kreicbergs Jānis 404 Krieva Velta 248 Krilovs Porfīrijs (Порфирий Крылов) 364 Krimšķis Emīlija 165 Kristapsons Fricis 155 Krivcovs S. 429 Kronbergs Rūdolfs 418 Kronvalds Atis 402 Kruglovs Georgs 260 Krūka Aleksandrs 155,163 Krūmiņš Artūrs 26 Krūmiņš Mārtiņš
411 Krupskaja (Krupska) Naděžda (Надежда Крупская) 354 Kuga Jānis 26,27, 385, 414,421 Kūlainis Nikolajs 386 Kundziņš Pauls 86,87,398 Kuprijanovs Mihails (Михаил Куприянов) 364 Kuršinska Olga 450 Kuzems V. 429 Kužma Pēteris 143 Kviese Valija 311 472 Ķ Ķēniņš Atis 16 Ķešāns Augusts 351 Ķikuts Viktors 347 Ķincis Jūlijs 434 L Labsvīrs Jānis 403 Lāce Alise 260, 261 Lācis Jūlijs 343, 346 Lācis Ruta 155,156, Lācis Vilis 307, 325, 408,429 Laids Ēriks (Eerik Laid, līdz 1922. g. Ērihs Arturs Ostrovs; Erich Arthur Ostrov) 144,145 Laizāne Tekla 352, 396,425 Lamsters Viktors Ernests 49, 63,374 Landsmans Jānis 372 Lapiņš Arturs 246,255, 298,432 Lapukins Alfrēds 411 Laukgala Austra 404 Lautenbaha Vera 404 Lauva Jānis 385,418 Ledzis 102 Legzdiņa Ligita 194 Legzdiņš Roberts 87, 91, 94-96,116,124,126-132,134,135, 139, 142,154,156, 158,159,163-165,183,398 Leišupe T. 379 Lejiņš Pauls 308, 343 Lēnbahs Francis fon (Franz von Lenbach) 378 Lerhis-Puškaitis Ansis 150 Lēviss of Menārs Karls Voldemārs fon (Karl von Löwis of Menar) 196 Levitans Izaks (Исаак Левитан) 428 Liberts Ludolfs 385,404, 414 Līdaks Jānis 232,235-237, 242,244,248,250,252, 270, 272,276, 314, 361,426, 427, 443 Līdeks Osvalds 91, 95,190,195 Lieknis Jānis 343 Liepiņa Aleksandra 176 Liepiņa Dzidra 248 Liepiņš 302 Liepiņš Anatols 253 Liepiņš Jānis 403,404,432 Līkums Herberts 346,356,363 Lines (Linz) 185 Loja Jānis 232, 240 Loze Hinrihs (Hinrich Lohse) 102, 376,425 Lukstiņa 176 Lukstiņš Gustavs 299 Ļ Ļeņins (Ленин), īstajā vārdā Vladimirs Uļjanovs (Владимир Ульянов) 23,24,26, 34,299,344,354, 359, 361,432,443,457 Ļūļaks Krišjānis 370 Μ
Mačulis 102 Madernieks Jūlijs 405 Makarts Hanss (Hans Makart) 378 Makovskis Vladimirs (Владимир Маковский) 364 Maivess Roberts 358 Mancelis Georgs (Georgius Mancelius) 386 Mangolds Herberts 386
Markss Kārlis (Karl Marx) 240, 344,440 Marrs Nikolajs (Николай Mapp) 306, 307 Masija Kventins (Quentin Massys) 437 Matzke 163 Maulics Nikolajs 138 Mauriņš E. 386 Mazdāvids А. 155 Mazjēcis Aleksandrs 432 Mēdems Valters Eberhards Aleksandrs brīvkungs fon (Walter Eberhard Alexander Freiherr von Medern) 327, 377, 404, 405, 429 Medenis Jānis 398 Mediņš Jānis 26,207 Medne-Romane Alma 150,155,156,159 Megiste Juliuss (Julius Mägiste, līdz 1922. g. Juliuss Melsons; Julius Maison) 155,158,169 Meisters Andrejs 155 Melbärde Marija 135 Melle Irene 168 Melnbārdis Karlis 419 Melngailis Emilis Jūlijs 28,192 Meļķis Ernests 432 Mercs Hugo 184 Merežko V. R. 210, 242,243 Merkelis Garlībs (Garlieb Helwwig Merkel) 376 Miesnieks Karlis 404 Mietnieks Karlis 206,207 Mikulāns Broņislavs 143 Milts Fridrihs 384, 396 Misiņš 116 Models Oto Morics Valters (Otto Moritz Walter Model) 181 Montetons Albrehts Dižons fon (Albrecht Baron Digeon von Monteton) 303 Moora Harijs (Harri Moora) 11 Mozers Hanss (Hans Moser) 117 Mozerts Aleksandrs 310,427 Musolini Benito Amilkare Andrea (Benito Amilcare Andrea Musolinį) 155,156 N Naika Arnolds 416 Neikens Juris 419 Neilis Kārlis 404 Nemme Otomārs 385 Nērmanis Birgers (Birger Nerman) 347 Niedra Andrievs 421 Niedre (Niedra) Jānis 11,240, 243, 254,352 Nordmans Karls Aksels (Carl Axel Nordman) 11 Ņ Ņekrasovs Aleksejs (Алексей Некрасов) 260 Ņesterova Ausma 352, 354 Ņikonovs Aleksandrs 311 О Oliņa Elizabete 456 Onzele Milda 155 Ošs Kārlis 176,177, 349 Oste Arnolds de (Arnold de Oste) 158 Ostenu dzimta 158 Ostrovs Ērihs Arturs (Erich Arthur Ostrov) 144 Ostrovs Jānis 307 Ozola
Konstance 251,267,273, 275, 297,429,434 Ozoliņš A. 155,164 Ozoliņš Fridrihs 11, 280, 290, 298 Ozols P. 453 P Paegle Eduards 325, 328 Paegle Leons 362,445 Paegle-Birģele Alma 14, 325 Pakalne Biruta 155 Palcmanis Jānis 234-236, 250, 254, 255, 265 Pampe 307, 310, 314 Pankoks Miķelis 384, 406,460 Paškēvičs Jānis 351, 354 Paulāns Andrejs 143 Pauļuks Pēteris 58,59, 207 Pauzers Voldemārs 403,404 Pavels Bruno 303 Peipāns Konstantīns 143 Peive Jānis 308 Pelše Arvīds 460 Pelše Roberts 260, 261,270 Peniķis Mārtiņš 370 Perlīns Jāzeps 31,348, 356 Pētersons Jānis 148,159 Petrāvis-Zariņš Aleksandrs 160 Petrovs Aleksandrs 434 Pfannenštīls Rūdolfs (Rudolf Pfannenstiel) 158,159 Piesis Verners 346 Pīle Augusts 206, 207 Pinnis Rūdolfs 26, 27,346, 366 Pladers Oto 168,386 Plampe Hilda 228, 229 Plensners Aleksandrs 370 Plēpis Jānis 405 Plēsums Pēteris 311 Pletenbergs Valters fon (Wolter von Plettenberg) 380 Pliesmane Ieva 311,448 Pluka Matīss 265 Plūme Emma 372 Podnieks Arsēnijs 182-184,195 Polis (Anna?) 286 Pols A. 132 Ponomarjovs Vasilijs (Василий Пономарёв) 196,197, 206 Pormalis Andrejs 155, 416 Poruks Jānis 419 Prāveste N. 310 Preiss Jēkabs 372 Priedītis Uldis 155 Prīmanis Mārtiņš 89, 92,382 Princis Kārlis 402, 425 Pūce Voldemārs 29 Puksis Edmunds 383 Pumpurs Andrejs 91, 400 Pupa Augusts 260, 428 Pūpols Jānis 385 Purapuķe Jānis 419 Pūriņš Paulis 434 Purmalis Andrejs 416 Purpētere Nora 137, 150,204,396,422, 425 Purviņš Pēteris 138 Purvītis Vilhelms 17, 363, 378, 404, 405, 414, 425, 432 Puškins Aleksandrs (Александр Пушкин) 362 Putniņa Maiga 394 473
R Rainis, īstajā vārdā Jānis Pliekšāns 26, 362, 421, 445 Ratermanis 235, 240 Rauska Jānis 389 Reiziņš Eduards 445 Reneslācis J. 11,477 Renks Gustavs (Gustav Ränk) 155, 158, 169 Repins Ilja (Илья Репин) 365,428,437 Rērihs Nikolajs 436 Riekstiņa Emīlija 248 Riekstiņš Hugo 202,205,377,425 Riekstiņš Pēteris 450 Rieteklis, īstajā vārdā Balodis Jūlijs Eduards 388 Rikmanis Jānis 299,405 Rivču dzimta 143 Rivoša Ludmila 250,251 Roja Alfrēds 403 Rokotovs Fjodors (Федор Рокотов) 364 Rokpelnis Fricis 27, 253,270,426,429,435, 437 Roks Francis fon (Franz von Roques) 378 Roze Jānis Staņislavs 428 Rozenbergs Alfrēds (Alfred Rosenberg) 78, 79, 379, 380,385,414 Rozenbergs Jānis 134 Rozenbergs Kārlis 138, 202,207, 250, 261, 275, 276, 302,453 Rozen tāls Janis 385,404,429,432,435,436 Rozentāls Miķelis 421 Rozīte Elfrīda 232 Rozītis Bruno 87, 232 Rozītis Kārlis 78, 79, 235,236,260,290,296,298,308,438 Rožlapa Pēteris 386 Rudenāja Elza 237, 234, 245,246,249, 251, 252, 260,261, 264,265, 273,311,448 Rudzītis Laimonis 155,158 Rudzītis Rihards 155 Rufs Zigfrīds (Siegfried Ruff) 206, 303 Rūķe-Draviņa Velta 155 S Sakārnis Oskars 70, 71 Salaks Artūrs 28, 36 Saldavs Oļģerts 363 Sarmulis J. 416 Sauka Kārlis 386, 418 Saukantu Jānis 211 Seilis (Seiļs) Stepons 340 Seimanovs Aloizs 143 Sēja Ludvigs 167, 205 Siders (Sidars) Jānis 450 Sidorovs Arkādijs 144-146,155 Šiliņa Auguste 69, 79, 81, 85,104,137,138,143, 155,156,160,163, 169,176,177, 205, 206 Šiliņš 36 Šiliņš Matīss 11, 77, 79, 80,244,384 Šiliņš Mārtiņš 261 Šiliņš Voldemārs 98,103,106,155, 426 Skalbe Kārlis 192, 398 Skride Ārijs 386 Skudra Μ. 372 Skulme
Oto 26, 27,232, 244,255, 260, 278, 385,421,432 Skulme Uga 154,290, 403, 404 Skulme-Liepiņa Marta 404 Skulte Bruno 29 Skulte Jānis 74 474 Sloka E. 155 Soikāns Jezups 338 Sokolovs Nikolajs (Николай Соколов) 364 Sosijevs Aleksandrs Zaurbeks 384 Spalva Alfrēds 347,371,438 Spandegs 219 Speke (Spekke) Andrejs 333 Spēlmanis A. 386 Spinga Agnuss 70, 71 Spinga Dagnija Agita 71 Spinga Elza Alvīne 70, 71 Spinga Fricis 63, 69-71, 74,385 Spriņģis Jēkabs Arturs 386 Sproģis Jūlijs 181 Sprūde 385 Spure Žanis 347 Staļins Josifs (Иосиф Сталин), īstajā vārdā Josifs Džugašvili (Иосиф Джугашвили) 23,24, 242, 252, 253, 307, 310,311, 314, 315, 344, 354, 366, 414, 432, 449 Stana Marta 155 Stenders Oto 418 Stepanovs Valentīns (Валентин Степанов) 411 Stepiņš Pēteris 155, 158, 176,206 Stradiņš Pauls 16, 252,255, 261, 298, 302,303, 308,310,315,477 Straubergs Jānis 148,150,244,245, 297, 306, 376 Straubergs Kārlis 57, 86,104,143,144,148,150,151,169,189,195, 383,398 Straubergs Kārlis, vecākais 148 Straume Jūlijs 232,438 Strautnieks Jānis 244, 248, 453 Strazdiņš Jēkabs Alfrēds 140,150,151,404,405 Strazdiņš Kārlis 222, 240,252,314, 426, 427 Strazdiņš Miķelis 309,453 Strickis Karls fon (Carl von Stritzky) 46, 89,128,130, 376,378,383, 391,408 Strickis Kristians Karls Kristofs fon (Christian Karl Christoph von Stritzky) 36 Strods Heinrihs 14, 352 Strunke Niklāvs 405 Stučka Pēteris 248, 249, 461 Stukmanis К. 177 Sudmalis Jānis 70, 91,141,144, 201,245,292, 360, 384,394,398, 418, 429, 446, 458 Sudrabu Edžus, īstajā vārdā Morics Eduards Zilbers 362 Sudrabkalns Jānis, īstajā vārdā Arvīds Peine 429 Šūniņa Marta
140,155, 163,181, 273, 274, 286,314 Sūniņi 208 Sūniņš Žanis 135,155,164, 297, 404 Surikovs Vasilijs (Василий Суриков) 428,436 Suta Romans 29,437 Svemps Leo 384,432 Sviestiņš Jānis 359, 386, 394, 425 Š Šadrs Ivans (Иван Шадр) 364 Seins Georgs 290 Seltema Frederiks Adams van (Frederik Adama van Scheltema) 12 Sene Emīlija, dzimusi Krimšķis 165 Šērs Donats 143 Šiliņš Jānis 327, 402, 421, 425 Šillers 206 Škapars K. 425 Šķilters Gustavs 404
Šļivku dzimta 143 Šmitmanis Pāvils 205 Šnekels (Schneckei) 190,192 Šņore Elvīra 11,49, 243-245,260, 349, 350 Snore Rauls 11,42, 49, 131, 143, 248, 264,291,299,361, 377, 380, 386,387, 396,398,418,425,434,438 Šnornieks Arvīds Kārlis 383 Špicvēgs Karls (Carl Spitzweg) 378 Špīss Karls fon (Karl von Spieß) 84, 85 Šrēders Hanss (Hans Friedrih Johann Schröder) 52, 62,63, 92,378, 383-385, 390,428, 429 Šrēders Valters (Walther Schröder) 92 Staufenbergs Klauss Filips Marija Šenks grāfs fon (Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Staujfenberg) 199 Steinbauers 128 Štelmahs Grigorijs (Григорий Стельмах) 251 Štokmanis Arnolds Bruno 11,144-146,171, 273, 297,389, 390, 396, 398,429 Strauss Konrads (Konrad Strauss) 143 Štrāls Karlis 429 Štrobels Hanss (Hans Strobel) 84, 85 Sturms Eduards 11,46,47, 63,134,137,184,185,188,189,192, 196,327, 337, 341,349,350,377, 378,380, 381,394,398 Šuberts 49 Šules Aleksandrs 36 Šules Andrejs 447 Švābe Arveds 86, 398, 422 Šveics Erasts 405 T Taube Karlis 436 Tentelis Augusts 327, 349,370 Tepfers Verners 46, 47, 49, 52, 63, 86, 87, 89, 95, 96,116,126,137, 154,156,159,160,165,176,183,185, 370, 377,378, 380, 398,453 Terpilovskis Alberts 416 Tīdemanis Jānis Ferdinands 385 Tilbergs Jānis Roberts 411 Tīle Ernests Oto (Ernest Otto Thiele) 78 Tiltiņš Voldemars 416 Timoškāns Jāzeps (Jezups) 430 Tipainis Nikolajs 234, 235, 246, 248, 249, 278,290,299,302,438 Tiranovs Pēteris 248, 453 Tolstojs Aleksejs (Алексей Толстой) 310 Tolstojs Fjodors (Федор Толстой) 364 Tolstojs Levs (Лев Толстой) 362 Tomsons Rihards Kārlis 419 Tone Valdemārs Teodors 385, 404, 405 Tontegodu dzimta 132
Tots Fricis (Fritz Todt) 205 Tranzē-Rozeneks Aleksandrs Georgs Astafs fon (Alexander Georg Astaf von Transehe-Roseneck) 331,380 Treimanis-Zvārgulis Edvards 421 Trinklers Ivans 435 Trocigs Dags (Dag Trotzig) 61,184, 336, 349 Troponins Vasilijs (Василий Тропонин) 364 Trumens Harijs S. (Harry S. Truman) 252 Turkis А. 163,164 U, Ū Ubāns Konrāds 134, 274, 385,432 Oders Teodors 405, 428, 434, 436 Ūdris (Ūdre-Dviele) Ella 416 Uldriķis Teodors 386 Ulihs Karls Gotlībs (Karl Gottlieb Ulich) 384 Ulmanis Kārlis 16, 59,192,206, 207, 248,253, 310, 325, 331, 240, 341, 345, 359, 362, 366, 370,428, 453, 456, 457,477 Unāms Žanis 168, 405, 407, 414 Upeniece Konstance 351, 396 Upīte Elvīra 292, 373, 385, 396,419,447 Upītis Pēteris 404 Upītis Valdemārs 29 Upīts Andrejs 27, 435, 445 Uršteins Osvalds 27 V Vagulāns Mārtiņš 333 Valdemārs Krišjānis 362, 442 Valdmanis Alfrēds 382 Valdmanis Voldemārs 26-28, 347, 363, 421 Valeskalns Pēteris 343, 352, 354, 356, 365, 426 Vallis Jāzeps 154 Valters Johans (Jānis) 404 Vanags Jānis 71 Vanags Jūlijs 27, 253 Vankina Lūcija 261 Varslavāns Francisks 432 Varslavāns R. 352 Vasariņš Vilhelms (Vilis) 167,184, 416 Vasilevskis Aleksandrs (Александр Василевский) 242 Veide Emīlija 371 Veidenbaums Eduards 362, 434 Veidlings Helmuts (Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling) 241 Veilands Ernests 168,184, 255,261, 264, 272, 275, 306, 310, 385,416 Veinberga 434 Veismane Lavīze 151 Vējš Mārtiņš 436 Velde Aleksandrs 456 Veldre Vilis 265 Verdenko Natālija (Наталия Ведренко) 251 Verle Agnese Sofija Margrieta 228, 237, 243, 244, 297, 306 Verners Francs (Francis; Franz Werner)
194,195,198,199 Verters Fridrihs (Friedrich Werther) 303 Vetrovs Mihails (Михаил Ветров) 333 Vidbergs Zigismunds 405, 416, 437 Viduks Vilis 460 Vīķa Hilda 414 Vīksna Arnis 17 Vīksne Fridrihs 24 Vīksne Rudīte 16 Vilberns Johans Heinrihs (Jochan Heinrich Wülbern) 378 Vilcānu dzimta 143 Vilmanis Eduards 151 Vilmansone Marta 140 Vilsone Melita 232, 264,291 Viļumainis Jūlijs 405 Vintens Jānis 372 Vinters Voldemārs 387 Vipers Boriss 26, 27,154, 364 Višinskis Andrejs (Андрей Вышинский) 325 Visokihs Vladimirs 49 Vīteļu Pēteris 356,444 Vītols Eduards Kārlis 385 Vītols Juris 387 Vitroks Hugo (Hugo Wittrock) 391 Volfs Kārlis 453 Volfsbergers Francis (Franz Wolfsberger) 406 Vrubļevskis Leonīds 372 475
z Zagorska Ilga 250,251 Zāle Kārlis 370 Zaļkalns Teodors 194,195,404, 414,432 Zants Valdis 182 Zariņš Jānis 456 Zariņš Kārlis 29 Zariņš Marģers 192, 310 Zariņš Rihards 404 Zass Alfons fon {Alfon von Sass ) 384,446 Zaube ƒ. 155 Zaurs Mārtiņš 405 Zeids Teodors 188,189 Zeltiņš A. 286 Zemdega Kārlis 404 Zemvalds Herberts 387 Zēbergs (Grants) Pauls 333 Ziemelis Edmunds 334 Zilberts Alfrēds 94-96, 98, 99, 103-106,169 Zīle A. 308 Zīle Indriķis 419 Zirdziņa Lidija 91 Zirdziņš Jānis 91,94, 95, 98,103,104, 106 Zīverss Karls Georgs fon {Carl Georg Graf von Sievers) 196 Zîverts Kristaps 311 Zolbergs-Kugra Krišjānis 416 Zommers Alfreds Rihards {Alfred Richard Sommer) 196 Zunde 141,176 Žute 281, 310 Zviedris Aleksandrs 260 Zvirbulis Jānis 386 Ž Žībelis Vitolds 211 Žīgure Hilda 310 Žīgurs Jānis 310 Žukovskis Jānis 372
Jānis Ciglis A MUSEUM WORKER S LIFE IN TIMES OF HISTORICAL CHANGE Archaeologist ethnographer, artist and historian of medicine Ādolfs Karnups was born in Riga in 1904. He graduated from Riga 2nd Secondary School in 1924 and went on to study archaeology and ethnography at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Latvia. For two semesters, he also attended the Academy of Art. Already in 1925, while still a student, Karnups took part in an archaeological excavation: together with Rauls Snore and J. Reneslācis, he worked on the Latgale archaeological expedition led by Prof. Francis Balodis. In the course of this fieldwork, he learned archaeological excavation methods, which subsequently allowed him to undertake his own excavations of burial sites and hill-forts. Karnups worked as an inspector of the Board of Monuments, Latvia s institution for the protection of historical sites, and at the Academy of Art, and was employed for 20 years at the present National History Museum of Latvia. Karnups was one of the most talented historians of the 20th century, with an extensive knowledge of archae ology, ethnography, numismatics, and the history of art and culture. He directed archaeological excavations and ethnographic fieldwork, and published more than 150 academic papers, which cover archaeological excavation on Talsi hill-fort, folksong and traditional dress. One of Karnups s main scientific interests was Latvian folk ap plied art, especially ornamentation. He wrote a book entitled The History of Latvian Applied Art, which remained unpublished. In the course of preparing this
work, he compiled several thousand cards with drawings, tran scribed records and comments, which are still kept in the collections of the National History Museum of Latvia. The most important aspect of this work is Karnups s cardinally new approach to the problem under study, where, rather than limit folk art research to the study of ethnographic material, he sought the origins of later phenomena in archaeological finds. In the second half of the 1930s, Karnups focused mainly on the study of ethnographic textiles. His most im portant works include the book Regional Folk Dress (Novadu tērpi) and the study Latvian dress in the past 350 years , published in the volume Introduction to the History of Latvian Folk Dress (Ievads latviešu tautas tērpu vēsturē) edited by Valdemārs Ģinters. Karnups s publications on Latvian traditional dress may be regarded as constitut ing the first serious attempt to arrange the ethnographic material on a scientific basis and systematize it according to district. Karnups also initiated the study of ancient roads on the basis of archaeological methods, namely by observations in the field, and began the study of medieval archaeological finds. In recognition of his work, Kar nups received in 1930 the Order of Three Stars, Class V. On 27 March 1946, Karnups was arrested. Risking his career and his life, he had concealed several boxes with valuable items from the museum collections to save them from plunder, along with documents, photographs and films from the time of Latvia s independence and events relating to Kārlis Ulmanis. The War Tribunal of
the Lat vian SSR Interior Forces sentenced Karnups to death, a sentence commuted in an appeal case in 1947 to ten years in labour camp. Karnups served almost the full term of his sentence, being released in August 1955. Following his return from incarceration until his death in 1973, Karnups worked at the Pauls Stradiņš Museum of the History of Medicine as head of the Ancient Medicine Section. THE DIARIES OF ĀDOLFS KARNUPS (1941-1946) The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups were compiled during the years of the Second World War and shortly after the war, when he headed the Ethnography Department of the National History Museum of Latvia, known at the time as the State Historical Museum. These are six notebooks or weekly planners Karnups had made himself, with concise, concentrated and calligraphically written notes on the activities planned and undertaken at work that day, mentioning the people he had arranged to meet or met, and noting the national and international events that seemed significant to him. The diaries constitute an authentic, original source, and one that is highly reliable, because the entries were made on the day in question, shortly before or after the events described, rather than retrospectively, remembering events at some later time. Karnups s diaries are highly significant in that they document the history of the cultural heritage sector. They constitute an important source for studying the activities of the Board of Monuments as the institution 477
responsible for the protection of cultural heritage sites in Latvia during the years 1942-1944, since they describe the ethnographic fieldwork and the material obtained in the course of this work, which, on account of the wartime conditions, was processed only to a very limited degree or hardly at all. Karnups’s diaries record a wealth of data relating to this fieldwork. Pasted into the diaries are maps of the routes followed in the fieldwork, which he had prepared himself, these being the only maps of this kind surviving up to the present day. The diaries also significantly supplement the scanty information concerning the events of the first half of the 1940s at the State Historical Museum and at regional museums, since in this period fifteen regional museums (the Open-Air Museum and the museums of Aizpute, Cēsis, Daugavpils, Jelgava, Jēkabpils, Kuldīga, Liepāja, Ludza, Rēzekne, Rundāle, Talsi, Ventspils, Valmiera and Valka) were branches of the State Historical Museum. The diaries help trace the movement of items in the collections between different branches of the museum; in addition, they con tain information about collections held by private individuals and various societies that were transferred to the museum for safekeeping until the end of the war but were plundered, destroyed or incorporated into the muse um collections during the time of Soviet occupation. The diaries cover the period of the Second World War - a time of complicated, dramatic and merciless chang es, characterizing it from the perspective of everyday life and also helping to understand the
cultural policy of the different political regimes. In the five years covered by the diaries, Latvia witnessed a succession of three occupa tions: the Soviet occupation, followed by Nazi occupation and, from summer 1944, a second Soviet occupation. Each of these regimes required the museum to re-align its activities in accordance with its ideological position and saw the museum collections as constituting a trophy. The diaries also have a key significance for understanding the precise course of events involved in the sav ing of Latvia s museum and archive heritage in 1944-1946, which has in recent years been brought to attention through the academic papers by Jānis Kalnačs and Rasa Pārpuce on Mērija Grīnberga, legendary figure of Lat via s museum life, as well as the documentary drama Merija s Journey (Mērijas ceļojums), an exhibition at the Lat vian National Museum of Art and the novel The Grosvalds Family (Grosvaldi) by Kristīne Želve. The diaries tell of how the museum collections were packed and how they were photographed beforehand, and a volume of the diary from 1946 contains a map drawn by Karnups showing the route along which the collections were transport ed after they were taken from the State Historical Museum on the orders of the Nazi regime, a route that began in Riga on 4 October 1944 and passed through Poland and Czechia to Germany, and from Germany back through Hungary, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, ending in Riga on 10 February 1946. This was also the route followed by Mērija Grīnberga, who accompanied the museum objects, packed in about 700 boxes.
Karnups also took part in preparing the objects for evacuation, and so was a witness and participant in these events. When in spring 2019 the National History Museum of Latvia received back from descendants of Valdemārs Ģinters, who had been director of the museum, valuable documents, items and several thousand colour and black and white slides, only the detailed notes in Karnups s diary permitted the identification of about 1200 photographs recording the objects in the museum collections prior to packing for evacuation to Germany. In order to set out the context of the events described in the diaries, the text has been supplemented with explications of the terms and concepts used in the diaries and with an extensive commentary, also identifying various institutions, societies, organizations and personal names. The text of the diaries has been set out in ac cordance with present-day rules of punctuation, retaining the characteristics of the language of that time. Obvi ous grammatical and writing errors have been corrected. Missing letters and words, without which the meaning of a sentence is hard to comprehend, have been added in square brackets, as have the forms of place-names in accordance with their latest appearance in cartographic materials or their present-day form. The missing parts of abbreviated words are likewise given in square brackets. Arnis Radiņš LATVIA S MUSEUMS DURING THE SUCCESSIVE SOVIET-GERMAN-SOVIET OCCUPATIONS Starting from the late 18th century, museums had been established by societies, individuals, public organ izations, the state and municipal
authorities, and by 1940 a diverse museum sector had developed. On 17 June 1940, Latvia was occupied by the Red Army, and on 5 August the country was incorporated into the USSR. 478
Soviétisation affected all sectors, including museums. The art museums were placed under the Board of Arts. New directors were appointed to head the major arts museums, the museums names were changed and their profile altered. On 1 October 1940, a Museums and Monuments Protection Section was established, which, along with administration of the museums, also took over the responsibilities of Latvia s abolished heritage institution, the Board of Monuments. In the second half of the 1930s, four new branches of the State Historical Museum were established, in Jelgava, Cēsis, Daugavpils and Rundāle. In 1940, a further eleven museums were made branches of the museum: those of Aizpute, Jēkabpils, Kuldīga, Liepāja, Ludza, Rēzekne, Talsi, Ventspils, Valmiera, Valka and the Open-Air Museum. The most important museum that did not survive the initial year of Soviet occupation was the War Museum, which was abolished and its building handed over to the Red Army. Initially, the Museums and Monuments Protection Section transferred the War Museum s collections to the Museum of the Revolution, but later part of these collections went to the Central Museum for Research on the Native Country. These museums were new institutions set up by the Soviet authorities, which never actually managed to open their doors to visitors. A serious effort was made to ideologically instruct the museum staff. Red Corners and wall newspapers were created, such as were widely utilized in the USSR, and comprehensive professional development courses held for museum staff, setting out the tasks of Soviet museums,
introduced dialectical and historical materialism, etc. Initially, in the absence of an official version of Soviet Latvia s history, when transforming the permanent exhibition, the emphasis was placed on the theme of class conflict. From 8 July 1941, Latvia came under Nazi German occupation, and subsequently was made a general region within the Reichskommissariat Ostland, which, in turn, was placed under the Special Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories. Cultural institutions gradually resumed their activities. In accordance with the system es tablished by the Directorate-General of Education and Culture in January 1942, the museums of the pre-Soviet period could recommence their activities, with the exception of the Museum of the City of Riga, which, under the name of the Dorn Museum, was joined to the State Historical Museum. During the German occupation, the museum sector implemented plans for activities and exhibitions that had been interrupted by the Soviet occupation. It is possible to perceive this as a partial continuation of the cultural policy under the Republic of Latvia. Of course, it was all subject to a degree of control by the German occupation authorities, which required a correct history of Latvia . The permanent museum exhibitions consisted of archae ological, ethnographic, historical as well as art and literature sections, all of them paying tribute in some measure to the instructions issued by the occupation regime. The German occupation authorities used the temporary and permanent museum exhibitions to influence public opinion in a
favourable direction, the Riga City Art Museum becoming the largest and most important venue for propaganda exhibitions. On 18 July 1944, the Red Army reached the borders of Latvia, and by 27 July it had taken Daugavpils and Rēzekne. The museums were once again directly exposed to warfare and the ensuing destruction. As in other ter ritories under Nazi German occupation, the evacuation of archives, libraries and museum values commenced in Latvia, the plan being that cultural values would be taken to Czechoslovakia. Partial evacuation of the collections affected the Riga City Art Museum, the State Historical Museum and its Dorn and Liepāja branches. The directors of all the major museums along with many of the staff left the country. The State Historical Museum was renamed the Central State History Museum. The collections taken abroad were regained, and new ones were created in line with the new ideology. The Open-Air and Dorn Museums con tinued to function as branches of the museum up to 1946, while the museum s former departments outside of the capital, in Ludza, Daugavpils, Jēkabpils, Cēsis, Liepāja, Kuldīga, Ventspils, Madona, Talsi, Aizpute, Sigulda and Bauska, became independent regional museums. The Museum of the Revolution, opened to the public in 1947, became the flagship of the museum sector. The Soviet regime turned the museums into machines for producing and disseminating the propaganda it required. Extra-mural forms of activity were widely utilized, such as seasonal events in the resort town of Jūrmala, travel ling exhibitions shown at congresses of the
Soviet regime s representatives and its organizations, and at theatres, clubhouses, etc. The whole of the museum sector would be involved in glorifying various anniversaries, elections, Stalin s five-year plans, etc. 1947 may be regarded as bringing to a close the process whereby the groundwork was created for instituting the Soviet system within the museum sector.
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SATURS 7 Ievads Sanita Kalna ΊΊ Muzejnieka liktenis vēstures griežos Jānis Ciglis 19 Ādolfa Kamupa dienasgrāmatas, 1941-1946 Transkripcija, paskaidrojumi, dienasgrāmatā ielīmēto laikrakstu izgriezumu, dokumentu un zīmējumu fotogrāfijas 325 Latvijas muzeji padomju-vacu-padomju okupacijas maiņu laikā Arnis Radiņš 463 Saīsinājumi 465 Adolfa Kamupa bibliografija Māra Ritmane 469 Personu radītājs 477 Summary Kopsavilkums angļu valodā
PERSONU RĀDĪTĀJS A, Ā Ābele Ella 421, 422 Āboliņš 219 Āboliņš Aleksandrs 307, 427 Āboliņš Ernests 336 Āboliņš Igors 438,439 Āboliņš Jānis 299 Āboliņš Mihails 411 Ābols (Abuls) Pēteris 244 Adamovičs Ludvigs Ernests 163 Ādamsons Eriks 26 Adolfi Francis {Franz Adolphi) 383 Ahenbahs Osvalds {Oswald Achenbach) 378 Aisīts Jēkabs 372 Aivazovskis Ivans {Иван Айвазовский) 436 Akermane Marija Alise 200, 292,433 Alders Rūdolfs 306, 307 Aleksandrs II Romanovs {Александр II Романов) 384 Aleksandrs Lielais 407 Alks 116 Alksnis Ādams 385,428 Alksnīte Alma 218,219, 309 Airmans Juris 402 Āmanis Jānisl02,103,105,106,116 Ancītis Krišjānis 59, 61, 63, 69, 87, 112,136-138,140,143,183,189, 202, 203, 314, 391, 394 Andermanis Oskars Ringolds Ksaverijs 155, 337, 358 Andrejevs Andrejs {Андрей Андреев) 347 Andriņš Jānis 59 Andrups Jānis 59 Ankups Armins 359 Annuss Augusts 419 Antokolskis Marks {Марк Антоколький) 364 Apinis Arturs 385 Apinis Kārlis 49 Aplociņš Hermanis 404 Apsīšu Jēkabs 176 Arbuzovs Leonīds {Leonid Hans Nikolaus Arbusow) 380 Ārends Pēteris 87,192,398 Āriņš Leonīds 368,404,405 Artums Ansis 404 Asarurjans A. 429 Aspazija, īstajā vārdā Elza Pliekšāne 164,165,421 Audriņš Jānis 132,385, 416 Augstkalns Alvils 190,192 Auniņš Raimonds 404 Auseklis 403,421 Austrums Ģirts 228, 235 Auzāne-Sudmale Aleksandra 144,145,149 Averins Timofejs {Тимофей Аверин) 447 Avotiņš Jānis 347,362 Avots Kārlis 46,47,138, 202 В Babra dzimta 143 Bačka Jāzeps 143 Badoljo Pjetro {Pietro Badoglio) 156 Bagramjans Ivans 307 Bajārs Fricis 372 Balodis Francis 11,14, 86,144, 280, 290,337,347-349,358, 370, 439,477 Balodis
Jānis 328, 331 Balodis Voldemārs Dāvids 280 Baltgailis Kārlis 385 Banga Alfrēds 403 Bangerskis Rūdolfs 199 Barons Krišjānis 17,190, 352,402,403,419 Bartuševskis Jāzeps 453 Baumanis Artūrs, gleznotājs 404, 416 Baumanis Artūrs, rakstnieks, muzeju darbinieks 362, 402, 421, 422, 425 Baumanis Jānis 347 Baumanis Kārlis 253 Bauze Edgars 23, 24, 63, 69,125,129,136,137,205, 206,254,273, 292, 314, 354 Bauze Elza 314 Bejerens Abrahams van {Abraham Hendrikz van Beyeren) 437 Bekings Aleksandrs 303 Beķeris Sīmanis 416 Belte Aleksandrs 150,151,155,156,159,160,163,176 Benjamiņš Antons 425 Bēres Lavīze 372 Berkholce Erna 134, 267 Berķis Jēkabs 16, 207, 249,250, 261, 264,453 Berķis Krišjānis 368, 370 Bērziņa Marija 24,137 Bērziņš Alfrēds 333 Bērziņš J. 416 Bīlmanis Alfrēds 274 Biļķins Vilis 425 Bīne Jēkabs 155, 168, 184,188, 189, 385,404, 416 Birkels Heinrihs {Heinrich Burkel) 378 Bīrone Olga 310 Birzenieks Herberts 435 Birznieks 280 Birznieks Jānis 333 Bīskaps Dāvids 405 Blaumane Hilda 248, 453 Blaumanis Jānis 16, 206,207,218, 219, 232,235, 236, 242-244,246, 248-252, 254, 255, 260,261, 264-267, 270, 273, 274,276-278, 280, 281, 283-286, 290-292, 296-299, 302, 303, 306-310, 314, 438, 452, 453, 456 Blaumanis Rūdolfs 26, 27, 336,362,403,419, 421,444 Blaus Pēteris 408 Blēms Valters {Walter Julius Gustav Bloem) 63, 383 Blūzmanis Kārlis 240 Blinova Zinaida 248,261 Bodnieks Džems 416 Bogajevskis Konstantīns {Костантин Богаевский) 364 Bogdanovs-Beļskis Nikolajs 411 Bonners Egons {Egon Bonner) 406, 429 Borga T. 338 Bože Jūle 354 Bračs Jūlijs 453 Brastiņa Māra 84 Brastiņš Ernests 280, 349 Brederlo
Fridrihs Vilhelms {Fridriech Wilhelm Brederlo) 436 Brencēns Eduards 434 Brencēns Kārlis 290, 298 Briedis Alfrēds 387 Brigadere Anna 362,403,406,421 Brīvkalne Emīlija (arī Freiberga) 260,265 469
Brīvzemnieks Fricis 402 Broce Johans Kristofs (Johann Christoph Broke) 290,297, 299 Braņenieks Mārtiņš 144 Brūvers Antons 349 Būceņa Jūle 354 Būcens Ansis 354 Būcens Ulrihs 343, 344, 347, 354 Budovskis Pauls 403 Bukšs Miķelis 338 Bukums Kārlis 394 Būmanis Aleksandrs 421 Būmanis Vilhelms 144—146,155,156,158 Burovs Arnolds 310 Buša Milda (Matilde) 254,255, 260, 273, 284-286, 290, 298 Bušs Kārlis 26, 27,363 C Caune Ēriks 416 Celmiņa Margrieta 411 Celmiņš Herberts 385 Celms Jānis 63, 382,383 Cepleviča Pakalniņa Jūlija 27, 32, 69, 79, 84-86, 90, 94, 95, 103-106, 136-139,142,155,156,158,176, 183, 187, 205, 394 Ceriņš Eduards 138, 249 Cielavs Jānis 385, 404, 405 Glītis Gunārs 155 Cimermane Veronika 138 Cimermanis Valters (Walther Zimmermann) 429 Cimze Jānis 387, 389, 396, 434 Ciparsons 116 Gruliš Ansis 15, 252, 384, 405, 414, 416, 421, 434 Collenkopfe Austra 155 Č Čaikovs Josifs (Иосиф Чайков) 364 Čaks Aleksandrs 26 Čandere Valija 138 Čērčils Vinstons Leonards (Sir Winston Leonard Churchill) 310, 311, 314 Čirkstāns Ambrošs 143 D Dagda Kārlis 91, 94, 95, 98,103, 106 Dajevskis Ēvalds 418 Daiga Alberts 310 Dambītis Roberts 368, 370 Danenhiršs Bernhards 286, 287 Dankers Oskars Jēkabs 185, 201, 203,204,382,408 Dante Aligjēri (Dante Alighieri) 362 Darvins Čārlzs Roberts (Charles Robert Darwin) 363 Dārziņš Volfgangs 181, 187, 188-192,195,196,205, 207 Dāvis Anna 453 Deglavs Arnolds 429 Deineka Aleksandrs (Александр Дейнека) 364 Delle Jēkabs 327 Denies Karls (Karl Dönik) 242 Derevjanskis Vladimirs (Владимир Деревянский) 333 Dilfers Kurts (Kurt Dülfer) 130,140,154, 201, 203, 378, 425, 428
Dimā Aleksandrs (Alexandre Dumas) 211 Dimovs N. 429 Dinsbergs (Dinsberģis) Ernests 386 Diņģelis Stanislavs 418 Ditfurts Volfgangs fon (Wolfgang von Ditfurth) 303 470 Dodē Alfonss (Alphonse Daudet) 211 Dombrovskis Augusts 419 Dombrovskis Jānis 237, 290, 298,358, 386-389, 396, 434 Domogackis Vladimirs (Владимир Домогацкий) 364 Dranda Jēkabs 144 Drapče Nora 418 Draviņš Kārlis 359, 421 Drehslers Oto Heinrihs (Otto Heinrich Drechsler) 62, 63, 89,154, 376, 378, 383,407, 408,414,429 Drigota Tadeušs 102 Druste Lidija 90, 91, 94, 95, 103, 106 Druva Jūlijs 336 Dubovskis Jānis 143 Dubulta Ģertrūde 190 Duka Μ. 387 Dzeguze Līze 249, 270 Dzeivers Arturs 29 Dzelzkalējs Eižens 200, 201, 203-206 Dzene Berta 298 Dzenis Alfrēds 370 Dzenis Burkards 63,184, 340,363,378,414,425 Dzenis Krišjānis 146 Dzenis Pēteris 232,298 Dzērve Rūdolfs 333 Dzērvīte Aleksandra 176, 188,189,453 Dzērvītis Arvīds 42, 59,116,177, 336 Dzintarkalns Tīcs (arī Teodors Zandmanis) 449 Dzirne Roberts 250 Dzimis Roberts 202 E, Ē Edžiņš Matīss 427 Egerss Kurts (Kurt Eggers) 194 Eglāja Baiba 194 Eglājs Ēvalds 426 Egle Arvīds 384 Egle Kārlis 333 Eglītis 182 Eglītis Alfrēds 59 Eglītis Arturs 435, 437 Eglītis Viktors 78, 79 Eiduks J. 388 Ēķis Ludvigs 332 Eliass Ģederts 260, 385,404,405, 432 Eliass Kristaps 290, 298,435,437 Elksnīte Edīte 11 Endzelīns Jānis 291 Engels Karls (Carl Fridrich Wilhelm Engel) 105,144,185, 380, 381, 422 Engelss Fridrihs (Friedrich Engels) 344 Engrs Zans Ogists Domeniks (Jean Auguste Dominque Ingres) 437 Ērglis Rihards 222, 223, 250, 280 Eriksons Sigurds (Sigurd Erixon) 61 Ermanbrika Emilija 159 Etingere
Estere 55, 56 F Feders Jūlijs 385, 436 Feierbahs Anselms (Anselm Feurbach) 378 Ferlina Marija 232, 237,243,251, 252,254,260,265, 274, 275,278, 290, 297,453, 456 Flesners Juris 71 Fogelis Pēteris 155
Fogts (Fochts) Ludvigs 338 Foldāts E. 379 Freiberga Emīlija 265 Freibergs Kārlis Augusts 444 Freimanis 310 Frickauss Kristaps 405 Frišmanis Valdis 338 G Gailišs Jāzeps 143 Galindoms Artūrs 328,334, 370 Gegingers Volframs (Wolfram (Wolf) Goegginger) 57 Geistaute-Kovaļevska Erna Matilde 411 Gerasimovs Aleksandrs (Александр Герасимов) 428 Gēbelss Jozefs (Paul Joseph Goebbels) 204 Gērte Vilhelms (Wilhelm Gaerte) 264 Ginters Hanss Fridrihs Karls (Hans Friedrich Karl Giinther) 139 Glãsmeijers Heinrihs (Heinrich Glasmeier) 92 Godickis-Cvirko Dimitrijs 134 Goppers Miķelis 105,176 Gorkijs Maksims (Максим Горький), īstajā vārdā Aleksejs Peškovs (Алексей Пешков) 362 Gothards Herberts (Herbert Gotthard) 184 Grabars Igors (Игорь Грабарь) 364 Grabe Valters fon (Walter von Grabe) 407 Graubiņš Jēkabs 205 Grava A. 379 Grīna Māra 84 Grīnberga Mērija, jaunākā 24, 27, 31, 32, 69, 79, 81, 84,105, 137-139, 142, 143,150, 151,155, 156,159, 163,164,176,183, 192, 204, 206, 271, 273, 276, 277, 285, 296, 306, 307, 310, 422, 478 Grīnberga Mērija, vecākā 248 Grīnbergs Hermanis 385, 453 Grīnbergs Johans (Jānis) 150 Grīnbergs Teodors 194 Grīnfelds Nils 435 Grīnvalds Kārlis 352 Grosvalds Fridrihs 248 Grosvalds Jāzeps 404 Grūbe Kārlis Eduards 385 Gulbe Anna 265 Gulbis Fricis 265 Gusārs Arvīds 296, 299 Guščins Aleksandrs 260, 261,270,272, 308, 309 Gūža Anna 138 Ģ Ģermānis Arturs 254 Ģinters Valdemārs 11,14, 32, 46,47, 52, 59, 63, 79, 86, 92,123,132, 135,137-140,142,144,149,150, 154-156,159,160,163,165, 168,169,176,183-185,194,195, 200, 201,203,204, 250, 283, 336-338,340,349-352, 375-378, 380, 381, 383, 384,
389,391, 394, 396, 398, 408, 425, 453, 477, 478 H Haberlands Arturs (Arthur Haberlandt) 84, 85 Haberlands Mihaels (Michael Haberlandt) 84 Heine Oto (Otto Heine) 154 Heins Vilhelms (Wilhelm Hein) 84 Heņķis Nikolajs 28 Hitlers Adolfs (Adolf Hitler) 55,155,199, 240-242,314,410, 416 Hoberzecers Hanss (Hans Hobersetzer) 50 Holcmanis Andrejs 91, 95, 98,103,105,106,116,155 Holsts Nīls fon (Niels von Holst) 46-49, 52, 376-378, 386,387,428 Holsts Valters fon (Walter von Holst) 428 Hondekuters Melhiors de (Melchior de Hondekuter) 437 Huns Karlis 404,428, 436 I İlgara Aleksandra 232, 245, 255, 260,270, 273,290,298 Iljinskis Serafims (Серафим Ильинский) 429 Induse-Muceniece Marija 403, 404, 405 Induss Jānis Elmars 404 Irbe Voldemars 385 Ivanickis Staņislavs 411 J Jablonskis Andrejs 325 Jakobsone Marija 168 Jakobsons 35, 37 Janelsiņa Veronika 385 Jansone 139 Jansone Antonija 207, 261, 453,456 Jansons Jānis Alberts 314 Jansons Karlis 249 Jaunarājs Oļģerts 404 Jaunsudrabiņš Jānis 385 Jaunzems Bruno 386, 397, 398 Jaunzems Jānis 59, 79, 87, 158,159, 165,192,195,196,199, 261, 299, 354,438 Jēgers Jūlijs 168,176,175,184, 404, 414, 416 Jekelns Fridrihs Augusts (Friedrich August Jeckeln) 199, 303, 306 Jende 244 Jērums Alberts 192 Jodls Alfrēds Jozefs Ferdinands (Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl) 242 Junkers Aleksandrs 404, 405 Jurjäns Andrejs 419 Jurjäns Juris 419 Jurķelis Eduards 340, 368, 405 К Kade Jānis 419 Kadilis Jānis 167 Kalējs Oskars 337, 338, 380,396, 430 Kalmīte Jānis 176,177 Kalnbērziņš Jānis 307, 311 Kalnietis J. 386 Kalniņa-Rūtiņa Elza 69, 85, 86, 90, 94, 95, 99,103,104,106, 137,
138,155, 156, 248,272, 284, 306 Kalniņš Alfrēds 26 Kalniņš Arvīds 334 Kalniņš Bruno 370 Kalniņš Eduards 270, 384, 386, 411 Kalniņš Jānis 26 Kalniņš Teodors 356 Kalnroze 240,243 Kalnroze Valdis 386 Kalpaks Oskars 299, 328 Kalvāns Vitālijs 430 Kalve Pēteris 385, 404 Kalva Staņislavs 40 Kaļvu dzimta 143 Kapiņš K. 310 Kapmane Auguste 426 Kāpostiņš Ādolfs 78, 79, 273, 275, 285, 291 Karitons Eduards 405 471
Kamupa Ilze 156,164,185,188,201, 209, 211, 219,222,244, 252, 254, 255, 260, 261,264,265,270, 271, 273, 283, 290-292,296, 299,302,310 Kamupa Zelma 156,185,188,199, 200, 201,203, 205,208,209,211, 218,219,251,252, 254, 255,260,290, 296,308 Kamups Ādolfs 16,17,24,34,40,42, 44,61, 63, 69,70, 86,91,94, 104-106,125,128,130,132,138,140,143,148,155,156,163, 176,184,185,188, 191,192,207,208,218, 222,232, 235, 237, 241,243,254, 260,264,267, 271, 290, 298, 315, 319-322,325, 334, 350, 394,398, 450, 453,456,463,467, 469,477, 478 Kasatkins Nikolajs {Николай Касаткин) 436 Katlaps Krišjānis 403,404, 432,433 Katrīna II Lielā 434 Kaudzīte Matīss 362,403 Kaudzīte Reinis 403 Kaudzītes, brāļi 91,331,400,403 Kaupo 267 Kaveckis 102 Kazeka Milda 144,145,149,150 Kazēks 286 Kaža Otilija 416 Kempfs Verners (Werner Kempf) 199 Kipers Hanss 303 Kiprenskis Orests (Орест Кипренский) 364 Kirhenšteins Augusts 270, 325, 343,408,435,460 Klaustiņš Roberts 232, 236, 246,250,306 Kiepers Ādolfs 389,396,425 Kļaviņš Jānis 456 Kļaviņš Pēteris 460 Kļaviņš Roberts 370 Kononovs Vasilijs (Василий Кононов) 430 Koņevs Ivans (Иван Конев) 437 Korāts Pēteris 28 Kornets Pēteris 448 Korovins Konstantīns (Константин Коровин) 436 Kramerovskis Jānis 249 Kramskis Ivans (Иван Крамский) 364 Krastiņš 404 Krastiņš Pēteris 385 Krastiņš Voldemārs 421 Krasts Μ. 372 Krauze Oskars 358 Kreicbergs Jānis 404 Krieva Velta 248 Krilovs Porfīrijs (Порфирий Крылов) 364 Krimšķis Emīlija 165 Kristapsons Fricis 155 Krivcovs S. 429 Kronbergs Rūdolfs 418 Kronvalds Atis 402 Kruglovs Georgs 260 Krūka Aleksandrs 155,163 Krūmiņš Artūrs 26 Krūmiņš Mārtiņš
411 Krupskaja (Krupska) Naděžda (Надежда Крупская) 354 Kuga Jānis 26,27, 385, 414,421 Kūlainis Nikolajs 386 Kundziņš Pauls 86,87,398 Kuprijanovs Mihails (Михаил Куприянов) 364 Kuršinska Olga 450 Kuzems V. 429 Kužma Pēteris 143 Kviese Valija 311 472 Ķ Ķēniņš Atis 16 Ķešāns Augusts 351 Ķikuts Viktors 347 Ķincis Jūlijs 434 L Labsvīrs Jānis 403 Lāce Alise 260, 261 Lācis Jūlijs 343, 346 Lācis Ruta 155,156, Lācis Vilis 307, 325, 408,429 Laids Ēriks (Eerik Laid, līdz 1922. g. Ērihs Arturs Ostrovs; Erich Arthur Ostrov) 144,145 Laizāne Tekla 352, 396,425 Lamsters Viktors Ernests 49, 63,374 Landsmans Jānis 372 Lapiņš Arturs 246,255, 298,432 Lapukins Alfrēds 411 Laukgala Austra 404 Lautenbaha Vera 404 Lauva Jānis 385,418 Ledzis 102 Legzdiņa Ligita 194 Legzdiņš Roberts 87, 91, 94-96,116,124,126-132,134,135, 139, 142,154,156, 158,159,163-165,183,398 Leišupe T. 379 Lejiņš Pauls 308, 343 Lēnbahs Francis fon (Franz von Lenbach) 378 Lerhis-Puškaitis Ansis 150 Lēviss of Menārs Karls Voldemārs fon (Karl von Löwis of Menar) 196 Levitans Izaks (Исаак Левитан) 428 Liberts Ludolfs 385,404, 414 Līdaks Jānis 232,235-237, 242,244,248,250,252, 270, 272,276, 314, 361,426, 427, 443 Līdeks Osvalds 91, 95,190,195 Lieknis Jānis 343 Liepiņa Aleksandra 176 Liepiņa Dzidra 248 Liepiņš 302 Liepiņš Anatols 253 Liepiņš Jānis 403,404,432 Līkums Herberts 346,356,363 Lines (Linz) 185 Loja Jānis 232, 240 Loze Hinrihs (Hinrich Lohse) 102, 376,425 Lukstiņa 176 Lukstiņš Gustavs 299 Ļ Ļeņins (Ленин), īstajā vārdā Vladimirs Uļjanovs (Владимир Ульянов) 23,24,26, 34,299,344,354, 359, 361,432,443,457 Ļūļaks Krišjānis 370 Μ
Mačulis 102 Madernieks Jūlijs 405 Makarts Hanss (Hans Makart) 378 Makovskis Vladimirs (Владимир Маковский) 364 Maivess Roberts 358 Mancelis Georgs (Georgius Mancelius) 386 Mangolds Herberts 386
Markss Kārlis (Karl Marx) 240, 344,440 Marrs Nikolajs (Николай Mapp) 306, 307 Masija Kventins (Quentin Massys) 437 Matzke 163 Maulics Nikolajs 138 Mauriņš E. 386 Mazdāvids А. 155 Mazjēcis Aleksandrs 432 Mēdems Valters Eberhards Aleksandrs brīvkungs fon (Walter Eberhard Alexander Freiherr von Medern) 327, 377, 404, 405, 429 Medenis Jānis 398 Mediņš Jānis 26,207 Medne-Romane Alma 150,155,156,159 Megiste Juliuss (Julius Mägiste, līdz 1922. g. Juliuss Melsons; Julius Maison) 155,158,169 Meisters Andrejs 155 Melbärde Marija 135 Melle Irene 168 Melnbārdis Karlis 419 Melngailis Emilis Jūlijs 28,192 Meļķis Ernests 432 Mercs Hugo 184 Merežko V. R. 210, 242,243 Merkelis Garlībs (Garlieb Helwwig Merkel) 376 Miesnieks Karlis 404 Mietnieks Karlis 206,207 Mikulāns Broņislavs 143 Milts Fridrihs 384, 396 Misiņš 116 Models Oto Morics Valters (Otto Moritz Walter Model) 181 Montetons Albrehts Dižons fon (Albrecht Baron Digeon von Monteton) 303 Moora Harijs (Harri Moora) 11 Mozers Hanss (Hans Moser) 117 Mozerts Aleksandrs 310,427 Musolini Benito Amilkare Andrea (Benito Amilcare Andrea Musolinį) 155,156 N Naika Arnolds 416 Neikens Juris 419 Neilis Kārlis 404 Nemme Otomārs 385 Nērmanis Birgers (Birger Nerman) 347 Niedra Andrievs 421 Niedre (Niedra) Jānis 11,240, 243, 254,352 Nordmans Karls Aksels (Carl Axel Nordman) 11 Ņ Ņekrasovs Aleksejs (Алексей Некрасов) 260 Ņesterova Ausma 352, 354 Ņikonovs Aleksandrs 311 О Oliņa Elizabete 456 Onzele Milda 155 Ošs Kārlis 176,177, 349 Oste Arnolds de (Arnold de Oste) 158 Ostenu dzimta 158 Ostrovs Ērihs Arturs (Erich Arthur Ostrov) 144 Ostrovs Jānis 307 Ozola
Konstance 251,267,273, 275, 297,429,434 Ozoliņš A. 155,164 Ozoliņš Fridrihs 11, 280, 290, 298 Ozols P. 453 P Paegle Eduards 325, 328 Paegle Leons 362,445 Paegle-Birģele Alma 14, 325 Pakalne Biruta 155 Palcmanis Jānis 234-236, 250, 254, 255, 265 Pampe 307, 310, 314 Pankoks Miķelis 384, 406,460 Paškēvičs Jānis 351, 354 Paulāns Andrejs 143 Pauļuks Pēteris 58,59, 207 Pauzers Voldemārs 403,404 Pavels Bruno 303 Peipāns Konstantīns 143 Peive Jānis 308 Pelše Arvīds 460 Pelše Roberts 260, 261,270 Peniķis Mārtiņš 370 Perlīns Jāzeps 31,348, 356 Pētersons Jānis 148,159 Petrāvis-Zariņš Aleksandrs 160 Petrovs Aleksandrs 434 Pfannenštīls Rūdolfs (Rudolf Pfannenstiel) 158,159 Piesis Verners 346 Pīle Augusts 206, 207 Pinnis Rūdolfs 26, 27,346, 366 Pladers Oto 168,386 Plampe Hilda 228, 229 Plensners Aleksandrs 370 Plēpis Jānis 405 Plēsums Pēteris 311 Pletenbergs Valters fon (Wolter von Plettenberg) 380 Pliesmane Ieva 311,448 Pluka Matīss 265 Plūme Emma 372 Podnieks Arsēnijs 182-184,195 Polis (Anna?) 286 Pols A. 132 Ponomarjovs Vasilijs (Василий Пономарёв) 196,197, 206 Pormalis Andrejs 155, 416 Poruks Jānis 419 Prāveste N. 310 Preiss Jēkabs 372 Priedītis Uldis 155 Prīmanis Mārtiņš 89, 92,382 Princis Kārlis 402, 425 Pūce Voldemārs 29 Puksis Edmunds 383 Pumpurs Andrejs 91, 400 Pupa Augusts 260, 428 Pūpols Jānis 385 Purapuķe Jānis 419 Pūriņš Paulis 434 Purmalis Andrejs 416 Purpētere Nora 137, 150,204,396,422, 425 Purviņš Pēteris 138 Purvītis Vilhelms 17, 363, 378, 404, 405, 414, 425, 432 Puškins Aleksandrs (Александр Пушкин) 362 Putniņa Maiga 394 473
R Rainis, īstajā vārdā Jānis Pliekšāns 26, 362, 421, 445 Ratermanis 235, 240 Rauska Jānis 389 Reiziņš Eduards 445 Reneslācis J. 11,477 Renks Gustavs (Gustav Ränk) 155, 158, 169 Repins Ilja (Илья Репин) 365,428,437 Rērihs Nikolajs 436 Riekstiņa Emīlija 248 Riekstiņš Hugo 202,205,377,425 Riekstiņš Pēteris 450 Rieteklis, īstajā vārdā Balodis Jūlijs Eduards 388 Rikmanis Jānis 299,405 Rivču dzimta 143 Rivoša Ludmila 250,251 Roja Alfrēds 403 Rokotovs Fjodors (Федор Рокотов) 364 Rokpelnis Fricis 27, 253,270,426,429,435, 437 Roks Francis fon (Franz von Roques) 378 Roze Jānis Staņislavs 428 Rozenbergs Alfrēds (Alfred Rosenberg) 78, 79, 379, 380,385,414 Rozenbergs Jānis 134 Rozenbergs Kārlis 138, 202,207, 250, 261, 275, 276, 302,453 Rozen tāls Janis 385,404,429,432,435,436 Rozentāls Miķelis 421 Rozīte Elfrīda 232 Rozītis Bruno 87, 232 Rozītis Kārlis 78, 79, 235,236,260,290,296,298,308,438 Rožlapa Pēteris 386 Rudenāja Elza 237, 234, 245,246,249, 251, 252, 260,261, 264,265, 273,311,448 Rudzītis Laimonis 155,158 Rudzītis Rihards 155 Rufs Zigfrīds (Siegfried Ruff) 206, 303 Rūķe-Draviņa Velta 155 S Sakārnis Oskars 70, 71 Salaks Artūrs 28, 36 Saldavs Oļģerts 363 Sarmulis J. 416 Sauka Kārlis 386, 418 Saukantu Jānis 211 Seilis (Seiļs) Stepons 340 Seimanovs Aloizs 143 Sēja Ludvigs 167, 205 Siders (Sidars) Jānis 450 Sidorovs Arkādijs 144-146,155 Šiliņa Auguste 69, 79, 81, 85,104,137,138,143, 155,156,160,163, 169,176,177, 205, 206 Šiliņš 36 Šiliņš Matīss 11, 77, 79, 80,244,384 Šiliņš Mārtiņš 261 Šiliņš Voldemārs 98,103,106,155, 426 Skalbe Kārlis 192, 398 Skride Ārijs 386 Skudra Μ. 372 Skulme
Oto 26, 27,232, 244,255, 260, 278, 385,421,432 Skulme Uga 154,290, 403, 404 Skulme-Liepiņa Marta 404 Skulte Bruno 29 Skulte Jānis 74 474 Sloka E. 155 Soikāns Jezups 338 Sokolovs Nikolajs (Николай Соколов) 364 Sosijevs Aleksandrs Zaurbeks 384 Spalva Alfrēds 347,371,438 Spandegs 219 Speke (Spekke) Andrejs 333 Spēlmanis A. 386 Spinga Agnuss 70, 71 Spinga Dagnija Agita 71 Spinga Elza Alvīne 70, 71 Spinga Fricis 63, 69-71, 74,385 Spriņģis Jēkabs Arturs 386 Sproģis Jūlijs 181 Sprūde 385 Spure Žanis 347 Staļins Josifs (Иосиф Сталин), īstajā vārdā Josifs Džugašvili (Иосиф Джугашвили) 23,24, 242, 252, 253, 307, 310,311, 314, 315, 344, 354, 366, 414, 432, 449 Stana Marta 155 Stenders Oto 418 Stepanovs Valentīns (Валентин Степанов) 411 Stepiņš Pēteris 155, 158, 176,206 Stradiņš Pauls 16, 252,255, 261, 298, 302,303, 308,310,315,477 Straubergs Jānis 148,150,244,245, 297, 306, 376 Straubergs Kārlis 57, 86,104,143,144,148,150,151,169,189,195, 383,398 Straubergs Kārlis, vecākais 148 Straume Jūlijs 232,438 Strautnieks Jānis 244, 248, 453 Strazdiņš Jēkabs Alfrēds 140,150,151,404,405 Strazdiņš Kārlis 222, 240,252,314, 426, 427 Strazdiņš Miķelis 309,453 Strickis Karls fon (Carl von Stritzky) 46, 89,128,130, 376,378,383, 391,408 Strickis Kristians Karls Kristofs fon (Christian Karl Christoph von Stritzky) 36 Strods Heinrihs 14, 352 Strunke Niklāvs 405 Stučka Pēteris 248, 249, 461 Stukmanis К. 177 Sudmalis Jānis 70, 91,141,144, 201,245,292, 360, 384,394,398, 418, 429, 446, 458 Sudrabu Edžus, īstajā vārdā Morics Eduards Zilbers 362 Sudrabkalns Jānis, īstajā vārdā Arvīds Peine 429 Šūniņa Marta
140,155, 163,181, 273, 274, 286,314 Sūniņi 208 Sūniņš Žanis 135,155,164, 297, 404 Surikovs Vasilijs (Василий Суриков) 428,436 Suta Romans 29,437 Svemps Leo 384,432 Sviestiņš Jānis 359, 386, 394, 425 Š Šadrs Ivans (Иван Шадр) 364 Seins Georgs 290 Seltema Frederiks Adams van (Frederik Adama van Scheltema) 12 Sene Emīlija, dzimusi Krimšķis 165 Šērs Donats 143 Šiliņš Jānis 327, 402, 421, 425 Šillers 206 Škapars K. 425 Šķilters Gustavs 404
Šļivku dzimta 143 Šmitmanis Pāvils 205 Šnekels (Schneckei) 190,192 Šņore Elvīra 11,49, 243-245,260, 349, 350 Snore Rauls 11,42, 49, 131, 143, 248, 264,291,299,361, 377, 380, 386,387, 396,398,418,425,434,438 Šnornieks Arvīds Kārlis 383 Špicvēgs Karls (Carl Spitzweg) 378 Špīss Karls fon (Karl von Spieß) 84, 85 Šrēders Hanss (Hans Friedrih Johann Schröder) 52, 62,63, 92,378, 383-385, 390,428, 429 Šrēders Valters (Walther Schröder) 92 Staufenbergs Klauss Filips Marija Šenks grāfs fon (Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Staujfenberg) 199 Steinbauers 128 Štelmahs Grigorijs (Григорий Стельмах) 251 Štokmanis Arnolds Bruno 11,144-146,171, 273, 297,389, 390, 396, 398,429 Strauss Konrads (Konrad Strauss) 143 Štrāls Karlis 429 Štrobels Hanss (Hans Strobel) 84, 85 Sturms Eduards 11,46,47, 63,134,137,184,185,188,189,192, 196,327, 337, 341,349,350,377, 378,380, 381,394,398 Šuberts 49 Šules Aleksandrs 36 Šules Andrejs 447 Švābe Arveds 86, 398, 422 Šveics Erasts 405 T Taube Karlis 436 Tentelis Augusts 327, 349,370 Tepfers Verners 46, 47, 49, 52, 63, 86, 87, 89, 95, 96,116,126,137, 154,156,159,160,165,176,183,185, 370, 377,378, 380, 398,453 Terpilovskis Alberts 416 Tīdemanis Jānis Ferdinands 385 Tilbergs Jānis Roberts 411 Tīle Ernests Oto (Ernest Otto Thiele) 78 Tiltiņš Voldemars 416 Timoškāns Jāzeps (Jezups) 430 Tipainis Nikolajs 234, 235, 246, 248, 249, 278,290,299,302,438 Tiranovs Pēteris 248, 453 Tolstojs Aleksejs (Алексей Толстой) 310 Tolstojs Fjodors (Федор Толстой) 364 Tolstojs Levs (Лев Толстой) 362 Tomsons Rihards Kārlis 419 Tone Valdemārs Teodors 385, 404, 405 Tontegodu dzimta 132
Tots Fricis (Fritz Todt) 205 Tranzē-Rozeneks Aleksandrs Georgs Astafs fon (Alexander Georg Astaf von Transehe-Roseneck) 331,380 Treimanis-Zvārgulis Edvards 421 Trinklers Ivans 435 Trocigs Dags (Dag Trotzig) 61,184, 336, 349 Troponins Vasilijs (Василий Тропонин) 364 Trumens Harijs S. (Harry S. Truman) 252 Turkis А. 163,164 U, Ū Ubāns Konrāds 134, 274, 385,432 Oders Teodors 405, 428, 434, 436 Ūdris (Ūdre-Dviele) Ella 416 Uldriķis Teodors 386 Ulihs Karls Gotlībs (Karl Gottlieb Ulich) 384 Ulmanis Kārlis 16, 59,192,206, 207, 248,253, 310, 325, 331, 240, 341, 345, 359, 362, 366, 370,428, 453, 456, 457,477 Unāms Žanis 168, 405, 407, 414 Upeniece Konstance 351, 396 Upīte Elvīra 292, 373, 385, 396,419,447 Upītis Pēteris 404 Upītis Valdemārs 29 Upīts Andrejs 27, 435, 445 Uršteins Osvalds 27 V Vagulāns Mārtiņš 333 Valdemārs Krišjānis 362, 442 Valdmanis Alfrēds 382 Valdmanis Voldemārs 26-28, 347, 363, 421 Valeskalns Pēteris 343, 352, 354, 356, 365, 426 Vallis Jāzeps 154 Valters Johans (Jānis) 404 Vanags Jānis 71 Vanags Jūlijs 27, 253 Vankina Lūcija 261 Varslavāns Francisks 432 Varslavāns R. 352 Vasariņš Vilhelms (Vilis) 167,184, 416 Vasilevskis Aleksandrs (Александр Василевский) 242 Veide Emīlija 371 Veidenbaums Eduards 362, 434 Veidlings Helmuts (Helmuth Otto Ludwig Weidling) 241 Veilands Ernests 168,184, 255,261, 264, 272, 275, 306, 310, 385,416 Veinberga 434 Veismane Lavīze 151 Vējš Mārtiņš 436 Velde Aleksandrs 456 Veldre Vilis 265 Verdenko Natālija (Наталия Ведренко) 251 Verle Agnese Sofija Margrieta 228, 237, 243, 244, 297, 306 Verners Francs (Francis; Franz Werner)
194,195,198,199 Verters Fridrihs (Friedrich Werther) 303 Vetrovs Mihails (Михаил Ветров) 333 Vidbergs Zigismunds 405, 416, 437 Viduks Vilis 460 Vīķa Hilda 414 Vīksna Arnis 17 Vīksne Fridrihs 24 Vīksne Rudīte 16 Vilberns Johans Heinrihs (Jochan Heinrich Wülbern) 378 Vilcānu dzimta 143 Vilmanis Eduards 151 Vilmansone Marta 140 Vilsone Melita 232, 264,291 Viļumainis Jūlijs 405 Vintens Jānis 372 Vinters Voldemārs 387 Vipers Boriss 26, 27,154, 364 Višinskis Andrejs (Андрей Вышинский) 325 Visokihs Vladimirs 49 Vīteļu Pēteris 356,444 Vītols Eduards Kārlis 385 Vītols Juris 387 Vitroks Hugo (Hugo Wittrock) 391 Volfs Kārlis 453 Volfsbergers Francis (Franz Wolfsberger) 406 Vrubļevskis Leonīds 372 475
z Zagorska Ilga 250,251 Zāle Kārlis 370 Zaļkalns Teodors 194,195,404, 414,432 Zants Valdis 182 Zariņš Jānis 456 Zariņš Kārlis 29 Zariņš Marģers 192, 310 Zariņš Rihards 404 Zass Alfons fon {Alfon von Sass') 384,446 Zaube ƒ. 155 Zaurs Mārtiņš 405 Zeids Teodors 188,189 Zeltiņš A. 286 Zemdega Kārlis 404 Zemvalds Herberts 387 Zēbergs (Grants) Pauls 333 Ziemelis Edmunds 334 Zilberts Alfrēds 94-96, 98, 99, 103-106,169 Zīle A. 308 Zīle Indriķis 419 Zirdziņa Lidija 91 Zirdziņš Jānis 91,94, 95, 98,103,104, 106 Zīverss Karls Georgs fon {Carl Georg Graf von Sievers) 196 Zîverts Kristaps 311 Zolbergs-Kugra Krišjānis 416 Zommers Alfreds Rihards {Alfred Richard Sommer) 196 Zunde 141,176 Žute 281, 310 Zviedris Aleksandrs 260 Zvirbulis Jānis 386 Ž Žībelis Vitolds 211 Žīgure Hilda 310 Žīgurs Jānis 310 Žukovskis Jānis 372
Jānis Ciglis A MUSEUM WORKER'S LIFE IN TIMES OF HISTORICAL CHANGE Archaeologist ethnographer, artist and historian of medicine Ādolfs Karnups was born in Riga in 1904. He graduated from Riga 2nd Secondary School in 1924 and went on to study archaeology and ethnography at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Latvia. For two semesters, he also attended the Academy of Art. Already in 1925, while still a student, Karnups took part in an archaeological excavation: together with Rauls Snore and J. Reneslācis, he worked on the Latgale archaeological expedition led by Prof. Francis Balodis. In the course of this fieldwork, he learned archaeological excavation methods, which subsequently allowed him to undertake his own excavations of burial sites and hill-forts. Karnups worked as an inspector of the Board of Monuments, Latvia's institution for the protection of historical sites, and at the Academy of Art, and was employed for 20 years at the present National History Museum of Latvia. Karnups was one of the most talented historians of the 20th century, with an extensive knowledge of archae ology, ethnography, numismatics, and the history of art and culture. He directed archaeological excavations and ethnographic fieldwork, and published more than 150 academic papers, which cover archaeological excavation on Talsi hill-fort, folksong and traditional dress. One of Karnups's main scientific interests was Latvian folk ap plied art, especially ornamentation. He wrote a book entitled The History of Latvian Applied Art, which remained unpublished. In the course of preparing this
work, he compiled several thousand cards with drawings, tran scribed records and comments, which are still kept in the collections of the National History Museum of Latvia. The most important aspect of this work is Karnups's cardinally new approach to the problem under study, where, rather than limit folk art research to the study of ethnographic material, he sought the origins of later phenomena in archaeological finds. In the second half of the 1930s, Karnups focused mainly on the study of ethnographic textiles. His most im portant works include the book Regional Folk Dress (Novadu tērpi) and the study "Latvian dress in the past 350 years", published in the volume Introduction to the History of Latvian Folk Dress (Ievads latviešu tautas tērpu vēsturē) edited by Valdemārs Ģinters. Karnups's publications on Latvian traditional dress may be regarded as constitut ing the first serious attempt to arrange the ethnographic material on a scientific basis and systematize it according to district. Karnups also initiated the study of ancient roads on the basis of archaeological methods, namely by observations in the field, and began the study of medieval archaeological finds. In recognition of his work, Kar nups received in 1930 the Order of Three Stars, Class V. On 27 March 1946, Karnups was arrested. Risking his career and his life, he had concealed several boxes with valuable items from the museum collections to save them from plunder, along with documents, photographs and films from the time of Latvia's independence and events relating to Kārlis Ulmanis. The War Tribunal of
the Lat vian SSR Interior Forces sentenced Karnups to death, a sentence commuted in an appeal case in 1947 to ten years in labour camp. Karnups served almost the full term of his sentence, being released in August 1955. Following his return from incarceration until his death in 1973, Karnups worked at the Pauls Stradiņš Museum of the History of Medicine as head of the Ancient Medicine Section. THE DIARIES OF ĀDOLFS KARNUPS (1941-1946) The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups were compiled during the years of the Second World War and shortly after the war, when he headed the Ethnography Department of the National History Museum of Latvia, known at the time as the State Historical Museum. These are six notebooks or weekly planners Karnups had made himself, with concise, concentrated and calligraphically written notes on the activities planned and undertaken at work that day, mentioning the people he had arranged to meet or met, and noting the national and international events that seemed significant to him. The diaries constitute an authentic, original source, and one that is highly reliable, because the entries were made on the day in question, shortly before or after the events described, rather than retrospectively, remembering events at some later time. Karnups's diaries are highly significant in that they document the history of the cultural heritage sector. They constitute an important source for studying the activities of the Board of Monuments as the institution 477
responsible for the protection of cultural heritage sites in Latvia during the years 1942-1944, since they describe the ethnographic fieldwork and the material obtained in the course of this work, which, on account of the wartime conditions, was processed only to a very limited degree or hardly at all. Karnups’s diaries record a wealth of data relating to this fieldwork. Pasted into the diaries are maps of the routes followed in the fieldwork, which he had prepared himself, these being the only maps of this kind surviving up to the present day. The diaries also significantly supplement the scanty information concerning the events of the first half of the 1940s at the State Historical Museum and at regional museums, since in this period fifteen regional museums (the Open-Air Museum and the museums of Aizpute, Cēsis, Daugavpils, Jelgava, Jēkabpils, Kuldīga, Liepāja, Ludza, Rēzekne, Rundāle, Talsi, Ventspils, Valmiera and Valka) were branches of the State Historical Museum. The diaries help trace the movement of items in the collections between different branches of the museum; in addition, they con tain information about collections held by private individuals and various societies that were transferred to the museum for safekeeping until the end of the war but were plundered, destroyed or incorporated into the muse um collections during the time of Soviet occupation. The diaries cover the period of the Second World War - a time of complicated, dramatic and merciless chang es, characterizing it from the perspective of everyday life and also helping to understand the
cultural policy of the different political regimes. In the five years covered by the diaries, Latvia witnessed a succession of three occupa tions: the Soviet occupation, followed by Nazi occupation and, from summer 1944, a second Soviet occupation. Each of these regimes required the museum to re-align its activities in accordance with its ideological position and saw the museum collections as constituting a trophy. The diaries also have a key significance for understanding the precise course of events involved in the sav ing of Latvia's museum and archive heritage in 1944-1946, which has in recent years been brought to attention through the academic papers by Jānis Kalnačs and Rasa Pārpuce on Mērija Grīnberga, legendary figure of Lat via's museum life, as well as the documentary drama Merija's Journey (Mērijas ceļojums), an exhibition at the Lat vian National Museum of Art and the novel The Grosvalds Family (Grosvaldi) by Kristīne Želve. The diaries tell of how the museum collections were packed and how they were photographed beforehand, and a volume of the diary from 1946 contains a map drawn by Karnups showing the route along which the collections were transport ed after they were taken from the State Historical Museum on the orders of the Nazi regime, a route that began in Riga on 4 October 1944 and passed through Poland and Czechia to Germany, and from Germany back through Hungary, Poland, Ukraine and Russia, ending in Riga on 10 February 1946. This was also the route followed by Mērija Grīnberga, who accompanied the museum objects, packed in about 700 boxes.
Karnups also took part in preparing the objects for evacuation, and so was a witness and participant in these events. When in spring 2019 the National History Museum of Latvia received back from descendants of Valdemārs Ģinters, who had been director of the museum, valuable documents, items and several thousand colour and black and white slides, only the detailed notes in Karnups's diary permitted the identification of about 1200 photographs recording the objects in the museum collections prior to packing for evacuation to Germany. In order to set out the context of the events described in the diaries, the text has been supplemented with explications of the terms and concepts used in the diaries and with an extensive commentary, also identifying various institutions, societies, organizations and personal names. The text of the diaries has been set out in ac cordance with present-day rules of punctuation, retaining the characteristics of the language of that time. Obvi ous grammatical and writing errors have been corrected. Missing letters and words, without which the meaning of a sentence is hard to comprehend, have been added in square brackets, as have the forms of place-names in accordance with their latest appearance in cartographic materials or their present-day form. The missing parts of abbreviated words are likewise given in square brackets. Arnis Radiņš LATVIA'S MUSEUMS DURING THE SUCCESSIVE SOVIET-GERMAN-SOVIET OCCUPATIONS Starting from the late 18th century, museums had been established by societies, individuals, public organ izations, the state and municipal
authorities, and by 1940 a diverse museum sector had developed. On 17 June 1940, Latvia was occupied by the Red Army, and on 5 August the country was incorporated into the USSR. 478
Soviétisation affected all sectors, including museums. The art museums were placed under the Board of Arts. New directors were appointed to head the major arts museums, the museums' names were changed and their profile altered. On 1 October 1940, a Museums and Monuments Protection Section was established, which, along with administration of the museums, also took over the responsibilities of Latvia's abolished heritage institution, the Board of Monuments. In the second half of the 1930s, four new branches of the State Historical Museum were established, in Jelgava, Cēsis, Daugavpils and Rundāle. In 1940, a further eleven museums were made branches of the museum: those of Aizpute, Jēkabpils, Kuldīga, Liepāja, Ludza, Rēzekne, Talsi, Ventspils, Valmiera, Valka and the Open-Air Museum. The most important museum that did not survive the initial year of Soviet occupation was the War Museum, which was abolished and its building handed over to the Red Army. Initially, the Museums and Monuments Protection Section transferred the War Museum's collections to the Museum of the Revolution, but later part of these collections went to the Central Museum for Research on the Native Country. These museums were new institutions set up by the Soviet authorities, which never actually managed to open their doors to visitors. A serious effort was made to ideologically "instruct" the museum staff. Red Corners and wall newspapers were created, such as were widely utilized in the USSR, and comprehensive professional development courses held for museum staff, setting out the tasks of Soviet museums,
introduced dialectical and historical materialism, etc. Initially, in the absence of an "official" version of Soviet Latvia's history, when transforming the permanent exhibition, the emphasis was placed on the theme of class conflict. From 8 July 1941, Latvia came under Nazi German occupation, and subsequently was made a general region within the Reichskommissariat Ostland, which, in turn, was placed under the Special Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories. Cultural institutions gradually resumed their activities. In accordance with the system es tablished by the Directorate-General of Education and Culture in January 1942, the museums of the pre-Soviet period could recommence their activities, with the exception of the Museum of the City of Riga, which, under the name of the Dorn Museum, was joined to the State Historical Museum. During the German occupation, the museum sector implemented plans for activities and exhibitions that had been interrupted by the Soviet occupation. It is possible to perceive this as a partial continuation of the cultural policy under the Republic of Latvia. Of course, it was all subject to a degree of control by the German occupation authorities, which required a "correct history of Latvia". The permanent museum exhibitions consisted of archae ological, ethnographic, historical as well as art and literature sections, all of them paying tribute in some measure to the instructions issued by the occupation regime. The German occupation authorities used the temporary and permanent museum exhibitions to influence public opinion in a
favourable direction, the Riga City Art Museum becoming the largest and most important venue for propaganda exhibitions. On 18 July 1944, the Red Army reached the borders of Latvia, and by 27 July it had taken Daugavpils and Rēzekne. The museums were once again directly exposed to warfare and the ensuing destruction. As in other ter ritories under Nazi German occupation, the evacuation of archives, libraries and museum values commenced in Latvia, the plan being that cultural values would be taken to Czechoslovakia. Partial evacuation of the collections affected the Riga City Art Museum, the State Historical Museum and its Dorn and Liepāja branches. The directors of all the major museums along with many of the staff left the country. The State Historical Museum was renamed the Central State History Museum. The collections taken abroad were regained, and new ones were created in line with the new ideology. The Open-Air and Dorn Museums con tinued to function as branches of the museum up to 1946, while the museum's former departments outside of the capital, in Ludza, Daugavpils, Jēkabpils, Cēsis, Liepāja, Kuldīga, Ventspils, Madona, Talsi, Aizpute, Sigulda and Bauska, became independent regional museums. The Museum of the Revolution, opened to the public in 1947, became the flagship of the museum sector. The Soviet regime turned the museums into machines for producing and disseminating the propaganda it required. Extra-mural forms of activity were widely utilized, such as seasonal events in the resort town of Jūrmala, travel ling exhibitions shown at congresses of the
Soviet regime's representatives and its organizations, and at theatres, clubhouses, etc. The whole of the museum sector would be involved in glorifying various anniversaries, elections, Stalin's five-year plans, etc. 1947 may be regarded as bringing to a close the process whereby the groundwork was created for instituting the Soviet system within the museum sector. |
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| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1369554009 (DE-599)BVBBV048525181 |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4058900-6 Tagebuch gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Tagebuch |
| id | DE-604.BV048525181 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T20:50:40Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:40:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789984747545 |
| language | Latvian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033902023 |
| oclc_num | 1369554009 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 478 Seiten Illustrationen 31 cm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230627 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Latvijas Nacionālais Vēstures Muzejs |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 Verfasser (DE-588)1270770543 aut Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) sastādītāja: Sanita Kalna The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) Rīga Latvijas Nacionālais Vēstures Muzejs 2021 478 Seiten Illustrationen 31 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Englische Zusammenfassung Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 (DE-588)1270770543 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4058900-6 Tagebuch gnd-content Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 (DE-588)1270770543 p DE-604 Kalna, Sanita edt Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) Englische Zusammenfassung Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 (DE-588)1270770543 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1270770543 (DE-588)4058900-6 |
| title | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| title_alt | The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| title_auth | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| title_exact_search | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| title_full | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) sastādītāja: Sanita Kalna |
| title_fullStr | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) sastādītāja: Sanita Kalna |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) sastādītāja: Sanita Kalna |
| title_short | Ādolfa Karnupa dienasgrāmatas |
| title_sort | adolfa karnupa dienasgramatas 1941 1946 the diaries of adolfs karnups 1941 1946 |
| title_sub | 1941-1946 = The diaries of Ādolfs Karnups (1941-1946) |
| topic | Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 (DE-588)1270770543 gnd |
| topic_facet | Karnups, Ādolfs 1904-1973 Tagebuch |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033902023&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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