Putin's war on Ukraine: Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
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London
Hurst & Company
2023
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| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Physical Description: | v, 584 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781787388512 |
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Record in the Search Index
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CONTENTS 1. Putin’s War on Ukraine 1 2. Russia Tries to Overturn the Euro-Maidan Revolution 33 3. Brinkmanship and the Unfreezing of the Ukraine War 73 4. The “Special Military Operation” Begins 113 5. Russia Downsizes its Goals in Ukraine 151 6. Russia’s Summer War 187 7. Counter-Offensive and Mobilisation 225 8. Russia’s Isolation from the West and the Post-Soviet Space 265 9. Russia Pivots to the East 305 10. The Resilience of Russia’s Influence in the Global South 343 Conclusion 381 Notes 411 Index 535
INDEX Aidar Battalion, 78, 123-4, 191 AIR Center, 300 air-to-surface missiles, 200 Airborne Division, 101st (US), 284 airspace violations, 280 Ajaokuta, Nigeria, 368 Akhmat, 251, 257 Akhmetov, Rinat, 48-9, 61, 101, 102 Akkuyu nuclear power plant, Turkey, 345, 347 Akopov, Petr, 143, 178 Aksyonov, Sergiy, 42, 46, 81, 122, 159, 237, 242 Akufo-Addo, Nana, 370 Akunin, Boris, 53 Albania, 290, 293 alcohol, 132, 185, 191, 235, 236 Alekhin, Gennady, 231 Alekperov, Vagit, 348 Aleppo, Syria, 158, 167, 359 Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 10 Alexander III, Emperor of Russia, 331 Alfa-Bank, 174 Algeria, 28, 51, 260, 355 Alimov, Alexander, 194 Alipov, Denis, 306 Aliyev, Ilham, 301 Alksnis, Irina, 89 Abdi, Mazoum, 359 Abdulla, Abdulkhaleq, 362, 364 Abdullah II, King of Jordan, 364 Abe, Shinzo, 336, 339 Abkhazia, 107, 111, 287, 288, 303, 323 Aboul Gheit, Ahmed, 355 Abramovich, Roman, 146, 350-51, 363, 404 Abrams tanks, 391 Abu Dhabi, UAE, 360 Abu Dukhan, Nidal, 354 Acron PJSC, 376 Admiral Kuznetsov, 68 adoption laws, 164-5 Aerospace Industrial Organization (Iran), 328 Afghanistan, 163, 178 NATO War (2001-21), 311, 324, 329, 362 Soviet War (1979-89), 16, 115, 183,317 Taliban Emirate (2021-), 306, 318, 332, 335-6, 362 Africa, 365-71, 384 African Union, 270, 366 Agranovsky, Dmitry, 173-4 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 324 Aho, Esko, 267 AHS Krab howitzers, 190 Allende, Salvador, 42 Alrosa Diamond, 351 535
INDEX Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD), 64, 270-71 aluminium, 174 Alyahya, Mohammed, 362 Amirabdhollahian, Hossein, 323 ammonia, 118, 360 Amur River, 309 AMX-10RC armoured tanks, 391 Andersson, Magdalena, 279 Andriushchenko, Petro, 158 Angola, 310 annexations Crimea (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66, 313 Eastern Ukraine (2022), 226, 2449, 251,265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Anonymous, 131 Anpilogov, Alexey, 222 Anschluss (1938), 53, 283 Antalya Diplomacy Forum, 146, 147 anthrax, 120 anti-air defence systems, 16, 116-17, 129, 135 anti-aircraft missiles, 116, 117, 177, 197 Anti-Orange Protests (2012), 40 anti-personnel mines, 183 anti-Semitism, 127, 352-4 anti-ship missiles, 139, 156, 177, 199 anti-tank missiles, 83, 116-17, 135, 177, 210, 274, 326 anti-tank systems/weapons, 15, 108, 116-17, 177 Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 anti-war movement, 19, 20, 25, 52-3, 93, 144-6, 177, 183-4, 382 emigration, 20, 288, 293, 300, 346-7 mobilisation and, 241-2 protests, 19, 20, 52-3, 144-5, 183, 241-2,382 Antonov Airport, Kyiv, 134, 288 536 Antonov, Anatoly, 259 Antonovskiy Bridge, Kherson, 138, 202 Aoun, Michel, 365 Apple, 142 Arab League, 260, 270, 343, 355 Arab Spring (2011), 12, 40, 164 Arab world, 355-65 Arabat Spit, Kherson, 43 al-Arabiya, 362 Arakhamia, David, 148 Arctic region, 307, 344, 401 Arestovych, Oleksiy, 95, 99, 191, 196, 197, 220, 227, 239, 251, 285, 390 Argentina, 29, 371, 373, 374, 375 Arkhangelsk, Russia, 181 Arkhangelske, Kherson, 226 Armenia, 28, 37, 45, 66, 90, 107, 162, 265, 299-300, 326 Nagorno-Karabakh
conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 arms control, 92-3, 181, 409 Army-2022 International Forum, 348 artillery, 15, 16, 57, 154 British supply of, 177, 197 Bucha massacre and, 168 Donbas War (2014-22), 57 Kherson, battle for, 202, 229, 383, 386, 387 Lysychansk, battle for, 191 Mariupol siege, 139, 158 NATO restrictions and, 176 North Korean supply of, 333 Odesa, battle for, 139 Pisky, levelling of, 192-3 Russian shortages of, 199, 333 Severodonetsk, battle of, 190 thermobaric, 192-3 Wagner Group and, 236 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 210 AS-15 Kent cruise missiles, 392 al-Assad, Basher, 12, 15, 70, 79-80, 253, 356, 357
INDEX Associated Press, The, 396 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 29, 70, 330, 335, 344 Astana Peace Process (2016-), 324, 357, 359 ATACMS, 391 Augusto Sandino International Airport, Managua, 374 AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Austin, Lloyd, 263, 273, 313 Australia, 32, 306, 312, 341-2 Austria-Hungary (1867-1918), 103 Austria, 10, 53, 266, 267, 283 autarky, 64 automobile industry, 401-2 Avakov, Arsen, 77, 128 Avars, 243 Avdiivka, Donetsk, 75, 109, 193 Avio, 15 Azarov, Mykola, 35, 38 Azerbaijan, 41, 66, 107, 162, 265, 282, 300-301, 304, 306, 348 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 Azizi, Hamidreza, 326 Azot chemical plant, Severodonetsk, 190, 191 Azov Regiment, 58, 127, 140, 155-6, 171-2, 174, 194-5, 221, 360, 404 Nazism and, 100, 123, 125, 171 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 140, 155, 158, 172, 221,269,282 Babayurt, Dagestan, 243 Babich, Dmitry, 109, 121 Bahrain, 360 Bajwa, Qamar Javed, 329-30 Bakhmut, Donetsk, 188, 190, 192, 257, 382-5 Balakliia, Kharkiv, 230, 231 Balakovo, Russia, 262 Balitsky, Yevgeny, 214 Balkans, 289-94 Balshon, Syria, 357 Baltic Pipe, 261 Baltic Sea, 266 Baltic Sea Fleet, 22 Baltic States, 66, 127, 129, 173, 176, 198, 217, 265, 273-6, 350 Estonia, 81, 165, 221-2, 249, 273-4, 279, 349, 350, 391 Latvia, 128, 165, 249, 274-5, 350, 396 Lithuania, 91, 99, 165, 179, 209, 249, 274-6, 281,295,350 Balyrskyi, Yevgeny, 208 Balytskyi, Yevhen, 212 Bandera, Stepan, 42, 122, 123, 126, 149, 172, 352 Bangladesh, 310, 330, 363 Bank Otkritie, 141 Barabandi, Bassam, 357 Baranets, Viktor, 174 barrel bombs, 356 Bartholomew I, Patriarch of Constantinople,
81 Barzani, Nechirvan, 365 al-Bashir, Omar, 70 Bastrykin, Alexander, 120, 171, 252 Basurin, Eduard, 168 battalion tactical groups (BTGs), 94, 130, 154, 155, 193, 202, 234, 385 Battle of Antonov Airport (2022), 134, 288 Battle of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Davydiv Brid (2022), 201 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62, 74 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 567 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Enerhodar (2022), 210 Battle of Hostomel (2022), 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 537
INDEX Battle of Kamdesh (2018), 79-80 Battle of Kharkiv (2022), 105, 133, 153-4, 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246 Battle of Kherson (2022), 43, 130, 138, 139 Battle of Kursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Battle of Lysychansk (2022), 190, 191, 192 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Battle of Stalingrad (1942-3), 236 Baunov, Alexander, 234 Bavar-373 missile system, 326 Bayraktar TB-2 drones, 134, 156, 301, 346 Beasley, David, 204 Béavogui, Mohamed, 366 Beetaloo Basin, Northern Territory, 341 Beglov, Alexander, 402 Beihang University 312 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022), 312 Beirut port explosion (2020), 365 Belarus, 12, 28, 65-6, 273-4, 295-8, 381 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 110 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 295 Crimea annexation (2014), 45 Donbas War (2014-22), 65-6 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 112 EAEU treaty (2014), 66 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249, 265 EU migration crisis (2021), 99, 105 Eurasian Customs Union, 37 Iran, relations with, 326 Jeans Revolution (2006), 39 538 Lithuania, relations with, 275 logistical support, 295, 392 missiles strikes from, 296 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 127 partial mobilisation (2022), 244 peace talks (2022), 146, 149 peoples militias, 296-7 Poland, relations with, 99, 295, 299 protests (2020), 7, 12, 18, 28, 89-92, 295, 296 Putin, relationship with, 295 sanctions and, 174 Ukraine invasion (2022), 28, 130, 135 Union Treaty negotiations (2000s), 298 Wagner Group in, 12, 90 Zyabrovka airfield explosions (2022), 220 Belgorod, Russia, 219, 256,
388, 390 Belgrade, Serbia, 289, 291 Belik, Dmitry, 150 Belovezh Accords (1991), 249 Belovezhskaya Pushcha, Belarus, 149 Belovodsky, Luhansk, 246 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 309 Benghazi, Libya, 369 Bennett, Naftali, 350, 353, 354 Beorn, Waitman Wade, 166 Berdyansk, Zaporizhzhia, 56, 169, 202, 208,315,349, 394 Bereza, Yuriy, 55 Berezovets, Taras, 225, 327 Beria, Lavrentiy, 11 Berkut, 33 Berlusconi, Silvio, 268 Berman, Sheri, 26 Beryslav, Kherson, 229 Bezimenne, Donetsk, 159 Bezpalko, Bogdan, 17, 123 Bibilov, Anatoly, 288 Biden,Joseph Bielieskov, Mykola, 138, 220 Biletsky, Andriy, 124
INDEX Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky, Odesa, 285 Bilohorivka, Lysychansk, 232-3, 257 Bin Talal, Alwaleed, 364 Biological Hazard Reduction Program, 120 biological weapons, 4, 118, 119-21, 172, 270, 311 bipolar order, 315 BKF, 340 Black Sea, 5, 41, 68, 80, 137-9, 188, 212, 221,266, 281-9 grain export deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 343, 365, 404, 408 Black Sea Fleet, 13, 14, 15, 48, 67, 96, 137, 139, 156, 188, 200, 259, 346 Blahodatne, Mykolaiv, 230 Blinken, Antony, 19, 99, 109-10, 370 blitzkrieg tactics, 30, 74, 130, 230 Bluefields sea port, Nicaragua, 374 BMW, 401 BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst), 161 Bobrov, Yevgeny, 43 Bodnar, Vasily, 348 Bogdanov, Mikhail, 368 Bolentkov, Dmitry, 201 Bolivia, 46, 71 Bolotnaya Square protests (2011-12), 18, 39, 52 Bolotov, Valery, 54 Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 10, 103, 149, 346 Bolsonaro, Jair, 375 Bondarenko, Oleg, 36 Bondarev, Boris, 23, 184 Bondarev, Viktor, 362 Bordachev, Timofey, 311 Borenovic, Branislav, 294 Borisov, Yury, 377 Borodai, Alexander, 54, 172 Borodyanka, Kyiv, 157 Borrell, Josep, 19, 218, 314, 407 Bortnikov, Alexander, 22, 93, 130 Boryspil International Airport, Kyiv, 134 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 168, 289, 294 Bosporus Strait, 209, 345 Bout, Viktor, 360, 409 Boychenko, Vadym, 140, 158 Boyka Towers, 212 Boyko, Yuriy, 13 Bradley fighting vehicles, 391 Bratchuk, Serhiy, 327 Brazil, 28, 71, 260, 326, 344, 372, 373, 374, 375-6, 377 Brennan, Margaret, 307 Bretton Woods system, 175 Brezhnev, Leonid, 11, 103, 234 BRICS, 29, 344 Brilev, Sergey, 175 Brinkmanship Crisis First (2021), 94-7 Second (2022), 105-10 British Broadcasting
Corporation (BBC), 114 Bronk, Justin, 129, 169 Brovary, Kyiv, 135 Bryansk, Russia, 43, 94, 219, 241 Bucha, Kyiv, 132, 134 Bucha massacre (2022), 157, 160-62, 165, 171 Belarus and, 295 China and, 311 cognitive dissonance over, 183 disinformation on, 166-8, 171, 183, 270, 272 India and, 318 Israel and, 350 Kadyrovtsky and, 161 sanctions and, 175 Sweden and, 279 Wagner Group and, 161 Bucharest Summit (2008), 4 Budanov, Kirill, 196, 200, 390 Budanov, Kyrylo, 389 Budapest Memorandum (1994), 35, 119, 273 Buhari, Muhammadu, 368 Buk-Ml systems, 116 539
INDEX Buk-M3 systems, 389 Bulgaria, 15, 175, 281-3 Bulldozer Revolution (2000), 10, 12 Burkina Faso, 370-71 Burns, William, 6 Burundi, 213 Buryatia, 239, 240 Bushmaster armoured vehicles, 341 Buzhinsky, Evgeny, 114 CAESAR howitzers, 117, 177 Cambodia, 330, 332 Cameroon, 367, 368 Canada, 46, 63, 95, 148, 165, 213, 216-17, 250 ‘cancel culture’, 178 ‘cannon fodder’, 131, 191, 296 Cape Coega, South Africa, 367 capital punishment, 75 Caribbean, 373 Carlson, Tucker, 120, 269 Carnegie Moscow Center, 25, 234 Carpathian Ruthenia, 103-4 Caspian Flotilla, 96 Caspian Sea, 321, 325 Catherine II, Empress of Russia, 68 Caucasus region North, 105, 159 South, 266, 287, 299-301 Çavusoglu, Mevlüt, 345, 358 CBRN troops, 212—13 Center for Comprehensive European and International Studies, 16 Center for Political Conjuncture, 75 Central African Republic, 29, 80, 112, 369, 403 Central Asia, 10, 66, 266, 301-4, 316, 336 Central Asian Barometer Survey, 302 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 6 Chalko, Alexander, 359 Channel 1 (Russia), 40, 41, 44, 167, 168, 169, 180 Channel 5 (Ukraine), 39 540 Channel 24 (Ukraine), 123 Chechnya, 9, 15, 16, 23, 59, 60, 132, 133, 135, 150, 158, 173,241 Akhmat special forces, 251, 257 anti-war movement in, 242 filtration camps in, 159 Kadyrovtsy, 132, 135-6, 156, 161, 195, 207, 277 Khasavyurt Accord (1996), 150 partial mobilisation (2022), 239, 240 chemical weapons, 4, 79, 109, 118, 339, 356 Chenoy, Anuradha, 317 Cherepakha, Albert, 207 Chernihiv, Ukraine, 31, 102, 113, 130, 133, 134, 148, 169,296 Chernobaevka, Kherson, 256 Chernobyl nuclear power plant, 134, 211
Chernokozovo detention centre, Chechnya, 159 Chernyshov, Boris, 399 Chesnakov, Alexei, 75 Chesnokov, Edward, 259 children, theft of, 164-5, 256 Chile, 42, 371, 373 China, 11, 27, 28, 29, 32, 51, 80, 305, 306-16, 393 advance knowledge, 312 Afghanistan, relations with, 335 Africa, neocolonialism in, 371 Arctic crude purchase (2023), 307, 401 arms trade, 310 automobile industry, 401-2 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 309 censorship in, 311 CIPS system, 29 corn exports to, 208 Crimea crisis (2014), 46 de-escalation, 313-16 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 East China Sea dispute, 307
INDEX Hong Kong, 92, 307 India, relations with, 322 Lithuania, relations with, 275 missile arsenal, 92 Myanmar, relations with, 334 NATO, relations with, 312-14 natural gas deals, 68-9, 308 ‘no-limits’ slogan, 307 North Korea, relations with, 332 as party to conflict, 313-14 sanctions on, 313 South China Sea dispute, 69, 70, 307, 331 South Korea, relations with, 340 Taiwan, relations with, 307, 311, 340-41 Tibet, 311 trade with, 308-9, 401 Ukraine invasion (2022), 28, 306-7 Ukraine, relations with, 314-15 United States, relations with, 310-12,313,315,316 Vbstok military drills (2022), 310 war crimes, response to, 167 Winter Olympics (2022), 312 Xinjiang, 311 yuan, 308, 309, 312, 320-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), 68-9, 308 Chiron MANPADS, 340 Chizhov, Vladimir, 17, 333 cholera, 120 Chollet, Derek, 292 Chonhar Peninsula, 43 Chopin, Frédéric, 277 Chornobaivka air base, Kherson, 200 Chrupalla, Tino, 271 Chubais, Anatoly, 23, 142, 146 Churkin, Vitaly, 44 CIPS, 29 citizenship, 86—7, 202-3, 245 civilians, 250—54, 395-400 casualties, 86, 140, 178, 199, 219, 220 evacuation of, 146-7, 158, 172, 189 infrastructure, targeting of, 83, 106, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 targeting of, 21, 109, 184, 190, 201, 203, 250-54, 395-400 war crimes against, 109, 128, 157-8, 168-9, 172, 201 climate change, 27, 146 Clinton, Hillary, 40 Clunan, Anne, 9 cluster munitions, 67, 134, 169 CNN, 20 coal, 174, 176, 182, 217, 308, 340, 341, 342 Cobasna, Transnistria, 284 Cohen, Eli, 354 Coinsfera, 363 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),
12, 106-7, 299, 302 Colombia, 371-3, 376, 378 colour revolutions, 10, 12, 40, 90-92, 305, 322-3, 332 Columbia University, 7 command and communication centres, 116 ‘common European home’, 267 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 66, 303 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), 8, 24 Concord Management and Consulting, 236 Congo, Republic of, 343 Connec Electronic, 313 conscription, 131, 185, 388, 391-2, 405-6 in, Donbas republics, 233, 240, 387 partial mobilisation (2022), 31, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391 Constanta, Romania, 203 541
INDEX constitutional amendment (2019), 87 Conte, Giuseppe, 271 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 277 Corbyn, Jeremy, 270 corn, 204, 208 Corsun Pogrom (2014), 45 cosmonauts, 187 Cossacks, 185, 187 Council of Europe (COE), 27, 63, 77, 95, 100, 162, 170, 300 Council of Foreign and Defence Policy, 17, 114 Council on Inter-Ethnic Relations, 17, 123 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 COVID-19 pandemic, 6, 7, 120, 205, 269, 314, 336, 343 Crimea Black Sea Fleet in, 14, 48, 200, 220 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94, 97 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 105 electricity supplies, 212, 396 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 36 Georgian War (2008), 48 grain exports and, 207-8, 261 Kerch Bridge, 81-2, 202, 252-3, 393 Kerch Strait Agreement (2003), 81 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 Khanate (1441-1783), 58, 68 Khrushchevs handover (1954), 43 land corridor to, 153 military bases in, 14, 67 Muskovtsvo, publication of (2022), 126 North Crimean Canal, 229, 255 partial mobilisation (2022), 237, 239-40 peace talks (2022), 147 Russian annexation (1783), 58, 68, 102 542 Russian annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66, 317, 323 Russo-Ukrainian War (2022—), 31, 115, 130, 138, 139 Sevastopol drone attack (2022), 259, 261 Sevastopol lease (1997), 14 Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345, 346 teacher training in, 159 Ukrainian airstrikes on (2022), 220 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 228, 229, 390, 391, 393, 409 Ukrainisation, 45 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95—6, 220, 345 Crimean Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345, 346 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, 121 Croatia, 250, 290 cruise missiles,
16, 67, 92, 139, 199, 209, 253, 392, 396 cryptocurrencies, 321, 363 Cuba, 45, 51, 71, 318, 366, 372, 373, 374, 377-8 cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 cyber warfare, 83, 131, 274, 280 Cyprus, 51, 217, 268-9 Czech Republic, 127, 164, 165, 175, 176, 249, 267-8, 340 Czechoslovakia, 3, 11-12, 317 D-30 howitzers, 168 Dagalo, Mohamed Hamdan, 368 Dagestan, 239, 240, 243 Dai Houliang, 308 Daily Beast, The, 18 Daly, Clare, 270 Damascus University, 356 Damiba, Paul-Henri Sandaogo, 370 Danilov, Oleksii, 87, 119, 136, 219, 221, 287, 395 Danube River, 203 Dardanelles Strait, 345, 358
INDEX Dariivka Bridge, Kherson, 255 Davydiv Brid, Kherson, 201 Day of National Unity, 245 de-communisation, 125 de-dollarisation, 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347, 363 de-militarisation, 1,4, 114-21, 147, 397, 407 de-nazification, 1, 4, 11, 31, 96, 114, 121-8, 147-9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352, 407 de-occupation law, 77 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170 de-Ukrainisation, 164, 179 Debaltseve, Donetsk, 57, 62, 74, 246 Delimobil, 267 Delyagin, Mikhail, 182, 301 democracy, 9, 23, 24 Demurin, Mikhail, 127 Denisov, Alexei, 125-6 Denisova, Lyudmila, 159 Denmark, 261,271,317 Deripaska, Oleg, 146, 174, 321, 341 deserters, 175 diammonium phosphate, 174 Diaz-Canel, Miguel, 377 dirty bombs, 214 disinformation, 30, 74, 83, 109, 166-74, 405 on Poland, 277 on Ukrainian popular opinion, 130 on war crimes, 140, 166-74 on WMDs, 4, 118-21 Djibouti, 258, 260 Dnieper River, 102, 106, 138, 202, 208, 227, 229, 253, 255 Dnipro, Ukraine, 204 Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, 15, 33, 56 Dniprovska substation, Zaporizhzhia, 215 Dobkin, Mykhailo, 133 Dobropolye, Donetsk, 168 Dodik, Milorad, 294 Dodon, Igor, 91, 286 Doha Forum, 363 Dolgov, Konstantin, 126, 127 dollar (US), 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347 Donbas, 82 Donbas region Anti-Terrorism Operation (201415), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94-7 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 children, theft of, 164-5 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 33, 36 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 genocide conspiracy, 4, 21, 94, 108, 110, 123, 170, 171, 237, 399 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 humanitarian aid deliveries, 178 Minsk I
Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111, 298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 OSCE in, 163, 170 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republics, see Donetsk People’s Republic; Luhansk Peoples Republic public opinion surveys in, 16 re-education, 159-60, 164 reconstruction (2022), 195-6, 245, 268-9 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251,265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian invasion (2014-22), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34, 45,46-71, 73-8, 323 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 2, 29, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 1, 2, 29, 131-2, 139-^0, 145, 152-7, 185, 186, 187-96 543
INDEX Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 202, 226, 232-3, 250-52, 256-7, 382-90, 393 Ukrainisation, 126 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Zelensky’s peace proposals (2019), 85 Donetsk, Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Battle of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 56-7 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 95-6 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 conscription in, 240, 387 corruption in, 84 fortification of, 382, 386 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 Olenivka Prison massacre (2022), 194-5 OSCE in, 163 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republic, see Donetsk People s Republic populism in, 387 544 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian invasion (2022), 31, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 131-2, 139, 152-7, 192-6 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Sviatohirsk Lavra monastery, 194 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 226, 229, 233, 250, 257, 382-5, 386 Uhledar heating plant, 236 Wagner Group in, 192, 237 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Donetsk Peoples Republic, 1, 3-4, 15, 16, 17, 53-62, 73-8 anti-tank systems, 15 Battle
of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 56-7 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 95-6 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 chemical weapons allegations, 118 coal exports, 101 conscription in, 240, 387 establishment (2014), 53, 54 fortification of, 382, 386 human rights record, 84 Japan, relations with, 336 Malaysia Airlines shoot-down (2014), 56 militias, 21, 34, 53-6, 59, 66, 75, 78, 95, 132
INDEX Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Olenivka Prison massacre (2022), 194-5 OSCE in, 163 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 popular support, 16 populism in, 387 propaganda, 84 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian recognition (2022), 1, 17, 110-12, 148, 283,300, 303, 332-3, 349, 356, 378 Russian invasion (2022), 31, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 131-2, 139, 152-7, 192-6 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 totalitarianism, 75 Treaty of Friendship (2022), 4 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 226, 229, 233, 250, 257, 382-5, 386 Wagner Group in, 192, 237 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (1918), 103 Donuzlav Bay, Crimea, 67 Douma, Syria, 168 Dozhd, 20, 289 Dragas, Orhan, 291, 293 Droa Party (Georgia), 287 Drobyshevo, Donetsk, 250 drones, 15, 95, 109, 129, 134, 135, 154, 155, 156, 213, 388, 389, 398 Engels-2 airbase attack (2022), 388-9 Iranian supply of, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 355, 396, 398 Sevastopol attack, 259, 261 Turkish supply of, 134, 156, 301, 346 Drozdenko, Dmitry, 179 drug use, 122, 136, 235, 236 DTEK, 102 dual command, 193 Dubai, UAE, 363, 366, 368 Dubcek, Alexander, 11 Dubey, Sneha, 319 Dubovyk, Volodymyr, 100, 139 Dudchak, Alexander, 259 Dugin, Alexander, 20-21, 27, 40, 61, 64, 173, 185, 188, 200, 221, 256, 377 Dugina, Darya, 188, 221-3, 229, 291 dumb bombs, 155, 199 Duncan, Peter, 9 Dupuy,
Emmanuel, 107 Duque, Ivan, 372 Duterte, Rodrigo, 70, 332 Dvinsky, Konstantin, 142 Dvorkovich, Arkady, 184 Dvornikov, Alexander, 154, 189-91, 193 Dyagilevo airbase, Ryazan, 388 Dzhabarov, Vladimir, 220, 222, 293 Dzhelyal, Nariman, 345 Dzhokhar Dudayev Volunteer Battalion, 132 East China Sea, 307 East Germany (1949-90), 11 Eastern Economic Forum, 258, 267, 306, 309, 335 Eastern Military District, 135, 160, 253 Eastern Partnership, 38 economic coercion, 13, 37 Economist, The, 392 Ecuador, 374 education, 159-60, 164, 247 545
INDEX Egypt, 28, 70, 205, 209, 213, 260, 309, 355, 363, 367 Eichmann, Adolf, 123 El Dabaa nuclear reactor, Egypt, 367 electrical infrastructure, 83, 106, 211-12, 215, 254, 396-400 emigration, 20, 243, 244, 288-9, 293, 300 Energoatom, 214, 262 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 Enerhodar, Zaporizhzhia, 210-16 Engels-2 airbase, Saratov, 388-9, 404 Erdogan, Recep Tayyip, 260, 269, 326, 345, 347, 359 Eritrea, 28, 365 Essence of Time, 40 Estonia, 81, 165, 221-2, 249, 273-4, 279, 349, 350, 391 Ethiopia, 28, 258, 343 Etorofu Island, 337 Etzion, Eran, 351 Eurasia Analytical Club, 112 Eurasian Customs Union, 33, 36, 37, 38 Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), 13, 27, 66-7, 266, 302, 321, 331, 337 Eurasianism, 27, 149, 173, 221 Euro-Maidan revolution (2014), 7, 8, 30, 33-42, 49, 59, 79, 88, 90, 124, 136, 161 Eurobonds, 38 European Convention on Human Rights, 162 European Parliament, 267, 270, 403 European Solidarity, 101 European Union (EU), 19, 32 Belarus protests crisis (2020), 91 Belarus migration crisis (2021), 99 Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 207 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108 546 Crimea crisis (2014), 46, 49, 50 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95, 96 cyber warfare, 131 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 54, 63, 76, 78 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 GCC, relations with, 360 Georgia, relations with, 287, 288 Iran, relations with, 328, 329 Kazakhstan, relations with, 67, 303 military aid, 116 Moldova, relations with, 284 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 oil embargo (2022), 176,
262, 326 Poland, relations with, 276 populist movements in, 64, 266-73 sanctions, imposition of, see European Union sanctions Serbia, relations with, 291, 293 Ukraine, relations with, see European Union-Ukraine relations Ukraine War (2022-), 140-41, 161 Wagner Group, relations with, 403 war crimes, investigation of, 161 European Union sanctions, 50, 63, 140-41, 174-6, 182,217,283 agricultural sector exemptions, 207 Belarus and, 91 coal embargo, 174 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 oil embargo, 176, 326, 401 Patriarch Kirill and, 279 populist movements and, 266-9 road transit sanctions, 309 European Union-Ukraine relations, 6, 13, 37-42 association agreement, 14, 33, 38, 40, 41, 49, 79 constitutional amendment (2019), 87
INDEX Medvedchuk arrest (2021), 100 membership prospects, 6, 13, 35, 58, 86, 87, 147 public opinion and, 6 European University, St. Petersburg, 125 Evstafiev, Dmitry, 108, 208 Exercise Pitch Black, 310 F-15 jets, 390 F-16 jets, 390 F-35 jets, 274 Facebook, 282 Faki Mahamat, Moussa, 366 Falklands War (1982), 375 false flag tactics, 109, 140 Faria, Carlos, 344 al-Farraj, Ahmad, 362 fascism, 25, 26 Fascist Italy (1922-45), 26 Fateh-110 missile systems, 328 Fatemiyoun militias, 359 Federal News Agency, 370 Federation Council, 44, 79, 248 Fedorchuk, Anatoly, 160, 166 Fedorov, Andrey, 398 Fedorov, Ivan, 207 Fedorov, Yevgeny, 389 Fennovoima, 279 Fernandez, Alberto, 374 fertiliser, 174, 207, 208, 259, 260, 319, 372, 376, 408 Fidesz, 272 ‘fifth column’, 144, 145, 152, 406 Fillon, François, 267 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 Financial Action Task Force (FATF), 348 Finland, 27, 185, 243, 266-7, 278-80, 318, 394 fire strikes, 16 First Czech Russian Bank, 64 Fomin, Alexander, 328, 335 Fontanka, 131 food insecurity, 174, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319-20, 355, 361, 368 ‘For a World Without Nazism’ concert (2022), 145 Foreign Policy, 84 fortifications, 257, 382, 386, 391, 394 Forza Italia Party, 268 FOX News, 269 France Black Sea blockade (2022), 207 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 98 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 107 China, relations with, 315 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 50-51 Donbas War (2014-22), 57, 76 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 38 Mali, relations with, 369, 370 military aid, 177, 391 National Front, 64, 270 Operation Barkhane (2014-22), 369 presidential
elections (2022), 269, 270 Revolution (1789-99), 41 sanctions, imposition of, 50, 140—41,271 Sytii assassination attempt (2022), 403 Ukraine invasion (2022-), 140-41, 372 war crimes, response to, 161, 166 weaponry, supply of, 177, 391 Francis, Pope, 376 Free Buryatia Foundation 239 free markets, 9 Freedom Square demonstrations (2022), 159 French Revolution (1789-99), 41 Frye, Timothy, 7, 19 FSB (Federal’naya sluzhba bezopasnosti), 22, 48, 53, 96, 104, 106, 547
INDEX 133, 135, 203, 221, 247, 295, 299, 339 Fukuyama, Francis, 26 Future is History, The (Gessen), 25 G7 nations, 175, 198, 218, 319, 336 G8 nations, 46 G20 nations, 162, 163, 344 al-Gaddafi, Muammar, 12, 164 Gagauzia, Moldova, 285 Gaidar Forum, 143 Gaisina, Irina, 346 Galibarenko, Natalia, 48 Galicia, 14, 103, 127 Ganchev, Vitaly, 231, 246 Gantz, Benjamin, 350, 351 Gargash, Anwar, 360 Garibashvili, Irakli, 286-7, 289 Garmazhapova, Alexandra, 239 gas, see natural gas Gatilov, Gennady, 121, 170 Gauland, Alexander, 64 Gazprom, 13, 68, 112, 141, 216, 267, 272, 282, 283, 286, 293, 364 Gazprombank, 63, 112, 141, 184, 347, 367 Gdansk, Poland, 203 Geneva Summit (2021), 98-9 genocide, 157, 158, 161, 164, 165, 231 cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 Donbas conspiracy theories, 4, 21, 94, 108, 110, 123, 170, 171,237, 399 Georgia, 14, 286-9 Abkhazia, 107, 111, 287, 288, 303, 323 biological weapons accusations, 121 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 265 emigration to, 20, 243, 244, 288-9 Nazism narrative and, 173 Rose Revolution (2003), 10, 12 Russian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59,61,64, 67, 111,287, 288, 323-4, 349 548 South Ossetia, 3, 66, 111, 287, 288, 289, 303, 323 Georgian Legion, 287-8 Georgy Kurbatov, 137 Gepard anti-aircraft systems, 177, 197 Gerasimov, Valery, 117, 130, 232, 251,252, 254, 383,392, 395 Germany Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD), 64, 270-71 biological weapons accusations, 121 Black Sea blockade (2022), 207 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 98 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 107-8 China, relations with, 315 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 50 Donbas
Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 57, 76 energy crisis (2022-3), 176, 182, 217,218-19 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 38 Kazakhstan, relations with, 299 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 hot peace period (2021), 98 military aid, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391, 398 NATO accession and, 5 natural gas dependency, 176, 182, 274 Nazi period (1933-45), see Nazi Germany sanctions, imposition of, 50, 140-41, 267, 275-6 Ukraine War (2022-), 140 war crimes, investigation of, 161 weaponry, supply of, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391 Gessen, Masha, 25 Ghana, 366, 370 Gigin, Vadim, 244
INDEX Girkin, Igor, 252, 404 criticism of war, 184-5, 191, 198, 229, 233, 252, 395 Donbas War (2014-22), 53, 54, 61 fortifications, views on, 386 mobilisation, views on, 185, 238, 244 Russian National Movement, 76 Ukraine invasion (2022), 115 Gladstone, Queensland, 341 Glazunov, Oleg, 316 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Glazyev, Sergey, 22, 29, 35, 37, 46, 47, 59, 137, 223 Global Criminal Justice, 158 Global South, 28, 30, 68-71, 312, 330, 343-79 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 46,51 food insecurity, 174, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319-20, 355, 361, 368 Global Times, 311 GLONASS systems, 376 Goebbels, Joseph, 167 Gogol, Nikolai, 103 Goïta, Assimi, 369 gold, 368, 369 Golovchenko, Roman, 297 Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 11 Goncharenko, Oleksiy, 165 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 40, 73, 92, 223, 253 Gorbenko, Vladimir, 81 Gordile, CAR, 369 Gosar, Paul, 270 Gossi, Mali, 370 Gotland, Sweden, 280-81 Gouend, Louis, 368 Grad MLRS launchers, 215 grain exports, 31, 174, 200, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319 smuggling, 207-9, 217, 348-9, 356, 368 UN-brokered deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 343, 365, 404, 408 Great Patriotic War (1941-5), 122, 123, 125, 299 see also World War II great power status, 2, 8, 10, 29, 30, 32, 71, 265, 305, 344 Greece, 64, 198, 268, 282, 348 Green Movement (2009), 328 Greene, Marjorie Taylor, 270 Grey Zone, 302, 404 Griffith, Thomas, 397 Grigoriopol, Transnistria, 284 Griner, Brittney, 360, 409 Grosberg, Margo, 391 Grossi, Rafael, 214-15 Grozny, Chechnya, 135, 150, 158, 239, 242 GRU (Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravlenie), 106, 291 Gryzlov, Boris, 149 Guaido, Juan, 379 Guardian, The,
25, 326 Guatemala, 373 Gubareva, Ekaterina, 246 Gubin, Maxim, 231 Gudkov, Gennady, 52 Gudkov, Lev, 25 Guinea, 366 Gukovo, Luhansk, 163 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), 360-64 Gulf monarchies, 344, 356, 360-65 Gulf War First (1990-91), 317, 361, 397 Second (2003-11), 14, 35, 63, 311 Gulyai Pole, Zaporizhzhia, 227 GUR, see Main Directorate of Intelligence Gurulyov, Andrei, 191, 201, 220, 251, 254, 278, 393, 397, 406, 408 Guterres, Antonio, 170, 212, 260, 376 gypsum, 384 549
INDEX Habeck, Robert, 181, 217, 271, 361 Haftar, Khalifa, 369 Haidai, Serhiy, 188, 189, 257 Haiti, 374 Hama, Syria, 358 Hamas, 354 Haniyeh, Ismail, 354 Haradinaj, Meliza, 294 Hardatnin, Aleppo, 359 hardliners, 148, 184, 185-6, 256, 259, 263, 382, 402-9 HARM anti-radiation missiles, 388 Harpoon anti-ship missiles, 139, 177 Hashimoto, Ryutaro, 336 Hassan Khannenje, 368 Hawkei armoured vehicles, 341 Heappey, James, 181,219 hegemony, 12-17 Heihe-Blagoveshchensk Bridge, 309 Helsinki Final Act (1975), 163 Henichesk, Kherson, 255, 387 Hero of Russia Award, 251, 254 Herzog, Michael, 353 Hezbollah, 358, 359, 365 Higashino, Atsuko, 336 Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 50 HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), 192, 193, 195, 202, 227, 229, 387, 390 Hiroshima, atomic bombing of (1945), 93 historical revisionism, 20-21, 73, 102-4, 149, 159, 277 Hitler, Adolf, 83, 128, 158, 223, 353 Hodge, Margaret, 302 Hodges, Frederick Benjamin ‘Ben’, 228 Hollande, François, 57, 407 Holmogor Talks, 232 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 homosexuality, see LGBT+ people Hong Kong, 92, 307 550 HORN International Institute, 368 ‘Horst Wessel Song’, 125 Hostomel, Kyiv, 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 hot peace period (2021), 97-105 Houthis, 361, 362, 363 howitzers, 117, 168, 177, 190, 230, 251, 274 Hristov, Rosen, 283 Hryshchuk, Roman, 138 Hu Wei, 315-16 Hu Xijin, 316 Hua Chunying, 306-7, 314 Huawei, 313 Human Rights Council (Russia), 43 Human Rights Watch, 159 humanitarian crisis, 4, 21, 109, 138, 156, 320, 329, 364, 372 aid, 136, 172, 187, 189, 204, 294, 301, 303, 315, 335,
346, 349, 361 corridors, 139, 146-7, 158, 200 Humeniuk, Natalia, 226, 228 Hun Manith, 332 Hun Sen, 332 Hungary, 11, 37, 141, 176, 198, 265, 271-3, 284, 293, 317, 408 Huo Zhengxin, 312 Hurricane missiles, 199 hybrid totalitarianism, 25 hybrid war, 27, 31, 59, 129, 152, 174-83, 400 hypersonic weapons, 15, 16, 199, 310, 393, 408-9 lampolski, Mikhail, 26 Idlib, Syria, 158, 356, 357 IKEA, 142 Ikhlov, Yevgeny, 26 11-20 jet shoot-down (2018), 351 11-78 tankers, 388 Ilovaisk, Ukraine, 55 Ilves, Toomas Hendrik, 274 Ilyin, Ivan, 26-7
INDEX Independents 4 Change Party, 270 India, 27, 28, 32, 51, 69-70, 213, 316, 317-22 arms trade, 319 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 167,318 China, relations with, 322 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 46, 51, 317 de-dollarisation, 320-21 financial messaging systems and, 29, 321 grain exports crisis (2022), 319-20 Iran, relations with, 69, 317, 321 Kashmir dispute, 69, 317 oil deals, 318-19, 321 Samarkand summit (2022), 305-6 sanctions, views on, 69, 317 UAE, relations with, 363 US, relations with, 322 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 Indo-Pacific region, 29, 32, 69-70, 306, 312, 330, 336-42 Indonesia, 28, 306, 330, 331 inflation, 400 infrastructure attacks, 83, 106, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 Inhulets River, 229, 232, 255 Inozemtsev, Vladimir, 143, 316 Institute of International Finance (IIF), 141 Institute of the Far East, 320 Institute of the Study of War (ISW), 189, 384 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (1987), 92-3 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 211, 214-16, 408 International Court of Justice (ICJ), 3 International Court of Justice, 354 International Criminal Court (ICC), 161-2 International Democracy Institute, 38 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 182,374 International Renaissance Foundation, 48 Interpol, 162 Investigative Committee, 120 Iran, 28, 29, 32, 41, 305, 322-9 coup d’état (1953), 42 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 323 de-dollarisation, 325, 363 de-escalation, 324 Donbas war (2014-22), 323 drones, supply of, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 396, 398 GCC, relations with, 362, 363 Georgian War (2008), 323-4 Green Movement (2009), 328
India, relations with, 69, 317, 321 Iraq, relations with, 364-5 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015), 70, 321, 324, 325-6, 328-9,362 oil industry, 208 sanctions on, 69, 208, 324-5, 327-8 Syria, relations with, 70, 324, 329, 357, 358-9, 364 United States, relations with, 3223, 324 Yemen War (2014-), 70 weaponry, supply of, 326 Iraq, 69, 99, 260, 355, 364-5 Gulf War I (1990-91), 317, 361, 397 Gulf War II (2003-11), 14, 35, 63, 311 Iran, relations with, 364-5 Ireland, 165, 217, 270 IRIS-T, 254 Iron Dome, 350 Irpin, Kyiv, 134, 168 isbank, 348 Ishchenko, Rostislav, 127 Ishchenko, Sergey, 284 551
INDEX ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), 83, 157, 222, 336 Iskander missiles, 16, 67, 168, 199, 297, 377, 393 Islamophobia, 329 ISNA News Agency, 323 Israel, 70, 148, 328, 344, 349-55, 403 Istanbul, Turkey, 146, 346-7 Peace Talks (2022), 146-50 Isthmus of Perekop, 43 Italy, 26, 50, 141, 148, 268, 270 Ivanov, Sergei, 22 Izvestia, 15, 170, 181 Izyum, Kharkiv, 154, 189, 225, 230-31 Jackson-Vanik Amendment (1974), 50 Jacob, Happymon, 321, 322 Jaishankar, Subrahmanyam, 318 Jammu and Kashmir, 69, 317 Japan, 32, 46, 63, 306, 315, 316, 336 Javelin anti-tank missiles, 83, 116, 135, 274 Jawaharlal Nehru University, 317 al-Jazirah, 362 Jeans Revolution (2006), 39 Jewish people anti-Semitism, 127, 352 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352-3 JiaJiashing, 312 Jimmer, Leo, 289 jingoism, 15, 110, 128, 145 Johnson, Alexander Boris, 165, 177, 198, 361 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), 70, 321, 324, 325-6, 328-9,362 Joko Widodo, 331 Jordan, 355, 364 Just Russia, 222 Kabulov, Zamir, 336 552 Kaczynski, Lech, 276 Kâdâr, Jânos, 11 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 23, 132, 135-6, 184, 251, 405 Donbas Republics, recognition of, 111 Kharkiv, liberation of (2022), 231 Kyiv strikes (2022), 254 Luhansk victory declaration, 187 Lyman, liberation of (2022), 251 Mariupol reconstruction, 196 Musaeva kidnapping, 132 nuclear threats, 263 peace talks, 149 Peskov, relationship with, 145 partial mobilisation, 237-8, 239, 242 phase two announcement, 154 Prada gaffe, 132 total mobilisation, 405 Ukraine invasion, 132, 135-6 Kadyrovtsy, 132, 135-6, 156, 161, 195, 207 Kainerugaba, Muhoozi, 365 Kakar, Harsha, 319
Kalabukhov, Igor, 294 Kalashnikov, Leonid, 62 Kalibr missiles, 16, 67, 92, 199, 209, 393, 396 Kalin, Ibrahim, 345 Kaliningrad, Russia, 67, 105, 275, 280, 287 Kalinouski, Kastus, 296 Kalymkov, Pavel, 249 Kamaz, 193 Kamianets-Dniprovska, Zaporizhzhia, 247 Kanev, Radan, 282 Kara-Murza, Vladimir, 20 Karaganov, Sergei, 49, 65, 121, 125, 173,278,315 Karamalikov, Ilya, 202 Karasu, Turkey, 349 Karbovski, Martin, 282
INDEX Karcic, Harun, 294 Karimi, Mohsen, 324 Kartapalov, Andrey, 241, 234 Kashan airbase, Iran, 326 Kashin, Vassily, 16, 153, 229, 310 Kashmir, 69, 317 Kaspersky, 83 Kasyanov, Mikhail, 24 Kavaleuski, Valery, 296 Kayhan, 323-4, 327 Kazakhstan, 7, 12, 28, 37, 66-7, 1067, 190, 244, 265, 299, 302-4, 348-9 Kazakov, Vladimir, 310 Kelin, Andrei, 117 Kemerovo, Russia, 237 Kemoklidze, Kakhaber, 287 Kenya, 366-7 Keosayan, Tigran, 303 Kerch Strait, 137 Agreement (2003), 81 Bridge, 81-2, 202, 252-3 crisis (2018), 81-3 KGB (Kamitet dziarzaunaj biaspieki), 90,91 Kh-101 cruise missiles, 16, 396 Kh-22 anti-ship missiles, 199 Kh-31D missiles, 200 Khabarovsk, Russia, 245-6 Khamenei, Ali, 322-3 Khan, Imran, 329-30 Khan, Karim, 161-2 Kharichev, Alexander, 246 Kharkiv, Ukraine, 1, 15, 31, 33, 47 biological weapons conspiracies and, 120 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 liberation (2022), 192 minefields in, 206 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 peace negotiations (2022), 146 Peoples Republic, plans for, 133 Russian invasion (2014), 53, 56, 58 Russian invasion (2022), 105, 133, 153, 154, 246 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246, 365, 381 Zelensky’s visit (2022), 225 Kharkiv Physical Technical Institute, 119 Khasavyurt, Dagestan, 243 Khasavyurt Accord (1996), 150 Kherson, Ukraine, 2, 31 Antonovskiy Bridge, 138, 202 Arabat Spit, 43 Chornobaivka attacks (2022), 200 civilian infrastructure strikes, 400 Freedom Square demonstrations (2022), 159 grain production, 207 Nova Kakhovka dam, 202 occupation administration, 159 Russian annexation (2022),
226, 245, 246, 247, 265, 290, 292, 333, 362, 372 Russian citizenship in, 202-3, 245 Russian offensive (2022), 43, 130, 138, 139 Russian withdrawal (2022), 257, 381, 382-3, 386-7, 390, 395, 404, 405,406 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 198-9, 201-3, 226-30, 232, 255-7, 286 Khmeimim airbase, Syria, 356, 357 Khodaryonok, Mikhail, 185-6, 241, 377 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 7, 10, 52, 179 Kholmogorov, Egor, 44 Kholodny Yar Brigade, 384 Khomchak, Ruslan, 94 Khoshtaria, Elene, 287 Khrenin, Viktor, 110 Khrushchev, Nikita, 11, 43, 103, 126, 317 Khubezov, Dmitry, 242 Khurvateli, Georgia, 288 553
INDEX Khusnullin, Marat, 195-6 Kievan Rus (882-1240), 159 Kildibekov, Yegor, 170 kill lists, 278 Kim, Vitaly, 202 Kimani, Martin, 366-7 kinetic activity, 228 King Pai Technology, 313 Kingdom Holding, 364 Kinzhal hypersonic missiles, 16, 199 Kirby, John, 402 Kireyev, Denis, 146 Kirill, Patriarch of Moscow, 41, 80-81, 179, 242, 404-5 Kiriyenko, Sergei, 93, 245-6 Kirov, Russia, 235 Kirshteins, Alexander, 275 Kis-Kis, 20, 183 Kiselyov, Dmitry, 110, 128, 223 Kiselyov, Vitaly, 385 Kishida, Fumio, 336, 338, 339 Kiva, Ilya, 171 Klimov, Andrei, 348 Klishas, Andrei, 406 Klitschko, Vitali, 398 Kneissl, Karin, 267 Kniazhytskyi, Mykola, 314 Knutov, Yuri, 269, 389 Kobets, Oleksandr, 159 Kofman, Michael, 106 Koktysh, Kirill, 92, 140 Kola Peninsula, Russia, 394 Kolaei, Elahe, 324 Kolesnikov, Andrei, 25, 26 Kolker, Dmitry, 310 Kolomoisky, Ihor, 102, 128, 136 Kommersant, 104 Komoyedov, Vladimir, 50 Konashenkov, Igor, 119, 120 Konstantinov, Vladimir, 100, 126, 159 Korets tugboat, 82 Koronelli, Viktor, 376 Korotchenko, Igor, 222, 280-81, 334, 399 554 Kortunov, Andrei, 148, 184, 186 Kosachev, Konstantin, 79, 170 Koshel, Alexey, 247 Kosovo, 5-6, 22, 292, 293-1, 303, 397 Kostiantynivka, Donetsk, 168 Kostyukov, Oleh, 262 Kosyrev, Dmitry, 60 Kots, Alexander, 232, 250, 255, 389 Kovacs, Zoltan, 273 Kozak, Taras, 84, 88 Kozenko, Andrei, 45 Kozhanov, Nikolay, 327 Kozhevin, Igor, 269 Kozloduy, Bulgaria, 282 Kozyrev, Andrei, 145 Kramatorsk, Donetsk, 54, 185, 192, 257 railway station attack (2022), 158, 166, 168-9, 177 retaliatory attack (2023), 388 Kramp-Karrenbauer, Annegret, 97 Krasheninnikova,
Veronika, 115 Krasnodar, 137 Krasnodar, Russia, 256 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 208, 235 Kravchuk, Leonid, 78, 81, 95 Kremenchuk shopping mall attack (2022), 201 Kreminna, Luhansk, 156, 250, 390, 393 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 84, 133 Kuban, Russia, 96 Kuchma, Leonid, 6, 13-14, 56, 60 Kudrin, Alexei, 63, 142, 338 Kuleba, Dmytro, 77, 95-6, 161-3, 214, 219, 323, 337, 355, 361, 367, 390-91 Kumyks, 243 Kupiansk, Kharkiv, 231, 232 Kurakhovo, Donetsk, 185 Kurds, 357, 358, 359, 365 Kurgan, Russia, 234 Kurginyan, Sergei, 40, 61
INDEX Kuril Islands, 287, 337-8 Kurilkin, Timur, 124 Kursk, Russia, 185, 237, 256 Kuwait, 317, 360, 361 Kuzbass region, Siberia, 131 Kuzmin, Renat, 102 Kyiv, Ukraine Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 biological research facilities, 120 civilian infrastructure strikes, 396 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 36 peace negotiations (2022), 146 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 2, 30, 113, 130, 133-7, 153, 154, 296, 381 Russian strikes (2022), 254 second offensive prospects, 392, 393 Steinmeiers visit (2022), 267 war crimes in, 157, 160-62, 165, 166-8, 171, 183 World War II memorials, 151 Kyiv Telegraph, 127 Kyrgyzstan, 10, 28, 40, 66, 92, 107, 265, 302, 303-4, 306 Kyselivka, Kherson, 232 Kyslycsya, Sergiy, 113, 163, 164, 212, 373 Kyva, Ilya, 133 Laanet, Kalle, 273 Labour Party (UK), 270, 302 Ladakh, 322 Lambrecht, Christine, 285 Landau, Lev, 119 Landsbergis, Gabrielius, 209, 273, 275 Laos, 330, 332 Lapid, Yair, 349, 350-51, 352, 353, 354 Lapin, Alexander, 193, 251, 395 Lars checkpoint, 244 Latin America, 344, 371-9 Latvia, 128, 165, 249, 274-5, 350, 396 Lavrentiyev, Alexander, 351 Lavrov, Sergei anti-Semitism, 353-4 Arab League meeting (2022), 355 ASEAN summit (2022), 29, 330, 344 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 110 civilian infrastructure strikes, views on,397 Crimea annexation (2014), 49 demilitarisation, views on, 407 Donbas invasion (2014), 55 Global South, relations with, 343-4 India, relations with, 320 Iran, relations with, 324, 325 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82-3 Latin America, relations with, 344, 372 Moldova, relations with, 285 Myanmar, relations with, 335, 344 NATO expansion,
views on, 5, 6 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 nuclear threat, views on, 181 ‘phase two’ announcement (2022), 153 Red Cross, relations with, 162 Russophobia, views on, 178 sanctions, views on, 17 Serbia, relations with, 291 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukraine invasion (2022), 3 Vietnam, relations with, 344 West, relations with, 27 Zhibek Zholy seizure (2022), 349 Lazarenko, Pavel, 13 Le Maire, Bruno, 140-41 Le Pen, Marine, 64, 270 Leaders of Russia competition, 246 League of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, 103 Lebanon, 205, 208, 210, 267, 365 Lebed, Alexander, 21 555
INDEX Lecornu, Sebastian, 263 Lee Jae-Myung, 339-40 Leffler Center, 121 Lega Nord, 270 Lenin, Vladimir, 41, 73, 103 Leonkov, Alexey, 279 Leontyev, Mikhail, 40 Leopard tanks, 177, 391 Levada Center, 15, 18, 61 Levin, Yariv, 352 LGBT+ people, 26, 39, 42, 52 Li Zhiwei, 311 Liberal Democratic Party (Russia), 21,23 liberals (Russia), 7, 10, 20, 26, 52, 61, 114, 142-6, 183-6, 241-2, 382 emigration, 20, 288, 300, 346-7 protests, 19, 20, 52-3, 144-5, 183, 241-2, 382 Libya, 12,29,164,205, 311, 366, 3689 Likhachev, Vasily, 62 Likud Party, 352 Linkevicius, Linas, 276 Lithuania, 91, 99, 165, 179, 209, 249, 274-6, 281, 295, 350 Litovkin, Viktor, 119 Logistics Ltd., 313 logistics, 31, 60, 133 Lomonosov, Mikhail, 277 looting, 202, 208, 236 Lopez Obrador, Andrés Manuel, 376 Lozansky, Edward, 119 Lugar Center, 121 Luhansk, Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 conscription in, 233, 240, 387 556 corruption in, 84 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 OSCE in, 170 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republic, see Luhansk Peoples Republic populism in, 387 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365,372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian
invasion (2022), 74, 114, 117 Russian offensive (2022), 31, 131-2, 140, 152-7 Russian victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 232-3, 257, 390, 393 Wagner Group in, 156, 192, 237, 257 Luhansk Peoples Republic, 1, 3-4, 15, 16, 17, 53-62, 73-8 anti-tank systems, 15 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 coal exports, 101 conscription in, 233, 240, 387 establishment (2014), 53, 54 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 human rights record, 84 Japan, relations with, 336
INDEX militias, 21, 34, 53-6, 59, 66, 75, 78, 95, 132, 169, 191 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Nazism conspiracy theories, 123-4 OSCE in, 170 populism in, 387 public opinion on, 16 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian recognition (2022), 1,17, 110-12, 148, 283,300, 303, 332-3, 349, 356, 378 Russian victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Russian invasion (2022), 74, 114, 117 Russian offensive (2022), 31, 131-2, 140, 152-7 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 totalitarianism, 75 Treaty of Friendship (2022), 4 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 232-3, 251,257,390,393 Wagner Group in, 156, 192, 237, 257 Lukashenko, Alexander, 7, 28, 85, 89-90, 127, 295-8, 299 Lukoil, 266, 267, 348, 364 Lukyantsev, Grigory, 125 Lula da Silva, Luiz Inacio, 375 Lungescu, Oana, 259 Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow, 40, 145 Lviv, Ukraine, 33, 84, 128, 161, 396, 408 Lyamin, Yury, 377 Lyman, Donetsk, 109, 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Lysychansk, Luhansk, 140, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 232-3,251,257 Ml channel (Hungary), 272 M270 rocket artillery systems, 197 Macron, Emmanuel, 85, 107, 108, 166, 176, 207, 269, 323, 391 Maduro, Nicolas, 377, 378, 379 Magnitsky Act (2012), 50 Mahathir Mohamad, 331 Mahjoub, Khaled, 369 Main Directorate of Intelligence (GUR), 196, 199,211,246, 253, 296 Makeeva, Olga, 333 Makeiev, Oleksii, 217 Makhachkala, Dagestan, 243 Makiivka, Donetsk, 249, 387, 388 Malaek, Hossein, 323 Malawi, 408 Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
shoot down (2014), 56, 331 Malaysia, 330, 331-2 Mali, 29, 369-70 al-Maliki, Nouri, 365 Malofeev, Konstantin, 64 Malorossiya, 102-3 Malta, 217 malware attacks (2022), 131 Manbij, Syria, 359 MANPADS, 340 Mansour bin Zayed, Sheikh, 363-4 March for Peace (2014), 52 Marchenko, Oksana, 89 Marcos, Ferdinand ‘Bongbong’, 332 Mardan, Sergey, 277-8 Marder tanks, 177, 391 Marhanets, Dnipropetrovsk, 210 Marian, Syria, 357 Marin, Sanna, 278-9 Mariupol, Donetsk Azov Battalion in, 124, 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221, 269, 282 disinformation and, 172 557
INDEX evacuation of civilians (2022), 147 filtration camps, 158 as ‘garrison city’, 387 humanitarian corridors, 146 indiscriminate violence in, 166 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Nazi occupation (1941-3), 158 maternity clinic bombing (2022), 268-9 occupation administration (2022-), 160, 195-6 reconstruction (2022), 195-6, 245, 268-9 Russian offensive (2014-22), 15, 54, 55, 56, 84 Russian offensive (2022), 2, 31, 124, 139-40, 146, 153, 155, 158, 172, 190, 256, 272 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 202 theatre airstrike (2022), 124, 140 Markov, Sergei, 244, 256-7, 283, 328, 370, 399, 405 Marran, Mikk, 273 martial law, 406 Martynov, Alexey, 406 Martynov, Danylo, 135 Marzhetsky, Sergey, 139 Mashreqbank, 364 Maslov, Alexey, 340 Maslov, Andrey, 371 Maslovka, Ukraine, 105 Mastercard, 313 Masyaf, Syria, 358 Matsegora, Alexander, 333 Matveev, Ilya, 183, 347 Matviyenko, Valentina, 182, 241 Maxar satellite, 160 maximalism, 23, 58, 147, 386 May, Theresa, 85 Mayak, Transnistria, 284 McDonalds, 142 Mearsheimer, John, 5 measles, 120 558 Medinsky, Vladimir, 147-50 Mediterranean Sea, 80, 346, 357 Meduza, 239 Medvedchuk, Viktor, 46, 49, 56, 78, 84-5, 89, 136 arrest (2021), 100-101,136,17071 citizenship, stripping of (2022), 385 prisoner exchange (2022), 360, 404 Medvedev, Dmitry China, relations with, 316 denazification, views on, 104, 173 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 111 Eurasianism, 173 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 35 Finland, relations with, 280 food, weaponisation of, 206 Georgian War (2008), 39, 111 Germany, views on, 219 Gorbachevs death (2022), 223 historical
revisionism, 104 Japan, relations with, 337-8 Kazakh protests (2022), 106 martial law, views on, 406 nationalisation, views on, 142 NATO, views on, 408-9 nuclear threats, 181 Poland, relations with, 277 sanctions, views on, 63 sovereign democracy, views on, 24 Sweden, relations with, 280 Ukraine invasion (2022), 130 World War III warnings, 220 Zelensky, relationship with, 85, 104 Meeting Place, 252 Meiering, Ekaterina, 289 Mekdad, Faisal, 351 Melikov, Sergei, 243 Melitopol, Zaporizhzhia, 130, 138-9, 169, 202, 207, 245, 386, 387, 394 Melnychuk, Serhiy, 78-9
INDEX Meloni, Giorgia, 268 Memorial, 19 Mendkovich, Nikita, 112 Mercosur, 29, 372 Merkel, Angela, 57, 82, 85, 407 Meroe Gold, 368 Meshkov, Vladimir, 147 Meta, 20, 144 Mexico, 71,260, 372, 374, 376, 377 Mezhevich, Nikolay, 275 MGM-140B missiles, 227 Mi-17 helicopters, 116, 319, 332 Mi-28 helicopters, 117 Mi-29 jets, 282, 334 Mi-35M helicopters, 370 MI6, 197-8 Michel, Charles, 176 Mickiewicz, Adam, 277 MiG-31 jets, 298 Mikhailov, Valery, 100 Mikheyev, Sergei, 398 MILAN anti-tank missile systems, 116-17 Milanovic, Zoran, 290 military aid to Russia, 392-3 Iran, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 355, 393, 396 North Korea, 333, 393 military aid to Ukraine, 108, 116-17, 129, 176-7, 196-7 France, 177, 391 Germany, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391, 398 NATO, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 196, 254, 333, 382, 400 Poland, 117, 176, 177, 346 Turkey, 134, 156, 301, 346, 398 United Kingdom, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 United States, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201,390-91,406-7 military modernisation 15, 67 Miller, Alexei, 125, 233-4, 308 Millerovo airbase, Rostov, 219 Milley, Mark, 230, 407 Milonov, Vitaly, 223, 242 Milosevic, Slobodan, 12, 292, 397 Min Aung Hlaing, 306, 335 Minchenko, Evgeny, 93-4 mines, 139, 206 Minnekayev, Rustam, 153 Minski Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86, 97,104, 109, 111, 298, 407 MIR system, 324, 348 Mira Estate, 363 Mironov, Sergei, 222 Mishustin, Mikhail, 18 missiles, 1, 5, 92, 116, 119, 134, 156, 168-9, 199,212,219, 388 air-to-surface missiles, 200 anti-aircraft missiles, 116, 117, 177, 197 anti-radiation missiles, 388 anti-ship missiles, 139, 156, 177, 199
anti-tank missiles, 83, 116-17, 135, 177, 210, 274, 326, 350 Belarus and, 296, 297 coastal bases, 138 cruise missiles, 16, 67, 92, 139, 199, 209, 253, 392 defence systems, 181, 361 hypersonic missiles, 16, 92, 199, 310, 393 precision tactical missiles, 73, 168-9, 199, 219 rocket launchers, 192, 193, 195, 199, 202, 215, 227, 229 Russian stocks, 68, 143, 199, 227 short-range ballistic missiles (SRBMs), 16, 67, 94, 168, 199, 297, 377, 393 surface-to-air missiles, 334, 389 surface-to-surface missiles, 227, 328 Ukrainian stocks, 168, 199, 227-8 Mistral-class helicopter carriers, 50 559
INDEX Mitrofanova, Eleonora, 281 Mitsubishi, 338 Mitsui, 338 Mizin, Victor, 93, 314 Mizintsev, Mikhail, 118, 172, 175 MKU, 104 MLR systems, 197, 214 mobilisation, 31, 185, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391-2, 405-6 Modi, Narendra, 69, 305-6, 317-18, 320, 376 Mohajer-6 drones, 326-8 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, 42 Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Crown Prince, 360, 361, 362 Mohammed bin Zayed, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, 361 Moldova, 3, 91, 206, 265, 266, 283, 284-6, 396 Moldovagaz, 286 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Monroe Doctrine (1823), 71, 373 Montenegro, 249, 290 Monterey Naval Postgraduate School, 9 Montreux Convention (1936), 345 Moon Jae-in, 339-40 Moore, Richard, 198 Mopti, Mali, 370 Morawiecki, Mateusz, 276, 277 Morocco, 205, 367 Morozov, Oleg, 88, 277 Morrison, Scott, 341 Moscow, Russia, 239, 240, 242, 245 Moscow Calling, 198 Moscow State Institute of International Relations, 53, 140 Moscow State University, 119 Moscow Stock Exchange, 141, 363 Moseichuk, Igor, 58 Moskva, 156-7, 183 mosquito patrol boats, 201 Motoki, Tatsunori, 339 560 Motor Sich, 315 Motyl, Alexander, 84 Moura, Mali, 370 Mozambique, 366 Mugabe, Robert, 70 Mulino, Russia, 235 Muller, Robert, 93 multiple launch rocket air defence, 94 multipolar order, 28-9, 32, 49, 63-71 Munich Security Conference, 118 Murashov, Ihor, 262 Murayev, Yevhen, 84, 136 Murmansk, Russia, 297 Musaeva, Zarema, 132 Museveni, Yoweri, 365-6 Muskovtsvo (Shtepa), 126 Myanmar Alin, 334 Myanmar, 306, 310, 332, 334—5 Mykolaiv, Ukraine, 138-9, 153, 172, 198, 202, 208, 227-8, 230, 246, 315, 400 Nabiullina, Elvira, 142, 249
Naftogaz, 37 Nagasaki, atomic bombing of (1945), 93 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 Nagy, Imre, 11 Nakamitsu, Izumi, 121 Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 10, 41, 232, 234 Narochnitskaya, Natalia, 41, 128 Naryshkin, Sergei, 56, 76, 90-91, 111, 119, 277, 362 NASAMS, 197 NASH, 136 Nashi, 40 Naslavcea, Moldova, 286 Natalukha, Dmytro, 58 National Front (France), 64, 270 national restorationist self-image, 9 national self-images, 9 National Wealth Fund, 29
INDEX nationalisation, 142, 406 nationalism, 26, 143-5, 174, 404 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 2, 4-6, 14, 21-2, 31, 32, 117, 273 Article Five, 17 Belarus, relations with, 295 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94, 96 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 105, 107-8 Bucharest Summit (2008), 4 China, relations with, 311-12 Cuba, relations with, 377 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 Finland and, 278-80, 318 grain exports deal (2022), 209, 259 hot peace period (2021), 98 hybrid war, 179-80 Kosovo mission, 293 Latin America, relations with, 373 Sea Breeze exercises, 36 South Africa, relations with, 366 South Korea, relations with, 340 Sweden and, 278-81, 318 Ukraine, relations with, see NATO-Ukraine relations Warsaw Summit (2016), 274 weaponry, supply of, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 254, 333, 382, 400 NATO-Ukraine relations, 4-6, 35-6, 73-4, 78-9, 87-8, 147, 148 command-and-control architecture, 73 counterterrorism, 78 Enhanced Opportunities Partner status, 87-8 formal application (2022), 249-50 joint exercises, 5, 73—4 Membership Action Plan (MAP), 35, 87 membership prospects, 4-6, 14, 22, 35-6, 48, 58, 87-8, 119, 147-8, 340 public opinion and, 6, 148 weaponry, supply of, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 196 Yanukovych and, 35-6 Zelensky and, 87-8, 119 natural gas, 64, 175, 216-19, 267, 274, 276, 401 Bulgaria and, 281-2 China and, 68, 308 crisis (2005-6), 13, 39 Germany and, 176, 182, 274 Japan and, 337, 338 Moldova and, 286 Morocco and, 367 Naftogaz decision (2013), 37 Nigeria and, 367 Nord Stream 1 pipeline, 216-19, 261,286 Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 17, 64, 98-9, 112, 261,267,
274, 286 Pakistan and, 329 rouble payment demand (2022), 175 Russian-Ukrainian Action Plan (2013), 38 sanctions and, 64, 98-9, 175, 216-19, 267 Saudi Arabia and, 364 South Africa and, 367 Taiwan and, 341 Turkey and, 345, 347 Navalny, Alexei, 19, 20, 21, 39, 40-41, 52, 93, 183, 236, 242, 289, 346, 403 Nayyem, Mustafa, 38, 77 Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 106 Nazi Germany (1933-45), 26, 49, 83, 121-2, 123 Anschluss (1938), 53, 283 Battle ofKursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 collaborators, 42, 103, 125-6 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144 Jewish intelligentsia in, 104 Mariupol occupation (1941-3), 158 561
INDEX Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Nuremberg Trials (1945-6), 163 occultism and, 122 prisoners of war (POWs), 173-4 Nazism conspiracy theories, 4, 11,31, 83, 100, 121-8, 136, 152, 171-4, 399 anti-war movement and, 145 Azov Battalion and, 100, 123, 125, 171 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14) and, 59, 124, 127 Europeanisation and, 96, 172 denazification, 1, 4, 11, 31, 96, 114, 121-8, 147-9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352,407 Donbas War (2022) and, 31, 83, 96, 123-4 Israel and, 353-4 Orange Revolution (2004-5) and, 126 Poroshenko and, 59 Russophobia as, 178 war crimes and, 167 Z symbol and, 144 Zelensky and, 122-3 Ndah, CAR, 369 Nebati, Nureddin, 348, 349 Nebenzia, Vasily, 113, 120, 205-6, 261 Nemtsov, Boris, 39, 41, 52, 69 Neo-Communist self-image, 9 neo-Nazism, see Nazism neoliberalism, 142 Neptune anti-ship missiles, 139, 156 Netanyahu, Benjamin, 352-3, 354-5 Netherlands, 408 New Lines Institute, 165 New START (2011), 93, 181, 409 №u York Times, 369, 385 NewsOne, 84, 88, 136 Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 16, 53, 98 Nicaragua, 45, 51, 71, 112, 249, 372, 374, 377 562 Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia, 233 Nigeria, 310, 367-8 Nikiforova, Viktoria, 182 Nikolov, Alexey, 175 Nikopol, Dnipropetrovsk, 210, 213 Nikulin, Igor, 120 NIS, 293 Nissan, 401 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 119, 235, 236 ‘No to Capitulation!’ protests (2019), 86 no-fly zones, 129, 281 Nobel Peace Prize, 375 Nord Stream 1 pipeline, 216-19, 261, 286 Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 17, 64, 98-9, 112, 261,267, 274, 286 Nord, 81 Norkin, Andrey, 252, 398 Normandy Format, 86, 112 North Caucasus region, 159 North Crimean Canal, 229, 255 North
Korea, 28, 45, 75, 165, 249, 306, 332—4, 339, 340 North Macedonia, 249 North Sea gas, 261 North Thunderbolt, 359 North-South Transit Corridor, 321 Norway, 63, 217, 394 NotPetya virus attack (2017), 83 Nova Kakhovka, Kherson, 138, 202, 229, 255 Novak, Alexander, 218, 249, 261 Novak, Alexander, 401 Novatek, 63, 112 Novaya Gazeta, 20 Novikombank, 141 Novoazovsk, Ukraine, 55 Novodmytrivka, Kherson, 226 Novofedorivka, Crimea, 220 Novorossiya, 58-9, 61, 102, 126 Novorossiysk, Russia, 67, 220, 260, 303, 358
INDEX Novosibirsk, Russia, 234, 246 NTV, 398 nuclear power plants Chernobyl, 134, 211 Zaporizhzhia, 31, 183, 188, 21016, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278 nuclear weapons, 4, 73, 93, 118-19, 167, 256, 280, 299 threats of use, 117, 152, 167, 180-81, 226, 263, 278, 297, 301, 314 Nuland, Victoria, 59, 76, 120, 350, 370, 397 Nuremberg Trials (1945-6), 163 Nuzhin, Evgeny, 403 Obama, Barack, 46 Objektiv, 291 Ochakiv, Ukraine, 88 Oda Nobunaga, 339 Odesa, Ukraine biological research facilities, 120 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 civilian infrastructure, attacks on, 396 drone strikes on, 327 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 33, 36, 45, 124 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 grain exports crisis (2022), 200, 203, 209-10, 259 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 1389, 148, 154, 283, 284, 381 Snake Island and, 138 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 227, 231-2 World War II memorials, 151 oil, 24, 63, 67, 175, 176, 401 Arctic crude, 307, 401 Canada and, 217 China and, 308, 401 Cuba and, 377-8 EU embargo, 176, 326, 401 Germany and, 176, 182 India and, 318-19, 321,401 Iran and, 208 Iraq and, 365 Kazakhstan and, 303 Laos and, 332 price cap, 218, 262, 318 Saudi Arabia and, 364 Serbia and, 293 ship-to-ship transfers, 208 Syria and, 213 Turkey and, 347 Okaz, 361 Olenegorsk, Murmansk, 394 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194-5 Olenya airfield, Russia, 253 Olevich, Victor, 152, 234, 398 oligarchs in Russia, 7, 18, 22, 62, 112, 141, 402-3, 405 in Ukraine, 13, 36, 39, 74, 85, 100-101, 170-71 Olympic Games 2014 Sochi, 51-2 2022 Beijing, 312 Oman, 360 Omelyan, Volodymyr, 314-15 ‘On the
Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians’ (Putin), 102 112 channel (Ukraine), 88 Onufrienko, Mikhail, 393 Onyx missiles, 393 Operation Barkhane (2014-22), 369 Opposition Bloc, 14, 75, 84, 102, 133, 136, 171 opposition parties, Russian, 19-20, 21, 39-40, 52, 183-6, 242, 346, 382 Opposition Platform, 100, 133 Opytne, Donetsk, 257 Orange Revolution (2004-5), 10, 12, 14, 40, 126 Orban, Viktor, 176, 179, 271-2 563
INDEX Organisation of American States (OAS), 372 Organisation of Black Sea Economic Cooperation, 337 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), 330 Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 361 Origin Energy, 341 Orlov, Oleg, 183 Ortega, Daniel, 377, 378 Orthodox Christianity, 41,58,80,1024, 178-9, 194, 196, 242, 268, 291, 404-5 Osa air defence systems, 116 Osadchiy, Maxim, 340 OSCE, 56, 62, 76, 86, 95, 112, 140, 146, 162, 163, 249 Osmayev, Adam, 132 Ostrovnoy, Murmansk, 394 Ottoman Empire (1299-1922), 58, 68, 282 Ovsyannikova, Marina, 144 Pabradé, Lithuania, 295 Pacific Fleet, 310 Pakistan, 115, 205, 213, 260, 306, 309, 329-30, 335 Paks nuclear plant, Hungary, 273 Palestine, 354-5 Palm Jumeirah, Dubai, 363 Pantsir S-l defence systems, 200 Paraskoveevka, Donetsk, 385 PARNAS, 52 partial mobilisation (2022), 31, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391 partisans, 202, 246 Party of Regions, 14, 48, 61 Parubiy, Andriy, 77 Pasechnik, Leonid, 170, 187, 233, 245, 246 Pashinyan, Nikol, 90, 299, 300, 301 Patel, Priti, 162 Patriot anti-missile receptors, 361 564 Patrushev, Nikolay, 22, 65, 96, 111, 122, 173, 275, 291, 309, 332, 344 Pavlov, Aleksey, 405 Pavlyuk, Oleksandr, 134 Payne, Stanley, 26 PDVSA, 378 peace talks (2022), 146-50 peacekeeping, 3 Pegasus NSO spyware, 350 Pegov, Semyon, 388 Pelosi, Nancy, 311-12 penal colonies, 236 People Patrol (Serbia), 292 People’s Daily, 310-11 Peoples Defense Units (Kudistan), 359 Perendzhiev, Alexander, 358 Perevezentsev, Sergei, 45 Perla, Andrey, 244 Perm, Russia, 235 Person, Robert, 7 Peru, 374 Peskov, Dmitry Azerbijan, relations
with, 301 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 295 Bulgaria, relations with, 281 civilian infrastructure attacks, views on, 398 denazification statement (2022), 148 Donbas War (2014-22), 47, 62 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 248 EU, views on, 147 Kyiv withdrawal (2022), 183 maximalism, 386 Medvedchuk, relations with, 171 Minsk II Accords (2015), 62 mobilisation, views on, 185 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 Nord Stream shutdown (2022), 216 nuclear threats, 181 partial mobilisation (2022), 241 Romania, relations with, 284
INDEX rouble payment demand (2022), 175 sanctions, views on, 93, 141 Ukraine invasion (2022), 116 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 219 Urgant, defence of, 145 Zelensky’s media crackdown (2021), 88, 89 Pesti TV, 272 petal mines, 183 Petro, Gustavo, 372-3 Petrobas, 376 Petrov, Nikolai, 111 Petrovske, Luhansk, 86 Petukhov, Sergei, 41-2 Philippines, 70, 330, 332 Phoenix TV, 311 Pifer, Steven, 35 PIR Center, 114 Piskarev, Vasily, 241 Pisky, Donetsk, 192 plague, 120 Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 316, 358 Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Arkhangelsk, 181 Plotnitsky, Igor, 56 Podgorica, Montenegro, 290 Podolyak, Mykhailo counter-offensive, 198, 225, 227 Dugina assassination (2022), 221 humanitarian corridors, 146 Iran, relations with, 323 Israel, relations with, 354 Kerch Bridge attack, 252-3 Kherson offensive, 198 military aid, requests for, 197, 251 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194 Russian missile strikes, views on, 393, 399 Saky airbase attack, 220 security guarantees, views on, 148 Zelensky assassination attempts, 135, 136 Pogonovo, Russia, 94 Poland, 165, 175, 183, 198, 276-8, 284, 408 Baltic Pipe, 261 Belarus, relations with, 99, 295, 299 Black Sea blockade (2022) and, 203, 204 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 105, 108 cyberattacks (2022), 131 demilitarisation and, 115 denazification and, 128 diplomat expulsions (2022), 278 disinformation campaign against (2022), 277 EU, relations with, 276 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 38 genocide resolution (2022), 165 G20 expulsion, calls for (2022), 163 military aid, 117, 176, 177, 346, 398 Minsk II Accords (2015), 76 missile
strike (2022), 396 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 nuclear weapons in, 99, 295, 299 peace talks (2022), 148 Prague Spring (1968), 11 sanctions, imposition of, 175 Solidarity movement (1980s), 183 South Korea, relations with, 340 Ukraine invasion (2022), 276-7 Ukrainian nationalism and, 103, 127 Ukrainian NATO application (2022), 249 visa restrictions (2022), 278 weaponry, supply of, 117, 176, 177 Yushchenko, relations with, 14 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213, 278 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569-1795), 103 ‘polite people’, 3 565
INDEX Polonsky, Ilya, 191 Poltava, Ukraine, 102 Polyanskiy, Dmitry, 114, 123, 167, 170,213, 258-9 Ponomarev, Ilya, 44 Popasna, Luhansk, 156, 189, 192, 386, 400 Popescu, Nicu, 284, 286 Popov, Evgeny, 254, 269 Popular Mobilisation Forces (PMF), 365 populism, 64, 266-73, 387, 404 Poroshenko, Petro Donbas War (2014-22), 55-9, 62, 66, 75-8, 85, 86 EU, relations with, 87 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 39 ICC investigation, calls for (2014-15), 161 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3 Medvedchuk, relationship with, 136 NATO, relations with, 79, 87, 88 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 128 parliamentary elections (2014), 6 presidential election (2014), 53, 55, 83 presidential election (2019), 78, 845 Roshen, 39 Russian Orthodox Church, relations with, 80-81 treason charges (2021-2), 101 Potanin, Vladimir, 184 potash, 174 Potemkin, Gregory, 256 Potsdam Conference (1945), 122 Power of Siberia pipeline project, 308 Prada, 132 pragmatic cooperation, 10 Prague Spring (1968), 3, 11 Pravda, 11 Pravdyne, Kherson, 111 Prigozhin, Yevgeny, 23, 179, 192, 235-7, 402-4 566 Abramovich, campaign against, 404 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 257, 383-4, 385 Battle of Lyman (2022), 251 gold mining interests, 368, 369 Luhansk fortification (2022), 257 partial mobilisation (2022), 235-7 Putin, relationship with, 404 Serbia operations, 291-2 Surovikin, views on, 254, 404 United World International, 221 U.S. midterm elections (2022), 26970 Prilepin, Zakhar, 153 Primakov, Yevgeny, 51, 65 Primorsky District, Mariupol, 155 Primorsky Krai, Russia, 334 prisoner exchanges, 85, 136, 171, 360, 404, 408-9 prisoners of
war (POWs), 57, 86-7, 162, 173, 194-5 private military contractors (PMCs), see Wagner Group Prompt Global Strike system, 181 Promsvyazbank, 141 Prussia (1701-1918), 10 PSB, 112 Pushilin, Denis, 109, 124, 128, 196, 245, 246 Pushkin, Alexander, 277 Pushkov, Alexei, 63, 286, 378 Pussy Riot, 52 Putin, Vladimir Abe, relationship with, 339 approval ratings, 17-18, 31 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 155, 269 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 189-90 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 97 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108 Berlusconi, relationship with, 268
INDEX cancel culture comments (2022), 178 China, relations with, 307, 313, 314 conscription and, 131, 391 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 coup, calls for (2022), 136 Crimea annexation (2014), 34, 434 Donbas invasion (2014), 53, 56 Donbas offensive (2022), 189-90, 193 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 111-12 Dugina assassination (2022), 223 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 226, 245,247-8, 251 Erdogan, relationship with, 260, 269, 326, 359 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 34 fascism, 25, 26-7 Finland, relations with, 280 Geneva Summit (2021), 98-9 global influence and, 382 health, speculation over, 6 history, views on, 20-21, 73, 102-4, 149 hot peace period (2021), 98 inner circle, 22-3 Israel, relations with, 351, 353 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Kherson withdrawal (2022), 256-7 Kiriyenko, relationship with, 246 Latin America, relations with, 3767 Luhansk victory declaration (2022), 187 Lukashenko, relationship with, 295, 296 Luzhniki Stadium speech (2012), 40 Luzhniki Stadium speech (2022), 145 military operations, control over, 130, 232 mobilisation and, 226, 233-44, 405, 406 Modi, relationship with, 69, 305-6 national self-images and, 9-10 NATO expansion, views on, 5, 6, 14, 21-2 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 Nord Stream shutdown (2022), 21617 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 nuclear threats, 256, 263 Orban, relationship with, 272 Orthodox Church, relations with, 81, 404-5 Pashinyan, relationship with, 300, 301 populist movements, support for, 64, 266-73 pragmatic cooperation, 10 Prigozhin, relationship with, 404 regime change goal, 1, 2 regime
insecurity, 6-8, 402 resilience, 17-23 rouble payment demand (2022), 175 Russophobia, views on, 178 Samarkand summit (2022), 305-6 sanctions on, 141 soldiers, solidarity with, 405 Solovyov assassination attempt (2022), 223 Soviet nostalgia, 25 Surovikin appointment (2022), 253 Sweden, relations with, 280 totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382, 409 Ukraine invasion (2022), 1, 17, 31, 73, 111 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 232 Victory Day celebrations (2022), 151-2 567
INDEX Western elites, views on, 265-6 Wickremesinghe, relationship with, 330 Yanukovych, relationship with, 36, 37, 38 Yushchenko, relationship with, 39 Zelensky, relationship with, 85, 104 Pyatt, Geoffrey, 59 Qamishli airport, Syria, 357 Qatar, 70, 360, 362-3, 364 Qin Gang, 307 Qods Aviation Industries, 328 Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, 322 Quanzhou-Far East shipping line, 309 Queensland Alumina Limited (QAL), 341 Raab, Dominic, 161 Rachmaninov, Sergei, 178 Radakin, Antony ‘Tony’, 183, 392 radar stations, 116 Radioatomivka, 143, 300, 313 Radutskyi, Mykhailo, 162 Rahmon, Emomali, 67, 303 railways, 203-4 Raisi, Ebrahim, 305 Rajagopalan, Rajesh, 322 Ramaphosa, Cyril, 366 RAND Corporation, 18 Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights, 165 rape, 158 Rapoport, Boris, 246 ‘Rashism’, 26 Rasmussen, Anders Fogh, 79 Rau, Zbigniew, 355 Razumkov Center, 101, 399 Razumovsky, Dmitry, 373, 375, 377 re-education, 159-60, 164,247 Reagan, Ronald, 92 Red Cross, 162, 194 568 refugees, 146, 268, 398 regime change, 1, 2-3, 7, 10, 15, 121, 127, 132-3, 381 Remchukov, Konstantin, 53 Remeslo, Ilya, 195 Renzi, Matteo, 267 Republic of Congo, 343 Republican Party (US), 406-7 Republika, 292 Reverse Side of the Medal, 231 Reznikov, Oleksiy, 177, 197, 346, 392 Rezonans-N radar systems, 394 RIA Novosti, 41-2, 96, 143, 168, 172, 182, 206, 218, 248, 286, 362, 385 RIAC, 143, 148, 186 Right Sector, 45, 58 rocket-propelled grenades, 210, 284, 326 Rogov, Vladimir, 214, 262 Rogozin, Dmitry, 44, 46, 49, 50, 68, 144, 338 Romanenko, Oleg, 262 Romania, 47, 108, 117, 138, 198, 249, 283-4, 396,408 Rosatom, 210, 211,
216, 279, 347, 367 Rose Revolution (2003), 10, 12 Roshen, 39 Roshvardiya forces group, 135 Rosneft, 51, 63, 69, 267, 364, 365 Rossiya-1, 35, 160, 269, 277-8, 280-81 Ovsyannikovas protest (2022), 144 Skabeeva’s show, 174, 180, 185, 206, 222, 240, 241, 244, 254, 255, 389, 408 Solovyovs show, 108, 167, 173, 278, 393, 399, 405-6, 408 Rossiya Bank, 141 Rossiya Segodnya Center, 115 Rossiya Segodnya, 60, 127 Rossotrudnichestvo, 271 Rostec, 63, 155, 334 Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 94, 105, 159, 162, 235, 272
INDEX Rostovsky, Mikhail, 42 Rotenberg, Igor, 112 Rothkopf, David, 18 rouble, 25, 63, 141-2, 143, 175, 203 Rowling, J.K., 178 Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), 129 Rozhin, Boris, 153, 168, 385, 387-8 RS-28 Sarmat, 181 RT, 69, 108, 144, 269, 273, 289, 329, 377, 379 Rubizhne, Luhansk, 156, 189 Rudenko, Sergei, 285 Rurik Dynasty (862-1610), 102 Rusal, 174, 267, 341 Rusich unit, 124 Russia-Africa Summit (2023), 29, 371 Russian Academy of Sciences, 310, 373 Russian Aerospace Forces, 68, 388 Russian Agricultural Bank, 207 Russian Airborne Forces, 190 Russian Army Combined Arms Army, 41st, 105 Combined Arms Army, 58th, 105 Corps, 3rd, 235 Guards Air Assault Regiment, 234th, 161 Guards Air Regiment, 104th, 161 Guards Tank Army, 1st, 105 Guards Tank Division, 4th, 188 Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, 64th, 160 Separate Motorized Rifle Regiment, 11th, 190 Russian Association for Baltic Studies, 275 Russian Central Bank, 22, 141-2, 338, 368, 400 Russian citizenship, 86-7, 202-3, 245 Russian Direct Investment Fund, 141 Russian Empire (1721-1917), 41 Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 10, 103, 149, 346 Crimea annexation (1783), 58, 68, 102 Japanese War (1904-5), 156, 233, 338 Russian Far East, 159, 308, 309 Russian Federation (1991-) Africa Summit (2023), 29, 371 Bolotnaya Square protests (2011-12), 18, 39, 52 Chechnya conflict (1994-2009), 9, 15, 16, 59, 60, 133, 159 colour revolutions and, 10, 12 constitutional crisis (1993), 12, 23 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 Crimea annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66 cyber warfare, 83, 131, 274, 280
Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 1, 17, 110-12 Donbas War (2014-22), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34, 45, 46-71,73-8 Dugina assassination (2022), 188, 221-3, 229, 291 economic coercion, use of, 13, 37 economic decline, 400emigration from, 20, 243, 244, 288-9, 293, 300, 346-7 fascism, 25, 26-7 Georgian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59, 61, 64, 67, 287, 288, 323-4,349 Global South, relations with, 28, 30, 46, 51 great power status, 2, 8, 10, 29, 30, 32, 71, 265, 305, 344 gubernatorial elections (2022), 246 isolation, 27-30, 32, 112, 265-304, 316 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 Kosovo War (1998-9), 5-6, 22 military modernisation 15, 67 national self-images, 9 569
INDEX natural gas crisis (2005-6), 13, 39 liberals in, 7, 10, 20, 26, 52, 61, 114, 142-6, 183-6,241-2, 288, 300 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 opposition parties in, 19-20, 21, 39-40, 52, 183-6, 346 parliamentary elections (1993), 23 penal colonies, 236 pension reform protests (2018), 7 populist movements, support for, 64, 266-73 regime insecurity, 6-8, 402 Sochi Olympics (2014), 51-2 soft power, 9, 13-14, 30, 46, 26673, 299, 331 Soviet nostalgia, 25 State Duma elections (2011), 18, 39, 52 State Duma elections (2021), 8 Syria intervention (2015—), see Syria totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382, 409 Ukraine trade embargo (2013), 37 Ukraine War (2022-), see RussoUkrainian War US presidential elections (2016), 80 Russian Guard, 212-13 Russian Imperial Movement, 173 Russian language, 125, 231 Russian Military Historical Society, 149 Russian National Movement, 76 Russian Navy Army Corps, 11th (Coastal), 105 Baltic Sea Fleet, 22 Black Sea Fleet, 13, 14, 15, 48, 67, 96, 137, 139, 156, 188, 200, 259, 346 Caspian Flotilla, 96 Pacific Fleet, 310 Russian Orientalist, 198 Russian Orthodox Church, 41, 58, 570 80-81, 102, 103-4, 178-9,194, 242, 404-5 Russian State Duma Anti-Corruption Committee, 241 approval ratings, 18 constitutional crisis (1993), 12, 23 Crimea annexation (2014), 44 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 110 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 248 elections (2011), 18, 39, 52 elections (2021), 8 fake information legislation (2022), 20 partial mobilisation (2022), 234, 241, 242 Russian Union of Grain Exports, 205 Russian Unity, 42 Russian-Ukrainian Action Plan
(2013), 38 Russkiy Mir, 276 Russo-Georgian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59, 61,64, 67, 111 Russo-Japanese War (1904-5), 156, 233, 338 Russo-Ukrainian War (2022-), 1, 3 air domain, 129, 219-21 anti-war movement, see anti-war movement Azovstal steel factory siege, 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221,282 Battle of Antonov Airport (2022), 134,288 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Enerhodar (2022), 210 Battle of Hostomel (2022), 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 Battle of Kharkiv (2022), 105, 133, 153-4, 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246 Battle of Kherson (2022), 43, 130, 138,139
INDEX Battle of Kyiv (2022), 1, 2, 30, 113, 130, 133-7, 296 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Battle of Lysychansk (2022), 190, 191, 192 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Black Sea and, 31, 137-9, 203-10 blitzkrieg tactics, 30, 130, 230 build-up, 30, 94-112 casualties, 31, 140, 154, 157, 169, 178, 180, 183, 185, 190-91, 228, 239, 383, 388 civilians, see civilians conscription, 31, 131, 226, 233-44, 288-9,293,387,388,391-2,4056 coup plots, 113, 132-3, 136 cyber warfare, 131 demilitarization narrative, 1, 4, 114-21, 147, 397 denazification narrative, 1, 4, 11, 31,96, 114, 121-8, 147— 9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352, 407 Donbas offensive, 1, 2, 29, 139-40, 152-7, 185, 186, 187-96 Donbas-centric pivot, 152-7 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292, 333 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 Engels airbase attack (2022), 388-9 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 grain exports and, 31, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 320 infrastructure attacks, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 jingoism and, 15, 110, 128, 145 Kremenchuk shopping mall attack (2022), 201 logistics, 31, 60, 133, 134-5, 295 looting, 202, 208, 236 Luhansk victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Mariupol, siege of (2022), 124,13940, 146, 153, 155, 158, 172, 190, 256, 272 military aid, see military aid mobilisation, 31, 226, 233-44, 2889, 293, 346, 382, 391,405-6 Moskva sinking, 156-7, 183 no-fly zone proposals, 129 nuclear threats, 117, 152, 167, 180-81, 226, 263, 278, 297, 301, 314 peace talks (2022), 146-50 ‘phase two’ announcement (2022), 153 popular support in Russia, 18, 20, 31 prisoners of war (POWs),
162, 173, 194-5 refugees, 146, 268, 398 regime change and, 2, 7, 15, 113, 132-3,381 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 3-4, 11, 15, 111-12, 113-21 sanctions, 17, 18-19, 27-30, 140— 42 Snake Island, 138, 200 strategic setbacks, Russian, 2, 17, 31, 128-37, 177, 184, 189, 22557 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 196-203, 219-21, 225-33, 250-57, 286, 382-9 Ukrainian resistance, underestima tion of, 8, 15-16, 130, 132-3 war crimes, 113, 140, 152, 157-66, 171, 183, 193-5 Western response, expectations of, 8-9, 16 weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 118-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 31, 183, 188, 210-16, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278, 408 Russophobia, 125, 127, 137, 178, 206, 277, 344 571
INDEX Rutgers University, 84 Rutsky, Joseph, 102 Ryabkov, Sergei, 117 Ryazan, Russia, 388 Rybachuk, Oleh, 48 Rybakov, Sergei, 279, 377 Rybar, 201, 238, 250, 253, 396, 400 S-300 air defence systems, 116, 157, 199, 358, 396 S-400 air defence systems, 135, 280, 319, 347-8 Saakashvili, Mikheil, 3, 88, 324 Sabin, Dmitry, 242 Sachsenhausen concentration camp, 144 al-Sadr, Moqtada, 365 Safranchuk, Ivan, 114 Sahel region, 369 Sakhalin Island, 308, 338 Saky airbase, Novofedorivka, 220, 228 Salazar, Kenneth, 376 Saldo, Vladimir, 159, 255 Salem, 42 Sall, Macky, 368 Salles, Ricardo, 375 Salvini, Matteo, 270 Samara, Russia, 388 Samarkand, Uzbekistan, 305 sanctions, 17-19, 27-30, 31, 140—43, 174-6, 216, 381, 400-402 Africa and, 368 Armenia and, 300 Bangladesh and, 330 Black Sea region and, 283, 284, 286-7 China and, 307-9, 311-13, 316 Crimea annexation (2014), 46, 50, 313 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 63-5, 76 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 572 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 EU public support for, 271, 273 European board members, 267 grain exports crisis (2022), 203-10, 258-9 hot peace period (2021), 98-9 hybrid war and, 181-2 India and, 69, 317, 319, 320-21 Indo-Pacific region and, 306, 335 Iran and, 324-5, 327-8 Israel and, 350-51, 353 Japan and, 337, 338 Kaliningrad and, 275-6 Kazakhstan and, 299, 302-3 Latin America and, 374-5 nationalisation and, 142, 406 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 North Korea and, 332 Philippines and, 332 Russian Orthodox Church and, 179 South Korea and, 340 Turkey and, 345, 348, 349 Sandu, Maia, 283, 286 Sannikov,
Andrei, 91, 99, 296 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 289 Saratov, Russia, 234, 388, 389 Saryusz-Wolski, Jacek, 276, 278 Satan IIICMB, 181 Satanovsky, Yevgeny, 278, 408 Satter, David, 52 al-Saud, Talal al-Faisal, 364 Saudi Arabia, 70, 80, 260, 360-62, 364 Saulenko, Olexander, 208 Savchenko, Nadezhda, 77 Savchuk, Sergei, 206, 213, 218, 362 Savinsky, Alexey, 403 Savluchenko, Dmytro, 202 Sberbank, 63,112, 141, 174, 217, 267, 309 SBU (Sluzhba bezpeky Ukrainy), see Security Service of Ukraine Scherba, Olexander, 64 Schlegel, Robert, 35 Schoenbaum, Arne, 268
INDEX Scholz, Olaf, 5, 107-8, 140, 207, 218, 275 Schönbach, Kay-Achim, 268 Schröder, Gerhard, 267 Schüssel, Wolfgang, 266 Sea Breeze exercises, 36 Sea of Azov, 55, 81, 96, 137, 139, 255 Sechin, Igor, 51, 63 Security Service of Ukraine (SBU), 53, 133, 140, 166, 202, 208, 252-3, 388 Séléka, 369 Semenov, Kirill, 326, 357, 358 semiconductors, 174, 337, 340, 341, 401 Senegal, 213 Sentsov, Oleg, 85 Serbia, 10, 162, 265, 289-94, 334 Serdyukov, Anatoly, 15, 190, 394 Sergeytsev, Timofey, 96, 172-3 Servant of the People Party, 148 Seselj, Vojislav, 292 Sevastopol, Crimea, 14, 42, 43, 44, 145, 200, 208, 212, 220, 259, 261 Severodonetsk, Luhansk, 55, 140, 156, 188-92 Seversk, Bakhmut, 385 Seychelles, 51 Shafiyev, Farid, 300-301 Shahed-class drones, 28, 326-7, 396 Shahid Beheshti University, 326 Shaked, Ayelet, 352 Shakhnazarov, Karen, 108 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 12, 305 Sharafmal, Fakhrudin, 123 Sharov, Alexei, 47 Shea, Jamie, 397 Sheikh Hasina, 330 Sheremet, Mikhail, 122-3 Sherman, Wendy, 204, 205 Shevardnadze, Eduard, 12 Shevchenko, Taras, 103 Shiropaiev, Aleksei, 26 Shmyhal, Denys, 287 Shoigu, Sergei, 193, 232, 256, 394 Black Sea drills (2021), 96-7 chemical attack claims, 109 Crimea annexation (2014), 47 criticism of, 184, 251-2 dirty bomb claims, 263 Kherson withdrawal, 256 Mediterranean Region, views on, 68 military base claims, 51 missiles, views on, 68 mobilisation, views on, 238 Myanmar, relations with, 335 nuclear threats, 117 Syria, relations with, 357 Ukraine invasion (2022), 130 short-range ballistic missiles (SRBMs), 73, 94, 168-9, 199, 219, 297, 377, 393
Shostakovich, Dmitri, 178 Shtepa, Pavel, 126 Shturmovshchina trap, 394 Shugaev, Dmitry, 319, 347 Shugaley, Maxim, 178-9 Shukhevych, Roman, 123 Shumy, Donetsk, 95 Sibal, Kanwal, 318, 320 Siberia, 69, 131, 159, 256, 289, 308, 311,336 Sibur, 313 Siemens, 217 Sigov, Yuri, 371 Sikorski, Radek, 261, 276 siloviki, 22, 65 Siluanov, Anton, 142 Simferopol, Crimea, 212, 256 Simonyan, Margarita, 108, 110, 173, 178, 180, 223, 241, 300, 302-3, 311,393, 396 Sinelshchikov, Yury, 171 Singapore, 51 Sinno Electronics, 313 Sinopec, 313 el-Sisi, Abdel Fattah, 70 573
INDEX Siversk, Donetsk, 192 Siverskyi Donets River, 57, 118, 234 Sivkov, Konstantin, 117, 150, 209, 358, 394, 404 Skabeeva, Olga, 174, 180, 185, 206, 222, 240, 241, 244, 254, 255, 389, 408 Skachko, Vladimir, 127 Skibitsky, Vadim, 199 Skochilenko, Alexandra, 20 Skybitsky, Vadym, 391-2 Slavophile self-image, 9 Sleboda, Mark, 123 Slovakia, 37, 176, 249, 408 Slovenia, 175 Sloviansk, Donetsk, 54, 55, 61, 168, 188, 257 Slutsky, Leonid, 37, 76, 121, 149, 150, 171, 285, 404 Smila, Ukraine, 149 smuggling, 28, 99, 206-9, 217-18, 348-9, 356, 368 Snake Island, 138, 199, 200-201, 220 snatch squads, 233 Snihurivka, Mykolaiv, 138-9, 246, 255 snipers, 135 Snyder, Timothy, 26 Sobchak, Ksenia, 52 Sobolev, Yevhen, 202 Sobyanin, Sergei, 145, 217, 241 Sochi Olympics (2014), 51-2 Sochi, Russia, 38, 70, 183 Social Democratic Party of Germany, 108, 267 Social Democratic Party of Sweden, 279 social media, 20, 30 soft power, 9, 13-14, 30, 46, 266-73, 299, 331 Sokol, Sergey, 242 Sokolov, Konstantin, 238 Soldatov, Andrei, 347 Soledar, Bakhmut, 383, 385 Solovyov, Vladimir 574 anti-war protests, 145 Baltic States, views on, 275 Brinkmanship Crisis, 108 Bucha massacre uncovering, 167, 168 China, views on, 311 civilian infrastructure strikes, views on, 399 Crimea, views on, 393 Dugina assassination, 222-3 grain exports crisis, 208 hybrid war narrative, 178, 180, 185 Kerch Bridge attack, 253 mobilisation, views on, 240—41,4056 Myanmar and, 335 North Korea, views on, 334 nuclear threats, 263, 284 Poland, views on, 278 POWs, views on, 173 Romania, relations with, 284 Ukrainian counter-offensive, 252
Russophobia, views on, 178 Victory Day celebrations, 151-2 Solovyov Live, 213, 302 Somalia, 163, 178, 258, 260 Song Zhongping, 311 Soroka, Anna, 118 South Africa, 28, 213, 307, 366, 367 South and Southeast Asia, 329-32 South Caucasus region, 266,287,299301 South China Sea, 69, 70, 80, 331 South Korea, 32, 306, 339-40 South Ossetia, 3, 66, 111, 287, 288, 289, 303, 323 Sovcombank, 141 sovereign democracy model, 24 Soviet Union (1922-91), 103 Afghanistan War (1979-89), 16, 115, 183,317 Belovezh Accords (1991), 249 counter-revolution, 10-11 coup attempt (1991), 253, 254
INDEX Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 318, 366 Czechoslovakia invasion (1968), 3, 11-12,317 death penalty decree (1947), 126 decolonisation, support for, 343 dissolution (1991), 9, 23, 223, 248 East Germany protests (1953), 11 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 Hungarian Revolution (1956), 11, 317 India, relations with, 317 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 nostalgia for, 25, 145 post-war reconstruction, 173-4, 185 Shturmovshchina trap, 394 UAE, relations with, 362 Ukrainian Insurgent Army conflict (1942-56), 15, 42 Vietnam War (1955-75), 331, 334 World War II (1939-45), see World Warll weaponry from, 1, 73, 177, 282, 333 Sovsun, Inna, 164, 165 space, 376 Spain, 133, 271 Sparta Battalion, 233 Spasatel Vasily Bekh, 200 special military operation, 1, 3, 31, 151, 170, 178 Spetsnaz, 278 SPFS, 29, 324, 335 Spike anti-tank missiles, 350 Sputnik, 85, 144, 269, 378 Srebrenica massacre (1995), 168 Sri Lanka, 318, 330 St. George Ribbon, 125, 145 St. Petersburg, Russia, 240, 242, 245, 297, 401 St. Petersburg Economic Forum, 303, 321, 335, 344 Stalin, Joseph, 24, 25, 73, 103, 185 Starovoit, Roman, 237 Starstreak anti-aircraft missiles, 117, 177 statist self-image, 9 Steinmeier, Frank-Walter, 57, 2Ы Steinmeier formula (2019), 86 Stepanovka, Kherson, 256 Stinger anti-aircraft defence systems, 117, 129 Stoltenberg, Jens, 312, 394 Strandhall, Annika, 279 Stremousov, Kirill, 159, 202, 208, 228, 230, 245, 255, 256 Strizh UAVs, 389 Struk, Volodymyr, 156 Stubb, Alexander, 278 Su-24 jets, 297 Su-34 jets, 129 Su-35 jets, 200, 328, 367 Subkh, Maksym, 355 Sudan, 12, 45, 70, 260, 355, 368, 369 Sufism,243 SUGS,
145 Sukhovetsky, Andrey, 135 Sullivan, Jake, 250, 326, 407 Sumy, Ukraine, 118, 133 Sumykhimprom ammonia leak (2022), 118 Sunak, Rishi, 259 sunflowers, 204, 207, 208 surface-to-air missiles, 334, 389 surface-to-surface missiles, 227, 328 Surkov, Vladislav, 22, 24, 46, 61, 76, 153, 184 Surovikin, Sergei, 193, 253-4, 255, 256, 386, 394-5, 404, 405 Sushentsov, Andrey, 182 Sushko, Oleksandr, 48 Suslov, Dmitry, 50, 148, 233, 307, 316, 371 Suwalki corridor, 281 Suzdaltsev, Andrey, 206, 277 Svatovo, Luhansk, 190, 257, 386, 393 Sviatohirsk Lavra monastery, Donetsk, 194 575
INDEX SVR (Sluzhba vneshney razvedki), 90, 111 Sweden, 27, 261, 271, 278-81, 318 SWIFT, 28, 29, 63, 140-41, 175, 181, 207, 321, 340, 368 Switzerland, 27, 63, 177 Sycheva, Yulia, 249 Syria, 3, 7, 12, 15, 68, 75, 76, 79-80, 129, 154, 158, 163, 190, 191,241, 344, 356-9 Astana Peace Process (2016-), 324, 357, 359 barrel bombs in, 356 chemical weapons, use of, 79-80, 167-8, 356 cluster munitions in, 169 death corridors in, 158 disinformation on, 167-8 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 356 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 false flag conspiracy theories, 140 GCC, relations with, 362 Iran, relations with, 70, 324, 329, 357, 358-9, 364 Israel, relations with, 351-2 Moskva operations, 156 Orthodox Church and, 81 Revolution (2011), 40 Surovikin in, 253-4 Turkey, relations with, 70, 346, 357, 358 UNGA Resolution ES-11/1 (2022), 28 UNGA Resolution 68/262 (2014), 45 US oil seizure plan (2019), 213 VKS jets in, 129 Wagner Group in, 29, 80, 235, 237, 358 Syriza, 64, 268 Syrskyi, Oleksandr, 394 System Capital Management, 48 576 Sytii, Dmitry, 403 Szijjârtô, Péter, 272 T-62 tanks, 234 T-72 tanks, 177 T-80 tanks, 230 T-80BV tanks, 235 T-90M tanks, 235 Taco LLC, 300 Taiwan, 32, 303, 306, 310, 311, 337, 340-41 Tajikistan, 3, 28, 67, 303 Tai Rifat region, Syria, 357, 358, 359 Taliban, 306, 332, 335-6 Talipo V, 234 de Tambèla, Apollinaire Kyélem, 370 Tambov, Russia, 236 tanks, 16, 82, 87, 94, 169, 176-7, 230, 234, 391 Taran, Sergiy, 38 Tarantsov, Dmitry, 373 Tasheva, Tamila, 240 Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr, 178, 277 TCS Group, 184 teachers, 159-60 technology imports,
174, 337, 340, 341,401 Telegram anti-war movement and, 145 Battle of Bakhmut, 384 Battle of Severodonetsk, 189 Central Asia and, 302 civilian infrastructure attacks and, 399 Dagestani networks, 243 demilitarization, discourse on, 115 Donbas offensive, 153, 185 Dugina assassination (2022), 221, 223 genocide and, 164 Girkin on, 185, 232 Grey Zone, 302, 404 Holmogor Talks, 232
INDEX Iranian drones and, 327 Korotchenko on, 399 Kramatorsk attack, 169 NATO, views on, 22 Nazism narratives on, 124 partial mobilisation, 234, 238, 241, 243 phase two and, 153 Poland missile strike (2022), 396 Postovo, 231 Reverse Side of the Medal, 231 Russian Orientalist, 198 Rybar, 201, 238, 250, 253, 396, 400 Simonyan on, 241 Solovyov on, 145 Taiwan and, 311 Talipo V, 234 Tsargrad, 201, 244, 284, 311, 338 Turkey and, 349 Ukraine invasion, 139 Ukrainian counter-offensive, 198, 201, 230-32, 234 Voenkor Kotenok, 223, 384 Wagner Group on, 231, 251, 402 Z symbol on, 144 Telesur, 379 Teplinsky, Mikhail, 190, 395 Thailand, 70, 330, 331 Tharoor, Shashi, 317-18 thermobaric artillery, 193 third battalions, 234 Thirty Years War (1618-48), 122 Thomas-Greenfield, Linda, 121, 163 Tian Feilong, 312 Tibet, 311 Tigr armoured cars, 229 TikTok, 132 Timchenko, Gennady, 112, 313 Time for Change! campaign (2022), 183 Timofeev, Ivan, 143, 186 Tinkoff Bank, 184 Tinkov, Oleg, 184 Tiraspol, Transnistria, 283, 284 TMH International, 375 Tochka-U missiles, 73, 168-9, 199, 219, 229 Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart, 106-7, 303 Tolstoy, Pyotr, 200 Tomyna Balka, Kherson, 227 Tongjiang-Nizhneleninskoye railway bridge, 309 Tornado missiles, 199 torture, 45, 124, 125, 128, 157, 212, 231 totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382 Touadéra, Faustin-Archange, 369 Toyota, 142 trade embargo (2013), 37 Tradition festival, 221 Transadria Ltd, 98 Transcarpathia, 272 Transnistria, 107, 139, 153, 283, 284-6 Traoré, Ibrahim, 370 Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686), 102 trench warfare, 383, 386 Trigunayat, Anil, 318 Trilateral
Contact Group, 83, 95 Trump, Donald, 85, 92, 93-4, 269, 308, 375 Truss, Elizabeth ‘Liz’, 117, 289, 302, 318 Tsai Ing-wen, 340 Tsargrad, 201, 244, 284, 311, 338 Tsaryov, Oleg, 61, 136, 232, 248, 389, 394, 404 Tsekov, Sergei, 122, 244 Tsepkalo, Valery, 91, 99 Tsikhanouskaya, Svitlana, 90, 91, 296 Tsinghua University, 315 Tsivilev, Sergey, 130-31, 237 Tsyganenko, Bogdan, 221 Tsygankov, Andrei, 10 Tu-141 Strizh UAVs, 389 Tu-160 bombers, 377 Tu-160 jets, 388 Tu-160 strategic bombers, 253 577
INDEX Tu-95 jets, 388 Tulip Revolution (2005), 40 Tulsi Gabbard, 120 Tunisia, 205 Turchak, Andrey, 184, 245 Turchynov, Oleksandr, 34, 44, 53-4, 128 Turkey, 80, 304, 344, 345-9 African markets, access to, 371 Azerbijan, relations with, 41, 301 Bayraktar ТВ-2 drones, 134, 156, 301, 346 Bosporus closure, 209, 345 Chubais in, 146 Council of Europe expulsion (2022), 162 coup attempt (2016), 348 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95 Crimean Tatars, relations with, 345, 346 Cyprus, relations with, 269 de-dollarisation, 347, 363 emigration to, 20, 346-7 grain exports crisis (2022), 209, 258, 259, 260, 348-9 Istanbul Peace Talks (2022), 146-50, 298 military aid, 134, 156, 301, 346 Putins visit (2022), 326 Russia, trade with, 347 S-400 air defence systems, 347-8 Samarkand summit (2022), 306 sanctions and, 345, 348, 349 smuggling in, 348-9 strategic autonomy, 345 Syria, relations with, 70, 346, 357, 358-9 technology exports, 401 ZhibekZholy seizure (2022), 349 Turkmenistan, 335, 336 TurkStream pipeline, 272 Tushayev, Magomed, 136 Tuva, 239 Twitter, 20, 144 578 Tymoshenko, Yulia, 36, 39, 101 Tyotkino, Russia, 219 Uganda, 343, 365-6 Uhledar heating plant, Donetsk, 236 Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (201415), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 constitutional amendment (2019), 87 Crimea annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66 de-communisation, 125 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170-71 Donbas occupation (2014), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34,45,46-71 economic coercion of, 13, 37 electrical facilities cyber-attack (2015), 83 EU, relations with, 6, 13, 14, 33, 35, 37-42, 49, 58, 79,
86, 100, 147 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 7, 8, 30, 33-42, 49, 59, 79, 88, 90, 124, 127, 136, 161 historical narratives and, 20-21, 73, 102-4 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 military aid, 83, 108, 116 NATO, relations with, 4-6, 14, 22, 35-6, 48, 58, 73-4, 78-9, 87-8, 119, 147 natural gas crisis (2005-6), 13 NotPetya virus attack (2017), 83 Orange Revolution (2004-5), 10, 12, 14, 40, 126 parliamentary elections (2014), 6 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 presidential election (1994), 13 presidential election (2004), 36 presidential election (2014), 53, 55, 83
INDEX presidential election (2019), 78, 845 Russia Friendship Treaty (1997), 14 Russian influence, crackdown on (2021), 88-9 Russian language in, 125 Russian Orthodox Church, relations with, 80-81 Russian trade embargo (2013), 37 Sevastopol lease (1997), 14 weapons, development of, 227 WMD programmes, 118 World War II (1939-45), 15, 42, 103, 122, 125 Ukrainian Air Assault Forces, 194 Ukrainian Army Missile Brigade, 13th, 169 Kholodny Yar Brigade, 384 Tank Brigade, 1st, 134 Ukrainian Insurgent Army, 15, 42, 123 Ukrainian Orthodox Church, 41, 81, 83, 102, 194 Ukrainian Territorial Defence Forces, 133, 157, 158, 201, 384 Ukrainskaya Pravda, 199, 252 Ulbricht, Walter, 11 Ulyanov, Mikhail, 213, 218, 258 Ulyanovsk, Russia, 234 Umerov, Rustam, 146 Uniate Church, 102 UnionPay, 313 unipolar order, 28, 49, 65, 343 United Arab Emirates (UAE), 167, 360-64, 368 United Kingdom AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Bakhmut, intelligence on (2022), 257 biological weapons accusations, 121 Black Sea blockade (2022), 209, 259 China, relations with, 315 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95 Croatia, relations with, 290 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 drone warfare, 259, 261 Dugina assassination (2022), 221, 222-3 Falklands War (1982), 375 grain exports deal (2022), 209, 259 Kazakhstan, relations with, 302-3 Luhansk fortification intelligence, 386 military aid, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 MI6, 197-8 Murayev rumours (2022), 136-7 sanctions, imposition of, 141, 271 Sevastopol drone attack (2022), 259, 261 starvation, claims of, 182 trilateral security agreement (2022), 108 Ukraine invasion (2022), 108, 116, 117
war crimes, response to, 161, 162, 165, 167 weaponry, supply of, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 United Nations Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 205 Charter, 3, 47, 163, 249, 293 civilian infrastructure attacks and, 399 Donbas War (2014-22), 77 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249, 265, 290, 292-3, 365 General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1 (2022), 28 General Assembly Resolution 68/262 (2014), 45-6 Genocide Convention, 165 grain export deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258 High Representative for Disarmament, 121 Human Rights Council (UNHRC), 27, 163-4, 170, 292, 350, 354, 360, 376 579
INDEX Israel-Palestine conflict, 355 Security Council (UNSC), 162,163, 167 Syrian War (2011-), 356 Ukraine invasion (2022), 113, 121, 360, 366, 372 war crimes, responses to, 162, 1634, 167 World Food Programme (WFP), 204 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 United Russia Party, 8, 14, 22, 24, 40, 208, 242, 270 United States AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Azerbijan, relations with, 301 biological weapons accusations, 4, 120-21, 311 Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 259, 260 Black Sea drills (2021), 5 Bout-Griner prisoner exchange (2022), 409 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108, 109-10 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 Central Asia, influence in, 10 China, relations with, 310-12, 313, 315,316 civilian infrastructure, doctrine and, 397 Crimea crisis (2014), 46 Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 318, 366 defensive weapons export (2017), 5 dollar, 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 54, 57, 63, 78 580 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 Engels airbase attack (2022), 389 Exercise Pitch Black, 310 GCC, relations with, 360, 362 grain exports crisis (2022), 204, 259, 260 hot peace period (2021), 98 India, relations with, 322 INF Treaty withdrawal (2019), 923 Iran, relations with, 322-3, 324, 328, 329 Latin America, relations with, 373 Magnitsky Act (2012), 50 Medvedchuk sanctions (2021), 89 midterm elections (2022), 269-70, 406-7 military aid, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201, 390-91, 406-7 Monroe Doctrine (1823), 71, 373 NATO accession and, 5 natural gas supplies, 282 Nazism
conspiracy theories and, 127 Ochakiv command centre construction (2017), 88 Poland, relations with, 277, 278 presidential election (2016), 80 presidential election (2020), 93 regime change and, 19 sanctions, imposition of, 141, 143, 174, 182, 207,218, 249, 300 South Korea, relations with, 340 Syria oil seizure plan (2019), 213 Taiwan, relations with, 311-12 Ukraine invasion (2022-), 83, 108, 116 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 228 unilateralism, 10 unipolar order, 28, 49, 65, 343 Vietnam War (1955-75), 331, 334 war crimes, response to, 163, 165-6
INDEX weaponry, supply of, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201,390-91,406-7 Yarovsky training ground instruc tors, 88 United World International, 221 University of Tehran, 324 University ofTsukuba, 336 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), see drones UP-4 project, 120 urea, 174 Urgant, Ivan, 145 Uruguay, 373 Ushakov, Yury, 375 Utkin, Dmitry, 124 Uyama, Hideki, 337 Uyanaev, Sergey, 320 Uzbekistan, 304, 305, 336, 403 V symbol, 144 Vaino, Anton, 22 VakifBank, 348 Van Schaack, Beth, 158 Vankor oilfields, Siberia, 69 Vasiliev, Vladimir, 283 Vasily Bekh, 137 Vassilev, Assen, 282 Vasylkiv Airbase, Kyiv, 134 Vasylky, Mykolaiv, 230 VEB, 112, 141 Vecernje Novosti, 291 Vedyakhin, Alexander, 309 Vekselberg, Viktor, 341 Venediktova, Iryna, 102, 158 Venezuela, 46, 51, 71, 92, 112, 208, 344, 377-8 Vereshchuk, Iryna, 272, 287 Vesna opposition movement, 242 Vessel Traffic Control Center, Mariupol, 155 Vesti Nedeli, 110 Vesti, 123, 127 Victory Day, 151-2, 153, 185, 303 Vietnam, 28, 51, 70, 213, 306, 330-31, 334 Vikul, Oleksandr, 133 Vilkha MLRS systems, 229 Vilnius, Lithuania, 38 virtual great power status, 30, 71, 305, 344 Visa, 313 Vityaz-353 missile system, 389 VKS fixed-wing jets, 129 Vladivostok, Russia, 43, 267, 306, 339 Vnesheconombank, 375 Vodolatsky, Viktor, 96 Voenkor Kotenok, 223, 384 Volfovich, Alexander, 297 Volhynia, 127 Volobuyev, Igor, 184 Volodin, Vyacheslav, 62, 95, 111, 122, 128, 170-71, 181, 338 Voloshyn, Oleg, 100 Von der Leyen, Ursula, 157, 175-6 Voronezh, Russia, 94, 230, 249 Vostok Battalion, 223 Vostok military drills (2022), 310, 321 Vovk, Natalia, 221-2 Voyenni Osvedomitel,
327 Voznesensk, Ukraine, 139 Vsevolod Bobrov, 137, 200 VTB, 112, 141, 287 Vucic, Alexander, 290, 292, 293-4 Vuhledar power plant, Donetsk, 192 Vyborny, Anatoly, 279 Vzglyad, 371 Wagner Centre, St. Petersburg, 403 Wagner Group, 31, 60, 90, 131-2, 192, 231, 235-6, 402-3 in Africa, 12, 70, 80, 136 in Belarus, 12, 90 Bucha massacre (2022), 161 in Central African Republic, 80, 369 Donbas offensive (2022-3), 29, 131-2, 156, 192, 270, 383 Donbas War (2014-22), 54 in Kazakhstan, 12 in Kyrgyzstan, 304 581
INDEX in Libya, 369 Luhansk, defence of, 257, 390 in Mali, 369-70 neo-Nazis in, 124 North Korean arms purchases, 333 Nuzhin execution (2022), 403 partial mobilisation (2022), 235-6 Poland and, 278 Prigozhin and, 23, 192, 235-7, 369, 383, 385, 402-3 in Serbia, 291-2 as ‘shock troops’, 383 in Sudan, 12, 369 in Syria, 29, 80, 235, 237, 358 Sytii assassination attempt (2022), 403 on Telegram, 231, 251 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 251,257, 390 in Uzbekistan, 304 Zelensky assassination attempts (2022), 136 Wahhabism, 243 Wall Street Journal, 52, 210, 262 Wand-Danielsson, Veronika, 279, 281 Wang Wenbin, 312 WangYi, 307, 314 Waqqaf, Ammar, 359 war crimes, 113, 140, 152, 157-66 Bucha massacre, see Bucha massacre cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 disinformation on, 166-74 in Donetsk, 157-8, 193-6 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 Izyum massacre, 230-31 Kramatorsk attack, 158, 166, 168-9, 177 Olenivka Prison massacre, 194-5 Warsaw Pact, 10, 11 Warsaw Summit (2016), 274 Washington Post, The, 7 water supplies, 78, 172, 187, 247, 254, 396, 397 582 ‘We are Together with Russia’, 247 ‘We Don’t Care About the Price!’ slogan, 248 Weak Strongman (Frye), 7 weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 118-21 Wei Fenghe, 80, 313 Western Balkans, 289-94 Western Military District, 188 Western self-image, 9 wheat, 203-5, 208, 258, 260, 320, 329 White Russians, 346 Wickremesinghe, Ranil, 330 Winninc Electronic, 313 Winter Olympics 2014 Sochi, 51-2 2022 Beijing, 312 Winter War (1939-40), 185 World Bank, 300 World Defence Show, 360 World Food Programme (WFP), 204, 258 World Jetta, 313 World War I
(1914-18), 103, Ш, 384 World War II (1939-45), 15, 31, 125 Battle of Kursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 Battle of Stalingrad (1942-3), 236 conscription, 234 Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings (1945), 93 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352-3 Kazakhstan in, 303 Mariupol occupation (1941-3), 158 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Nazi collaborators, 42, 103, 125-6, 352 Potsdam Conference (1945), 122 prisoners of war (POWs), 173-4 Siege of Sevastopol (1941-2), 145 UNSC and, 339 Victory Day, 151-2, 153, 185
INDEX Winter War (1939-40), 185 Yugoslavia in, 289-90 World War III, potential for, 2, 180, 220, 375 Xi Jinping, 112, 305,307,314,315 Xinhua, 69 Xinjiang, 311 Yabloko, 52, 346 Yak-130 ground attack aircraft, 334 Yakovlev, Petr, 374 Yamal-Europe, 261 Yampol, Donetsk, 250 Yan Xuetong, 315 Yandex, 83 Yanev, Stefan, 283 Yanukovych, Viktor, 8, 13, 14, 33-42, 44, 46, 49, 75,84, 137 Yarosh, Dmytro, 58, 83 Yarovaya, Irina, 59, 127 Yarovsky training ground, Lviv, 88 Yashin, Ilya, 52 Yatsenyuk, Arseniy, 34, 59, 101 Yavlinsky, Grigory, 39 Yekaterinburg, Russia, 235, 242 Yellen, Janet, 163 Yeltsin, Boris, 12, 23-4, 25, 145 Yemen, 70, 163, 178, 205, 324, 361 Yerevan, Armenia, 299 Yermak, Andriy, 211, 223, 250, 350, 353 Yevpatoria, Crimea, 256 Yoon Suk-yeol, 340 YPG (Yekîneyên Parastina Gel), 359 yuan, 308, 309, 312, 320-21 Yugoslavia (1918-92), 63, 289, 311 Yuschenko, Ihor, 161 Yushchenko, Viktor, 6, 14, 35, 39, 48, 64, 126 Yusin, Maxim, 252 Z symbol, 144, 145, 184, 208, 210, 291, 356 Zabuchchya, Kyiv, 157 Zagorodnyuk, Andriy, 99, 132, 251 Zaitseve, Donetsk, 257 Zakharchenko, Alexander, 55, 56, 83, 85 Zakharova, Maria, 145, 222, 275, 289, 293, 353, 397 Zakhilwal, Omar, 336 Zalishchuk, Svitlana, 78 Zaluzhny, Valery, 97, 227-8, 230, 392 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine Donbas War (2014-22), 15 fortification of, 386, 394 grain production, 207 nuclear plant crisis (2022), 31, 183, 188, 210-16, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278, 408 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 245, 247, 252, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian offensive (2022), 2, 138, 139, 153, 183, 188 Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686), 102
Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 31, 198, 199, 390 Zarubezhneft, 267 Zatoka, Ukraine, 139 Zatulin, Konstantin, 48, 61, 110, 263, 300, 303 Zaw Min Tun, 334 Zelenska, Olena, 399 Zelensky, Volodymyr, 1, 84-9 assassination attempts on, 113,1357 Azerbaijan, relations with, 301 Bakhmut visit (2022), 383 Battle of Lyman (2022), 251 Brazil, relations with, 375 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 97 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 civilian infrastructure attacks, views on, 396, 398—9 583
INDEX constitutional amendment (2019), 87 counter-offensive (2022), 197, 200, 202-3, 225, 227 coup plots against, 113, 132-3 Crimea, views on, 220, 390 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95-6 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170-71 Donbas peace proposals (2019), 85 drones, comments on, 398 EU, relations with, 86, 87 Georgia, relations with, 287 India, relations with, 317 Israel, relations with, 350, 353, 355 Japan, relations with, 339 Jewish heritage, 122 Kherson visit (2022), 225 Kyiv strikes (2022), 254 Medvedchuk, relationship with, 100101, 385 Mercosur summit snub (2022), 29, 372 Munich Security Conference (2022), 118 NATO, relations with, 5,87-8,24950 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 1223 no-fly zone proposals, 129 Nova Kakhovka warning (2022), 255 Odesa visit (2022), 209-10 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194 Orban, relationship with, 272 partial mobilisation (2022), 238-40 peace talks (2022), 146-7 presidential elections (2019), 84-5 Putin, relationship with, 85, 104 Qatar, relations with, 362-3 rape, statement on, 158 584 ‘Rashism’, popularisation of, 26 Romania visit (2022), 283 Russian influence, crackdown on (2021), 88-9 Russian invasion (2022), 111-12, 113, 122 Snake Island liberation (2022), 200 T-72 tanks request (2022), 177 UNSC and, 163 U.S. Congress address (2022), 391 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 WMD assertions, 118-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 215-16 Zeman, Milos, 267-8 Zemin, Eduard, 205 Zhang Jun, 307 Zhao Lijian, 311 Zhaparov, Sadyr, 303 Zhdanov, Yuri, 126 Zhibek Zholy, 349 Zhidko, Gennady, 191 Zhirinovsky, Vladimir, 21, 47, 76 Zhuchkovsky,
Alexander, 173 Zhudov, Artyom, 47 Zhukov, Georgy, 125 Zibakalam, Sadegh, 324 Zibur, 267 ZIK, 88 Zimbabwe, 45, 70 Ziraat, 348 Zolfaghar missile systems, 328 Zolote, Luhansk, 86 Zourabichvili, Salome, 287 ZSH1 artillery shells, 168 Zubov, Andrei, 26, 53 Zuganov, Gennady, 55-6, 110, 122, 144-5,233 Zvezda, 166 Zyabrovka airfield, Belarus, 220 Zyryanov, Vladimir, 208 |
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS 1. Putin’s War on Ukraine 1 2. Russia Tries to Overturn the Euro-Maidan Revolution 33 3. Brinkmanship and the Unfreezing of the Ukraine War 73 4. The “Special Military Operation” Begins 113 5. Russia Downsizes its Goals in Ukraine 151 6. Russia’s Summer War 187 7. Counter-Offensive and Mobilisation 225 8. Russia’s Isolation from the West and the Post-Soviet Space 265 9. Russia Pivots to the East 305 10. The Resilience of Russia’s Influence in the Global South 343 Conclusion 381 Notes 411 Index 535
INDEX Aidar Battalion, 78, 123-4, 191 AIR Center, 300 air-to-surface missiles, 200 Airborne Division, 101st (US), 284 airspace violations, 280 Ajaokuta, Nigeria, 368 Akhmat, 251, 257 Akhmetov, Rinat, 48-9, 61, 101, 102 Akkuyu nuclear power plant, Turkey, 345, 347 Akopov, Petr, 143, 178 Aksyonov, Sergiy, 42, 46, 81, 122, 159, 237, 242 Akufo-Addo, Nana, 370 Akunin, Boris, 53 Albania, 290, 293 alcohol, 132, 185, 191, 235, 236 Alekhin, Gennady, 231 Alekperov, Vagit, 348 Aleppo, Syria, 158, 167, 359 Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, 10 Alexander III, Emperor of Russia, 331 Alfa-Bank, 174 Algeria, 28, 51, 260, 355 Alimov, Alexander, 194 Alipov, Denis, 306 Aliyev, Ilham, 301 Alksnis, Irina, 89 Abdi, Mazoum, 359 Abdulla, Abdulkhaleq, 362, 364 Abdullah II, King of Jordan, 364 Abe, Shinzo, 336, 339 Abkhazia, 107, 111, 287, 288, 303, 323 Aboul Gheit, Ahmed, 355 Abramovich, Roman, 146, 350-51, 363, 404 Abrams tanks, 391 Abu Dhabi, UAE, 360 Abu Dukhan, Nidal, 354 Acron PJSC, 376 Admiral Kuznetsov, 68 adoption laws, 164-5 Aerospace Industrial Organization (Iran), 328 Afghanistan, 163, 178 NATO War (2001-21), 311, 324, 329, 362 Soviet War (1979-89), 16, 115, 183,317 Taliban Emirate (2021-), 306, 318, 332, 335-6, 362 Africa, 365-71, 384 African Union, 270, 366 Agranovsky, Dmitry, 173-4 Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 324 Aho, Esko, 267 AHS Krab howitzers, 190 Allende, Salvador, 42 Alrosa Diamond, 351 535
INDEX Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD), 64, 270-71 aluminium, 174 Alyahya, Mohammed, 362 Amirabdhollahian, Hossein, 323 ammonia, 118, 360 Amur River, 309 AMX-10RC armoured tanks, 391 Andersson, Magdalena, 279 Andriushchenko, Petro, 158 Angola, 310 annexations Crimea (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66, 313 Eastern Ukraine (2022), 226, 2449, 251,265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Anonymous, 131 Anpilogov, Alexey, 222 Anschluss (1938), 53, 283 Antalya Diplomacy Forum, 146, 147 anthrax, 120 anti-air defence systems, 16, 116-17, 129, 135 anti-aircraft missiles, 116, 117, 177, 197 Anti-Orange Protests (2012), 40 anti-personnel mines, 183 anti-Semitism, 127, 352-4 anti-ship missiles, 139, 156, 177, 199 anti-tank missiles, 83, 116-17, 135, 177, 210, 274, 326 anti-tank systems/weapons, 15, 108, 116-17, 177 Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 anti-war movement, 19, 20, 25, 52-3, 93, 144-6, 177, 183-4, 382 emigration, 20, 288, 293, 300, 346-7 mobilisation and, 241-2 protests, 19, 20, 52-3, 144-5, 183, 241-2,382 Antonov Airport, Kyiv, 134, 288 536 Antonov, Anatoly, 259 Antonovskiy Bridge, Kherson, 138, 202 Aoun, Michel, 365 Apple, 142 Arab League, 260, 270, 343, 355 Arab Spring (2011), 12, 40, 164 Arab world, 355-65 Arabat Spit, Kherson, 43 al-Arabiya, 362 Arakhamia, David, 148 Arctic region, 307, 344, 401 Arestovych, Oleksiy, 95, 99, 191, 196, 197, 220, 227, 239, 251, 285, 390 Argentina, 29, 371, 373, 374, 375 Arkhangelsk, Russia, 181 Arkhangelske, Kherson, 226 Armenia, 28, 37, 45, 66, 90, 107, 162, 265, 299-300, 326 Nagorno-Karabakh
conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 arms control, 92-3, 181, 409 Army-2022 International Forum, 348 artillery, 15, 16, 57, 154 British supply of, 177, 197 Bucha massacre and, 168 Donbas War (2014-22), 57 Kherson, battle for, 202, 229, 383, 386, 387 Lysychansk, battle for, 191 Mariupol siege, 139, 158 NATO restrictions and, 176 North Korean supply of, 333 Odesa, battle for, 139 Pisky, levelling of, 192-3 Russian shortages of, 199, 333 Severodonetsk, battle of, 190 thermobaric, 192-3 Wagner Group and, 236 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 210 AS-15 Kent cruise missiles, 392 al-Assad, Basher, 12, 15, 70, 79-80, 253, 356, 357
INDEX Associated Press, The, 396 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 29, 70, 330, 335, 344 Astana Peace Process (2016-), 324, 357, 359 ATACMS, 391 Augusto Sandino International Airport, Managua, 374 AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Austin, Lloyd, 263, 273, 313 Australia, 32, 306, 312, 341-2 Austria-Hungary (1867-1918), 103 Austria, 10, 53, 266, 267, 283 autarky, 64 automobile industry, 401-2 Avakov, Arsen, 77, 128 Avars, 243 Avdiivka, Donetsk, 75, 109, 193 Avio, 15 Azarov, Mykola, 35, 38 Azerbaijan, 41, 66, 107, 162, 265, 282, 300-301, 304, 306, 348 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 Azizi, Hamidreza, 326 Azot chemical plant, Severodonetsk, 190, 191 Azov Regiment, 58, 127, 140, 155-6, 171-2, 174, 194-5, 221, 360, 404 Nazism and, 100, 123, 125, 171 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 140, 155, 158, 172, 221,269,282 Babayurt, Dagestan, 243 Babich, Dmitry, 109, 121 Bahrain, 360 Bajwa, Qamar Javed, 329-30 Bakhmut, Donetsk, 188, 190, 192, 257, 382-5 Balakliia, Kharkiv, 230, 231 Balakovo, Russia, 262 Balitsky, Yevgeny, 214 Balkans, 289-94 Balshon, Syria, 357 Baltic Pipe, 261 Baltic Sea, 266 Baltic Sea Fleet, 22 Baltic States, 66, 127, 129, 173, 176, 198, 217, 265, 273-6, 350 Estonia, 81, 165, 221-2, 249, 273-4, 279, 349, 350, 391 Latvia, 128, 165, 249, 274-5, 350, 396 Lithuania, 91, 99, 165, 179, 209, 249, 274-6, 281,295,350 Balyrskyi, Yevgeny, 208 Balytskyi, Yevhen, 212 Bandera, Stepan, 42, 122, 123, 126, 149, 172, 352 Bangladesh, 310, 330, 363 Bank Otkritie, 141 Barabandi, Bassam, 357 Baranets, Viktor, 174 barrel bombs, 356 Bartholomew I, Patriarch of Constantinople,
81 Barzani, Nechirvan, 365 al-Bashir, Omar, 70 Bastrykin, Alexander, 120, 171, 252 Basurin, Eduard, 168 battalion tactical groups (BTGs), 94, 130, 154, 155, 193, 202, 234, 385 Battle of Antonov Airport (2022), 134, 288 Battle of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Davydiv Brid (2022), 201 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62, 74 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 567 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Enerhodar (2022), 210 Battle of Hostomel (2022), 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 537
INDEX Battle of Kamdesh (2018), 79-80 Battle of Kharkiv (2022), 105, 133, 153-4, 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246 Battle of Kherson (2022), 43, 130, 138, 139 Battle of Kursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Battle of Lysychansk (2022), 190, 191, 192 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Battle of Stalingrad (1942-3), 236 Baunov, Alexander, 234 Bavar-373 missile system, 326 Bayraktar TB-2 drones, 134, 156, 301, 346 Beasley, David, 204 Béavogui, Mohamed, 366 Beetaloo Basin, Northern Territory, 341 Beglov, Alexander, 402 Beihang University 312 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022), 312 Beirut port explosion (2020), 365 Belarus, 12, 28, 65-6, 273-4, 295-8, 381 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 110 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 295 Crimea annexation (2014), 45 Donbas War (2014-22), 65-6 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 112 EAEU treaty (2014), 66 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249, 265 EU migration crisis (2021), 99, 105 Eurasian Customs Union, 37 Iran, relations with, 326 Jeans Revolution (2006), 39 538 Lithuania, relations with, 275 logistical support, 295, 392 missiles strikes from, 296 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 127 partial mobilisation (2022), 244 peace talks (2022), 146, 149 peoples militias, 296-7 Poland, relations with, 99, 295, 299 protests (2020), 7, 12, 18, 28, 89-92, 295, 296 Putin, relationship with, 295 sanctions and, 174 Ukraine invasion (2022), 28, 130, 135 Union Treaty negotiations (2000s), 298 Wagner Group in, 12, 90 Zyabrovka airfield explosions (2022), 220 Belgorod, Russia, 219, 256,
388, 390 Belgrade, Serbia, 289, 291 Belik, Dmitry, 150 Belovezh Accords (1991), 249 Belovezhskaya Pushcha, Belarus, 149 Belovodsky, Luhansk, 246 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 309 Benghazi, Libya, 369 Bennett, Naftali, 350, 353, 354 Beorn, Waitman Wade, 166 Berdyansk, Zaporizhzhia, 56, 169, 202, 208,315,349, 394 Bereza, Yuriy, 55 Berezovets, Taras, 225, 327 Beria, Lavrentiy, 11 Berkut, 33 Berlusconi, Silvio, 268 Berman, Sheri, 26 Beryslav, Kherson, 229 Bezimenne, Donetsk, 159 Bezpalko, Bogdan, 17, 123 Bibilov, Anatoly, 288 Biden,Joseph Bielieskov, Mykola, 138, 220 Biletsky, Andriy, 124
INDEX Bilhorod-Dnistrovsky, Odesa, 285 Bilohorivka, Lysychansk, 232-3, 257 Bin Talal, Alwaleed, 364 Biological Hazard Reduction Program, 120 biological weapons, 4, 118, 119-21, 172, 270, 311 bipolar order, 315 BKF, 340 Black Sea, 5, 41, 68, 80, 137-9, 188, 212, 221,266, 281-9 grain export deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 343, 365, 404, 408 Black Sea Fleet, 13, 14, 15, 48, 67, 96, 137, 139, 156, 188, 200, 259, 346 Blahodatne, Mykolaiv, 230 Blinken, Antony, 19, 99, 109-10, 370 blitzkrieg tactics, 30, 74, 130, 230 Bluefields sea port, Nicaragua, 374 BMW, 401 BND (Bundesnachrichtendienst), 161 Bobrov, Yevgeny, 43 Bodnar, Vasily, 348 Bogdanov, Mikhail, 368 Bolentkov, Dmitry, 201 Bolivia, 46, 71 Bolotnaya Square protests (2011-12), 18, 39, 52 Bolotov, Valery, 54 Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 10, 103, 149, 346 Bolsonaro, Jair, 375 Bondarenko, Oleg, 36 Bondarev, Boris, 23, 184 Bondarev, Viktor, 362 Bordachev, Timofey, 311 Borenovic, Branislav, 294 Borisov, Yury, 377 Borodai, Alexander, 54, 172 Borodyanka, Kyiv, 157 Borrell, Josep, 19, 218, 314, 407 Bortnikov, Alexander, 22, 93, 130 Boryspil International Airport, Kyiv, 134 Bosnia-Herzegovina, 168, 289, 294 Bosporus Strait, 209, 345 Bout, Viktor, 360, 409 Boychenko, Vadym, 140, 158 Boyka Towers, 212 Boyko, Yuriy, 13 Bradley fighting vehicles, 391 Bratchuk, Serhiy, 327 Brazil, 28, 71, 260, 326, 344, 372, 373, 374, 375-6, 377 Brennan, Margaret, 307 Bretton Woods system, 175 Brezhnev, Leonid, 11, 103, 234 BRICS, 29, 344 Brilev, Sergey, 175 Brinkmanship Crisis First (2021), 94-7 Second (2022), 105-10 British Broadcasting
Corporation (BBC), 114 Bronk, Justin, 129, 169 Brovary, Kyiv, 135 Bryansk, Russia, 43, 94, 219, 241 Bucha, Kyiv, 132, 134 Bucha massacre (2022), 157, 160-62, 165, 171 Belarus and, 295 China and, 311 cognitive dissonance over, 183 disinformation on, 166-8, 171, 183, 270, 272 India and, 318 Israel and, 350 Kadyrovtsky and, 161 sanctions and, 175 Sweden and, 279 Wagner Group and, 161 Bucharest Summit (2008), 4 Budanov, Kirill, 196, 200, 390 Budanov, Kyrylo, 389 Budapest Memorandum (1994), 35, 119, 273 Buhari, Muhammadu, 368 Buk-Ml systems, 116 539
INDEX Buk-M3 systems, 389 Bulgaria, 15, 175, 281-3 Bulldozer Revolution (2000), 10, 12 Burkina Faso, 370-71 Burns, William, 6 Burundi, 213 Buryatia, 239, 240 Bushmaster armoured vehicles, 341 Buzhinsky, Evgeny, 114 CAESAR howitzers, 117, 177 Cambodia, 330, 332 Cameroon, 367, 368 Canada, 46, 63, 95, 148, 165, 213, 216-17, 250 ‘cancel culture’, 178 ‘cannon fodder’, 131, 191, 296 Cape Coega, South Africa, 367 capital punishment, 75 Caribbean, 373 Carlson, Tucker, 120, 269 Carnegie Moscow Center, 25, 234 Carpathian Ruthenia, 103-4 Caspian Flotilla, 96 Caspian Sea, 321, 325 Catherine II, Empress of Russia, 68 Caucasus region North, 105, 159 South, 266, 287, 299-301 Çavusoglu, Mevlüt, 345, 358 CBRN troops, 212—13 Center for Comprehensive European and International Studies, 16 Center for Political Conjuncture, 75 Central African Republic, 29, 80, 112, 369, 403 Central Asia, 10, 66, 266, 301-4, 316, 336 Central Asian Barometer Survey, 302 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 6 Chalko, Alexander, 359 Channel 1 (Russia), 40, 41, 44, 167, 168, 169, 180 Channel 5 (Ukraine), 39 540 Channel 24 (Ukraine), 123 Chechnya, 9, 15, 16, 23, 59, 60, 132, 133, 135, 150, 158, 173,241 Akhmat special forces, 251, 257 anti-war movement in, 242 filtration camps in, 159 Kadyrovtsy, 132, 135-6, 156, 161, 195, 207, 277 Khasavyurt Accord (1996), 150 partial mobilisation (2022), 239, 240 chemical weapons, 4, 79, 109, 118, 339, 356 Chenoy, Anuradha, 317 Cherepakha, Albert, 207 Chernihiv, Ukraine, 31, 102, 113, 130, 133, 134, 148, 169,296 Chernobaevka, Kherson, 256 Chernobyl nuclear power plant, 134, 211
Chernokozovo detention centre, Chechnya, 159 Chernyshov, Boris, 399 Chesnakov, Alexei, 75 Chesnokov, Edward, 259 children, theft of, 164-5, 256 Chile, 42, 371, 373 China, 11, 27, 28, 29, 32, 51, 80, 305, 306-16, 393 advance knowledge, 312 Afghanistan, relations with, 335 Africa, neocolonialism in, 371 Arctic crude purchase (2023), 307, 401 arms trade, 310 automobile industry, 401-2 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 309 censorship in, 311 CIPS system, 29 corn exports to, 208 Crimea crisis (2014), 46 de-escalation, 313-16 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 East China Sea dispute, 307
INDEX Hong Kong, 92, 307 India, relations with, 322 Lithuania, relations with, 275 missile arsenal, 92 Myanmar, relations with, 334 NATO, relations with, 312-14 natural gas deals, 68-9, 308 ‘no-limits’ slogan, 307 North Korea, relations with, 332 as party to conflict, 313-14 sanctions on, 313 South China Sea dispute, 69, 70, 307, 331 South Korea, relations with, 340 Taiwan, relations with, 307, 311, 340-41 Tibet, 311 trade with, 308-9, 401 Ukraine invasion (2022), 28, 306-7 Ukraine, relations with, 314-15 United States, relations with, 310-12,313,315,316 Vbstok military drills (2022), 310 war crimes, response to, 167 Winter Olympics (2022), 312 Xinjiang, 311 yuan, 308, 309, 312, 320-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), 68-9, 308 Chiron MANPADS, 340 Chizhov, Vladimir, 17, 333 cholera, 120 Chollet, Derek, 292 Chonhar Peninsula, 43 Chopin, Frédéric, 277 Chornobaivka air base, Kherson, 200 Chrupalla, Tino, 271 Chubais, Anatoly, 23, 142, 146 Churkin, Vitaly, 44 CIPS, 29 citizenship, 86—7, 202-3, 245 civilians, 250—54, 395-400 casualties, 86, 140, 178, 199, 219, 220 evacuation of, 146-7, 158, 172, 189 infrastructure, targeting of, 83, 106, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 targeting of, 21, 109, 184, 190, 201, 203, 250-54, 395-400 war crimes against, 109, 128, 157-8, 168-9, 172, 201 climate change, 27, 146 Clinton, Hillary, 40 Clunan, Anne, 9 cluster munitions, 67, 134, 169 CNN, 20 coal, 174, 176, 182, 217, 308, 340, 341, 342 Cobasna, Transnistria, 284 Cohen, Eli, 354 Coinsfera, 363 Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO),
12, 106-7, 299, 302 Colombia, 371-3, 376, 378 colour revolutions, 10, 12, 40, 90-92, 305, 322-3, 332 Columbia University, 7 command and communication centres, 116 ‘common European home’, 267 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 66, 303 Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), 8, 24 Concord Management and Consulting, 236 Congo, Republic of, 343 Connec Electronic, 313 conscription, 131, 185, 388, 391-2, 405-6 in, Donbas republics, 233, 240, 387 partial mobilisation (2022), 31, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391 Constanta, Romania, 203 541
INDEX constitutional amendment (2019), 87 Conte, Giuseppe, 271 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 277 Corbyn, Jeremy, 270 corn, 204, 208 Corsun Pogrom (2014), 45 cosmonauts, 187 Cossacks, 185, 187 Council of Europe (COE), 27, 63, 77, 95, 100, 162, 170, 300 Council of Foreign and Defence Policy, 17, 114 Council on Inter-Ethnic Relations, 17, 123 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 COVID-19 pandemic, 6, 7, 120, 205, 269, 314, 336, 343 Crimea Black Sea Fleet in, 14, 48, 200, 220 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94, 97 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 105 electricity supplies, 212, 396 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 36 Georgian War (2008), 48 grain exports and, 207-8, 261 Kerch Bridge, 81-2, 202, 252-3, 393 Kerch Strait Agreement (2003), 81 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 Khanate (1441-1783), 58, 68 Khrushchevs handover (1954), 43 land corridor to, 153 military bases in, 14, 67 Muskovtsvo, publication of (2022), 126 North Crimean Canal, 229, 255 partial mobilisation (2022), 237, 239-40 peace talks (2022), 147 Russian annexation (1783), 58, 68, 102 542 Russian annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66, 317, 323 Russo-Ukrainian War (2022—), 31, 115, 130, 138, 139 Sevastopol drone attack (2022), 259, 261 Sevastopol lease (1997), 14 Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345, 346 teacher training in, 159 Ukrainian airstrikes on (2022), 220 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 228, 229, 390, 391, 393, 409 Ukrainisation, 45 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95—6, 220, 345 Crimean Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345, 346 Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, 121 Croatia, 250, 290 cruise missiles,
16, 67, 92, 139, 199, 209, 253, 392, 396 cryptocurrencies, 321, 363 Cuba, 45, 51, 71, 318, 366, 372, 373, 374, 377-8 cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 cyber warfare, 83, 131, 274, 280 Cyprus, 51, 217, 268-9 Czech Republic, 127, 164, 165, 175, 176, 249, 267-8, 340 Czechoslovakia, 3, 11-12, 317 D-30 howitzers, 168 Dagalo, Mohamed Hamdan, 368 Dagestan, 239, 240, 243 Dai Houliang, 308 Daily Beast, The, 18 Daly, Clare, 270 Damascus University, 356 Damiba, Paul-Henri Sandaogo, 370 Danilov, Oleksii, 87, 119, 136, 219, 221, 287, 395 Danube River, 203 Dardanelles Strait, 345, 358
INDEX Dariivka Bridge, Kherson, 255 Davydiv Brid, Kherson, 201 Day of National Unity, 245 de-communisation, 125 de-dollarisation, 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347, 363 de-militarisation, 1,4, 114-21, 147, 397, 407 de-nazification, 1, 4, 11, 31, 96, 114, 121-8, 147-9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352, 407 de-occupation law, 77 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170 de-Ukrainisation, 164, 179 Debaltseve, Donetsk, 57, 62, 74, 246 Delimobil, 267 Delyagin, Mikhail, 182, 301 democracy, 9, 23, 24 Demurin, Mikhail, 127 Denisov, Alexei, 125-6 Denisova, Lyudmila, 159 Denmark, 261,271,317 Deripaska, Oleg, 146, 174, 321, 341 deserters, 175 diammonium phosphate, 174 Diaz-Canel, Miguel, 377 dirty bombs, 214 disinformation, 30, 74, 83, 109, 166-74, 405 on Poland, 277 on Ukrainian popular opinion, 130 on war crimes, 140, 166-74 on WMDs, 4, 118-21 Djibouti, 258, 260 Dnieper River, 102, 106, 138, 202, 208, 227, 229, 253, 255 Dnipro, Ukraine, 204 Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine, 15, 33, 56 Dniprovska substation, Zaporizhzhia, 215 Dobkin, Mykhailo, 133 Dobropolye, Donetsk, 168 Dodik, Milorad, 294 Dodon, Igor, 91, 286 Doha Forum, 363 Dolgov, Konstantin, 126, 127 dollar (US), 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347 Donbas, 82 Donbas region Anti-Terrorism Operation (201415), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94-7 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 children, theft of, 164-5 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 33, 36 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 genocide conspiracy, 4, 21, 94, 108, 110, 123, 170, 171, 237, 399 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 humanitarian aid deliveries, 178 Minsk I
Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111, 298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 OSCE in, 163, 170 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republics, see Donetsk People’s Republic; Luhansk Peoples Republic public opinion surveys in, 16 re-education, 159-60, 164 reconstruction (2022), 195-6, 245, 268-9 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251,265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian invasion (2014-22), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34, 45,46-71, 73-8, 323 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 2, 29, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 1, 2, 29, 131-2, 139-^0, 145, 152-7, 185, 186, 187-96 543
INDEX Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 202, 226, 232-3, 250-52, 256-7, 382-90, 393 Ukrainisation, 126 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Zelensky’s peace proposals (2019), 85 Donetsk, Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Battle of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 56-7 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 95-6 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 conscription in, 240, 387 corruption in, 84 fortification of, 382, 386 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 Olenivka Prison massacre (2022), 194-5 OSCE in, 163 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republic, see Donetsk People s Republic populism in, 387 544 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian invasion (2022), 31, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 131-2, 139, 152-7, 192-6 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Sviatohirsk Lavra monastery, 194 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 226, 229, 233, 250, 257, 382-5, 386 Uhledar heating plant, 236 Wagner Group in, 192, 237 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Donetsk Peoples Republic, 1, 3-4, 15, 16, 17, 53-62, 73-8 anti-tank systems, 15 Battle
of Avdiivka (2017), 75 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Debaltseve (2014-15), 57, 62 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2014), 56-7 Battle of Donetsk Airport (2022), 233 Battle of Ilovaisk (2014), 55 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 95-6 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 chemical weapons allegations, 118 coal exports, 101 conscription in, 240, 387 establishment (2014), 53, 54 fortification of, 382, 386 human rights record, 84 Japan, relations with, 336 Malaysia Airlines shoot-down (2014), 56 militias, 21, 34, 53-6, 59, 66, 75, 78, 95, 132
INDEX Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Olenivka Prison massacre (2022), 194-5 OSCE in, 163 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 popular support, 16 populism in, 387 propaganda, 84 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian recognition (2022), 1, 17, 110-12, 148, 283,300, 303, 332-3, 349, 356, 378 Russian invasion (2022), 31, 74, 114 Russian offensive (2022), 131-2, 139, 152-7, 192-6 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 totalitarianism, 75 Treaty of Friendship (2022), 4 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 226, 229, 233, 250, 257, 382-5, 386 Wagner Group in, 192, 237 war crimes in, 157-8, 193-6 Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic (1918), 103 Donuzlav Bay, Crimea, 67 Douma, Syria, 168 Dozhd, 20, 289 Dragas, Orhan, 291, 293 Droa Party (Georgia), 287 Drobyshevo, Donetsk, 250 drones, 15, 95, 109, 129, 134, 135, 154, 155, 156, 213, 388, 389, 398 Engels-2 airbase attack (2022), 388-9 Iranian supply of, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 355, 396, 398 Sevastopol attack, 259, 261 Turkish supply of, 134, 156, 301, 346 Drozdenko, Dmitry, 179 drug use, 122, 136, 235, 236 DTEK, 102 dual command, 193 Dubai, UAE, 363, 366, 368 Dubcek, Alexander, 11 Dubey, Sneha, 319 Dubovyk, Volodymyr, 100, 139 Dudchak, Alexander, 259 Dugin, Alexander, 20-21, 27, 40, 61, 64, 173, 185, 188, 200, 221, 256, 377 Dugina, Darya, 188, 221-3, 229, 291 dumb bombs, 155, 199 Duncan, Peter, 9 Dupuy,
Emmanuel, 107 Duque, Ivan, 372 Duterte, Rodrigo, 70, 332 Dvinsky, Konstantin, 142 Dvorkovich, Arkady, 184 Dvornikov, Alexander, 154, 189-91, 193 Dyagilevo airbase, Ryazan, 388 Dzhabarov, Vladimir, 220, 222, 293 Dzhelyal, Nariman, 345 Dzhokhar Dudayev Volunteer Battalion, 132 East China Sea, 307 East Germany (1949-90), 11 Eastern Economic Forum, 258, 267, 306, 309, 335 Eastern Military District, 135, 160, 253 Eastern Partnership, 38 economic coercion, 13, 37 Economist, The, 392 Ecuador, 374 education, 159-60, 164, 247 545
INDEX Egypt, 28, 70, 205, 209, 213, 260, 309, 355, 363, 367 Eichmann, Adolf, 123 El Dabaa nuclear reactor, Egypt, 367 electrical infrastructure, 83, 106, 211-12, 215, 254, 396-400 emigration, 20, 243, 244, 288-9, 293, 300 Energoatom, 214, 262 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 Enerhodar, Zaporizhzhia, 210-16 Engels-2 airbase, Saratov, 388-9, 404 Erdogan, Recep Tayyip, 260, 269, 326, 345, 347, 359 Eritrea, 28, 365 Essence of Time, 40 Estonia, 81, 165, 221-2, 249, 273-4, 279, 349, 350, 391 Ethiopia, 28, 258, 343 Etorofu Island, 337 Etzion, Eran, 351 Eurasia Analytical Club, 112 Eurasian Customs Union, 33, 36, 37, 38 Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), 13, 27, 66-7, 266, 302, 321, 331, 337 Eurasianism, 27, 149, 173, 221 Euro-Maidan revolution (2014), 7, 8, 30, 33-42, 49, 59, 79, 88, 90, 124, 136, 161 Eurobonds, 38 European Convention on Human Rights, 162 European Parliament, 267, 270, 403 European Solidarity, 101 European Union (EU), 19, 32 Belarus protests crisis (2020), 91 Belarus migration crisis (2021), 99 Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 207 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108 546 Crimea crisis (2014), 46, 49, 50 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95, 96 cyber warfare, 131 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 54, 63, 76, 78 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 GCC, relations with, 360 Georgia, relations with, 287, 288 Iran, relations with, 328, 329 Kazakhstan, relations with, 67, 303 military aid, 116 Moldova, relations with, 284 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 oil embargo (2022), 176,
262, 326 Poland, relations with, 276 populist movements in, 64, 266-73 sanctions, imposition of, see European Union sanctions Serbia, relations with, 291, 293 Ukraine, relations with, see European Union-Ukraine relations Ukraine War (2022-), 140-41, 161 Wagner Group, relations with, 403 war crimes, investigation of, 161 European Union sanctions, 50, 63, 140-41, 174-6, 182,217,283 agricultural sector exemptions, 207 Belarus and, 91 coal embargo, 174 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 oil embargo, 176, 326, 401 Patriarch Kirill and, 279 populist movements and, 266-9 road transit sanctions, 309 European Union-Ukraine relations, 6, 13, 37-42 association agreement, 14, 33, 38, 40, 41, 49, 79 constitutional amendment (2019), 87
INDEX Medvedchuk arrest (2021), 100 membership prospects, 6, 13, 35, 58, 86, 87, 147 public opinion and, 6 European University, St. Petersburg, 125 Evstafiev, Dmitry, 108, 208 Exercise Pitch Black, 310 F-15 jets, 390 F-16 jets, 390 F-35 jets, 274 Facebook, 282 Faki Mahamat, Moussa, 366 Falklands War (1982), 375 false flag tactics, 109, 140 Faria, Carlos, 344 al-Farraj, Ahmad, 362 fascism, 25, 26 Fascist Italy (1922-45), 26 Fateh-110 missile systems, 328 Fatemiyoun militias, 359 Federal News Agency, 370 Federation Council, 44, 79, 248 Fedorchuk, Anatoly, 160, 166 Fedorov, Andrey, 398 Fedorov, Ivan, 207 Fedorov, Yevgeny, 389 Fennovoima, 279 Fernandez, Alberto, 374 fertiliser, 174, 207, 208, 259, 260, 319, 372, 376, 408 Fidesz, 272 ‘fifth column’, 144, 145, 152, 406 Fillon, François, 267 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 Financial Action Task Force (FATF), 348 Finland, 27, 185, 243, 266-7, 278-80, 318, 394 fire strikes, 16 First Czech Russian Bank, 64 Fomin, Alexander, 328, 335 Fontanka, 131 food insecurity, 174, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319-20, 355, 361, 368 ‘For a World Without Nazism’ concert (2022), 145 Foreign Policy, 84 fortifications, 257, 382, 386, 391, 394 Forza Italia Party, 268 FOX News, 269 France Black Sea blockade (2022), 207 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 98 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 107 China, relations with, 315 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 50-51 Donbas War (2014-22), 57, 76 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 38 Mali, relations with, 369, 370 military aid, 177, 391 National Front, 64, 270 Operation Barkhane (2014-22), 369 presidential
elections (2022), 269, 270 Revolution (1789-99), 41 sanctions, imposition of, 50, 140—41,271 Sytii assassination attempt (2022), 403 Ukraine invasion (2022-), 140-41, 372 war crimes, response to, 161, 166 weaponry, supply of, 177, 391 Francis, Pope, 376 Free Buryatia Foundation 239 free markets, 9 Freedom Square demonstrations (2022), 159 French Revolution (1789-99), 41 Frye, Timothy, 7, 19 FSB (Federal’naya sluzhba bezopasnosti), 22, 48, 53, 96, 104, 106, 547
INDEX 133, 135, 203, 221, 247, 295, 299, 339 Fukuyama, Francis, 26 Future is History, The (Gessen), 25 G7 nations, 175, 198, 218, 319, 336 G8 nations, 46 G20 nations, 162, 163, 344 al-Gaddafi, Muammar, 12, 164 Gagauzia, Moldova, 285 Gaidar Forum, 143 Gaisina, Irina, 346 Galibarenko, Natalia, 48 Galicia, 14, 103, 127 Ganchev, Vitaly, 231, 246 Gantz, Benjamin, 350, 351 Gargash, Anwar, 360 Garibashvili, Irakli, 286-7, 289 Garmazhapova, Alexandra, 239 gas, see natural gas Gatilov, Gennady, 121, 170 Gauland, Alexander, 64 Gazprom, 13, 68, 112, 141, 216, 267, 272, 282, 283, 286, 293, 364 Gazprombank, 63, 112, 141, 184, 347, 367 Gdansk, Poland, 203 Geneva Summit (2021), 98-9 genocide, 157, 158, 161, 164, 165, 231 cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 Donbas conspiracy theories, 4, 21, 94, 108, 110, 123, 170, 171,237, 399 Georgia, 14, 286-9 Abkhazia, 107, 111, 287, 288, 303, 323 biological weapons accusations, 121 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 265 emigration to, 20, 243, 244, 288-9 Nazism narrative and, 173 Rose Revolution (2003), 10, 12 Russian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59,61,64, 67, 111,287, 288, 323-4, 349 548 South Ossetia, 3, 66, 111, 287, 288, 289, 303, 323 Georgian Legion, 287-8 Georgy Kurbatov, 137 Gepard anti-aircraft systems, 177, 197 Gerasimov, Valery, 117, 130, 232, 251,252, 254, 383,392, 395 Germany Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD), 64, 270-71 biological weapons accusations, 121 Black Sea blockade (2022), 207 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 98 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 107-8 China, relations with, 315 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 50 Donbas
Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 57, 76 energy crisis (2022-3), 176, 182, 217,218-19 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 38 Kazakhstan, relations with, 299 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 hot peace period (2021), 98 military aid, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391, 398 NATO accession and, 5 natural gas dependency, 176, 182, 274 Nazi period (1933-45), see Nazi Germany sanctions, imposition of, 50, 140-41, 267, 275-6 Ukraine War (2022-), 140 war crimes, investigation of, 161 weaponry, supply of, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391 Gessen, Masha, 25 Ghana, 366, 370 Gigin, Vadim, 244
INDEX Girkin, Igor, 252, 404 criticism of war, 184-5, 191, 198, 229, 233, 252, 395 Donbas War (2014-22), 53, 54, 61 fortifications, views on, 386 mobilisation, views on, 185, 238, 244 Russian National Movement, 76 Ukraine invasion (2022), 115 Gladstone, Queensland, 341 Glazunov, Oleg, 316 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Glazyev, Sergey, 22, 29, 35, 37, 46, 47, 59, 137, 223 Global Criminal Justice, 158 Global South, 28, 30, 68-71, 312, 330, 343-79 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 46,51 food insecurity, 174, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319-20, 355, 361, 368 Global Times, 311 GLONASS systems, 376 Goebbels, Joseph, 167 Gogol, Nikolai, 103 Goïta, Assimi, 369 gold, 368, 369 Golovchenko, Roman, 297 Gomulka, Wladyslaw, 11 Goncharenko, Oleksiy, 165 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 40, 73, 92, 223, 253 Gorbenko, Vladimir, 81 Gordile, CAR, 369 Gosar, Paul, 270 Gossi, Mali, 370 Gotland, Sweden, 280-81 Gouend, Louis, 368 Grad MLRS launchers, 215 grain exports, 31, 174, 200, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 319 smuggling, 207-9, 217, 348-9, 356, 368 UN-brokered deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 343, 365, 404, 408 Great Patriotic War (1941-5), 122, 123, 125, 299 see also World War II great power status, 2, 8, 10, 29, 30, 32, 71, 265, 305, 344 Greece, 64, 198, 268, 282, 348 Green Movement (2009), 328 Greene, Marjorie Taylor, 270 Grey Zone, 302, 404 Griffith, Thomas, 397 Grigoriopol, Transnistria, 284 Griner, Brittney, 360, 409 Grosberg, Margo, 391 Grossi, Rafael, 214-15 Grozny, Chechnya, 135, 150, 158, 239, 242 GRU (Glavnoye Razvedyvatelnoye Upravlenie), 106, 291 Gryzlov, Boris, 149 Guaido, Juan, 379 Guardian, The,
25, 326 Guatemala, 373 Gubareva, Ekaterina, 246 Gubin, Maxim, 231 Gudkov, Gennady, 52 Gudkov, Lev, 25 Guinea, 366 Gukovo, Luhansk, 163 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), 360-64 Gulf monarchies, 344, 356, 360-65 Gulf War First (1990-91), 317, 361, 397 Second (2003-11), 14, 35, 63, 311 Gulyai Pole, Zaporizhzhia, 227 GUR, see Main Directorate of Intelligence Gurulyov, Andrei, 191, 201, 220, 251, 254, 278, 393, 397, 406, 408 Guterres, Antonio, 170, 212, 260, 376 gypsum, 384 549
INDEX Habeck, Robert, 181, 217, 271, 361 Haftar, Khalifa, 369 Haidai, Serhiy, 188, 189, 257 Haiti, 374 Hama, Syria, 358 Hamas, 354 Haniyeh, Ismail, 354 Haradinaj, Meliza, 294 Hardatnin, Aleppo, 359 hardliners, 148, 184, 185-6, 256, 259, 263, 382, 402-9 HARM anti-radiation missiles, 388 Harpoon anti-ship missiles, 139, 177 Hashimoto, Ryutaro, 336 Hassan Khannenje, 368 Hawkei armoured vehicles, 341 Heappey, James, 181,219 hegemony, 12-17 Heihe-Blagoveshchensk Bridge, 309 Helsinki Final Act (1975), 163 Henichesk, Kherson, 255, 387 Hero of Russia Award, 251, 254 Herzog, Michael, 353 Hezbollah, 358, 359, 365 Higashino, Atsuko, 336 Higher School of Economics, Moscow, 50 HIMARS (High Mobility Artillery Rocket System), 192, 193, 195, 202, 227, 229, 387, 390 Hiroshima, atomic bombing of (1945), 93 historical revisionism, 20-21, 73, 102-4, 149, 159, 277 Hitler, Adolf, 83, 128, 158, 223, 353 Hodge, Margaret, 302 Hodges, Frederick Benjamin ‘Ben’, 228 Hollande, François, 57, 407 Holmogor Talks, 232 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 homosexuality, see LGBT+ people Hong Kong, 92, 307 550 HORN International Institute, 368 ‘Horst Wessel Song’, 125 Hostomel, Kyiv, 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 hot peace period (2021), 97-105 Houthis, 361, 362, 363 howitzers, 117, 168, 177, 190, 230, 251, 274 Hristov, Rosen, 283 Hryshchuk, Roman, 138 Hu Wei, 315-16 Hu Xijin, 316 Hua Chunying, 306-7, 314 Huawei, 313 Human Rights Council (Russia), 43 Human Rights Watch, 159 humanitarian crisis, 4, 21, 109, 138, 156, 320, 329, 364, 372 aid, 136, 172, 187, 189, 204, 294, 301, 303, 315, 335,
346, 349, 361 corridors, 139, 146-7, 158, 200 Humeniuk, Natalia, 226, 228 Hun Manith, 332 Hun Sen, 332 Hungary, 11, 37, 141, 176, 198, 265, 271-3, 284, 293, 317, 408 Huo Zhengxin, 312 Hurricane missiles, 199 hybrid totalitarianism, 25 hybrid war, 27, 31, 59, 129, 152, 174-83, 400 hypersonic weapons, 15, 16, 199, 310, 393, 408-9 lampolski, Mikhail, 26 Idlib, Syria, 158, 356, 357 IKEA, 142 Ikhlov, Yevgeny, 26 11-20 jet shoot-down (2018), 351 11-78 tankers, 388 Ilovaisk, Ukraine, 55 Ilves, Toomas Hendrik, 274 Ilyin, Ivan, 26-7
INDEX Independents 4 Change Party, 270 India, 27, 28, 32, 51, 69-70, 213, 316, 317-22 arms trade, 319 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 167,318 China, relations with, 322 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 46, 51, 317 de-dollarisation, 320-21 financial messaging systems and, 29, 321 grain exports crisis (2022), 319-20 Iran, relations with, 69, 317, 321 Kashmir dispute, 69, 317 oil deals, 318-19, 321 Samarkand summit (2022), 305-6 sanctions, views on, 69, 317 UAE, relations with, 363 US, relations with, 322 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 Indo-Pacific region, 29, 32, 69-70, 306, 312, 330, 336-42 Indonesia, 28, 306, 330, 331 inflation, 400 infrastructure attacks, 83, 106, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 Inhulets River, 229, 232, 255 Inozemtsev, Vladimir, 143, 316 Institute of International Finance (IIF), 141 Institute of the Far East, 320 Institute of the Study of War (ISW), 189, 384 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (1987), 92-3 International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), 211, 214-16, 408 International Court of Justice (ICJ), 3 International Court of Justice, 354 International Criminal Court (ICC), 161-2 International Democracy Institute, 38 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 182,374 International Renaissance Foundation, 48 Interpol, 162 Investigative Committee, 120 Iran, 28, 29, 32, 41, 305, 322-9 coup d’état (1953), 42 Crimea annexation crisis (2014), 323 de-dollarisation, 325, 363 de-escalation, 324 Donbas war (2014-22), 323 drones, supply of, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 396, 398 GCC, relations with, 362, 363 Georgian War (2008), 323-4 Green Movement (2009), 328
India, relations with, 69, 317, 321 Iraq, relations with, 364-5 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015), 70, 321, 324, 325-6, 328-9,362 oil industry, 208 sanctions on, 69, 208, 324-5, 327-8 Syria, relations with, 70, 324, 329, 357, 358-9, 364 United States, relations with, 3223, 324 Yemen War (2014-), 70 weaponry, supply of, 326 Iraq, 69, 99, 260, 355, 364-5 Gulf War I (1990-91), 317, 361, 397 Gulf War II (2003-11), 14, 35, 63, 311 Iran, relations with, 364-5 Ireland, 165, 217, 270 IRIS-T, 254 Iron Dome, 350 Irpin, Kyiv, 134, 168 isbank, 348 Ishchenko, Rostislav, 127 Ishchenko, Sergey, 284 551
INDEX ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), 83, 157, 222, 336 Iskander missiles, 16, 67, 168, 199, 297, 377, 393 Islamophobia, 329 ISNA News Agency, 323 Israel, 70, 148, 328, 344, 349-55, 403 Istanbul, Turkey, 146, 346-7 Peace Talks (2022), 146-50 Isthmus of Perekop, 43 Italy, 26, 50, 141, 148, 268, 270 Ivanov, Sergei, 22 Izvestia, 15, 170, 181 Izyum, Kharkiv, 154, 189, 225, 230-31 Jackson-Vanik Amendment (1974), 50 Jacob, Happymon, 321, 322 Jaishankar, Subrahmanyam, 318 Jammu and Kashmir, 69, 317 Japan, 32, 46, 63, 306, 315, 316, 336 Javelin anti-tank missiles, 83, 116, 135, 274 Jawaharlal Nehru University, 317 al-Jazirah, 362 Jeans Revolution (2006), 39 Jewish people anti-Semitism, 127, 352 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352-3 JiaJiashing, 312 Jimmer, Leo, 289 jingoism, 15, 110, 128, 145 Johnson, Alexander Boris, 165, 177, 198, 361 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), 70, 321, 324, 325-6, 328-9,362 Joko Widodo, 331 Jordan, 355, 364 Just Russia, 222 Kabulov, Zamir, 336 552 Kaczynski, Lech, 276 Kâdâr, Jânos, 11 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 23, 132, 135-6, 184, 251, 405 Donbas Republics, recognition of, 111 Kharkiv, liberation of (2022), 231 Kyiv strikes (2022), 254 Luhansk victory declaration, 187 Lyman, liberation of (2022), 251 Mariupol reconstruction, 196 Musaeva kidnapping, 132 nuclear threats, 263 peace talks, 149 Peskov, relationship with, 145 partial mobilisation, 237-8, 239, 242 phase two announcement, 154 Prada gaffe, 132 total mobilisation, 405 Ukraine invasion, 132, 135-6 Kadyrovtsy, 132, 135-6, 156, 161, 195, 207 Kainerugaba, Muhoozi, 365 Kakar, Harsha, 319
Kalabukhov, Igor, 294 Kalashnikov, Leonid, 62 Kalibr missiles, 16, 67, 92, 199, 209, 393, 396 Kalin, Ibrahim, 345 Kaliningrad, Russia, 67, 105, 275, 280, 287 Kalinouski, Kastus, 296 Kalymkov, Pavel, 249 Kamaz, 193 Kamianets-Dniprovska, Zaporizhzhia, 247 Kanev, Radan, 282 Kara-Murza, Vladimir, 20 Karaganov, Sergei, 49, 65, 121, 125, 173,278,315 Karamalikov, Ilya, 202 Karasu, Turkey, 349 Karbovski, Martin, 282
INDEX Karcic, Harun, 294 Karimi, Mohsen, 324 Kartapalov, Andrey, 241, 234 Kashan airbase, Iran, 326 Kashin, Vassily, 16, 153, 229, 310 Kashmir, 69, 317 Kaspersky, 83 Kasyanov, Mikhail, 24 Kavaleuski, Valery, 296 Kayhan, 323-4, 327 Kazakhstan, 7, 12, 28, 37, 66-7, 1067, 190, 244, 265, 299, 302-4, 348-9 Kazakov, Vladimir, 310 Kelin, Andrei, 117 Kemerovo, Russia, 237 Kemoklidze, Kakhaber, 287 Kenya, 366-7 Keosayan, Tigran, 303 Kerch Strait, 137 Agreement (2003), 81 Bridge, 81-2, 202, 252-3 crisis (2018), 81-3 KGB (Kamitet dziarzaunaj biaspieki), 90,91 Kh-101 cruise missiles, 16, 396 Kh-22 anti-ship missiles, 199 Kh-31D missiles, 200 Khabarovsk, Russia, 245-6 Khamenei, Ali, 322-3 Khan, Imran, 329-30 Khan, Karim, 161-2 Kharichev, Alexander, 246 Kharkiv, Ukraine, 1, 15, 31, 33, 47 biological weapons conspiracies and, 120 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 liberation (2022), 192 minefields in, 206 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 peace negotiations (2022), 146 Peoples Republic, plans for, 133 Russian invasion (2014), 53, 56, 58 Russian invasion (2022), 105, 133, 153, 154, 246 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246, 365, 381 Zelensky’s visit (2022), 225 Kharkiv Physical Technical Institute, 119 Khasavyurt, Dagestan, 243 Khasavyurt Accord (1996), 150 Kherson, Ukraine, 2, 31 Antonovskiy Bridge, 138, 202 Arabat Spit, 43 Chornobaivka attacks (2022), 200 civilian infrastructure strikes, 400 Freedom Square demonstrations (2022), 159 grain production, 207 Nova Kakhovka dam, 202 occupation administration, 159 Russian annexation (2022),
226, 245, 246, 247, 265, 290, 292, 333, 362, 372 Russian citizenship in, 202-3, 245 Russian offensive (2022), 43, 130, 138, 139 Russian withdrawal (2022), 257, 381, 382-3, 386-7, 390, 395, 404, 405,406 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 198-9, 201-3, 226-30, 232, 255-7, 286 Khmeimim airbase, Syria, 356, 357 Khodaryonok, Mikhail, 185-6, 241, 377 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 7, 10, 52, 179 Kholmogorov, Egor, 44 Kholodny Yar Brigade, 384 Khomchak, Ruslan, 94 Khoshtaria, Elene, 287 Khrenin, Viktor, 110 Khrushchev, Nikita, 11, 43, 103, 126, 317 Khubezov, Dmitry, 242 Khurvateli, Georgia, 288 553
INDEX Khusnullin, Marat, 195-6 Kievan Rus (882-1240), 159 Kildibekov, Yegor, 170 kill lists, 278 Kim, Vitaly, 202 Kimani, Martin, 366-7 kinetic activity, 228 King Pai Technology, 313 Kingdom Holding, 364 Kinzhal hypersonic missiles, 16, 199 Kirby, John, 402 Kireyev, Denis, 146 Kirill, Patriarch of Moscow, 41, 80-81, 179, 242, 404-5 Kiriyenko, Sergei, 93, 245-6 Kirov, Russia, 235 Kirshteins, Alexander, 275 Kis-Kis, 20, 183 Kiselyov, Dmitry, 110, 128, 223 Kiselyov, Vitaly, 385 Kishida, Fumio, 336, 338, 339 Kiva, Ilya, 171 Klimov, Andrei, 348 Klishas, Andrei, 406 Klitschko, Vitali, 398 Kneissl, Karin, 267 Kniazhytskyi, Mykola, 314 Knutov, Yuri, 269, 389 Kobets, Oleksandr, 159 Kofman, Michael, 106 Koktysh, Kirill, 92, 140 Kola Peninsula, Russia, 394 Kolaei, Elahe, 324 Kolesnikov, Andrei, 25, 26 Kolker, Dmitry, 310 Kolomoisky, Ihor, 102, 128, 136 Kommersant, 104 Komoyedov, Vladimir, 50 Konashenkov, Igor, 119, 120 Konstantinov, Vladimir, 100, 126, 159 Korets tugboat, 82 Koronelli, Viktor, 376 Korotchenko, Igor, 222, 280-81, 334, 399 554 Kortunov, Andrei, 148, 184, 186 Kosachev, Konstantin, 79, 170 Koshel, Alexey, 247 Kosovo, 5-6, 22, 292, 293-1, 303, 397 Kostiantynivka, Donetsk, 168 Kostyukov, Oleh, 262 Kosyrev, Dmitry, 60 Kots, Alexander, 232, 250, 255, 389 Kovacs, Zoltan, 273 Kozak, Taras, 84, 88 Kozenko, Andrei, 45 Kozhanov, Nikolay, 327 Kozhevin, Igor, 269 Kozloduy, Bulgaria, 282 Kozyrev, Andrei, 145 Kramatorsk, Donetsk, 54, 185, 192, 257 railway station attack (2022), 158, 166, 168-9, 177 retaliatory attack (2023), 388 Kramp-Karrenbauer, Annegret, 97 Krasheninnikova,
Veronika, 115 Krasnodar, 137 Krasnodar, Russia, 256 Krasnoyarsk, Russia, 208, 235 Kravchuk, Leonid, 78, 81, 95 Kremenchuk shopping mall attack (2022), 201 Kreminna, Luhansk, 156, 250, 390, 393 Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 84, 133 Kuban, Russia, 96 Kuchma, Leonid, 6, 13-14, 56, 60 Kudrin, Alexei, 63, 142, 338 Kuleba, Dmytro, 77, 95-6, 161-3, 214, 219, 323, 337, 355, 361, 367, 390-91 Kumyks, 243 Kupiansk, Kharkiv, 231, 232 Kurakhovo, Donetsk, 185 Kurds, 357, 358, 359, 365 Kurgan, Russia, 234 Kurginyan, Sergei, 40, 61
INDEX Kuril Islands, 287, 337-8 Kurilkin, Timur, 124 Kursk, Russia, 185, 237, 256 Kuwait, 317, 360, 361 Kuzbass region, Siberia, 131 Kuzmin, Renat, 102 Kyiv, Ukraine Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 biological research facilities, 120 civilian infrastructure strikes, 396 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 36 peace negotiations (2022), 146 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 2, 30, 113, 130, 133-7, 153, 154, 296, 381 Russian strikes (2022), 254 second offensive prospects, 392, 393 Steinmeiers visit (2022), 267 war crimes in, 157, 160-62, 165, 166-8, 171, 183 World War II memorials, 151 Kyiv Telegraph, 127 Kyrgyzstan, 10, 28, 40, 66, 92, 107, 265, 302, 303-4, 306 Kyselivka, Kherson, 232 Kyslycsya, Sergiy, 113, 163, 164, 212, 373 Kyva, Ilya, 133 Laanet, Kalle, 273 Labour Party (UK), 270, 302 Ladakh, 322 Lambrecht, Christine, 285 Landau, Lev, 119 Landsbergis, Gabrielius, 209, 273, 275 Laos, 330, 332 Lapid, Yair, 349, 350-51, 352, 353, 354 Lapin, Alexander, 193, 251, 395 Lars checkpoint, 244 Latin America, 344, 371-9 Latvia, 128, 165, 249, 274-5, 350, 396 Lavrentiyev, Alexander, 351 Lavrov, Sergei anti-Semitism, 353-4 Arab League meeting (2022), 355 ASEAN summit (2022), 29, 330, 344 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 110 civilian infrastructure strikes, views on,397 Crimea annexation (2014), 49 demilitarisation, views on, 407 Donbas invasion (2014), 55 Global South, relations with, 343-4 India, relations with, 320 Iran, relations with, 324, 325 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82-3 Latin America, relations with, 344, 372 Moldova, relations with, 285 Myanmar, relations with, 335, 344 NATO expansion,
views on, 5, 6 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 nuclear threat, views on, 181 ‘phase two’ announcement (2022), 153 Red Cross, relations with, 162 Russophobia, views on, 178 sanctions, views on, 17 Serbia, relations with, 291 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukraine invasion (2022), 3 Vietnam, relations with, 344 West, relations with, 27 Zhibek Zholy seizure (2022), 349 Lazarenko, Pavel, 13 Le Maire, Bruno, 140-41 Le Pen, Marine, 64, 270 Leaders of Russia competition, 246 League of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, 103 Lebanon, 205, 208, 210, 267, 365 Lebed, Alexander, 21 555
INDEX Lecornu, Sebastian, 263 Lee Jae-Myung, 339-40 Leffler Center, 121 Lega Nord, 270 Lenin, Vladimir, 41, 73, 103 Leonkov, Alexey, 279 Leontyev, Mikhail, 40 Leopard tanks, 177, 391 Levada Center, 15, 18, 61 Levin, Yariv, 352 LGBT+ people, 26, 39, 42, 52 Li Zhiwei, 311 Liberal Democratic Party (Russia), 21,23 liberals (Russia), 7, 10, 20, 26, 52, 61, 114, 142-6, 183-6, 241-2, 382 emigration, 20, 288, 300, 346-7 protests, 19, 20, 52-3, 144-5, 183, 241-2, 382 Libya, 12,29,164,205, 311, 366, 3689 Likhachev, Vasily, 62 Likud Party, 352 Linkevicius, Linas, 276 Lithuania, 91, 99, 165, 179, 209, 249, 274-6, 281, 295, 350 Litovkin, Viktor, 119 Logistics Ltd., 313 logistics, 31, 60, 133 Lomonosov, Mikhail, 277 looting, 202, 208, 236 Lopez Obrador, Andrés Manuel, 376 Lozansky, Edward, 119 Lugar Center, 121 Luhansk, Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (2014-15), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 conscription in, 233, 240, 387 556 corruption in, 84 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Normandy format talks (2019), 86 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 OSCE in, 170 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 peace talks (2022), 147, 148 Peoples Republic, see Luhansk Peoples Republic populism in, 387 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365,372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian
invasion (2022), 74, 114, 117 Russian offensive (2022), 31, 131-2, 140, 152-7 Russian victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 232-3, 257, 390, 393 Wagner Group in, 156, 192, 237, 257 Luhansk Peoples Republic, 1, 3-4, 15, 16, 17, 53-62, 73-8 anti-tank systems, 15 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 109 coal exports, 101 conscription in, 233, 240, 387 establishment (2014), 53, 54 fortification of, 257, 382, 386 human rights record, 84 Japan, relations with, 336
INDEX militias, 21, 34, 53-6, 59, 66, 75, 78, 95, 132, 169, 191 Minsk I Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86-7, 97, 104-5, 109, 111,298, 407 Nazism conspiracy theories, 123-4 OSCE in, 170 populism in, 387 public opinion on, 16 reconstruction (2022), 245 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 244-9, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian citizenship in, 86-7 Russian recognition (2022), 1,17, 110-12, 148, 283,300, 303, 332-3, 349, 356, 378 Russian victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Russian invasion (2022), 74, 114, 117 Russian offensive (2022), 31, 131-2, 140, 152-7 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 totalitarianism, 75 Treaty of Friendship (2022), 4 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 232-3, 251,257,390,393 Wagner Group in, 156, 192, 237, 257 Lukashenko, Alexander, 7, 28, 85, 89-90, 127, 295-8, 299 Lukoil, 266, 267, 348, 364 Lukyantsev, Grigory, 125 Lula da Silva, Luiz Inacio, 375 Lungescu, Oana, 259 Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow, 40, 145 Lviv, Ukraine, 33, 84, 128, 161, 396, 408 Lyamin, Yury, 377 Lyman, Donetsk, 109, 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Lysychansk, Luhansk, 140, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 232-3,251,257 Ml channel (Hungary), 272 M270 rocket artillery systems, 197 Macron, Emmanuel, 85, 107, 108, 166, 176, 207, 269, 323, 391 Maduro, Nicolas, 377, 378, 379 Magnitsky Act (2012), 50 Mahathir Mohamad, 331 Mahjoub, Khaled, 369 Main Directorate of Intelligence (GUR), 196, 199,211,246, 253, 296 Makeeva, Olga, 333 Makeiev, Oleksii, 217 Makhachkala, Dagestan, 243 Makiivka, Donetsk, 249, 387, 388 Malaek, Hossein, 323 Malawi, 408 Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
shoot down (2014), 56, 331 Malaysia, 330, 331-2 Mali, 29, 369-70 al-Maliki, Nouri, 365 Malofeev, Konstantin, 64 Malorossiya, 102-3 Malta, 217 malware attacks (2022), 131 Manbij, Syria, 359 MANPADS, 340 Mansour bin Zayed, Sheikh, 363-4 March for Peace (2014), 52 Marchenko, Oksana, 89 Marcos, Ferdinand ‘Bongbong’, 332 Mardan, Sergey, 277-8 Marder tanks, 177, 391 Marhanets, Dnipropetrovsk, 210 Marian, Syria, 357 Marin, Sanna, 278-9 Mariupol, Donetsk Azov Battalion in, 124, 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221, 269, 282 disinformation and, 172 557
INDEX evacuation of civilians (2022), 147 filtration camps, 158 as ‘garrison city’, 387 humanitarian corridors, 146 indiscriminate violence in, 166 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Nazi occupation (1941-3), 158 maternity clinic bombing (2022), 268-9 occupation administration (2022-), 160, 195-6 reconstruction (2022), 195-6, 245, 268-9 Russian offensive (2014-22), 15, 54, 55, 56, 84 Russian offensive (2022), 2, 31, 124, 139-40, 146, 153, 155, 158, 172, 190, 256, 272 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 202 theatre airstrike (2022), 124, 140 Markov, Sergei, 244, 256-7, 283, 328, 370, 399, 405 Marran, Mikk, 273 martial law, 406 Martynov, Alexey, 406 Martynov, Danylo, 135 Marzhetsky, Sergey, 139 Mashreqbank, 364 Maslov, Alexey, 340 Maslov, Andrey, 371 Maslovka, Ukraine, 105 Mastercard, 313 Masyaf, Syria, 358 Matsegora, Alexander, 333 Matveev, Ilya, 183, 347 Matviyenko, Valentina, 182, 241 Maxar satellite, 160 maximalism, 23, 58, 147, 386 May, Theresa, 85 Mayak, Transnistria, 284 McDonalds, 142 Mearsheimer, John, 5 measles, 120 558 Medinsky, Vladimir, 147-50 Mediterranean Sea, 80, 346, 357 Meduza, 239 Medvedchuk, Viktor, 46, 49, 56, 78, 84-5, 89, 136 arrest (2021), 100-101,136,17071 citizenship, stripping of (2022), 385 prisoner exchange (2022), 360, 404 Medvedev, Dmitry China, relations with, 316 denazification, views on, 104, 173 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 111 Eurasianism, 173 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 35 Finland, relations with, 280 food, weaponisation of, 206 Georgian War (2008), 39, 111 Germany, views on, 219 Gorbachevs death (2022), 223 historical
revisionism, 104 Japan, relations with, 337-8 Kazakh protests (2022), 106 martial law, views on, 406 nationalisation, views on, 142 NATO, views on, 408-9 nuclear threats, 181 Poland, relations with, 277 sanctions, views on, 63 sovereign democracy, views on, 24 Sweden, relations with, 280 Ukraine invasion (2022), 130 World War III warnings, 220 Zelensky, relationship with, 85, 104 Meeting Place, 252 Meiering, Ekaterina, 289 Mekdad, Faisal, 351 Melikov, Sergei, 243 Melitopol, Zaporizhzhia, 130, 138-9, 169, 202, 207, 245, 386, 387, 394 Melnychuk, Serhiy, 78-9
INDEX Meloni, Giorgia, 268 Memorial, 19 Mendkovich, Nikita, 112 Mercosur, 29, 372 Merkel, Angela, 57, 82, 85, 407 Meroe Gold, 368 Meshkov, Vladimir, 147 Meta, 20, 144 Mexico, 71,260, 372, 374, 376, 377 Mezhevich, Nikolay, 275 MGM-140B missiles, 227 Mi-17 helicopters, 116, 319, 332 Mi-28 helicopters, 117 Mi-29 jets, 282, 334 Mi-35M helicopters, 370 MI6, 197-8 Michel, Charles, 176 Mickiewicz, Adam, 277 MiG-31 jets, 298 Mikhailov, Valery, 100 Mikheyev, Sergei, 398 MILAN anti-tank missile systems, 116-17 Milanovic, Zoran, 290 military aid to Russia, 392-3 Iran, 28, 323, 324, 326-8, 355, 393, 396 North Korea, 333, 393 military aid to Ukraine, 108, 116-17, 129, 176-7, 196-7 France, 177, 391 Germany, 117, 177, 197, 254, 268, 391, 398 NATO, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 196, 254, 333, 382, 400 Poland, 117, 176, 177, 346 Turkey, 134, 156, 301, 346, 398 United Kingdom, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 United States, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201,390-91,406-7 military modernisation 15, 67 Miller, Alexei, 125, 233-4, 308 Millerovo airbase, Rostov, 219 Milley, Mark, 230, 407 Milonov, Vitaly, 223, 242 Milosevic, Slobodan, 12, 292, 397 Min Aung Hlaing, 306, 335 Minchenko, Evgeny, 93-4 mines, 139, 206 Minnekayev, Rustam, 153 Minski Accords (2014), 56, 57 Minsk II Accords (2015), 34, 57-62, 66, 74-8, 86, 97,104, 109, 111, 298, 407 MIR system, 324, 348 Mira Estate, 363 Mironov, Sergei, 222 Mishustin, Mikhail, 18 missiles, 1, 5, 92, 116, 119, 134, 156, 168-9, 199,212,219, 388 air-to-surface missiles, 200 anti-aircraft missiles, 116, 117, 177, 197 anti-radiation missiles, 388 anti-ship missiles, 139, 156, 177, 199
anti-tank missiles, 83, 116-17, 135, 177, 210, 274, 326, 350 Belarus and, 296, 297 coastal bases, 138 cruise missiles, 16, 67, 92, 139, 199, 209, 253, 392 defence systems, 181, 361 hypersonic missiles, 16, 92, 199, 310, 393 precision tactical missiles, 73, 168-9, 199, 219 rocket launchers, 192, 193, 195, 199, 202, 215, 227, 229 Russian stocks, 68, 143, 199, 227 short-range ballistic missiles (SRBMs), 16, 67, 94, 168, 199, 297, 377, 393 surface-to-air missiles, 334, 389 surface-to-surface missiles, 227, 328 Ukrainian stocks, 168, 199, 227-8 Mistral-class helicopter carriers, 50 559
INDEX Mitrofanova, Eleonora, 281 Mitsubishi, 338 Mitsui, 338 Mizin, Victor, 93, 314 Mizintsev, Mikhail, 118, 172, 175 MKU, 104 MLR systems, 197, 214 mobilisation, 31, 185, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391-2, 405-6 Modi, Narendra, 69, 305-6, 317-18, 320, 376 Mohajer-6 drones, 326-8 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, 42 Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Crown Prince, 360, 361, 362 Mohammed bin Zayed, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, 361 Moldova, 3, 91, 206, 265, 266, 283, 284-6, 396 Moldovagaz, 286 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Monroe Doctrine (1823), 71, 373 Montenegro, 249, 290 Monterey Naval Postgraduate School, 9 Montreux Convention (1936), 345 Moon Jae-in, 339-40 Moore, Richard, 198 Mopti, Mali, 370 Morawiecki, Mateusz, 276, 277 Morocco, 205, 367 Morozov, Oleg, 88, 277 Morrison, Scott, 341 Moscow, Russia, 239, 240, 242, 245 Moscow Calling, 198 Moscow State Institute of International Relations, 53, 140 Moscow State University, 119 Moscow Stock Exchange, 141, 363 Moseichuk, Igor, 58 Moskva, 156-7, 183 mosquito patrol boats, 201 Motoki, Tatsunori, 339 560 Motor Sich, 315 Motyl, Alexander, 84 Moura, Mali, 370 Mozambique, 366 Mugabe, Robert, 70 Mulino, Russia, 235 Muller, Robert, 93 multiple launch rocket air defence, 94 multipolar order, 28-9, 32, 49, 63-71 Munich Security Conference, 118 Murashov, Ihor, 262 Murayev, Yevhen, 84, 136 Murmansk, Russia, 297 Musaeva, Zarema, 132 Museveni, Yoweri, 365-6 Muskovtsvo (Shtepa), 126 Myanmar Alin, 334 Myanmar, 306, 310, 332, 334—5 Mykolaiv, Ukraine, 138-9, 153, 172, 198, 202, 208, 227-8, 230, 246, 315, 400 Nabiullina, Elvira, 142, 249
Naftogaz, 37 Nagasaki, atomic bombing of (1945), 93 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 3, 57, 299, 301 Nagy, Imre, 11 Nakamitsu, Izumi, 121 Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 10, 41, 232, 234 Narochnitskaya, Natalia, 41, 128 Naryshkin, Sergei, 56, 76, 90-91, 111, 119, 277, 362 NASAMS, 197 NASH, 136 Nashi, 40 Naslavcea, Moldova, 286 Natalukha, Dmytro, 58 National Front (France), 64, 270 national restorationist self-image, 9 national self-images, 9 National Wealth Fund, 29
INDEX nationalisation, 142, 406 nationalism, 26, 143-5, 174, 404 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 2, 4-6, 14, 21-2, 31, 32, 117, 273 Article Five, 17 Belarus, relations with, 295 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94, 96 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 105, 107-8 Bucharest Summit (2008), 4 China, relations with, 311-12 Cuba, relations with, 377 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 Finland and, 278-80, 318 grain exports deal (2022), 209, 259 hot peace period (2021), 98 hybrid war, 179-80 Kosovo mission, 293 Latin America, relations with, 373 Sea Breeze exercises, 36 South Africa, relations with, 366 South Korea, relations with, 340 Sweden and, 278-81, 318 Ukraine, relations with, see NATO-Ukraine relations Warsaw Summit (2016), 274 weaponry, supply of, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 254, 333, 382, 400 NATO-Ukraine relations, 4-6, 35-6, 73-4, 78-9, 87-8, 147, 148 command-and-control architecture, 73 counterterrorism, 78 Enhanced Opportunities Partner status, 87-8 formal application (2022), 249-50 joint exercises, 5, 73—4 Membership Action Plan (MAP), 35, 87 membership prospects, 4-6, 14, 22, 35-6, 48, 58, 87-8, 119, 147-8, 340 public opinion and, 6, 148 weaponry, supply of, 1, 154, 176, 191-2, 196 Yanukovych and, 35-6 Zelensky and, 87-8, 119 natural gas, 64, 175, 216-19, 267, 274, 276, 401 Bulgaria and, 281-2 China and, 68, 308 crisis (2005-6), 13, 39 Germany and, 176, 182, 274 Japan and, 337, 338 Moldova and, 286 Morocco and, 367 Naftogaz decision (2013), 37 Nigeria and, 367 Nord Stream 1 pipeline, 216-19, 261,286 Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 17, 64, 98-9, 112, 261,267,
274, 286 Pakistan and, 329 rouble payment demand (2022), 175 Russian-Ukrainian Action Plan (2013), 38 sanctions and, 64, 98-9, 175, 216-19, 267 Saudi Arabia and, 364 South Africa and, 367 Taiwan and, 341 Turkey and, 345, 347 Navalny, Alexei, 19, 20, 21, 39, 40-41, 52, 93, 183, 236, 242, 289, 346, 403 Nayyem, Mustafa, 38, 77 Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 106 Nazi Germany (1933-45), 26, 49, 83, 121-2, 123 Anschluss (1938), 53, 283 Battle ofKursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 collaborators, 42, 103, 125-6 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144 Jewish intelligentsia in, 104 Mariupol occupation (1941-3), 158 561
INDEX Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Nuremberg Trials (1945-6), 163 occultism and, 122 prisoners of war (POWs), 173-4 Nazism conspiracy theories, 4, 11,31, 83, 100, 121-8, 136, 152, 171-4, 399 anti-war movement and, 145 Azov Battalion and, 100, 123, 125, 171 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14) and, 59, 124, 127 Europeanisation and, 96, 172 denazification, 1, 4, 11, 31, 96, 114, 121-8, 147-9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352,407 Donbas War (2022) and, 31, 83, 96, 123-4 Israel and, 353-4 Orange Revolution (2004-5) and, 126 Poroshenko and, 59 Russophobia as, 178 war crimes and, 167 Z symbol and, 144 Zelensky and, 122-3 Ndah, CAR, 369 Nebati, Nureddin, 348, 349 Nebenzia, Vasily, 113, 120, 205-6, 261 Nemtsov, Boris, 39, 41, 52, 69 Neo-Communist self-image, 9 neo-Nazism, see Nazism neoliberalism, 142 Neptune anti-ship missiles, 139, 156 Netanyahu, Benjamin, 352-3, 354-5 Netherlands, 408 New Lines Institute, 165 New START (2011), 93, 181, 409 №u York Times, 369, 385 NewsOne, 84, 88, 136 Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 16, 53, 98 Nicaragua, 45, 51, 71, 112, 249, 372, 374, 377 562 Nicholas II, Emperor of Russia, 233 Nigeria, 310, 367-8 Nikiforova, Viktoria, 182 Nikolov, Alexey, 175 Nikopol, Dnipropetrovsk, 210, 213 Nikulin, Igor, 120 NIS, 293 Nissan, 401 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 119, 235, 236 ‘No to Capitulation!’ protests (2019), 86 no-fly zones, 129, 281 Nobel Peace Prize, 375 Nord Stream 1 pipeline, 216-19, 261, 286 Nord Stream 2 pipeline, 17, 64, 98-9, 112, 261,267, 274, 286 Nord, 81 Norkin, Andrey, 252, 398 Normandy Format, 86, 112 North Caucasus region, 159 North Crimean Canal, 229, 255 North
Korea, 28, 45, 75, 165, 249, 306, 332—4, 339, 340 North Macedonia, 249 North Sea gas, 261 North Thunderbolt, 359 North-South Transit Corridor, 321 Norway, 63, 217, 394 NotPetya virus attack (2017), 83 Nova Kakhovka, Kherson, 138, 202, 229, 255 Novak, Alexander, 218, 249, 261 Novak, Alexander, 401 Novatek, 63, 112 Novaya Gazeta, 20 Novikombank, 141 Novoazovsk, Ukraine, 55 Novodmytrivka, Kherson, 226 Novofedorivka, Crimea, 220 Novorossiya, 58-9, 61, 102, 126 Novorossiysk, Russia, 67, 220, 260, 303, 358
INDEX Novosibirsk, Russia, 234, 246 NTV, 398 nuclear power plants Chernobyl, 134, 211 Zaporizhzhia, 31, 183, 188, 21016, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278 nuclear weapons, 4, 73, 93, 118-19, 167, 256, 280, 299 threats of use, 117, 152, 167, 180-81, 226, 263, 278, 297, 301, 314 Nuland, Victoria, 59, 76, 120, 350, 370, 397 Nuremberg Trials (1945-6), 163 Nuzhin, Evgeny, 403 Obama, Barack, 46 Objektiv, 291 Ochakiv, Ukraine, 88 Oda Nobunaga, 339 Odesa, Ukraine biological research facilities, 120 Bolshevik handover (1920), 58 civilian infrastructure, attacks on, 396 drone strikes on, 327 Euro-Maidan revolution (201314), 33, 36, 45, 124 Glazyev Tapes (2016), 61 grain exports crisis (2022), 200, 203, 209-10, 259 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 1389, 148, 154, 283, 284, 381 Snake Island and, 138 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 227, 231-2 World War II memorials, 151 oil, 24, 63, 67, 175, 176, 401 Arctic crude, 307, 401 Canada and, 217 China and, 308, 401 Cuba and, 377-8 EU embargo, 176, 326, 401 Germany and, 176, 182 India and, 318-19, 321,401 Iran and, 208 Iraq and, 365 Kazakhstan and, 303 Laos and, 332 price cap, 218, 262, 318 Saudi Arabia and, 364 Serbia and, 293 ship-to-ship transfers, 208 Syria and, 213 Turkey and, 347 Okaz, 361 Olenegorsk, Murmansk, 394 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194-5 Olenya airfield, Russia, 253 Olevich, Victor, 152, 234, 398 oligarchs in Russia, 7, 18, 22, 62, 112, 141, 402-3, 405 in Ukraine, 13, 36, 39, 74, 85, 100-101, 170-71 Olympic Games 2014 Sochi, 51-2 2022 Beijing, 312 Oman, 360 Omelyan, Volodymyr, 314-15 ‘On the
Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians’ (Putin), 102 112 channel (Ukraine), 88 Onufrienko, Mikhail, 393 Onyx missiles, 393 Operation Barkhane (2014-22), 369 Opposition Bloc, 14, 75, 84, 102, 133, 136, 171 opposition parties, Russian, 19-20, 21, 39-40, 52, 183-6, 242, 346, 382 Opposition Platform, 100, 133 Opytne, Donetsk, 257 Orange Revolution (2004-5), 10, 12, 14, 40, 126 Orban, Viktor, 176, 179, 271-2 563
INDEX Organisation of American States (OAS), 372 Organisation of Black Sea Economic Cooperation, 337 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), 330 Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), 361 Origin Energy, 341 Orlov, Oleg, 183 Ortega, Daniel, 377, 378 Orthodox Christianity, 41,58,80,1024, 178-9, 194, 196, 242, 268, 291, 404-5 Osa air defence systems, 116 Osadchiy, Maxim, 340 OSCE, 56, 62, 76, 86, 95, 112, 140, 146, 162, 163, 249 Osmayev, Adam, 132 Ostrovnoy, Murmansk, 394 Ottoman Empire (1299-1922), 58, 68, 282 Ovsyannikova, Marina, 144 Pabradé, Lithuania, 295 Pacific Fleet, 310 Pakistan, 115, 205, 213, 260, 306, 309, 329-30, 335 Paks nuclear plant, Hungary, 273 Palestine, 354-5 Palm Jumeirah, Dubai, 363 Pantsir S-l defence systems, 200 Paraskoveevka, Donetsk, 385 PARNAS, 52 partial mobilisation (2022), 31, 226, 233-44, 288-9, 293, 382, 391 partisans, 202, 246 Party of Regions, 14, 48, 61 Parubiy, Andriy, 77 Pasechnik, Leonid, 170, 187, 233, 245, 246 Pashinyan, Nikol, 90, 299, 300, 301 Patel, Priti, 162 Patriot anti-missile receptors, 361 564 Patrushev, Nikolay, 22, 65, 96, 111, 122, 173, 275, 291, 309, 332, 344 Pavlov, Aleksey, 405 Pavlyuk, Oleksandr, 134 Payne, Stanley, 26 PDVSA, 378 peace talks (2022), 146-50 peacekeeping, 3 Pegasus NSO spyware, 350 Pegov, Semyon, 388 Pelosi, Nancy, 311-12 penal colonies, 236 People Patrol (Serbia), 292 People’s Daily, 310-11 Peoples Defense Units (Kudistan), 359 Perendzhiev, Alexander, 358 Perevezentsev, Sergei, 45 Perla, Andrey, 244 Perm, Russia, 235 Person, Robert, 7 Peru, 374 Peskov, Dmitry Azerbijan, relations
with, 301 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 295 Bulgaria, relations with, 281 civilian infrastructure attacks, views on, 398 denazification statement (2022), 148 Donbas War (2014-22), 47, 62 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 248 EU, views on, 147 Kyiv withdrawal (2022), 183 maximalism, 386 Medvedchuk, relations with, 171 Minsk II Accords (2015), 62 mobilisation, views on, 185 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 Nord Stream shutdown (2022), 216 nuclear threats, 181 partial mobilisation (2022), 241 Romania, relations with, 284
INDEX rouble payment demand (2022), 175 sanctions, views on, 93, 141 Ukraine invasion (2022), 116 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 219 Urgant, defence of, 145 Zelensky’s media crackdown (2021), 88, 89 Pesti TV, 272 petal mines, 183 Petro, Gustavo, 372-3 Petrobas, 376 Petrov, Nikolai, 111 Petrovske, Luhansk, 86 Petukhov, Sergei, 41-2 Philippines, 70, 330, 332 Phoenix TV, 311 Pifer, Steven, 35 PIR Center, 114 Piskarev, Vasily, 241 Pisky, Donetsk, 192 plague, 120 Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 316, 358 Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Arkhangelsk, 181 Plotnitsky, Igor, 56 Podgorica, Montenegro, 290 Podolyak, Mykhailo counter-offensive, 198, 225, 227 Dugina assassination (2022), 221 humanitarian corridors, 146 Iran, relations with, 323 Israel, relations with, 354 Kerch Bridge attack, 252-3 Kherson offensive, 198 military aid, requests for, 197, 251 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194 Russian missile strikes, views on, 393, 399 Saky airbase attack, 220 security guarantees, views on, 148 Zelensky assassination attempts, 135, 136 Pogonovo, Russia, 94 Poland, 165, 175, 183, 198, 276-8, 284, 408 Baltic Pipe, 261 Belarus, relations with, 99, 295, 299 Black Sea blockade (2022) and, 203, 204 Brinkmanship Crisis (2022), 105, 108 cyberattacks (2022), 131 demilitarisation and, 115 denazification and, 128 diplomat expulsions (2022), 278 disinformation campaign against (2022), 277 EU, relations with, 276 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 38 genocide resolution (2022), 165 G20 expulsion, calls for (2022), 163 military aid, 117, 176, 177, 346, 398 Minsk II Accords (2015), 76 missile
strike (2022), 396 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 nuclear weapons in, 99, 295, 299 peace talks (2022), 148 Prague Spring (1968), 11 sanctions, imposition of, 175 Solidarity movement (1980s), 183 South Korea, relations with, 340 Ukraine invasion (2022), 276-7 Ukrainian nationalism and, 103, 127 Ukrainian NATO application (2022), 249 visa restrictions (2022), 278 weaponry, supply of, 117, 176, 177 Yushchenko, relations with, 14 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213, 278 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569-1795), 103 ‘polite people’, 3 565
INDEX Polonsky, Ilya, 191 Poltava, Ukraine, 102 Polyanskiy, Dmitry, 114, 123, 167, 170,213, 258-9 Ponomarev, Ilya, 44 Popasna, Luhansk, 156, 189, 192, 386, 400 Popescu, Nicu, 284, 286 Popov, Evgeny, 254, 269 Popular Mobilisation Forces (PMF), 365 populism, 64, 266-73, 387, 404 Poroshenko, Petro Donbas War (2014-22), 55-9, 62, 66, 75-8, 85, 86 EU, relations with, 87 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 39 ICC investigation, calls for (2014-15), 161 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3 Medvedchuk, relationship with, 136 NATO, relations with, 79, 87, 88 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 128 parliamentary elections (2014), 6 presidential election (2014), 53, 55, 83 presidential election (2019), 78, 845 Roshen, 39 Russian Orthodox Church, relations with, 80-81 treason charges (2021-2), 101 Potanin, Vladimir, 184 potash, 174 Potemkin, Gregory, 256 Potsdam Conference (1945), 122 Power of Siberia pipeline project, 308 Prada, 132 pragmatic cooperation, 10 Prague Spring (1968), 3, 11 Pravda, 11 Pravdyne, Kherson, 111 Prigozhin, Yevgeny, 23, 179, 192, 235-7, 402-4 566 Abramovich, campaign against, 404 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 257, 383-4, 385 Battle of Lyman (2022), 251 gold mining interests, 368, 369 Luhansk fortification (2022), 257 partial mobilisation (2022), 235-7 Putin, relationship with, 404 Serbia operations, 291-2 Surovikin, views on, 254, 404 United World International, 221 U.S. midterm elections (2022), 26970 Prilepin, Zakhar, 153 Primakov, Yevgeny, 51, 65 Primorsky District, Mariupol, 155 Primorsky Krai, Russia, 334 prisoner exchanges, 85, 136, 171, 360, 404, 408-9 prisoners of
war (POWs), 57, 86-7, 162, 173, 194-5 private military contractors (PMCs), see Wagner Group Prompt Global Strike system, 181 Promsvyazbank, 141 Prussia (1701-1918), 10 PSB, 112 Pushilin, Denis, 109, 124, 128, 196, 245, 246 Pushkin, Alexander, 277 Pushkov, Alexei, 63, 286, 378 Pussy Riot, 52 Putin, Vladimir Abe, relationship with, 339 approval ratings, 17-18, 31 Azovstal steel factory siege (2022), 155, 269 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 189-90 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 97 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108 Berlusconi, relationship with, 268
INDEX cancel culture comments (2022), 178 China, relations with, 307, 313, 314 conscription and, 131, 391 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 coup, calls for (2022), 136 Crimea annexation (2014), 34, 434 Donbas invasion (2014), 53, 56 Donbas offensive (2022), 189-90, 193 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 111-12 Dugina assassination (2022), 223 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 226, 245,247-8, 251 Erdogan, relationship with, 260, 269, 326, 359 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 34 fascism, 25, 26-7 Finland, relations with, 280 Geneva Summit (2021), 98-9 global influence and, 382 health, speculation over, 6 history, views on, 20-21, 73, 102-4, 149 hot peace period (2021), 98 inner circle, 22-3 Israel, relations with, 351, 353 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 82 Kherson withdrawal (2022), 256-7 Kiriyenko, relationship with, 246 Latin America, relations with, 3767 Luhansk victory declaration (2022), 187 Lukashenko, relationship with, 295, 296 Luzhniki Stadium speech (2012), 40 Luzhniki Stadium speech (2022), 145 military operations, control over, 130, 232 mobilisation and, 226, 233-44, 405, 406 Modi, relationship with, 69, 305-6 national self-images and, 9-10 NATO expansion, views on, 5, 6, 14, 21-2 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 Nord Stream shutdown (2022), 21617 Novorossiya declaration (2014), 58 nuclear threats, 256, 263 Orban, relationship with, 272 Orthodox Church, relations with, 81, 404-5 Pashinyan, relationship with, 300, 301 populist movements, support for, 64, 266-73 pragmatic cooperation, 10 Prigozhin, relationship with, 404 regime change goal, 1, 2 regime
insecurity, 6-8, 402 resilience, 17-23 rouble payment demand (2022), 175 Russophobia, views on, 178 Samarkand summit (2022), 305-6 sanctions on, 141 soldiers, solidarity with, 405 Solovyov assassination attempt (2022), 223 Soviet nostalgia, 25 Surovikin appointment (2022), 253 Sweden, relations with, 280 totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382, 409 Ukraine invasion (2022), 1, 17, 31, 73, 111 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 232 Victory Day celebrations (2022), 151-2 567
INDEX Western elites, views on, 265-6 Wickremesinghe, relationship with, 330 Yanukovych, relationship with, 36, 37, 38 Yushchenko, relationship with, 39 Zelensky, relationship with, 85, 104 Pyatt, Geoffrey, 59 Qamishli airport, Syria, 357 Qatar, 70, 360, 362-3, 364 Qin Gang, 307 Qods Aviation Industries, 328 Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, 322 Quanzhou-Far East shipping line, 309 Queensland Alumina Limited (QAL), 341 Raab, Dominic, 161 Rachmaninov, Sergei, 178 Radakin, Antony ‘Tony’, 183, 392 radar stations, 116 Radioatomivka, 143, 300, 313 Radutskyi, Mykhailo, 162 Rahmon, Emomali, 67, 303 railways, 203-4 Raisi, Ebrahim, 305 Rajagopalan, Rajesh, 322 Ramaphosa, Cyril, 366 RAND Corporation, 18 Raoul Wallenberg Centre for Human Rights, 165 rape, 158 Rapoport, Boris, 246 ‘Rashism’, 26 Rasmussen, Anders Fogh, 79 Rau, Zbigniew, 355 Razumkov Center, 101, 399 Razumovsky, Dmitry, 373, 375, 377 re-education, 159-60, 164,247 Reagan, Ronald, 92 Red Cross, 162, 194 568 refugees, 146, 268, 398 regime change, 1, 2-3, 7, 10, 15, 121, 127, 132-3, 381 Remchukov, Konstantin, 53 Remeslo, Ilya, 195 Renzi, Matteo, 267 Republic of Congo, 343 Republican Party (US), 406-7 Republika, 292 Reverse Side of the Medal, 231 Reznikov, Oleksiy, 177, 197, 346, 392 Rezonans-N radar systems, 394 RIA Novosti, 41-2, 96, 143, 168, 172, 182, 206, 218, 248, 286, 362, 385 RIAC, 143, 148, 186 Right Sector, 45, 58 rocket-propelled grenades, 210, 284, 326 Rogov, Vladimir, 214, 262 Rogozin, Dmitry, 44, 46, 49, 50, 68, 144, 338 Romanenko, Oleg, 262 Romania, 47, 108, 117, 138, 198, 249, 283-4, 396,408 Rosatom, 210, 211,
216, 279, 347, 367 Rose Revolution (2003), 10, 12 Roshen, 39 Roshvardiya forces group, 135 Rosneft, 51, 63, 69, 267, 364, 365 Rossiya-1, 35, 160, 269, 277-8, 280-81 Ovsyannikovas protest (2022), 144 Skabeeva’s show, 174, 180, 185, 206, 222, 240, 241, 244, 254, 255, 389, 408 Solovyovs show, 108, 167, 173, 278, 393, 399, 405-6, 408 Rossiya Bank, 141 Rossiya Segodnya Center, 115 Rossiya Segodnya, 60, 127 Rossotrudnichestvo, 271 Rostec, 63, 155, 334 Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 94, 105, 159, 162, 235, 272
INDEX Rostovsky, Mikhail, 42 Rotenberg, Igor, 112 Rothkopf, David, 18 rouble, 25, 63, 141-2, 143, 175, 203 Rowling, J.K., 178 Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), 129 Rozhin, Boris, 153, 168, 385, 387-8 RS-28 Sarmat, 181 RT, 69, 108, 144, 269, 273, 289, 329, 377, 379 Rubizhne, Luhansk, 156, 189 Rudenko, Sergei, 285 Rurik Dynasty (862-1610), 102 Rusal, 174, 267, 341 Rusich unit, 124 Russia-Africa Summit (2023), 29, 371 Russian Academy of Sciences, 310, 373 Russian Aerospace Forces, 68, 388 Russian Agricultural Bank, 207 Russian Airborne Forces, 190 Russian Army Combined Arms Army, 41st, 105 Combined Arms Army, 58th, 105 Corps, 3rd, 235 Guards Air Assault Regiment, 234th, 161 Guards Air Regiment, 104th, 161 Guards Tank Army, 1st, 105 Guards Tank Division, 4th, 188 Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, 64th, 160 Separate Motorized Rifle Regiment, 11th, 190 Russian Association for Baltic Studies, 275 Russian Central Bank, 22, 141-2, 338, 368, 400 Russian citizenship, 86-7, 202-3, 245 Russian Direct Investment Fund, 141 Russian Empire (1721-1917), 41 Bolshevik Revolution (1917), 10, 103, 149, 346 Crimea annexation (1783), 58, 68, 102 Japanese War (1904-5), 156, 233, 338 Russian Far East, 159, 308, 309 Russian Federation (1991-) Africa Summit (2023), 29, 371 Bolotnaya Square protests (2011-12), 18, 39, 52 Chechnya conflict (1994-2009), 9, 15, 16, 59, 60, 133, 159 colour revolutions and, 10, 12 constitutional crisis (1993), 12, 23 counter-revolution, 9-12, 37, 40, 90, 92, 104 Crimea annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66 cyber warfare, 83, 131, 274, 280
Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 1, 17, 110-12 Donbas War (2014-22), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34, 45, 46-71,73-8 Dugina assassination (2022), 188, 221-3, 229, 291 economic coercion, use of, 13, 37 economic decline, 400emigration from, 20, 243, 244, 288-9, 293, 300, 346-7 fascism, 25, 26-7 Georgian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59, 61, 64, 67, 287, 288, 323-4,349 Global South, relations with, 28, 30, 46, 51 great power status, 2, 8, 10, 29, 30, 32, 71, 265, 305, 344 gubernatorial elections (2022), 246 isolation, 27-30, 32, 112, 265-304, 316 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 Kosovo War (1998-9), 5-6, 22 military modernisation 15, 67 national self-images, 9 569
INDEX natural gas crisis (2005-6), 13, 39 liberals in, 7, 10, 20, 26, 52, 61, 114, 142-6, 183-6,241-2, 288, 300 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 opposition parties in, 19-20, 21, 39-40, 52, 183-6, 346 parliamentary elections (1993), 23 penal colonies, 236 pension reform protests (2018), 7 populist movements, support for, 64, 266-73 regime insecurity, 6-8, 402 Sochi Olympics (2014), 51-2 soft power, 9, 13-14, 30, 46, 26673, 299, 331 Soviet nostalgia, 25 State Duma elections (2011), 18, 39, 52 State Duma elections (2021), 8 Syria intervention (2015—), see Syria totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382, 409 Ukraine trade embargo (2013), 37 Ukraine War (2022-), see RussoUkrainian War US presidential elections (2016), 80 Russian Guard, 212-13 Russian Imperial Movement, 173 Russian language, 125, 231 Russian Military Historical Society, 149 Russian National Movement, 76 Russian Navy Army Corps, 11th (Coastal), 105 Baltic Sea Fleet, 22 Black Sea Fleet, 13, 14, 15, 48, 67, 96, 137, 139, 156, 188, 200, 259, 346 Caspian Flotilla, 96 Pacific Fleet, 310 Russian Orientalist, 198 Russian Orthodox Church, 41, 58, 570 80-81, 102, 103-4, 178-9,194, 242, 404-5 Russian State Duma Anti-Corruption Committee, 241 approval ratings, 18 constitutional crisis (1993), 12, 23 Crimea annexation (2014), 44 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 110 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 248 elections (2011), 18, 39, 52 elections (2021), 8 fake information legislation (2022), 20 partial mobilisation (2022), 234, 241, 242 Russian Union of Grain Exports, 205 Russian Unity, 42 Russian-Ukrainian Action Plan
(2013), 38 Russkiy Mir, 276 Russo-Georgian War (2008), 3, 16, 17, 39, 48, 59, 61,64, 67, 111 Russo-Japanese War (1904-5), 156, 233, 338 Russo-Ukrainian War (2022-), 1, 3 air domain, 129, 219-21 anti-war movement, see anti-war movement Azovstal steel factory siege, 140, 155, 158, 172, 194, 221,282 Battle of Antonov Airport (2022), 134,288 Battle of Bakhmut (2022-3), 192, 257, 382-5 Battle of Enerhodar (2022), 210 Battle of Hostomel (2022), 134, 135, 136, 168, 288 Battle of Kharkiv (2022), 105, 133, 153-4, 156, 199, 225-6, 229-32, 235, 246 Battle of Kherson (2022), 43, 130, 138,139
INDEX Battle of Kyiv (2022), 1, 2, 30, 113, 130, 133-7, 296 Battle of Lyman (2022), 226, 250-52, 263, 383 Battle of Lysychansk (2022), 190, 191, 192 Battle of Severodonetsk (2022), 188-92 Black Sea and, 31, 137-9, 203-10 blitzkrieg tactics, 30, 130, 230 build-up, 30, 94-112 casualties, 31, 140, 154, 157, 169, 178, 180, 183, 185, 190-91, 228, 239, 383, 388 civilians, see civilians conscription, 31, 131, 226, 233-44, 288-9,293,387,388,391-2,4056 coup plots, 113, 132-3, 136 cyber warfare, 131 demilitarization narrative, 1, 4, 114-21, 147, 397 denazification narrative, 1, 4, 11, 31,96, 114, 121-8, 147— 9, 171-2, 187, 194, 352, 407 Donbas offensive, 1, 2, 29, 139-40, 152-7, 185, 186, 187-96 Donbas-centric pivot, 152-7 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 226, 244-9, 251, 265, 290, 292, 333 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 Engels airbase attack (2022), 388-9 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 grain exports and, 31, 188, 203-10, 226, 258-61, 320 infrastructure attacks, 164, 212, 226, 254, 396-400 jingoism and, 15, 110, 128, 145 Kremenchuk shopping mall attack (2022), 201 logistics, 31, 60, 133, 134-5, 295 looting, 202, 208, 236 Luhansk victory declaration (2022), 187-8 Mariupol, siege of (2022), 124,13940, 146, 153, 155, 158, 172, 190, 256, 272 military aid, see military aid mobilisation, 31, 226, 233-44, 2889, 293, 346, 382, 391,405-6 Moskva sinking, 156-7, 183 no-fly zone proposals, 129 nuclear threats, 117, 152, 167, 180-81, 226, 263, 278, 297, 301, 314 peace talks (2022), 146-50 ‘phase two’ announcement (2022), 153 popular support in Russia, 18, 20, 31 prisoners of war (POWs),
162, 173, 194-5 refugees, 146, 268, 398 regime change and, 2, 7, 15, 113, 132-3,381 Russian invasion (2022), 1, 3-4, 11, 15, 111-12, 113-21 sanctions, 17, 18-19, 27-30, 140— 42 Snake Island, 138, 200 strategic setbacks, Russian, 2, 17, 31, 128-37, 177, 184, 189, 22557 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 192, 196-203, 219-21, 225-33, 250-57, 286, 382-9 Ukrainian resistance, underestima tion of, 8, 15-16, 130, 132-3 war crimes, 113, 140, 152, 157-66, 171, 183, 193-5 Western response, expectations of, 8-9, 16 weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 118-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 31, 183, 188, 210-16, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278, 408 Russophobia, 125, 127, 137, 178, 206, 277, 344 571
INDEX Rutgers University, 84 Rutsky, Joseph, 102 Ryabkov, Sergei, 117 Ryazan, Russia, 388 Rybachuk, Oleh, 48 Rybakov, Sergei, 279, 377 Rybar, 201, 238, 250, 253, 396, 400 S-300 air defence systems, 116, 157, 199, 358, 396 S-400 air defence systems, 135, 280, 319, 347-8 Saakashvili, Mikheil, 3, 88, 324 Sabin, Dmitry, 242 Sachsenhausen concentration camp, 144 al-Sadr, Moqtada, 365 Safranchuk, Ivan, 114 Sahel region, 369 Sakhalin Island, 308, 338 Saky airbase, Novofedorivka, 220, 228 Salazar, Kenneth, 376 Saldo, Vladimir, 159, 255 Salem, 42 Sall, Macky, 368 Salles, Ricardo, 375 Salvini, Matteo, 270 Samara, Russia, 388 Samarkand, Uzbekistan, 305 sanctions, 17-19, 27-30, 31, 140—43, 174-6, 216, 381, 400-402 Africa and, 368 Armenia and, 300 Bangladesh and, 330 Black Sea region and, 283, 284, 286-7 China and, 307-9, 311-13, 316 Crimea annexation (2014), 46, 50, 313 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 63-5, 76 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 572 energy crisis (2022-3), 216-19 EU public support for, 271, 273 European board members, 267 grain exports crisis (2022), 203-10, 258-9 hot peace period (2021), 98-9 hybrid war and, 181-2 India and, 69, 317, 319, 320-21 Indo-Pacific region and, 306, 335 Iran and, 324-5, 327-8 Israel and, 350-51, 353 Japan and, 337, 338 Kaliningrad and, 275-6 Kazakhstan and, 299, 302-3 Latin America and, 374-5 nationalisation and, 142, 406 Navalny poisoning (2020), 93 North Korea and, 332 Philippines and, 332 Russian Orthodox Church and, 179 South Korea and, 340 Turkey and, 345, 348, 349 Sandu, Maia, 283, 286 Sannikov,
Andrei, 91, 99, 296 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 289 Saratov, Russia, 234, 388, 389 Saryusz-Wolski, Jacek, 276, 278 Satan IIICMB, 181 Satanovsky, Yevgeny, 278, 408 Satter, David, 52 al-Saud, Talal al-Faisal, 364 Saudi Arabia, 70, 80, 260, 360-62, 364 Saulenko, Olexander, 208 Savchenko, Nadezhda, 77 Savchuk, Sergei, 206, 213, 218, 362 Savinsky, Alexey, 403 Savluchenko, Dmytro, 202 Sberbank, 63,112, 141, 174, 217, 267, 309 SBU (Sluzhba bezpeky Ukrainy), see Security Service of Ukraine Scherba, Olexander, 64 Schlegel, Robert, 35 Schoenbaum, Arne, 268
INDEX Scholz, Olaf, 5, 107-8, 140, 207, 218, 275 Schönbach, Kay-Achim, 268 Schröder, Gerhard, 267 Schüssel, Wolfgang, 266 Sea Breeze exercises, 36 Sea of Azov, 55, 81, 96, 137, 139, 255 Sechin, Igor, 51, 63 Security Service of Ukraine (SBU), 53, 133, 140, 166, 202, 208, 252-3, 388 Séléka, 369 Semenov, Kirill, 326, 357, 358 semiconductors, 174, 337, 340, 341, 401 Senegal, 213 Sentsov, Oleg, 85 Serbia, 10, 162, 265, 289-94, 334 Serdyukov, Anatoly, 15, 190, 394 Sergeytsev, Timofey, 96, 172-3 Servant of the People Party, 148 Seselj, Vojislav, 292 Sevastopol, Crimea, 14, 42, 43, 44, 145, 200, 208, 212, 220, 259, 261 Severodonetsk, Luhansk, 55, 140, 156, 188-92 Seversk, Bakhmut, 385 Seychelles, 51 Shafiyev, Farid, 300-301 Shahed-class drones, 28, 326-7, 396 Shahid Beheshti University, 326 Shaked, Ayelet, 352 Shakhnazarov, Karen, 108 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 12, 305 Sharafmal, Fakhrudin, 123 Sharov, Alexei, 47 Shea, Jamie, 397 Sheikh Hasina, 330 Sheremet, Mikhail, 122-3 Sherman, Wendy, 204, 205 Shevardnadze, Eduard, 12 Shevchenko, Taras, 103 Shiropaiev, Aleksei, 26 Shmyhal, Denys, 287 Shoigu, Sergei, 193, 232, 256, 394 Black Sea drills (2021), 96-7 chemical attack claims, 109 Crimea annexation (2014), 47 criticism of, 184, 251-2 dirty bomb claims, 263 Kherson withdrawal, 256 Mediterranean Region, views on, 68 military base claims, 51 missiles, views on, 68 mobilisation, views on, 238 Myanmar, relations with, 335 nuclear threats, 117 Syria, relations with, 357 Ukraine invasion (2022), 130 short-range ballistic missiles (SRBMs), 73, 94, 168-9, 199, 219, 297, 377, 393
Shostakovich, Dmitri, 178 Shtepa, Pavel, 126 Shturmovshchina trap, 394 Shugaev, Dmitry, 319, 347 Shugaley, Maxim, 178-9 Shukhevych, Roman, 123 Shumy, Donetsk, 95 Sibal, Kanwal, 318, 320 Siberia, 69, 131, 159, 256, 289, 308, 311,336 Sibur, 313 Siemens, 217 Sigov, Yuri, 371 Sikorski, Radek, 261, 276 siloviki, 22, 65 Siluanov, Anton, 142 Simferopol, Crimea, 212, 256 Simonyan, Margarita, 108, 110, 173, 178, 180, 223, 241, 300, 302-3, 311,393, 396 Sinelshchikov, Yury, 171 Singapore, 51 Sinno Electronics, 313 Sinopec, 313 el-Sisi, Abdel Fattah, 70 573
INDEX Siversk, Donetsk, 192 Siverskyi Donets River, 57, 118, 234 Sivkov, Konstantin, 117, 150, 209, 358, 394, 404 Skabeeva, Olga, 174, 180, 185, 206, 222, 240, 241, 244, 254, 255, 389, 408 Skachko, Vladimir, 127 Skibitsky, Vadim, 199 Skochilenko, Alexandra, 20 Skybitsky, Vadym, 391-2 Slavophile self-image, 9 Sleboda, Mark, 123 Slovakia, 37, 176, 249, 408 Slovenia, 175 Sloviansk, Donetsk, 54, 55, 61, 168, 188, 257 Slutsky, Leonid, 37, 76, 121, 149, 150, 171, 285, 404 Smila, Ukraine, 149 smuggling, 28, 99, 206-9, 217-18, 348-9, 356, 368 Snake Island, 138, 199, 200-201, 220 snatch squads, 233 Snihurivka, Mykolaiv, 138-9, 246, 255 snipers, 135 Snyder, Timothy, 26 Sobchak, Ksenia, 52 Sobolev, Yevhen, 202 Sobyanin, Sergei, 145, 217, 241 Sochi Olympics (2014), 51-2 Sochi, Russia, 38, 70, 183 Social Democratic Party of Germany, 108, 267 Social Democratic Party of Sweden, 279 social media, 20, 30 soft power, 9, 13-14, 30, 46, 266-73, 299, 331 Sokol, Sergey, 242 Sokolov, Konstantin, 238 Soldatov, Andrei, 347 Soledar, Bakhmut, 383, 385 Solovyov, Vladimir 574 anti-war protests, 145 Baltic States, views on, 275 Brinkmanship Crisis, 108 Bucha massacre uncovering, 167, 168 China, views on, 311 civilian infrastructure strikes, views on, 399 Crimea, views on, 393 Dugina assassination, 222-3 grain exports crisis, 208 hybrid war narrative, 178, 180, 185 Kerch Bridge attack, 253 mobilisation, views on, 240—41,4056 Myanmar and, 335 North Korea, views on, 334 nuclear threats, 263, 284 Poland, views on, 278 POWs, views on, 173 Romania, relations with, 284 Ukrainian counter-offensive, 252
Russophobia, views on, 178 Victory Day celebrations, 151-2 Solovyov Live, 213, 302 Somalia, 163, 178, 258, 260 Song Zhongping, 311 Soroka, Anna, 118 South Africa, 28, 213, 307, 366, 367 South and Southeast Asia, 329-32 South Caucasus region, 266,287,299301 South China Sea, 69, 70, 80, 331 South Korea, 32, 306, 339-40 South Ossetia, 3, 66, 111, 287, 288, 289, 303, 323 Sovcombank, 141 sovereign democracy model, 24 Soviet Union (1922-91), 103 Afghanistan War (1979-89), 16, 115, 183,317 Belovezh Accords (1991), 249 counter-revolution, 10-11 coup attempt (1991), 253, 254
INDEX Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 318, 366 Czechoslovakia invasion (1968), 3, 11-12,317 death penalty decree (1947), 126 decolonisation, support for, 343 dissolution (1991), 9, 23, 223, 248 East Germany protests (1953), 11 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 Hungarian Revolution (1956), 11, 317 India, relations with, 317 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 nostalgia for, 25, 145 post-war reconstruction, 173-4, 185 Shturmovshchina trap, 394 UAE, relations with, 362 Ukrainian Insurgent Army conflict (1942-56), 15, 42 Vietnam War (1955-75), 331, 334 World War II (1939-45), see World Warll weaponry from, 1, 73, 177, 282, 333 Sovsun, Inna, 164, 165 space, 376 Spain, 133, 271 Sparta Battalion, 233 Spasatel Vasily Bekh, 200 special military operation, 1, 3, 31, 151, 170, 178 Spetsnaz, 278 SPFS, 29, 324, 335 Spike anti-tank missiles, 350 Sputnik, 85, 144, 269, 378 Srebrenica massacre (1995), 168 Sri Lanka, 318, 330 St. George Ribbon, 125, 145 St. Petersburg, Russia, 240, 242, 245, 297, 401 St. Petersburg Economic Forum, 303, 321, 335, 344 Stalin, Joseph, 24, 25, 73, 103, 185 Starovoit, Roman, 237 Starstreak anti-aircraft missiles, 117, 177 statist self-image, 9 Steinmeier, Frank-Walter, 57, 2Ы Steinmeier formula (2019), 86 Stepanovka, Kherson, 256 Stinger anti-aircraft defence systems, 117, 129 Stoltenberg, Jens, 312, 394 Strandhall, Annika, 279 Stremousov, Kirill, 159, 202, 208, 228, 230, 245, 255, 256 Strizh UAVs, 389 Struk, Volodymyr, 156 Stubb, Alexander, 278 Su-24 jets, 297 Su-34 jets, 129 Su-35 jets, 200, 328, 367 Subkh, Maksym, 355 Sudan, 12, 45, 70, 260, 355, 368, 369 Sufism,243 SUGS,
145 Sukhovetsky, Andrey, 135 Sullivan, Jake, 250, 326, 407 Sumy, Ukraine, 118, 133 Sumykhimprom ammonia leak (2022), 118 Sunak, Rishi, 259 sunflowers, 204, 207, 208 surface-to-air missiles, 334, 389 surface-to-surface missiles, 227, 328 Surkov, Vladislav, 22, 24, 46, 61, 76, 153, 184 Surovikin, Sergei, 193, 253-4, 255, 256, 386, 394-5, 404, 405 Sushentsov, Andrey, 182 Sushko, Oleksandr, 48 Suslov, Dmitry, 50, 148, 233, 307, 316, 371 Suwalki corridor, 281 Suzdaltsev, Andrey, 206, 277 Svatovo, Luhansk, 190, 257, 386, 393 Sviatohirsk Lavra monastery, Donetsk, 194 575
INDEX SVR (Sluzhba vneshney razvedki), 90, 111 Sweden, 27, 261, 271, 278-81, 318 SWIFT, 28, 29, 63, 140-41, 175, 181, 207, 321, 340, 368 Switzerland, 27, 63, 177 Sycheva, Yulia, 249 Syria, 3, 7, 12, 15, 68, 75, 76, 79-80, 129, 154, 158, 163, 190, 191,241, 344, 356-9 Astana Peace Process (2016-), 324, 357, 359 barrel bombs in, 356 chemical weapons, use of, 79-80, 167-8, 356 cluster munitions in, 169 death corridors in, 158 disinformation on, 167-8 Donbas Republics, recognition of (2022), 356 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 false flag conspiracy theories, 140 GCC, relations with, 362 Iran, relations with, 70, 324, 329, 357, 358-9, 364 Israel, relations with, 351-2 Moskva operations, 156 Orthodox Church and, 81 Revolution (2011), 40 Surovikin in, 253-4 Turkey, relations with, 70, 346, 357, 358 UNGA Resolution ES-11/1 (2022), 28 UNGA Resolution 68/262 (2014), 45 US oil seizure plan (2019), 213 VKS jets in, 129 Wagner Group in, 29, 80, 235, 237, 358 Syriza, 64, 268 Syrskyi, Oleksandr, 394 System Capital Management, 48 576 Sytii, Dmitry, 403 Szijjârtô, Péter, 272 T-62 tanks, 234 T-72 tanks, 177 T-80 tanks, 230 T-80BV tanks, 235 T-90M tanks, 235 Taco LLC, 300 Taiwan, 32, 303, 306, 310, 311, 337, 340-41 Tajikistan, 3, 28, 67, 303 Tai Rifat region, Syria, 357, 358, 359 Taliban, 306, 332, 335-6 Talipo V, 234 de Tambèla, Apollinaire Kyélem, 370 Tambov, Russia, 236 tanks, 16, 82, 87, 94, 169, 176-7, 230, 234, 391 Taran, Sergiy, 38 Tarantsov, Dmitry, 373 Tasheva, Tamila, 240 Tatars, 45, 239-40, 345 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr, 178, 277 TCS Group, 184 teachers, 159-60 technology imports,
174, 337, 340, 341,401 Telegram anti-war movement and, 145 Battle of Bakhmut, 384 Battle of Severodonetsk, 189 Central Asia and, 302 civilian infrastructure attacks and, 399 Dagestani networks, 243 demilitarization, discourse on, 115 Donbas offensive, 153, 185 Dugina assassination (2022), 221, 223 genocide and, 164 Girkin on, 185, 232 Grey Zone, 302, 404 Holmogor Talks, 232
INDEX Iranian drones and, 327 Korotchenko on, 399 Kramatorsk attack, 169 NATO, views on, 22 Nazism narratives on, 124 partial mobilisation, 234, 238, 241, 243 phase two and, 153 Poland missile strike (2022), 396 Postovo, 231 Reverse Side of the Medal, 231 Russian Orientalist, 198 Rybar, 201, 238, 250, 253, 396, 400 Simonyan on, 241 Solovyov on, 145 Taiwan and, 311 Talipo V, 234 Tsargrad, 201, 244, 284, 311, 338 Turkey and, 349 Ukraine invasion, 139 Ukrainian counter-offensive, 198, 201, 230-32, 234 Voenkor Kotenok, 223, 384 Wagner Group on, 231, 251, 402 Z symbol on, 144 Telesur, 379 Teplinsky, Mikhail, 190, 395 Thailand, 70, 330, 331 Tharoor, Shashi, 317-18 thermobaric artillery, 193 third battalions, 234 Thirty Years War (1618-48), 122 Thomas-Greenfield, Linda, 121, 163 Tian Feilong, 312 Tibet, 311 Tigr armoured cars, 229 TikTok, 132 Timchenko, Gennady, 112, 313 Time for Change! campaign (2022), 183 Timofeev, Ivan, 143, 186 Tinkoff Bank, 184 Tinkov, Oleg, 184 Tiraspol, Transnistria, 283, 284 TMH International, 375 Tochka-U missiles, 73, 168-9, 199, 219, 229 Tokayev, Kassym-Jomart, 106-7, 303 Tolstoy, Pyotr, 200 Tomyna Balka, Kherson, 227 Tongjiang-Nizhneleninskoye railway bridge, 309 Tornado missiles, 199 torture, 45, 124, 125, 128, 157, 212, 231 totalitarianism, 2, 8, 24-6, 93, 114, 382 Touadéra, Faustin-Archange, 369 Toyota, 142 trade embargo (2013), 37 Tradition festival, 221 Transadria Ltd, 98 Transcarpathia, 272 Transnistria, 107, 139, 153, 283, 284-6 Traoré, Ibrahim, 370 Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686), 102 trench warfare, 383, 386 Trigunayat, Anil, 318 Trilateral
Contact Group, 83, 95 Trump, Donald, 85, 92, 93-4, 269, 308, 375 Truss, Elizabeth ‘Liz’, 117, 289, 302, 318 Tsai Ing-wen, 340 Tsargrad, 201, 244, 284, 311, 338 Tsaryov, Oleg, 61, 136, 232, 248, 389, 394, 404 Tsekov, Sergei, 122, 244 Tsepkalo, Valery, 91, 99 Tsikhanouskaya, Svitlana, 90, 91, 296 Tsinghua University, 315 Tsivilev, Sergey, 130-31, 237 Tsyganenko, Bogdan, 221 Tsygankov, Andrei, 10 Tu-141 Strizh UAVs, 389 Tu-160 bombers, 377 Tu-160 jets, 388 Tu-160 strategic bombers, 253 577
INDEX Tu-95 jets, 388 Tulip Revolution (2005), 40 Tulsi Gabbard, 120 Tunisia, 205 Turchak, Andrey, 184, 245 Turchynov, Oleksandr, 34, 44, 53-4, 128 Turkey, 80, 304, 344, 345-9 African markets, access to, 371 Azerbijan, relations with, 41, 301 Bayraktar ТВ-2 drones, 134, 156, 301, 346 Bosporus closure, 209, 345 Chubais in, 146 Council of Europe expulsion (2022), 162 coup attempt (2016), 348 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95 Crimean Tatars, relations with, 345, 346 Cyprus, relations with, 269 de-dollarisation, 347, 363 emigration to, 20, 346-7 grain exports crisis (2022), 209, 258, 259, 260, 348-9 Istanbul Peace Talks (2022), 146-50, 298 military aid, 134, 156, 301, 346 Putins visit (2022), 326 Russia, trade with, 347 S-400 air defence systems, 347-8 Samarkand summit (2022), 306 sanctions and, 345, 348, 349 smuggling in, 348-9 strategic autonomy, 345 Syria, relations with, 70, 346, 357, 358-9 technology exports, 401 ZhibekZholy seizure (2022), 349 Turkmenistan, 335, 336 TurkStream pipeline, 272 Tushayev, Magomed, 136 Tuva, 239 Twitter, 20, 144 578 Tymoshenko, Yulia, 36, 39, 101 Tyotkino, Russia, 219 Uganda, 343, 365-6 Uhledar heating plant, Donetsk, 236 Ukraine Anti-Terrorism Operation (201415), 54-5, 74, 80-81, 83, 88, 133 constitutional amendment (2019), 87 Crimea annexation (2014), 2-3, 5, 6, 8, 17, 26, 29, 30, 34, 42-53, 66 de-communisation, 125 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170-71 Donbas occupation (2014), 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 17, 34,45,46-71 economic coercion of, 13, 37 electrical facilities cyber-attack (2015), 83 EU, relations with, 6, 13, 14, 33, 35, 37-42, 49, 58, 79,
86, 100, 147 Euro-Maidan revolution (2013-14), 7, 8, 30, 33-42, 49, 59, 79, 88, 90, 124, 127, 136, 161 historical narratives and, 20-21, 73, 102-4 Holodomor (1932-3), 159 Kerch Strait crisis (2018), 81-3, 86 military aid, 83, 108, 116 NATO, relations with, 4-6, 14, 22, 35-6, 48, 58, 73-4, 78-9, 87-8, 119, 147 natural gas crisis (2005-6), 13 NotPetya virus attack (2017), 83 Orange Revolution (2004-5), 10, 12, 14, 40, 126 parliamentary elections (2014), 6 parliamentary elections (2019), 84 presidential election (1994), 13 presidential election (2004), 36 presidential election (2014), 53, 55, 83
INDEX presidential election (2019), 78, 845 Russia Friendship Treaty (1997), 14 Russian influence, crackdown on (2021), 88-9 Russian language in, 125 Russian Orthodox Church, relations with, 80-81 Russian trade embargo (2013), 37 Sevastopol lease (1997), 14 weapons, development of, 227 WMD programmes, 118 World War II (1939-45), 15, 42, 103, 122, 125 Ukrainian Air Assault Forces, 194 Ukrainian Army Missile Brigade, 13th, 169 Kholodny Yar Brigade, 384 Tank Brigade, 1st, 134 Ukrainian Insurgent Army, 15, 42, 123 Ukrainian Orthodox Church, 41, 81, 83, 102, 194 Ukrainian Territorial Defence Forces, 133, 157, 158, 201, 384 Ukrainskaya Pravda, 199, 252 Ulbricht, Walter, 11 Ulyanov, Mikhail, 213, 218, 258 Ulyanovsk, Russia, 234 Umerov, Rustam, 146 Uniate Church, 102 UnionPay, 313 unipolar order, 28, 49, 65, 343 United Arab Emirates (UAE), 167, 360-64, 368 United Kingdom AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Bakhmut, intelligence on (2022), 257 biological weapons accusations, 121 Black Sea blockade (2022), 209, 259 China, relations with, 315 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95 Croatia, relations with, 290 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 drone warfare, 259, 261 Dugina assassination (2022), 221, 222-3 Falklands War (1982), 375 grain exports deal (2022), 209, 259 Kazakhstan, relations with, 302-3 Luhansk fortification intelligence, 386 military aid, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 MI6, 197-8 Murayev rumours (2022), 136-7 sanctions, imposition of, 141, 271 Sevastopol drone attack (2022), 259, 261 starvation, claims of, 182 trilateral security agreement (2022), 108 Ukraine invasion (2022), 108, 116, 117
war crimes, response to, 161, 162, 165, 167 weaponry, supply of, 108, 116, 117, 177, 197 United Nations Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 205 Charter, 3, 47, 163, 249, 293 civilian infrastructure attacks and, 399 Donbas War (2014-22), 77 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249, 265, 290, 292-3, 365 General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1 (2022), 28 General Assembly Resolution 68/262 (2014), 45-6 Genocide Convention, 165 grain export deal (2022), 188, 203-10, 226, 258 High Representative for Disarmament, 121 Human Rights Council (UNHRC), 27, 163-4, 170, 292, 350, 354, 360, 376 579
INDEX Israel-Palestine conflict, 355 Security Council (UNSC), 162,163, 167 Syrian War (2011-), 356 Ukraine invasion (2022), 113, 121, 360, 366, 372 war crimes, responses to, 162, 1634, 167 World Food Programme (WFP), 204 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 213 United Russia Party, 8, 14, 22, 24, 40, 208, 242, 270 United States AUKUS Pact (2021), 312 Azerbijan, relations with, 301 biological weapons accusations, 4, 120-21, 311 Black Sea blockade (2022), 204, 259, 260 Black Sea drills (2021), 5 Bout-Griner prisoner exchange (2022), 409 Brinkmanship Crisis, First (2021), 94 Brinkmanship Crisis, Second (2022), 108, 109-10 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 Central Asia, influence in, 10 China, relations with, 310-12, 313, 315,316 civilian infrastructure, doctrine and, 397 Crimea crisis (2014), 46 Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 318, 366 defensive weapons export (2017), 5 dollar, 29, 63, 67, 175, 309, 320-21, 347 Donbas Republics’ recognition (2022), 112 Donbas War (2014-22), 54, 57, 63, 78 580 Eastern Ukraine annexations (2022), 249 Engels airbase attack (2022), 389 Exercise Pitch Black, 310 GCC, relations with, 360, 362 grain exports crisis (2022), 204, 259, 260 hot peace period (2021), 98 India, relations with, 322 INF Treaty withdrawal (2019), 923 Iran, relations with, 322-3, 324, 328, 329 Latin America, relations with, 373 Magnitsky Act (2012), 50 Medvedchuk sanctions (2021), 89 midterm elections (2022), 269-70, 406-7 military aid, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201, 390-91, 406-7 Monroe Doctrine (1823), 71, 373 NATO accession and, 5 natural gas supplies, 282 Nazism
conspiracy theories and, 127 Ochakiv command centre construction (2017), 88 Poland, relations with, 277, 278 presidential election (2016), 80 presidential election (2020), 93 regime change and, 19 sanctions, imposition of, 141, 143, 174, 182, 207,218, 249, 300 South Korea, relations with, 340 Syria oil seizure plan (2019), 213 Taiwan, relations with, 311-12 Ukraine invasion (2022-), 83, 108, 116 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 228 unilateralism, 10 unipolar order, 28, 49, 65, 343 Vietnam War (1955-75), 331, 334 war crimes, response to, 163, 165-6
INDEX weaponry, supply of, 83, 108, 116, 129, 197, 201,390-91,406-7 Yarovsky training ground instruc tors, 88 United World International, 221 University of Tehran, 324 University ofTsukuba, 336 unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), see drones UP-4 project, 120 urea, 174 Urgant, Ivan, 145 Uruguay, 373 Ushakov, Yury, 375 Utkin, Dmitry, 124 Uyama, Hideki, 337 Uyanaev, Sergey, 320 Uzbekistan, 304, 305, 336, 403 V symbol, 144 Vaino, Anton, 22 VakifBank, 348 Van Schaack, Beth, 158 Vankor oilfields, Siberia, 69 Vasiliev, Vladimir, 283 Vasily Bekh, 137 Vassilev, Assen, 282 Vasylkiv Airbase, Kyiv, 134 Vasylky, Mykolaiv, 230 VEB, 112, 141 Vecernje Novosti, 291 Vedyakhin, Alexander, 309 Vekselberg, Viktor, 341 Venediktova, Iryna, 102, 158 Venezuela, 46, 51, 71, 92, 112, 208, 344, 377-8 Vereshchuk, Iryna, 272, 287 Vesna opposition movement, 242 Vessel Traffic Control Center, Mariupol, 155 Vesti Nedeli, 110 Vesti, 123, 127 Victory Day, 151-2, 153, 185, 303 Vietnam, 28, 51, 70, 213, 306, 330-31, 334 Vikul, Oleksandr, 133 Vilkha MLRS systems, 229 Vilnius, Lithuania, 38 virtual great power status, 30, 71, 305, 344 Visa, 313 Vityaz-353 missile system, 389 VKS fixed-wing jets, 129 Vladivostok, Russia, 43, 267, 306, 339 Vnesheconombank, 375 Vodolatsky, Viktor, 96 Voenkor Kotenok, 223, 384 Volfovich, Alexander, 297 Volhynia, 127 Volobuyev, Igor, 184 Volodin, Vyacheslav, 62, 95, 111, 122, 128, 170-71, 181, 338 Voloshyn, Oleg, 100 Von der Leyen, Ursula, 157, 175-6 Voronezh, Russia, 94, 230, 249 Vostok Battalion, 223 Vostok military drills (2022), 310, 321 Vovk, Natalia, 221-2 Voyenni Osvedomitel,
327 Voznesensk, Ukraine, 139 Vsevolod Bobrov, 137, 200 VTB, 112, 141, 287 Vucic, Alexander, 290, 292, 293-4 Vuhledar power plant, Donetsk, 192 Vyborny, Anatoly, 279 Vzglyad, 371 Wagner Centre, St. Petersburg, 403 Wagner Group, 31, 60, 90, 131-2, 192, 231, 235-6, 402-3 in Africa, 12, 70, 80, 136 in Belarus, 12, 90 Bucha massacre (2022), 161 in Central African Republic, 80, 369 Donbas offensive (2022-3), 29, 131-2, 156, 192, 270, 383 Donbas War (2014-22), 54 in Kazakhstan, 12 in Kyrgyzstan, 304 581
INDEX in Libya, 369 Luhansk, defence of, 257, 390 in Mali, 369-70 neo-Nazis in, 124 North Korean arms purchases, 333 Nuzhin execution (2022), 403 partial mobilisation (2022), 235-6 Poland and, 278 Prigozhin and, 23, 192, 235-7, 369, 383, 385, 402-3 in Serbia, 291-2 as ‘shock troops’, 383 in Sudan, 12, 369 in Syria, 29, 80, 235, 237, 358 Sytii assassination attempt (2022), 403 on Telegram, 231, 251 Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 251,257, 390 in Uzbekistan, 304 Zelensky assassination attempts (2022), 136 Wahhabism, 243 Wall Street Journal, 52, 210, 262 Wand-Danielsson, Veronika, 279, 281 Wang Wenbin, 312 WangYi, 307, 314 Waqqaf, Ammar, 359 war crimes, 113, 140, 152, 157-66 Bucha massacre, see Bucha massacre cultural genocide, 121, 158-60, 165 disinformation on, 166-74 in Donetsk, 157-8, 193-6 filtration camps, 158-9, 173, 174 Izyum massacre, 230-31 Kramatorsk attack, 158, 166, 168-9, 177 Olenivka Prison massacre, 194-5 Warsaw Pact, 10, 11 Warsaw Summit (2016), 274 Washington Post, The, 7 water supplies, 78, 172, 187, 247, 254, 396, 397 582 ‘We are Together with Russia’, 247 ‘We Don’t Care About the Price!’ slogan, 248 Weak Strongman (Frye), 7 weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 118-21 Wei Fenghe, 80, 313 Western Balkans, 289-94 Western Military District, 188 Western self-image, 9 wheat, 203-5, 208, 258, 260, 320, 329 White Russians, 346 Wickremesinghe, Ranil, 330 Winninc Electronic, 313 Winter Olympics 2014 Sochi, 51-2 2022 Beijing, 312 Winter War (1939-40), 185 World Bank, 300 World Defence Show, 360 World Food Programme (WFP), 204, 258 World Jetta, 313 World War I
(1914-18), 103, Ш, 384 World War II (1939-45), 15, 31, 125 Battle of Kursk (1943), 185, 386 Battle of Kyiv (1943), 154 Battle of Stalingrad (1942-3), 236 conscription, 234 Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings (1945), 93 Holocaust (1941-5), 122, 125, 144, 352-3 Kazakhstan in, 303 Mariupol occupation (1941-3), 158 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 47 Nazi collaborators, 42, 103, 125-6, 352 Potsdam Conference (1945), 122 prisoners of war (POWs), 173-4 Siege of Sevastopol (1941-2), 145 UNSC and, 339 Victory Day, 151-2, 153, 185
INDEX Winter War (1939-40), 185 Yugoslavia in, 289-90 World War III, potential for, 2, 180, 220, 375 Xi Jinping, 112, 305,307,314,315 Xinhua, 69 Xinjiang, 311 Yabloko, 52, 346 Yak-130 ground attack aircraft, 334 Yakovlev, Petr, 374 Yamal-Europe, 261 Yampol, Donetsk, 250 Yan Xuetong, 315 Yandex, 83 Yanev, Stefan, 283 Yanukovych, Viktor, 8, 13, 14, 33-42, 44, 46, 49, 75,84, 137 Yarosh, Dmytro, 58, 83 Yarovaya, Irina, 59, 127 Yarovsky training ground, Lviv, 88 Yashin, Ilya, 52 Yatsenyuk, Arseniy, 34, 59, 101 Yavlinsky, Grigory, 39 Yekaterinburg, Russia, 235, 242 Yellen, Janet, 163 Yeltsin, Boris, 12, 23-4, 25, 145 Yemen, 70, 163, 178, 205, 324, 361 Yerevan, Armenia, 299 Yermak, Andriy, 211, 223, 250, 350, 353 Yevpatoria, Crimea, 256 Yoon Suk-yeol, 340 YPG (Yekîneyên Parastina Gel), 359 yuan, 308, 309, 312, 320-21 Yugoslavia (1918-92), 63, 289, 311 Yuschenko, Ihor, 161 Yushchenko, Viktor, 6, 14, 35, 39, 48, 64, 126 Yusin, Maxim, 252 Z symbol, 144, 145, 184, 208, 210, 291, 356 Zabuchchya, Kyiv, 157 Zagorodnyuk, Andriy, 99, 132, 251 Zaitseve, Donetsk, 257 Zakharchenko, Alexander, 55, 56, 83, 85 Zakharova, Maria, 145, 222, 275, 289, 293, 353, 397 Zakhilwal, Omar, 336 Zalishchuk, Svitlana, 78 Zaluzhny, Valery, 97, 227-8, 230, 392 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine Donbas War (2014-22), 15 fortification of, 386, 394 grain production, 207 nuclear plant crisis (2022), 31, 183, 188, 210-16, 226, 247, 253, 255, 262, 278, 408 Russian annexation (2022), 226, 245, 247, 252, 265, 290, 292-3, 333, 362, 365, 372 Russian offensive (2022), 2, 138, 139, 153, 183, 188 Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686), 102
Ukrainian counter-offensive (2022), 31, 198, 199, 390 Zarubezhneft, 267 Zatoka, Ukraine, 139 Zatulin, Konstantin, 48, 61, 110, 263, 300, 303 Zaw Min Tun, 334 Zelenska, Olena, 399 Zelensky, Volodymyr, 1, 84-9 assassination attempts on, 113,1357 Azerbaijan, relations with, 301 Bakhmut visit (2022), 383 Battle of Lyman (2022), 251 Brazil, relations with, 375 Brinkmanship Crisis (2021), 97 Bucha massacre uncovering (2022), 157 civilian infrastructure attacks, views on, 396, 398—9 583
INDEX constitutional amendment (2019), 87 counter-offensive (2022), 197, 200, 202-3, 225, 227 coup plots against, 113, 132-3 Crimea, views on, 220, 390 Crimean Platform Initiative, 95-6 de-oligarchisation, 100-102, 170-71 Donbas peace proposals (2019), 85 drones, comments on, 398 EU, relations with, 86, 87 Georgia, relations with, 287 India, relations with, 317 Israel, relations with, 350, 353, 355 Japan, relations with, 339 Jewish heritage, 122 Kherson visit (2022), 225 Kyiv strikes (2022), 254 Medvedchuk, relationship with, 100101, 385 Mercosur summit snub (2022), 29, 372 Munich Security Conference (2022), 118 NATO, relations with, 5,87-8,24950 Nazism conspiracy theories and, 1223 no-fly zone proposals, 129 Nova Kakhovka warning (2022), 255 Odesa visit (2022), 209-10 Olenivka Prison Massacre (2022), 194 Orban, relationship with, 272 partial mobilisation (2022), 238-40 peace talks (2022), 146-7 presidential elections (2019), 84-5 Putin, relationship with, 85, 104 Qatar, relations with, 362-3 rape, statement on, 158 584 ‘Rashism’, popularisation of, 26 Romania visit (2022), 283 Russian influence, crackdown on (2021), 88-9 Russian invasion (2022), 111-12, 113, 122 Snake Island liberation (2022), 200 T-72 tanks request (2022), 177 UNSC and, 163 U.S. Congress address (2022), 391 Steinmeier formula (2019), 86-7 WMD assertions, 118-21 Zaporizhzhia nuclear plant crisis (2022), 215-16 Zeman, Milos, 267-8 Zemin, Eduard, 205 Zhang Jun, 307 Zhao Lijian, 311 Zhaparov, Sadyr, 303 Zhdanov, Yuri, 126 Zhibek Zholy, 349 Zhidko, Gennady, 191 Zhirinovsky, Vladimir, 21, 47, 76 Zhuchkovsky,
Alexander, 173 Zhudov, Artyom, 47 Zhukov, Georgy, 125 Zibakalam, Sadegh, 324 Zibur, 267 ZIK, 88 Zimbabwe, 45, 70 Ziraat, 348 Zolfaghar missile systems, 328 Zolote, Luhansk, 86 Zourabichvili, Salome, 287 ZSH1 artillery shells, 168 Zubov, Andrei, 26, 53 Zuganov, Gennady, 55-6, 110, 122, 144-5,233 Zvezda, 166 Zyabrovka airfield, Belarus, 220 Zyryanov, Vladimir, 208 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Ramani, Samuel |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1209904187 |
| author_facet | Ramani, Samuel |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Ramani, Samuel |
| author_variant | s r sr |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047909864 |
| classification_rvk | MG 82094 ML 7264 ML 6700 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1376414314 (DE-599)BVBBV047909864 |
| discipline | Politologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV047909864 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T19:31:01Z |
| indexdate | 2024-08-21T00:51:50Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781787388512 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-033291657 |
| oclc_num | 1376414314 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-739 DE-706 DE-521 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-739 DE-706 DE-521 DE-12 |
| physical | v, 584 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20230426 |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateSearch | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
| publisher | Hurst & Company |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ramani, Samuel Verfasser (DE-588)1209904187 aut Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution Samuel Ramani London Hurst & Company 2023 v, 584 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Russisch-Ukrainischer Krieg (DE-588)106969780X gnd rswk-swf Russisch-Ukrainischer Krieg (DE-588)106969780X s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-80526-003-5 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033291657&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033291657&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Ramani, Samuel Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution Russisch-Ukrainischer Krieg (DE-588)106969780X gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)106969780X |
| title | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution |
| title_auth | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution |
| title_exact_search | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution |
| title_full | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution Samuel Ramani |
| title_fullStr | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution Samuel Ramani |
| title_full_unstemmed | Putin's war on Ukraine Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution Samuel Ramani |
| title_short | Putin's war on Ukraine |
| title_sort | putin s war on ukraine russia s campaign for global counter revolution |
| title_sub | Russia's campaign for global counter-revolution |
| topic | Russisch-Ukrainischer Krieg (DE-588)106969780X gnd |
| topic_facet | Russisch-Ukrainischer Krieg |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033291657&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033291657&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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