PESCO and Cohesion of European Defence Policy - Terlikowski, Marcin (Polski Instytut Spraw Międzynarodowych, 2017)
Notification on Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO), signed by 23 EU Member States, solidifies the renewal process of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP). Broad participation in PESCO means that there will be no differential integration in defence. However, the link between this mechanism and NATO remains an issue to be resolved and threatens effectiveness of PESCO.