Foreigners in Muscovy: western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia
Between the late fifteenth and early eighteenth centuries, the State of Muscovy emerged from being a rather homogenous Russian-speaking and Orthodox medieval principality to becoming a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Not only the conquest of the neighbouring Tatar Khanates and the colonisat...
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| Summary: | Between the late fifteenth and early eighteenth centuries, the State of Muscovy emerged from being a rather homogenous Russian-speaking and Orthodox medieval principality to becoming a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Not only the conquest of the neighbouring Tatar Khanates and the colonisation of Siberia demanded the integration of non-Christian populations into the Russian state. The ethnic composition of the capital and other towns also changed due to Muscovite policies of recruiting soldiers, officers, and specialists from various European countries, as well as the accommodation of merchants and the resettlement of war prisoners and civilians from annexed territories. The presence of foreign immigrants was accompanied by controversy and conflicts, which demanded adaptations not only in the Muscovite legal, fiscal, and economic systems but also in the everyday life of both native citizens and immigrants. This book combines two major research fields on international relations in the State of Muscovy: the migration, settlement, and integration of Western Europeans, and Russian and European perceptions of the respective "other". |
| Physical Description: | vii, 262 Seiten Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781032330914 9781032330891 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Between the late fifteenth and early eighteenth centuries, the State of Muscovy emerged from being a rather homogenous Russian-speaking and Orthodox medieval principality to becoming a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Not only the conquest of the neighbouring Tatar Khanates and the colonisation of Siberia demanded the integration of non-Christian populations into the Russian state. The ethnic composition of the capital and other towns also changed due to Muscovite policies of recruiting soldiers, officers, and specialists from various European countries, as well as the accommodation of merchants and the resettlement of war prisoners and civilians from annexed territories. The presence of foreign immigrants was accompanied by controversy and conflicts, which demanded adaptations not only in the Muscovite legal, fiscal, and economic systems but also in the everyday life of both native citizens and immigrants. This book combines two major research fields on international relations in the State of Muscovy: the migration, settlement, and integration of Western Europeans, and Russian and European perceptions of the respective "other". | |
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| adam_text | CONTENTS European Immigration to Muscovy in the Early Modern Era: An Introduction Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller 1 SECTION 1 Immigration, Settlement, and Integration 1 2 3 4 25 From Individual Destinies to an Emergent Community: Latins in Sixteenth-Century Moscow Iulia Nițesat Back in Moscow: Repatriation of Muscovite Emigrants in the Political and Legal Culture of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Russia Konstantin Erusalimskii Foreigners on Moscow’s Housing Market: Legislation, Practices, and Administrative Handling of Foreign Residence Ownership in the Decades before Its Prohibition in 1652 Simon Dreher Muscovite Ideology and the “Other” in the Town: Articles of the 1649 Law Code and the Impact of Local Initiative Endre Sashalmi 27 42 62 80
vî Contents SECTION 2 Interaction, Conflict, and Cooperation 5 Foreign Mercenaries and the Russian Population, 1631—1634: Conflict and Coexistence Oleg Rusakovskii 6 The Jesuit Mission and the Local Catholic Community in Smolensk: The First Years after the Treaty of Eternal Peace 1686 Kirill Kochegarov 7 Perlustration: The Opening of Foreigners’ Mail in Muscovy Daniel C. Waugh 8 Foreign Engineers, the Conquest of Azov, and the Building of Taganrog Iskra Schwarcz 97 99 115 133 152 SECTION 3 Communication and Perception 9 A Foreigner in Early Sixteenth-Century Muscovy: Duke Mikhail Glinskii at the Muscovite Court Uladzitnir Kananovich 10 Playing Chess with Boris Godunov and Living in a Guesthouse: Attitudes to Armenian Merchants in Early Modern Muscovy Alexandr Osipian 11 Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Family Networks in Dutch Trade with Russia, 1590—1750 Jan Willem Veluwenkamp 12 Halfway between the Kremlin and the Sloboda՛. The Catholic Physician Carbonarius and the Social Networks of Foreign Specialists in Muscovy Sabine Dumschat 165 167 188 206 224
Contents Appendix 1: Maps Appendix 2: Glossary Appendix 3: Acronyms and Abbreviations Notes on the Authors and Editors Index vii 231 240 243 245 250
INDEX This is an index of persons, places and selected relevant terms and concepts. Bibliographical data and historiographical discussions are not included in the noted page numbers. The index ako does not include names of researchers or the places of publication found in the lists of cited works. Abakumov, Sofon 51 Aborn, John 214 Adams, Richard 148n33 Adolph, Thomas 146nl5 Akema, Louis 147n24 Akema, Phihmon 140, 147n24 Albert III, duke of Saxony 168 Aleksei Mikhailovich Romanov, tsar of Russia 8, 47, 51, 72, 76n76, 84, 138, 140, 148, 197 Aleksei Petrovich Romanov, tsarevich 9 Alert, Klaus 67 Alexander I Pavlovich, emperor of Russia 52 Alexander VI, pope 33 Alexander Jagiellon, grand duke of Lithuania 167-169, 172 Alexandria 188, 199 Alkmaar 217 Amida see Tigranakert amnesty see mercy Amsterdam 76n78, 140-141, 147nl8, 148n32, 148n33, 191, 198, 200, 209-218 Andronov, Fëdor Ivanovich 44-45 Angler, Andrei 104 Anna Ioannovna Romanova, empress of Russia 52 Annand, Alexander 109 Antwerp 210 Argutinskii, Iosif 198 Aristotele ofBologna 31 Arkhangel sk 5, 7, 72, 99, 103, 119, 140-141, 156, 197-198, 200, 209-219, 234n31, 238 Armenian, Armenians 2, 188-200, 201n30, 201Ո53, 201Ո65, 202n69, 202n82, 202n86 Astrakhan 179, 184n61, 200, 200n2, 201Ո30, 201Ո32, 201n53, 238; Artniaiiskaia sloboda 201; Gilan guesthouse 196; Gostinyi dvor 199 Austria 47, 68, 136, 155, 158, 160, 168, 171, 175, 227 Azov 152-160, 234, 238 Balkans 155 Balmont, Konstantin 42 Balsyrev, Iakov 104 Baltics 5, 9, 30, 99, 106, 183n27, 209-210, 213, 219 baptism 32-36, 126, 209; conversion, rebaptism 3, 29—37, 38n6, 39n25,
39n36, 55, 68, 71, 75n48, 81-82, 84-85, 91, 92֊93n38, 115, 117, 121, 124, 126-128, 129n3, 135, 138, 147n23,
Index 251 168, 171, 178,196,198, 216, 226, 228; unbaptised 82, 84, 91 Baranov, Men shik 45 Barberini, Raffaello 35, 37 Bartushvich, Stanislav 118 Batory, Stefan 47, 49 Bėgant, Thomas (Bozant) 156, 159 Belevskii, Ivan Vasil evich 46 Belkens, Zacharaias 214 Below, Johannes 69-70 Belskii, David Ivanovich 43-44, 48-49, 52 Behkii, Dmitrii 54 Belskii, Fëdor Ivanovich 46, 55 Belskii, Ivan Ivanovich 54 Belskii, Semen Ivanovich 45-46, 52-54 Berlin 156 Bernards, Daniel 214 Bernards, Jean 214 Bernons, Jan Danielz 141 Berns, Albert Baltzar 214 Bezobrazov, Ivan 49 Bielke, Gustave 135, 145n8 Bisenegg, Gregorius Carbonarius von see Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius Blaeu, Willem Janszoon 191 Blazhevskaia, Anna 124, 128 Blazhevskii, Roman 124 Bloch, Albert van der 147n24 Blumentrost, Laurentius (the elder) 234n24 Boehen, Paweł 119 Bohemia 138, 168, 170, 173 Bolkhov 51 Bologna 185n69 Bonumbre, Antonio 29 Borgsdorf, Ernst Friedrich von 153, 156-160 Boris Godunov, tsar of Russia 6, 44-45, 50, 191, 193-194, 196, 241 Borovsk 170, 172, 174-175, 177 Bozant, Thomas see Bėgant, Thomas Brain, Thomas (Brayn) 197 Brandenburg-Ansbach, Albert von 178, 184n51, 185n70 Brediman, Thomas 103, 105 Brest 183n27, 238 Brodskii, Joseph 42 Bruin, Cornelius de 202 Buchau, Daniel Printz von 35-36 Buchlingh, Martin Jacobsz 139-140 Buda 169 Buh river 238 Bulgakov, Mikhail Ivanovich 176-177 Bulghar 201 Bülow, Nicolaus (Nikolai Bulev) 176, 180-181, 183n44, 228 Burchert, Franz 234 Bussow, Conrad 6 Buthler, David 216 Buturlin, Boris 116 Buturlin, Efim 54-55 Byzantine Empire 4, 38nl6, 197 Caffa 194, 238 Calvinism see
Protestantism Calvucci, Horatio Wilhelm 135 Cantersten, Lars Bertilsson 146 captives, prisoners of war 1, 5-7, 33-34, 45, 47, 50-51, 66-67, 74n25, 104, 170, 172, 174-178, 184n47, 184n49, 198, 232 Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius (Gregor Voglar) 224, 227-233, 234nn23֊25, 234n28, 234n31, 234n33 Carinthia (Kärnten) 224 Carniolia (Kranjska) 224, 233 Catherine II “the great” (Ekaterina Alekseevna Romanova), empress of Russia 9, 52, 83, 199 Catholicism, Catholic, “Latins” 2, 4, 6—7, 9, 15n6, 27-38, 38nl6, 83, 92-93n38, 115-118, 120-129, 168, 171-172, 184n48, 185n73, 196-197, 201n61, 202n69, 226-231, 234n23, 234n28 Chancellor, Richard 5 Chapman, Reason 65 Charles I, king of England 7, 109, 212 Charles V, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 176 Cherepaha fortress 153 Cherkassk 155 Cherkasskii, Ivan Borisovich 106 China 119-120, 128, 141, 157 Christina, queen of Sweden 137, 146nl5 Chrostovski, JózefJakub 118, 122-123 Church: Armenian {see Armenian); Calvinist, Lutheran {see Protestantism); Catholic {see Catholicism); Orthodox (see Orthodoxy); Uniate 115 church (building), chapel 102, 200nl9, 207; Armenian 196-200, 202n69; Calvinist 196, 201n61; catholic 8, 30, 36, 38nl0, 115-116, 118, 120, 123, 126, 171, 196, 201Ո61, 228; Lutheran 33, 66, 71, 196, 201n61; non-orthodox 7, 88, 196; orthodox 5, 35, 51, 68—69, 71, 73, 87-90, 99, 102, 104, 106, 109, 118, 124, 127, 175, 189, 192-193, 197-198; protestant 6-7, 36, 90, 226, 228; Uniate 115
252 Index clergy 4, 31, 37, 38nl6, 66, 72, 116, 197, 199, 225, 231 Collo, Francesco 183ո44 communication 2, 105, 133-138, 140-144, 145ո5, 146nl7, 146ո22, 181, 199, 215, 225-227, 231-232; see also correspondence community, parish 80, 173; Armenian 194, 196, 200; Calvinist 9; catholic 28-30, 32, 34, 36-37, 124-126, 128-129, 227-229, 231-232; foreign 2, 4, 6, 9, 27-30, 62-63, 68, 73, 104, 106, 109. 144, 206, 213, 225-226, 228-229, 231; Lutheran 9; orthodox 68, 71, 76n83, 80—81, 83-84, 88—90; protestant 6, 34, 226; Tatar 34 competition 62-63, 70, 72-73, 141, 168, 171, 208 conflict, violence 2, 6, 8-9, 63, 72, 74n25, 100-103, 107-110, 169, 194, 199; see also uprising; war Constantinople (Istanbul) 4, 31-32, 38nl6, 189, 194 Contarini, Antonio 29, 31, 38 conversion (religious) see baptism cooperation 107, 197, 208-209, 214, 217 Copenhagen 135, 140 correspondence 32, 43, 47, 120, 128, 133-144, 146nl4, 147n22, 148n31, 148n33, 149n42, 158, 171, 178, 185n73, 209, 218, 225, 228, 233; see also letter council 168, 197, 217; Aulic War Council (Hojkriegsrat) 155-156, 158, 160; duma 43, 122‘ 194-195, 240; Sejm 48, 194; zemskii sobor 242; see ако law councillor, secretary, clerk (d iak, pod iachii) 47, 136-137, 143, 146nl4, 146nl6, 168, 170, 172-173, 181, 184n51, 241 council of Ferrara and Florence see Ferrara and Florence, council of Cracow (Kraków) 173 Crawford, Alexander (Krafort) 67, 75n75 Crimea (peninsula), Crimean Tatars 8, 43, 155, 168, 194, 198, 200, 201n32 Cromwell, Oliver 145n4 Czartoryski, Adam 52 Dahm, Hendrik van 106 Dale, Andries de la 140 Dale, Pieter de la 140, 145n6
Danilov, Grigorii 123 Danube (Donau) 238 Danzig (Gdańsk) 136, 140, 173, 189 David, Georg 117 decree (ukaz) see law Dee, Arthur 65 defection, treason 42-56, 85-86, 105, 109, 127, 144, 157, 168-169, 174-178. 180-182, 194 Delden, Johann Becker 135 Denmark 135, 138-139, 160, 173, 176, 183n41 Deulino, Truce of 104 Dickson, Jacob/Johan 146nl5 Digby, Simon 65 Dikranagerd see Tigranakert Dilbashev, Druzhina 108 diplomacy, diplomatic mission, negotiation 1, 4-5, 7-9, 30-32, 34-37, 38n4, 40n50, 43-44, 46-48, 51-53, 66, 69, 72, 81, 100-101, 104, 108, 110, 115-116, 119, 123, 126-128, 134-139, 141-144, 145n9, 155-156, 169, 172-174, 178, 181, 183n27, 184n40, 191-193, 202n85, 225-228, 230-232 Dmitrii, false see Dmitrii Ivanovich Dmitrii Ivanovich 36, 44-45, 49-50, 57, 191 Dmitrovskii, Iurii 54 Dnipro river 51, 238 Dnister river 238 Dolgorukii, Mikhail lur evich 155 Domanovskii, Ivan 118 Domashnii, Larion 54 Don river 50, 153, 157, 238 Donskoi, Dmitrii 30 Dorn, Ivan 68, 71 Dorpat (Derpt, lur ev, Tartu) 6, 43, 52, 148, 185n73, 233, 235n37, 238 Dowmont, Jerzy Dominik 118 Dreckhard, Arder 105 Dremiatskii pogost 102 Drzewicki, Matthiew 184n47 duma see council Dünaburg (Daugavpils) 170, 238 Dutch see Netherlands Dvina, Northern river 156, 210, 213, 238 Dvina, Western river 238 Eberschildt, Adolph (Ebers) 137, 142 Echmiadzin 199 Edirne (Adrianople) 190 Egypt 188, 199 Eichler, Christian (the younger) 234n25 Elena Ivanovna, grand duchess of Lithuania 38, 169 Elizabeth I, queen ofEngland 145n4 emigration see migration
Index 253 England, Englishman 3, 5, 36, 65, 67, 72, 76ո72, 83, 99, 103, 109, 139-140, 142, 145, 160, 185ո73, 197, 200, 209-210, 212-214, 225, 232; English (language) 67, 104, ПО, 140 Ernst, Christopher 158 Esai, Armenian catholicos ofGandzasar 198 Essen 216 Estonia 102, 148-149n42 Eugene, prince of Savoy 160 Evdokiia (sister of Vasihi III) 179 Evertson, Grigorii 158 exile see migration Eyber, Ignatius 229, 231, 233-234 Famendin, Arist see Mengden, Ernst von Fedor I Ivanovich, tsar of Russia 47-48, 50, 194 Fedor III Alekseevich Romanov, tsar of Russia 8, 143, 198 Fedorov, Ivan 51 Ferrara and Florence, council of 4, 31-32 Filaret, patriarch of Moscow 38, 50, 87, 90-91 Fihmonatus, Iustus 138 Finland 176 Florence 176 Fluher, Maria see Voglar, Maria Focht, Bengt 145 Fraas, Anders 137, 146nl6 France, French 4, 33, 82, 153; French (language) 104, 153, 160 Friazin, Andrei 30 Friazin, Ivan see Volpe, Giambattista della Friedrich, duke of Saxony 173 Friesland 168 Friso, Willem Karel Hendrik 217 Gaden, Daniel von 8 Gagarin, Semen Nikitich 105, 108 Gandzasar 198 Gardie, Magnus de la 135 Gavrilov, Vasihi 51 Gdov 103 Genghis Khan 179 Gennik, Filimon 234n25 Genoa, Genoese colonies 27, 30 Gensberger, Anton van 139 Gerens, Vybe 153 German (language) 67 “Germans” see nemtsy Germany, German see Holy Roman Empire Gerritsz, Hessel 191 Girai, Islam 43 Girai, Sahib 43 Glinskaia, Anna 179 Glinskaia, Elena 32, 46, 179-181 Glinskii, Ivan 167, 185n72 Glinskii, Lev 167 Glinšku, Mikhail Lvovich 32, 167-182, 183n33, 183n40, 184nn47-48, 184n51, 184n60, 185nn69-70, 185n73 Glinskii, Vasilii (Vasiľ) 167,
185n72 Golovin, Ivan 124-129 Golovin, Mikhail Ivanovich 44, 48-49 Golowiński, Jo. 183 Golitsyn, Vasihi Vasiľevich 8, 52, 116, 118, 128, 198 Goosen, Jan 141 Goossens, Georg 232 Gordon, Patrick 8, 143, 153, 156, 231, 234 Gorkii, Maksim (Aleksei Peshkov) 42 Görtsen, Aernout 140 gostinyi dvor see guesthouse Grab, Georg 68 Gramann, Hartmann 140, 148n31 Graz 224 Gregori, Gottfried 8, 234 Grelle, Laurentius 138-139 Grigor ev, Ivan 44, 49, 122 Grishka (pretender) see Dmitrii Ivanovich Grodno (Hrodna) 168, 238 Grundel-Helmfeldt, Simon 149 Gruneweg, Martin 189-191, 193—197, 199 Guarient und Rall, Ignaz Christoph von 230-232 guesthouse (gostinyi dvor) 189-199, 201nn30-31, 239, 240; see also Astrakhan ; Moscow Gustav Adolf, king of Sweden 99, 106 Haack, Samuel 156 Haarlem 217 Haax, Hendrick (the younger) 215 Haax, Hendrik (the elder) 215 Hague, the 141 Hamburg 135, 140, 147nl8, 214-215 Hamilton, Anna 109 Hamilton, David 109 Hannibal, Peter see Malii, Petrok Hanover 9 Hastfer, Jacob Johann 148-149n42 Herberstein, Sigismund von 5, 29, 32-33, 37, 38-39n22, 168-171, 175-178, 183n40, 183n41, 189, 231 Hof, Johann 156 Hohenzollern, Albrecht von 43
254 Index Holland see Netherlands Holstein?, 102, 139-140, 148ո31, 201ո65 Holtzmann, David Heinrich 156, 159 Holy Roman Empire, Germans 5, 48, 56, 99, 102-105, 107, 159-160, 168, 170, 173, 175, 178, 180-181, 189, 193-195, 209, 213, 216, 225 Horn, Bengt 148—149ո42 housing see settlement Huebert, Samuel Charles ď 107 Hulst, Jacob van der 140 Hulst (town) 141 Huyssen, Heinrich 9, 153 Iakovlev, Mikhailo 198 lanov, Vasilii Osipovich 45 Jaroslavl 238 Jartsov, Naum 53—54 Jartsov, Protas 53-54 lauza river 67, 75, 87, 239 Ulmer, Friedrich 232 Ilovle 157 immigration see migration India 148n31, 191-193, 200 Ingermanland 233 Ingria 235 integration, incorporation 1, 3, 6-7, 28, 30, 32-33, 35, 37, 39n36, 43, 52, 55, 73, 167, 171, 180-181, 192, 226 loakim, patriarch of Moscow 8, 116, 118, 120 lokan ga river 218 Irina Mikhailovna Romanova, tsarevitsa 135 Isfahan 198 Isidore, metropolitan of Kyiv 31, 37-38 Islam, Muslims 2, 27, 81, 84, 86, 92n38, 188, 190, 192, 199, 200n2, 200nl9, 228 Iso, lagan see Hof, Johann isolation, separation 1, 4, 9, 27-30, 33-34, 37, 42, 44, 47, 68, 80-81, 85, 90, 92n37, 103, 106, 115, 171-172, 181, 193, 195, 215, 226 Italy 36, 140, 160, 175-176, 183n40, 224 lur ev, Mikita 51 lur evets 180, 184n66 Ivan III, “the Great” Vasil evich, grand prince of Moscow 4-5, 28-33, 38, 46, 50, 55, 169, 189 Ivan IV, “the Terrible” Vasil evich, grand prince of Moscow, tsar of Russia 5-6, 28, 33-35, 43-44, 46, 49-50, 64, 74nl8, 184n61, 188-189, 210, 241 Ivan V Alekseevich Romanov, tsar of Russia 47, 116, 228 Ivan Dmitrievich, false tsarevich 44 Ivangorod 176, 238 Ivanov, Almaz 136,
146nl6 Ivanov, Fëdor (Fed ka) 105 Ivanovo 184n66 Jacques, Thomas 139, 148n33 Jakonowicz, Michal 117-124, 128, 130 Jan III Sobieski, king of Poland 127 Jani the Greek 190 Jarocki, Stanislas 184n47 Jever, Elizabeth van (born Metier) 216-217 Jever, Hendrik van 216-218 Jever, Volkert van 216-217 Joachim, patriarch of Alexandria 188 Johann V, bishop of Dorpat 185n73 Judaism, Jews, Jewish 2, 6, 8-9, 67, 108, 188, 197, 202n69, 226 Julfan 197-200 Kadino (Kadzyń) 117-119, 126 Kahon, Franz 156, 158-159 Kaluga 177, 238 Kama river 238 Kamyshinka 157 Karachev 51 Karpovich, Fëdor 116 Karstens, Christoph Wilhelm 234n25 Kasimir Jagiellon, grand prince of Lituania, king of Poland 167 Kazan 32, 34, 39n36, 84, 120, 179, 184n61, 188, 192, 200n2, 201n53, 238 Khitrovo, Bogdan 72 Khmelnitskii, Bohdan 199 Khodkevich, leronim Aleksandrovich 54 Kholmogory 72, 214, 238 Kiesewetter, Gustav 156 Kilburger, Johann 143 Klagenfurt (Celovec) 224 Klenek, Koenraad van (Koenraed) 191, 217-218 Kletsk 168, 182 Kliazma river 184 Kmita, Filon 54 Kober, Ehas 156 Koch, Anton 156, 158-159 Koch, Christoff 149 Kola Peninsula 218 Königsberg 170, 185 Konstantynowicz, Augustyn 116, 119 Korb, Johann Georg 8, 153, 157, 231—232 Kotoshikhin, Grigorii Karpovich 52
Index 255 198; Sobomoe Ulozhenie (Law Code of 1649) 7, 51, 65, 72-73, 74n24, 80-88, 90-91, 242 Leeuw, David 209, 218 Le Fort, François (Franz, Francis LeFort) 8, 153, 231 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 9 Lenin (Vladimir Ulianov) 42 Leopold I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 155, 158, 160, 228, 230-233 Leslie, Alexander 66, 99-110 letter 30, 38nl0, 40n50, 43-44, 47-49, 53, 85, 103, 107, 115-128, ІЗОпЗІ, 134-144, 145n4, 145n6, 145n9, 146ППІ5-17, 147nl8, 147nn21-22, 147n24, 148nn31-33, 148-149n42, 149n42, 149n46, 155, 158, 171, 173, 175, 178, 184n47, 202n86, 229, 232; of grant (zhalovannaia gramota) 63, 67, 69, 70, 89, 198; of passage 48; of recommendation 228 Liapunov, Prokopii 45 Liatskii, Ivan 45-47 Lilienthal, Johan van 142 Lippolt, Herman 170 Lithuania see Poland-Lithuania Liutik (Sed-Islam, fortress) 153 Livonia 5-6, 34, 39n41, 135, 138, 146nl6; 170, 195, 210 Livonian Order see Teutonic Order Livorno 140 Lobovskii, Ivan 118 Löfken, Herman 216-218 Lóikén, Maria (born van Sweeden) Ladziński, Józef 123, 126-127, 129 216-218 language 9, 101, 104, llOnl, 181, 193, Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasil evich 52 229, 230-231; interpretation, interpreter London 65, 140, 143 36, 104-105, 196; translation, translator Lorenz, Heinrich 156, 159 34, 36, 39n41, 40n50, 64, 104-105, Lubeck 76n72, 136, 180 112n37, 135, 137-143, 145n6, 146nl5, Luga 102 147nn21-22, 147n24, 148n31,148n35, Luki, Velikie 51, 238 158, 160, 196, 229, 232 Lups, Anna see Meijer, Anna Latin (language) 115, 168, 171, 231 Lups, Jan 216 “Latins” see Catholicism Lups, Jan (the younger) 217-218 Laval, Antoine de 153, 156-157, 159-160
Lutheranism see Protestantism law, legal 1-4, 9, 46-47, 50-51, 56, Lutsk 49 Lviv 189-190, 194, 196, 238 62-65, 72, 80-84, 86, 93n59, 100-101, 103-105, 109, 123-124, 137, 152-154, Macarios, patriarch of Antioch 198 169, 188, 190, 195-196, 198-199, mail see letter 209, 219, 241; decree {ukaz) 9, 50-52, Malbork (Marienburg) 183 63-65, 68-73, 74n20, 74n33, 76n72, Maloiaroslavets 170, 172, 177 76-77n83, 81-82, 85, 87-91, 121-122, Malii, Petrok (Hannibal, Peter) 43 124, 126-127, 129, 234n33, 241; illegal, Mamay, emir 167, 179 semi-legal 76n83, 128-129, 137, 195, Kotov, Fedot 201ո32 Kotov, Ivan 99, 103-104, 107 Kozel sk 238 Kovrov 184 Kozlov, Iakov 146nl6 Kozunov, Bykov Bogdanovich 54 Kozunov, Ivan Bogdanovich 54 Kraevskii, Nazarij 119, 126 Krage, Casimir (Kazimir) 156, 158-159 Krainburg (Kranj) 224, 233 Krasnoe Selo 109 Krasovitskii, Aleksander 117 Kremlin see Moscow Krichev 53-54 Krizhenin, Semen Andreevich 49 Kruse, Elert 6 Krusebjörn, Peter 136-137, 139 Kudaikul, Evdokiia Ivanovna 39n36, 179 Kudaikul (Peter Ibrahimovich), khan of Kazan 39n36, 178-179, 184n49 Kuhar, Peter 227 Kupkeev, Murza 44, 48 Kurbskii, Andrei Dmitrievich 51 Kurbskii, Andrei Mikhailovich 43-45, 47, 53, 55 Kurbskii, Dmitrii-Mikolai 57 Kurländer, Hans 105 Kurtz, Johann Ignatius 231-234 Kvashnin „Zolotoi“, Ivan Grigor evich 44, 48-49, 55, 57n24 Kyiv 7, 31, 37, 116, 190, 194-197, 202n69, 238 Kyivan Rus 1-2, 27-28
256 Index Mamluk Sultanate 193 Mamonich, Martin 190 Mandelso, Johan Albrecht de 148n31 Manuelo (Manoila) 190, 194 Marienburg see Malbork Marquardt, Theophile 170, 178, 181, 185n70 marriage 4, 32-35, 38n6, 39n36, 52, 109, 135, 138-139, 169-170, 179-180, 196, 198, 209, 214-219, 229 Marselis, Gabriel 214 Marselis, Leonhardt 142-143, 147n24 Marselis, Peter 135, 139, 142 Martinov, Ivan 117, 121-122 Mas, Carlus 158 Matveev, Artamon 7-8 Maximilian I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 5, 32, 168, 171, 173-178 Mayerberg, Augustin von 135-136, 145-146nl0 Medyn 170 Meier, Konrad (Kondratei Meer) 159 Meijer, Anna (born Lups) 216-217 Meijer, Elizabeth see Jever, Elizabeth van Meijer, Herman 216-217 Meijer, Katharina (born Lorken) 216 Meijer, Rudolf 216 Mengden, Ernst von (Arist Famendin) 68 Menk, Frol (Ottomenk) 125-126 Menzies, Paul (Menesius) 118, 231, 234n28 mercy 32, 45-49, 51-52, 54-56, 169 Mezetskii, Mikhail Romanovich 46 Miehin, Ivan 117, 122 migration 212; emigration 42-47, 50-53, 55, 56n2, 170, 175, 179; exile 8, 42, 197; immigration 1-9, 52, 62-64, 66, 74n25, 84-85, 137, 152, 226, 240-241; internal migration 50; refuge 29, 42, 50, 54, 170, 177, 181; return 3, 6, 31-32, 105, 154, 157-159, 168, 173, 226, 228, 233; return to Muscovy 43-46, 49-56, 233 Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, tsar of Russia 6, 44-45, 50, 87-88, 91, 99, 109, 135, 138, 140, 241 Mikhailov, Boris 124 Minsk 238 Mitrovich, Kuz ma 146nl5 Mius (Semenovskaia), fortress 153, 157 Miusskii Peninsula 153 Mniszek, Jerzy 49 Molin, Karp de see Moulin, Karel Janszoon du Mongols, Golden Horde 167, 179, 184n61, 201Ո53 Monson,
Danilko 146nl6 Mörner, Carl 146nl4 Morozov, Boris Ivanovich 72 Morozovichi 51 Mortenson, Lars 146nl5 Mosalski, Stanislaw 51 Moscow (Moskva) 1, 5-8, 27-37, 38nl6, 45, 47-49, 52-54, 56, 62-73, 74n20, 74n25, 74n31, 75n35, 75n37, 75n40, 75n51, 76-77n83, 77n88, 81-82, 87-91, 100-109, 112n37, 115-120, 122, 125, 128, ІЗОпЗІ, 135-144, 145n9, 145֊146nl0, 146nnl4-15, 146nl7, 147n22, 147n24, 148nn31֊32, 148-149n42, 155, 157-158, 161n23, 171-172, 176-178, 181, 183n40, 183n44, 188-199, 201n61, 202n85, 211-212, 214-216, 225-233, 238, 239; Arbat (gates) 104, 239; Armianskaia (road) 191; Astrakhanskii dvor 192; Belyi gorod (Tsargorod) 68-70, 88-90, 191, 239, 240, 242; Chertol skie (gates) 239; Davydovskii dvor 191; Dmitrovskie (gates) 239; Gostinyi dvor 189-191, 193; Iľinka (street) 191, 239; Il inskie (gates) 65, 68, 239; Kitai gorod 43, 45, 65, 67, 88-89, 191, 239, 240; Kremlin (kreml ) 5, 34, 44-45, 52, 135, 137, 143, 168, 170-171, 183n40, 193-195, 215, 224-225, 229, 231, 239, 240; Krymskii dvor 192; Nogaiskii dvor 192, 210, 213; Panskii (Posol skiî) dvor 189, 192—193; Pokrovka (street) 71, 191, 239; Pokrovskie (gates) 68, 239; Semenovskaia sloboda 75ո40; Ustretenskaia (street) 68, 75, 239; Zamoskvorech’e (Streletskaia sloboda) 239, 242; Za Zemlianym gorodom (Slobodka) 239, 242; Zemlianoi gorod 88, 229, 239, 240, 242; see also Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) Moscow, State of see Muscovy Moskalevka (Moskali) 43, 55 Moskva, Fëdor 56 Moskva river 75n37, 192, 242 Moskvin, Anikei 56 Moskvin, Kozma 56 Moskvitin, Averky 56 Moskvitin, Ivan 56 Moucheron, Cosmo de 214 Moucheron, Maria de 214 Moulin,
Karel Janszoon du (Karl Mollin, Karp de Molin, Karp Demulin) 71, 76n70, 139, 214 Mozhaisk 51, 238 Mozhaiskii, Semen Ivanovich 46 Mrochkovskii, Mikołaj 122 Msta river 51
Index Mstislavľ 116, 118 Mstislavskii, Fëdor 55 Musin-Pushkin, Ivan 117—118, 124, 129ռ14 Muscovy (Moscow, State of) 1-7, 9, 27-30, 32-38, 38n4, 38n6, 39nn36-37, 39n41, 43-48, 50-56, 62-68, 72, 80-85, 87-88, 92֊93n38, 103, 117, 119, 121-122, 124-126, 128, 134-135, 138-140, 142-144, 145-146nl0, 148n35, 152-154, 160, 167-173, 175-182, 184nn60-61, 185n69, 188-189, 192-197, 199-200, 214, 224-228, 231-233, 238 257 146nl5, 146П17, 148-149n42, 159, 188, 197, 228, 238 Novodvinsk fortress 156 Nyen 137, 146 Obolenskaja, Anastasija see Pen kov-Iaroslavskii, Anastasija Obolenskaja, Elena see Ghnskaia, Elena Obolenskij, Iurii 180 Obolenskij, Mikhail 180 Ogilvy, Georg Benedict 153 Ogiński, Marcjan 116-118, 120, 122-123, 127, 129 Oka river 216, 238 Okhta 215 Nagel, Johann 232 Old Believers 51-52, 56, 197-198, 200; Nagim, Andrei 56n7 see ако schism Nakhs (Naklo) 224 Oldeland, Hans 135-136, 145n9 Naropiński, Stanislas 170-171 Olearius, Adam 7, 69, 71, 74n51, Narva 137-139, 142, 148-149n42, 210, 74-75n57, 75n70, 75-76n83, 87, 90, 232, 238 102, 140, 148n31, 201n61, 62n78 Narva river 176 Onega river 238 Nashchokin, Grigoril 51 oprichnina, oprichniki 6, 55—56, 241 Nefimonov, Koz ma Nikitich 155 Ordin-Nashchokin, Afanasii Lavrent evich Negrebecki, Paweł 144 (Athanasius) 47, 143 Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) 6, 66-67, Ordin-Nashchokin, Voin 52, 55 109, 196, 239, 241; Novo-Nemetskaia Orel 51, 238 (Novo-Inozemskaia) sloboda 7-8, 56, 62, Orel (warship) 216 65, 72, 74-75n33, 229, 239, 241 Orlov, Grigorii 44-45 nemtsy (“Germans”) 36, 70, 71, 75n48, Orsha 117-118, 122-123, 128, 175, 76n70, 84-86, 88-91,
93n62, 99, 177, 238 103-104, 106-108, llOnl, 112n41, Orthodoxy (Christian), orthodox 1, 4, 7, 180, 197, 240 31-33, 37-38, 38n2, 38n6, 38nl6, 64, Netherlands, Dutch, Dutchmen 3, 67, 76, 72, 81, 84, 109, 118, 120, 124, 197, 199, 99, 103, 119, 141, 145n6, 158, 160, 162, 226, 232, 241 168, 191, 200, 202n82, 206-219 Osborne, John 140, 148n33 Neugebauer, Martin 9 Os mino 102 Neva river 146nl4, 213 Ostafevichi, Putilo 54 Newjulfa, Isfahan 197-198 Ostoja, Joseph 156 Nikon, patriarch of Moscow 72, 81, 87, Ostrozki, Kostiantin 172 197, 215, 241 otherness, attitudes towards others 2—4, Nikonovskii 153 7-8, 15n6, 28-31, 33, 35, 37, 53, 62, Nisin, Davyd van der 75n48 65, 68, 71, 80-91, 92n37, 92-93n38, Nisin, Katerina van der 68, 71, 75n48 104, 108, 169, 196-197, 226, 229, 240 Nisin, Phihpp van der 75n48 Otrep ev, Grishka see Dmitri։ Ivanovich Nizhnie Sadovinki 191 Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, Turks 4, 34, 81, 155, 157, 189-190, 192-194, Nizhnii Novgorod see Novgorod, Nizhnii Nizhyn 199, 238 199-200, 202n86, 228; Ottoman Nogai 155, 192 (language) 196 Ovdin, Mikhail 53 Norby, Sören 176 Northern Dvina river see Dvina, Northern Norway 214 Pakhra river 215-216 Paleolog, Sofia (Palaiologina, Zoe) 4, 31 Novgorod, Nizhnii 214, 238 Palitsyn, Avraamii 43 Novgorod, Velikii (the Great) 4-5, 29-30, Pallavicini, Opisto 116 33, 37, 38n2, 38nl0, 45-46, 50-51, pardon see mercy 69, 100, 102-109, 112, 137, 141-142,
258 Index Pashkov, Karpo 51 Patkul, Johann von 153 Pavlovskaia fortress 153, 157 peace, treaty 50, 139, 141, 155, 160, 169; Andrusovo, Treaty of (1667) 115, 142; Eternal Peace, Treaty of (1686) 115-116, 120-123, 127; Habsburg-Muscovite Treaty (1514) 174-175; Nystad, Peace of (1721) 9; Pohsh-Lithuanian-Muscovite Treaties (1667, 1686) 7, 215; Vilnius, Treaty of (1494) 43, 45-46 Pen kov-Iaroslavskii, Anastasiia (born Obolenskaia) 180 Pen kov-Iaroslavskii, Ivan Danilovich 180 perception (of the other) see otherness Peresvetov, Ivan 46 Perm 49 Persenowsky, Johann Georgius 229, 231, 233nl0, 234n25 Persia 5, 7, 119, 140-141, 191-193, 196-200, 201n30, 201n31, 201n65, 202n85 Peshkov, Aleksei see Gorkii, Maksim Peter I (Pëtr Alekseevich Romanov), tsar and emperor of Russia 8-9, 47, 81, 83-84, 116, 142, 144, 152-158, 160, 198, 200, 213, 216, 224, 228, 230-231 Petersburg see Saint Petersburg Pëtr Fedorovich, false tsarevich 44 Petru IV Rareş 46 Petrushina Kosa 153, 157 Pielgrzymowski, Eliasz 50 Pierling, Paul 32 Pisbeck, Georg (Visbeck) 173 Pivov, Pëtr 48, 57ո22 Pleyer, Otto Anton 155, 158, 160, 161Ո23, 230 Poland-Lithuania 5, 7, 9, 43-44, 46, 49-55, 81, 99, 115-116, 119-120, 123, 125-126, 128, 142, 184ո60, 189, 191, 193-195, 225, 231; Lithuania, Lithuanian, Lithuanians 6, 27, 29-30, 32-33, 38n6, 44-50, 52-54, 56, 57n22, 65, 67, 86-87, 91, 93n53, 116-119, 121, 124-128, 167-182, 183n27, 185n69, 189, 191-192, 194; Poland, Polish, Poles 3, 6-7, 27, 29-30, 32-33, 36, 44-49, 51, 67, 93, 99, 103, 105, 115-116, 119-121, 123-128, 136, 143, 155, 169-173, 184n47, 184n51, 189, 191, 194, 199-200,
20Խ46, 202n69, 214-215; Polish (language) 34, 36, 67, 83, 104, 115 Polotsk 174, 238 Poltev, Stepan 54 Pommerening, Karl 136-137, 146nl5 Ponoi river 218 posad see suburb Pososhkov, Ivan 142 Possevino, Antonio 29, 34-38, 39n37 Potemkin, Iurii 44-45 Preobrazhenskoe 47 prikaz (department, chancery) 64-65, 241; Aptekarska prikaz 64, 69, 226, 230, 232, 233nl0, 234n25, 241; Chelobitnyi prikaz 87, 241; Inozemska prikaz 63-65, 70, 154, 241; Noigorodskii prikaz 159, 241; Posoľskii prikaz 8, 52, 64, 69, 116-117, 119-121, 123, 126, 128, 135-136, 138-140, 142-143, 145ո6, 146ո17, 147ո21, 174ո24, 154-155, 191, 198, 226, 232, 241; Prikaz Bolshogo prikhoda 191, 241; Prikaz tainykh del 142, 241; Prikaz voennykh del 154-155, 241; Pushkarskii prikaz {Artilleriiskii prikaz) 155, 241; Razriadnii prikaz 46, 50, 241; Reitarskii prikaz 154-155, 241; Sudnyi Moskovska prikaz 65, 67, 241; Zemskii prikaz 64-65, 70, 72, 87-88, 241 prohibition, restriction 6-7, 35, 50, 62-63, 65, 71-72, 76nn72֊73, 76-77n83, 87-88, 101, 104, 115-116, 118, 120-125, 127-128, 188-189, 193, 196-198, 200, 212, 232, 211 property, ownership 49, 62-67, 70, 73, 75n51, 82, 88-90, 103-104, 117, 154, 180, 241-242 Protestantism 2, 4-7, 9, 27, 29, 33—37, 68, 71, 84, 90, 110, 225-226, 228, 230, 232; Calvinism, Reformed 4, 9, 71, 76n70, 90, 196, 201Ո61, 230, 234n23; Lutheranism, Lutherans 4-6, 8-9, 33, 35-36, 66, 71, 84, 87, 90, 196, 201n61, 230,234nn23֊24 Prussia 170, 173, 185n70 Prypiat river 238 Pskov 30-31, 50, 56, 100, 109, 137-141, 147n24, 188, 238 punishment 32, 37-38, 50, 71, 85-86, 88, 931159, 100-101, 104-105, 110, 125, 129,
177 Pylarinos, lakovos 228 Quilon, Alexander 234n25 Rachinskaia, Anna 115, 125, 129n3 Rachinskii, Boris (Balcer) 125, 129n3 Rachinskii, Il ia (Hehasz) 129n3
Index 259 Rachovo 126 Radkersburg 229 rank 14, 32, 34, 44, 47,. 55, 64-67, 69-70, 72, 74n25, 74-75n33, 75n48, 76n70, 87-88, 99, 122, 125, 154, 156-157, 167, 184n49, 193, 196, 227, 229, 240; see also status raskol see schism Rechenberg, Johan 173 recruitment, invitation (of foreigners) 1, 5-9, 45, 47, 52, 54-55, 63, 66, 81-82, 99-100, 102, 106-108, 152, 154, 160, 167, 173, 193, 198, 225, 226-228, 232 Reformed Protestantism see Protestantism refuge see migration Reguzin, lagan see Rekhausen, Johan Georg Reilly, William 148n33 Rekhausen, Johan Georg (lagan Reguzin) 158 religion 4, 9, 27, 30, 33, 63, 71, 82-84, 115-116, 121, 123-124, 127, 154, 171, 181, 228; see also Catholicism; Islam; Judaism; Orthodoxy; Protestantism Rese, Georg Ernst 156, 159 Reval (Tallinn) 137-139, 146nl6, 148-149n41, 232, 234n21, 238 Rhode, Andreas 145n9 Riapolov 180, 184n66 Riga 136, 138, 140, 142, 146nl4, 147nl8, 148n31, 148-149n42, 238 Rimpler, Georg 160 Rodes, Johann de 7, 69, 72, 76n83, 136-137, 146nl6, 146nl7, 147nl8 Romanovich, Alexander (Timofei) 124, 126-129 Romanovich, Mikhail 46 Rome 5, 32, 37, 39n37, 118 Ros, Gensiius 159 Rosenbusch, Heinrich Butenant von 8, 144 Rosnowski, Jacob 183n27 Rostov, Vehkii (the Great) 167,238 Rostovskii, Jakov 118 Ruel, Christian 153, 159-160 Rugodev 158-159 Ruts, Agneta 216 Ruts, Caspar 148n32, 214 Ruts, David 139-141, 145n6, 214-215, 218 Ruts, David Jr. 214 Ruts, Georg 214 Ruts, Isaac 214 Ruts, Maria see Sweeden, Maria van (born Ruts) Ruts, Nicolaes 214, 218 Ruts, Nikolaus 214 Ruts, Susanna Catharina see Swellengrebel, Susanna Catharina Rzhevskii, Elizarii
Leont evich 47 Saburova, Solomonida 178 Sagajlo, Jan 119-120 Saint Petersburg 2, 9, 199, 213, 215, 219, 238 Salmanov, Pavel Ivanovich 107-108 Saltykov, Ivan Nikitich 45, 55 Saltykov, Mikhail Glebovich 44-45, 54 Samara 238 Sanderson, Judith 109 Sanderson, Thomas 99, 105, 107-109 Sapieha, Lew 50 Sarai 201n53 Saratov 238 Sarykhozin, Agish Vasil evich 44, 47-48 Sarykhozin, Umar Vasil evich 44 Savoy 153 Schari von Harsleben, Jacob 102, 112n41 Schelendorf, Ulrich 170 Schimeler, Christian 139 schism, schismatic 35-36, 39n41, 197; Schism of 1056 32; Schism of 1653 (raskol) 197, 200, 241; see also Old Believers Schleinitz, Christopher 168, 170, 172-173, 178, 181, 183n27, 184n51 Schleswig 140 Schmidt, Lorenz 156, 159 Schönberg, Dietrich von 31, 178 Schönberg, Nikolaus von 31 Schuster, Johann Jacob 156 Schwelengrebel, Hartmann see Swellengrebel, Erdman Sclater, Robert 234n25 Scotland, Scotsman 8, 33, 66, 99, 118, 143, 225, 231 Sejm see council Semenovskaia fortress see Mius fortress serfdom, slavery 49-52, 54, 64-69, 71, 74n25, 76n83, 88-90, 156, 225-226, 228 Sergievskii 153 Sermenin, Prokop 53 Serpeisk 45 Serrieur, Nikolaus (Serier) see Terier, Nikolaus
260 Index Settlement, housing 4-6, 9, 27, ЗО, 33, 46, 51-52, 55-56, 62-73, 74-75ոՅՅ, 88-89, 136, 139, 152, 194-196, 198, 211-212, 215-217, 241; see also suburb Severskaia zemlia 49 Sevsk 157 Shakhovskoi, Fëdor 120-123, 125 Shaklovitii, Fëdor 47 Shein, Aleksei Semenovich 156 Shein, Mikhail Borisovich 45, 102, 104-105, 107, 112n49, 112n66 Shelukha, Andrei Bogdanovich 54 Shemiachich, Vasilii Ivanovich 46 Shemiatich, Vasilii 54 Shlakov, Mathias Sigismund (Lev Aleksandrovich Shlakhovskii) 138-139, 147n22 Shuiskii, Ivan Ivanovich 45 Shuiskii, Vasilii 44, 49-50 Siberia 8, 36-37, 68, 84, 120, 157, 159 Sigismund I “the Elder” Jagiellon, king of Poland 32, 168-170, 173, 176-177, 183n27, 184n47 Sigismund II Augustus, grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland 46 Sigismund III Vasa (Zygmunt III Waza), grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland 44, 49-50, 54 Sijpesteyn, Quitina Catharina van 217 Silfverstierna, Johan Månsson 146nl4, 146Ո15 Simeon, Armenian catholicos of Echmiadzin 198 Simeon, metropolitan of Moscow 177 Simeon, metropolitan of Smolensk 117-118, 120, 126 Simeon (brother of Ivan III) 177 Simonson, Jacob 146nl5 Simont, Matteo (Matvei Simontov) 154, 159 Skumin, Fëdor 48 slavery see serfdom Slirer, Joseph 156 Slovenia, Slovenian 227, 231 Smolensk 45, 48-51, 54, 57n24, 71, 74n25, 99-101, 103-105, 107-109, 110n2, 115-129, 129n3, 129nl4, 131Ո25, 173-178, 183n28, 183n32, 184n47, 188, 238; Bol shaia Pokrovskaia street 116 smuta see Time of Troubles Sobchak, Anatolii 42 Sofia Alekseevna, regent 8, 118, 128 Solovetskii monastery 56 Somerskaia district 102, 106 Staden, Heinrich von 6,
74nl8 Staden, Jan van 141 Starhemberg, Ernst Rüdiger 158 Staritskii, Andrei 43, 54 Starodub 56n7, 180, 184n66, 238 status 36, 127, 159, 169, 199; legal 3, 9, 68, 81-82, 85, 111, 134, 144, 155, 178, 188, 194-195, 241; social 7, 9, 34, 43, 46, 48, 55, 69-70, 72-73, 74nl8, 111, 171-172, 180-181, 227, 229 Stettin 107, 215 Stock, Gerhard Ludwig 158 Stockholm 137, 139, 142, 146nl5, 146nl6 Streshnev, Tikhon 157 Styria (Steiermark) 224 suburb (posad, sloboda) 6-8, 56, 62—68, 70, 72, 74֊75ոՅՅ, 75ո40, 89, 109, 116-118, 189, 192-193, 196-197, 201ո30, 226, 229, 239, 241; see also Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) Suceava 46 Sukhona river 238 Suleshov, Iurii lansheevich 106 Suslov, Mikhail 232 Suvorov, Vasilii Ivanovich 160 Suzdal 167, 238 Sviazev, Zakharii 47 Swan, Thomas 140 Sweden, Swedes, Swedish 4, 6-7, 45, 51-52, 55, 69, 72, 99, 101-103, 106-107, 109, ИОпЗ, 135-139, 142-143, 145n8, 146nnl4-16, 148—149n42, 158-159, 210, 214, 232-233 Sweeden, Johan van 142, 215-218 Sweeden, Maria van see Loiken, Maria Sweeden, Maria van (born Ruts) 218 Swellengrebel, Erdman 215, 218 Swellengrebel, Hendrick 215, 218 Swellengrebel, Susanna Catharina (born Rutsƒ 215 Switzerland (Confoederatio elvetica), Swiss 4, 153, 231 synod 120; see also Ferrara and Florence, council of Szimnowiz, Nicolaus 229 Szimnowiz, Ursula (born Voglar) 229, 233 Taganrog 153-155, 157-159, 238 Tatars 6, 8, 27, 33-34, 36-37, 39n36, 67-68, 75n48, 84, 86-87, 90, 155, 157, 167-168, 178-179, 184n61; Tatar (languages) 196
Index 261 Taube, Johann 6 Telepnev-Obolenskii, Ivan Vasiľevich 180 Terier, Nikolaus (Serrieur/Serier) 156, 159 Terniund, Johan 234n25 Terpilowski, Konrad 119-120 Tesovo 102-103, 106,108 Teterin, Timofei 44, 47-48 Teutonic Order (Livonian Order) 43, 169, 173-174, 178, 183ո27 Thill, Jerzy 117 Thurloe, John 145n4 Tichanovskii, Tobiia 229 Tichavský, Tobias 117 Tigranakert (Dikranagerd, Amida) 202n86 Tigraneants, Minas (Minas Vardapet) 198 Time of Troubles (smuta) 6-7, 43-45, 49-50, 54-56, 62, 66, 87, 100, 191, 241-242 Timofeev, Ivan 43 Timkovskii, Vasilii 47 Tirion, Gergort 159 Toropetskii district 51 Toruń 190 Torzhok 99, 103-104, 108-110 Toťma 214, 238 trade 4-5, 7, 27-29, 48, 66, 72, 76ո72, 87, 116, 134, 137-138, 140-141, 143, 145ո6, 188-189, 191-195, 198-200, 206, 209-215, 217-219, 225, 227, 232, 240 translation see language Transylvania 156 Trifonov, Grigorii 51 Trocki district 49 Troitskaia fortress 153, 158 Trosien, Reinhold (Raingold Truzin, Trusin) 159 Trubetskoi, Iurii Nikitich 44-45 Trubetskoi, Iurii Petrovich 51-52, 54-55 Tula 214, 238 Turau 169 Turkish see Ottoman Empire Tushino 44 Tver 50, 99, 102-103, 107, 238 Tyshkevich, Mikhail 53 Ükek (Üvek) 201ո53 Ukraine, Ukrainian 2, 7, 124, 157, 199, 215 Ukraintsev, Emel ian 119-120 Ulianov, Vladimir see Lenin Ulozheme, sobornoe see law Unsinn, Tobias 103 uprising, unrest 2, 7, 49, 51, 143, 182; Moscow uprising of 1648 7, 70, 72, 76n79, 137, 242 Urban, Lorenz 156, 159 Urusov, Eustratius 51 Urusov, Semen 146nl5 Urusov, Vasilii 51 Ustiug, Velikii 214, 238 Vadapet, Minas see Tigraneants, Minas Valdai 102 Vardø 214 Vasil ev,
Iurii 46 Vasil ev, Theodosius 51 Vasilii III Ivanovich, grand prince of Moscow 5, 27, 30, 32, 39n36, 55, 169-181, 183n28, 185n70, 189 Vauban, Sebastien 160 Veide, Johann 159-160 Veiges, Matvei 139 Venice (Venezia) 214 Venice (republic), Venetian 31-32, 154, 190, 200nl9, 216 Verchovskii, Pavel 125-126 Verpoorten, Philips 214 Vetka river 52 Viatka river 213, 238 Viazemskii, Andrei lur evich 46 Vienna (Wien) 118, 136, 155-156, 158, 160, 224, 227-232 Vilna (Vilnius) 45, 47-48, 51, 54, 135, 142, 145n6, 167-168, 173, 190, 238 Vinius, Andrei see Winius, Andries violence see conflict Visbeck, Georg see Pisbeck, Georg Vitebsk see Witebsk Vitotov, Evdokim Iakovlevich 45 Vladimir 184n66, 238 Vladislav II Jagiellon (Ladislas), king of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia 168, 170, 173 Vladislav IV Vasa (Władysław IV Waza), grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland, tsar of Russia 45, 99 Voglar, Alenka 224 Voglar, Gregor see Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius Voglar, Jacoba Sabina Rebeca 229 Voglar, Maria (born Fluher) 229-230, 232 Voglar, Maria Antonia 229 Voglar, Martin 224 Voglar, Ursula see Szimnowiz, Ursula Volga river 157, 179, 184n61, 184n66, 201n53, 238
262 Index Volhynia 49 Vologda 5, 238 Volok Lamskii 177 Volosatii, Ivan 141 Volosheninov, Mikhail lur evich 137 Volpe, Giambattista della (Ivan Friazin) 29, 32, 37 Voronezh 153, 158, 238 Vorontsov, Mikhail 180 Vorotynskii, Dmitrii Fedorovich 46 Vorotynskii, Ivan Mikhailovich 46 Vorotynskii, Semën Fedorovich 46 Voyna, Gabriel 49 Voyna, Matey 49 Voznitsyn, Prokofii Bogdanovich 232 Vytautas, grand duke of Lithuania 167 Vydropuzhsk 99 Vyg river 56 Waldemar, prince of Denmark 135, 139 Wallonia 153 war, warfare 1-7, 9, 29, 33, 44-45, 47, 76n76, 103, 136, 140, 152, 156, 171, 173, 176, 184n51; Great Northern war (1700-1721) 9, 154, 213; Livonian war (1558-1583) 5-6, 29, 33-34, 39, 47, 49—50, 66, 195, 210; Polish-Ottoman wars (1672-1676, 1683-1699) 199; Polish-Russian wars (1561-1570, 1577-1582) 195; Polish-Russian war (1654-1667) 115, 199, 215; Smolensk war (1632-1634) 7, 51, 71, 74n25, 99-100, 102, 104, 214; Thirty Years War (1618-1648) 101-102, 108-109, 11ІПІЗ; see also captives Warsaw (Warszawa) 52, 124, 136, 156, 193-194 Warszycki, Stanislaw 50 Weber, Friedrich Christian 9 Weber, Max 207 Winius, Andries (Andrei Vinius) 143, 158 Witebsk (Vitebsk) 54, 119, 127, 174, 238 Wocstman, Harmen 146nl5 Wulf, Jacob 234n25 Wyborch, Wolfjakob (Vul f Iakovlev) 139 Wyche, Peter 142 Zaberezinski, Jan 168, 173 Zabolotskii, Vladimir 44, 54 Zagorsk monastery 181 Zakharin, Mikhail 46 Zapolski, Ignacy Franciszek 119 Zaporozhia 50 Zavalskoi, Fedor 69-70 Zborowski, Alexander 45 Zelborsk 136 zemskii sobor see council Zierowsky, Johann Christopher 231 Zimin, Alexander 178 Zoppoth, Benedict 232 Zubatov,
Fedor Ivanovich 49 Zvenigorod 102, 238 Zverev, Mikhail 46, 54 Bayertaohe Mönchen
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CONTENTS European Immigration to Muscovy in the Early Modern Era: An Introduction Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller 1 SECTION 1 Immigration, Settlement, and Integration 1 2 3 4 25 From Individual Destinies to an Emergent Community: Latins in Sixteenth-Century Moscow Iulia Nițesat Back in Moscow: Repatriation of Muscovite Emigrants in the Political and Legal Culture of Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Russia Konstantin Erusalimskii Foreigners on Moscow’s Housing Market: Legislation, Practices, and Administrative Handling of Foreign Residence Ownership in the Decades before Its Prohibition in 1652 Simon Dreher Muscovite Ideology and the “Other” in the Town: Articles of the 1649 Law Code and the Impact of Local Initiative Endre Sashalmi 27 42 62 80
vî Contents SECTION 2 Interaction, Conflict, and Cooperation 5 Foreign Mercenaries and the Russian Population, 1631—1634: Conflict and Coexistence Oleg Rusakovskii 6 The Jesuit Mission and the Local Catholic Community in Smolensk: The First Years after the Treaty of Eternal Peace 1686 Kirill Kochegarov 7 Perlustration: The Opening of Foreigners’ Mail in Muscovy Daniel C. Waugh 8 Foreign Engineers, the Conquest of Azov, and the Building of Taganrog Iskra Schwarcz 97 99 115 133 152 SECTION 3 Communication and Perception 9 A Foreigner in Early Sixteenth-Century Muscovy: Duke Mikhail Glinskii at the Muscovite Court Uladzitnir Kananovich 10 Playing Chess with Boris Godunov and Living in a Guesthouse: Attitudes to Armenian Merchants in Early Modern Muscovy Alexandr Osipian 11 Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Family Networks in Dutch Trade with Russia, 1590—1750 Jan Willem Veluwenkamp 12 Halfway between the Kremlin and the Sloboda՛. The Catholic Physician Carbonarius and the Social Networks of Foreign Specialists in Muscovy Sabine Dumschat 165 167 188 206 224
Contents Appendix 1: Maps Appendix 2: Glossary Appendix 3: Acronyms and Abbreviations Notes on the Authors and Editors Index vii 231 240 243 245 250
INDEX This is an index of persons, places and selected relevant terms and concepts. Bibliographical data and historiographical discussions are not included in the noted page numbers. The index ako does not include names of researchers or the places of publication found in the lists of cited works. Abakumov, Sofon 51 Aborn, John 214 Adams, Richard 148n33 Adolph, Thomas 146nl5 Akema, Louis 147n24 Akema, Phihmon 140, 147n24 Albert III, duke of Saxony 168 Aleksei Mikhailovich Romanov, tsar of Russia 8, 47, 51, 72, 76n76, 84, 138, 140, 148, 197 Aleksei Petrovich Romanov, tsarevich 9 Alert, Klaus 67 Alexander I Pavlovich, emperor of Russia 52 Alexander VI, pope 33 Alexander Jagiellon, grand duke of Lithuania 167-169, 172 Alexandria 188, 199 Alkmaar 217 Amida see Tigranakert amnesty see mercy Amsterdam 76n78, 140-141, 147nl8, 148n32, 148n33, 191, 198, 200, 209-218 Andronov, Fëdor Ivanovich 44-45 Angler, Andrei 104 Anna Ioannovna Romanova, empress of Russia 52 Annand, Alexander 109 Antwerp 210 Argutinskii, Iosif 198 Aristotele ofBologna 31 Arkhangel'sk 5, 7, 72, 99, 103, 119, 140-141, 156, 197-198, 200, 209-219, 234n31, 238 Armenian, Armenians 2, 188-200, 201n30, 201Ո53, 201Ո65, 202n69, 202n82, 202n86 Astrakhan' 179, 184n61, 200, 200n2, 201Ո30, 201Ո32, 201n53, 238; Artniaiiskaia sloboda 201; Gilan guesthouse 196; Gostinyi dvor 199 Austria 47, 68, 136, 155, 158, 160, 168, 171, 175, 227 Azov 152-160, 234, 238 Balkans 155 Balmont, Konstantin 42 Balsyrev, Iakov 104 Baltics 5, 9, 30, 99, 106, 183n27, 209-210, 213, 219 baptism 32-36, 126, 209; conversion, rebaptism 3, 29—37, 38n6, 39n25,
39n36, 55, 68, 71, 75n48, 81-82, 84-85, 91, 92֊93n38, 115, 117, 121, 124, 126-128, 129n3, 135, 138, 147n23,
Index 251 168, 171, 178,196,198, 216, 226, 228; unbaptised 82, 84, 91 Baranov, Men'shik 45 Barberini, Raffaello 35, 37 Bartushvich, Stanislav 118 Batory, Stefan 47, 49 Bėgant, Thomas (Bozant) 156, 159 Belevskii, Ivan Vasil'evich 46 Belkens, Zacharaias 214 Below, Johannes 69-70 Belskii, David Ivanovich 43-44, 48-49, 52 Behkii, Dmitrii 54 Belskii, Fëdor Ivanovich 46, 55 Belskii, Ivan Ivanovich 54 Belskii, Semen Ivanovich 45-46, 52-54 Berlin 156 Bernards, Daniel 214 Bernards, Jean 214 Bernons, Jan Danielz 141 Berns, Albert Baltzar 214 Bezobrazov, Ivan 49 Bielke, Gustave 135, 145n8 Bisenegg, Gregorius Carbonarius von see Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius Blaeu, Willem Janszoon 191 Blazhevskaia, Anna 124, 128 Blazhevskii, Roman 124 Bloch, Albert van der 147n24 Blumentrost, Laurentius (the elder) 234n24 Boehen, Paweł 119 Bohemia 138, 168, 170, 173 Bolkhov 51 Bologna 185n69 Bonumbre, Antonio 29 Borgsdorf, Ernst Friedrich von 153, 156-160 Boris Godunov, tsar of Russia 6, 44-45, 50, 191, 193-194, 196, 241 Borovsk 170, 172, 174-175, 177 Bozant, Thomas see Bėgant, Thomas Brain, Thomas (Brayn) 197 Brandenburg-Ansbach, Albert von 178, 184n51, 185n70 Brediman, Thomas 103, 105 Brest 183n27, 238 Brodskii, Joseph 42 Bruin, Cornelius de 202 Buchau, Daniel Printz von 35-36 Buchlingh, Martin Jacobsz 139-140 Buda 169 Buh river 238 Bulgakov, Mikhail Ivanovich 176-177 Bulghar 201 Bülow, Nicolaus (Nikolai Bulev) 176, 180-181, 183n44, 228 Burchert, Franz 234 Bussow, Conrad 6 Buthler, David 216 Buturlin, Boris 116 Buturlin, Efim 54-55 Byzantine Empire 4, 38nl6, 197 Caffa 194, 238 Calvinism see
Protestantism Calvucci, Horatio Wilhelm 135 Cantersten, Lars Bertilsson 146 captives, prisoners of war 1, 5-7, 33-34, 45, 47, 50-51, 66-67, 74n25, 104, 170, 172, 174-178, 184n47, 184n49, 198, 232 Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius (Gregor Voglar) 224, 227-233, 234nn23֊25, 234n28, 234n31, 234n33 Carinthia (Kärnten) 224 Carniolia (Kranjska) 224, 233 Catherine II “the great” (Ekaterina Alekseevna Romanova), empress of Russia 9, 52, 83, 199 Catholicism, Catholic, “Latins” 2, 4, 6—7, 9, 15n6, 27-38, 38nl6, 83, 92-93n38, 115-118, 120-129, 168, 171-172, 184n48, 185n73, 196-197, 201n61, 202n69, 226-231, 234n23, 234n28 Chancellor, Richard 5 Chapman, Reason 65 Charles I, king of England 7, 109, 212 Charles V, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 176 Cherepaha fortress 153 Cherkassk 155 Cherkasskii, Ivan Borisovich 106 China 119-120, 128, 141, 157 Christina, queen of Sweden 137, 146nl5 Chrostovski, JózefJakub 118, 122-123 Church: Armenian {see Armenian); Calvinist, Lutheran {see Protestantism); Catholic {see Catholicism); Orthodox (see Orthodoxy); Uniate 115 church (building), chapel 102, 200nl9, 207; Armenian 196-200, 202n69; Calvinist 196, 201n61; catholic 8, 30, 36, 38nl0, 115-116, 118, 120, 123, 126, 171, 196, 201Ո61, 228; Lutheran 33, 66, 71, 196, 201n61; non-orthodox 7, 88, 196; orthodox 5, 35, 51, 68—69, 71, 73, 87-90, 99, 102, 104, 106, 109, 118, 124, 127, 175, 189, 192-193, 197-198; protestant 6-7, 36, 90, 226, 228; Uniate 115
252 Index clergy 4, 31, 37, 38nl6, 66, 72, 116, 197, 199, 225, 231 Collo, Francesco 183ո44 communication 2, 105, 133-138, 140-144, 145ո5, 146nl7, 146ո22, 181, 199, 215, 225-227, 231-232; see also correspondence community, parish 80, 173; Armenian 194, 196, 200; Calvinist 9; catholic 28-30, 32, 34, 36-37, 124-126, 128-129, 227-229, 231-232; foreign 2, 4, 6, 9, 27-30, 62-63, 68, 73, 104, 106, 109. 144, 206, 213, 225-226, 228-229, 231; Lutheran 9; orthodox 68, 71, 76n83, 80—81, 83-84, 88—90; protestant 6, 34, 226; Tatar 34 competition 62-63, 70, 72-73, 141, 168, 171, 208 conflict, violence 2, 6, 8-9, 63, 72, 74n25, 100-103, 107-110, 169, 194, 199; see also uprising; war Constantinople (Istanbul) 4, 31-32, 38nl6, 189, 194 Contarini, Antonio 29, 31, 38 conversion (religious) see baptism cooperation 107, 197, 208-209, 214, 217 Copenhagen 135, 140 correspondence 32, 43, 47, 120, 128, 133-144, 146nl4, 147n22, 148n31, 148n33, 149n42, 158, 171, 178, 185n73, 209, 218, 225, 228, 233; see also letter council 168, 197, 217; Aulic War Council (Hojkriegsrat) 155-156, 158, 160; duma 43, 122‘ 194-195, 240; Sejm 48, 194; zemskii sobor 242; see ако law councillor, secretary, clerk (d'iak, pod'iachii) 47, 136-137, 143, 146nl4, 146nl6, 168, 170, 172-173, 181, 184n51, 241 council of Ferrara and Florence see Ferrara and Florence, council of Cracow (Kraków) 173 Crawford, Alexander (Krafort) 67, 75n75 Crimea (peninsula), Crimean Tatars 8, 43, 155, 168, 194, 198, 200, 201n32 Cromwell, Oliver 145n4 Czartoryski, Adam 52 Dahm, Hendrik van 106 Dale, Andries de la 140 Dale, Pieter de la 140, 145n6
Danilov, Grigorii 123 Danube (Donau) 238 Danzig (Gdańsk) 136, 140, 173, 189 David, Georg 117 decree (ukaz) see law Dee, Arthur 65 defection, treason 42-56, 85-86, 105, 109, 127, 144, 157, 168-169, 174-178. 180-182, 194 Delden, Johann Becker 135 Denmark 135, 138-139, 160, 173, 176, 183n41 Deulino, Truce of 104 Dickson, Jacob/Johan 146nl5 Digby, Simon 65 Dikranagerd see Tigranakert Dilbashev, Druzhina 108 diplomacy, diplomatic mission, negotiation 1, 4-5, 7-9, 30-32, 34-37, 38n4, 40n50, 43-44, 46-48, 51-53, 66, 69, 72, 81, 100-101, 104, 108, 110, 115-116, 119, 123, 126-128, 134-139, 141-144, 145n9, 155-156, 169, 172-174, 178, 181, 183n27, 184n40, 191-193, 202n85, 225-228, 230-232 Dmitrii, false see Dmitrii Ivanovich Dmitrii Ivanovich 36, 44-45, 49-50, 57, 191 Dmitrovskii, Iurii 54 Dnipro river 51, 238 Dnister river 238 Dolgorukii, Mikhail lur'evich 155 Domanovskii, Ivan 118 Domashnii, Larion 54 Don river 50, 153, 157, 238 Donskoi, Dmitrii 30 Dorn, Ivan 68, 71 Dorpat (Derpt, lur'ev, Tartu) 6, 43, 52, 148, 185n73, 233, 235n37, 238 Dowmont, Jerzy Dominik 118 Dreckhard, Arder 105 Dremiatskii pogost 102 Drzewicki, Matthiew 184n47 duma see council Dünaburg (Daugavpils) 170, 238 Dutch see Netherlands Dvina, Northern river 156, 210, 213, 238 Dvina, Western river 238 Eberschildt, Adolph (Ebers) 137, 142 Echmiadzin 199 Edirne (Adrianople) 190 Egypt 188, 199 Eichler, Christian (the younger) 234n25 Elena Ivanovna, grand duchess of Lithuania 38, 169 Elizabeth I, queen ofEngland 145n4 emigration see migration
Index 253 England, Englishman 3, 5, 36, 65, 67, 72, 76ո72, 83, 99, 103, 109, 139-140, 142, 145, 160, 185ո73, 197, 200, 209-210, 212-214, 225, 232; English (language) 67, 104, ПО, 140 Ernst, Christopher 158 Esai, Armenian catholicos ofGandzasar 198 Essen 216 Estonia 102, 148-149n42 Eugene, prince of Savoy 160 Evdokiia (sister of Vasihi III) 179 Evertson, Grigorii 158 exile see migration Eyber, Ignatius 229, 231, 233-234 Famendin, Arist see Mengden, Ernst von Fedor I Ivanovich, tsar of Russia 47-48, 50, 194 Fedor III Alekseevich Romanov, tsar of Russia 8, 143, 198 Fedorov, Ivan 51 Ferrara and Florence, council of 4, 31-32 Filaret, patriarch of Moscow 38, 50, 87, 90-91 Fihmonatus, Iustus 138 Finland 176 Florence 176 Fluher, Maria see Voglar, Maria Focht, Bengt 145 Fraas, Anders 137, 146nl6 France, French 4, 33, 82, 153; French (language) 104, 153, 160 Friazin, Andrei 30 Friazin, Ivan see Volpe, Giambattista della Friedrich, duke of Saxony 173 Friesland 168 Friso, Willem Karel Hendrik 217 Gaden, Daniel von 8 Gagarin, Semen Nikitich 105, 108 Gandzasar 198 Gardie, Magnus de la 135 Gavrilov, Vasihi 51 Gdov 103 Genghis Khan 179 Gennik, Filimon 234n25 Genoa, Genoese colonies 27, 30 Gensberger, Anton van 139 Gerens, Vybe 153 German (language) 67 “Germans” see nemtsy Germany, German see Holy Roman Empire Gerritsz, Hessel 191 Girai, Islam 43 Girai, Sahib 43 Glinskaia, Anna 179 Glinskaia, Elena 32, 46, 179-181 Glinskii, Ivan 167, 185n72 Glinskii, Lev 167 Glinšku, Mikhail Lvovich 32, 167-182, 183n33, 183n40, 184nn47-48, 184n51, 184n60, 185nn69-70, 185n73 Glinskii, Vasilii (Vasiľ) 167,
185n72 Golovin, Ivan 124-129 Golovin, Mikhail Ivanovich 44, 48-49 Golowiński, Jo. 183 Golitsyn, Vasihi Vasiľevich 8, 52, 116, 118, 128, 198 Goosen, Jan 141 Goossens, Georg 232 Gordon, Patrick 8, 143, 153, 156, 231, 234 Gorkii, Maksim (Aleksei Peshkov) 42 Görtsen, Aernout 140 gostinyi dvor see guesthouse Grab, Georg 68 Gramann, Hartmann 140, 148n31 Graz 224 Gregori, Gottfried 8, 234 Grelle, Laurentius 138-139 Grigor'ev, Ivan 44, 49, 122 Grishka (pretender) see Dmitrii Ivanovich Grodno (Hrodna) 168, 238 Grundel-Helmfeldt, Simon 149 Gruneweg, Martin 189-191, 193—197, 199 Guarient und Rall, Ignaz Christoph von 230-232 guesthouse (gostinyi dvor) 189-199, 201nn30-31, 239, 240; see also Astrakhan'; Moscow Gustav Adolf, king of Sweden 99, 106 Haack, Samuel 156 Haarlem 217 Haax, Hendrick (the younger) 215 Haax, Hendrik (the elder) 215 Hague, the 141 Hamburg 135, 140, 147nl8, 214-215 Hamilton, Anna 109 Hamilton, David 109 Hannibal, Peter see Malii, Petrok Hanover 9 Hastfer, Jacob Johann 148-149n42 Herberstein, Sigismund von 5, 29, 32-33, 37, 38-39n22, 168-171, 175-178, 183n40, 183n41, 189, 231 Hof, Johann 156 Hohenzollern, Albrecht von 43
254 Index Holland see Netherlands Holstein?, 102, 139-140, 148ո31, 201ո65 Holtzmann, David Heinrich 156, 159 Holy Roman Empire, Germans 5, 48, 56, 99, 102-105, 107, 159-160, 168, 170, 173, 175, 178, 180-181, 189, 193-195, 209, 213, 216, 225 Horn, Bengt 148—149ո42 housing see settlement Huebert, Samuel Charles ď 107 Hulst, Jacob van der 140 Hulst (town) 141 Huyssen, Heinrich 9, 153 Iakovlev, Mikhailo 198 lanov, Vasilii Osipovich 45 Jaroslavl' 238 Jartsov, Naum 53—54 Jartsov, Protas 53-54 lauza river 67, 75, 87, 239 Ulmer, Friedrich 232 Ilovle 157 immigration see migration India 148n31, 191-193, 200 Ingermanland 233 Ingria 235 integration, incorporation 1, 3, 6-7, 28, 30, 32-33, 35, 37, 39n36, 43, 52, 55, 73, 167, 171, 180-181, 192, 226 loakim, patriarch of Moscow 8, 116, 118, 120 lokan'ga river 218 Irina Mikhailovna Romanova, tsarevitsa 135 Isfahan 198 Isidore, metropolitan of Kyiv 31, 37-38 Islam, Muslims 2, 27, 81, 84, 86, 92n38, 188, 190, 192, 199, 200n2, 200nl9, 228 Iso, lagan see Hof, Johann isolation, separation 1, 4, 9, 27-30, 33-34, 37, 42, 44, 47, 68, 80-81, 85, 90, 92n37, 103, 106, 115, 171-172, 181, 193, 195, 215, 226 Italy 36, 140, 160, 175-176, 183n40, 224 lur'ev, Mikita 51 lur'evets 180, 184n66 Ivan III, “the Great” Vasil'evich, grand prince of Moscow 4-5, 28-33, 38, 46, 50, 55, 169, 189 Ivan IV, “the Terrible” Vasil'evich, grand prince of Moscow, tsar of Russia 5-6, 28, 33-35, 43-44, 46, 49-50, 64, 74nl8, 184n61, 188-189, 210, 241 Ivan V Alekseevich Romanov, tsar of Russia 47, 116, 228 Ivan Dmitrievich, false tsarevich 44 Ivangorod 176, 238 Ivanov, Almaz 136,
146nl6 Ivanov, Fëdor (Fed'ka) 105 Ivanovo 184n66 Jacques, Thomas 139, 148n33 Jakonowicz, Michal 117-124, 128, 130 Jan III Sobieski, king of Poland 127 Jani the Greek 190 Jarocki, Stanislas 184n47 Jever, Elizabeth van (born Metier) 216-217 Jever, Hendrik van 216-218 Jever, Volkert van 216-217 Joachim, patriarch of Alexandria 188 Johann V, bishop of Dorpat 185n73 Judaism, Jews, Jewish 2, 6, 8-9, 67, 108, 188, 197, 202n69, 226 Julfan 197-200 Kadino (Kadzyń) 117-119, 126 Kahon, Franz 156, 158-159 Kaluga 177, 238 Kama river 238 Kamyshinka 157 Karachev 51 Karpovich, Fëdor 116 Karstens, Christoph Wilhelm 234n25 Kasimir Jagiellon, grand prince of Lituania, king of Poland 167 Kazan' 32, 34, 39n36, 84, 120, 179, 184n61, 188, 192, 200n2, 201n53, 238 Khitrovo, Bogdan 72 Khmelnitskii, Bohdan 199 Khodkevich, leronim Aleksandrovich 54 Kholmogory 72, 214, 238 Kiesewetter, Gustav 156 Kilburger, Johann 143 Klagenfurt (Celovec) 224 Klenek, Koenraad van (Koenraed) 191, 217-218 Kletsk 168, 182 Kliazma river 184 Kmita, Filon 54 Kober, Ehas 156 Koch, Anton 156, 158-159 Koch, Christoff 149 Kola Peninsula 218 Königsberg 170, 185 Konstantynowicz, Augustyn 116, 119 Korb, Johann Georg 8, 153, 157, 231—232 Kotoshikhin, Grigorii Karpovich 52
Index 255 198; Sobomoe Ulozhenie (Law Code of 1649) 7, 51, 65, 72-73, 74n24, 80-88, 90-91, 242 Leeuw, David 209, 218 Le Fort, François (Franz, Francis LeFort) 8, 153, 231 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 9 Lenin (Vladimir Ulianov) 42 Leopold I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 155, 158, 160, 228, 230-233 Leslie, Alexander 66, 99-110 letter 30, 38nl0, 40n50, 43-44, 47-49, 53, 85, 103, 107, 115-128, ІЗОпЗІ, 134-144, 145n4, 145n6, 145n9, 146ППІ5-17, 147nl8, 147nn21-22, 147n24, 148nn31-33, 148-149n42, 149n42, 149n46, 155, 158, 171, 173, 175, 178, 184n47, 202n86, 229, 232; of grant (zhalovannaia gramota) 63, 67, 69, 70, 89, 198; of passage 48; of recommendation 228 Liapunov, Prokopii 45 Liatskii, Ivan 45-47 Lilienthal, Johan van 142 Lippolt, Herman 170 Lithuania see Poland-Lithuania Liutik (Sed-Islam, fortress) 153 Livonia 5-6, 34, 39n41, 135, 138, 146nl6; 170, 195, 210 Livonian Order see Teutonic Order Livorno 140 Lobovskii, Ivan 118 Löfken, Herman 216-218 Lóikén, Maria (born van Sweeden) Ladziński, Józef 123, 126-127, 129 216-218 language 9, 101, 104, llOnl, 181, 193, Lomonosov, Mikhail Vasil'evich 52 229, 230-231; interpretation, interpreter London 65, 140, 143 36, 104-105, 196; translation, translator Lorenz, Heinrich 156, 159 34, 36, 39n41, 40n50, 64, 104-105, Lubeck 76n72, 136, 180 112n37, 135, 137-143, 145n6, 146nl5, Luga 102 147nn21-22, 147n24, 148n31,148n35, Luki, Velikie 51, 238 158, 160, 196, 229, 232 Lups, Anna see Meijer, Anna Latin (language) 115, 168, 171, 231 Lups, Jan 216 “Latins” see Catholicism Lups, Jan (the younger) 217-218 Laval, Antoine de 153, 156-157, 159-160
Lutheranism see Protestantism law, legal 1-4, 9, 46-47, 50-51, 56, Lutsk 49 Lviv 189-190, 194, 196, 238 62-65, 72, 80-84, 86, 93n59, 100-101, 103-105, 109, 123-124, 137, 152-154, Macarios, patriarch of Antioch 198 169, 188, 190, 195-196, 198-199, mail see letter 209, 219, 241; decree {ukaz) 9, 50-52, Malbork (Marienburg) 183 63-65, 68-73, 74n20, 74n33, 76n72, Maloiaroslavets 170, 172, 177 76-77n83, 81-82, 85, 87-91, 121-122, Malii, Petrok (Hannibal, Peter) 43 124, 126-127, 129, 234n33, 241; illegal, Mamay, emir 167, 179 semi-legal 76n83, 128-129, 137, 195, Kotov, Fedot 201ո32 Kotov, Ivan 99, 103-104, 107 Kozel'sk 238 Kovrov 184 Kozlov, Iakov 146nl6 Kozunov, Bykov Bogdanovich 54 Kozunov, Ivan Bogdanovich 54 Kraevskii, Nazarij 119, 126 Krage, Casimir (Kazimir) 156, 158-159 Krainburg (Kranj) 224, 233 Krasnoe Selo 109 Krasovitskii, Aleksander 117 Kremlin see Moscow Krichev 53-54 Krizhenin, Semen Andreevich 49 Kruse, Elert 6 Krusebjörn, Peter 136-137, 139 Kudaikul, Evdokiia Ivanovna 39n36, 179 Kudaikul (Peter Ibrahimovich), khan of Kazan' 39n36, 178-179, 184n49 Kuhar, Peter 227 Kupkeev, Murza 44, 48 Kurbskii, Andrei Dmitrievich 51 Kurbskii, Andrei Mikhailovich 43-45, 47, 53, 55 Kurbskii, Dmitrii-Mikolai 57 Kurländer, Hans 105 Kurtz, Johann Ignatius 231-234 Kvashnin „Zolotoi“, Ivan Grigor'evich 44, 48-49, 55, 57n24 Kyiv 7, 31, 37, 116, 190, 194-197, 202n69, 238 Kyivan Rus' 1-2, 27-28
256 Index Mamluk Sultanate 193 Mamonich, Martin 190 Mandelso, Johan Albrecht de 148n31 Manuelo (Manoila) 190, 194 Marienburg see Malbork Marquardt, Theophile 170, 178, 181, 185n70 marriage 4, 32-35, 38n6, 39n36, 52, 109, 135, 138-139, 169-170, 179-180, 196, 198, 209, 214-219, 229 Marselis, Gabriel 214 Marselis, Leonhardt 142-143, 147n24 Marselis, Peter 135, 139, 142 Martinov, Ivan 117, 121-122 Mas, Carlus 158 Matveev, Artamon 7-8 Maximilian I, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 5, 32, 168, 171, 173-178 Mayerberg, Augustin von 135-136, 145-146nl0 Medyn 170 Meier, Konrad (Kondratei Meer) 159 Meijer, Anna (born Lups) 216-217 Meijer, Elizabeth see Jever, Elizabeth van Meijer, Herman 216-217 Meijer, Katharina (born Lorken) 216 Meijer, Rudolf 216 Mengden, Ernst von (Arist Famendin) 68 Menk, Frol (Ottomenk) 125-126 Menzies, Paul (Menesius) 118, 231, 234n28 mercy 32, 45-49, 51-52, 54-56, 169 Mezetskii, Mikhail Romanovich 46 Miehin, Ivan 117, 122 migration 212; emigration 42-47, 50-53, 55, 56n2, 170, 175, 179; exile 8, 42, 197; immigration 1-9, 52, 62-64, 66, 74n25, 84-85, 137, 152, 226, 240-241; internal migration 50; refuge 29, 42, 50, 54, 170, 177, 181; return 3, 6, 31-32, 105, 154, 157-159, 168, 173, 226, 228, 233; return to Muscovy 43-46, 49-56, 233 Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov, tsar of Russia 6, 44-45, 50, 87-88, 91, 99, 109, 135, 138, 140, 241 Mikhailov, Boris 124 Minsk 238 Mitrovich, Kuz'ma 146nl5 Mius (Semenovskaia), fortress 153, 157 Miusskii Peninsula 153 Mniszek, Jerzy 49 Molin, Karp de see Moulin, Karel Janszoon du Mongols, Golden Horde 167, 179, 184n61, 201Ո53 Monson,
Danilko 146nl6 Mörner, Carl 146nl4 Morozov, Boris Ivanovich 72 Morozovichi 51 Mortenson, Lars 146nl5 Mosalski, Stanislaw 51 Moscow (Moskva) 1, 5-8, 27-37, 38nl6, 45, 47-49, 52-54, 56, 62-73, 74n20, 74n25, 74n31, 75n35, 75n37, 75n40, 75n51, 76-77n83, 77n88, 81-82, 87-91, 100-109, 112n37, 115-120, 122, 125, 128, ІЗОпЗІ, 135-144, 145n9, 145֊146nl0, 146nnl4-15, 146nl7, 147n22, 147n24, 148nn31֊32, 148-149n42, 155, 157-158, 161n23, 171-172, 176-178, 181, 183n40, 183n44, 188-199, 201n61, 202n85, 211-212, 214-216, 225-233, 238, 239; Arbat (gates) 104, 239; Armianskaia (road) 191; Astrakhanskii dvor 192; Belyi gorod (Tsargorod) 68-70, 88-90, 191, 239, 240, 242; Chertol'skie (gates) 239; Davydovskii dvor 191; Dmitrovskie (gates) 239; Gostinyi dvor 189-191, 193; Iľinka (street) 191, 239; Il'inskie (gates) 65, 68, 239; Kitai gorod 43, 45, 65, 67, 88-89, 191, 239, 240; Kremlin (kreml') 5, 34, 44-45, 52, 135, 137, 143, 168, 170-171, 183n40, 193-195, 215, 224-225, 229, 231, 239, 240; Krymskii dvor 192; Nogaiskii dvor 192, 210, 213; Panskii (Posol'skiî) dvor 189, 192—193; Pokrovka (street) 71, 191, 239; Pokrovskie (gates) 68, 239; Semenovskaia sloboda 75ո40; Ustretenskaia (street) 68, 75, 239; Zamoskvorech’e (Streletskaia sloboda) 239, 242; Za Zemlianym gorodom (Slobodka) 239, 242; Zemlianoi gorod 88, 229, 239, 240, 242; see also Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) Moscow, State of see Muscovy Moskalevka (Moskali) 43, 55 Moskva, Fëdor 56 Moskva river 75n37, 192, 242 Moskvin, Anikei 56 Moskvin, Kozma 56 Moskvitin, Averky 56 Moskvitin, Ivan 56 Moucheron, Cosmo de 214 Moucheron, Maria de 214 Moulin,
Karel Janszoon du (Karl Mollin, Karp de Molin, Karp Demulin) 71, 76n70, 139, 214 Mozhaisk 51, 238 Mozhaiskii, Semen Ivanovich 46 Mrochkovskii, Mikołaj 122 Msta river 51
Index Mstislavľ 116, 118 Mstislavskii, Fëdor 55 Musin-Pushkin, Ivan 117—118, 124, 129ռ14 Muscovy (Moscow, State of) 1-7, 9, 27-30, 32-38, 38n4, 38n6, 39nn36-37, 39n41, 43-48, 50-56, 62-68, 72, 80-85, 87-88, 92֊93n38, 103, 117, 119, 121-122, 124-126, 128, 134-135, 138-140, 142-144, 145-146nl0, 148n35, 152-154, 160, 167-173, 175-182, 184nn60-61, 185n69, 188-189, 192-197, 199-200, 214, 224-228, 231-233, 238 257 146nl5, 146П17, 148-149n42, 159, 188, 197, 228, 238 Novodvinsk fortress 156 Nyen 137, 146 Obolenskaja, Anastasija see Pen'kov-Iaroslavskii, Anastasija Obolenskaja, Elena see Ghnskaia, Elena Obolenskij, Iurii 180 Obolenskij, Mikhail 180 Ogilvy, Georg Benedict 153 Ogiński, Marcjan 116-118, 120, 122-123, 127, 129 Oka river 216, 238 Okhta 215 Nagel, Johann 232 Old Believers 51-52, 56, 197-198, 200; Nagim, Andrei 56n7 see ако schism Nakhs (Naklo) 224 Oldeland, Hans 135-136, 145n9 Naropiński, Stanislas 170-171 Olearius, Adam 7, 69, 71, 74n51, Narva 137-139, 142, 148-149n42, 210, 74-75n57, 75n70, 75-76n83, 87, 90, 232, 238 102, 140, 148n31, 201n61, 62n78 Narva river 176 Onega river 238 Nashchokin, Grigoril 51 oprichnina, oprichniki 6, 55—56, 241 Nefimonov, Koz'ma Nikitich 155 Ordin-Nashchokin, Afanasii Lavrent'evich Negrebecki, Paweł 144 (Athanasius) 47, 143 Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) 6, 66-67, Ordin-Nashchokin, Voin 52, 55 109, 196, 239, 241; Novo-Nemetskaia Orel' 51, 238 (Novo-Inozemskaia) sloboda 7-8, 56, 62, Orel' (warship) 216 65, 72, 74-75n33, 229, 239, 241 Orlov, Grigorii 44-45 nemtsy (“Germans”) 36, 70, 71, 75n48, Orsha 117-118, 122-123, 128, 175, 76n70, 84-86, 88-91,
93n62, 99, 177, 238 103-104, 106-108, llOnl, 112n41, Orthodoxy (Christian), orthodox 1, 4, 7, 180, 197, 240 31-33, 37-38, 38n2, 38n6, 38nl6, 64, Netherlands, Dutch, Dutchmen 3, 67, 76, 72, 81, 84, 109, 118, 120, 124, 197, 199, 99, 103, 119, 141, 145n6, 158, 160, 162, 226, 232, 241 168, 191, 200, 202n82, 206-219 Osborne, John 140, 148n33 Neugebauer, Martin 9 Os'mino 102 Neva river 146nl4, 213 Ostafevichi, Putilo 54 Newjulfa, Isfahan 197-198 Ostoja, Joseph 156 Nikon, patriarch of Moscow 72, 81, 87, Ostrozki, Kostiantin 172 197, 215, 241 otherness, attitudes towards others 2—4, Nikonovskii 153 7-8, 15n6, 28-31, 33, 35, 37, 53, 62, Nisin, Davyd van der 75n48 65, 68, 71, 80-91, 92n37, 92-93n38, Nisin, Katerina van der 68, 71, 75n48 104, 108, 169, 196-197, 226, 229, 240 Nisin, Phihpp van der 75n48 Otrep'ev, Grishka see Dmitri։ Ivanovich Nizhnie Sadovinki 191 Ottoman Empire, Ottomans, Turks 4, 34, 81, 155, 157, 189-190, 192-194, Nizhnii Novgorod see Novgorod, Nizhnii Nizhyn 199, 238 199-200, 202n86, 228; Ottoman Nogai 155, 192 (language) 196 Ovdin, Mikhail 53 Norby, Sören 176 Northern Dvina river see Dvina, Northern Norway 214 Pakhra river 215-216 Paleolog, Sofia (Palaiologina, Zoe) 4, 31 Novgorod, Nizhnii 214, 238 Palitsyn, Avraamii 43 Novgorod, Velikii (the Great) 4-5, 29-30, Pallavicini, Opisto 116 33, 37, 38n2, 38nl0, 45-46, 50-51, pardon see mercy 69, 100, 102-109, 112, 137, 141-142,
258 Index Pashkov, Karpo 51 Patkul, Johann von 153 Pavlovskaia fortress 153, 157 peace, treaty 50, 139, 141, 155, 160, 169; Andrusovo, Treaty of (1667) 115, 142; Eternal Peace, Treaty of (1686) 115-116, 120-123, 127; Habsburg-Muscovite Treaty (1514) 174-175; Nystad, Peace of (1721) 9; Pohsh-Lithuanian-Muscovite Treaties (1667, 1686) 7, 215; Vilnius, Treaty of (1494) 43, 45-46 Pen'kov-Iaroslavskii, Anastasiia (born Obolenskaia) 180 Pen'kov-Iaroslavskii, Ivan Danilovich 180 perception (of the other) see otherness Peresvetov, Ivan 46 Perm' 49 Persenowsky, Johann Georgius 229, 231, 233nl0, 234n25 Persia 5, 7, 119, 140-141, 191-193, 196-200, 201n30, 201n31, 201n65, 202n85 Peshkov, Aleksei see Gorkii, Maksim Peter I (Pëtr Alekseevich Romanov), tsar and emperor of Russia 8-9, 47, 81, 83-84, 116, 142, 144, 152-158, 160, 198, 200, 213, 216, 224, 228, 230-231 Petersburg see Saint Petersburg Pëtr Fedorovich, false tsarevich 44 Petru IV Rareş 46 Petrushina Kosa 153, 157 Pielgrzymowski, Eliasz 50 Pierling, Paul 32 Pisbeck, Georg (Visbeck) 173 Pivov, Pëtr 48, 57ո22 Pleyer, Otto Anton 155, 158, 160, 161Ո23, 230 Poland-Lithuania 5, 7, 9, 43-44, 46, 49-55, 81, 99, 115-116, 119-120, 123, 125-126, 128, 142, 184ո60, 189, 191, 193-195, 225, 231; Lithuania, Lithuanian, Lithuanians 6, 27, 29-30, 32-33, 38n6, 44-50, 52-54, 56, 57n22, 65, 67, 86-87, 91, 93n53, 116-119, 121, 124-128, 167-182, 183n27, 185n69, 189, 191-192, 194; Poland, Polish, Poles 3, 6-7, 27, 29-30, 32-33, 36, 44-49, 51, 67, 93, 99, 103, 105, 115-116, 119-121, 123-128, 136, 143, 155, 169-173, 184n47, 184n51, 189, 191, 194, 199-200,
20Խ46, 202n69, 214-215; Polish (language) 34, 36, 67, 83, 104, 115 Polotsk 174, 238 Poltev, Stepan 54 Pommerening, Karl 136-137, 146nl5 Ponoi river 218 posad see suburb Pososhkov, Ivan 142 Possevino, Antonio 29, 34-38, 39n37 Potemkin, Iurii 44-45 Preobrazhenskoe 47 prikaz (department, chancery) 64-65, 241; Aptekarska prikaz 64, 69, 226, 230, 232, 233nl0, 234n25, 241; Chelobitnyi prikaz 87, 241; Inozemska prikaz 63-65, 70, 154, 241; Noigorodskii prikaz 159, 241; Posoľskii prikaz 8, 52, 64, 69, 116-117, 119-121, 123, 126, 128, 135-136, 138-140, 142-143, 145ո6, 146ո17, 147ո21, 174ո24, 154-155, 191, 198, 226, 232, 241; Prikaz Bolshogo prikhoda 191, 241; Prikaz tainykh del 142, 241; Prikaz voennykh del 154-155, 241; Pushkarskii prikaz {Artilleriiskii prikaz) 155, 241; Razriadnii prikaz 46, 50, 241; Reitarskii prikaz 154-155, 241; Sudnyi Moskovska prikaz 65, 67, 241; Zemskii prikaz 64-65, 70, 72, 87-88, 241 prohibition, restriction 6-7, 35, 50, 62-63, 65, 71-72, 76nn72֊73, 76-77n83, 87-88, 101, 104, 115-116, 118, 120-125, 127-128, 188-189, 193, 196-198, 200, 212, 232, 211 property, ownership 49, 62-67, 70, 73, 75n51, 82, 88-90, 103-104, 117, 154, 180, 241-242 Protestantism 2, 4-7, 9, 27, 29, 33—37, 68, 71, 84, 90, 110, 225-226, 228, 230, 232; Calvinism, Reformed 4, 9, 71, 76n70, 90, 196, 201Ո61, 230, 234n23; Lutheranism, Lutherans 4-6, 8-9, 33, 35-36, 66, 71, 84, 87, 90, 196, 201n61, 230,234nn23֊24 Prussia 170, 173, 185n70 Prypiat river 238 Pskov 30-31, 50, 56, 100, 109, 137-141, 147n24, 188, 238 punishment 32, 37-38, 50, 71, 85-86, 88, 931159, 100-101, 104-105, 110, 125, 129,
177 Pylarinos, lakovos 228 Quilon, Alexander 234n25 Rachinskaia, Anna 115, 125, 129n3 Rachinskii, Boris (Balcer) 125, 129n3 Rachinskii, Il'ia (Hehasz) 129n3
Index 259 Rachovo 126 Radkersburg 229 rank 14, 32, 34, 44, 47,. 55, 64-67, 69-70, 72, 74n25, 74-75n33, 75n48, 76n70, 87-88, 99, 122, 125, 154, 156-157, 167, 184n49, 193, 196, 227, 229, 240; see also status raskol see schism Rechenberg, Johan 173 recruitment, invitation (of foreigners) 1, 5-9, 45, 47, 52, 54-55, 63, 66, 81-82, 99-100, 102, 106-108, 152, 154, 160, 167, 173, 193, 198, 225, 226-228, 232 Reformed Protestantism see Protestantism refuge see migration Reguzin, lagan see Rekhausen, Johan Georg Reilly, William 148n33 Rekhausen, Johan Georg (lagan Reguzin) 158 religion 4, 9, 27, 30, 33, 63, 71, 82-84, 115-116, 121, 123-124, 127, 154, 171, 181, 228; see also Catholicism; Islam; Judaism; Orthodoxy; Protestantism Rese, Georg Ernst 156, 159 Reval (Tallinn) 137-139, 146nl6, 148-149n41, 232, 234n21, 238 Rhode, Andreas 145n9 Riapolov 180, 184n66 Riga 136, 138, 140, 142, 146nl4, 147nl8, 148n31, 148-149n42, 238 Rimpler, Georg 160 Rodes, Johann de 7, 69, 72, 76n83, 136-137, 146nl6, 146nl7, 147nl8 Romanovich, Alexander (Timofei) 124, 126-129 Romanovich, Mikhail 46 Rome 5, 32, 37, 39n37, 118 Ros, Gensiius 159 Rosenbusch, Heinrich Butenant von 8, 144 Rosnowski, Jacob 183n27 Rostov, Vehkii (the Great) 167,238 Rostovskii, Jakov 118 Ruel, Christian 153, 159-160 Rugodev 158-159 Ruts, Agneta 216 Ruts, Caspar 148n32, 214 Ruts, David 139-141, 145n6, 214-215, 218 Ruts, David Jr. 214 Ruts, Georg 214 Ruts, Isaac 214 Ruts, Maria see Sweeden, Maria van (born Ruts) Ruts, Nicolaes 214, 218 Ruts, Nikolaus 214 Ruts, Susanna Catharina see Swellengrebel, Susanna Catharina Rzhevskii, Elizarii
Leont'evich 47 Saburova, Solomonida 178 Sagajlo, Jan 119-120 Saint Petersburg 2, 9, 199, 213, 215, 219, 238 Salmanov, Pavel Ivanovich 107-108 Saltykov, Ivan Nikitich 45, 55 Saltykov, Mikhail Glebovich 44-45, 54 Samara 238 Sanderson, Judith 109 Sanderson, Thomas 99, 105, 107-109 Sapieha, Lew 50 Sarai 201n53 Saratov 238 Sarykhozin, Agish Vasil'evich 44, 47-48 Sarykhozin, Umar Vasil'evich 44 Savoy 153 Schari von Harsleben, Jacob 102, 112n41 Schelendorf, Ulrich 170 Schimeler, Christian 139 schism, schismatic 35-36, 39n41, 197; Schism of 1056 32; Schism of 1653 (raskol) 197, 200, 241; see also Old Believers Schleinitz, Christopher 168, 170, 172-173, 178, 181, 183n27, 184n51 Schleswig 140 Schmidt, Lorenz 156, 159 Schönberg, Dietrich von 31, 178 Schönberg, Nikolaus von 31 Schuster, Johann Jacob 156 Schwelengrebel, Hartmann see Swellengrebel, Erdman Sclater, Robert 234n25 Scotland, Scotsman 8, 33, 66, 99, 118, 143, 225, 231 Sejm see council Semenovskaia fortress see Mius fortress serfdom, slavery 49-52, 54, 64-69, 71, 74n25, 76n83, 88-90, 156, 225-226, 228 Sergievskii 153 Sermenin, Prokop 53 Serpeisk 45 Serrieur, Nikolaus (Serier) see Terier, Nikolaus
260 Index Settlement, housing 4-6, 9, 27, ЗО, 33, 46, 51-52, 55-56, 62-73, 74-75ոՅՅ, 88-89, 136, 139, 152, 194-196, 198, 211-212, 215-217, 241; see also suburb Severskaia zemlia 49 Sevsk 157 Shakhovskoi, Fëdor 120-123, 125 Shaklovitii, Fëdor 47 Shein, Aleksei Semenovich 156 Shein, Mikhail Borisovich 45, 102, 104-105, 107, 112n49, 112n66 Shelukha, Andrei Bogdanovich 54 Shemiachich, Vasilii Ivanovich 46 Shemiatich, Vasilii 54 Shlakov, Mathias Sigismund (Lev Aleksandrovich Shlakhovskii) 138-139, 147n22 Shuiskii, Ivan Ivanovich 45 Shuiskii, Vasilii 44, 49-50 Siberia 8, 36-37, 68, 84, 120, 157, 159 Sigismund I “the Elder” Jagiellon, king of Poland 32, 168-170, 173, 176-177, 183n27, 184n47 Sigismund II Augustus, grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland 46 Sigismund III Vasa (Zygmunt III Waza), grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland 44, 49-50, 54 Sijpesteyn, Quitina Catharina van 217 Silfverstierna, Johan Månsson 146nl4, 146Ո15 Simeon, Armenian catholicos of Echmiadzin 198 Simeon, metropolitan of Moscow 177 Simeon, metropolitan of Smolensk 117-118, 120, 126 Simeon (brother of Ivan III) 177 Simonson, Jacob 146nl5 Simont, Matteo (Matvei Simontov) 154, 159 Skumin, Fëdor 48 slavery see serfdom Slirer, Joseph 156 Slovenia, Slovenian 227, 231 Smolensk 45, 48-51, 54, 57n24, 71, 74n25, 99-101, 103-105, 107-109, 110n2, 115-129, 129n3, 129nl4, 131Ո25, 173-178, 183n28, 183n32, 184n47, 188, 238; Bol'shaia Pokrovskaia street 116 smuta see Time of Troubles Sobchak, Anatolii 42 Sofia Alekseevna, regent 8, 118, 128 Solovetskii monastery 56 Somerskaia district 102, 106 Staden, Heinrich von 6,
74nl8 Staden, Jan van 141 Starhemberg, Ernst Rüdiger 158 Staritskii, Andrei 43, 54 Starodub 56n7, 180, 184n66, 238 status 36, 127, 159, 169, 199; legal 3, 9, 68, 81-82, 85, 111, 134, 144, 155, 178, 188, 194-195, 241; social 7, 9, 34, 43, 46, 48, 55, 69-70, 72-73, 74nl8, 111, 171-172, 180-181, 227, 229 Stettin 107, 215 Stock, Gerhard Ludwig 158 Stockholm 137, 139, 142, 146nl5, 146nl6 Streshnev, Tikhon 157 Styria (Steiermark) 224 suburb (posad, sloboda) 6-8, 56, 62—68, 70, 72, 74֊75ոՅՅ, 75ո40, 89, 109, 116-118, 189, 192-193, 196-197, 201ո30, 226, 229, 239, 241; see also Nemetskaia sloboda (Moscow) Suceava 46 Sukhona river 238 Suleshov, Iurii lansheevich 106 Suslov, Mikhail 232 Suvorov, Vasilii Ivanovich 160 Suzdal' 167, 238 Sviazev, Zakharii 47 Swan, Thomas 140 Sweden, Swedes, Swedish 4, 6-7, 45, 51-52, 55, 69, 72, 99, 101-103, 106-107, 109, ИОпЗ, 135-139, 142-143, 145n8, 146nnl4-16, 148—149n42, 158-159, 210, 214, 232-233 Sweeden, Johan van 142, 215-218 Sweeden, Maria van see Loiken, Maria Sweeden, Maria van (born Ruts) 218 Swellengrebel, Erdman 215, 218 Swellengrebel, Hendrick 215, 218 Swellengrebel, Susanna Catharina (born Rutsƒ 215 Switzerland (Confoederatio elvetica), Swiss 4, 153, 231 synod 120; see also Ferrara and Florence, council of Szimnowiz, Nicolaus 229 Szimnowiz, Ursula (born Voglar) 229, 233 Taganrog 153-155, 157-159, 238 Tatars 6, 8, 27, 33-34, 36-37, 39n36, 67-68, 75n48, 84, 86-87, 90, 155, 157, 167-168, 178-179, 184n61; Tatar (languages) 196
Index 261 Taube, Johann 6 Telepnev-Obolenskii, Ivan Vasiľevich 180 Terier, Nikolaus (Serrieur/Serier) 156, 159 Terniund, Johan 234n25 Terpilowski, Konrad 119-120 Tesovo 102-103, 106,108 Teterin, Timofei 44, 47-48 Teutonic Order (Livonian Order) 43, 169, 173-174, 178, 183ո27 Thill, Jerzy 117 Thurloe, John 145n4 Tichanovskii, Tobiia 229 Tichavský, Tobias 117 Tigranakert (Dikranagerd, Amida) 202n86 Tigraneants, Minas (Minas Vardapet) 198 Time of Troubles (smuta) 6-7, 43-45, 49-50, 54-56, 62, 66, 87, 100, 191, 241-242 Timofeev, Ivan 43 Timkovskii, Vasilii 47 Tirion, Gergort 159 Toropetskii district 51 Toruń 190 Torzhok 99, 103-104, 108-110 Toťma 214, 238 trade 4-5, 7, 27-29, 48, 66, 72, 76ո72, 87, 116, 134, 137-138, 140-141, 143, 145ո6, 188-189, 191-195, 198-200, 206, 209-215, 217-219, 225, 227, 232, 240 translation see language Transylvania 156 Trifonov, Grigorii 51 Trocki district 49 Troitskaia fortress 153, 158 Trosien, Reinhold (Raingold Truzin, Trusin) 159 Trubetskoi, Iurii Nikitich 44-45 Trubetskoi, Iurii Petrovich 51-52, 54-55 Tula 214, 238 Turau 169 Turkish see Ottoman Empire Tushino 44 Tver' 50, 99, 102-103, 107, 238 Tyshkevich, Mikhail 53 Ükek (Üvek) 201ո53 Ukraine, Ukrainian 2, 7, 124, 157, 199, 215 Ukraintsev, Emel'ian 119-120 Ulianov, Vladimir see Lenin Ulozheme, sobornoe see law Unsinn, Tobias 103 uprising, unrest 2, 7, 49, 51, 143, 182; Moscow uprising of 1648 7, 70, 72, 76n79, 137, 242 Urban, Lorenz 156, 159 Urusov, Eustratius 51 Urusov, Semen 146nl5 Urusov, Vasilii 51 Ustiug, Velikii 214, 238 Vadapet, Minas see Tigraneants, Minas Valdai 102 Vardø 214 Vasil'ev,
Iurii 46 Vasil'ev, Theodosius 51 Vasilii III Ivanovich, grand prince of Moscow 5, 27, 30, 32, 39n36, 55, 169-181, 183n28, 185n70, 189 Vauban, Sebastien 160 Veide, Johann 159-160 Veiges, Matvei 139 Venice (Venezia) 214 Venice (republic), Venetian 31-32, 154, 190, 200nl9, 216 Verchovskii, Pavel 125-126 Verpoorten, Philips 214 Vetka river 52 Viatka river 213, 238 Viazemskii, Andrei lur'evich 46 Vienna (Wien) 118, 136, 155-156, 158, 160, 224, 227-232 Vilna (Vilnius) 45, 47-48, 51, 54, 135, 142, 145n6, 167-168, 173, 190, 238 Vinius, Andrei see Winius, Andries violence see conflict Visbeck, Georg see Pisbeck, Georg Vitebsk see Witebsk Vitotov, Evdokim Iakovlevich 45 Vladimir 184n66, 238 Vladislav II Jagiellon (Ladislas), king of Bohemia, Hungary, and Croatia 168, 170, 173 Vladislav IV Vasa (Władysław IV Waza), grand duke of Lithuania, king of Poland, tsar of Russia 45, 99 Voglar, Alenka 224 Voglar, Gregor see Carbonarius von Bisenegg, Gregorius Voglar, Jacoba Sabina Rebeca 229 Voglar, Maria (born Fluher) 229-230, 232 Voglar, Maria Antonia 229 Voglar, Martin 224 Voglar, Ursula see Szimnowiz, Ursula Volga river 157, 179, 184n61, 184n66, 201n53, 238
262 Index Volhynia 49 Vologda 5, 238 Volok Lamskii 177 Volosatii, Ivan 141 Volosheninov, Mikhail lur'evich 137 Volpe, Giambattista della (Ivan Friazin) 29, 32, 37 Voronezh 153, 158, 238 Vorontsov, Mikhail 180 Vorotynskii, Dmitrii Fedorovich 46 Vorotynskii, Ivan Mikhailovich 46 Vorotynskii, Semën Fedorovich 46 Voyna, Gabriel 49 Voyna, Matey 49 Voznitsyn, Prokofii Bogdanovich 232 Vytautas, grand duke of Lithuania 167 Vydropuzhsk 99 Vyg river 56 Waldemar, prince of Denmark 135, 139 Wallonia 153 war, warfare 1-7, 9, 29, 33, 44-45, 47, 76n76, 103, 136, 140, 152, 156, 171, 173, 176, 184n51; Great Northern war (1700-1721) 9, 154, 213; Livonian war (1558-1583) 5-6, 29, 33-34, 39, 47, 49—50, 66, 195, 210; Polish-Ottoman wars (1672-1676, 1683-1699) 199; Polish-Russian wars (1561-1570, 1577-1582) 195; Polish-Russian war (1654-1667) 115, 199, 215; Smolensk war (1632-1634) 7, 51, 71, 74n25, 99-100, 102, 104, 214; Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) 101-102, 108-109, 11ІПІЗ; see also captives Warsaw (Warszawa) 52, 124, 136, 156, 193-194 Warszycki, Stanislaw 50 Weber, Friedrich Christian 9 Weber, Max 207 Winius, Andries (Andrei Vinius) 143, 158 Witebsk (Vitebsk) 54, 119, 127, 174, 238 Wocstman, Harmen 146nl5 Wulf, Jacob 234n25 Wyborch, Wolfjakob (Vul'f Iakovlev) 139 Wyche, Peter 142 Zaberezinski, Jan 168, 173 Zabolotskii, Vladimir 44, 54 Zagorsk monastery 181 Zakharin, Mikhail 46 Zapolski, Ignacy Franciszek 119 Zaporozhia 50 Zavalskoi, Fedor 69-70 Zborowski, Alexander 45 Zelborsk 136 zemskii sobor see council Zierowsky, Johann Christopher 231 Zimin, Alexander 178 Zoppoth, Benedict 232 Zubatov,
Fedor Ivanovich 49 Zvenigorod 102, 238 Zverev, Mikhail 46, 54 Bayertaohe Mönchen |
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| spelling | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia edited by Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller London ; New York Routledge 2023 vii, 262 Seiten Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Between the late fifteenth and early eighteenth centuries, the State of Muscovy emerged from being a rather homogenous Russian-speaking and Orthodox medieval principality to becoming a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Not only the conquest of the neighbouring Tatar Khanates and the colonisation of Siberia demanded the integration of non-Christian populations into the Russian state. The ethnic composition of the capital and other towns also changed due to Muscovite policies of recruiting soldiers, officers, and specialists from various European countries, as well as the accommodation of merchants and the resettlement of war prisoners and civilians from annexed territories. The presence of foreign immigrants was accompanied by controversy and conflicts, which demanded adaptations not only in the Muscovite legal, fiscal, and economic systems but also in the everyday life of both native citizens and immigrants. This book combines two major research fields on international relations in the State of Muscovy: the migration, settlement, and integration of Western Europeans, and Russian and European perceptions of the respective "other". Geschichte 1500-1700 gnd rswk-swf Einwanderer (DE-588)4151434-8 gnd rswk-swf Westliche Welt (DE-588)4079237-7 gnd rswk-swf Moskauer Reich (DE-588)4301291-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Einwanderer (DE-588)4151434-8 s Moskauer Reich (DE-588)4301291-7 g Westliche Welt (DE-588)4079237-7 g Geschichte 1500-1700 z DE-604 Dreher, Simon (DE-588)1276276400 edt Mueller, Wolfgang 1970- (DE-588)130573329 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-003-31815-6 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033842577&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033842577&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia Einwanderer (DE-588)4151434-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4151434-8 (DE-588)4079237-7 (DE-588)4301291-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia |
| title_auth | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia |
| title_exact_search | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia |
| title_full | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia edited by Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller |
| title_fullStr | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia edited by Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foreigners in Muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia edited by Simon Dreher and Wolfgang Mueller |
| title_short | Foreigners in Muscovy |
| title_sort | foreigners in muscovy western immigrants in sixteenth and seventeenth century russia |
| title_sub | western immigrants in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Russia |
| topic | Einwanderer (DE-588)4151434-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Einwanderer Westliche Welt Moskauer Reich Aufsatzsammlung |
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