Liechtenstein Business Law: based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021.
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| Format: | Book |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Vienna
MANZ'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung
2022
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Physical Description: | XLIV, 563 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9783214025793 3214025791 |
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MARC
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| 020 | |a 3214025791 |9 3-214-02579-1 | ||
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| 130 | 0 | |a Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Liechtenstein Business Law |b based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |c edited by Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte, Vaduz |
| 263 | |a 202204 | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Vienna |b MANZ'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung |c 2022 | |
| 300 | |a XLIV, 563 Seiten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Wirtschaftsrecht |0 (DE-588)4066510-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Liechtenstein |0 (DE-588)4035665-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | |a Liechtenstein | ||
| 653 | |a Wirtschaftsrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Business Law | ||
| 653 | |a Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Wirtschaft | ||
| 653 | |a Recht | ||
| 653 | |a Gesellschaftsrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Steuerrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Finanzmarktrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Sorgfaltspflichtrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Strafrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Rechtshilferecht | ||
| 653 | |a Zivilrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Zivilprozessrecht | ||
| 653 | |a Privatrecht | ||
| 653 | |a DSGVO | ||
| 653 | |a Notariatsgesetz | ||
| 653 | |a Blockchain | ||
| 653 | |a Blockchain-Gesetzgebung | ||
| 653 | |a Insovlenzrechtsreform | ||
| 653 | |a Lichtenstein law | ||
| 653 | |a European law | ||
| 653 | |a persons law | ||
| 653 | |a companies law | ||
| 653 | |a tax law | ||
| 653 | |a financial market law | ||
| 653 | |a due diligence | ||
| 653 | |a criminal law | ||
| 653 | |a mutual legal assistance law | ||
| 653 | |a civil law | ||
| 653 | |a civil procedure | ||
| 653 | |a private international law | ||
| 653 | |a data protection law | ||
| 653 | |a GDPR | ||
| 653 | |a Notaries Act | ||
| 653 | |a blockchain legislation | ||
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Liechtenstein |0 (DE-588)4035665-6 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Wirtschaftsrecht |0 (DE-588)4066510-0 |D s |
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| 710 | 2 | |a Manz'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung |0 (DE-588)2183408-8 |4 pbl | |
| 775 | 0 | 8 | |i Parallele Sprachausgabe |z 9783214025755 |
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| 883 | 1 | |8 1\p |a vlb |d 20220318 |q DE-101 |u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#vlb | |
Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804184113890983936 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
PREFACE
TO
THE
ENGLISH
EDITION
...................................................................................................
V
A
NOTE
ON
THE
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
...........................................................................................
IX
LIST
OF
AUTHORS
.............................................................................................................................
XXV
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
...................................................................................................................
XXVII
SYSTEMATIC
COLLECTION
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
LAWS
.........................................................................
XLI
PART
I
FUNDAMENTALS
CHAPTER
1
WORKING
WITH
LIECHTENSTEIN
LAW
..............................................................................
1
I.
LAWS
...................................................................................................................................
1
A.
CHRONOLOGICAL
AND
SYSTEMATIC
COLLECTION
(LILEX)
....................................................
1
B.
OFFICIAL
GAZETTE
..............................................................................................................
2
C.
EUROPEAN
LAW
.................................................................................................................
2
D.
SWISS
LAW
........................................................................................................................
3
E.
LEGAL
MATERIALS
...............................................................................................................
3
II.
COURTS
AND
ADMINISTRATION
..............................................................................................
4
III.
REFERENCES
..........................................................................................................................
5
CHAPTER
2
CONSTITUTIONAL
PRINCIPLES
..........................................................................................
6
I.
POLITICAL
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................
6
II.
THE
NATIONAL
CONSTITUTION
..............................................................................................
7
III.
GOVERNMENT
BODIES
............................................................................................................
7
A.
THE
REIGNING
PRINCE
.....................................................................................................
7
B.
PARLIAMENT
......................................................................................................................
8
C.
PARTICIPATION
OF
THE
PEOPLE
..........................................................................................
9
D.
GOVERNMENT
...................................................................................................................
9
E.
COURTS
.............................................................................................................................
10
IV.
FOREIGN
POLICY
.....................................................................................................................
11
V.
RELATIONS
WITH
SWITZERLAND
................................................................................................
12
VI.
KEY
STATISTICAL
DATA
..............................................................................................................
13
CHAPTER
3
LIECHTENSTEIN
AND
THE
EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC
AREA
.................................................
15
I.
DEVELOPMENT
.....................................................................................................................
16
A.
BREXIT
..............................................................................................................................
17
B.
EFTA
(EUROPEAN
FREE
TRADE
ASSOCIATION)
.................................................................
17
II.
SUBSTANTIVE
SCOPE
OF
THE
EEA
AGREEMENT
.....................................................................
18
A.
EEA
MATTERS
...................................................................................................................
18
B.
EEA
ACQUIS
....................................................................................................................
18
C.
AREAS
NOT
REGULATED
.......................................................................................................
19
III.
THE
FOUR
FUNDAMENTAL
FREEDOMS
.......................................................................................
19
A.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
GOODS
..............................................................................................
19
B.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
PERSONS
...........................................................................................
20
C.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
SERVICES
..........................................................................................
21
D.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
CAPITAL
............................................................................................
21
IV.
COMPETITION
LAW
AND
PROHIBITION
OF
STATE
AID
................................................................
22
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XI
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
SUBSTANTIVE
NORMS
...........................................................................................................
22
B.
REGULATORY
COMPETENCE
..................................................................................................
22
V.
INSTITUTIONS
OF
THE
EEA
......................................................................................................
23
A.
EEA/EFTA
INSTITUTIONS
...................................................................................................
23
B.
JOINT
INSTITUTIONS
.............................................................................................................
24
C.
LIECHTENSTEIN
AUTHORITIES
................................................................................................
25
D.
SPECIAL
CASE:
EUROPEAN
FINANCIAL
SUPERVISORY
AUTHORITIES
.......................................
26
VI.
SCHENGEN
AND
DUBLIN
.........................................................................................................
26
CHAPTER
4
HISTORY
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
PRIVATE
LAW
......................................................................
28
I.
UNTIL
1900
............................................................................................................................
28
II.
FROM
1900
TO
1990
.............................................................................................................
29
III.
SINCE
1990
............................................................................................................................
30
PART
II
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
CHAPTER
5
GENERAL
ASPECTS
OF
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
....................................................
33
I.
HISTORY
OF
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
.............................................................................
33
A.
PRIOR
TO
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
1926
..........................................................
33
B.
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
OF
1926
...................................................................
34
II.
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
.......................................................................................
36
A.
STRUCTURE
...........................................................................................................................
36
B.
UNDERLYING
LEGAL
SYSTEMS
...............................................................................................
38
C.
EXCURSUS:
THE
BUSINESS
ACT
...........................................................................................
39
III.
TAXATION
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
AND
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
STRUCTURES
.........................................
40
A.
DEFINITION
.........................................................................................................................
40
B.
PERSONS
ACCORDING
TO
THE
180
A
ACT
..............................................................................
41
C.
CREATION
OF
LEGAL
NAMES,
ACCOUNTING,
AND
ANNOUNCEMENTS
......................................
41
IV.
THE
COMMERCIAL
REGISTER
......................................................................................................
42
A.
REGISTER
LAW
......................................................................................................................
42
B.
THE
OFFICE
OF
JUSTICE
.......................................................................................................
43
C.
REGISTER
FEES
.....................................................................................................................
43
CHAPTER
6
LIMITED
LIABILITY
COMPANY
(GMBH)
.........................................................................
44
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
44
II.
TERM
AND
ORIGIN
...................................................................................................................
44
III.
CHANGES
EFFECTIVE
FROM
1
JANUARY
2017
.............................................................................
45
A.
SIMPLIFIED
FORMATION
......................................................................................................
45
B.
REDUCTION
OF
THE
MINIMUM
EQUITY
CAPITAL
..................................................................
45
C.
NO
MORE
MEMBER
S
LIABILITY
..........................................................................................
46
D.
TRANSFERABILITY
OF
EQUITY
CAPITAL
CONTRIBUTIONS
............................................................
47
IV.
CONCLUSION
.............................................................................................................................
48
CHAPTER
7
THE
PUBLIC
COMPANY
LIMITED
BY
SHARES
...................................................................
49
I.
DEFINITION
.............................................................................................................................
50
II.
FORMATION
..............................................................................................................................
50
A.
SIMULTANEOUS
FORMATION
.................................................................................................
51
B.
SUCCESSIVE
FORMATION
......................................................................................................
51
III.
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
..........................................................................................................
51
IV.
REGISTRATION
OF
THE
AG
.........................................................................................................
52
V.
SHARES
.....................................................................................................................................
54
A.
TYPES
OF
SHARES
.............................................................................................................
54
XII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
ACQUISITION
OF
OWN
SHARES
..........................................................................................
56
VI.
RESTRICTIONS
ON
TRANSFERABILITY
AND
SHAREHOLDER
AGREEMENTS
(ABV)
...........................
57
A.
RESTRICTIONS
ON
TRANSFERABILITY
.......................................................................................
57
B.
SHAREHOLDER
AGREEMENTS
.................................................................................................
57
VII.
SHARE
CAPITAL
.........................................................................................................................
59
A.
MINIMUM
CAPITAL
............................................................................................................
59
B.
CAPITAL
INCREASE
...............................................................................................................
59
C.
CAPITAL
REDUCTION
............................................................................................................
60
D.
SUBSCRIPTION
RIGHT
...........................................................................................................
60
VIII.
LIABILITY
AND
RESPONSIBILITY
.................................................................................................
61
IX.
ORGANIZATION
OF
THE
AG
......................................................................................................
62
A.
GENERAL
MEETING
..............................................................................................................
62
B.
BOARD
OF
DIRECTORS
...........................................................................................................
64
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
......................................................................................................................
65
D.
OTHER
BODIES
....................................................................................................................
66
E.
REPRESENTATIVE
.................................................................................................................
66
X.
BRANCHES
................................................................................................................................
66
XI.
ACCOUNTING
............................................................................................................................
67
A.
FINANCIAL
STATEMENT
.........................................................................................................
68
B.
BUSINESS
REPORT
................................................................................................................
68
C.
INTERNATIONAL
ACCOUNTING
STANDARDS
.............................................................................
69
D.
DISCLOSURE
........................................................................................................................
69
XII.
REORGANIZATIONS
...................................................................................................................
70
A.
MERGER
..............................................................................................................................
70
B.
DIVISION
............................................................................................................................
72
C.
CONVERSION
......................................................................................................................
72
XIII.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
AG
......................................................................................................
72
CHAPTER
8
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
.......................................................................................................
74
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
..................................................................................
74
II.
PUBLIC-BENEFIT
ESTABLISHMENTS
............................................................................................
75
III.
FORMATION
..............................................................................................................................
76
IV.
LIABILITY,
RESPONSIBILITY,
AND
COMPULSORY
ENFORCEMENT
...................................................
79
A.
DEBTS
OF
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
CHALLENGE
...................................................................
79
B.
DOUBLE
BENEFICIARY
PRIVILEGE
.........................................................................................
79
C.
RESPONSIBILITY
OF
THE
BODIES
..........................................................................................
80
V.
ORGANIZATION
OF
AND
PARTICIPANTS
IN
AN
ESTABLISHMENT
...................................................
80
A.
SUPREME
BODY
-
BEARER(S)
OF
FOUNDER
S
RIGHTS
...........................................................
80
B.
BOARD
OF
DIRECTORS
...........................................................................................................
82
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
......................................................................................................................
83
D.
OTHER
BODIES
....................................................................................................................
83
E.
REPRESENTATIVE
.................................................................................................................
84
F.
BENEFICIARIES
.....................................................................................................................
84
VI.
ACCOUNTING
............................................................................................................................
84
A.
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
...................................................................................................
84
B.
NO
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.............................................................................................
85
VII.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
.....................................................................................
85
A.
CLAIMS
BY
AND
AGAINST
REMOVED
ESTABLISHMENTS
.........................................................
86
B.
CONVERSION
......................................................................................................................
86
CHAPTER
9
THE
FOUNDATION
............................................................................................................
87
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
89
A.
DEFINITION
......................................................................................................................
89
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XIII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
TOTAL
REVISION
OF
FOUNDATION
LAW
IN
2009
.................................................................
89
II.
FORMS
(FOUNDATION
PURPOSE)
.............................................................................................
91
III.
FORMATION
..............................................................................................................................
92
A.
DECLARATION
OF
FOUNDATION
..............................................................................................
92
B.
FOUNDATION
DOCUMENTS
..................................................................................................
94
C.
ENTRY
IN
THE
REGISTER
........................................................................................................
95
D.
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
NOTIFICATION
OF
FORMATION
.....................................................................
96
IV.
FOUNDER
AND
FOUNDER
S
RIGHTS
.............................................................................................
98
A.
RIGHT
OF
REVOCATION
.........................................................................................................
98
B.
RIGHT
TO
MAKE
AMENDMENTS
..........................................................................................
99
C.
CONSEQUENCES
OF
GRANTING
FOUNDER
S
RIGHTS
.................................................................
99
D.
MANDATE
AGREEMENTS
.......................................................................................................
100
V.
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
.......................................................................................................
101
A.
COMPOSITION
AND
TASKS
...................................................................................................
101
B.
RIGHTS
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
..................................................................................
102
C.
LIABILITY
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
...............................................................................
103
VI.
THE
AUDIT
OFFICE
...................................................................................................................
103
VII.
THE
CONTROLLING
BODY
AND
OTHER
BODIES
..........................................................................
104
A.
CONTROLLING
BODY
.............................................................................................................
104
B.
OTHER
BODIES
....................................................................................................................
105
VIII.
THE
REPRESENTATIVE
..............................................................................................................
106
IX.
THE
BENEFICIARIES
...................................................................................................................
106
A.
CLASSIFICATION
....................................................................................................................
106
B.
RIGHTS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
....................................................................................................
108
X.
FOUNDATION
GOVERNANCE
.......................................................................................................
109
A.
PUBLIC-BENEFIT
FOUNDATIONS
.............................................................................................
109
B.
PRIVATE-BENEFIT
FOUNDATIONS
...........................................................................................
110
XI.
FOUNDATION
AND
RIGHT
OF
INHERITANCE
...............................................................................
110
XII.
FOUNDATION
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
......................................................................................
ILL
A.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
...........................................................................................
112
B.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
FOUNDER
................................................................................................
112
C.
CREDITORS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
...............................................................................................
112
D.
PRIVATE
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
................................................................................................
113
E.
SEGMENTED
FOUNDATION
(PCC)
.......................................................................................
113
XIII.
ACCOUNTING
.............................................................................................................................
113
XIV.
TAXES
AND
FEES
.......................................................................................................................
114
XV.
TERMINATION
.........................................................................................................................
114
A.
DISSOLUTION
.......................................................................................................................
114
B.
LIQUIDATION
.......................................................................................................................
115
C.
REMOVAL
............................................................................................................................
115
D.
TERMINATION
WITHOUT
DISSOLUTION
AND
LIQUIDATION
.....................................................
116
E.
ASSERTION
OF
CLAIMS
AGAINST
OR
BY
A
TERMINATED
FOUNDATION
.....................................
116
XVI.
TRANSITIONAL
PROVISIONS
......................................................................................................
116
A.
PRINCIPLE
AND
LIMITATIONS
................................................................................................
116
B.
RECOVERY
OF
LEGACY
FOUNDATIONS
....................................................................................
117
CHAPTER
10
THE
TRUST
......................................................................................................................
119
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
..................................................................................
120
II.
TRUST
FORMATION
..................................................................................................................
121
A.
TRUST
DEED
........................................................................................................................
121
B.
ENTRY
IN
THE
COMMERCIAL
REGISTER
OR
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
NOTIFICATION
OF
FORMATION
...
122
III.
TRUST
PARTICIPANTS
...............................................................................................................
123
A.
SETTLOR
.............................................................................................................................
123
XIV
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
TRUSTEE
.............................................................................................................................
124
C.
BENEFICIARIES
.....................................................................................................................
126
IV.
TRUST
ASSETS
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
.......................................................................................
127
A.
SCOPE
................................................................................................................................
127
B.
CREDITOR
ACCESS
TO
THE
TRUST
ASSETS
-
ASSET
PROTECTION
................................................
127
1.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
TRUSTEE
............................................................................................
127
2.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
SETTLOR
.............................................................................................
128
3.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
BENEFICIARY
.....................................................................................
128
4.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
TRUST
ASSETS
.....................................................................................
128
V.
TRUST
SUPERVISION
.................................................................................................................
129
VI.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
TRUST
.....................................................................................................
129
VII.
INTERNATIONAL
TRUST
LAW
.......................................................................................................
131
CHAPTER
11
THE
TRUST
ENTERPRISE
(TRUST
REG.)
...........................................................................
132
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
..................................................................................
132
II.
FORMATION
OF
A
TRUST
ENTERPRISE
........................................................................................
133
A.
TRUST
ARTICLES
...................................................................................................................
133
B.
REGISTER
ENTRY
AND
PUBLICATION
OBLIGATION
...................................................................
135
III.
PARTICIPANTS
...........................................................................................................................
135
A.
SETTLOR
...............................................................................................................................
136
B.
TRUSTEE
-
BOARD
OF
TRUSTEES
...........................................................................................
136
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
.....................................................................................................................
137
D.
REPRESENTATIVE
.................................................................................................................
138
IV.
BENEFICIARIES
..........................................................................................................................
138
A.
CLASSIFICATION
...................................................................................................................
138
B.
ACQUISITION,
TRANSFER
AND
LOSS
.......................................................................................
139
C.
RIGHTS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
....................................................................................................
141
V.
LIABILITY
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
.............................................................................................
142
VI.
ACCOUNTING
............................................................................................................................
143
A.
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
...................................................................................................
143
B.
NO
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.............................................................................................
144
VII.
TERMINATION
.........................................................................................................................
144
A.
DISSOLUTION
......................................................................................................................
144
B.
LIQUIDATION
......................................................................................................................
145
C.
CLAIMS
BY
AND
AGAINST
REMOVED
TRUST
ENTERPRISES
.....................................................
146
CHAPTER
12
THE
EUROPEAN
COMPANY
FORMS
..............................................................................
147
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
AND
SIGNIFICANCE
......................................................................................
147
II.
SOCIETAS
EUROPAEA
...............................................................................................................
147
III.
EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC
INTEREST
GROUPING
............................................................................
149
IV.
SOCIETAS
COOPERATIVA
EUROPAEA
..........................................................................................
150
V.
FURTHER
DEVELOPMENTS
.........................................................................................................
150
CHAPTER
13
INTERNATIONAL
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
..........................................................
151
I.
COMPANY
S
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
....................................................................................
151
A.
LEGAL
PERSONS
...................................................................................................................
151
B.
PARTNERSHIPS
....................................................................................................................
152
C.
TRUSTS
...............................................................................................................................
153
II.
RECOGNITION
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
LEGAL
ENTITIES
ABROAD
........................................................
153
A.
PUBLIC
COMPANIES
LIMITED
BY
SHARES,
LIMITED
LIABILITY
COMPANIES,
ESTABLISHMENTS,
AND
TRUST
ENTERPRISES
......................................................................................................
153
B.
FOUNDATIONS
.....................................................................................................................
154
C.
TRUSTS
...............................................................................................................................
155
III.
TRANSFER
OF
REGISTERED
DOMICILE
........................................................................................
156
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XV
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
PART
III
TAXES
CHAPTER
14
GENERAL
ASPECTS
OF
TAX
LAW
.......................................................................................
159
I.
INTRODUCTION
..........................................................................................................................
159
II.
SOURCES
OF
LAW
.....................................................................................................................
159
A.
LIECHTENSTEIN
LEGAL
PROVISIONS
.......................................................................................
160
B.
SWISS
LEGAL
PROVISIONS
.....................................................................................................
160
C.
DOUBLE
TAXATION
AGREEMENTS
.......................................................................................
161
D.
AUTOMATIC
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
AND
FATCA
....................................................
161
CHAPTER
15
TAXATION
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
.........................................................................................
163
I.
PERSONAL
TAX
LIABILITY
...........................................................................................................
163
II.
OBJECTIVE
TAX
LIABILITY
AND
TAX
RATE
.....................................................................................
163
III.
INTEREST
DEDUCTION
ON
EQUITY
..............................................................................................
165
IV.
TAXATION
AS
PRIVATE
ASSET
STRUCTURE
...................................................................................
166
V.
TAXATION
OF
TRUSTS
.................................................................................................................
168
VI.
FORMATION
TAX
.......................................................................................................................
168
VII.
TAX
ON
INSURANCE
PREMIUMS
.............................................................................................
169
CHAPTER
16
TAXATION
OF
NATURAL
PERSONS
....................................................................................
170
I.
INCOME
AND
PROPERTY
TAX
.....................................................................................................
170
II.
SUBJECT
OF
INCOME
TAX
..........................................................................................................
170
III.
TAXATION
OF
HOUSEHOLDS
.......................................................................................................
171
IV.
SUBJECT
OF
PROPERTY
TAX
........................................................................................................
171
V.
TRUSTS
OR
FOUNDATIONS
WITH
SETTLORS/FOUNDERS
OR
BENEFICIARIES
RESIDENT
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
171
VI.
TAX
CALCULATION
....................................................................................................................
172
VII.
NO
INHERITANCE
OR
GIFT
TAX
....................................................................................................
172
VIII.
TAX
BASED
ON
EXPENDITURE
(FLAT-RATE
TAXATION)
.................................................................
173
CHAPTER
17
VALUE-ADDED
TAX
.........................................................................................................
174
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
AND
VAT
RATE
...........................................................................................
174
II.
TAX
LIABILITY
............................................................................................................................
175
III.
COMPETENCES
.........................................................................................................................
176
CHAPTER
18
SWISS
FEDERAL
STAMP
DUTIES
.......................................................................................
178
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
178
II.
TAX
ON
THE
ISSUE
OF
SECURITIES
.............................................................................................
179
III.
TAX
ON
TURNOVER
....................................................................................................................
179
IV.
TAX
ON
INSURANCE
PREMIUMS
...............................................................................................
181
CHAPTER
19
FISCAL
CRIMINAL
LAW
.....................................................................................................
182
I.
CRIMINAL
OFFENSES
................................................................................................................
182
II.
TAX
EVASION
............................................................................................................................
182
III.
TAX
FRAUD
...............................................................................................................................
183
IV.
VOLUNTARY
DISCLOSURE
AND
RESPONSIBILITY
...........................................................................
183
CHAPTER
20
MUTUAL
LEGAL
AND
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
............
185
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
185
II.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
........................................................................
186
A.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
186
B.
ABANDONING
FISCAL
RESERVATION
......................................................................................
187
C.
SCHENGEN
ACCESSION
........................................................................................................
187
D.
EU
ANTI-FRAUD
TREATY
....................................................................................................
188
XVI
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
E.
OTHER
BILATERAL
AND
MULTILATERAL
AGREEMENTS
CONCERNING
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
...
189
F.
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
....................................................
189
G.
REPEAL
OF
THE
SAVINGS
TAX
DIRECTIVE
AND
REVISION
OF
THE
MUTUAL
ASSISTANCE
DIREC
TIVE
...............................................................................................................................
189
H.
COUNCIL
OF
EUROPE
AND
OECD
CONVENTION
ON
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
TAX
MATTERS
................................................................................................................
190
I.
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
UPON
REQUEST
.......................................................................
191
J.
AUTOMATIC
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
............................................................................
191
K.
SPONTANEOUS
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
........................................................................
192
PART
IV
DUE
DILIGENCE
LAW,
CRIMINAL
LAW
AND
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
LAW
CHAPTER
21
DUE
DILIGENCE
LAW
......................................................................................................
193
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
..................................................................................................................
194
II.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
..........................................................................................................
197
III. SCOPE
OF
DUE
DILIGENCE
.........................................................................................................
199
A.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
199
B.
IDENTITY
OF
THE
CONTRACTING
PARTY
..................................................................................
202
C.
IDENTITY
OF
THE
BENEFICIAL
OWNER
...................................................................................
203
D.
BUSINESS
PROFILE
...............................................................................................................
205
E.
RISK-APPROPRIATE
MONITORING
OF
THE
BUSINESS
RELATIONSHIP
.......................................
205
F.
RISK-BASED
APPROACH
......................................................................................................
206
G.
SIMPLIFIED
DUE
DILIGENCE
................................................................................................
207
H.
ENHANCED
DUE
DILIGENCE
.................................................................................................
208
IV.
OBLIGATION
TO
REPORT
TO
THE
FIU
.........................................................................................
209
V.
INTERNAL
ORGANIZATION
...........................................................................................................
211
A.
DUE
DILIGENCE
FILES
..........................................................................................................
211
B.
INTERNAL
ORGANIZATION
.....................................................................................................
212
VI.
SUPERVISION
AND
CONTROL
....................................................................................................
213
A.
RISK-BASED
SUPERVISION
..................................................................................................
213
B.
INSPECTIONS
.......................................................................................................................
214
C.
SUPERVISORY
MEASURES
.....................................................................................................
215
D.
WHISTLEBLOWING
...............................................................................................................
216
E.
PUBLICATION
OF
DECISIONS
.................................................................................................
217
F.
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
..............................................................................................
217
G.
PENAL
PROVISIONS
..............................................................................................................
218
VII.
NATIONAL
RISK
ANALYSIS
......................................................................................................
219
VIII.
ACT
ON
THE
REGISTER
OF
BENEFICIAL
OWNERS
OF
DOMESTIC
LEGAL
ENTITIES
......................
220
CHAPTER
22
ECONOMIC
CRIME
LAW
.................................................................................................
225
I.
SUBSTANTIVE
CRIMINAL
LAW
...................................................................................................
225
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...............................................................................................................
225
B.
CONFISCATION,
FORFEITURE,
EXTENDED
FORFEITURE,
AND
DEPRIVATION
ORDERS
....................
226
C.
CRIMINAL
LIABILITY
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
................................................................................
228
D.
OFFENSES
AGAINST
THE
PROPERTY
OF
ANOTHER
PERSON
......................................................
228
E.
MONEY
LAUNDERING,
ORGANIZED
CRIME,
AND
TERRORIST
FINANCING
..................................
229
F.
CONFIDENTIALITY
................................................................................................................
232
II.
CRIMINAL
PROCEDURE
LAW
....................................................................................................
233
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...............................................................................................................
233
B.
CONVICTION
AND
APPEALS
.................................................................................................
237
CHAPTER
23
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CRIMINAL
MATTERS
.........................................................
238
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XVII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
238
II.
EXTRADITION
.............................................................................................................................
239
III.
ACTS
OF
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
FOR
FOREIGN
AUTHORITIES
................................................................
240
A.
LEGAL
BASES
........................................................................................................................
240
B.
PRINCIPLES
OF
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CRIMINAL
MATTERS
.........................................
241
C.
PROCEEDINGS
......................................................................................................................
242
D.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
WITH
THE
USA
.........................................................................
244
E.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
WITH
THE
EU
AND
ITS
MEMBER
STATES
...................................
245
IV.
INTERNATIONAL
SANCTIONS
........................................................................................................
245
PARTV
FINANCIAL
MARKET
LAW
CHAPTER
24
INTEGRATED
FINANCIAL
MARKET
SUPERVISION
.............................................................
247
I.
LIECHTENSTEIN
FINANCIAL
MARKET
SUPERVISION
.....................................................................
247
II.
FINANCIAL
STABILITY
COMMITTEE
............................................................................................
249
III.
EFTA
SURVEILLANCE
AUTHORITY
AND
THE
EUROPEAN
SYSTEM
OF
FINANCIAL
SUPERVISION
(ESFS)
.....................................................................................................................................
250
IV.
FINANCIAL
INTELLIGENCE
UNIT
..................................................................................................
251
CHAPTER
25
BANKG
AND
INVESTMENT
FIRMS
..................................................................................
253
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
253
II.
AUTHORITIES
AND
SUPERVISORY
LAW
........................................................................................
255
III.
INVESTOR
PROTECTION
...............................................................................................................
257
IV.
BANKING
SECRECY
.....................................................................................................................
258
V.
FREEDOM
OF
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
SERVICES
WITHIN
THE
EEA
.............
259
CHAPTER
26
ELECTRONIC
MONEY
INSTITUTIONS
AND
PAYMENT
INSTITUTIONS
................................
261
I.
ELECTRONIC
MONEY
INSTITUTIONS
............................................................................................
261
II.
PAYMENT
INSTITUTIONS
............................................................................................................
262
CHAPTER
27
FUND
LAW
......................................................................................................................
263
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
263
II.
SUPERVISION
............................................................................................................................
264
III.
UCITSG
.................................................................................................................................
265
IV.
AIFMG
...................................................................................................................................
268
V.
IUG
.........................................................................................................................................
273
CHAPTER
28
INSURANCE
LAW
..............................................................................................................
276
I.
GENERAL
...................................................................................................................................
276
A.
LEGAL
PRINCIPLES
................................................................................................................
276
B.
TYPES
OF
INSURANCE
..........................................................................................................
278
II.
INSURANCE
SUPERVISORY
LAW
...................................................................................................
279
A.
DUE
DILIGENCE
...................................................................................................................
279
B.
LICENSING
...........................................................................................................................
280
C.
ONGOING
SUPERVISION
......................................................................................................
282
D.
SOLVENCY
II
DIRECTIVE
......................................................................................................
283
E.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
INSURANCE
PORTFOLIO
...............................................................................
284
F.
LIECHTENSTEIN
INSURANCE
UNDERTAKINGS
ABROAD
............................................................
284
G.
LIECHTENSTEIN
ACTIVITIES
OF
FOREIGN
INSURANCE
UNDERTAKINGS
........................................
285
III.
INSURANCE
DISTRIBUTION
..........................................................................................................
286
A.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
286
B.
BUSINESS
SECRECY
..............................................................................................................
288
IV.
INSURANCE
CONTRACT
LAW
........................................................................................................
288
XVIII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...............................................................................................................
288
B.
SPECIAL
FEATURES
OF
LIFE
INSURANCE
..................................................................................
290
C.
INTERNATIONAL
INSURANCE
CONTRACT
LAW
...........................................................................
291
CHAPTER
29
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
COMPANIES
................................................................................
292
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
292
II.
AUTHORITIES
AND
SUPERVISION
.............................................................................................
294
III.
INVESTOR
PROTECTION,
DUTY
OF
SECRECY
..................................................................................
297
IV.
CROSS-BORDER
ACTIVITY,
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
................................................
299
CHAPTER
30
CAPITAL
MARKET
LAW
....................................................................................................
301
I.
TRADING
VENUE
LIECHTENSTEIN
-
STOCK
EXCHANGE
LAW
.....................................................
301
II.
PROSPECTUS
LAW
......................................................................................................................
303
III.
DISCLOSURE
LAW
.......................................................................................................................
305
A.
TRANSPARENCY
REQUIREMENTS
IMPOSED
UPON
ISSUERS
...................................................
305
B.
INFORMATION
ABOUT
MAJOR
HOLDINGS
..............................................................................
306
C.
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
..............................................................................................
307
IV.
TAKEOVER
LAW
.........................................................................................................................
308
V.
MARKET
ABUSE
LAW
.................................................................................................................
310
A.
CURRENT
LAW
.....................................................................................................................
310
B.
FUTURE
LEGAL
DEVELOPMENTS
.............................................................................................
313
CHAPTER
31
BLOCKCHAIN
...................................................................................................................
314
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
314
II.
TOKEN
.....................................................................................................................................
315
A.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
315
B.
CIVIL
LAW
ISSUES
................................................................................................................
316
1.
BASIC
MODEL
................................................................................................................
317
2.
POWER
OF
DISPOSAL
INSTEAD
OF
POSSESSION,
AND
RIGHT
OF
DISPOSAL
INSTEAD
OF
OWN
ERSHIP
......................................................................................................................
317
3.
DEPARTURE
FROM
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
CAUSALITY
.............................................................
318
III.
CONCLUSION
............................................................................................................................
319
PART
VI
ASPECTS
OF
CIVIL
LAW
CHAPTER
32
LAW
OF
OBLIGATIONS
.....................................................................................................
321
I.
LAW
OF
CONTRACTS
.................................................................................................................
322
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...............................................................................................................
322
B.
DEFAULT
..............................................................................................................................
323
C.
WARRANTY
..........................................................................................................................
324
D.
SELECTED
TYPES
OF
CONTRACTS
..............................................................................................
326
1.
SALES
CONTRACT
.............................................................................................................
326
2.
EXCURSUS:
UN
SALES
CONVENTION
..............................................................................
327
3.
MANDATE
......................................................................................................................
327
4.
FIDUCIARY
CONTRACT
.....................................................................................................
328
5.
CONTRACT
FOR
WORK
AND
SERVICES
.................................................................................
329
6.
EMPLOYMENT
CONTRACT
...............................................................................................
329
7.
CONTRACT
OF
DONATION
................................................................................................
332
8.
CREDIT
TRANSACTIONS
....................................................................................................
332
9.
SURETYSHIP
AND
GUARANTEE
AGREEMENT
.......................................................................
333
10.
GUARANTEE
.................................................................................................................
333
II.
LAW
OF
DAMAGES
.................................................................................................................
334
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XIX
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
................................................................................................................
334
B.
FAULT
LIABILITY
....................................................................................................................
334
C.
OTHER
FORMS
OF
LIABILITY
..................................................................................................
336
D.
LIMITATION
.........................................................................................................................
337
III.
CONSUMER
PROTECTION
LAW
..................................................................................................
337
CHAPTER
33
LAW
OF
PROPERTY
..........................................................................................................
342
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
342
II.
OWNERSHIP
...........................................................................................................................
343
A.
IMMOVABLE
PROPERTY
.......................................................................................................
343
B.
MOVABLE
PROPERTY
............................................................................................................
344
C.
JOINT
OWNERSHIP
...............................................................................................................
345
III.
LIMITED
RIGHTS
IN
REM
...........................................................................................................
346
A.
EASEMENTS
AND
SERVITUDES
..............................................................................................
346
B.
REAL
BURDENS
....................................................................................................................
348
C.
LIENS
..................................................................................................................................
348
D.
FINANCIAL
COLLATERAL
ARRANGEMENTS
.................................................................................
353
IV.
POSSESSION
AND
LAND
REGISTER
...............................................................................................
354
A.
POSSESSION
.........................................................................................................................
354
B.
LAND
REGISTER
....................................................................................................................
355
CHAPTER
34
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
AND
FAMILY
LAW
........................................................
358
I.
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
..............................................................................................
358
II.
MATRIMONIAL
LAW
.................................................................................................................
360
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
................................................................................................................
360
B.
DISSOLUTION
OF
MARRIAGE
.................................................................................................
361
III.
LAW
OF
PARENTS
AND
CHILDREN
...............................................................................................
363
A.
CUSTODY
AND
MAINTENANCE
.............................................................................................
363
B.
ESTABLISHMENT
OF
THE
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
PARENTS
AND
CHILD
AND
SIMILAR
CONNEC
TIONS
.............................................................................................................................
364
IV.
GUARDIANSHIP,
CUSTODIAL
GUARDIANSHIP,
AND
APPOINTMENT
OF
AN
ADMINISTRATOR
...........
365
CHAPTER
35
LAW
OF
SUCCESSION
.......................................................................................................
367
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
...................................................................................................................
367
II.
HEREDITARY
TITLES
....................................................................................................................
368
A.
CONTRACT
OF
INHERITANCE
..................................................................................................
368
B.
LAST
WILL
AND
TESTAMENT
..................................................................................................
369
C.
BEQUEST
(LEGACY)
...............................................................................................................
371
D.
SUCCESSION
ACCORDING
TO
THE
LAW
(INTESTATE
SUCCESSION)
.............................................
371
III.
RIGHT
TO
A
COMPULSORY
PORTION
...........................................................................................
372
IV.
DISINHERITANCE
.......................................................................................................................
374
V.
RENUNCIATION
OF
FUTURE
INHERITANCE
....................................................................................
374
VI.
ACQUISITION
OF
THE
ESTATE
...................................................................................................
374
CHAPTER
36
COMMERCIAL
LAW
.........................................................................................................
376
CHAPTER
37
COMPETITION
LAW
........................................................................................................
380
PART
VII
PRIVATE
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
CHAPTER
38
PIL
-
GENERAL
PART
.....................................................................................................
383
CHAPTER
39
PIL
-
SPECIAL
PART
.......................................................................................................
387
XX
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
I.
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
..............................................................................................
387
II.
FAMILY
LAW
.............................................................................................................................
387
III.
LAW
OF
PROPERTY
.....................................................................................................................
388
IV.
LAW
OF
CONTRACTS
....................................................................................................................
389
V.
LAW
OF
NON-CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS
AND
LAW
OF
AVOIDANCE
.............................................
390
CHAPTER
40
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
OF
SUCCESSION
..............................................................................
392
PART
VIII
LAW
OF
CIVIL
PROCEDURE
CHAPTER
41
CIVIL
PROCEEDINGS
........................................................................................................
395
I.
CONTENTIOUS
CIVIL
PROCEEDINGS
..........................................................................................
395
II.
NON-CONTENTIOUS
PROCEEDINGS
..........................................................................................
399
III.
MISCELLANEOUS
......................................................................................................................
401
A.
PAYMENT
OF
THE
COSTS
INCURRED
IN
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
..................................................
401
B.
LEGAL
AID
...........................................................................................................................
401
C.
SECURITY
FOR
LEGAL
COSTS
...................................................................................................
402
D.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
403
CHAPTER
42
LAW
OF
EXECUTION
........................................................................................................
404
I.
COMPULSORY
ENFORCEMENT
IN
THE
NARROW
SENSE
.............................................................
404
A.
ENFORCEABLE
INSTRUMENT
..................................................................................................
404
B.
EXECUTION
PROCEEDINGS
...................................................................................................
405
C.
MEANS
OF
EXECUTION
........................................................................................................
406
II.
TEMPORARY
INJUNCTIONS
......................................................................................................
408
CHAPTER
43
INSOLVENCY
LAW
............................................................................................................
411
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
412
A.
INSOLVENCY
LAW
REFORM
...................................................................................................
412
B.
ADDITIONAL
LEGAL
BASES
.....................................................................................................
413
C.
INSOLVENCY
CAPABILITY
......................................................................................................
414
D.
INTERNATIONAL
INSOLVENCY
LAW
.........................................................................................
414
II.
INSTITUTION
AND
EFFECTS
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
...........................................................
415
A.
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
INSTITUTION
.........................................................................................
415
B.
DECISION
ON
THE
OPENING
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
AND
CONTESTABILITY
.................
417
C.
LEGAL
EFFECTS
OF
INSTITUTING
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
....................................................
418
D.
CLAIMS
IN
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
................................................................................
419
III.
CONDUCT
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
...................................................................................
420
A.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
.......................................................................
420
B.
CONTINUATION
OR
CLOSURE
OF
THE
ENTERPRISE
..................................................................
420
C.
AVOIDANCE
........................................................................................................................
421
D.
ADMINISTRATION
AND
REALIZATION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
..........................................
422
E.
DISTRIBUTION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
..........................................................................
422
IV.
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
................................................................................................................
423
A.
REQUIREMENTS
OF
A
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
..........................................................................
423
B.
FURTHER
PROCEEDINGS
.......................................................................................................
424
C.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
LEGALLY
CONFIRMED
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
...................................................
425
D.
DEFAULT
IN
IMPLEMENTING
THE
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
........................................................
425
E.
NULLITY
AND
DECLARATION
OF
INEFFECTIVENESS
OF
THE
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.......................
425
V.
RESTRUCTURING
PROCEEDINGS
..................................................................................................
426
A.
SCOPE
.................................................................................................................................
426
B.
SELF-ADMINISTRATION
.........................................................................................................
426
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XXI
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
VI.
SPECIAL
PROVISIONS
FOR
NATURAL
PERSONS
..............................................................................
427
A.
OVERVIEW
...........................................................................................................................
427
B.
DEBT
SETTLEMENT
PROCEDURE
.............................................................................................
428
C.
EXISTING
CLAIMS
OF
SECURED
CREDITORS
AND
CLAIMS
FOR
SEPARATION
AND
RECOVERY
OF
INCOME
FROM
AN
EMPLOYMENT
RELATIONSHIP
OR
OTHER
RECURRING
BENEFITS
WITH
AN
INCOME
REPLACEMENT
FUNCTION
........................................................................................
428
D.
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
...........................................................................................................
429
E.
PAYMENT
PLAN
...................................................................................................................
429
F.
PROCEEDINGS
FOR
A
LEVY
ON
INCOME
..................................................................................
429
CHAPTER
44
ARBITRATION
...................................................................................................................
432
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
....................................................................................................................
433
II.
AMENDMENT
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
ARBITRATION
LAW
..................................................................
433
III.
LIECHTENSTEIN
S
ACCESSION
TO
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.................................................
433
IV.
PRINCIPLES
OF
ARBITRATION
LAW
................................................................................................
434
V.
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
..........................................................................................................
434
VI.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
DISPUTES
.......................................................................................................
434
VII.
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
AND
PRINCIPLES
OF
ARBITRATION
...............................
435
VIII.
THE
ROLE
OF
THE
ORDINARY
COURT
IN
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
...........................................
436
IX.
PRIORITY
OF
THE
AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE
PARTIES
.................................................................
436
X.
END
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS,
AWARD
AND
REMEDIES
..............................................
437
XL
RECOGNITION
AND
DECLARATION
OF
ENFORCEABILITY
OF
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
..................
437
XII.
CONSUMER
DISPUTES
AND
LABOR
DISPUTES
............................................................................
438
XIII.
THE
LIECHTENSTEIN
RULES
.......................................................................................................
438
XIV.
OUTLOOK
AND
CONCLUSIONS
.....................................................................................................
440
CHAPTER
45
INTERNATIONAL
CIVIL
PROCEDURE
LAW
...........................................................................
441
I.
INTERNATIONAL
JURISDICTION
....................................................................................................
441
II.
INTERNATIONAL
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CIVIL
MATTERS
....................................................
444
III.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
COURT
DECISIONS
.............................................
445
PART
IX
OTHER
AREAS
OF
LAW
CHAPTER
46
ATTORNEYS
PROFESSIONAL
CODE
..................................................................................
449
I.
REQUIREMENTS
........................................................................................................................
449
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
................................................................................................................
449
B.
LIECHTENSTEIN
ATTORNEYS
...................................................................................................
450
C.
ESTABLISHED
EUROPEAN
ATTORNEYS
....................................................................................
451
D.
EUROPEAN
ATTORNEYS
PROVIDING
SERVICES
AND
REPRESENTATIVES
IN
INDIVIDUAL
CASES
.
.
.
452
II.
LAW
FIRMS
..............................................................................................................................
452
III.
PRACTICING
LAW
........................................................................................................................
453
A.
RIGHTS
AND
DUTIES
.............................................................................................................
453
B.
ATTORNEY-CLIENT
PRIVILEGE
................................................................................................
454
C.
DISCIPLINARY
LAW
...............................................................................................................
455
D.
OFFICIAL
ATTORNEYS
FEES
....................................................................................................
456
E.
LEGAL
AID
AND
COURT-APPOINTED
DEFENSE
........................................................................
456
IV.
LIECHTENSTEIN
CHAMBER
OF
LAWYERS
....................................................................................
457
V.
EXCURSUS:
FIDUCIARIES
............................................................................................................
457
CHAPTER
47
LAW
OF
INDUSTRIAL
OR
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
............................................................
460
I.
PATENTS
...................................................................................................................................
460
A.
PATENT
PROTECTION
TREATY
WITH
SWITZERLAND
.................................................................
460
XXII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
SUBSTANTIVE
PATENT
LAW
....................................................................................................
461
II.
TRADEMARKS
AND
INDICATIONS
OF
SOURCE
..............................................................................
462
A.
TRADEMARKS
......................................................................................................................
462
B.
INDICATIONS
OF
SOURCE
......................................................................................................
463
C.
LEGAL
PROTECTION
...............................................................................................................
464
III.
DESIGNS
...................................................................................................................................
464
IV.
COPYRIGHTS
AND
RELATED
NEIGHBORING
RIGHTS
.......................................................................
465
CHAPTER
48
LAW
ON
REAL
ESTATE
TRANSACTIONS
..............................................................................
467
CHAPTER
49
NATIONALITY
LAW
...........................................................................................................
469
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
469
II.
ACQUISITION
............................................................................................................................
470
III.
ACQUISITION
THROUGH
FACILITATED
PROCEDURE
........................................................................
470
IV.
ACQUISITION
THROUGH
REGULAR
PROCEDURE
.............................................................................
471
V.
FORFEITURE
...............................................................................................................................
471
CHAPTER
50
LAW
ON
FOREIGN
NATIONALS
.........................................................................................
473
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.....................................................................................................................
473
II.
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
.......................................................................................................
474
III.
EEA
NATIONALS
AND
SWISS
NATIONALS
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
.........................................
475
IV.
THIRD-PARTY
NATIONALS
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
................................................................
477
V.
CONFIRMATION
OF
REGISTRATION
OF
CROSS-BORDER
COMMUTER
ACTIVITY
AND
CROSS-BORDER
PROVISION
OF
SERVICES
.............................................................................................................
478
CHAPTER
51
DATA
PROTECTION
LAW
...................................................................................................
480
I.
FUNDAMENTALS
&
HISTORIC
DEVELOPMENT
.............................................................................
480
II.
GENERAL
PROVISIONS
................................................................................................................
482
III.
PRINCIPLES
OF
THE
GDPR
.......................................................................................................
483
IV.
CONTROLLER
AND
PROCESSOR
.....................................................................................................
483
V.
DATA
PROTECTION
OFFICER
.........................................................................................................
484
VI.
RECORDS
................................................................................................................................
485
VII.
DATA
PROTECTION
IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
.................................................................................
485
VIII.
LAWFULNESS
OF
PROCESSING
...................................................................................................
486
IX.
PROCESSING
OF
SPECIAL
CATEGORIES
OF
PERSONAL
DATA
............................................................
487
X.
RIGHTS
OF
DATA
SUBJECTS
.........................................................................................................
487
A.
CONTROLLER
S
DUTIES
TO
PROVIDE
INFORMATION
.................................................................
489
B.
RIGHTS
OF
DATA
SUBJECTS
...................................................................................................
490
XL
TRANSFER
OF
PERSONAL
DATA
TO
THIRD
COUNTRIES
OR
INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
................
491
XII.
VIDEO
SURVEILLANCE
...............................................................................................................
492
XIIL
COMPETENT
OR
LEAD
SUPERVISORY
AUTHORITIES
.....................................................................
492
XIV.
REMEDIES,
LIABILITIES
AND
PENALTIES
....................................................................................
493
CHAPTER
52
NOTARIES
........................................................................................................................
494
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
....................................................................................................................
494
II.
PROFESSIONAL
LICENSE
.............................................................................................................
495
III.
GENERAL
RIGHTS
AND
DUTIES
....................................................................................................
495
IV.
NOTARIAL
SERVICES
....................................................................................................................
496
A.
GENERAL
.............................................................................................................................
496
B.
AUTHENTICATIONS
...............................................................................................................
496
C.
CERTIFICATIONS
....................................................................................................................
497
LEGAL
TERMS
AND
PHRASES
..................................................................................................................
499
I.
ENGLISH
=
GERMAN
................................................................................................................
499
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XXIII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
II.
GERMAN
=
ENGLISH
.................................................................................................................
522
INDEX
......................................................................................................................................................
545
XXIV
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
|
| adam_txt |
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
PREFACE
TO
THE
ENGLISH
EDITION
.
V
A
NOTE
ON
THE
ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
.
IX
LIST
OF
AUTHORS
.
XXV
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
.
XXVII
SYSTEMATIC
COLLECTION
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
LAWS
.
XLI
PART
I
FUNDAMENTALS
CHAPTER
1
WORKING
WITH
LIECHTENSTEIN
LAW
.
1
I.
LAWS
.
1
A.
CHRONOLOGICAL
AND
SYSTEMATIC
COLLECTION
(LILEX)
.
1
B.
OFFICIAL
GAZETTE
.
2
C.
EUROPEAN
LAW
.
2
D.
SWISS
LAW
.
3
E.
LEGAL
MATERIALS
.
3
II.
COURTS
AND
ADMINISTRATION
.
4
III.
REFERENCES
.
5
CHAPTER
2
CONSTITUTIONAL
PRINCIPLES
.
6
I.
POLITICAL
HISTORY
.
6
II.
THE
NATIONAL
CONSTITUTION
.
7
III.
GOVERNMENT
BODIES
.
7
A.
THE
REIGNING
PRINCE
.
7
B.
PARLIAMENT
.
8
C.
PARTICIPATION
OF
THE
PEOPLE
.
9
D.
GOVERNMENT
.
9
E.
COURTS
.
10
IV.
FOREIGN
POLICY
.
11
V.
RELATIONS
WITH
SWITZERLAND
.
12
VI.
KEY
STATISTICAL
DATA
.
13
CHAPTER
3
LIECHTENSTEIN
AND
THE
EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC
AREA
.
15
I.
DEVELOPMENT
.
16
A.
BREXIT
.
17
B.
EFTA
(EUROPEAN
FREE
TRADE
ASSOCIATION)
.
17
II.
SUBSTANTIVE
SCOPE
OF
THE
EEA
AGREEMENT
.
18
A.
EEA
MATTERS
.
18
B.
EEA
ACQUIS
.
18
C.
AREAS
NOT
REGULATED
.
19
III.
THE
FOUR
FUNDAMENTAL
FREEDOMS
.
19
A.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
GOODS
.
19
B.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
PERSONS
.
20
C.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
SERVICES
.
21
D.
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
CAPITAL
.
21
IV.
COMPETITION
LAW
AND
PROHIBITION
OF
STATE
AID
.
22
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XI
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
SUBSTANTIVE
NORMS
.
22
B.
REGULATORY
COMPETENCE
.
22
V.
INSTITUTIONS
OF
THE
EEA
.
23
A.
EEA/EFTA
INSTITUTIONS
.
23
B.
JOINT
INSTITUTIONS
.
24
C.
LIECHTENSTEIN
AUTHORITIES
.
25
D.
SPECIAL
CASE:
EUROPEAN
FINANCIAL
SUPERVISORY
AUTHORITIES
.
26
VI.
SCHENGEN
AND
DUBLIN
.
26
CHAPTER
4
HISTORY
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
PRIVATE
LAW
.
28
I.
UNTIL
1900
.
28
II.
FROM
1900
TO
1990
.
29
III.
SINCE
1990
.
30
PART
II
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
CHAPTER
5
GENERAL
ASPECTS
OF
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
.
33
I.
HISTORY
OF
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
.
33
A.
PRIOR
TO
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
1926
.
33
B.
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
OF
1926
.
34
II.
THE
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
ACT
.
36
A.
STRUCTURE
.
36
B.
UNDERLYING
LEGAL
SYSTEMS
.
38
C.
EXCURSUS:
THE
BUSINESS
ACT
.
39
III.
TAXATION
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
AND
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
STRUCTURES
.
40
A.
DEFINITION
.
40
B.
PERSONS
ACCORDING
TO
THE
180
A
ACT
.
41
C.
CREATION
OF
LEGAL
NAMES,
ACCOUNTING,
AND
ANNOUNCEMENTS
.
41
IV.
THE
COMMERCIAL
REGISTER
.
42
A.
REGISTER
LAW
.
42
B.
THE
OFFICE
OF
JUSTICE
.
43
C.
REGISTER
FEES
.
43
CHAPTER
6
LIMITED
LIABILITY
COMPANY
(GMBH)
.
44
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
44
II.
TERM
AND
ORIGIN
.
44
III.
CHANGES
EFFECTIVE
FROM
1
JANUARY
2017
.
45
A.
SIMPLIFIED
FORMATION
.
45
B.
REDUCTION
OF
THE
MINIMUM
EQUITY
CAPITAL
.
45
C.
NO
MORE
MEMBER
'
S
LIABILITY
.
46
D.
TRANSFERABILITY
OF
EQUITY
CAPITAL
CONTRIBUTIONS
.
47
IV.
CONCLUSION
.
48
CHAPTER
7
THE
PUBLIC
COMPANY
LIMITED
BY
SHARES
.
49
I.
DEFINITION
.
50
II.
FORMATION
.
50
A.
SIMULTANEOUS
FORMATION
.
51
B.
SUCCESSIVE
FORMATION
.
51
III.
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
.
51
IV.
REGISTRATION
OF
THE
AG
.
52
V.
SHARES
.
54
A.
TYPES
OF
SHARES
.
54
XII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
ACQUISITION
OF
OWN
SHARES
.
56
VI.
RESTRICTIONS
ON
TRANSFERABILITY
AND
SHAREHOLDER
AGREEMENTS
(ABV)
.
57
A.
RESTRICTIONS
ON
TRANSFERABILITY
.
57
B.
SHAREHOLDER
AGREEMENTS
.
57
VII.
SHARE
CAPITAL
.
59
A.
MINIMUM
CAPITAL
.
59
B.
CAPITAL
INCREASE
.
59
C.
CAPITAL
REDUCTION
.
60
D.
SUBSCRIPTION
RIGHT
.
60
VIII.
LIABILITY
AND
RESPONSIBILITY
.
61
IX.
ORGANIZATION
OF
THE
AG
.
62
A.
GENERAL
MEETING
.
62
B.
BOARD
OF
DIRECTORS
.
64
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
.
65
D.
OTHER
BODIES
.
66
E.
REPRESENTATIVE
.
66
X.
BRANCHES
.
66
XI.
ACCOUNTING
.
67
A.
FINANCIAL
STATEMENT
.
68
B.
BUSINESS
REPORT
.
68
C.
INTERNATIONAL
ACCOUNTING
STANDARDS
.
69
D.
DISCLOSURE
.
69
XII.
REORGANIZATIONS
.
70
A.
MERGER
.
70
B.
DIVISION
.
72
C.
CONVERSION
.
72
XIII.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
AG
.
72
CHAPTER
8
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
.
74
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
74
II.
PUBLIC-BENEFIT
ESTABLISHMENTS
.
75
III.
FORMATION
.
76
IV.
LIABILITY,
RESPONSIBILITY,
AND
COMPULSORY
ENFORCEMENT
.
79
A.
DEBTS
OF
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
CHALLENGE
.
79
B.
DOUBLE
BENEFICIARY
PRIVILEGE
.
79
C.
RESPONSIBILITY
OF
THE
BODIES
.
80
V.
ORGANIZATION
OF
AND
PARTICIPANTS
IN
AN
ESTABLISHMENT
.
80
A.
SUPREME
BODY
-
BEARER(S)
OF
FOUNDER
'
S
RIGHTS
.
80
B.
BOARD
OF
DIRECTORS
.
82
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
.
83
D.
OTHER
BODIES
.
83
E.
REPRESENTATIVE
.
84
F.
BENEFICIARIES
.
84
VI.
ACCOUNTING
.
84
A.
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.
84
B.
NO
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.
85
VII.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ESTABLISHMENT
.
85
A.
CLAIMS
BY
AND
AGAINST
REMOVED
ESTABLISHMENTS
.
86
B.
CONVERSION
.
86
CHAPTER
9
THE
FOUNDATION
.
87
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
89
A.
DEFINITION
.
89
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XIII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
TOTAL
REVISION
OF
FOUNDATION
LAW
IN
2009
.
89
II.
FORMS
(FOUNDATION
PURPOSE)
.
91
III.
FORMATION
.
92
A.
DECLARATION
OF
FOUNDATION
.
92
B.
FOUNDATION
DOCUMENTS
.
94
C.
ENTRY
IN
THE
REGISTER
.
95
D.
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
NOTIFICATION
OF
FORMATION
.
96
IV.
FOUNDER
AND
FOUNDER
'
S
RIGHTS
.
98
A.
RIGHT
OF
REVOCATION
.
98
B.
RIGHT
TO
MAKE
AMENDMENTS
.
99
C.
CONSEQUENCES
OF
GRANTING
FOUNDER
'
S
RIGHTS
.
99
D.
MANDATE
AGREEMENTS
.
100
V.
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
.
101
A.
COMPOSITION
AND
TASKS
.
101
B.
RIGHTS
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
.
102
C.
LIABILITY
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
COUNCIL
.
103
VI.
THE
AUDIT
OFFICE
.
103
VII.
THE
CONTROLLING
BODY
AND
OTHER
BODIES
.
104
A.
CONTROLLING
BODY
.
104
B.
OTHER
BODIES
.
105
VIII.
THE
REPRESENTATIVE
.
106
IX.
THE
BENEFICIARIES
.
106
A.
CLASSIFICATION
.
106
B.
RIGHTS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
.
108
X.
FOUNDATION
GOVERNANCE
.
109
A.
PUBLIC-BENEFIT
FOUNDATIONS
.
109
B.
PRIVATE-BENEFIT
FOUNDATIONS
.
110
XI.
FOUNDATION
AND
RIGHT
OF
INHERITANCE
.
110
XII.
FOUNDATION
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
.
ILL
A.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
FOUNDATION
.
112
B.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
FOUNDER
.
112
C.
CREDITORS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
.
112
D.
PRIVATE
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
.
113
E.
SEGMENTED
FOUNDATION
(PCC)
.
113
XIII.
ACCOUNTING
.
113
XIV.
TAXES
AND
FEES
.
114
XV.
TERMINATION
.
114
A.
DISSOLUTION
.
114
B.
LIQUIDATION
.
115
C.
REMOVAL
.
115
D.
TERMINATION
WITHOUT
DISSOLUTION
AND
LIQUIDATION
.
116
E.
ASSERTION
OF
CLAIMS
AGAINST
OR
BY
A
TERMINATED
FOUNDATION
.
116
XVI.
TRANSITIONAL
PROVISIONS
.
116
A.
PRINCIPLE
AND
LIMITATIONS
.
116
B.
RECOVERY
OF
LEGACY
FOUNDATIONS
.
117
CHAPTER
10
THE
TRUST
.
119
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
120
II.
TRUST
FORMATION
.
121
A.
TRUST
DEED
.
121
B.
ENTRY
IN
THE
COMMERCIAL
REGISTER
OR
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
NOTIFICATION
OF
FORMATION
.
122
III.
TRUST
PARTICIPANTS
.
123
A.
SETTLOR
.
123
XIV
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
TRUSTEE
.
124
C.
BENEFICIARIES
.
126
IV.
TRUST
ASSETS
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
.
127
A.
SCOPE
.
127
B.
CREDITOR
ACCESS
TO
THE
TRUST
ASSETS
-
ASSET
PROTECTION
.
127
1.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
TRUSTEE
.
127
2.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
SETTLOR
.
128
3.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
BENEFICIARY
.
128
4.
CREDITORS
OF
THE
TRUST
ASSETS
.
128
V.
TRUST
SUPERVISION
.
129
VI.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
TRUST
.
129
VII.
INTERNATIONAL
TRUST
LAW
.
131
CHAPTER
11
THE
TRUST
ENTERPRISE
(TRUST
REG.)
.
132
I.
DEFINITION
AND
LEGAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
132
II.
FORMATION
OF
A
TRUST
ENTERPRISE
.
133
A.
TRUST
ARTICLES
.
133
B.
REGISTER
ENTRY
AND
PUBLICATION
OBLIGATION
.
135
III.
PARTICIPANTS
.
135
A.
SETTLOR
.
136
B.
TRUSTEE
-
BOARD
OF
TRUSTEES
.
136
C.
AUDIT
OFFICE
.
137
D.
REPRESENTATIVE
.
138
IV.
BENEFICIARIES
.
138
A.
CLASSIFICATION
.
138
B.
ACQUISITION,
TRANSFER
AND
LOSS
.
139
C.
RIGHTS
OF
BENEFICIARIES
.
141
V.
LIABILITY
AND
ASSET
PROTECTION
.
142
VI.
ACCOUNTING
.
143
A.
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.
143
B.
NO
COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
.
144
VII.
TERMINATION
.
144
A.
DISSOLUTION
.
144
B.
LIQUIDATION
.
145
C.
CLAIMS
BY
AND
AGAINST
REMOVED
TRUST
ENTERPRISES
.
146
CHAPTER
12
THE
EUROPEAN
COMPANY
FORMS
.
147
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
AND
SIGNIFICANCE
.
147
II.
SOCIETAS
EUROPAEA
.
147
III.
EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC
INTEREST
GROUPING
.
149
IV.
SOCIETAS
COOPERATIVA
EUROPAEA
.
150
V.
FURTHER
DEVELOPMENTS
.
150
CHAPTER
13
INTERNATIONAL
PERSONS
AND
COMPANIES
LAW
.
151
I.
COMPANY
'
S
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
.
151
A.
LEGAL
PERSONS
.
151
B.
PARTNERSHIPS
.
152
C.
TRUSTS
.
153
II.
RECOGNITION
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
LEGAL
ENTITIES
ABROAD
.
153
A.
PUBLIC
COMPANIES
LIMITED
BY
SHARES,
LIMITED
LIABILITY
COMPANIES,
ESTABLISHMENTS,
AND
TRUST
ENTERPRISES
.
153
B.
FOUNDATIONS
.
154
C.
TRUSTS
.
155
III.
TRANSFER
OF
REGISTERED
DOMICILE
.
156
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XV
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
PART
III
TAXES
CHAPTER
14
GENERAL
ASPECTS
OF
TAX
LAW
.
159
I.
INTRODUCTION
.
159
II.
SOURCES
OF
LAW
.
159
A.
LIECHTENSTEIN
LEGAL
PROVISIONS
.
160
B.
SWISS
LEGAL
PROVISIONS
.
160
C.
DOUBLE
TAXATION
AGREEMENTS
.
161
D.
AUTOMATIC
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
AND
FATCA
.
161
CHAPTER
15
TAXATION
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
.
163
I.
PERSONAL
TAX
LIABILITY
.
163
II.
OBJECTIVE
TAX
LIABILITY
AND
TAX
RATE
.
163
III.
INTEREST
DEDUCTION
ON
EQUITY
.
165
IV.
TAXATION
AS
PRIVATE
ASSET
STRUCTURE
.
166
V.
TAXATION
OF
TRUSTS
.
168
VI.
FORMATION
TAX
.
168
VII.
TAX
ON
INSURANCE
PREMIUMS
.
169
CHAPTER
16
TAXATION
OF
NATURAL
PERSONS
.
170
I.
INCOME
AND
PROPERTY
TAX
.
170
II.
SUBJECT
OF
INCOME
TAX
.
170
III.
TAXATION
OF
HOUSEHOLDS
.
171
IV.
SUBJECT
OF
PROPERTY
TAX
.
171
V.
TRUSTS
OR
FOUNDATIONS
WITH
SETTLORS/FOUNDERS
OR
BENEFICIARIES
RESIDENT
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
171
VI.
TAX
CALCULATION
.
172
VII.
NO
INHERITANCE
OR
GIFT
TAX
.
172
VIII.
TAX
BASED
ON
EXPENDITURE
(FLAT-RATE
TAXATION)
.
173
CHAPTER
17
VALUE-ADDED
TAX
.
174
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
AND
VAT
RATE
.
174
II.
TAX
LIABILITY
.
175
III.
COMPETENCES
.
176
CHAPTER
18
SWISS
FEDERAL
STAMP
DUTIES
.
178
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
178
II.
TAX
ON
THE
ISSUE
OF
SECURITIES
.
179
III.
TAX
ON
TURNOVER
.
179
IV.
TAX
ON
INSURANCE
PREMIUMS
.
181
CHAPTER
19
FISCAL
CRIMINAL
LAW
.
182
I.
CRIMINAL
OFFENSES
.
182
II.
TAX
EVASION
.
182
III.
TAX
FRAUD
.
183
IV.
VOLUNTARY
DISCLOSURE
AND
RESPONSIBILITY
.
183
CHAPTER
20
MUTUAL
LEGAL
AND
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
.
185
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
185
II.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
.
186
A.
GENERAL
.
186
B.
ABANDONING
FISCAL
RESERVATION
.
187
C.
SCHENGEN
ACCESSION
.
187
D.
EU
ANTI-FRAUD
TREATY
.
188
XVI
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
E.
OTHER
BILATERAL
AND
MULTILATERAL
AGREEMENTS
CONCERNING
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
.
189
F.
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
FISCAL
MATTERS
.
189
G.
REPEAL
OF
THE
SAVINGS
TAX
DIRECTIVE
AND
REVISION
OF
THE
MUTUAL
ASSISTANCE
DIREC
TIVE
.
189
H.
COUNCIL
OF
EUROPE
AND
OECD
CONVENTION
ON
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
IN
TAX
MATTERS
.
190
I.
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
UPON
REQUEST
.
191
J.
AUTOMATIC
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
.
191
K.
SPONTANEOUS
EXCHANGE
OF
INFORMATION
.
192
PART
IV
DUE
DILIGENCE
LAW,
CRIMINAL
LAW
AND
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
LAW
CHAPTER
21
DUE
DILIGENCE
LAW
.
193
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
194
II.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
.
197
III. SCOPE
OF
DUE
DILIGENCE
.
199
A.
GENERAL
.
199
B.
IDENTITY
OF
THE
CONTRACTING
PARTY
.
202
C.
IDENTITY
OF
THE
BENEFICIAL
OWNER
.
203
D.
BUSINESS
PROFILE
.
205
E.
RISK-APPROPRIATE
MONITORING
OF
THE
BUSINESS
RELATIONSHIP
.
205
F.
RISK-BASED
APPROACH
.
206
G.
SIMPLIFIED
DUE
DILIGENCE
.
207
H.
ENHANCED
DUE
DILIGENCE
.
208
IV.
OBLIGATION
TO
REPORT
TO
THE
FIU
.
209
V.
INTERNAL
ORGANIZATION
.
211
A.
DUE
DILIGENCE
FILES
.
211
B.
INTERNAL
ORGANIZATION
.
212
VI.
SUPERVISION
AND
CONTROL
.
213
A.
RISK-BASED
SUPERVISION
.
213
B.
INSPECTIONS
.
214
C.
SUPERVISORY
MEASURES
.
215
D.
WHISTLEBLOWING
.
216
E.
PUBLICATION
OF
DECISIONS
.
217
F.
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
.
217
G.
PENAL
PROVISIONS
.
218
VII.
NATIONAL
RISK
ANALYSIS
.
219
VIII.
ACT
ON
THE
REGISTER
OF
BENEFICIAL
OWNERS
OF
DOMESTIC
LEGAL
ENTITIES
.
220
CHAPTER
22
ECONOMIC
CRIME
LAW
.
225
I.
SUBSTANTIVE
CRIMINAL
LAW
.
225
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
225
B.
CONFISCATION,
FORFEITURE,
EXTENDED
FORFEITURE,
AND
DEPRIVATION
ORDERS
.
226
C.
CRIMINAL
LIABILITY
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
.
228
D.
OFFENSES
AGAINST
THE
PROPERTY
OF
ANOTHER
PERSON
.
228
E.
MONEY
LAUNDERING,
ORGANIZED
CRIME,
AND
TERRORIST
FINANCING
.
229
F.
CONFIDENTIALITY
.
232
II.
CRIMINAL
PROCEDURE
LAW
.
233
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
233
B.
CONVICTION
AND
APPEALS
.
237
CHAPTER
23
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CRIMINAL
MATTERS
.
238
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XVII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
238
II.
EXTRADITION
.
239
III.
ACTS
OF
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
FOR
FOREIGN
AUTHORITIES
.
240
A.
LEGAL
BASES
.
240
B.
PRINCIPLES
OF
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CRIMINAL
MATTERS
.
241
C.
PROCEEDINGS
.
242
D.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
WITH
THE
USA
.
244
E.
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
WITH
THE
EU
AND
ITS
MEMBER
STATES
.
245
IV.
INTERNATIONAL
SANCTIONS
.
245
PARTV
FINANCIAL
MARKET
LAW
CHAPTER
24
INTEGRATED
FINANCIAL
MARKET
SUPERVISION
.
247
I.
LIECHTENSTEIN
FINANCIAL
MARKET
SUPERVISION
.
247
II.
FINANCIAL
STABILITY
COMMITTEE
.
249
III.
EFTA
SURVEILLANCE
AUTHORITY
AND
THE
EUROPEAN
SYSTEM
OF
FINANCIAL
SUPERVISION
(ESFS)
.
250
IV.
FINANCIAL
INTELLIGENCE
UNIT
.
251
CHAPTER
25
BANKG
AND
INVESTMENT
FIRMS
.
253
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
253
II.
AUTHORITIES
AND
SUPERVISORY
LAW
.
255
III.
INVESTOR
PROTECTION
.
257
IV.
BANKING
SECRECY
.
258
V.
FREEDOM
OF
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
FREE
MOVEMENT
OF
SERVICES
WITHIN
THE
EEA
.
259
CHAPTER
26
ELECTRONIC
MONEY
INSTITUTIONS
AND
PAYMENT
INSTITUTIONS
.
261
I.
ELECTRONIC
MONEY
INSTITUTIONS
.
261
II.
PAYMENT
INSTITUTIONS
.
262
CHAPTER
27
FUND
LAW
.
263
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
263
II.
SUPERVISION
.
264
III.
UCITSG
.
265
IV.
AIFMG
.
268
V.
IUG
.
273
CHAPTER
28
INSURANCE
LAW
.
276
I.
GENERAL
.
276
A.
LEGAL
PRINCIPLES
.
276
B.
TYPES
OF
INSURANCE
.
278
II.
INSURANCE
SUPERVISORY
LAW
.
279
A.
DUE
DILIGENCE
.
279
B.
LICENSING
.
280
C.
ONGOING
SUPERVISION
.
282
D.
SOLVENCY
II
DIRECTIVE
.
283
E.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
INSURANCE
PORTFOLIO
.
284
F.
LIECHTENSTEIN
INSURANCE
UNDERTAKINGS
ABROAD
.
284
G.
LIECHTENSTEIN
ACTIVITIES
OF
FOREIGN
INSURANCE
UNDERTAKINGS
.
285
III.
INSURANCE
DISTRIBUTION
.
286
A.
GENERAL
.
286
B.
BUSINESS
SECRECY
.
288
IV.
INSURANCE
CONTRACT
LAW
.
288
XVIII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
288
B.
SPECIAL
FEATURES
OF
LIFE
INSURANCE
.
290
C.
INTERNATIONAL
INSURANCE
CONTRACT
LAW
.
291
CHAPTER
29
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
COMPANIES
.
292
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
292
II.
AUTHORITIES
AND
SUPERVISION
.
294
III.
INVESTOR
PROTECTION,
DUTY
OF
SECRECY
.
297
IV.
CROSS-BORDER
ACTIVITY,
MUTUAL
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
.
299
CHAPTER
30
CAPITAL
MARKET
LAW
.
301
I.
TRADING
VENUE
LIECHTENSTEIN
-
STOCK
EXCHANGE
LAW
.
301
II.
PROSPECTUS
LAW
.
303
III.
DISCLOSURE
LAW
.
305
A.
TRANSPARENCY
REQUIREMENTS
IMPOSED
UPON
ISSUERS
.
305
B.
INFORMATION
ABOUT
MAJOR
HOLDINGS
.
306
C.
ADMINISTRATIVE
ASSISTANCE
.
307
IV.
TAKEOVER
LAW
.
308
V.
MARKET
ABUSE
LAW
.
310
A.
CURRENT
LAW
.
310
B.
FUTURE
LEGAL
DEVELOPMENTS
.
313
CHAPTER
31
BLOCKCHAIN
.
314
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
314
II.
TOKEN
.
315
A.
GENERAL
.
315
B.
CIVIL
LAW
ISSUES
.
316
1.
BASIC
MODEL
.
317
2.
POWER
OF
DISPOSAL
INSTEAD
OF
POSSESSION,
AND
RIGHT
OF
DISPOSAL
INSTEAD
OF
OWN
ERSHIP
.
317
3.
DEPARTURE
FROM
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
CAUSALITY
.
318
III.
CONCLUSION
.
319
PART
VI
ASPECTS
OF
CIVIL
LAW
CHAPTER
32
LAW
OF
OBLIGATIONS
.
321
I.
LAW
OF
CONTRACTS
.
322
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
322
B.
DEFAULT
.
323
C.
WARRANTY
.
324
D.
SELECTED
TYPES
OF
CONTRACTS
.
326
1.
SALES
CONTRACT
.
326
2.
EXCURSUS:
UN
SALES
CONVENTION
.
327
3.
MANDATE
.
327
4.
FIDUCIARY
CONTRACT
.
328
5.
CONTRACT
FOR
WORK
AND
SERVICES
.
329
6.
EMPLOYMENT
CONTRACT
.
329
7.
CONTRACT
OF
DONATION
.
332
8.
CREDIT
TRANSACTIONS
.
332
9.
SURETYSHIP
AND
GUARANTEE
AGREEMENT
.
333
10.
GUARANTEE
.
333
II.
LAW
OF
DAMAGES
.
334
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XIX
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
334
B.
FAULT
LIABILITY
.
334
C.
OTHER
FORMS
OF
LIABILITY
.
336
D.
LIMITATION
.
337
III.
CONSUMER
PROTECTION
LAW
.
337
CHAPTER
33
LAW
OF
PROPERTY
.
342
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
342
II.
OWNERSHIP
.
343
A.
IMMOVABLE
PROPERTY
.
343
B.
MOVABLE
PROPERTY
.
344
C.
JOINT
OWNERSHIP
.
345
III.
LIMITED
RIGHTS
IN
REM
.
346
A.
EASEMENTS
AND
SERVITUDES
.
346
B.
REAL
BURDENS
.
348
C.
LIENS
.
348
D.
FINANCIAL
COLLATERAL
ARRANGEMENTS
.
353
IV.
POSSESSION
AND
LAND
REGISTER
.
354
A.
POSSESSION
.
354
B.
LAND
REGISTER
.
355
CHAPTER
34
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
AND
FAMILY
LAW
.
358
I.
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
.
358
II.
MATRIMONIAL
LAW
.
360
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
360
B.
DISSOLUTION
OF
MARRIAGE
.
361
III.
LAW
OF
PARENTS
AND
CHILDREN
.
363
A.
CUSTODY
AND
MAINTENANCE
.
363
B.
ESTABLISHMENT
OF
THE
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
PARENTS
AND
CHILD
AND
SIMILAR
CONNEC
TIONS
.
364
IV.
GUARDIANSHIP,
CUSTODIAL
GUARDIANSHIP,
AND
APPOINTMENT
OF
AN
ADMINISTRATOR
.
365
CHAPTER
35
LAW
OF
SUCCESSION
.
367
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
367
II.
HEREDITARY
TITLES
.
368
A.
CONTRACT
OF
INHERITANCE
.
368
B.
LAST
WILL
AND
TESTAMENT
.
369
C.
BEQUEST
(LEGACY)
.
371
D.
SUCCESSION
ACCORDING
TO
THE
LAW
(INTESTATE
SUCCESSION)
.
371
III.
RIGHT
TO
A
COMPULSORY
PORTION
.
372
IV.
DISINHERITANCE
.
374
V.
RENUNCIATION
OF
FUTURE
INHERITANCE
.
374
VI.
ACQUISITION
OF
THE
ESTATE
.
374
CHAPTER
36
COMMERCIAL
LAW
.
376
CHAPTER
37
COMPETITION
LAW
.
380
PART
VII
PRIVATE
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
CHAPTER
38
PIL
-
GENERAL
PART
.
383
CHAPTER
39
PIL
-
SPECIAL
PART
.
387
XX
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
I.
THE
LAW
RELATING
TO
PERSONS
.
387
II.
FAMILY
LAW
.
387
III.
LAW
OF
PROPERTY
.
388
IV.
LAW
OF
CONTRACTS
.
389
V.
LAW
OF
NON-CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATIONS
AND
LAW
OF
AVOIDANCE
.
390
CHAPTER
40
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
OF
SUCCESSION
.
392
PART
VIII
LAW
OF
CIVIL
PROCEDURE
CHAPTER
41
CIVIL
PROCEEDINGS
.
395
I.
CONTENTIOUS
CIVIL
PROCEEDINGS
.
395
II.
NON-CONTENTIOUS
PROCEEDINGS
.
399
III.
MISCELLANEOUS
.
401
A.
PAYMENT
OF
THE
COSTS
INCURRED
IN
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
401
B.
LEGAL
AID
.
401
C.
SECURITY
FOR
LEGAL
COSTS
.
402
D.
GENERAL
.
403
CHAPTER
42
LAW
OF
EXECUTION
.
404
I.
COMPULSORY
ENFORCEMENT
IN
THE
NARROW
SENSE
.
404
A.
ENFORCEABLE
INSTRUMENT
.
404
B.
EXECUTION
PROCEEDINGS
.
405
C.
MEANS
OF
EXECUTION
.
406
II.
TEMPORARY
INJUNCTIONS
.
408
CHAPTER
43
INSOLVENCY
LAW
.
411
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
412
A.
INSOLVENCY
LAW
REFORM
.
412
B.
ADDITIONAL
LEGAL
BASES
.
413
C.
INSOLVENCY
CAPABILITY
.
414
D.
INTERNATIONAL
INSOLVENCY
LAW
.
414
II.
INSTITUTION
AND
EFFECTS
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
.
415
A.
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
INSTITUTION
.
415
B.
DECISION
ON
THE
OPENING
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
AND
CONTESTABILITY
.
417
C.
LEGAL
EFFECTS
OF
INSTITUTING
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
.
418
D.
CLAIMS
IN
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
.
419
III.
CONDUCT
OF
INSOLVENCY
PROCEEDINGS
.
420
A.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
.
420
B.
CONTINUATION
OR
CLOSURE
OF
THE
ENTERPRISE
.
420
C.
AVOIDANCE
.
421
D.
ADMINISTRATION
AND
REALIZATION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
.
422
E.
DISTRIBUTION
OF
THE
INSOLVENCY
ESTATE
.
422
IV.
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
423
A.
REQUIREMENTS
OF
A
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
423
B.
FURTHER
PROCEEDINGS
.
424
C.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
LEGALLY
CONFIRMED
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
425
D.
DEFAULT
IN
IMPLEMENTING
THE
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
425
E.
NULLITY
AND
DECLARATION
OF
INEFFECTIVENESS
OF
THE
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
425
V.
RESTRUCTURING
PROCEEDINGS
.
426
A.
SCOPE
.
426
B.
SELF-ADMINISTRATION
.
426
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XXI
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
VI.
SPECIAL
PROVISIONS
FOR
NATURAL
PERSONS
.
427
A.
OVERVIEW
.
427
B.
DEBT
SETTLEMENT
PROCEDURE
.
428
C.
EXISTING
CLAIMS
OF
SECURED
CREDITORS
AND
CLAIMS
FOR
SEPARATION
AND
RECOVERY
OF
INCOME
FROM
AN
EMPLOYMENT
RELATIONSHIP
OR
OTHER
RECURRING
BENEFITS
WITH
AN
INCOME
REPLACEMENT
FUNCTION
.
428
D.
RESTRUCTURING
PLAN
.
429
E.
PAYMENT
PLAN
.
429
F.
PROCEEDINGS
FOR
A
LEVY
ON
INCOME
.
429
CHAPTER
44
ARBITRATION
.
432
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
433
II.
AMENDMENT
OF
LIECHTENSTEIN
ARBITRATION
LAW
.
433
III.
LIECHTENSTEIN
'
S
ACCESSION
TO
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
433
IV.
PRINCIPLES
OF
ARBITRATION
LAW
.
434
V.
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
434
VI.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
DISPUTES
.
434
VII.
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
AND
PRINCIPLES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
435
VIII.
THE
ROLE
OF
THE
ORDINARY
COURT
IN
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
436
IX.
PRIORITY
OF
THE
AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE
PARTIES
.
436
X.
END
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS,
AWARD
AND
REMEDIES
.
437
XL
RECOGNITION
AND
DECLARATION
OF
ENFORCEABILITY
OF
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
437
XII.
CONSUMER
DISPUTES
AND
LABOR
DISPUTES
.
438
XIII.
THE
LIECHTENSTEIN
RULES
.
438
XIV.
OUTLOOK
AND
CONCLUSIONS
.
440
CHAPTER
45
INTERNATIONAL
CIVIL
PROCEDURE
LAW
.
441
I.
INTERNATIONAL
JURISDICTION
.
441
II.
INTERNATIONAL
MUTUAL
LEGAL
ASSISTANCE
IN
CIVIL
MATTERS
.
444
III.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
COURT
DECISIONS
.
445
PART
IX
OTHER
AREAS
OF
LAW
CHAPTER
46
ATTORNEYS
'
PROFESSIONAL
CODE
.
449
I.
REQUIREMENTS
.
449
A.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
449
B.
LIECHTENSTEIN
ATTORNEYS
.
450
C.
ESTABLISHED
EUROPEAN
ATTORNEYS
.
451
D.
EUROPEAN
ATTORNEYS
PROVIDING
SERVICES
AND
REPRESENTATIVES
IN
INDIVIDUAL
CASES
.
.
.
452
II.
LAW
FIRMS
.
452
III.
PRACTICING
LAW
.
453
A.
RIGHTS
AND
DUTIES
.
453
B.
ATTORNEY-CLIENT
PRIVILEGE
.
454
C.
DISCIPLINARY
LAW
.
455
D.
OFFICIAL
ATTORNEYS
'
FEES
.
456
E.
LEGAL
AID
AND
COURT-APPOINTED
DEFENSE
.
456
IV.
LIECHTENSTEIN
CHAMBER
OF
LAWYERS
.
457
V.
EXCURSUS:
FIDUCIARIES
.
457
CHAPTER
47
LAW
OF
INDUSTRIAL
OR
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
.
460
I.
PATENTS
.
460
A.
PATENT
PROTECTION
TREATY
WITH
SWITZERLAND
.
460
XXII
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED
),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
B.
SUBSTANTIVE
PATENT
LAW
.
461
II.
TRADEMARKS
AND
INDICATIONS
OF
SOURCE
.
462
A.
TRADEMARKS
.
462
B.
INDICATIONS
OF
SOURCE
.
463
C.
LEGAL
PROTECTION
.
464
III.
DESIGNS
.
464
IV.
COPYRIGHTS
AND
RELATED
NEIGHBORING
RIGHTS
.
465
CHAPTER
48
LAW
ON
REAL
ESTATE
TRANSACTIONS
.
467
CHAPTER
49
NATIONALITY
LAW
.
469
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
469
II.
ACQUISITION
.
470
III.
ACQUISITION
THROUGH
FACILITATED
PROCEDURE
.
470
IV.
ACQUISITION
THROUGH
REGULAR
PROCEDURE
.
471
V.
FORFEITURE
.
471
CHAPTER
50
LAW
ON
FOREIGN
NATIONALS
.
473
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
473
II.
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
.
474
III.
EEA
NATIONALS
AND
SWISS
NATIONALS
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
.
475
IV.
THIRD-PARTY
NATIONALS
STAYING
IN
LIECHTENSTEIN
.
477
V.
CONFIRMATION
OF
REGISTRATION
OF
CROSS-BORDER
COMMUTER
ACTIVITY
AND
CROSS-BORDER
PROVISION
OF
SERVICES
.
478
CHAPTER
51
DATA
PROTECTION
LAW
.
480
I.
FUNDAMENTALS
&
HISTORIC
DEVELOPMENT
.
480
II.
GENERAL
PROVISIONS
.
482
III.
PRINCIPLES
OF
THE
GDPR
.
483
IV.
CONTROLLER
AND
PROCESSOR
.
483
V.
DATA
PROTECTION
OFFICER
.
484
VI.
RECORDS
.
485
VII.
DATA
PROTECTION
IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
.
485
VIII.
LAWFULNESS
OF
PROCESSING
.
486
IX.
PROCESSING
OF
SPECIAL
CATEGORIES
OF
PERSONAL
DATA
.
487
X.
RIGHTS
OF
DATA
SUBJECTS
.
487
A.
CONTROLLER
'
S
DUTIES
TO
PROVIDE
INFORMATION
.
489
B.
RIGHTS
OF
DATA
SUBJECTS
.
490
XL
TRANSFER
OF
PERSONAL
DATA
TO
THIRD
COUNTRIES
OR
INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
.
491
XII.
VIDEO
SURVEILLANCE
.
492
XIIL
COMPETENT
OR
LEAD
SUPERVISORY
AUTHORITIES
.
492
XIV.
REMEDIES,
LIABILITIES
AND
PENALTIES
.
493
CHAPTER
52
NOTARIES
.
494
I.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
494
II.
PROFESSIONAL
LICENSE
.
495
III.
GENERAL
RIGHTS
AND
DUTIES
.
495
IV.
NOTARIAL
SERVICES
.
496
A.
GENERAL
.
496
B.
AUTHENTICATIONS
.
496
C.
CERTIFICATIONS
.
497
LEGAL
TERMS
AND
PHRASES
.
499
I.
ENGLISH
=
GERMAN
.
499
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW
XXIII
TABLE
OF
CONTENTS
II.
GERMAN
=
ENGLISH
.
522
INDEX
.
545
XXIV
MARXER
&
PARTNER
RECHTSANWALTE
(ED.),
LIECHTENSTEIN
BUSINESS
LAW |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048285445 |
| ctrlnum | (DE-599)DNB1253680248 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Liechtenstein (DE-588)4035665-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Liechtenstein |
| id | DE-604.BV048285445 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T20:01:51Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:34:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)5558127-4 (DE-588)2183408-8 |
| isbn | 9783214025793 3214025791 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033665563 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 |
| physical | XLIV, 563 Seiten |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateSearch | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MANZ'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. edited by Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte, Vaduz 202204 Vienna MANZ'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung 2022 XLIV, 563 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Wirtschaftsrecht (DE-588)4066510-0 gnd rswk-swf Liechtenstein (DE-588)4035665-6 gnd rswk-swf Liechtenstein Wirtschaftsrecht Business Law Wirtschaft Recht Gesellschaftsrecht Steuerrecht Finanzmarktrecht Sorgfaltspflichtrecht Strafrecht Rechtshilferecht Zivilrecht Zivilprozessrecht Privatrecht DSGVO Notariatsgesetz Blockchain Blockchain-Gesetzgebung Insovlenzrechtsreform Lichtenstein law European law persons law companies law tax law financial market law due diligence criminal law mutual legal assistance law civil law civil procedure private international law data protection law GDPR Notaries Act blockchain legislation Liechtenstein (DE-588)4035665-6 g Wirtschaftsrecht (DE-588)4066510-0 s DE-604 Marxer & Partner, Rechtsanwälte (DE-588)5558127-4 isb Manz'sche Verlags- und Universitätsbuchhandlung (DE-588)2183408-8 pbl Parallele Sprachausgabe 9783214025755 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033665563&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p vlb 20220318 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#vlb |
| spellingShingle | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. Wirtschaftsrecht (DE-588)4066510-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4066510-0 (DE-588)4035665-6 |
| title | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |
| title_alt | Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht |
| title_auth | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |
| title_exact_search | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |
| title_full | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. edited by Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte, Vaduz |
| title_fullStr | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. edited by Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte, Vaduz |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liechtenstein Business Law based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. edited by Marxer & Partner Rechtsanwälte, Vaduz |
| title_short | Liechtenstein Business Law |
| title_sort | liechtenstein business law based on the liechtensteinisches wirtschaftsrecht compendium last published in 2009 translated from the extensively revised and expanded liechtensteinisches wirtschaftsrecht compendium published in 2021 |
| title_sub | based on the "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, last published in 2009. : translated from the extensively revised and expanded "Liechtensteinisches Wirtschaftsrecht" compendium, published in 2021. |
| topic | Wirtschaftsrecht (DE-588)4066510-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Wirtschaftsrecht Liechtenstein |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033665563&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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