Shooting down the Stealth Fighter: eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century
With its futuristic and unmistakable design, the Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk, the so-called 'Stealth Fighter', was the wonder of the age. Virtually undetectable by radar, this ground-attack aircraft could slip unseen through enemy defences to deliver its deadly payload on unsuspecting target...
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Pen & Sword
2021
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| Zusammenfassung: | With its futuristic and unmistakable design, the Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk, the so-called 'Stealth Fighter', was the wonder of the age. Virtually undetectable by radar, this ground-attack aircraft could slip unseen through enemy defences to deliver its deadly payload on unsuspecting targets. Its effectiveness had been well demonstrated during the Gulf War of 1991, during which the F-117A achieved almost legendary status. But, at 20.42 hours on 27 March 1999, the military and aviation worlds were stunned when the impossible happened - a virtually obsolete Soviet-built surface-to-air missile system which had first been developed more than thirty years earlier, detected and shot down an F-117A, callsign 'Vega 31'. This incident took place during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. It was, and remains, at least officially, the only time that a stealth aircraft was detected and shot down by a ground-based missile system. In this book the authors, both of whom served in the Kosovo War, take the reader through every moment of that astounding event, from both the perspective of Lieutenant Colonel Dani's 3rd Battalion, 250th Air Defence Missile Brigade, a Yugoslav Army unit, and that of the pilot of the F-117A, Lieutenant Colonel Darrell Patrick Zelko, who ejected and survived the loss of his aircraft. The reader is placed in the cabin of the missile fire control centre and alongside 'Dale' Zelko in the cockpit of his stealth fighter as each second dramatically unfolds. Stealth characteristics are now regarded as a standard part of modern military aircraft design but with each generation of aircraft becoming increasingly, almost cripplingly, expensive to produce and operate compared with the simpler surface-to-air defence systems, the outcome of the battle between missile and stealth hangs in the balance. That this is the case might be seen in the strange fact that it is claimed that two other F-117As did not return to the U.S. at the end of the Kosovo War, though, mysteriously, their fate has never been revealed. Were they too victims of Yugoslav missiles? Though intended for the general reader, _Shooting Down the Stealth Fighter_ covers the technical details of the weapons involved and their deployment - and the authors should know, as one of them, Djordje Anicic, was a member of the Yugoslav team which brought down Zelko's aircraft |
| Beschreibung: | xx, 364 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten (schwarz-weiß) |
| ISBN: | 9781526780423 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a With its futuristic and unmistakable design, the Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk, the so-called 'Stealth Fighter', was the wonder of the age. Virtually undetectable by radar, this ground-attack aircraft could slip unseen through enemy defences to deliver its deadly payload on unsuspecting targets. Its effectiveness had been well demonstrated during the Gulf War of 1991, during which the F-117A achieved almost legendary status. But, at 20.42 hours on 27 March 1999, the military and aviation worlds were stunned when the impossible happened - a virtually obsolete Soviet-built surface-to-air missile system which had first been developed more than thirty years earlier, detected and shot down an F-117A, callsign 'Vega 31'. This incident took place during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. It was, and remains, at least officially, the only time that a stealth aircraft was detected and shot down by a ground-based missile system. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a In this book the authors, both of whom served in the Kosovo War, take the reader through every moment of that astounding event, from both the perspective of Lieutenant Colonel Dani's 3rd Battalion, 250th Air Defence Missile Brigade, a Yugoslav Army unit, and that of the pilot of the F-117A, Lieutenant Colonel Darrell Patrick Zelko, who ejected and survived the loss of his aircraft. The reader is placed in the cabin of the missile fire control centre and alongside 'Dale' Zelko in the cockpit of his stealth fighter as each second dramatically unfolds. Stealth characteristics are now regarded as a standard part of modern military aircraft design but with each generation of aircraft becoming increasingly, almost cripplingly, expensive to produce and operate compared with the simpler surface-to-air defence systems, the outcome of the battle between missile and stealth hangs in the balance. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a That this is the case might be seen in the strange fact that it is claimed that two other F-117As did not return to the U.S. at the end of the Kosovo War, though, mysteriously, their fate has never been revealed. Were they too victims of Yugoslav missiles? Though intended for the general reader, _Shooting Down the Stealth Fighter_ covers the technical details of the weapons involved and their deployment - and the authors should know, as one of them, Djordje Anicic, was a member of the Yugoslav team which brought down Zelko's aircraft | |
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| adam_text | Contents Preface Foreword Neva against the STEALTH The past is not to be forgotten... it is the path into the future Organization of this Book About the Authors Chapter One Early History of Radar Radar Fundamentals Radar System and Radar Range Radar Range Equation Detection Range The Antenna Radar Displays Radar Classification Basic Radar Functions Military Applications of Radar Systems Radar Cross Section (RCS) Estimated radar cross section for some targets Reducing RCS Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) Integrated Air Defence Systems (IADS) Radar Jamming Decoys Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) Electronic Warfare (EW) Information Warfare ix xii xii xvi xviii xix 1 1 5 5 11 13 14 16 18 20 21 23 27 29 35 45 47 52 57 59 63
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Chapter Two Stealth The Stealth Challenge The Stealth Approach Stealth Principles Scientific Theory behind the Stealth Disadvantages of Stealth 64 64 66 66 68 68 75 Chapter Three Missile Guidance Types of guidance systems 79 79 80 Chapter Four Missile Complex S-125 ‘Neva7SA-3 Goa SNR-125 ‘Low Blow’ Fire Control and Engagement Radar 5V24 and 5V27 Surface-to-Air Guided Missiles ZRK S-125M ‘Neva-M’ Missile System S-125M1 (S-125M1A) ‘Neva-M 1’ The ‘Pechora’ Pechora-2A Upgraded Surface-to-Air Missile System Pechora-2M and ML Upgraded Missile System Chapter Five Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) Against the Radar HARM New Century Chapter Six SA-3/S-125 Combat Engagements War of Attrition and Yom Kippur War ‘Small Wars’ The Osirak Raid Bekaa Valley Angolan Border Wars Operation Desert Storm Syrian Civil War vi 96 96 99 102 106 111 111 113 114 119 119 124 132 134 134 13 5 141 141 142 145 146 147
CONTENTS Chapter Seven The First Stealth Programme Hopeless Diamond and Have Blue Maintenance Issues Just Cause Desert Storm 148 148 150 170 171 173 Chapter Eight Prelude to War Yugoslav Order of Battle USAF and NATO Order of Battle Attack 3rd Battalion March 26 March 27 23 Seconds How Missile Battalion Works Combat Crew ֊ The Shift Fighting Sequences Immediately After... Vega Three-One The Mystery of the Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) F-16CG Hammer Three-Four Something VERY BIG was in the air... ‘Intelligence Games and Throwing Dust in Eyes’ 176 176 180 182 184 187 194 196 200 210 214 224 227 229 245 248 252 256 261 273 Chapter Nine Aftermath Successful Deception Measures Fixed Air Defences Damaged but Mobile Air Defences Survived F-l 17A Retirement and Beyond Future of SAM vs Stealth Stealth Aircraft Counter-Stealth Radar Systems Anti-Antiradiation Missile Techniques Air Defence Systems S-300/SA-10 vii 281 281 283 287 289 294 294 300 306 307 314
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Favorit Air Defence Missile System S-300PMU2 ADMS/SA-20 S-300V/SA-12 S-350Vityaz 9K3 7 BUK/SA-11, SA-17 9K317M-BUKM3 BUK Combat Service Soviet/Russian Missile Systems in the West 317 319 320 322 322 325 326 327 332 334 334 356 361 Appendix Glossary Glossary and Abbreviations Further Reading and Bibliography Index viii
Further Reading and Bibliography 1999 F-117A Shootdown, Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/1999_F-l 17A_ shoot- down Adamy, David L. (2011), Electronic Warfare Pocket Guide, Scitech Publishing Advanced Anti-radiation Guided Missile (AARGM) (2009) NDIA guns and missiles conference Air Force Magazine, September 2016 Air Power Over Serbia (2014), Air Power History, Fall 2014 issue Airpower Australia, http://www.ausairpower.net, miscellaneous articles Allen Patrick, Special Forces Aviation, MBI Publishing Company Andersen. Yu. A., DrozhkinA. I., LozikP.M. (1979)Protiwozdushnaya Oborona Suhoputnih Voisk, Voeno Izdatestvo Ministerstvo Oboroni SSSR, Moskva Andrea De Martino, (2012) Introduction to Modern EW Systems, Artech House Anicie, Djordje. (2009), Smena - Ratni Dnevnik (The Shift - War Diary) Anil К Maini (2018), Handbook of Defense Electronics and Optronics, Wiley Arhangelski I. I., (2001) Proektirovanie Zenitnih Upravlyaemih Raket, Moskovskii Aviacioni Institut (MAI) Aviation Classics F-16 Fighting Falcon Aviatsia i Kosmonavtika (1999-2018) Balajrishnan R., (1998), Guided Weapon System Design, DRDO, India Balkanı 1991-2000, Voina vVazduhe 10 Banjac Dusan (1986): Elektronska Borba u Protiwazdusnoj Odbrani, Vojno Tehnički Izdavači Centar, Beograd Barton D.K. (2012), Radar Equations for Modem Radar, Artech House. Barton, D.K. (1972-1978), Radars Volumes 1-7, Artech House. Ben Rich, Leo Janos (1996) Skunk Works: A personal memoir of my years in Lockheed Bipin Kumar Jha, Mayur Somnath Aswale (2016) Mechanical Aspects in Stealth Technology: review, IJETR, Volume 4 Blast from the
Past - Interview of Col. Dale Zelko to Carlos Lorch, Director and Chief Editor of the ‘National Brazilian Air Force Magazine, Volume 5, Issue 1 Bowdoin Van Riper, A. Rockets and Missiles, (2004) Greenwood Press 356
FURTHER READING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Cadirci, Serdar (2010) Atmospheric Effects on Communication and Electronic Warfare Systems Within Turkey and Surrounding Areas, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Charvat, G.L. (2014), Small and Short-Range Radar Systems, CRC Press. Crickmore, Paul (2000), Lockheed’s Blackworld Skunk Works, Osprey Publishing Crickmore, Paul (2016) Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk Stealth Fighter, Osprey Publishing Dan Hampton (2015), The Hunter Killers, William Morrow (An imprint of Harper Collins) Davies, Peter (2017) F-105 Wild Weasel vs SA-2 Guideline SAM, Osprey Publishing Davis, Larry (1993) Wild Weasel, Squadron Signal Publishing Dobrinkin, VD, Kupriyanov A. L, Pomomarev V, G., Shustov, L.N. (2007) Radiolektronaya Borba, Vuzovskaya Kniga, Moskva Dr Carlo Kopp, (2009) The Collapse ofAmerican Air Power: The proliferation of Counter-Stealth Systems, airpoweraustralia.com Dwight Zimmerman, (2014) Area 51, Graphic History, Zenith Press Eaves, J.L. and Reedy, E.K. (2011), Principles of Modern Radar, Springer. Electronic Warfare and Radar Systems (1913) Engineering handbook, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapon Division, Point Mugu, California Electronic Warfare Fundamentals (2000), student supplementary text, Det 8, ACC TRSS, Nellis AFB Eugene E Knott; Radar Cross Section (2006), SciTech Publishing F-16.net, Holloman commander recalls being shot down in Serbia Faulconbridge, I. (2002), Radar Fundamentals, Argos Press. Fuhs, Akken (1983) Radar Cross Section Lectures, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Ganin Sergei, Korovin Vladimir, Karpenko
Aleksam, Angelyskii Rostislav, (2003) Sistema 125, Tehnika i Voruzhenie No. 5,8,9 Ganin, S.M, Karpenko, A.V (2001) Zenitnaya Rketnaya Sistema S-300, Bastion Press St. Petersburg Georg Μ. Siouris, (2004), Missile Guidance and Controls Systems, Springer Grant, Rebecca (1998) The Radar Game, Next American Century Series, IRIS Independent Research Griffiths, H.D. (2014), Stimson’s Introduction to Airborne Radar, SciTech Publishing. Haave Christopher, (2003) A-10s over Kosovo, Air University Press History of the Electro-Optical Guided Missile (2016) Hpasp Ver. 1.01 http://simhq.eom/forum/ubbthreads.php/topies/3900842/l Jeffrey, T. W. (2008), Phased Array Radar Design, SciTech Publishing. Jenkins Daniel (1999) Lockheed Martin F-117, Warbird Tech Volume 25 357
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Jenn, D.C. (2005), Radar and Laser Cross section Engineering, AIAA. Jenn, David (2005) Radar and Laser Cross Section Engineering, AIAA Education Series Jianbin Z., Kai G., Eryang Z. Research on Angle measurements ofAnti-radiation Missile, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny (Electrical Review) Kapur, Vivek (2014), Stealth Technology and Its Effect on Aerial Warfare, IDSA Monograph Series No. 33 Knott, E.E, Shaeffer, J.F. and Tuley, M.T. (2004), Radar Cross section, SciTech Publishing. Knyazkov, VS., Rozhkov, VV (1977) Boevie Raketi, DOSAAV, Moskva Konstantinos Zikidis, Alexios Skondras, Charisions Tokas (2014) Low Observable Principles, Stealth Aircraft and Anti-Stealth Technologies, Sciencepress Ltd. Koran Frantishek, Bouchal Tomash, Horak Jan (2005) SA-6 Gainful in Detail Korovin, V (2003) Raketi fakela (fakel Missiles), MKB Fakel Korovin, VN, Afanasyev P.P, Svetov VG. (2011) Petr Grushin, Znameniti Konstruktori Rossii, Politehnika, St. Petersburg Kulikov A. I. (2006) Voenoe Iskustvo v Lokalnih Voinah, Ministerstvo Oboroni RF Lambert Benjamin (2001): NATO Air War for Kosovo, RAND Corporation Leonov, A.P. and others (2015) Voiskovaya Protiwozdushanay Oborona 19152015, Zbornik Levanon, N. (1988), Radar Principles, Wiley-Interscience. Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Lockheed_F-l 17_ Nighthawk Lynch, David (2004) Introduction to RF Stealth, Scitech Publishing Mark A. Richards, James A. Scheer, William A. Holm, Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles (2010), SciTech Publishing Mark Johnson USMC, Jessica Meyeraan, USAF,
(2003), Military Deception, Joint Forces Staff College Mihajlovic Mihajlo, Arșic Stanislav (2003) Specijalne Snage Sveta (World Special Forces) Novinsko Izdavački Centar Vojska, Beograd Mihajlovic, Mihajlo, (1994) Proporcionalno vodjenje ֊ Proportional Guidance), Faculty of Technical Sciences (Fakultet Tehničkih Nauka) Novi Sad, Serbia Miller, Jay Skunk (1995) Works, Aerofax, Midland Publishing Narcelo B. Perotoni, Luiz Aleberto de Andrade, Mirabel Cerqueria Rezende, Radar Cross Section of a stealthy aircraft using electromagnetic simulation in the X and in VHF/UHF bands, Researchgate Naval Training Command Gunner’s Mate, NAVTRA 10200-8 www. mycitymiltary.com Nepokoev, F. K. (1991) Střelba Zenitnim Raketami, Voenoe Izdateltvo, Moskva Nerri, Filippo (2006), Introduction to Electronic Defense Systems, Artech House 358
FURTHER READING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Nicolaescu, I (2006) Radar Absorbing Materials Used for target Camouflage, Military Technical Academy, Bucharest, Romania O’Donnell, Robert, Radar System Engineering lectrures, IEEE New Hampshire Section Osnovi Postroenia Zenitnogo Rakenogo Kompleksa S-125M, (1973) Ministry of Defence USSR Pace, Steve (1999) F-22 Raptor, McGraw-Hill Palumbo, Neil (2010), Basic Principles of Homing Guidance, John Hopkins Technical Digest, Vol 29 Peebles, P.Z. (1998), Radar Principles, Wiley-Interscience. Pervov, Mikhail (2012) Raskazi о Ruskih Raketah, Stolicnaya Enciklopédia, Moskva Peyton Z. Peebles jr., (1998) Radar Principles, John Wiley Sons Inc Poisel, Richard (2013), Information Warfare and Electronic Warfare Systems, Artech House Pokorni, Slavko (2001), Tendencije Razvoja Pasivnih Mamaca, Vojno Tehnički Glasnik, Serbia Pyotr Ufimtsev, (2007) Fundamental of the Physical Theory of Diffraction, Wiley-Interscience Radic Aleksandar, (2012) Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdusna Odbrana Vojske Srbije, Medija Centar Odbrana, Beograd Richards, M.A. (2005), Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, McGraw Education. Richards, M.A., Scheer, J.A. and Holm, WA. (2010), Principles of Modern Radar-Basic Principles, SciTech Publishing. Richardson Doug, (2001) Stealth Warplanes, MBI Publishing Company Roger N. McDermott (2017) Russia’s Electronic Warfare Capabilities to 2025, Estonian MoD Ross Simpson, (2002), Stealth Down, Narwhal Press S-125 Neva/Pechora Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125_ Neva/Pechora SAM Simulator, https://sites.google.com/site/samsimulatorl972/home
Scott Bill (1991) Inside the Stealth Bomber, The B-2 Story, TAB Aero Shaefer, John, Understanding Stealth, Marietta Scientific Inc. Singh, Mohinder (1988), Electronic Warfare, DESIDOC, India Skolnik, M.I. (2002), Introduction to Radar Systems, McGraw-Hill Education. Skolnik, M.I. (2008), Radar Handbook, McGraw-Hill Education. Stanicaya SNR-125M1, Tehnicekoe Opisanie I, II, II, IV (1982), Voenoe Izdatelstvo MO SSSR Stealth Special (2017) Aviation news December 2017 Steven J. Zaloga, (2000) The Evolving SAM Threat: Kosovo and Beyond, Journal of Electronic Defense, May 2000, 359
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Sukharevsky O., (2009) Raseyanie Elektromagnetnih Voin Vozdushim I Nazemnim Radiolokacionim Obyektam, Kharkiv Air Forces University Sweetman Bill, Goodal James, Lockheed F-l 17A (1990), Haynes T.O.GR1F-16CJ-1-1 Flight Manual F-16C/D (2003) T.O.GR1F-16CJ-34-1-1 Avionics and Nonnuclear Weapons Delivery Flight Manual, F-16C/D (1997) Taktika Zenitnih Raketnih Voisk, Uchebnik (1969) Ministerstvo Obo- roni SSSR Tehnika i Voruzhenie (1999-2018) Teperin L.L.,Vozhdaev V V (2018) Kharakteristiki Radiolokatsionnoy Žametnosti Letatelnih Aparatov, FizMatLit, Moskva The Soviet SA-3 Missile System (1965) Scientific Intelligence Report, Office of Scientific Intelligence Toomay, J.C. (2004), Radar Principles for Non-specialist, SciTech Publishing. Tuzlukov, V (2012), Signal Processing in Radar Systems, CRC Press. Vakin, Sergei A., Shustov, Lev N., Dunwell, Robert H. (2001), Fundamentals of Electronic Warfare, Artech House Video material: Discovery Video Material: Dozvolite Video Material: RTS Video material: Sdelano v SSSR Video material: TV Zvezda, Voenaya Priyomka Video material: Samiy-Samiy Video material: Udarnaya Sila Video material: Zastava Film Voruzhenie PVOI RES Rossii (Air Defence Weapons and Electronic Systems of Russia) (2011) Rosoboronexport, Moskva Vozusno Kosmicheskaya Oborona 2007-2015 Warren J. Board, John B. Hoffman (2016), Air and Missile Defense System Engineering, CRC Press Whitcomb, Darrel (2014), Team Sport Combat Search and Rescue over Serbia 1999, Air Power, Fall 2014 William D. Hartung,(2011) Prophets of War, Lockheed Martin and
the Making of the Military-Industrial Complex, Nation Books Yanushevsky, Rafael, (2011) Guidance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, CRC Press Zenitni Raketni Kompleksi PVO Suhoputniy Voisk, ( 1997), Tehnika i Voruzhenie Zhirkov VM. (2003) Analiz Konstruktivniih Osobenosti i Ocenka Effikasnosti Boevogo Primenenia Razlichnih Modifikácii ZRKTipa S-125, CNII MO RF ZRK Kub, Ruskie Tanki, (2013) Eaglemoss Collection 360
Index 250th Missile Brigade, 180, 187, 193, 195, 201,213, 269, 280 3rd Battalion, 187-8, 190, 212-15, 224, 227, 233, 241, 251, 255-6, 273,275,280, 289 5V24, 102-103 5V27, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107 5V27D, 111, 114, 116, 117, 191,255 9K37, 322-4 9K317M, 324-5 A A-10,43, 241, 249, 258, 291 acoustic stealth, 42-3 Allied Force, 180, 184, 229-30, 232, 244,255, 281-3, 303 Angolan border war, 145 Anicie, Djordje, 128, 187-8, 193, 196, 198-205, 210-11, 227-8, 261-7, 280 antenna, 2-16, 18-22, 29,42, 45, 46, 48, 58, 67, 75, 84, 94, 99-104, 110, 202, 216-219, 224-227, 245-247 Aviano, air-base, 229, 230, 238-239, 252,276 AWACS, 22,145,241,291 azimuth, 10, 15-16, 18, 20, 22-3, 45-6, 48, 50, 56, 58, 70, 99-103, 195, 196, 202-203, 216-20, 225-7, 263^1, 271-2 В B-1B, 33,213 B-2, 26, 28, 31-5, 37-8,44-5, 43, 76-8, 102, 151, 183-4, 213, 270, 238-9, 267-73, 279-80, 301, 306 B-52, 27, 146, 151, 184, 213, 270 Batajnica, air base, 180, 195, 213, 241 beam rider, 81, 84, 87, 93 Bekaa Valley, 53, 142 Belgrade, 169,177,184,195,202,230, 235,237, 249,250, 261-70, 279 Budjanovci, 209, 273, 275 BUK/SA-11,322 C camouflage, field, 66, 98, 130, 188, 238, 283-5 cancellation-active, 29, 39 cancellation-passive, 29, 38 chaffs, 50, 55-6 Chengdu J-20, 291, 298, 330 Clark, Wesley, 283—4 CNIIVKKO, 279 CSAR, 230, 234, 237, 240-5, 249, 249-52 D Dani, Zoltan, 187, 193, 198-202, 204-205, 211, 228, 275, 280 DARPA, 148-50, 153 361
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER deception, 48-54, 143, 167, 173, 283 4 decoy, 50, 297-9, 303 decoy-saturation, 52-3 decoy-towed, 4, 50, 53—4, 204, 254, 263, 267-8 Denys, Overholser, 71, 150, 152 Desert Storm, 122, 146, 163, 173, 181, 191,229 Dotlić, Bosko, 187, 253-5, 259 frequency, radar, 6-7, 13, 18-19, 21, 24, 26, 35-6, 38-41,47-8, 50-2, 55, 58, 70-2, 76, 96, 130, 134, 157,218-19,224-5, 232, 236, 276, 295, 300, 307 G geometric theory of diffraction, 68-9 Goldfein, David, 255-8, 261 guidance, CLOS, 81, 87, 93, 95 guidance, command, 6, 79, 82—4, 87 guidance, missile, 44, 56, 79, 97, 114 E E-З Sentry, 183 4, 231, 248 EA-6B, 33, 50, 124, 184, 231, 258, 276,289 Egypt, 111,121, 134-40,293, 323, 328 electronic warfare, 40, 52, 57, 59-60, 138,184 ELINT, 52, 173, 196, 276 Eurofighter Typhoon, 27,44, 298-9 H HARM, 16, 120, 124-32, 146, 193, 196, 202, 212, 224, 241, 256, 267, 276, 289 Have Blue, 150, 159-60, 164 Holloman, 174,229 Horten Ho-229, 64-6 I Fl (angle), 100, 200-19,223-7, 253^1, 263, 268 F-15,27, 141, 145, 151, 183-4,231, 241, 249, 297 F-16,27, 33, 1234, 126, 141, 144-7, 182-3, 213, 231, 237, 241, 248-9, 252, 255-6, 258, 270, 276, 289 F-117A, 24-6, 28, 153-5, 157, 159-61, 163, 167-74, 182-4, 186, 206, 213, 227, 229-34, 237, 241, 245-9, 271, 275, 277-9, 289, 294 F2 (angle), 100, 200-19, 223-7, 253-5, 263, 271 F-22,25, 28, 38, 43, 45, 76-8, 151, 246, 294-7 F-35,28, 38,44, 76, 78, 217, 246, 294-7, 300 flares, 44, 55-7, 181, 233,236, 251 frequency, operational band, 18-19 IAF (Israeli Air Forces), 136-145, 147, 327 information warfare, 63 institute 108, 69 integrated air
defence, 45,48,52,60,246 J Jakovo (military base), 180 jamming, 20,47-52,54-5,57, 59-60, 62-3,97,114,131,142-5, 191,225, 231,266,296,304,308,311-12,325 Just Cause, 171 К Kelly, Clarence Johnson, 149, 152 Kosovo, 176-80, 184, 249, 276, 28 W, 286-7 KUB/SA-6, 97, 105, 142, 146, 180, 323, 330 362
INDEX L Low Blow, 97, 99, 224-5, 254, 256, 265, 302 R Radar, general, 1 radar absorbing materials, 26, 35 radar cross section, 11-12, 23-5, 27, 40-1,54-5, 67, 70, 75, 95, 113, 151, 182, 246, 278, 290-1 radar cross section reduction, 40, 300 radar display, 16, 20, 50, 60 radar fundamentals, 5 radar imitator, 128-9, 196-7, 202, 216, 227, 241, 253-5, 256, 265-6, 277, 287, 244, 254, 275, 307 radar range, 5 radar range equation, 11, 13, 145 radar warning receiver, 57-8, 127, 162, 171,232-3,245 radar, applications, 5, 21 readiness, 97, 187-9, 195, 198, 200, 211,213-14, 261,263,309 Rich, Ben, 149-52 Μ magnetron, 2-6 maintenance issues, F-l 17, 170 Maletic, Djordje, 200-201 Matic, Dragan, 200-201, 204-205, 253,271 Maxwell, James Clark, 1, 151 method of edge waves, 70 MiG-29, 27, 146, 167, 184, 195, 254, 262, 284, 330 Muminovič, Senad, 200-205, 220, 227 N NATO, 48, 103, 124, 130, 178, 181^1, 194, 196, 248, 269, 281-7, 289 NEBO-M, 303-304, 312 Neva, system, 96-7, 106, 111, 224, 268, 287 Nikolic, Darko, 200-202, 204, 219 О OsirakRaid, 141 P P-15, 103-105, 110, 114, 174, 224, 241,302 P-18, 110, 174, 194, 198-201, 203, 208, 211-12, 215-16, 223, 227, 253, 263, 265, 277, 302 Pechora, 96, 111-17, 121, 180, 293 Physical Theory of Diffraction, 70-2, 75 plasma, 29, 40-2 Praga, M53/59, 262-1, 283 Project Harvey, 148 proportional navigation, 80, 91, 93 pursuit, 80, 88-9, 95 S S-125, 94, 96, 99, 103, 110, 112, 121, 134, 180, 227, 287, 291,293 S-125M, 106, 111-12, 200 S-300, 246, 297, 309,312-14, 317-21,329-31 S-400, 300,307-309,311-14 S-500, 307-309 SA-3 GOA, 96-7, 116, 121 SA-7/Strela-2, 45,
116, 159, 287 SEAD, 51, 53, 61, 122-3, 143, 173, 181,212, 231, 253-4, 256 Serbia, Serbian, 2, 77, 111, 124, 176-81,213,227, 230, 233, 235, 240-1, 243, 248-52, 255-8, 261, 267, 269-72, 275, 277-79, 281^1, 287-91,293 Shenyang J-31, 298 Skunk Works, 149-52, 168, 247 SNR-125, 97, 99, 106, 114, 226 363
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Spacvan forest, 267, 269, 271 SR-71 Blackbird, 37, 38,45, 150, 168 stealth, general info, 24, 31, 33, 36, 3 8,40, 42-4, 64—7,71,75-8, 148-2 stealth principles, 68 Stoimenov, Boris, 187, 198, 200-201 Su-57, 27, 78, 278, 291, 297-8, 306 Syrian civil war, 147 UV-11, antenna, 100,224-5 UV-12, antenna, 100, 225-37 V Vega-31, 230, 240-1, 243^1, 249, 251 VIKO, screen, 198, 200, 215-16, 253, 263 W Tesla, Nikola, 2 three point (guidance), 87, 93^1, 216, 267 Tiosavljevic, Dejan, 200-201, 205 Tuzla, airport, 244, 248, 251, 258, 269-70 Waltering, Garry 8th Squadron CO, 186, 229 War of Attrition, 134-5, 327 Watson-Watt, Robert, 3-5 wavelength, 2, 5, 10, 12,24, 26, 33, 39,44, 56, 57, 64, 71, 78, 99-100, 155,164,196, 300-301, 305-306 U Y U-2, 28, 37, 77 Ufimtsev, Pyotr Yakovlevic, 69-72, 75, 151-2 UNK, cabin, 98-100, 114, 116, 128, 191, 194, 196, 198-202, 205, 210, 212-13, 215, 219, 227, 253, 261, 263-5, 270-1 UV-10, antenna, 99, 100, 224-6 Yom Kippur, 121, 135-6, 142, 148 Yugoslavia, 47, 124, 171, 176, 178, 181,184,186, 213, 230, 237, 248, 269-70, 278, 284, 309 T Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München ------------ ՜ . 7 X Zelko, Dale, 184, 229-33, 235-8, 240-5, 249-52 364
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Contents Preface Foreword Neva against the STEALTH The past is not to be forgotten. it is the path into the future Organization of this Book About the Authors Chapter One Early History of Radar Radar Fundamentals Radar System and Radar Range Radar Range Equation Detection Range The Antenna Radar Displays Radar Classification Basic Radar Functions Military Applications of Radar Systems Radar Cross Section (RCS) Estimated radar cross section for some targets Reducing RCS Radar Absorbing Materials (RAM) Integrated Air Defence Systems (IADS) Radar Jamming Decoys Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) Electronic Warfare (EW) Information Warfare ix xii xii xvi xviii xix 1 1 5 5 11 13 14 16 18 20 21 23 27 29 35 45 47 52 57 59 63
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Chapter Two Stealth The Stealth Challenge The Stealth Approach Stealth Principles Scientific Theory behind the Stealth Disadvantages of Stealth 64 64 66 66 68 68 75 Chapter Three Missile Guidance Types of guidance systems 79 79 80 Chapter Four Missile Complex S-125 ‘Neva7SA-3 Goa SNR-125 ‘Low Blow’ Fire Control and Engagement Radar 5V24 and 5V27 Surface-to-Air Guided Missiles ZRK S-125M ‘Neva-M’ Missile System S-125M1 (S-125M1A) ‘Neva-M 1’ The ‘Pechora’ Pechora-2A Upgraded Surface-to-Air Missile System Pechora-2M and ML Upgraded Missile System Chapter Five Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) Against the Radar HARM New Century Chapter Six SA-3/S-125 Combat Engagements War of Attrition and Yom Kippur War ‘Small Wars’ The Osirak Raid Bekaa Valley Angolan Border Wars Operation Desert Storm Syrian Civil War vi 96 96 99 102 106 111 111 113 114 119 119 124 132 134 134 13 5 141 141 142 145 146 147
CONTENTS Chapter Seven The First Stealth Programme Hopeless Diamond and Have Blue Maintenance Issues Just Cause Desert Storm 148 148 150 170 171 173 Chapter Eight Prelude to War Yugoslav Order of Battle USAF and NATO Order of Battle Attack 3rd Battalion March 26 March 27 23 Seconds How Missile Battalion Works Combat Crew ֊ The Shift Fighting Sequences Immediately After. Vega Three-One The Mystery of the Radar Warning Receiver (RWR) Combat Search and Rescue (CSAR) F-16CG Hammer Three-Four Something VERY BIG was in the air. ‘Intelligence Games and Throwing Dust in Eyes’ 176 176 180 182 184 187 194 196 200 210 214 224 227 229 245 248 252 256 261 273 Chapter Nine Aftermath Successful Deception Measures Fixed Air Defences Damaged but Mobile Air Defences Survived F-l 17A Retirement and Beyond Future of SAM vs Stealth Stealth Aircraft Counter-Stealth Radar Systems Anti-Antiradiation Missile Techniques Air Defence Systems S-300/SA-10 vii 281 281 283 287 289 294 294 300 306 307 314
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Favorit Air Defence Missile System S-300PMU2 ADMS/SA-20 S-300V/SA-12 S-350Vityaz 9K3 7 BUK/SA-11, SA-17 9K317M-BUKM3 BUK Combat Service Soviet/Russian Missile Systems in the West 317 319 320 322 322 325 326 327 332 334 334 356 361 Appendix Glossary Glossary and Abbreviations Further Reading and Bibliography Index viii
Further Reading and Bibliography 1999 F-117A Shootdown, Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/1999_F-l 17A_ shoot- down Adamy, David L. (2011), Electronic Warfare Pocket Guide, Scitech Publishing Advanced Anti-radiation Guided Missile (AARGM) (2009) NDIA guns and missiles conference Air Force Magazine, September 2016 Air Power Over Serbia (2014), Air Power History, Fall 2014 issue Airpower Australia, http://www.ausairpower.net, miscellaneous articles Allen Patrick, Special Forces Aviation, MBI Publishing Company Andersen. Yu. A., DrozhkinA. I., LozikP.M. (1979)Protiwozdushnaya Oborona Suhoputnih Voisk, Voeno Izdatestvo Ministerstvo Oboroni SSSR, Moskva Andrea De Martino, (2012) Introduction to Modern EW Systems, Artech House Anicie, Djordje. (2009), Smena - Ratni Dnevnik (The Shift - War Diary) Anil К Maini (2018), Handbook of Defense Electronics and Optronics, Wiley Arhangelski I. I., (2001) Proektirovanie Zenitnih Upravlyaemih Raket, Moskovskii Aviacioni Institut (MAI) Aviation Classics F-16 Fighting Falcon Aviatsia i Kosmonavtika (1999-2018) Balajrishnan R., (1998), Guided Weapon System Design, DRDO, India Balkanı 1991-2000, Voina vVazduhe 10 Banjac Dusan (1986): Elektronska Borba u Protiwazdusnoj Odbrani, Vojno Tehnički Izdavači Centar, Beograd Barton D.K. (2012), Radar Equations for Modem Radar, Artech House. Barton, D.K. (1972-1978), Radars Volumes 1-7, Artech House. Ben Rich, Leo Janos (1996) Skunk Works: A personal memoir of my years in Lockheed Bipin Kumar Jha, Mayur Somnath Aswale (2016) Mechanical Aspects in Stealth Technology: review, IJETR, Volume 4 Blast from the
Past - Interview of Col. Dale Zelko to Carlos Lorch, Director and Chief Editor of the ‘National Brazilian Air Force Magazine, Volume 5, Issue 1 Bowdoin Van Riper, A. Rockets and Missiles, (2004) Greenwood Press 356
FURTHER READING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Cadirci, Serdar (2010) Atmospheric Effects on Communication and Electronic Warfare Systems Within Turkey and Surrounding Areas, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Charvat, G.L. (2014), Small and Short-Range Radar Systems, CRC Press. Crickmore, Paul (2000), Lockheed’s Blackworld Skunk Works, Osprey Publishing Crickmore, Paul (2016) Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk Stealth Fighter, Osprey Publishing Dan Hampton (2015), The Hunter Killers, William Morrow (An imprint of Harper Collins) Davies, Peter (2017) F-105 Wild Weasel vs SA-2 Guideline SAM, Osprey Publishing Davis, Larry (1993) Wild Weasel, Squadron Signal Publishing Dobrinkin, VD, Kupriyanov A. L, Pomomarev V, G., Shustov, L.N. (2007) Radiolektronaya Borba, Vuzovskaya Kniga, Moskva Dr Carlo Kopp, (2009) The Collapse ofAmerican Air Power: The proliferation of Counter-Stealth Systems, airpoweraustralia.com Dwight Zimmerman, (2014) Area 51, Graphic History, Zenith Press Eaves, J.L. and Reedy, E.K. (2011), Principles of Modern Radar, Springer. Electronic Warfare and Radar Systems (1913) Engineering handbook, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapon Division, Point Mugu, California Electronic Warfare Fundamentals (2000), student supplementary text, Det 8, ACC TRSS, Nellis AFB Eugene E Knott; Radar Cross Section (2006), SciTech Publishing F-16.net, Holloman commander recalls being shot down in Serbia Faulconbridge, I. (2002), Radar Fundamentals, Argos Press. Fuhs, Akken (1983) Radar Cross Section Lectures, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California Ganin Sergei, Korovin Vladimir, Karpenko
Aleksam, Angelyskii Rostislav, (2003) Sistema 125, Tehnika i Voruzhenie No. 5,8,9 Ganin, S.M, Karpenko, A.V (2001) Zenitnaya Rketnaya Sistema S-300, Bastion Press St. Petersburg Georg Μ. Siouris, (2004), Missile Guidance and Controls Systems, Springer Grant, Rebecca (1998) The Radar Game, Next American Century Series, IRIS Independent Research Griffiths, H.D. (2014), Stimson’s Introduction to Airborne Radar, SciTech Publishing. Haave Christopher, (2003) A-10s over Kosovo, Air University Press History of the Electro-Optical Guided Missile (2016) Hpasp Ver. 1.01 http://simhq.eom/forum/ubbthreads.php/topies/3900842/l Jeffrey, T. W. (2008), Phased Array Radar Design, SciTech Publishing. Jenkins Daniel (1999) Lockheed Martin F-117, Warbird Tech Volume 25 357
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Jenn, D.C. (2005), Radar and Laser Cross section Engineering, AIAA. Jenn, David (2005) Radar and Laser Cross Section Engineering, AIAA Education Series Jianbin Z., Kai G., Eryang Z. Research on Angle measurements ofAnti-radiation Missile, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny (Electrical Review) Kapur, Vivek (2014), Stealth Technology and Its Effect on Aerial Warfare, IDSA Monograph Series No. 33 Knott, E.E, Shaeffer, J.F. and Tuley, M.T. (2004), Radar Cross section, SciTech Publishing. Knyazkov, VS., Rozhkov, VV (1977) Boevie Raketi, DOSAAV, Moskva Konstantinos Zikidis, Alexios Skondras, Charisions Tokas (2014) Low Observable Principles, Stealth Aircraft and Anti-Stealth Technologies, Sciencepress Ltd. Koran Frantishek, Bouchal Tomash, Horak Jan (2005) SA-6 Gainful in Detail Korovin, V (2003) Raketi fakela (fakel Missiles), MKB Fakel Korovin, VN, Afanasyev P.P, Svetov VG. (2011) Petr Grushin, Znameniti Konstruktori Rossii, Politehnika, St. Petersburg Kulikov A. I. (2006) Voenoe Iskustvo v Lokalnih Voinah, Ministerstvo Oboroni RF Lambert Benjamin (2001): NATO Air War for Kosovo, RAND Corporation Leonov, A.P. and others (2015) Voiskovaya Protiwozdushanay Oborona 19152015, Zbornik Levanon, N. (1988), Radar Principles, Wiley-Interscience. Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Lockheed_F-l 17_ Nighthawk Lynch, David (2004) Introduction to RF Stealth, Scitech Publishing Mark A. Richards, James A. Scheer, William A. Holm, Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles (2010), SciTech Publishing Mark Johnson USMC, Jessica Meyeraan, USAF,
(2003), Military Deception, Joint Forces Staff College Mihajlovic Mihajlo, Arșic Stanislav (2003) Specijalne Snage Sveta (World Special Forces) Novinsko Izdavački Centar Vojska, Beograd Mihajlovic, Mihajlo, (1994) Proporcionalno vodjenje ֊ Proportional Guidance), Faculty of Technical Sciences (Fakultet Tehničkih Nauka) Novi Sad, Serbia Miller, Jay Skunk (1995) Works, Aerofax, Midland Publishing Narcelo B. Perotoni, Luiz Aleberto de Andrade, Mirabel Cerqueria Rezende, Radar Cross Section of a stealthy aircraft using electromagnetic simulation in the X and in VHF/UHF bands, Researchgate Naval Training Command Gunner’s Mate, NAVTRA 10200-8 www. mycitymiltary.com Nepokoev, F. K. (1991) Střelba Zenitnim Raketami, Voenoe Izdateltvo, Moskva Nerri, Filippo (2006), Introduction to Electronic Defense Systems, Artech House 358
FURTHER READING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY Nicolaescu, I (2006) Radar Absorbing Materials Used for target Camouflage, Military Technical Academy, Bucharest, Romania O’Donnell, Robert, Radar System Engineering lectrures, IEEE New Hampshire Section Osnovi Postroenia Zenitnogo Rakenogo Kompleksa S-125M, (1973) Ministry of Defence USSR Pace, Steve (1999) F-22 Raptor, McGraw-Hill Palumbo, Neil (2010), Basic Principles of Homing Guidance, John Hopkins Technical Digest, Vol 29 Peebles, P.Z. (1998), Radar Principles, Wiley-Interscience. Pervov, Mikhail (2012) Raskazi о Ruskih Raketah, Stolicnaya Enciklopédia, Moskva Peyton Z. Peebles jr., (1998) Radar Principles, John Wiley Sons Inc Poisel, Richard (2013), Information Warfare and Electronic Warfare Systems, Artech House Pokorni, Slavko (2001), Tendencije Razvoja Pasivnih Mamaca, Vojno Tehnički Glasnik, Serbia Pyotr Ufimtsev, (2007) Fundamental of the Physical Theory of Diffraction, Wiley-Interscience Radic Aleksandar, (2012) Vazduhoplovstvo i Protivvazdusna Odbrana Vojske Srbije, Medija Centar Odbrana, Beograd Richards, M.A. (2005), Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, McGraw Education. Richards, M.A., Scheer, J.A. and Holm, WA. (2010), Principles of Modern Radar-Basic Principles, SciTech Publishing. Richardson Doug, (2001) Stealth Warplanes, MBI Publishing Company Roger N. McDermott (2017) Russia’s Electronic Warfare Capabilities to 2025, Estonian MoD Ross Simpson, (2002), Stealth Down, Narwhal Press S-125 Neva/Pechora Wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-125_ Neva/Pechora SAM Simulator, https://sites.google.com/site/samsimulatorl972/home
Scott Bill (1991) Inside the Stealth Bomber, The B-2 Story, TAB Aero Shaefer, John, Understanding Stealth, Marietta Scientific Inc. Singh, Mohinder (1988), Electronic Warfare, DESIDOC, India Skolnik, M.I. (2002), Introduction to Radar Systems, McGraw-Hill Education. Skolnik, M.I. (2008), Radar Handbook, McGraw-Hill Education. Stanicaya SNR-125M1, Tehnicekoe Opisanie I, II, II, IV (1982), Voenoe Izdatelstvo MO SSSR Stealth Special (2017) Aviation news December 2017 Steven J. Zaloga, (2000) The Evolving SAM Threat: Kosovo and Beyond, Journal of Electronic Defense, May 2000, 359
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Sukharevsky O., (2009) Raseyanie Elektromagnetnih Voin Vozdushim I Nazemnim Radiolokacionim Obyektam, Kharkiv Air Forces University Sweetman Bill, Goodal James, Lockheed F-l 17A (1990), Haynes T.O.GR1F-16CJ-1-1 Flight Manual F-16C/D (2003) T.O.GR1F-16CJ-34-1-1 Avionics and Nonnuclear Weapons Delivery Flight Manual, F-16C/D (1997) Taktika Zenitnih Raketnih Voisk, Uchebnik (1969) Ministerstvo Obo- roni SSSR Tehnika i Voruzhenie (1999-2018) Teperin L.L.,Vozhdaev V V (2018) Kharakteristiki Radiolokatsionnoy Žametnosti Letatelnih Aparatov, FizMatLit, Moskva The Soviet SA-3 Missile System (1965) Scientific Intelligence Report, Office of Scientific Intelligence Toomay, J.C. (2004), Radar Principles for Non-specialist, SciTech Publishing. Tuzlukov, V (2012), Signal Processing in Radar Systems, CRC Press. Vakin, Sergei A., Shustov, Lev N., Dunwell, Robert H. (2001), Fundamentals of Electronic Warfare, Artech House Video material: Discovery Video Material: Dozvolite Video Material: RTS Video material: Sdelano v SSSR Video material: TV Zvezda, Voenaya Priyomka Video material: Samiy-Samiy Video material: Udarnaya Sila Video material: Zastava Film Voruzhenie PVOI RES Rossii (Air Defence Weapons and Electronic Systems of Russia) (2011) Rosoboronexport, Moskva Vozusno Kosmicheskaya Oborona 2007-2015 Warren J. Board, John B. Hoffman (2016), Air and Missile Defense System Engineering, CRC Press Whitcomb, Darrel (2014), Team Sport Combat Search and Rescue over Serbia 1999, Air Power, Fall 2014 William D. Hartung,(2011) Prophets of War, Lockheed Martin and
the Making of the Military-Industrial Complex, Nation Books Yanushevsky, Rafael, (2011) Guidance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, CRC Press Zenitni Raketni Kompleksi PVO Suhoputniy Voisk, ( 1997), Tehnika i Voruzhenie Zhirkov VM. (2003) Analiz Konstruktivniih Osobenosti i Ocenka Effikasnosti Boevogo Primenenia Razlichnih Modifikácii ZRKTipa S-125, CNII MO RF ZRK Kub, Ruskie Tanki, (2013) Eaglemoss Collection 360
Index 250th Missile Brigade, 180, 187, 193, 195, 201,213, 269, 280 3rd Battalion, 187-8, 190, 212-15, 224, 227, 233, 241, 251, 255-6, 273,275,280, 289 5V24, 102-103 5V27, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107 5V27D, 111, 114, 116, 117, 191,255 9K37, 322-4 9K317M, 324-5 A A-10,43, 241, 249, 258, 291 acoustic stealth, 42-3 Allied Force, 180, 184, 229-30, 232, 244,255, 281-3, 303 Angolan border war, 145 Anicie, Djordje, 128, 187-8, 193, 196, 198-205, 210-11, 227-8, 261-7, 280 antenna, 2-16, 18-22, 29,42, 45, 46, 48, 58, 67, 75, 84, 94, 99-104, 110, 202, 216-219, 224-227, 245-247 Aviano, air-base, 229, 230, 238-239, 252,276 AWACS, 22,145,241,291 azimuth, 10, 15-16, 18, 20, 22-3, 45-6, 48, 50, 56, 58, 70, 99-103, 195, 196, 202-203, 216-20, 225-7, 263^1, 271-2 В B-1B, 33,213 B-2, 26, 28, 31-5, 37-8,44-5, 43, 76-8, 102, 151, 183-4, 213, 270, 238-9, 267-73, 279-80, 301, 306 B-52, 27, 146, 151, 184, 213, 270 Batajnica, air base, 180, 195, 213, 241 beam rider, 81, 84, 87, 93 Bekaa Valley, 53, 142 Belgrade, 169,177,184,195,202,230, 235,237, 249,250, 261-70, 279 Budjanovci, 209, 273, 275 BUK/SA-11,322 C camouflage, field, 66, 98, 130, 188, 238, 283-5 cancellation-active, 29, 39 cancellation-passive, 29, 38 chaffs, 50, 55-6 Chengdu J-20, 291, 298, 330 Clark, Wesley, 283—4 CNIIVKKO, 279 CSAR, 230, 234, 237, 240-5, 249, 249-52 D Dani, Zoltan, 187, 193, 198-202, 204-205, 211, 228, 275, 280 DARPA, 148-50, 153 361
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER deception, 48-54, 143, 167, 173, 283 4 decoy, 50, 297-9, 303 decoy-saturation, 52-3 decoy-towed, 4, 50, 53—4, 204, 254, 263, 267-8 Denys, Overholser, 71, 150, 152 Desert Storm, 122, 146, 163, 173, 181, 191,229 Dotlić, Bosko, 187, 253-5, 259 frequency, radar, 6-7, 13, 18-19, 21, 24, 26, 35-6, 38-41,47-8, 50-2, 55, 58, 70-2, 76, 96, 130, 134, 157,218-19,224-5, 232, 236, 276, 295, 300, 307 G geometric theory of diffraction, 68-9 Goldfein, David, 255-8, 261 guidance, CLOS, 81, 87, 93, 95 guidance, command, 6, 79, 82—4, 87 guidance, missile, 44, 56, 79, 97, 114 E E-З Sentry, 183 4, 231, 248 EA-6B, 33, 50, 124, 184, 231, 258, 276,289 Egypt, 111,121, 134-40,293, 323, 328 electronic warfare, 40, 52, 57, 59-60, 138,184 ELINT, 52, 173, 196, 276 Eurofighter Typhoon, 27,44, 298-9 H HARM, 16, 120, 124-32, 146, 193, 196, 202, 212, 224, 241, 256, 267, 276, 289 Have Blue, 150, 159-60, 164 Holloman, 174,229 Horten Ho-229, 64-6 I Fl (angle), 100, 200-19,223-7, 253^1, 263, 268 F-15,27, 141, 145, 151, 183-4,231, 241, 249, 297 F-16,27, 33, 1234, 126, 141, 144-7, 182-3, 213, 231, 237, 241, 248-9, 252, 255-6, 258, 270, 276, 289 F-117A, 24-6, 28, 153-5, 157, 159-61, 163, 167-74, 182-4, 186, 206, 213, 227, 229-34, 237, 241, 245-9, 271, 275, 277-9, 289, 294 F2 (angle), 100, 200-19, 223-7, 253-5, 263, 271 F-22,25, 28, 38, 43, 45, 76-8, 151, 246, 294-7 F-35,28, 38,44, 76, 78, 217, 246, 294-7, 300 flares, 44, 55-7, 181, 233,236, 251 frequency, operational band, 18-19 IAF (Israeli Air Forces), 136-145, 147, 327 information warfare, 63 institute 108, 69 integrated air
defence, 45,48,52,60,246 J Jakovo (military base), 180 jamming, 20,47-52,54-5,57, 59-60, 62-3,97,114,131,142-5, 191,225, 231,266,296,304,308,311-12,325 Just Cause, 171 К Kelly, Clarence Johnson, 149, 152 Kosovo, 176-80, 184, 249, 276, 28 W, 286-7 KUB/SA-6, 97, 105, 142, 146, 180, 323, 330 362
INDEX L Low Blow, 97, 99, 224-5, 254, 256, 265, 302 R Radar, general, 1 radar absorbing materials, 26, 35 radar cross section, 11-12, 23-5, 27, 40-1,54-5, 67, 70, 75, 95, 113, 151, 182, 246, 278, 290-1 radar cross section reduction, 40, 300 radar display, 16, 20, 50, 60 radar fundamentals, 5 radar imitator, 128-9, 196-7, 202, 216, 227, 241, 253-5, 256, 265-6, 277, 287, 244, 254, 275, 307 radar range, 5 radar range equation, 11, 13, 145 radar warning receiver, 57-8, 127, 162, 171,232-3,245 radar, applications, 5, 21 readiness, 97, 187-9, 195, 198, 200, 211,213-14, 261,263,309 Rich, Ben, 149-52 Μ magnetron, 2-6 maintenance issues, F-l 17, 170 Maletic, Djordje, 200-201 Matic, Dragan, 200-201, 204-205, 253,271 Maxwell, James Clark, 1, 151 method of edge waves, 70 MiG-29, 27, 146, 167, 184, 195, 254, 262, 284, 330 Muminovič, Senad, 200-205, 220, 227 N NATO, 48, 103, 124, 130, 178, 181^1, 194, 196, 248, 269, 281-7, 289 NEBO-M, 303-304, 312 Neva, system, 96-7, 106, 111, 224, 268, 287 Nikolic, Darko, 200-202, 204, 219 О OsirakRaid, 141 P P-15, 103-105, 110, 114, 174, 224, 241,302 P-18, 110, 174, 194, 198-201, 203, 208, 211-12, 215-16, 223, 227, 253, 263, 265, 277, 302 Pechora, 96, 111-17, 121, 180, 293 Physical Theory of Diffraction, 70-2, 75 plasma, 29, 40-2 Praga, M53/59, 262-1, 283 Project Harvey, 148 proportional navigation, 80, 91, 93 pursuit, 80, 88-9, 95 S S-125, 94, 96, 99, 103, 110, 112, 121, 134, 180, 227, 287, 291,293 S-125M, 106, 111-12, 200 S-300, 246, 297, 309,312-14, 317-21,329-31 S-400, 300,307-309,311-14 S-500, 307-309 SA-3 GOA, 96-7, 116, 121 SA-7/Strela-2, 45,
116, 159, 287 SEAD, 51, 53, 61, 122-3, 143, 173, 181,212, 231, 253-4, 256 Serbia, Serbian, 2, 77, 111, 124, 176-81,213,227, 230, 233, 235, 240-1, 243, 248-52, 255-8, 261, 267, 269-72, 275, 277-79, 281^1, 287-91,293 Shenyang J-31, 298 Skunk Works, 149-52, 168, 247 SNR-125, 97, 99, 106, 114, 226 363
SHOOTING DOWN THE STEALTH FIGHTER Spacvan forest, 267, 269, 271 SR-71 Blackbird, 37, 38,45, 150, 168 stealth, general info, 24, 31, 33, 36, 3 8,40, 42-4, 64—7,71,75-8, 148-2 stealth principles, 68 Stoimenov, Boris, 187, 198, 200-201 Su-57, 27, 78, 278, 291, 297-8, 306 Syrian civil war, 147 UV-11, antenna, 100,224-5 UV-12, antenna, 100, 225-37 V Vega-31, 230, 240-1, 243^1, 249, 251 VIKO, screen, 198, 200, 215-16, 253, 263 W Tesla, Nikola, 2 three point (guidance), 87, 93^1, 216, 267 Tiosavljevic, Dejan, 200-201, 205 Tuzla, airport, 244, 248, 251, 258, 269-70 Waltering, Garry 8th Squadron CO, 186, 229 War of Attrition, 134-5, 327 Watson-Watt, Robert, 3-5 wavelength, 2, 5, 10, 12,24, 26, 33, 39,44, 56, 57, 64, 71, 78, 99-100, 155,164,196, 300-301, 305-306 U Y U-2, 28, 37, 77 Ufimtsev, Pyotr Yakovlevic, 69-72, 75, 151-2 UNK, cabin, 98-100, 114, 116, 128, 191, 194, 196, 198-202, 205, 210, 212-13, 215, 219, 227, 253, 261, 263-5, 270-1 UV-10, antenna, 99, 100, 224-6 Yom Kippur, 121, 135-6, 142, 148 Yugoslavia, 47, 124, 171, 176, 178, 181,184,186, 213, 230, 237, 248, 269-70, 278, 284, 309 T Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München ------------ ՜ . 7 X Zelko, Dale, 184, 229-33, 235-8, 240-5, 249-52 364 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Mihajlović, Mihajlo S. |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1259833232 (DE-588)1259833895 |
| author_facet | Mihajlović, Mihajlo S. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Mihajlović, Mihajlo S. |
| author_variant | m s m ms msm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV048200205 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1334029780 (DE-599)BVBBV048200205 |
| era | Geschichte 1999 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1999 |
| format | Book |
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Mihajlović & Djordje S. Anićić</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Barnsley</subfield><subfield code="b">Pen & Sword</subfield><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xx, 364 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Karten (schwarz-weiß)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">With its futuristic and unmistakable design, the Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk, the so-called 'Stealth Fighter', was the wonder of the age. 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| id | DE-604.BV048200205 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T19:46:24Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:31:49Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781526780423 |
| language | English |
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| physical | xx, 364 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten (schwarz-weiß) |
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| spelling | Mihajlović, Mihajlo S. Verfasser (DE-588)1259833232 aut Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century Mihajlo (Mike) S. Mihajlović & Djordje S. Anićić Barnsley Pen & Sword 2021 xx, 364 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten (schwarz-weiß) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier With its futuristic and unmistakable design, the Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk, the so-called 'Stealth Fighter', was the wonder of the age. Virtually undetectable by radar, this ground-attack aircraft could slip unseen through enemy defences to deliver its deadly payload on unsuspecting targets. Its effectiveness had been well demonstrated during the Gulf War of 1991, during which the F-117A achieved almost legendary status. But, at 20.42 hours on 27 March 1999, the military and aviation worlds were stunned when the impossible happened - a virtually obsolete Soviet-built surface-to-air missile system which had first been developed more than thirty years earlier, detected and shot down an F-117A, callsign 'Vega 31'. This incident took place during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia during the Kosovo War. It was, and remains, at least officially, the only time that a stealth aircraft was detected and shot down by a ground-based missile system. In this book the authors, both of whom served in the Kosovo War, take the reader through every moment of that astounding event, from both the perspective of Lieutenant Colonel Dani's 3rd Battalion, 250th Air Defence Missile Brigade, a Yugoslav Army unit, and that of the pilot of the F-117A, Lieutenant Colonel Darrell Patrick Zelko, who ejected and survived the loss of his aircraft. The reader is placed in the cabin of the missile fire control centre and alongside 'Dale' Zelko in the cockpit of his stealth fighter as each second dramatically unfolds. Stealth characteristics are now regarded as a standard part of modern military aircraft design but with each generation of aircraft becoming increasingly, almost cripplingly, expensive to produce and operate compared with the simpler surface-to-air defence systems, the outcome of the battle between missile and stealth hangs in the balance. That this is the case might be seen in the strange fact that it is claimed that two other F-117As did not return to the U.S. at the end of the Kosovo War, though, mysteriously, their fate has never been revealed. Were they too victims of Yugoslav missiles? Though intended for the general reader, _Shooting Down the Stealth Fighter_ covers the technical details of the weapons involved and their deployment - and the authors should know, as one of them, Djordje Anicic, was a member of the Yugoslav team which brought down Zelko's aircraft Geschichte 1999 gnd rswk-swf Kosovo-Krieg (DE-588)4547508-8 gnd rswk-swf Flugzeugabschuss (DE-588)4154779-2 gnd rswk-swf F-117 (DE-588)4470942-0 gnd rswk-swf Jugoslawien (DE-588)4028966-7 gnd rswk-swf Kosovo War, 1998-1999 / Aerial operations, American F-117 (Jet attack plane) Kosovo (Republic) 1998-1999 Jugoslawien (DE-588)4028966-7 g Kosovo-Krieg (DE-588)4547508-8 s F-117 (DE-588)4470942-0 s Flugzeugabschuss (DE-588)4154779-2 s Geschichte 1999 z DE-604 Anićić, Djordje S. Sonstige (DE-588)1259833895 oth Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033581242&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033581242&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033581242&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Mihajlović, Mihajlo S. Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century Kosovo-Krieg (DE-588)4547508-8 gnd Flugzeugabschuss (DE-588)4154779-2 gnd F-117 (DE-588)4470942-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4547508-8 (DE-588)4154779-2 (DE-588)4470942-0 (DE-588)4028966-7 |
| title | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century |
| title_auth | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century |
| title_exact_search | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century |
| title_full | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century Mihajlo (Mike) S. Mihajlović & Djordje S. Anićić |
| title_fullStr | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century Mihajlo (Mike) S. Mihajlović & Djordje S. Anićić |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century Mihajlo (Mike) S. Mihajlović & Djordje S. Anićić |
| title_short | Shooting down the Stealth Fighter |
| title_sort | shooting down the stealth fighter eyewitness accounts from those who were there the last war in the twentieth century |
| title_sub | eyewitness accounts from those who were there ; the last war in the twentieth century |
| topic | Kosovo-Krieg (DE-588)4547508-8 gnd Flugzeugabschuss (DE-588)4154779-2 gnd F-117 (DE-588)4470942-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kosovo-Krieg Flugzeugabschuss F-117 Jugoslawien |
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