User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries:
Insufficient resources and inadequate public expenditure management often prevent governments in low-income countries from providing quality basic education free of charge. User payments by parents are an alternative means of financing basic education. This paper assesses how user payments affect ed...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, D.C
International Monetary Fund
2002
|
Schriftenreihe: | IMF Working Papers
Working Paper No. 02/182 |
Online-Zugang: | UBW01 UEI01 LCO01 SBR01 UER01 SBG01 UBG01 FAN01 UBT01 FKE01 UBY01 UBA01 FLA01 UBM01 UPA01 UBR01 FHA01 FNU01 BSB01 TUM01 Volltext |
Zusammenfassung: | Insufficient resources and inadequate public expenditure management often prevent governments in low-income countries from providing quality basic education free of charge. User payments by parents are an alternative means of financing basic education. This paper assesses how user payments affect educational opportunities and quality of education for children of poor families in low-income countries. Conditions are identified under which user payments can or cannot improve educational outcomes. User payments, whether taking the form of compulsory benefit taxation or voluntary user fees, are a temporary solution and second-best compared with free-access, publicly financed quality education that is consistent with macroeconomic stability |
Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (33 p) |
ISBN: | 1451859279 9781451859270 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV048348586 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 220713s2002 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
020 | |a 1451859279 |c 15.00 USD |9 1-451-85927-9 | ||
020 | |a 9781451859270 |c 15.00 USD |9 978-1-451-85927-0 | ||
035 | |a (ZDB-1-IMF)845883712 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1337127778 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV048348586 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-20 |a DE-824 |a DE-70 |a DE-155 |a DE-29 |a DE-22 |a DE-473 |a DE-1102 |a DE-703 |a DE-859 |a DE-706 |a DE-384 |a DE-860 |a DE-19 |a DE-739 |a DE-355 |a DE-Aug4 |a DE-1049 |a DE-12 |a DE-91 | ||
100 | 1 | |a Jenkner, E. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |c Jenkner, E |
264 | 1 | |a Washington, D.C |b International Monetary Fund |c 2002 | |
300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource (33 p) | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a IMF Working Papers |v Working Paper No. 02/182 | |
520 | 3 | |a Insufficient resources and inadequate public expenditure management often prevent governments in low-income countries from providing quality basic education free of charge. User payments by parents are an alternative means of financing basic education. This paper assesses how user payments affect educational opportunities and quality of education for children of poor families in low-income countries. Conditions are identified under which user payments can or cannot improve educational outcomes. User payments, whether taking the form of compulsory benefit taxation or voluntary user fees, are a temporary solution and second-best compared with free-access, publicly financed quality education that is consistent with macroeconomic stability | |
533 | |a Online-Ausg | ||
700 | 1 | |a Hillman, Arye L. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
912 | |a ZDB-1-IMF | ||
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033727854 | ||
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBW01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UEI01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l LCO01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l SBR01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UER01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l SBG01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBG01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l FAN01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBT01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l FKE01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBY01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l FLA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBM01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UPA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l UBR01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l FHA01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l FNU01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l BSB01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |l TUM01 |p ZDB-1-IMF |x Verlag |3 Volltext |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804184200803254272 |
---|---|
adam_txt | |
any_adam_object | |
any_adam_object_boolean | |
author | Jenkner, E. |
author_facet | Jenkner, E. |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Jenkner, E. |
author_variant | e j ej |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV048348586 |
collection | ZDB-1-IMF |
ctrlnum | (ZDB-1-IMF)845883712 (OCoLC)1337127778 (DE-599)BVBBV048348586 |
format | Electronic eBook |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>05133nmm a2200589 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV048348586</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">220713s2002 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1451859279</subfield><subfield code="c">15.00 USD</subfield><subfield code="9">1-451-85927-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781451859270</subfield><subfield code="c">15.00 USD</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-451-85927-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-1-IMF)845883712</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1337127778</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV048348586</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-20</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-824</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-70</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-155</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-22</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1102</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-859</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-706</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-384</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-860</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-739</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Aug4</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1049</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-91</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jenkner, E.</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries</subfield><subfield code="c">Jenkner, E</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Washington, D.C</subfield><subfield code="b">International Monetary Fund</subfield><subfield code="c">2002</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (33 p)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">IMF Working Papers</subfield><subfield code="v">Working Paper No. 02/182</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Insufficient resources and inadequate public expenditure management often prevent governments in low-income countries from providing quality basic education free of charge. User payments by parents are an alternative means of financing basic education. This paper assesses how user payments affect educational opportunities and quality of education for children of poor families in low-income countries. Conditions are identified under which user payments can or cannot improve educational outcomes. User payments, whether taking the form of compulsory benefit taxation or voluntary user fees, are a temporary solution and second-best compared with free-access, publicly financed quality education that is consistent with macroeconomic stability</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="533" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ausg</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Hillman, Arye L.</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033727854</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBW01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UEI01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">LCO01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">SBR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UER01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">SBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FAN01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBT01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FKE01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBY01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FLA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBM01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UPA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">UBR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FHA01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">FNU01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">BSB01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml</subfield><subfield code="l">TUM01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-1-IMF</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
id | DE-604.BV048348586 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-03T20:13:25Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:35:34Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 1451859279 9781451859270 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033727854 |
oclc_num | 1337127778 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-20 DE-824 DE-70 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1102 DE-703 DE-859 DE-706 DE-384 DE-860 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-Aug4 DE-1049 DE-12 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
owner_facet | DE-20 DE-824 DE-70 DE-155 DE-BY-UBR DE-29 DE-22 DE-BY-UBG DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-1102 DE-703 DE-859 DE-706 DE-384 DE-860 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-739 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-Aug4 DE-1049 DE-12 DE-91 DE-BY-TUM |
physical | 1 Online-Ressource (33 p) |
psigel | ZDB-1-IMF |
publishDate | 2002 |
publishDateSearch | 2002 |
publishDateSort | 2002 |
publisher | International Monetary Fund |
record_format | marc |
series2 | IMF Working Papers |
spelling | Jenkner, E. Verfasser aut User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries Jenkner, E Washington, D.C International Monetary Fund 2002 1 Online-Ressource (33 p) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier IMF Working Papers Working Paper No. 02/182 Insufficient resources and inadequate public expenditure management often prevent governments in low-income countries from providing quality basic education free of charge. User payments by parents are an alternative means of financing basic education. This paper assesses how user payments affect educational opportunities and quality of education for children of poor families in low-income countries. Conditions are identified under which user payments can or cannot improve educational outcomes. User payments, whether taking the form of compulsory benefit taxation or voluntary user fees, are a temporary solution and second-best compared with free-access, publicly financed quality education that is consistent with macroeconomic stability Online-Ausg Hillman, Arye L. Sonstige oth http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
spellingShingle | Jenkner, E. User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title_auth | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title_exact_search | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title_exact_search_txtP | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title_full | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries Jenkner, E |
title_fullStr | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries Jenkner, E |
title_full_unstemmed | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries Jenkner, E |
title_short | User Payments for Basic Education in Low-Income Countries |
title_sort | user payments for basic education in low income countries |
url | http://elibrary.imf.org/view/IMF001/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270/07760-9781451859270.xml |
work_keys_str_mv | AT jenknere userpaymentsforbasiceducationinlowincomecountries AT hillmanaryel userpaymentsforbasiceducationinlowincomecountries |