Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault: Rethinking the Adversarial Trial
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Electronic eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Palgrave Macmillan UK
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Item Description: | Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources |
| Physical Description: | 1 Online-Ressource (722 Seiten) |
| ISBN: | 9781137320513 |
Staff View
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault |b Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Do We Know About the Prevalence of Sexual Assault? -- 2.1 Australia -- 2.2 England and Wales -- 3 The Importance of Prevalence Rates -- 4 Recorded Rates of Sexual Assault by Police -- 4.1 Australia -- 4.2 England and Wales -- 5 Child Sexual Abuse: Delayed Reports to Police -- 5.1 The Consequences of Delayed Disclosure of CSA -- 6 Attrition Rates of Sexual Assault: The 'Justice Gap' -- 6.1 England and Wales -- 6.2 Attrition of CSA Cases -- 6.3 Summary of Data in England and Wales -- 6.4 Australia: New South Wales -- 6.5 Comparison of Finalised Sexual Offences with Other Offences: What Happens at Trial? -- 6.6 The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse -- 6.7 Summary: The Similarities and Differences Between NSW and E& -- W -- 7 What to Do About the Attrition Problem? -- 8 The Contents of This Book -- References -- 2 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Jury Behaviour: Understanding Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 The Majority Effect -- 2.2 The Leniency Asymmetry Effect -- 3 Leniency Asymmetry Effect: Is There a Difference Between Mock and Actual Jurors? -- 3.1 Severity or Leniency Effect: How Do Real Juries Actually Behave? -- 3.2 Systematic Biases in Jury Decision-Making -- 3.3 Is the Leniency Effect More Pronounced in Sexual Assault Cases Because of Jurors' Adherence to Rape Myths? -- References -- 3 Factors That Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Physical Evidence -- 3 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Other Corroborating Evidence | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 4 The Impact of Extra-Legal Factors on Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Victim, Defendant and Juror Characteristics -- 5 The Impact of the Emotionality of the Victim/Complainant on Case Outcomes -- 6 The Influence of Victim Gender, Victim Race and Other Extra-Legal Factors on Case Outcomes -- 7 Summary -- References -- 4 'Commonsense' or 'Life Experience': Jurors' Perceptions of Guilt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Perceptions of Guilt -- 3 What Jurors Do not Know About the Vulnerability of Women and Children to Sexual Assault -- References -- 5 'No Means Yes and Yes Means Anal': The Cultural Climate in Which Sex Offences Are Prosecuted -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.1 Prevalence of Rape Myths: General Population Surveys -- 2.2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.3 The Factors Influencing Victim Blame -- 2.4 The Independent Effects of Victim and Participant Characteristics on Victim Blaming -- 2.5 Investigating the Independent Effects of Victim Stereotypicality and Gender Stereotypicality -- 2.6 Summary -- 3 Interactions Between Offence, Victim and Perpetrator Stereotypicality -- 4 Mock Jurors' Beliefs About Victims of Child Sexual Abuse -- 5 The Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model of Juror Decision-Making -- 6 Summary: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- References -- 6 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Sites of Activation for Heuristic Reasoning Processes -- 1 Background: The Role of Evidence and Procedural Laws in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2 Activation Statements in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 Prosecution and Defence Opening Addresses -- 2.2 Jurors' Narrative Framework -- 2.3 The Story Model and Pre-decisional Distortion -- References -- 7 Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent -- 1 Introduction: Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 2 The Fact-Finder's Task in an Era of Modernisation -- 3 The Problems with a Statutory Definition of Consent -- 4 Proving the Mental Element of the Offence -- 5 Looking at 'All the Circumstances' -- 6 Case Study One: Sexual Assault in the Context of a Professional Relationship -- 7 Case Study Two: Sexual Assault in the Context of a 'One Night Stand'-Proving the Impossible? -- 7.1 Alcohol Intoxication -- 7.2 Honest Belief and Reasonable Grounds -- 7.3 The First Appeal -- 7.4 Was the Jury's Verdict Unreasonable? -- 7.5 The Re-Trial -- 7.6 The Second Appeal -- 8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 8 Cross-Examination in Sexual Assault Trials: Evidentiary Safeguard or an Opportunity to Confuse? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Culture of Adversarialism: 'Legitimated Bullying'? -- 3 The Impact of Cross-Examination on Children's Evidence -- 4 Attempts to Improve the Cross-Examination Process for Children -- 5 Defence Cross-Examination Versus Forensic Interviews -- 6 The Right to Cross-Examine: An Absolute Right? -- 6.1 The Position in E& -- W -- 6.2 The Position in Australia -- 7 Juror Beliefs and Biases: The Impact of Rape Myths and Stereotypes During Cross-Examination -- 8 The 'Strange Language' of the Courtroom: Are Leading Questions and Confusion the Way to the Truth? -- 8.1 A Case Study of the Cross-Examination Effect: What Price Fairness? -- 9 Studies on the Types of Questions Used in the Cross-Examination of Children -- 10 Studies on the Impact of the Cross-Examination Effect on Children's Evidence: Inconsistent Evidence or False Inaccuracies? -- 11 The Effect of Cross-Examination on the Evidence of Adults -- References -- 9 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 1 Judicial Intervention: The Best Control of Cross-Examination? -- 2 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 2.1 Controlling Improper Questions -- 2.2 Intermediaries: E& | |
| 505 | 8 | |a W -- 2.3 Evaluation of the Role of Intermediaries -- 2.4 Intermediaries: Europe and Elsewhere -- 2.5 Intermediaries: Australia -- 2.6 Comparisons of Different Intermediary Schemes -- 2.7 Research on the Effectiveness of Intermediaries -- 2.8 Conclusion: Should the Intermediary Adopt the Role of Cross-Examiner? -- References -- 10 The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction: The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 2 Special Measures for the Protection of Vulnerable Witnesses -- 3 Victims' Rights: A Panacea to the Adversarial Trial? -- 4 The Effect of Trauma on Memory Recall: The Myths and the Evidence -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- References -- 11 Achieving Best Evidence for Vulnerable Witnesses: The Use of Trauma-Informed Theory to Reform the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Need for Trauma-Informed Care Within the Sexual Assault Trial: Balancing Competing Goals -- 3 The Principles and Philosophy of Trauma-Informed Care -- 4 The Compatibility of Trauma-Informed Care with the Adversarial System -- 5 What Are the Triggers for Traumatised Victims Within the Adversarial Criminal Trial? -- 6 What Are the Requirements for Creating a Trauma-Informed Adversarial System? -- 7 Summary -- References -- 12 Reform Measures: The Devil Is in the Detail -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Equal Treatment: Reconceptualising the Concept of Fairness -- 3 Where to from Here? -- 4 Trauma-Informed Sexual Assault Trials: A Best Practice Model -- 4.1 Rape Myth Busting and Judicial Warnings -- 4.2 Opening and Closing Addresses -- 4.3 Mandatory Training -- 4.4 Child- and Complainant-Friendly Environments -- 4.5 Pre-recording of Evidence -- 4.6 Time-Limited Cross-Examination and Vetting of Questions | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 4.7 Changing the Cross-Examination Process: The Use of a Specialist Examiner Trained in the Principles of Trauma-Informed Care -- 5 Where Does Restorative Justice Fit in? -- 5.1 RJ for Sex Offenders as a Pre- or Post-sentencing Option -- 5.2 The Compatibility of Restorative Justice Theory and Trauma-Informed Care -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- References | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sex crimes-Great Britain-Trial practice | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sex crimes-Law and legislation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Trials (Sex crimes) | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| contents | Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Do We Know About the Prevalence of Sexual Assault? -- 2.1 Australia -- 2.2 England and Wales -- 3 The Importance of Prevalence Rates -- 4 Recorded Rates of Sexual Assault by Police -- 4.1 Australia -- 4.2 England and Wales -- 5 Child Sexual Abuse: Delayed Reports to Police -- 5.1 The Consequences of Delayed Disclosure of CSA -- 6 Attrition Rates of Sexual Assault: The 'Justice Gap' -- 6.1 England and Wales -- 6.2 Attrition of CSA Cases -- 6.3 Summary of Data in England and Wales -- 6.4 Australia: New South Wales -- 6.5 Comparison of Finalised Sexual Offences with Other Offences: What Happens at Trial? -- 6.6 The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse -- 6.7 Summary: The Similarities and Differences Between NSW and E& -- W -- 7 What to Do About the Attrition Problem? -- 8 The Contents of This Book -- References -- 2 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Jury Behaviour: Understanding Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 The Majority Effect -- 2.2 The Leniency Asymmetry Effect -- 3 Leniency Asymmetry Effect: Is There a Difference Between Mock and Actual Jurors? -- 3.1 Severity or Leniency Effect: How Do Real Juries Actually Behave? -- 3.2 Systematic Biases in Jury Decision-Making -- 3.3 Is the Leniency Effect More Pronounced in Sexual Assault Cases Because of Jurors' Adherence to Rape Myths? -- References -- 3 Factors That Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Physical Evidence -- 3 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Other Corroborating Evidence 4 The Impact of Extra-Legal Factors on Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Victim, Defendant and Juror Characteristics -- 5 The Impact of the Emotionality of the Victim/Complainant on Case Outcomes -- 6 The Influence of Victim Gender, Victim Race and Other Extra-Legal Factors on Case Outcomes -- 7 Summary -- References -- 4 'Commonsense' or 'Life Experience': Jurors' Perceptions of Guilt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Perceptions of Guilt -- 3 What Jurors Do not Know About the Vulnerability of Women and Children to Sexual Assault -- References -- 5 'No Means Yes and Yes Means Anal': The Cultural Climate in Which Sex Offences Are Prosecuted -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.1 Prevalence of Rape Myths: General Population Surveys -- 2.2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.3 The Factors Influencing Victim Blame -- 2.4 The Independent Effects of Victim and Participant Characteristics on Victim Blaming -- 2.5 Investigating the Independent Effects of Victim Stereotypicality and Gender Stereotypicality -- 2.6 Summary -- 3 Interactions Between Offence, Victim and Perpetrator Stereotypicality -- 4 Mock Jurors' Beliefs About Victims of Child Sexual Abuse -- 5 The Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model of Juror Decision-Making -- 6 Summary: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- References -- 6 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Sites of Activation for Heuristic Reasoning Processes -- 1 Background: The Role of Evidence and Procedural Laws in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2 Activation Statements in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 Prosecution and Defence Opening Addresses -- 2.2 Jurors' Narrative Framework -- 2.3 The Story Model and Pre-decisional Distortion -- References -- 7 Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent -- 1 Introduction: Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent 2 The Fact-Finder's Task in an Era of Modernisation -- 3 The Problems with a Statutory Definition of Consent -- 4 Proving the Mental Element of the Offence -- 5 Looking at 'All the Circumstances' -- 6 Case Study One: Sexual Assault in the Context of a Professional Relationship -- 7 Case Study Two: Sexual Assault in the Context of a 'One Night Stand'-Proving the Impossible? -- 7.1 Alcohol Intoxication -- 7.2 Honest Belief and Reasonable Grounds -- 7.3 The First Appeal -- 7.4 Was the Jury's Verdict Unreasonable? -- 7.5 The Re-Trial -- 7.6 The Second Appeal -- 8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 8 Cross-Examination in Sexual Assault Trials: Evidentiary Safeguard or an Opportunity to Confuse? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Culture of Adversarialism: 'Legitimated Bullying'? -- 3 The Impact of Cross-Examination on Children's Evidence -- 4 Attempts to Improve the Cross-Examination Process for Children -- 5 Defence Cross-Examination Versus Forensic Interviews -- 6 The Right to Cross-Examine: An Absolute Right? -- 6.1 The Position in E& -- W -- 6.2 The Position in Australia -- 7 Juror Beliefs and Biases: The Impact of Rape Myths and Stereotypes During Cross-Examination -- 8 The 'Strange Language' of the Courtroom: Are Leading Questions and Confusion the Way to the Truth? -- 8.1 A Case Study of the Cross-Examination Effect: What Price Fairness? -- 9 Studies on the Types of Questions Used in the Cross-Examination of Children -- 10 Studies on the Impact of the Cross-Examination Effect on Children's Evidence: Inconsistent Evidence or False Inaccuracies? -- 11 The Effect of Cross-Examination on the Evidence of Adults -- References -- 9 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 1 Judicial Intervention: The Best Control of Cross-Examination? -- 2 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 2.1 Controlling Improper Questions -- 2.2 Intermediaries: E& W -- 2.3 Evaluation of the Role of Intermediaries -- 2.4 Intermediaries: Europe and Elsewhere -- 2.5 Intermediaries: Australia -- 2.6 Comparisons of Different Intermediary Schemes -- 2.7 Research on the Effectiveness of Intermediaries -- 2.8 Conclusion: Should the Intermediary Adopt the Role of Cross-Examiner? -- References -- 10 The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction: The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 2 Special Measures for the Protection of Vulnerable Witnesses -- 3 Victims' Rights: A Panacea to the Adversarial Trial? -- 4 The Effect of Trauma on Memory Recall: The Myths and the Evidence -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- References -- 11 Achieving Best Evidence for Vulnerable Witnesses: The Use of Trauma-Informed Theory to Reform the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Need for Trauma-Informed Care Within the Sexual Assault Trial: Balancing Competing Goals -- 3 The Principles and Philosophy of Trauma-Informed Care -- 4 The Compatibility of Trauma-Informed Care with the Adversarial System -- 5 What Are the Triggers for Traumatised Victims Within the Adversarial Criminal Trial? -- 6 What Are the Requirements for Creating a Trauma-Informed Adversarial System? -- 7 Summary -- References -- 12 Reform Measures: The Devil Is in the Detail -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Equal Treatment: Reconceptualising the Concept of Fairness -- 3 Where to from Here? -- 4 Trauma-Informed Sexual Assault Trials: A Best Practice Model -- 4.1 Rape Myth Busting and Judicial Warnings -- 4.2 Opening and Closing Addresses -- 4.3 Mandatory Training -- 4.4 Child- and Complainant-Friendly Environments -- 4.5 Pre-recording of Evidence -- 4.6 Time-Limited Cross-Examination and Vetting of Questions 4.7 Changing the Cross-Examination Process: The Use of a Specialist Examiner Trained in the Principles of Trauma-Informed Care -- 5 Where Does Restorative Justice Fit in? -- 5.1 RJ for Sex Offenders as a Pre- or Post-sentencing Option -- 5.2 The Compatibility of Restorative Justice Theory and Trauma-Informed Care -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- References |
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| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| format | Electronic eBook |
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| id | DE-604.BV048224388 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T19:50:39Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:32:28Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781137320513 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033605121 |
| oclc_num | 1226704136 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (722 Seiten) |
| psigel | ZDB-30-PQE |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Palgrave Macmillan UK |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Cossins, Anne Verfasser aut Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial London Palgrave Macmillan UK 2020 ©2020 1 Online-Ressource (722 Seiten) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Do We Know About the Prevalence of Sexual Assault? -- 2.1 Australia -- 2.2 England and Wales -- 3 The Importance of Prevalence Rates -- 4 Recorded Rates of Sexual Assault by Police -- 4.1 Australia -- 4.2 England and Wales -- 5 Child Sexual Abuse: Delayed Reports to Police -- 5.1 The Consequences of Delayed Disclosure of CSA -- 6 Attrition Rates of Sexual Assault: The 'Justice Gap' -- 6.1 England and Wales -- 6.2 Attrition of CSA Cases -- 6.3 Summary of Data in England and Wales -- 6.4 Australia: New South Wales -- 6.5 Comparison of Finalised Sexual Offences with Other Offences: What Happens at Trial? -- 6.6 The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse -- 6.7 Summary: The Similarities and Differences Between NSW and E& -- W -- 7 What to Do About the Attrition Problem? -- 8 The Contents of This Book -- References -- 2 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Jury Behaviour: Understanding Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 The Majority Effect -- 2.2 The Leniency Asymmetry Effect -- 3 Leniency Asymmetry Effect: Is There a Difference Between Mock and Actual Jurors? -- 3.1 Severity or Leniency Effect: How Do Real Juries Actually Behave? -- 3.2 Systematic Biases in Jury Decision-Making -- 3.3 Is the Leniency Effect More Pronounced in Sexual Assault Cases Because of Jurors' Adherence to Rape Myths? -- References -- 3 Factors That Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Physical Evidence -- 3 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Other Corroborating Evidence 4 The Impact of Extra-Legal Factors on Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Victim, Defendant and Juror Characteristics -- 5 The Impact of the Emotionality of the Victim/Complainant on Case Outcomes -- 6 The Influence of Victim Gender, Victim Race and Other Extra-Legal Factors on Case Outcomes -- 7 Summary -- References -- 4 'Commonsense' or 'Life Experience': Jurors' Perceptions of Guilt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Perceptions of Guilt -- 3 What Jurors Do not Know About the Vulnerability of Women and Children to Sexual Assault -- References -- 5 'No Means Yes and Yes Means Anal': The Cultural Climate in Which Sex Offences Are Prosecuted -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.1 Prevalence of Rape Myths: General Population Surveys -- 2.2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.3 The Factors Influencing Victim Blame -- 2.4 The Independent Effects of Victim and Participant Characteristics on Victim Blaming -- 2.5 Investigating the Independent Effects of Victim Stereotypicality and Gender Stereotypicality -- 2.6 Summary -- 3 Interactions Between Offence, Victim and Perpetrator Stereotypicality -- 4 Mock Jurors' Beliefs About Victims of Child Sexual Abuse -- 5 The Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model of Juror Decision-Making -- 6 Summary: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- References -- 6 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Sites of Activation for Heuristic Reasoning Processes -- 1 Background: The Role of Evidence and Procedural Laws in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2 Activation Statements in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 Prosecution and Defence Opening Addresses -- 2.2 Jurors' Narrative Framework -- 2.3 The Story Model and Pre-decisional Distortion -- References -- 7 Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent -- 1 Introduction: Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent 2 The Fact-Finder's Task in an Era of Modernisation -- 3 The Problems with a Statutory Definition of Consent -- 4 Proving the Mental Element of the Offence -- 5 Looking at 'All the Circumstances' -- 6 Case Study One: Sexual Assault in the Context of a Professional Relationship -- 7 Case Study Two: Sexual Assault in the Context of a 'One Night Stand'-Proving the Impossible? -- 7.1 Alcohol Intoxication -- 7.2 Honest Belief and Reasonable Grounds -- 7.3 The First Appeal -- 7.4 Was the Jury's Verdict Unreasonable? -- 7.5 The Re-Trial -- 7.6 The Second Appeal -- 8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 8 Cross-Examination in Sexual Assault Trials: Evidentiary Safeguard or an Opportunity to Confuse? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Culture of Adversarialism: 'Legitimated Bullying'? -- 3 The Impact of Cross-Examination on Children's Evidence -- 4 Attempts to Improve the Cross-Examination Process for Children -- 5 Defence Cross-Examination Versus Forensic Interviews -- 6 The Right to Cross-Examine: An Absolute Right? -- 6.1 The Position in E& -- W -- 6.2 The Position in Australia -- 7 Juror Beliefs and Biases: The Impact of Rape Myths and Stereotypes During Cross-Examination -- 8 The 'Strange Language' of the Courtroom: Are Leading Questions and Confusion the Way to the Truth? -- 8.1 A Case Study of the Cross-Examination Effect: What Price Fairness? -- 9 Studies on the Types of Questions Used in the Cross-Examination of Children -- 10 Studies on the Impact of the Cross-Examination Effect on Children's Evidence: Inconsistent Evidence or False Inaccuracies? -- 11 The Effect of Cross-Examination on the Evidence of Adults -- References -- 9 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 1 Judicial Intervention: The Best Control of Cross-Examination? -- 2 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 2.1 Controlling Improper Questions -- 2.2 Intermediaries: E& W -- 2.3 Evaluation of the Role of Intermediaries -- 2.4 Intermediaries: Europe and Elsewhere -- 2.5 Intermediaries: Australia -- 2.6 Comparisons of Different Intermediary Schemes -- 2.7 Research on the Effectiveness of Intermediaries -- 2.8 Conclusion: Should the Intermediary Adopt the Role of Cross-Examiner? -- References -- 10 The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction: The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 2 Special Measures for the Protection of Vulnerable Witnesses -- 3 Victims' Rights: A Panacea to the Adversarial Trial? -- 4 The Effect of Trauma on Memory Recall: The Myths and the Evidence -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- References -- 11 Achieving Best Evidence for Vulnerable Witnesses: The Use of Trauma-Informed Theory to Reform the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Need for Trauma-Informed Care Within the Sexual Assault Trial: Balancing Competing Goals -- 3 The Principles and Philosophy of Trauma-Informed Care -- 4 The Compatibility of Trauma-Informed Care with the Adversarial System -- 5 What Are the Triggers for Traumatised Victims Within the Adversarial Criminal Trial? -- 6 What Are the Requirements for Creating a Trauma-Informed Adversarial System? -- 7 Summary -- References -- 12 Reform Measures: The Devil Is in the Detail -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Equal Treatment: Reconceptualising the Concept of Fairness -- 3 Where to from Here? -- 4 Trauma-Informed Sexual Assault Trials: A Best Practice Model -- 4.1 Rape Myth Busting and Judicial Warnings -- 4.2 Opening and Closing Addresses -- 4.3 Mandatory Training -- 4.4 Child- and Complainant-Friendly Environments -- 4.5 Pre-recording of Evidence -- 4.6 Time-Limited Cross-Examination and Vetting of Questions 4.7 Changing the Cross-Examination Process: The Use of a Specialist Examiner Trained in the Principles of Trauma-Informed Care -- 5 Where Does Restorative Justice Fit in? -- 5.1 RJ for Sex Offenders as a Pre- or Post-sentencing Option -- 5.2 The Compatibility of Restorative Justice Theory and Trauma-Informed Care -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- References Sex crimes-Great Britain-Trial practice Sex crimes-Law and legislation Trials (Sex crimes) Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe Cossins, Anne Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault London : Palgrave Macmillan UK,c2020 9781137320490 |
| spellingShingle | Cossins, Anne Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Do We Know About the Prevalence of Sexual Assault? -- 2.1 Australia -- 2.2 England and Wales -- 3 The Importance of Prevalence Rates -- 4 Recorded Rates of Sexual Assault by Police -- 4.1 Australia -- 4.2 England and Wales -- 5 Child Sexual Abuse: Delayed Reports to Police -- 5.1 The Consequences of Delayed Disclosure of CSA -- 6 Attrition Rates of Sexual Assault: The 'Justice Gap' -- 6.1 England and Wales -- 6.2 Attrition of CSA Cases -- 6.3 Summary of Data in England and Wales -- 6.4 Australia: New South Wales -- 6.5 Comparison of Finalised Sexual Offences with Other Offences: What Happens at Trial? -- 6.6 The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse -- 6.7 Summary: The Similarities and Differences Between NSW and E& -- W -- 7 What to Do About the Attrition Problem? -- 8 The Contents of This Book -- References -- 2 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Jury Behaviour: Understanding Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 The Majority Effect -- 2.2 The Leniency Asymmetry Effect -- 3 Leniency Asymmetry Effect: Is There a Difference Between Mock and Actual Jurors? -- 3.1 Severity or Leniency Effect: How Do Real Juries Actually Behave? -- 3.2 Systematic Biases in Jury Decision-Making -- 3.3 Is the Leniency Effect More Pronounced in Sexual Assault Cases Because of Jurors' Adherence to Rape Myths? -- References -- 3 Factors That Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Physical Evidence -- 3 Factors that Predict Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Other Corroborating Evidence 4 The Impact of Extra-Legal Factors on Outcomes in Sexual Assault Trials: Victim, Defendant and Juror Characteristics -- 5 The Impact of the Emotionality of the Victim/Complainant on Case Outcomes -- 6 The Influence of Victim Gender, Victim Race and Other Extra-Legal Factors on Case Outcomes -- 7 Summary -- References -- 4 'Commonsense' or 'Life Experience': Jurors' Perceptions of Guilt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Perceptions of Guilt -- 3 What Jurors Do not Know About the Vulnerability of Women and Children to Sexual Assault -- References -- 5 'No Means Yes and Yes Means Anal': The Cultural Climate in Which Sex Offences Are Prosecuted -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.1 Prevalence of Rape Myths: General Population Surveys -- 2.2 Rape Myth Acceptance (RMA) Studies -- 2.3 The Factors Influencing Victim Blame -- 2.4 The Independent Effects of Victim and Participant Characteristics on Victim Blaming -- 2.5 Investigating the Independent Effects of Victim Stereotypicality and Gender Stereotypicality -- 2.6 Summary -- 3 Interactions Between Offence, Victim and Perpetrator Stereotypicality -- 4 Mock Jurors' Beliefs About Victims of Child Sexual Abuse -- 5 The Heuristic-Systematic Processing Model of Juror Decision-Making -- 6 Summary: Jury Decision-Making in Sexual Assault Trials -- References -- 6 The Nature and Effects of Adversarialism: Sites of Activation for Heuristic Reasoning Processes -- 1 Background: The Role of Evidence and Procedural Laws in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2 Activation Statements in Sexual Assault Trials -- 2.1 Prosecution and Defence Opening Addresses -- 2.2 Jurors' Narrative Framework -- 2.3 The Story Model and Pre-decisional Distortion -- References -- 7 Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent -- 1 Introduction: Modernisation of the Substantive Law of Consent 2 The Fact-Finder's Task in an Era of Modernisation -- 3 The Problems with a Statutory Definition of Consent -- 4 Proving the Mental Element of the Offence -- 5 Looking at 'All the Circumstances' -- 6 Case Study One: Sexual Assault in the Context of a Professional Relationship -- 7 Case Study Two: Sexual Assault in the Context of a 'One Night Stand'-Proving the Impossible? -- 7.1 Alcohol Intoxication -- 7.2 Honest Belief and Reasonable Grounds -- 7.3 The First Appeal -- 7.4 Was the Jury's Verdict Unreasonable? -- 7.5 The Re-Trial -- 7.6 The Second Appeal -- 8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- 8 Cross-Examination in Sexual Assault Trials: Evidentiary Safeguard or an Opportunity to Confuse? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Culture of Adversarialism: 'Legitimated Bullying'? -- 3 The Impact of Cross-Examination on Children's Evidence -- 4 Attempts to Improve the Cross-Examination Process for Children -- 5 Defence Cross-Examination Versus Forensic Interviews -- 6 The Right to Cross-Examine: An Absolute Right? -- 6.1 The Position in E& -- W -- 6.2 The Position in Australia -- 7 Juror Beliefs and Biases: The Impact of Rape Myths and Stereotypes During Cross-Examination -- 8 The 'Strange Language' of the Courtroom: Are Leading Questions and Confusion the Way to the Truth? -- 8.1 A Case Study of the Cross-Examination Effect: What Price Fairness? -- 9 Studies on the Types of Questions Used in the Cross-Examination of Children -- 10 Studies on the Impact of the Cross-Examination Effect on Children's Evidence: Inconsistent Evidence or False Inaccuracies? -- 11 The Effect of Cross-Examination on the Evidence of Adults -- References -- 9 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 1 Judicial Intervention: The Best Control of Cross-Examination? -- 2 Contemporary Reforms to Cross-Examination -- 2.1 Controlling Improper Questions -- 2.2 Intermediaries: E& W -- 2.3 Evaluation of the Role of Intermediaries -- 2.4 Intermediaries: Europe and Elsewhere -- 2.5 Intermediaries: Australia -- 2.6 Comparisons of Different Intermediary Schemes -- 2.7 Research on the Effectiveness of Intermediaries -- 2.8 Conclusion: Should the Intermediary Adopt the Role of Cross-Examiner? -- References -- 10 The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction: The Problems Facing Reformers of the Sexual Assault Trial -- 2 Special Measures for the Protection of Vulnerable Witnesses -- 3 Victims' Rights: A Panacea to the Adversarial Trial? -- 4 The Effect of Trauma on Memory Recall: The Myths and the Evidence -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- References -- 11 Achieving Best Evidence for Vulnerable Witnesses: The Use of Trauma-Informed Theory to Reform the Sexual Assault Trial -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Need for Trauma-Informed Care Within the Sexual Assault Trial: Balancing Competing Goals -- 3 The Principles and Philosophy of Trauma-Informed Care -- 4 The Compatibility of Trauma-Informed Care with the Adversarial System -- 5 What Are the Triggers for Traumatised Victims Within the Adversarial Criminal Trial? -- 6 What Are the Requirements for Creating a Trauma-Informed Adversarial System? -- 7 Summary -- References -- 12 Reform Measures: The Devil Is in the Detail -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Equal Treatment: Reconceptualising the Concept of Fairness -- 3 Where to from Here? -- 4 Trauma-Informed Sexual Assault Trials: A Best Practice Model -- 4.1 Rape Myth Busting and Judicial Warnings -- 4.2 Opening and Closing Addresses -- 4.3 Mandatory Training -- 4.4 Child- and Complainant-Friendly Environments -- 4.5 Pre-recording of Evidence -- 4.6 Time-Limited Cross-Examination and Vetting of Questions 4.7 Changing the Cross-Examination Process: The Use of a Specialist Examiner Trained in the Principles of Trauma-Informed Care -- 5 Where Does Restorative Justice Fit in? -- 5.1 RJ for Sex Offenders as a Pre- or Post-sentencing Option -- 5.2 The Compatibility of Restorative Justice Theory and Trauma-Informed Care -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- References Sex crimes-Great Britain-Trial practice Sex crimes-Law and legislation Trials (Sex crimes) |
| title | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_auth | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_exact_search | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_full | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_fullStr | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| title_short | Closing the Justice Gap for Adult and Child Sexual Assault |
| title_sort | closing the justice gap for adult and child sexual assault rethinking the adversarial trial |
| title_sub | Rethinking the Adversarial Trial |
| topic | Sex crimes-Great Britain-Trial practice Sex crimes-Law and legislation Trials (Sex crimes) |
| topic_facet | Sex crimes-Great Britain-Trial practice Sex crimes-Law and legislation Trials (Sex crimes) |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cossinsanne closingthejusticegapforadultandchildsexualassaultrethinkingtheadversarialtrial |