"Naš novyj sovetskij Sion": proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s.
"Наш новый советский Сион" проекты и попытки создания еврейской национально-территориальной единицы в Крыму: 1920-1940-е гг.
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Russian |
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Simferopolʹ
OOO "Antikva"
2021
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 270 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9785604675878 |
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| adam_text | СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Введение................................................................................................. 11 Глава 1 Историография, источники и теоретико-методологические основы исследования 1.1. Историография........................................................................23 1.2.
Источниковая база исследования.......................................... 50 1.3. Теоретико-методологические основы исследования........... 68 Глава 2 Первый «Крымский проект»: идеи и реализация проектов еврейской национально-территориальной автономии в СССР (1920-1930-е гг.) 2.1. Предпосылки
зарождения идей еврейской национальной автономии (середина XIX — начало XX в.).................................. 75 Еврейская аграризация............................................................. 83 Политическая история евреев и концепция автономии (1917-1923
гг.).....................................86 «Белорусский проект» еврейской республики..........................92 2.2. Зарождение и попытки реализации идей территориальной автономии для евреев в Северном Причерноморье (1923-1927 гг.)................................. 95 Еврейская сельскохозяйственная
колонизация в СССР........ 95 Проект А. Г. Брагина (1923-1924 гг.).......................................... 98 Проект Ю. Ларина (1925 г.)....................................................... 103 В. И. Ленин и «Крымский проект»............................................ 107 «Крымский проект» и
сионистское движение......................... 107 5
Территориальное измерение «Крымского проекта».............. 111 «Сторонники» проекта Ю. Ларина........................................... 114 Попытка реализации «Проекта Ларина»................................. 115 КомЗЕТ, ОЗЕТ и еврейская автономия................................... 120 Заграничная
поездка А. Г. Брагина (1925 г.)............................ 123 «Крымский проект» и конструирование еврейской советской нации..................... 124 I съезд ОЗЕТ............................................................................... 128 Дискуссия о еврейской автономии в зарубежной
еврейской прессе............................................... 136 «Крымский проект» в контексте теории «хазарского наследства»........................ 138 «Крымский проект» и «пьемонтский принцип» советской национальной политики......................................... 140 Проекты еврейского
национально-территориального устройства и антисемитизм в СССР........................................142 Джойнт и проекты еврейской национально-территориальной автономии в СССР.................................................................... 145 2.3. Фиаско «Крымского проекта» и организация
Еврейской автономной области на Дальнем Востоке (1927-1939 гг.)................................................................................ 148 Сворачивание «Крымского проекта»....................................... 148 II съезд ОЗЕТ и борьба «Советских Сионов»......................... 151 ОЗЕТ,
КомЗЕТ и эпоха Большого террора.............................. 161 Глава 3 Второй «Крымский проект» как реакция на
Холокост (1941-1948 гг.) 3.1. Холокост и еврейская сельскохозяйственная колонизация в Причерноморье (1941-1944 гг.)................................................. 168 3.2. «Крымский проект» в нацистской пропаганде на оккупированных территориях............................................... 170 6
3.3. Второй «Крымский проект» в контексте трагедии Холокоста и деятельности Еврейского антифашистского комитета............................... 176 3.4. Еврейские поселения и переименования крымских топонимов.................................... 180 3.5. Территориализм в 1940-е
гг................................................... 183 Заключение........................................................................................... 186 Summary................................................................................................ 194 Список
сокращений.............................................................................196 Словарь терминов...............................................................................198 Источники и литература.................................................................... 199 Иллюстрации
Карты.......................................................................................... 227 Фотографии................................................................................ 234 Фотокопии документови удостоверений.................................. 238
Карикатуры................................................................................ 242 Приложения Приложение 1. Докладная записка А. Г. Брагина о сельскохозяйственной колонизации и еврейской территориальной автономии.............................. 244 Приложение 2. Постановление Политбюро ЦК
ВКП(б) «О землеустройстве евреев».................................................. 250 Приложение 3. Пояснительная записка Ю. Ларина с обоснованием «Крымского проекта» к
«Комиссии Калинина»........................................................... 251 Приложение 4. Выступление Μ. И. Калинина на I съезде ОЗЕТ...................................................................... 256 Приложение 5. Письмо руководства ЕАК — в Правительство СССР с предложением создать еврейскую республику в Крыму................................................ 268
УДК 908:394 (477.75) ББК 63.6/62 (2Рос.Крм) М74 Печатается по решению кафедры новой и новейшей истории Таврической академии ФГОАУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского», протокол № 11 от 23.06.2021 Рецензенты: Корнилов А. А., доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующий
кафедрой за рубежного регионоведения и локальной истории ФГОАУ ВО «Национальный ис следовательский Нижегородский государственный университет имени Н. И. Ло бачевского» Щевелев С. С., доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой новой и новейшей истории Таврической академии ФГОАУ ВО
«Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского» Пученков А. С., доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры новейшей исто рии России ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет» Могаричев, Константин Юрьевич. М74 «Наш новый советский Сион» : проекты и попытки созда ния
еврейской национально-территориальной единицы в Кры му (1920-1940-е гг.) / К. Ю. Могаричев. — Симферополь : ООО «Антиква», 2021. — 272 с. ISBN 978-5-6046758-7-8 Монография посвящена так называемому «Крымскому проекту» — пла нам по созданию еврейской автономной области или республики в Крыму и
прилегающих территориях в 1920-1940-е годы. Издание рассчитано на специалистов — историков, антропологов, этногра фов, архивистов, студентов и всех, кто интересуется историей СССР 20-40-х годов XX века и перипетиями судьбы еврейского народа. The monograph of Konstantin Mogarichev considers the so-
called “Crimea project” — the plans of the creation of the Jewish autonomous region in Crimea and surrounding
areas in the 1920-1940-s. The book aimed at historians, anthropologists, ethnographers, archivists, students, and all interested in the Soviet history of 1920-1940-s. and tricks of fortune of Jewish people. УДК 908:394 (477.75) ББК 63.6/62 (2Рос.Крм) ISBN 978-5-6046758-7-8 © Могаричев К. Ю., текст 2021 © Оформление. ООО «Антиква», 2021 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München
CONTENTS Introduction.............................................................................................. 11 Chapter 1 Historiography, Sources, and Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Research 1.1. Historiography............................................................................ 23 1.2. Sources....................................................................................... 50 1.3. Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Research............. 68 Chapter 2 The 1st “Crimea Project”: The Ideas and Realizations of Jewish National Autonomy in the USSR 1920-1930-s. 2.1. The Origins of Jewish National Autonomy Middle of 19th — Beginning of 20th Centuries.................................. 75 Jewish Agrarization...................................................................... 83 Political History of Jews (1917-1923)........................................... 86 The “Belarusian Project” of the Jewish Republic......................... 92 2.2. The Ideas and Attempt of Realization of Jewish Territorial Autonomy in the Northern Black Sea Region 1923-1927................. 95 Jewish Agricultural Colonization in the Soviet Union.................... 95 The Abram Bragin s Project (1923-1924)......................................98 The Yuri Larin’s Project (1925)..................................................... 103 Vladimir Lenin and the “Crimea Project ..................................... 107 The “Crimea Project” and Zionism............................................. 107 The Territorial Measurement of “Crimea Project”........................
111 “Supporters” of Larin’s Project................................................... 114 8
Attempts of Realization of Larin’s Project................................... 115 KomZET, OZET and Jewish Autonomy....................................... 120 Foreign Tour of Abram Bragin (1925).........................................123 “Crimea Project”: Constructing the Soviet Jewish Nation.......... 124 The 1st OZET Congress............................................................. 128 The Discussion of Jewish Autonomy in Abroad Jewish Press.... 136 “Crimea Project” in Context of “Khazarian Heritage” Theory..... 138 “Crimea Project” and the Piedmont Principle of Soviet Nationalities Policy...................................................... 140 Projects of Jewish Territorial Units and anti-Semitism in the USSR............................................................................... 142 Joint and Soviet Projects Jewish Territorial Units........................ 145 2.3. The Failure of the “Crimea Project” and the Creation of Jewish Autonomous Oblastin the Far East 1927-1939............ 148 The Drawdown of “Crimea Project”............................................. 148 2nd Congress of OZET and Struggle of the “Soviet Zions”........ 151 OZET, KomZET and the Great Terror.......................................... 161 Chapter 3 The 2nd “Crimea Project” as Reaction on Holocaust 1941-1948 3.1. Holocaust and Jewish Agrarization in Northern Black Sea Region 1941-1944....................................... 168 3.2. “Crimea Project” in Nazi Propaganda on Occupied Territories................................................................... 170 3.3. The Second “Crimea
Project” in the Context of Holocaust Tragedy and Activities of Jewish Antifascist Committee....................................................... 176 3.4. Jewish Villages and Renaming of Crimean Toponyms............. 180 3.5. Temtoria/ism in 1940-s.............................................................. 183 Conclusion.............................................................................................. 186 Summary................................................................................................ 194 9
List of Abbreviations............................................................................ 196 Glossary................................................................................................ 198 Bibliography.......................................................................................... 199 Illustrations Maps........................................................................................... 227 Photographs................................................................................ 234 Copies of Documents.................................................................. 238 Caricatures.................................................................................. 242 Appendixes Appendix 1. Bragin Memorandum on Agricultural Colonization and Jewish Territorial Autonomy................................................. 244 Appendix 2. Resolution of the Political Bureau of the Tsk VKP(b) On Jewish Agrarization”................................ 250 Appendix 3. Yurii Larin Explanationary Note to “Kalinin s Commission» with Basis on “Crimea Project”........ 251 Appendix 4. Speech of Mikhail Kalinin of the 1st Congress of OZET.......................................................... 256 Appendix 5. The letter of the Jewish Antifascist Committee to the Government of the USSR with the Proposal of Creation of the Jewish Republic in Crimea.............................268
SUMMARY The monograph of Dr. Konstantin Mogarichev is the first attempt to summarize the history of the so-called “Crimean project” — the plans of the creation of the Jewish autonomous region in Crimea and sur rounding areas in 1920-1940-s as part of Soviet Nationalities policy and Jewish agrarization. The lack of studies and closed USSR archives, along with thorny issues of the Soviet Jewish question, resulted in the fact that this topic remains mythologized. The “myth” of the Crimean project emerged with the first proposition and remains to be part of the discourse in post-soviet states. The author devotes two Crimean Projects: the first one dates back to 1920-1930-s and was part of Soviet Nationalities National policy ad dressed to Jewish people. The second one was the proposition of the Jewish Antifascist Committee in 1944 and was in some way an attempt to revive the first project due to the Holocaust tragedy. In the Post-Soviet states (In Russia and Ukraine partly) in the ear ly 1990-s during the so-called “Archive revolution” scholars began to study this problem. On the contrary, in Western and Israeli historiogra phy the studies began in the 1960-s, as part of growing interest in Soviet Jewry and they took their part in rethinking Soviet Jewish history. Crimean Project was a complex phenomenon and had several ide ological sources. One of them is the Soviet Nationalities policy 19201930, which recognized only territorial nations as equitable. Another one was Jewish Territorialism — a political movement that wanted to create an autonomous Jewish state or region
outside historical Palestine (Eretz-Israel). It also applied to the popular idea that the Jewish agricul tural movement could resolve all social problems, including inequality between Jews and surrounding nations. Primarily, there was a so-called Belorussian project, but it was not feasible. 194
SUMMARY Soviet Jewish journalist Abram Bragin (1893-1938) first proposed the Crimean project in 1923 amid started Jewish Agrarization. Never theless, Yurii Larin (Mikhail Lurie) (1882-1932) became the main ac tivist of the Crimean Project — a prominent figure of the Communist Party, one of the creators of the Soviet economic system during the Civil war. As the leader of the Society for Settling Toiling Jews on the Land (OZET) he defended the idea of the creation of Jewish national territory in northern Crimea, the Kerch peninsula, and the area of the Azov coast of the Kuban region. One of the main characteristics of the “Crimean Project” in the mid1920-s was the fluctuation of its final goals. It was unclear if Jewish Agrarization should end with the creation of a Jewish territorial unit or not. Significantly, The Crimean Project was not the only option that was considered to become the future “Soviet Jewish Territory” in the mid-1920-s. Before the early 1930-s, when the so-called “Jewish Auton omous Land” was finally located in the Russian Far East, the idea of the Crimean Jewish project was a part of the discussion. Due to the controversies of the Crimean Project, which included both national and administrative tensions, lack of free territories, and shunning of Soviet leaders, along with other reasons, the Soviet Lead ers abandoned the Crimean project by 1927-1928, and the future Jew ish territory was relocated to Russian Far East into Birobidzhan region, now — modern Jewish Autonomous region (“oblast”). However, Yurii Larin did not abandon his idea and asserted
Crimean Project even when the favor of the “Birobidzhan plan” beside Soviet elites become evident in the early 1930-s. Nonetheless, the agricultural colonization in Crimea proceeded until the end of the 1930-s and Jewish villages and two national districts (ray on) existed until WWII (Great Patriotic war). Nonetheless, the Crimean Project was never fully implemented, It shows an excellent example of Soviet politics towards national minori ties and Avant-garde political discourse. It left behind a notable endow ment into pre-war Crimean history and toponymy and also become an ideological base for future Jewish Autonomous Oblast. The project’s history is significant for understanding the history of Jews and the Sovi et Union of the first half of the 20th century. 195
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СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Введение. 11 Глава 1 Историография, источники и теоретико-методологические основы исследования 1.1. Историография.23 1.2.
Источниковая база исследования. 50 1.3. Теоретико-методологические основы исследования. 68 Глава 2 Первый «Крымский проект»: идеи и реализация проектов еврейской национально-территориальной автономии в СССР (1920-1930-е гг.) 2.1. Предпосылки
зарождения идей еврейской национальной автономии (середина XIX — начало XX в.). 75 Еврейская аграризация. 83 Политическая история евреев и концепция автономии (1917-1923
гг.).86 «Белорусский проект» еврейской республики.92 2.2. Зарождение и попытки реализации идей территориальной автономии для евреев в Северном Причерноморье (1923-1927 гг.). 95 Еврейская сельскохозяйственная
колонизация в СССР. 95 Проект А. Г. Брагина (1923-1924 гг.). 98 Проект Ю. Ларина (1925 г.). 103 В. И. Ленин и «Крымский проект». 107 «Крымский проект» и
сионистское движение. 107 5
Территориальное измерение «Крымского проекта». 111 «Сторонники» проекта Ю. Ларина. 114 Попытка реализации «Проекта Ларина». 115 КомЗЕТ, ОЗЕТ и еврейская автономия. 120 Заграничная
поездка А. Г. Брагина (1925 г.). 123 «Крымский проект» и конструирование еврейской советской нации. 124 I съезд ОЗЕТ. 128 Дискуссия о еврейской автономии в зарубежной
еврейской прессе. 136 «Крымский проект» в контексте теории «хазарского наследства». 138 «Крымский проект» и «пьемонтский принцип» советской национальной политики. 140 Проекты еврейского
национально-территориального устройства и антисемитизм в СССР.142 Джойнт и проекты еврейской национально-территориальной автономии в СССР. 145 2.3. Фиаско «Крымского проекта» и организация
Еврейской автономной области на Дальнем Востоке (1927-1939 гг.). 148 Сворачивание «Крымского проекта». 148 II съезд ОЗЕТ и борьба «Советских Сионов». 151 ОЗЕТ,
КомЗЕТ и эпоха Большого террора. 161 Глава 3 Второй «Крымский проект» как реакция на
Холокост (1941-1948 гг.) 3.1. Холокост и еврейская сельскохозяйственная колонизация в Причерноморье (1941-1944 гг.). 168 3.2. «Крымский проект» в нацистской пропаганде на оккупированных территориях. 170 6
3.3. Второй «Крымский проект» в контексте трагедии Холокоста и деятельности Еврейского антифашистского комитета. 176 3.4. Еврейские поселения и переименования крымских топонимов. 180 3.5. Территориализм в 1940-е
гг. 183 Заключение. 186 Summary. 194 Список
сокращений.196 Словарь терминов.198 Источники и литература. 199 Иллюстрации
Карты. 227 Фотографии. 234 Фотокопии документови удостоверений. 238
Карикатуры. 242 Приложения Приложение 1. Докладная записка А. Г. Брагина о сельскохозяйственной колонизации и еврейской территориальной автономии. 244 Приложение 2. Постановление Политбюро ЦК
ВКП(б) «О землеустройстве евреев». 250 Приложение 3. Пояснительная записка Ю. Ларина с обоснованием «Крымского проекта» к
«Комиссии Калинина». 251 Приложение 4. Выступление Μ. И. Калинина на I съезде ОЗЕТ. 256 Приложение 5. Письмо руководства ЕАК — в Правительство СССР с предложением создать еврейскую республику в Крыму. 268
УДК 908:394 (477.75) ББК 63.6/62 (2Рос.Крм) М74 Печатается по решению кафедры новой и новейшей истории Таврической академии ФГОАУ ВО «Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского», протокол № 11 от 23.06.2021 Рецензенты: Корнилов А. А., доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующий
кафедрой за рубежного регионоведения и локальной истории ФГОАУ ВО «Национальный ис следовательский Нижегородский государственный университет имени Н. И. Ло бачевского» Щевелев С. С., доктор исторических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой новой и новейшей истории Таврической академии ФГОАУ ВО
«Крымский федеральный университет имени В. И. Вернадского» Пученков А. С., доктор исторических наук, профессор кафедры новейшей исто рии России ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет» Могаричев, Константин Юрьевич. М74 «Наш новый советский Сион» : проекты и попытки созда ния
еврейской национально-территориальной единицы в Кры му (1920-1940-е гг.) / К. Ю. Могаричев. — Симферополь : ООО «Антиква», 2021. — 272 с. ISBN 978-5-6046758-7-8 Монография посвящена так называемому «Крымскому проекту» — пла нам по созданию еврейской автономной области или республики в Крыму и
прилегающих территориях в 1920-1940-е годы. Издание рассчитано на специалистов — историков, антропологов, этногра фов, архивистов, студентов и всех, кто интересуется историей СССР 20-40-х годов XX века и перипетиями судьбы еврейского народа. The monograph of Konstantin Mogarichev considers the so-
called “Crimea project” — the plans of the creation of the Jewish autonomous region in Crimea and surrounding
areas in the 1920-1940-s. The book aimed at historians, anthropologists, ethnographers, archivists, students, and all interested in the Soviet history of 1920-1940-s. and tricks of fortune of Jewish people. УДК 908:394 (477.75) ББК 63.6/62 (2Рос.Крм) ISBN 978-5-6046758-7-8 © Могаричев К. Ю., текст 2021 © Оформление. ООО «Антиква», 2021 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München
CONTENTS Introduction. 11 Chapter 1 Historiography, Sources, and Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Research 1.1. Historiography. 23 1.2. Sources. 50 1.3. Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Research. 68 Chapter 2 The 1st “Crimea Project”: The Ideas and Realizations of Jewish National Autonomy in the USSR 1920-1930-s. 2.1. The Origins of Jewish National Autonomy Middle of 19th — Beginning of 20th Centuries. 75 Jewish Agrarization. 83 Political History of Jews (1917-1923). 86 The “Belarusian Project” of the Jewish Republic. 92 2.2. The Ideas and Attempt of Realization of Jewish Territorial Autonomy in the Northern Black Sea Region 1923-1927. 95 Jewish Agricultural Colonization in the Soviet Union. 95 The Abram Bragin's Project (1923-1924).98 The Yuri Larin’s Project (1925). 103 Vladimir Lenin and the “Crimea Project". 107 The “Crimea Project” and Zionism. 107 The Territorial Measurement of “Crimea Project”.
111 “Supporters” of Larin’s Project. 114 8
Attempts of Realization of Larin’s Project. 115 KomZET, OZET and Jewish Autonomy. 120 Foreign Tour of Abram Bragin (1925).123 “Crimea Project”: Constructing the Soviet Jewish Nation. 124 The 1st OZET Congress. 128 The Discussion of Jewish Autonomy in Abroad Jewish Press. 136 “Crimea Project” in Context of “Khazarian Heritage” Theory. 138 “Crimea Project” and the Piedmont Principle of Soviet Nationalities Policy. 140 Projects of Jewish Territorial Units and anti-Semitism in the USSR. 142 Joint and Soviet Projects Jewish Territorial Units. 145 2.3. The Failure of the “Crimea Project” and the Creation of Jewish Autonomous Oblastin the Far East 1927-1939. 148 The Drawdown of “Crimea Project”. 148 2nd Congress of OZET and Struggle of the “Soviet Zions”. 151 OZET, KomZET and the Great Terror. 161 Chapter 3 The 2nd “Crimea Project” as Reaction on Holocaust 1941-1948 3.1. Holocaust and Jewish Agrarization in Northern Black Sea Region 1941-1944. 168 3.2. “Crimea Project” in Nazi Propaganda on Occupied Territories. 170 3.3. The Second “Crimea
Project” in the Context of Holocaust Tragedy and Activities of Jewish Antifascist Committee. 176 3.4. Jewish Villages and Renaming of Crimean Toponyms. 180 3.5. Temtoria/ism in 1940-s. 183 Conclusion. 186 Summary. 194 9
List of Abbreviations. 196 Glossary. 198 Bibliography. 199 Illustrations Maps. 227 Photographs. 234 Copies of Documents. 238 Caricatures. 242 Appendixes Appendix 1. Bragin Memorandum on Agricultural Colonization and Jewish Territorial Autonomy. 244 Appendix 2. Resolution of the Political Bureau of the Tsk VKP(b) On Jewish Agrarization”. 250 Appendix 3. Yurii Larin Explanationary Note to “Kalinin's Commission» with Basis on “Crimea Project”. 251 Appendix 4. Speech of Mikhail Kalinin of the 1st Congress of OZET. 256 Appendix 5. The letter of the Jewish Antifascist Committee to the Government of the USSR with the Proposal of Creation of the Jewish Republic in Crimea.268
SUMMARY The monograph of Dr. Konstantin Mogarichev is the first attempt to summarize the history of the so-called “Crimean project” — the plans of the creation of the Jewish autonomous region in Crimea and sur rounding areas in 1920-1940-s as part of Soviet Nationalities policy and Jewish agrarization. The lack of studies and closed USSR archives, along with thorny issues of the Soviet Jewish question, resulted in the fact that this topic remains mythologized. The “myth” of the Crimean project emerged with the first proposition and remains to be part of the discourse in post-soviet states. The author devotes two Crimean Projects: the first one dates back to 1920-1930-s and was part of Soviet Nationalities National policy ad dressed to Jewish people. The second one was the proposition of the Jewish Antifascist Committee in 1944 and was in some way an attempt to revive the first project due to the Holocaust tragedy. In the Post-Soviet states (In Russia and Ukraine partly) in the ear ly 1990-s during the so-called “Archive revolution” scholars began to study this problem. On the contrary, in Western and Israeli historiogra phy the studies began in the 1960-s, as part of growing interest in Soviet Jewry and they took their part in rethinking Soviet Jewish history. Crimean Project was a complex phenomenon and had several ide ological sources. One of them is the Soviet Nationalities policy 19201930, which recognized only territorial nations as equitable. Another one was Jewish Territorialism — a political movement that wanted to create an autonomous Jewish state or region
outside historical Palestine (Eretz-Israel). It also applied to the popular idea that the Jewish agricul tural movement could resolve all social problems, including inequality between Jews and surrounding nations. Primarily, there was a so-called Belorussian project, but it was not feasible. 194
SUMMARY Soviet Jewish journalist Abram Bragin (1893-1938) first proposed the Crimean project in 1923 amid started Jewish Agrarization. Never theless, Yurii Larin (Mikhail Lurie) (1882-1932) became the main ac tivist of the Crimean Project — a prominent figure of the Communist Party, one of the creators of the Soviet economic system during the Civil war. As the leader of the Society for Settling Toiling Jews on the Land (OZET) he defended the idea of the creation of Jewish national territory in northern Crimea, the Kerch peninsula, and the area of the Azov coast of the Kuban region. One of the main characteristics of the “Crimean Project” in the mid1920-s was the fluctuation of its final goals. It was unclear if Jewish Agrarization should end with the creation of a Jewish territorial unit or not. Significantly, The Crimean Project was not the only option that was considered to become the future “Soviet Jewish Territory” in the mid-1920-s. Before the early 1930-s, when the so-called “Jewish Auton omous Land” was finally located in the Russian Far East, the idea of the Crimean Jewish project was a part of the discussion. Due to the controversies of the Crimean Project, which included both national and administrative tensions, lack of free territories, and shunning of Soviet leaders, along with other reasons, the Soviet Lead ers abandoned the Crimean project by 1927-1928, and the future Jew ish territory was relocated to Russian Far East into Birobidzhan region, now — modern Jewish Autonomous region (“oblast”). However, Yurii Larin did not abandon his idea and asserted
Crimean Project even when the favor of the “Birobidzhan plan” beside Soviet elites become evident in the early 1930-s. Nonetheless, the agricultural colonization in Crimea proceeded until the end of the 1930-s and Jewish villages and two national districts (ray on) existed until WWII (Great Patriotic war). Nonetheless, the Crimean Project was never fully implemented, It shows an excellent example of Soviet politics towards national minori ties and Avant-garde political discourse. It left behind a notable endow ment into pre-war Crimean history and toponymy and also become an ideological base for future Jewish Autonomous Oblast. The project’s history is significant for understanding the history of Jews and the Sovi et Union of the first half of the 20th century. 195 |
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| spelling | 880-01 Mogaričev, Konstantin Jurʹevič 1994- Verfasser (DE-588)1263602665 aut 880-02 "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. K.Ju. Mogaričev "Our new soviet Zion" 880-03 Simferopolʹ OOO "Antikva" 2021 270 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Text russisch. Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Kyrillische Schrift Geschichte 1920-1949 gnd rswk-swf Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd rswk-swf Minderheitenpolitik (DE-588)4170001-6 gnd rswk-swf Projekt (DE-588)4115645-6 gnd rswk-swf Autonomes Gebiet (DE-588)4143711-1 gnd rswk-swf Krim (DE-588)4033166-0 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Krim (DE-588)4033166-0 g Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 s Projekt (DE-588)4115645-6 s Autonomes Gebiet (DE-588)4143711-1 s Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Minderheitenpolitik (DE-588)4170001-6 s Geschichte 1920-1949 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract 100-01/(N Могаричев, Константин Юрьевич ut 245-02/(N "Наш новый советский Сион" проекты и попытки создания еврейской национально-территориальной единицы в Крыму: 1920-1940-е гг. К.Ю. Могаричев 264-03/(N Симферополь ООО "Антиква" 2021 |
| spellingShingle | Mogaričev, Konstantin Jurʹevič 1994- "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Minderheitenpolitik (DE-588)4170001-6 gnd Projekt (DE-588)4115645-6 gnd Autonomes Gebiet (DE-588)4143711-1 gnd |
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| title | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. |
| title_alt | "Our new soviet Zion" |
| title_auth | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. |
| title_exact_search | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. |
| title_exact_search_txtP | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. |
| title_full | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. K.Ju. Mogaričev |
| title_fullStr | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. K.Ju. Mogaričev |
| title_full_unstemmed | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. K.Ju. Mogaričev |
| title_short | "Naš novyj sovetskij Sion" |
| title_sort | nas novyj sovetskij sion proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno territorialʹnoj edinicy v krymu 1920 1940 e gg our new soviet zion projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in crimea 1920 1940 s |
| title_sub | proekty i popytki sozdanija evrejskoj nacionalʹno-territorialʹnoj edinicy v Krymu: 1920-1940-e gg. = "Our new soviet Zion" : projects and creation attempts of the jewish national territorial unit in Crimea: 1920-1940-s. |
| topic | Juden (DE-588)4028808-0 gnd Minderheitenpolitik (DE-588)4170001-6 gnd Projekt (DE-588)4115645-6 gnd Autonomes Gebiet (DE-588)4143711-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Juden Minderheitenpolitik Projekt Autonomes Gebiet Krim Sowjetunion |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033756909&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mogaricevkonstantinjurʹevic nasnovyjsovetskijsionproektyipopytkisozdanijaevrejskojnacionalʹnoterritorialʹnojedinicyvkrymu19201940eggournewsovietzionprojectsandcreationattemptsofthejewishnationalterritorialunitincrimea19201940s AT mogaricevkonstantinjurʹevic ournewsovietzion |
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