Russia upside down: an exit strategy for the second Cold War
"US sanctions have crippled Russia's economy, and Russia's interventions have exacerbated political problems in America. The old paradigm of America as the free capitalist good guys, fighting Russia, the repressive communist bad guys doesn't apply anymore. Joe Weisberg examines A...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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New York
PublicAffairs
September 2021
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| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "US sanctions have crippled Russia's economy, and Russia's interventions have exacerbated political problems in America. The old paradigm of America as the free capitalist good guys, fighting Russia, the repressive communist bad guys doesn't apply anymore. Joe Weisberg examines American policy and attempts to understand what Russia truly wants. Russia Upside Down suggests that we are fighting an enemy with whom we have few if any serious conflicts of interest, and our approach is not working. With our own political system in peril and continually buffeted by Russian attacks, Russia Upside Down lays out a new framework for our relationship with Russia at a time when it is badly needed"-- |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | vii, 342 Seiten 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781541768628 |
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a Home -- Always -- Therapy -- Cherkashin -- Evil empire -- Eight things I misunderstood about the Soviet Union -- Society and me -- Five things to reconsider about modern-day Russia -- Our part -- Their part -- Policy in a strange new world -- Letting go of espionage -- What they should do -- Conclusion: Politics and personality or, am I upside down? | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "US sanctions have crippled Russia's economy, and Russia's interventions have exacerbated political problems in America. The old paradigm of America as the free capitalist good guys, fighting Russia, the repressive communist bad guys doesn't apply anymore. Joe Weisberg examines American policy and attempts to understand what Russia truly wants. Russia Upside Down suggests that we are fighting an enemy with whom we have few if any serious conflicts of interest, and our approach is not working. With our own political system in peril and continually buffeted by Russian attacks, Russia Upside Down lays out a new framework for our relationship with Russia at a time when it is badly needed"-- | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS A Note on the Soviet Union/Russia Problem Introduction vii 1 HOW 1 GOT THIS WAY Home 7 Away 14 Therapy 24 Cherkashin 30 Evil Empire 33 THROUGH THE FOG, I SEE A COUNTRY Eight Things I Misunderstood About the Soviet Union 39 Society and Me 157 ENEMIES, AND REPEAT Five Things to Reconsider About Modern-Day Russia 171 Our Part 237 v
CONTENTS VI Their Part 248 WHAT WE SHOULD DO Policy in a Strange New World 257 Letting Go of Espionage 268 What They Should Do 277 Conclusion: Politics and Personality or, Am / Upside Down? 281 Epilogue 300 Acknowledgments 307 Annotated Bibliography 311 Index 329
INDEX ABM (Anti-Ballistic Missile) Treaty, 243, 266 Abrams, Jeremiah, 295 ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), 10 Adams, Christopher S., Jr., 238 Afgantsy (Braithwaite), 100, 104 Afghanistan American war in, 235, 236 Brezhnev and invasion of, 95 CIA’s covert war in, 22 grain embargo to protest Soviet invasion of, 239-240 KGB’s targeted killings in, 54 Soviet war in, 103-107 Afghan Task Force, CIA’s, 103—104 aggression, countries’ internal or external outlets for, 35—36 AIDS virus, Soviets blaming United States for, 250, 254 Albats, Yevgenia, 46—48, 60—61, 62 Alibek, Ken, 45-46, 47, 48 All the Kremlin ’s Men (Zygar), 117 American diplomats, Soviet harassment of, 251-252 American embassy in Moscow, Soviets riddling with listening devices, 251 American leaders, lies told by, 196-197 The Americans (television series), 54, 104, 138, 139, 161, 162 Ames, Aldrich, 30, 274, 275, 276 Amnesty International, 260 Anastaplo, George, 9 Andropov, Yuri, 55, 93, 94 anti-corruption drive and, 43 background of, 98-99, 101 dissidents and, 152, 153 as leader, 96—99, 101, 302 Operation RYAN and, 97 what kind of person he was, 102-103 anti-corruption drive in Soviet Union, KGB and, 43 antimissile defenses, suggestions United States remove Eastern European, 266 anti-Semites, author’s argument that Soviet Union less anti-Semitic and, 290-291 anti-Semitism, state, 65 anti-Semitism in Soviet Union, 65-87 versus American anti-Semitism, 85-87 careers open to Jews and, 82-83 discrimination in higher education and, 81-82 history of Jews in, 65-78 Khrushchev and, 74-75 media and, 72-73 popular anti-
Semitism, 83-85 refuseniks and, 75-78 329
330 INDEX anti-Semitism in Soviet Union (icontinued) Second World War and, 70-72 Stalin and, 69-70, 71-72, 73 apartment bombings, 187 Putin and, 174-179 Applebaum, Anne, 109, 145 Arendt, Hannah, 133 Armenia, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Article 50, of Soviet Constitution, dissidentsand, 149 assimilationist goals of Soviet ideology, 78—81 Baltic republics, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Banac, Ivo, 14 beliefs, sources of, 290 Bellingcat (website), 188 Bernstein, Jerome S., 296 The Billion DoUar Spy (Hoffman), 273 binary thinking, 295, 297—298, 299 Biohazard (Alibek), 45—46 biological weapons, illegal assembly in Soviet Union, 250 Biological Weapons Convention, 250 Biopreparat, 46 Birobidzhan, 69, 79, 82 Black Earth (Snyder), 70 Bloodlands (Snyder), 71 Bogoslaw, Lany, 208, 211 Bolsheviks attitude toward the law, 140-141 collectivization and, 114 Jewish support for, 67-68 Stalin and, 110—111 Bond books (Fleming), 12, 31 border troops, KGB, 44 Bosnia, American military actions in, 235 Boston Marathon bombing, conspiracy theories, 230 Braithwaite, Rodric, 100, 104, 105, 106 Brandt, Willy, 95 Brechenmacher, Saskia, 216-217, 220, 221 Brezhnev, Leonid, 55, 78, 93 background of, 101 discussion of what happened under Stalin, 136 as leader, 94—96, 101 what kind of person was, 102—103 bribery, in Soviet Union, 42, 146 Britain, Stalin reaching out to, 123 Bukovsky, Vladimir, 91 Bundy, McGeorge, 272 Bush, George H. W., 177, 262 Bush, George W., 191,203, 243 careers open to Soviet Jews, 82-83 Carnegie Institute, 216, 217 Carr, E.
H., 160 Cartwright, Samuel A., 154 Castro, Fidel, 287-288 Central Asian republics, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 89 Chechen militants apartment bombings and, 176, 178-179 murder of Nemtsov and, 186 murder of Politkovskaya and, 183-184 terrorist acts of, 176 Chechnya, Russian war in, 234, 236 Cheb, 67-68, 141, 142 Chekhov, Anton, 11 Cherkashin, Victor, 30-31, 41, 44, 106, 161 Chernenko, Konstantin, 55, 93, 94 background of, 101 as leader, 99-101 what kind of person was, 102—103 Chödrön, Perna, 299 Chubais, Anatoly, 225 Churchill, Winston, 112 CIA Afghan Task Force, 103-104 arming Mujahideen, 240
INDEX author’s disposition toward secret life and joining, 26—27 author’s experience in and current skepticism about espionage, 269-272 author’s training in, 20-23 Cold War spies, 272-274 foreign espionage and, 60 KGB compared to, 57-60 9/11 and, 177 personality type hired for, 30 recruitment of Soviet spies, 275-276 Soviets stealing computer chips and software and, 241-242 Vietnam War and, 54 civil disputes in Soviet Union, 146-147 civil rights movement, American, 225 civil society defined, 217 lack of in Soviet Union, 217-218 problems with in Russia, 216—222 “Civil Society Under Assault” (Brechenmacher), 216-217, 220 “class enemies,” 116 Clinton, Bill, 101, 262 Clinton, Hillary, 204 Clover, Charles, 198 Cohen, Stephen, 87-88, 90, 131, 132,136, 160-161, 301 Cold War, 1,3 Gorbachev and end of, 304 intense American fear and hatred of Soviet Union during, 39 justification of, 35-36 as product of misperceptions, 3, 35-36, 39-40, 257 propaganda and, 211 proselytizing instincts about democracy and communism and, 156 restrained mutual attacks during, 253 second cold war, 1-2, 3—4, 166, 265-267, 294 331 Soviets in Afghanistan and, 104—105 spies in, 272—276 collective trauma, Stalin’s reign and, 136 collectivization effects of Stalin’s, 112-115, 119, 120 Native Americans and, 114-115 college, author’s coursework at, 14-15 Comintern, 155 Commentary (magazines), 7-8 communism, Soviet Union and idea of world communist domination, 154-156, 251 Communist Party, Stalin and purges of, 110-111 Confederate flag, 131 Conquest, Robert, 69, 83, 114 conservatives denigration of liberals, 298,
299 Trump presidency and, 298 conspiracy theories, 178, 242, 289 about 9/11, 177, 230 apartment bombings and, 176—177, 178 RT and, 211,230 corporations, power of, 61-62 corruption in Russia, 172, 179, 182, 191, 194, 211,213, 223, 226-228 in Soviet Union, 42, 43—44, 97-98, 110, 300 counterintelligence, 274—275 counterintuitive thinking affecting judgment, 282-283 counterterrorism operations, 60 Crimea, Russian annexation of, 196, 215, 235, 236, 245, 246 Cuban Missile Crisis, 239, 250, 272 cyberattacks American attacks on Russian infrastructure, 244—245 Russian attacks on American infrastructure, 252 Dallin, Alexander, 160 Davies, Robert, 109
332 INDEX The Day After (television miniseries), 164 democracy, American goal of spreading, 155-156, 242-243 demonstration trials, Soviet, 144 détente, Brezhnev as driver of, 95 Deutscher, Isaac, 160 Dickens, Charles, 11 dictators, attitudes toward, 286—288 Diederich, Bernard, 288 Direct Line (call-in show), 199 dissidents Andropov and, 98 KGB and, 50-53,153 Soviet and Russian attitudes about, 91-92 Soviet legal system and, 149—153 support for survival of Soviet state, 90-91 trials of, 152 ‘Doctors’ Plot,’ 72-73, 74 Don’t Bite the Hook (Chödrön), 299 Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 11 economic sanctions, against Russia, 205,245-246, 266-267 elections Americans who have lost faith in, 292 in Russia, 222-225 enemy, Soviet Union and author’s need to have, 33, 34 espionage author’s experience in CIA and skepticism about, 269-272 CIA and, 60 Cold War spies, 272-276 counterintelligence, 274-275 formula for what would make valuable, 271 letting go of, 268-276 “Espionage and the Cold War” (Scott), 272 Estonia, in NATO, 243, 244 European Union, Russian antipathy towards, 279 executions, in Soviet Union, 139-140 famine, Stalin and, 109, 113-114 Farewell: The Greatest Spy Story ofthe Twentieth Century (Kostin and Raynaud), 138, 139 far-right political parties, Russian support of European, 279 father, illness and death of author’s, 24-25, 28 FBI, 9/11 and, 177 Federal Security Service (FSB) apartment bombings and, 174-179 Navalny poisoning and, 188 terrorist attack at Moscow theater and, 187 Federation Global Initiative on Psychiatry, 215 Fitzpatrick, Sheila, 109, 114, 134, 140 Fleming, Ian, 11,
12 “foreign agents,” organizations labeled as in Russia, 219, 220 foreign espionage, number of KGB employees in, 44 Fox News, 209, 230, 233 freedom in contemporary Russia, 206-212 freedom of expression and freedom of the press, 207-212 From Russia with Love (Fleming), 11 The Future Is History (Gessen), 125, 133 Galeotti, Mark, 221-222 Garthoff, Raymond L., 272 Geneva Summit (1985), 163-164 genocide, Stalin’s crimes and, 115, 116 Georgia referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Russian war in, 235 Gessen, Masha, 79, 84, 125, 133 Getting to Know the General (Greene), 287 Getty, J. Arch, 110 Giuliani, Rudy, 230
INDEX Gogol, Nikolai, 11 Golos, 219 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 17-18, 20, 55 Andropov’s support for, 99 assessment of leadership, 303-305 background of, 101 changing view of United States, 163-164 collapse of Soviet Union and, 300-301, 304-305 decline in Soviet military spending under, 303 discussion of what happened under Stalin, 136 dissidents and, 91 Jewish emigration under, 78 KGB and, 61 legacy of, 304-305 referendum on union, 88 rejection of use of violence, 304-305 Soviet society grappling with Stalin’s legacy under, 131, 306 structural problems of Soviet economy and, 136 unpopularity of, 90, 91 Gorky, Maxim, 68 grain embargo against Soviet Union, 239-240 grassroots activism, in contemporary Russia, 221-222 The Great Fear (Harris), 111 Great Terror, 108-110 Greene, Graham, 286-287, 288 grief, 24—25 Grossman, Vasily, 73-74 groupthink, 283 Gulag: A History (Applebaum), 109 The ՇսևչArchipelago (Solzhenitsyn), 63, 83-84, 143 Gulag system, 108, 125, 136, 143-146, 259 Gumilev, Lev, 198 Haiti, American military actions in, 235 Hanssen, Robert, 30, 274, 275, 276 333 harassment of Soviet Union by American military aircraft, 238-239 Harre, Rom, 152-153 Harris, James, 111-112 Hazanov, Alex, 55-56, 76-77 Helsinki Accords, Soviet signing of, 149-150 Hitler, Adolf, 112, 121, 122-123 Hoffman, David E., 273 Holocaust, Soviet Union and, 70, 71 holocaust, Stalin and possible Soviet, 115-116 homosexuality, laws about in contemporary Russia, 215-216 Howard, Edward Lee, 274 Human Rights Center Memorial, 219 Human Rights Watch, 220, 260 industrialization, Stalin and, 119-120, 121 INF
(intermediate-range nuclear forces) treaty, 266 information, acquisition of in Russia, 211 informers, KGB’s network of, 45, 46-50, 53 inducements for, 46 number of, 47, 48—49 Insight Meditation, 297, 299 International Republican Institute, 219 Iraq, American war in, 235, 236, 262 isolationism, 259 Israel, author’s view of, 12-13 Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, 72 Jewish Autonomous Region, 69 The Jewish Century (Slezkine), 67 Jewish Defense League, 249 Jews in Soviet Union, 19-20 assimilation goals of Soviet state and, 78-81 history of, 65-78 in KGB, 64
334 INDEX Jews in Soviet Union (continued) petitioning to emigrate to Israel from Soviet Union, 75 {see aho refuseniks) Stalin and, 65—66 state use of, 68 See aho anti-Semitism in Soviet Union journalists, Putin allegedly ordering murder of, 182-185 Jung, Carl, 284,285, 295, 297 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 184, 186 KAL 007, Soviets shooting down, 251, 276 Kalinovsky, Artemy, 82 Kamenev, Lev, 69, 70, 110 Kasparov, Garry, 197 Kara-Murza, Vladimir, 187-188 Kazemzadeh, Firuz, 18 Kendi, ibram X., 154 Kennedy, John F., 191, 272 KGB Andropov and, 96-98 author’s belief could have joined if lived in Soviet Union, 63-64 Cherkashin’s description of colleagues in, 30-31 CIA discussing whether should try to destroy, 21 compared to CIA, 57-60 as complex bureaucracy, 40, 41-64 damage done directed at Soviet people, 60 dissidents and, 50-53, 153 incorruptibility of, 42—44 local chiefs’ abuse of authority, 42-43 officers’ range of feelings about their work, 53—54 permissiveness with Western visitors, 55-56 portrayal of in The Americans, 161 power base of, 62 Putin and, 194 refuseniks and, 20, 32, 76-77 spying on Soviet population and, 44-53 targeted killings abroad, 54 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 185 Khrushchev, Nikita anti-Semitism of, 74-75 background of, 101 brutality of, 102 grappling with Stalin’s legacy and, 131, 136 ouster of, 15, 61 retreat from Stalin’s means of governing, 136 viewed as man of the people, 94 Kim II Sung, 249 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 191 Klapsis, Antonis, 279 kleptocracy, Russia not primarily, 225-229 Komsomol, 161, 217 Korean War, Soviets starting and arming North Korean
soldiers, 249-250 Kosovo, American military actions in, 235 Kostin, Sergei, 138, 139 Kotkin, Stephen, 110, 114, 126, 127, 192, 198, 300 Kovtun, Dmitri, 180 Ku Klux Klan, 85-86 kulaks, 112, 113, 116 Latvia, in NATO, 243, 244 lawlessness, Putin and control of, 172-173 Le Carré, John, 12, 31 legal system, Soviet. See Soviet legal system Lenin, Vladimir, 17, 135 brutality of, 15, 61, 102 as ideological father of Soviet Union, 119 New Economic Policy and, 68, 118 Stalin compared to, 127 Lenin’s Tomb (Remnick), 97 Leonhard, Wolfgang, 14-15, 17, 18, 143
INDEX Levada, Yuri, 200 Levada Center, 200—201 Lewin, Moshe, 160 Liberal Democratic Party (Russian), 180 liberal intelligentsia, Russian, 212—213 liberals, American need to examine own selfrighteousness, 298-299 Trump presidency and, 298 Libya, American military actions in, 235 Life and Fate (Grossman), 73—74 Lincoln, Abraham, 101, 304 Lithuania, in NATO, 243, 244 Litvinenko, Alexander, 179-180, 181 Litvinov, Maxim, 70 Lomb, Samantha, 147, 148 Lugovoi, Andrei, 180 Lukoil, 221 Luzhkov, Yury, 117 Malaysian Airlines passenger plane, shootdown of, 196 Mankoff, Jeffrey, 245 Mao, 117-118 Márquez, Gabriel Garcia, 287 Martin, Terry, 80 Marx, Karl, 119 Marxism as guiding principle for Soviet Union, 140 spreading communism worldwide as goal in, 154-155 mass incarceration in Soviet Union, 259 (see ako Gulag system) in United States, 202, 225, 259 Masterpiece Theatre (television program), 10 media American, on Putin, 191—192, 203 anti-Semitism of Soviet, 72-73 freedom of, in contemporary Russia, 207-212 Putin allegedly ordering murder of journalists, 182-185 335 Russian print, 210 See ako RT network; television Medvedev, Dmitry, 192, 212 Meeting the Shadow (Zweig and Abrams), 295 Meir, Goldą, 72 Menshov, Vladimir, 163, 164—165 meritocracy, American and Soviet, 101 Merkel, Angela, 196 Michael, Robert, 85, 86 mid-life reassessment, political views and, 284-285 military actions American, 235—236 Russian, 235 Moldova, 89 moles, 30 moral equivalence, 57-58 Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears (film), 163, 164—165 Mujahideen, U.S. support for, 106, 196, 240-241,253, 254 Museum of the History of
the Gulag, 131 National Democratic Institute, 219 National Endowment for Democracy, 219 national minorities, Soviet feelings about, 79-81 National Security Decision Directive (NSDD) 75, 205-206 Native Americans, collectivization and, 114-115 NATO (North Adantic Treaty Organization) expansion of, 205, 243-244, 262 missile shield, 243, 266 Russian antipathy toward, 279 Navalny, Alexei government response to, 185, 213-214 information acquisition by, 211 poisoning of, 188-189 Navalny, Oleg, 213 Nemtsov, Boris, 184, 186, 190 New Economic Policy, 68, 118
336 INDEX Newlin, Cyrus, 245 The New Republic (magazine), 7 Newsweek (magazine), 19, 20, 31 The New York Review ofBooks (periodical), 7, 8, 286 9/11, conspiracy theories about, 177, 230 Nixon, Richard, 95 NKVD, 42, 44-45, 59, 61, 63,142 nomenkUtura, 43, 101, 301 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Russia, 218-222 standing up for victims of state repression, 260 Novichok agent, 180-181, 188 nuclear missiles ABM Treaty, 243 American deployment in Turkey, 239 Obama, Barack, 262 offenders petty, 141-142 political criminals, 142, 145 OGPU (Joint State Political Directorate), 142 oligarchy, Russia not primarily, 225-229 Operation RYAN, 97 opposition, Russian, suggestion that consider opening up to, 280. See aho dissidents organized crime, Russian, 171-172 Orlov, Yuri, 91 Palestinians, 13 Panama Papers, 204 peasants collectivization and, 112—115 Stalin and elevation out of poverty, 127-128, 129 Penkovsky, Oleg, 272-273, 273-274 People (magazine), 17-18 People’s Commissariat for Justice, 141 Perm, 221 personality, political views and. See politics and personality Phoenix Program, 54 pogroms, 66, 67, 68 Poland in NATO, 243,244 Soviet plan to intervene militarily in, 95-97 policy suggestions, 257-267 being open to collaboration with imperfect leaders and nations, 260-261 helping victims of repression, 260 letting go of espionage, 268-276 for new policy toward Russia, 265-267 for Russia, 277-280 Politburo, 94, 95-96,104,106, 199 political conduct, criminalization of free, in Soviet Union, 148-153 political consciousness, author’s early, 12-13 political criminals, 142, 145
political elite, corruption and, 227 political killings Putin and, 185-191 Stalin and, 102 in United States, 191 political opponents, Putin and alleged assassination of, 185-190 politics author’s parents’, 7-9 emotional base of, 28 judging versus not judging in, 291-292 politics and personality, 281-299 author could be having mid-life reassessment, 284—285 author may be prone to grandiose thinking, 289 author might have unconscious soft spot for dictators, 286—288 author’s impulse to be counterintuitive thinker could be warping judgment, 282-283 desire to identify with people author sees as misunderstood could be warping judgment, 283-284
INDEX requirements of self-aware politics, 289-290 shadow self and, 295-296 therapy and, 295 Politkovskaya, Anna, 182-184 popular anti-Semitism in Soviet Union, 83—85 “Popular Attitudes in the Soviet Union Towards Their Government” (Weisberg), 18 poverty, in United States, 202 Power and Politics (Bernstein), 296 Powers, Francis Gary, 237 Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights, 220 press, freedom of, in contemporary Russia, 207-212 print media in Russia, 210 prisoner labor, Soviet use of, 137 prisons, Soviet, 142, 145, 149 propaganda Radio Liberty and Voice of America compared to RT, 232-233 RT network and, 229-234 Russian use of social media, 252-253 Soviet attack on American social fabric with, 248-249 protests against Putin, 212-213, 218 psychiatric evaluations, Soviet courts ordering, 153-154 psychiatric prisons, 149 psychiatry, punitive, used against Russian journalists and opposition figures, 215 Public Chamber, 220 public debate, in Russia, 207-208, 212 Public Verdict Foundation, 219 Pussy Riot (band), 196, 197, 214 Putin, Vladimir, 78 alleged assassination of former spies/traitors, 179—182 alleged order of murder of journalists, 182-185 alleged orders of assassination of political opponents, 185-190 337 as all-powerfiil, 199-206 apartment bombings and, 174-179 approval figures, 223 assassinations of Russians and, 173-191 boorishness and lying, 195-199 civil society and, 218—219, 221 on collapse of Soviet Union, 306 corruption and, 227 culture of political violence and, 190-191 giving up on the West, 208 interference in 2016 U.S. presidential election
and, 204 interviews with Western journalists, 198-199 on membership in KGB, 42 misconceptions about, 171-206 missing opportunity for collaboration with, 260-261, 266 motivation of, 191-195 on murder of Nemtsov, 190 on murder of Politkovskaya, 182-183, 184 protests against, 212-213, 218 reassertion of government authority and, 172-173 relation to Russian billionaires, 228 on Stalin, 117 treatment of the opposition, 212-213 Trump and, 263 The Putin Interviews (Stone), 198-199 racial tensions, American, 293 racism, American, 225 Radio Free Europe, 18-19, 233 Radio Liberty, 18-19, 232-233 Raynaud, Eric, 138, 139 reading, author and, 11-12 Reagan, Ronald attitude toward Soviet Union as evil empire, 14, 16 blowing up Trans-Siberian gas pipeline and, 241
338 INDEX Reagan, Ronald (continued ) changing view of Soviet Union, 163-165 covert actions against Soviets, 253 military build-up and collapse of Soviet Union and, 302—303 Mujahideen and, 106 National Security Decision Directive 75, 205-206 Red Dawn (Am), 155, 163 RedFkg Unfiirled (Suny), 158 refuseniks, 66, 75-78 author’s meeting with, 19—20, 31-32, 55, 77-78,161 KGB and, 20, 32, 76-77 Soviet treatment of, 77-78 “reliable person,” cooperator with KGB, 47-49 Remnick, David, 97 repression in Russia, 206—225 civil society problems, 216—222 elections, 222-225 freedom of expression and freedom of the press, 207-212 helping victims of, 260 laws about homosexuality, 215-216 treatment of the opposition, 212-215 Rethinking the Soviet Experience (Cohen), 87, 160-161 Roberts, Geoffrey, 122,123, 124 Rocky and Bullwinkk (cartoon series), 163 Rocky IV(film), 163 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 86 Roosevelt, Theodore, 85 Rose, Charlie, 42, 198 RT network, 229-234 compared to Radio Liberty and Voice of America, 232—233 lies in reporting, 230-231 registered as foreign agent in United States, 232 reporting on America’s social problems and politics, 230 Rubenstein, Joshua, 72 Rubio, Marco, 42 Russia anti-Semitism in, 66, 67 attacks on American society, 293-294 desire to be left alone, 257—258 early U.S. relationship with after collapse of Soviet Union, 1 hostile actions toward United States, 252-254 hostile American actions toward, 243-247 level of freedom in contemporary, 171 level of repression and freedom in (see repression in Russia) military intervention in Syria, 193-194 misconceptions
about, 171-172 new paradigm for, 2 not primarily a kleptocracy or an oligarchy, 225-229 policy suggestions for, 277-280 suggestions for new policy toward, 265-267 Trump’s actions and, 262-264 U.S. sanctions against, 205, 266—267 wars, 234—236 Western threats against, 204—205, 206 Russian federal regions, 192—193 Russian federal “subjects,” 199 Russian nationalist movement, anti-Semitism and, 72 Russian Revolution, brutality of, 61 Sakharov, Andrei, 91 sanctions against Russia, U.S., 205, 245-246 suggestion to remove, 266-267 satellite surveillance, 269 Schweizer, Peter, 238, 239 scientific research institutes, KGB’s, 44 Scott, Len, 272 Second Chechen War, 174, 195 second cold war, 1-2, 3-4, 166, 294 suggestions for ending, 265-267
INDEX Second World War Soviet anti-Semitism and, 70-72 Stalin and, 109-110, 117, 119, 121-125 “Security Awareness Poster Competition,” 22 Seleznyov, Gennadiy, 175 self, Soviet conception of, 152-153 self-aware politics, 2-3, 28 American strengths and problems, 258-259 examining where beliefs come from and, 40-41 as lifelong effort, 281 reassessing and, 285 requirements of, 289-290 taking responsibility for own actions, 275 self-censorship, 159-160 self-righteousness, American, 258 shadow self, 295-296 Shantideva, 299 Shchekochikhin, Yuri, 187 Shershnev, Leonid, 100 show trials, Soviet, 143—146 Simonyan, Margarita, 230-231 Škripal, Sergei, 180-181, 188, 189, 196, 197, 230 Škripal, Yulia, 180, 230 slavery in United States, 128-130 American struggle to understand legacy of, 131, 132 Slezkine, Yuri, 67 Slovakia, in NATO, 243-244 Smith, Ben, 211 Snowden, Edward, 262 Snyder, Timothy, 70, 71, 197-198 social media, Russian use of to attack and undermine American society, 252-253 Solidarity movement, 95, 96 Solomon, Peter H., 140, 144 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 63, 83-84, 91, 143 Somalia, American military actions in, 235 339 Soviet-American relationship, as political manifestation of shadow self, 296 Soviet Constitution, 147 Soviet elite, collapse of Soviet Union and, 300-301 Soviet émigrés, shaping American perception of Soviet Union, 158- 159. See abo refhseniks Soviet leadership after Stalin, 93-103 brutality of, 102 meritocracy and, 101 worldview of, 51, 53 Soviet legal system, 137-154 Bolshevik legal system, 141 citizen influence over, 147-148 civil disputes, 146-147
criminalization of free political conduct, 148-153 dissidents and, 149-153 political criminals, 142 pretrial investigations, 151-152 prisons, 142,145,149 psychiatric evaluations, 153-154 show trials and Gulag system, 143-146 Soviet Union American view of as evil empire, 14, 16, 296 anti-Semitism in {see anti-Semitism in Soviet Union) assimilationist goals of, 78—81 author’s coursework on history of, 14-15 author’s father’s attitude towards, 10 author’s identification with victims of repression in, 25-26 author’s knowledge of during Cold War, 39-40 author’s misunderstanding of, 157, 159-167 author’s monolithic view of, 28-29 author’s personality and view of as evil empire, 33-35
340 INDEX Soviet Union (continuedí) author’s realization that Soviet life different from what he assumed, 32, 33 black-and-white view of, 3-4 changes in author’s view of, 40-41 as complete society, 161, 162 execution in, 139—140 experience of ordinary Russian in, 17-18, 32, 33, 163 history ofJews in, 65-78 hostile actions toward United States, 248-254 hostile American actions toward, 205-206,237-247 idea of world communist domination and, 154-156 lack of civil society in, 217—218 majority of population probably did not want collapse of, 87—92 media playing role as outlet for citizen frustration, 106 military spending, 302-303 misunderstanding, 157-159 opening up under Gorbachev, 17-18, 20 Reagan’s changing view of, 163-165 reasons for, 300-306 stability and, 95, 125—126, 137, 148, 173,183, 193, 301-302 Stalin as builder of, 118-120 Soviet Union, collapse of, 1, 22 diverting resources against United States and, 292-293, 294 dividing wealth of the state after, 225-226 Stalin and his legacy and, 135-137 spies Cold War, 272-276 Putin’s alleged assassination of, 179-182 Soviets planting deep-cover spies in United States, 248 spy flights over Soviet Union, American, 237-239 Spy Handler (Cherkashin), 30-31, 41, 161, 162, 163 spying, suggestion to eliminate human-source, 267, 268-269 The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (Le Carré), 12 The Spy Who Loved Me (film), 31 Stalin, Joseph, 15, 44 anti-Semitism of, 69-70, 71-72, 73 background of, 101 brutality of, 102, 107 as builder of the Soviet Union, 118-120 collapse of Soviet Union and, 135-137 collectivization and, 112—115, 119, 120
constitution and, 110, 147, 148 crimes of, 108-116 cult of personality, 122 as dictator, 288 dissidence after, 51, 52 holocaust and, 115-116 industrialization and, 119—120, 121 Jews and, 65-66, 68-70, 71—72, 73 Korean War and, 249 naive belief of Westerners in, 291 NKVD and, 61 nonaggression pact with Hitler, 122-123 ordinary life under, 132-135 Russian reckoning with, 130—132, 136 Second World War and, 109-110, 117, 119, 121-125 show trials and, 143 state terror after, 178 strengths and accomplishments, 118-137 as strong and intelligent leader, 125-127 supporters, 107-108, 116—118, 128-130, 132,135-137 synonymous with system that elevated multitudes out of poverty, 127-128, 129
INDEX Stamped, from the Beginning (Kendi), 154 state anti-Semitism, 65 state bureaucracy, Putin’s, 199-200, 201 state-controlled television in Russia, 209-210. See ako RT network The State Within a State (Albats), 46, 60—61, 62 Stone, Oliver, 117, 195, 198-199 strong leaders, ethnic Russian desire for, 125, 126 Sturgess, Dawn, 180, 196 suicide during Stalin’s time, 134 Suny, Ronald G., 71, 109, 158 superiority American, 165 author’s family’s sense of, 16 author’s sense of own, 33, 35 Syria American military actions in, 235 Russian military actions in, 193-194, 235,245 Taubman, William, 304 technology, Soviet theft of American, 249 television author and author’s father and, 9-Ю RT network, 229-234 state-controlled Russian, 209-210 “Television Is More Dangerous Than the Atom Bomb” (Anastaplo), 9 terrorism, Putin and domestic, 173, 174-179 therapy, author’s experience with, 24, 27-28, 295 Tolkachev, Adolf, 272, 273—274 Tolstoy, Leo, 11 Torrijos, Omar, 286-287, 288 torture, KGB and CIA use of, 58, 59 totalitarianism life under, 133-134 popular conception of Soviet Union as, 134-135 341 Trans-Siberian gas pipeline, American bombing of, 138, 241—242, 246, 253, 254 trauma, Stalin and Soviets’ collective, 136 Trotsky, Leon, 68, 69, 70, 110, 127 Trump, Donald attitude toward Russia, 262-264 election of, 292 reaction to presidency of, 298 torture by CIA and, 59 Tucker, Robert, 160 Turgenev, Ivan, 11 Turkey, American nuclear weapons in, 239 U2 flights, 237 Ukraine, Russian war in, 197, 235, 236, 245, 246 An Unholy Alliance: The European Far Right and Putin ’s Russia (Klapsis), 279
United Russia, 180 United States American vs. Soviet anti-Semitism, 85-87 author’s understanding of, 165-167 belief in superiority of, 165 binary thinking in politics in, 297-298 bombing of Trans-Siberian pipeline, 138, 241-242, 246, 253, 254 civil rights movement in, 225 collectivization and Native Americans, 114—115 demand that Russia be more like us, 261—262 elections in, 224 (see ako U.S. presidential elections) failure to address pressing problems in, 293 goal of spreading democracy and, 155-156 Gorbachev’s changing view of, 163—164
342 INDEX United States (continued) hostile American actions toward Soviet Union and Russia, 205-206, 237-247 hostile Soviet/Russian actions toward, 248-254 institutional fhnction despite recent attacks, 292 mass incarceration in, 202, 225, 259 myth of meritocracy in, 101 prejudices against Soviet Union and Russia, 4 psychiatric diagnoses and racism, 154 purported superiority of, 34, 36 racially motivated killings in, 225 response to George Washington as slaveholder, 128-130 Russian attacks on American society, 293-294 slaveryin, 128-130, 131, 132 social problems in, 202 Soviet Union as evil enemy, 14, 16, 33-35, 296 strengths and problems of, 258-259 use of targeted killing by, 54 Vietnam War and, 54, 104, 250 wars and military actions, 235-236 See abo Cold War Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 150 U.S. presidential elections, Russian interference in 2016 and 2020, 196, 204, 252, 292 USAID, 219 van Voren, Robert, 215 Verzilov, Pyotr, 187 Vetrov, Vladimir, 138-139 The Victims Return (Cohen), 88, 136 Victory (Schweizer), 239 Vietnam War CIA and, 54 comparing Soviet experience in Afghanistan and American involvement in, 104 Soviets arming North Vietnamese soldiers, 250 violence, collapse of Soviet Union and, 305 Voice of America, 232-233 Volkogonov, Dmitri, 94-95, 98, 238, 302 Wallace, Chris, 191 wars American, 235-236 {see abo Vietnam War) Russian, 234-235, 236 Warsaw Pact, 244 Warsaw Pact states, joining NATO, 243-244 Washington, George, 128-130 wealth gap in America, 258, 293 Westerners, KGB permissiveness with, 55-56 “whataboutism,” 57 Wheatcroft, Stephen, 109 Where
the Jews Aren’t (Gessen), 79 Women of the Don, 220 Writer’s Union, Soviet, 217 Yagoda, Genrikh, 69-70 Yakovlev, Alexander, 97 Yeltsin, Boris, 78 collapse of Soviet Union and, 300, 301 referendum on union and, 88 voucher system to buy shares in private companies, 225—226 Yemen, American military actions in, 235 Yevtushenko, Yevgeny, 17 Yushenkov, Sergei, 187 Zinoviev, Grigory, 69, 70, 110 Zionism, Soviet propaganda against, 76, 77 Zubok, Vladislav, 72 Zweig, Connie, 295 Zygar, Mikhail, 117
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CONTENTS A Note on the Soviet Union/Russia Problem Introduction vii 1 HOW 1 GOT THIS WAY Home 7 Away 14 Therapy 24 Cherkashin 30 Evil Empire 33 THROUGH THE FOG, I SEE A COUNTRY Eight Things I Misunderstood About the Soviet Union 39 Society and Me 157 ENEMIES, AND REPEAT Five Things to Reconsider About Modern-Day Russia 171 Our Part 237 v
CONTENTS VI Their Part 248 WHAT WE SHOULD DO Policy in a Strange New World 257 Letting Go of Espionage 268 What They Should Do 277 Conclusion: Politics and Personality or, Am / Upside Down? 281 Epilogue 300 Acknowledgments 307 Annotated Bibliography 311 Index 329
INDEX ABM (Anti-Ballistic Missile) Treaty, 243, 266 Abrams, Jeremiah, 295 ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union), 10 Adams, Christopher S., Jr., 238 Afgantsy (Braithwaite), 100, 104 Afghanistan American war in, 235, 236 Brezhnev and invasion of, 95 CIA’s covert war in, 22 grain embargo to protest Soviet invasion of, 239-240 KGB’s targeted killings in, 54 Soviet war in, 103-107 Afghan Task Force, CIA’s, 103—104 aggression, countries’ internal or external outlets for, 35—36 AIDS virus, Soviets blaming United States for, 250, 254 Albats, Yevgenia, 46—48, 60—61, 62 Alibek, Ken, 45-46, 47, 48 All the Kremlin ’s Men (Zygar), 117 American diplomats, Soviet harassment of, 251-252 American embassy in Moscow, Soviets riddling with listening devices, 251 American leaders, lies told by, 196-197 The Americans (television series), 54, 104, 138, 139, 161, 162 Ames, Aldrich, 30, 274, 275, 276 Amnesty International, 260 Anastaplo, George, 9 Andropov, Yuri, 55, 93, 94 anti-corruption drive and, 43 background of, 98-99, 101 dissidents and, 152, 153 as leader, 96—99, 101, 302 Operation RYAN and, 97 what kind of person he was, 102-103 anti-corruption drive in Soviet Union, KGB and, 43 antimissile defenses, suggestions United States remove Eastern European, 266 anti-Semites, author’s argument that Soviet Union less anti-Semitic and, 290-291 anti-Semitism, state, 65 anti-Semitism in Soviet Union, 65-87 versus American anti-Semitism, 85-87 careers open to Jews and, 82-83 discrimination in higher education and, 81-82 history of Jews in, 65-78 Khrushchev and, 74-75 media and, 72-73 popular anti-
Semitism, 83-85 refuseniks and, 75-78 329
330 INDEX anti-Semitism in Soviet Union (icontinued) Second World War and, 70-72 Stalin and, 69-70, 71-72, 73 apartment bombings, 187 Putin and, 174-179 Applebaum, Anne, 109, 145 Arendt, Hannah, 133 Armenia, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Article 50, of Soviet Constitution, dissidentsand, 149 assimilationist goals of Soviet ideology, 78—81 Baltic republics, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Banac, Ivo, 14 beliefs, sources of, 290 Bellingcat (website), 188 Bernstein, Jerome S., 296 The Billion DoUar Spy (Hoffman), 273 binary thinking, 295, 297—298, 299 Biohazard (Alibek), 45—46 biological weapons, illegal assembly in Soviet Union, 250 Biological Weapons Convention, 250 Biopreparat, 46 Birobidzhan, 69, 79, 82 Black Earth (Snyder), 70 Bloodlands (Snyder), 71 Bogoslaw, Lany, 208, 211 Bolsheviks attitude toward the law, 140-141 collectivization and, 114 Jewish support for, 67-68 Stalin and, 110—111 Bond books (Fleming), 12, 31 border troops, KGB, 44 Bosnia, American military actions in, 235 Boston Marathon bombing, conspiracy theories, 230 Braithwaite, Rodric, 100, 104, 105, 106 Brandt, Willy, 95 Brechenmacher, Saskia, 216-217, 220, 221 Brezhnev, Leonid, 55, 78, 93 background of, 101 discussion of what happened under Stalin, 136 as leader, 94—96, 101 what kind of person was, 102—103 bribery, in Soviet Union, 42, 146 Britain, Stalin reaching out to, 123 Bukovsky, Vladimir, 91 Bundy, McGeorge, 272 Bush, George H. W., 177, 262 Bush, George W., 191,203, 243 careers open to Soviet Jews, 82-83 Carnegie Institute, 216, 217 Carr, E.
H., 160 Cartwright, Samuel A., 154 Castro, Fidel, 287-288 Central Asian republics, referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 89 Chechen militants apartment bombings and, 176, 178-179 murder of Nemtsov and, 186 murder of Politkovskaya and, 183-184 terrorist acts of, 176 Chechnya, Russian war in, 234, 236 Cheb, 67-68, 141, 142 Chekhov, Anton, 11 Cherkashin, Victor, 30-31, 41, 44, 106, 161 Chernenko, Konstantin, 55, 93, 94 background of, 101 as leader, 99-101 what kind of person was, 102—103 Chödrön, Perna, 299 Chubais, Anatoly, 225 Churchill, Winston, 112 CIA Afghan Task Force, 103-104 arming Mujahideen, 240
INDEX author’s disposition toward secret life and joining, 26—27 author’s experience in and current skepticism about espionage, 269-272 author’s training in, 20-23 Cold War spies, 272-274 foreign espionage and, 60 KGB compared to, 57-60 9/11 and, 177 personality type hired for, 30 recruitment of Soviet spies, 275-276 Soviets stealing computer chips and software and, 241-242 Vietnam War and, 54 civil disputes in Soviet Union, 146-147 civil rights movement, American, 225 civil society defined, 217 lack of in Soviet Union, 217-218 problems with in Russia, 216—222 “Civil Society Under Assault” (Brechenmacher), 216-217, 220 “class enemies,” 116 Clinton, Bill, 101, 262 Clinton, Hillary, 204 Clover, Charles, 198 Cohen, Stephen, 87-88, 90, 131, 132,136, 160-161, 301 Cold War, 1,3 Gorbachev and end of, 304 intense American fear and hatred of Soviet Union during, 39 justification of, 35-36 as product of misperceptions, 3, 35-36, 39-40, 257 propaganda and, 211 proselytizing instincts about democracy and communism and, 156 restrained mutual attacks during, 253 second cold war, 1-2, 3—4, 166, 265-267, 294 331 Soviets in Afghanistan and, 104—105 spies in, 272—276 collective trauma, Stalin’s reign and, 136 collectivization effects of Stalin’s, 112-115, 119, 120 Native Americans and, 114-115 college, author’s coursework at, 14-15 Comintern, 155 Commentary (magazines), 7-8 communism, Soviet Union and idea of world communist domination, 154-156, 251 Communist Party, Stalin and purges of, 110-111 Confederate flag, 131 Conquest, Robert, 69, 83, 114 conservatives denigration of liberals, 298,
299 Trump presidency and, 298 conspiracy theories, 178, 242, 289 about 9/11, 177, 230 apartment bombings and, 176—177, 178 RT and, 211,230 corporations, power of, 61-62 corruption in Russia, 172, 179, 182, 191, 194, 211,213, 223, 226-228 in Soviet Union, 42, 43—44, 97-98, 110, 300 counterintelligence, 274—275 counterintuitive thinking affecting judgment, 282-283 counterterrorism operations, 60 Crimea, Russian annexation of, 196, 215, 235, 236, 245, 246 Cuban Missile Crisis, 239, 250, 272 cyberattacks American attacks on Russian infrastructure, 244—245 Russian attacks on American infrastructure, 252 Dallin, Alexander, 160 Davies, Robert, 109
332 INDEX The Day After (television miniseries), 164 democracy, American goal of spreading, 155-156, 242-243 demonstration trials, Soviet, 144 détente, Brezhnev as driver of, 95 Deutscher, Isaac, 160 Dickens, Charles, 11 dictators, attitudes toward, 286—288 Diederich, Bernard, 288 Direct Line (call-in show), 199 dissidents Andropov and, 98 KGB and, 50-53,153 Soviet and Russian attitudes about, 91-92 Soviet legal system and, 149—153 support for survival of Soviet state, 90-91 trials of, 152 ‘Doctors’ Plot,’ 72-73, 74 Don’t Bite the Hook (Chödrön), 299 Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 11 economic sanctions, against Russia, 205,245-246, 266-267 elections Americans who have lost faith in, 292 in Russia, 222-225 enemy, Soviet Union and author’s need to have, 33, 34 espionage author’s experience in CIA and skepticism about, 269-272 CIA and, 60 Cold War spies, 272-276 counterintelligence, 274-275 formula for what would make valuable, 271 letting go of, 268-276 “Espionage and the Cold War” (Scott), 272 Estonia, in NATO, 243, 244 European Union, Russian antipathy towards, 279 executions, in Soviet Union, 139-140 famine, Stalin and, 109, 113-114 Farewell: The Greatest Spy Story ofthe Twentieth Century (Kostin and Raynaud), 138, 139 far-right political parties, Russian support of European, 279 father, illness and death of author’s, 24-25, 28 FBI, 9/11 and, 177 Federal Security Service (FSB) apartment bombings and, 174-179 Navalny poisoning and, 188 terrorist attack at Moscow theater and, 187 Federation Global Initiative on Psychiatry, 215 Fitzpatrick, Sheila, 109, 114, 134, 140 Fleming, Ian, 11,
12 “foreign agents,” organizations labeled as in Russia, 219, 220 foreign espionage, number of KGB employees in, 44 Fox News, 209, 230, 233 freedom in contemporary Russia, 206-212 freedom of expression and freedom of the press, 207-212 From Russia with Love (Fleming), 11 The Future Is History (Gessen), 125, 133 Galeotti, Mark, 221-222 Garthoff, Raymond L., 272 Geneva Summit (1985), 163-164 genocide, Stalin’s crimes and, 115, 116 Georgia referendum to determine whether would stay in union, 88, 89 Russian war in, 235 Gessen, Masha, 79, 84, 125, 133 Getting to Know the General (Greene), 287 Getty, J. Arch, 110 Giuliani, Rudy, 230
INDEX Gogol, Nikolai, 11 Golos, 219 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 17-18, 20, 55 Andropov’s support for, 99 assessment of leadership, 303-305 background of, 101 changing view of United States, 163-164 collapse of Soviet Union and, 300-301, 304-305 decline in Soviet military spending under, 303 discussion of what happened under Stalin, 136 dissidents and, 91 Jewish emigration under, 78 KGB and, 61 legacy of, 304-305 referendum on union, 88 rejection of use of violence, 304-305 Soviet society grappling with Stalin’s legacy under, 131, 306 structural problems of Soviet economy and, 136 unpopularity of, 90, 91 Gorky, Maxim, 68 grain embargo against Soviet Union, 239-240 grassroots activism, in contemporary Russia, 221-222 The Great Fear (Harris), 111 Great Terror, 108-110 Greene, Graham, 286-287, 288 grief, 24—25 Grossman, Vasily, 73-74 groupthink, 283 Gulag: A History (Applebaum), 109 The ՇսևչArchipelago (Solzhenitsyn), 63, 83-84, 143 Gulag system, 108, 125, 136, 143-146, 259 Gumilev, Lev, 198 Haiti, American military actions in, 235 Hanssen, Robert, 30, 274, 275, 276 333 harassment of Soviet Union by American military aircraft, 238-239 Harre, Rom, 152-153 Harris, James, 111-112 Hazanov, Alex, 55-56, 76-77 Helsinki Accords, Soviet signing of, 149-150 Hitler, Adolf, 112, 121, 122-123 Hoffman, David E., 273 Holocaust, Soviet Union and, 70, 71 holocaust, Stalin and possible Soviet, 115-116 homosexuality, laws about in contemporary Russia, 215-216 Howard, Edward Lee, 274 Human Rights Center Memorial, 219 Human Rights Watch, 220, 260 industrialization, Stalin and, 119-120, 121 INF
(intermediate-range nuclear forces) treaty, 266 information, acquisition of in Russia, 211 informers, KGB’s network of, 45, 46-50, 53 inducements for, 46 number of, 47, 48—49 Insight Meditation, 297, 299 International Republican Institute, 219 Iraq, American war in, 235, 236, 262 isolationism, 259 Israel, author’s view of, 12-13 Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee, 72 Jewish Autonomous Region, 69 The Jewish Century (Slezkine), 67 Jewish Defense League, 249 Jews in Soviet Union, 19-20 assimilation goals of Soviet state and, 78-81 history of, 65-78 in KGB, 64
334 INDEX Jews in Soviet Union (continued) petitioning to emigrate to Israel from Soviet Union, 75 {see aho refuseniks) Stalin and, 65—66 state use of, 68 See aho anti-Semitism in Soviet Union journalists, Putin allegedly ordering murder of, 182-185 Jung, Carl, 284,285, 295, 297 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 184, 186 KAL 007, Soviets shooting down, 251, 276 Kalinovsky, Artemy, 82 Kamenev, Lev, 69, 70, 110 Kasparov, Garry, 197 Kara-Murza, Vladimir, 187-188 Kazemzadeh, Firuz, 18 Kendi, ibram X., 154 Kennedy, John F., 191, 272 KGB Andropov and, 96-98 author’s belief could have joined if lived in Soviet Union, 63-64 Cherkashin’s description of colleagues in, 30-31 CIA discussing whether should try to destroy, 21 compared to CIA, 57-60 as complex bureaucracy, 40, 41-64 damage done directed at Soviet people, 60 dissidents and, 50-53, 153 incorruptibility of, 42—44 local chiefs’ abuse of authority, 42-43 officers’ range of feelings about their work, 53—54 permissiveness with Western visitors, 55-56 portrayal of in The Americans, 161 power base of, 62 Putin and, 194 refuseniks and, 20, 32, 76-77 spying on Soviet population and, 44-53 targeted killings abroad, 54 Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 185 Khrushchev, Nikita anti-Semitism of, 74-75 background of, 101 brutality of, 102 grappling with Stalin’s legacy and, 131, 136 ouster of, 15, 61 retreat from Stalin’s means of governing, 136 viewed as man of the people, 94 Kim II Sung, 249 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 191 Klapsis, Antonis, 279 kleptocracy, Russia not primarily, 225-229 Komsomol, 161, 217 Korean War, Soviets starting and arming North Korean
soldiers, 249-250 Kosovo, American military actions in, 235 Kostin, Sergei, 138, 139 Kotkin, Stephen, 110, 114, 126, 127, 192, 198, 300 Kovtun, Dmitri, 180 Ku Klux Klan, 85-86 kulaks, 112, 113, 116 Latvia, in NATO, 243, 244 lawlessness, Putin and control of, 172-173 Le Carré, John, 12, 31 legal system, Soviet. See Soviet legal system Lenin, Vladimir, 17, 135 brutality of, 15, 61, 102 as ideological father of Soviet Union, 119 New Economic Policy and, 68, 118 Stalin compared to, 127 Lenin’s Tomb (Remnick), 97 Leonhard, Wolfgang, 14-15, 17, 18, 143
INDEX Levada, Yuri, 200 Levada Center, 200—201 Lewin, Moshe, 160 Liberal Democratic Party (Russian), 180 liberal intelligentsia, Russian, 212—213 liberals, American need to examine own selfrighteousness, 298-299 Trump presidency and, 298 Libya, American military actions in, 235 Life and Fate (Grossman), 73—74 Lincoln, Abraham, 101, 304 Lithuania, in NATO, 243, 244 Litvinenko, Alexander, 179-180, 181 Litvinov, Maxim, 70 Lomb, Samantha, 147, 148 Lugovoi, Andrei, 180 Lukoil, 221 Luzhkov, Yury, 117 Malaysian Airlines passenger plane, shootdown of, 196 Mankoff, Jeffrey, 245 Mao, 117-118 Márquez, Gabriel Garcia, 287 Martin, Terry, 80 Marx, Karl, 119 Marxism as guiding principle for Soviet Union, 140 spreading communism worldwide as goal in, 154-155 mass incarceration in Soviet Union, 259 (see ako Gulag system) in United States, 202, 225, 259 Masterpiece Theatre (television program), 10 media American, on Putin, 191—192, 203 anti-Semitism of Soviet, 72-73 freedom of, in contemporary Russia, 207-212 Putin allegedly ordering murder of journalists, 182-185 335 Russian print, 210 See ako RT network; television Medvedev, Dmitry, 192, 212 Meeting the Shadow (Zweig and Abrams), 295 Meir, Goldą, 72 Menshov, Vladimir, 163, 164—165 meritocracy, American and Soviet, 101 Merkel, Angela, 196 Michael, Robert, 85, 86 mid-life reassessment, political views and, 284-285 military actions American, 235—236 Russian, 235 Moldova, 89 moles, 30 moral equivalence, 57-58 Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears (film), 163, 164—165 Mujahideen, U.S. support for, 106, 196, 240-241,253, 254 Museum of the History of
the Gulag, 131 National Democratic Institute, 219 National Endowment for Democracy, 219 national minorities, Soviet feelings about, 79-81 National Security Decision Directive (NSDD) 75, 205-206 Native Americans, collectivization and, 114-115 NATO (North Adantic Treaty Organization) expansion of, 205, 243-244, 262 missile shield, 243, 266 Russian antipathy toward, 279 Navalny, Alexei government response to, 185, 213-214 information acquisition by, 211 poisoning of, 188-189 Navalny, Oleg, 213 Nemtsov, Boris, 184, 186, 190 New Economic Policy, 68, 118
336 INDEX Newlin, Cyrus, 245 The New Republic (magazine), 7 Newsweek (magazine), 19, 20, 31 The New York Review ofBooks (periodical), 7, 8, 286 9/11, conspiracy theories about, 177, 230 Nixon, Richard, 95 NKVD, 42, 44-45, 59, 61, 63,142 nomenkUtura, 43, 101, 301 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Russia, 218-222 standing up for victims of state repression, 260 Novichok agent, 180-181, 188 nuclear missiles ABM Treaty, 243 American deployment in Turkey, 239 Obama, Barack, 262 offenders petty, 141-142 political criminals, 142, 145 OGPU (Joint State Political Directorate), 142 oligarchy, Russia not primarily, 225-229 Operation RYAN, 97 opposition, Russian, suggestion that consider opening up to, 280. See aho dissidents organized crime, Russian, 171-172 Orlov, Yuri, 91 Palestinians, 13 Panama Papers, 204 peasants collectivization and, 112—115 Stalin and elevation out of poverty, 127-128, 129 Penkovsky, Oleg, 272-273, 273-274 People (magazine), 17-18 People’s Commissariat for Justice, 141 Perm, 221 personality, political views and. See politics and personality Phoenix Program, 54 pogroms, 66, 67, 68 Poland in NATO, 243,244 Soviet plan to intervene militarily in, 95-97 policy suggestions, 257-267 being open to collaboration with imperfect leaders and nations, 260-261 helping victims of repression, 260 letting go of espionage, 268-276 for new policy toward Russia, 265-267 for Russia, 277-280 Politburo, 94, 95-96,104,106, 199 political conduct, criminalization of free, in Soviet Union, 148-153 political consciousness, author’s early, 12-13 political criminals, 142, 145
political elite, corruption and, 227 political killings Putin and, 185-191 Stalin and, 102 in United States, 191 political opponents, Putin and alleged assassination of, 185-190 politics author’s parents’, 7-9 emotional base of, 28 judging versus not judging in, 291-292 politics and personality, 281-299 author could be having mid-life reassessment, 284—285 author may be prone to grandiose thinking, 289 author might have unconscious soft spot for dictators, 286—288 author’s impulse to be counterintuitive thinker could be warping judgment, 282-283 desire to identify with people author sees as misunderstood could be warping judgment, 283-284
INDEX requirements of self-aware politics, 289-290 shadow self and, 295-296 therapy and, 295 Politkovskaya, Anna, 182-184 popular anti-Semitism in Soviet Union, 83—85 “Popular Attitudes in the Soviet Union Towards Their Government” (Weisberg), 18 poverty, in United States, 202 Power and Politics (Bernstein), 296 Powers, Francis Gary, 237 Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights, 220 press, freedom of, in contemporary Russia, 207-212 print media in Russia, 210 prisoner labor, Soviet use of, 137 prisons, Soviet, 142, 145, 149 propaganda Radio Liberty and Voice of America compared to RT, 232-233 RT network and, 229-234 Russian use of social media, 252-253 Soviet attack on American social fabric with, 248-249 protests against Putin, 212-213, 218 psychiatric evaluations, Soviet courts ordering, 153-154 psychiatric prisons, 149 psychiatry, punitive, used against Russian journalists and opposition figures, 215 Public Chamber, 220 public debate, in Russia, 207-208, 212 Public Verdict Foundation, 219 Pussy Riot (band), 196, 197, 214 Putin, Vladimir, 78 alleged assassination of former spies/traitors, 179—182 alleged order of murder of journalists, 182-185 alleged orders of assassination of political opponents, 185-190 337 as all-powerfiil, 199-206 apartment bombings and, 174-179 approval figures, 223 assassinations of Russians and, 173-191 boorishness and lying, 195-199 civil society and, 218—219, 221 on collapse of Soviet Union, 306 corruption and, 227 culture of political violence and, 190-191 giving up on the West, 208 interference in 2016 U.S. presidential election
and, 204 interviews with Western journalists, 198-199 on membership in KGB, 42 misconceptions about, 171-206 missing opportunity for collaboration with, 260-261, 266 motivation of, 191-195 on murder of Nemtsov, 190 on murder of Politkovskaya, 182-183, 184 protests against, 212-213, 218 reassertion of government authority and, 172-173 relation to Russian billionaires, 228 on Stalin, 117 treatment of the opposition, 212-213 Trump and, 263 The Putin Interviews (Stone), 198-199 racial tensions, American, 293 racism, American, 225 Radio Free Europe, 18-19, 233 Radio Liberty, 18-19, 232-233 Raynaud, Eric, 138, 139 reading, author and, 11-12 Reagan, Ronald attitude toward Soviet Union as evil empire, 14, 16 blowing up Trans-Siberian gas pipeline and, 241
338 INDEX Reagan, Ronald (continued') changing view of Soviet Union, 163-165 covert actions against Soviets, 253 military build-up and collapse of Soviet Union and, 302—303 Mujahideen and, 106 National Security Decision Directive 75, 205-206 Red Dawn (Am), 155, 163 RedFkg Unfiirled (Suny), 158 refuseniks, 66, 75-78 author’s meeting with, 19—20, 31-32, 55, 77-78,161 KGB and, 20, 32, 76-77 Soviet treatment of, 77-78 “reliable person,” cooperator with KGB, 47-49 Remnick, David, 97 repression in Russia, 206—225 civil society problems, 216—222 elections, 222-225 freedom of expression and freedom of the press, 207-212 helping victims of, 260 laws about homosexuality, 215-216 treatment of the opposition, 212-215 Rethinking the Soviet Experience (Cohen), 87, 160-161 Roberts, Geoffrey, 122,123, 124 Rocky and Bullwinkk (cartoon series), 163 Rocky IV(film), 163 Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 86 Roosevelt, Theodore, 85 Rose, Charlie, 42, 198 RT network, 229-234 compared to Radio Liberty and Voice of America, 232—233 lies in reporting, 230-231 registered as foreign agent in United States, 232 reporting on America’s social problems and politics, 230 Rubenstein, Joshua, 72 Rubio, Marco, 42 Russia anti-Semitism in, 66, 67 attacks on American society, 293-294 desire to be left alone, 257—258 early U.S. relationship with after collapse of Soviet Union, 1 hostile actions toward United States, 252-254 hostile American actions toward, 243-247 level of freedom in contemporary, 171 level of repression and freedom in (see repression in Russia) military intervention in Syria, 193-194 misconceptions
about, 171-172 new paradigm for, 2 not primarily a kleptocracy or an oligarchy, 225-229 policy suggestions for, 277-280 suggestions for new policy toward, 265-267 Trump’s actions and, 262-264 U.S. sanctions against, 205, 266—267 wars, 234—236 Western threats against, 204—205, 206 Russian federal regions, 192—193 Russian federal “subjects,” 199 Russian nationalist movement, anti-Semitism and, 72 Russian Revolution, brutality of, 61 Sakharov, Andrei, 91 sanctions against Russia, U.S., 205, 245-246 suggestion to remove, 266-267 satellite surveillance, 269 Schweizer, Peter, 238, 239 scientific research institutes, KGB’s, 44 Scott, Len, 272 Second Chechen War, 174, 195 second cold war, 1-2, 3-4, 166, 294 suggestions for ending, 265-267
INDEX Second World War Soviet anti-Semitism and, 70-72 Stalin and, 109-110, 117, 119, 121-125 “Security Awareness Poster Competition,” 22 Seleznyov, Gennadiy, 175 self, Soviet conception of, 152-153 self-aware politics, 2-3, 28 American strengths and problems, 258-259 examining where beliefs come from and, 40-41 as lifelong effort, 281 reassessing and, 285 requirements of, 289-290 taking responsibility for own actions, 275 self-censorship, 159-160 self-righteousness, American, 258 shadow self, 295-296 Shantideva, 299 Shchekochikhin, Yuri, 187 Shershnev, Leonid, 100 show trials, Soviet, 143—146 Simonyan, Margarita, 230-231 Škripal, Sergei, 180-181, 188, 189, 196, 197, 230 Škripal, Yulia, 180, 230 slavery in United States, 128-130 American struggle to understand legacy of, 131, 132 Slezkine, Yuri, 67 Slovakia, in NATO, 243-244 Smith, Ben, 211 Snowden, Edward, 262 Snyder, Timothy, 70, 71, 197-198 social media, Russian use of to attack and undermine American society, 252-253 Solidarity movement, 95, 96 Solomon, Peter H., 140, 144 Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 63, 83-84, 91, 143 Somalia, American military actions in, 235 339 Soviet-American relationship, as political manifestation of shadow self, 296 Soviet Constitution, 147 Soviet elite, collapse of Soviet Union and, 300-301 Soviet émigrés, shaping American perception of Soviet Union, 158- 159. See abo refhseniks Soviet leadership after Stalin, 93-103 brutality of, 102 meritocracy and, 101 worldview of, 51, 53 Soviet legal system, 137-154 Bolshevik legal system, 141 citizen influence over, 147-148 civil disputes, 146-147
criminalization of free political conduct, 148-153 dissidents and, 149-153 political criminals, 142 pretrial investigations, 151-152 prisons, 142,145,149 psychiatric evaluations, 153-154 show trials and Gulag system, 143-146 Soviet Union American view of as evil empire, 14, 16, 296 anti-Semitism in {see anti-Semitism in Soviet Union) assimilationist goals of, 78—81 author’s coursework on history of, 14-15 author’s father’s attitude towards, 10 author’s identification with victims of repression in, 25-26 author’s knowledge of during Cold War, 39-40 author’s misunderstanding of, 157, 159-167 author’s monolithic view of, 28-29 author’s personality and view of as evil empire, 33-35
340 INDEX Soviet Union (continuedí) author’s realization that Soviet life different from what he assumed, 32, 33 black-and-white view of, 3-4 changes in author’s view of, 40-41 as complete society, 161, 162 execution in, 139—140 experience of ordinary Russian in, 17-18, 32, 33, 163 history ofJews in, 65-78 hostile actions toward United States, 248-254 hostile American actions toward, 205-206,237-247 idea of world communist domination and, 154-156 lack of civil society in, 217—218 majority of population probably did not want collapse of, 87—92 media playing role as outlet for citizen frustration, 106 military spending, 302-303 misunderstanding, 157-159 opening up under Gorbachev, 17-18, 20 Reagan’s changing view of, 163-165 reasons for, 300-306 stability and, 95, 125—126, 137, 148, 173,183, 193, 301-302 Stalin as builder of, 118-120 Soviet Union, collapse of, 1, 22 diverting resources against United States and, 292-293, 294 dividing wealth of the state after, 225-226 Stalin and his legacy and, 135-137 spies Cold War, 272-276 Putin’s alleged assassination of, 179-182 Soviets planting deep-cover spies in United States, 248 spy flights over Soviet Union, American, 237-239 Spy Handler (Cherkashin), 30-31, 41, 161, 162, 163 spying, suggestion to eliminate human-source, 267, 268-269 The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (Le Carré), 12 The Spy Who Loved Me (film), 31 Stalin, Joseph, 15, 44 anti-Semitism of, 69-70, 71-72, 73 background of, 101 brutality of, 102, 107 as builder of the Soviet Union, 118-120 collapse of Soviet Union and, 135-137 collectivization and, 112—115, 119, 120
constitution and, 110, 147, 148 crimes of, 108-116 cult of personality, 122 as dictator, 288 dissidence after, 51, 52 holocaust and, 115-116 industrialization and, 119—120, 121 Jews and, 65-66, 68-70, 71—72, 73 Korean War and, 249 naive belief of Westerners in, 291 NKVD and, 61 nonaggression pact with Hitler, 122-123 ordinary life under, 132-135 Russian reckoning with, 130—132, 136 Second World War and, 109-110, 117, 119, 121-125 show trials and, 143 state terror after, 178 strengths and accomplishments, 118-137 as strong and intelligent leader, 125-127 supporters, 107-108, 116—118, 128-130, 132,135-137 synonymous with system that elevated multitudes out of poverty, 127-128, 129
INDEX Stamped, from the Beginning (Kendi), 154 state anti-Semitism, 65 state bureaucracy, Putin’s, 199-200, 201 state-controlled television in Russia, 209-210. See ako RT network The State Within a State (Albats), 46, 60—61, 62 Stone, Oliver, 117, 195, 198-199 strong leaders, ethnic Russian desire for, 125, 126 Sturgess, Dawn, 180, 196 suicide during Stalin’s time, 134 Suny, Ronald G., 71, 109, 158 superiority American, 165 author’s family’s sense of, 16 author’s sense of own, 33, 35 Syria American military actions in, 235 Russian military actions in, 193-194, 235,245 Taubman, William, 304 technology, Soviet theft of American, 249 television author and author’s father and, 9-Ю RT network, 229-234 state-controlled Russian, 209-210 “Television Is More Dangerous Than the Atom Bomb” (Anastaplo), 9 terrorism, Putin and domestic, 173, 174-179 therapy, author’s experience with, 24, 27-28, 295 Tolkachev, Adolf, 272, 273—274 Tolstoy, Leo, 11 Torrijos, Omar, 286-287, 288 torture, KGB and CIA use of, 58, 59 totalitarianism life under, 133-134 popular conception of Soviet Union as, 134-135 341 Trans-Siberian gas pipeline, American bombing of, 138, 241—242, 246, 253, 254 trauma, Stalin and Soviets’ collective, 136 Trotsky, Leon, 68, 69, 70, 110, 127 Trump, Donald attitude toward Russia, 262-264 election of, 292 reaction to presidency of, 298 torture by CIA and, 59 Tucker, Robert, 160 Turgenev, Ivan, 11 Turkey, American nuclear weapons in, 239 U2 flights, 237 Ukraine, Russian war in, 197, 235, 236, 245, 246 An Unholy Alliance: The European Far Right and Putin ’s Russia (Klapsis), 279
United Russia, 180 United States American vs. Soviet anti-Semitism, 85-87 author’s understanding of, 165-167 belief in superiority of, 165 binary thinking in politics in, 297-298 bombing of Trans-Siberian pipeline, 138, 241-242, 246, 253, 254 civil rights movement in, 225 collectivization and Native Americans, 114—115 demand that Russia be more like us, 261—262 elections in, 224 (see ako U.S. presidential elections) failure to address pressing problems in, 293 goal of spreading democracy and, 155-156 Gorbachev’s changing view of, 163—164
342 INDEX United States (continued) hostile American actions toward Soviet Union and Russia, 205-206, 237-247 hostile Soviet/Russian actions toward, 248-254 institutional fhnction despite recent attacks, 292 mass incarceration in, 202, 225, 259 myth of meritocracy in, 101 prejudices against Soviet Union and Russia, 4 psychiatric diagnoses and racism, 154 purported superiority of, 34, 36 racially motivated killings in, 225 response to George Washington as slaveholder, 128-130 Russian attacks on American society, 293-294 slaveryin, 128-130, 131, 132 social problems in, 202 Soviet Union as evil enemy, 14, 16, 33-35, 296 strengths and problems of, 258-259 use of targeted killing by, 54 Vietnam War and, 54, 104, 250 wars and military actions, 235-236 See abo Cold War Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 150 U.S. presidential elections, Russian interference in 2016 and 2020, 196, 204, 252, 292 USAID, 219 van Voren, Robert, 215 Verzilov, Pyotr, 187 Vetrov, Vladimir, 138-139 The Victims Return (Cohen), 88, 136 Victory (Schweizer), 239 Vietnam War CIA and, 54 comparing Soviet experience in Afghanistan and American involvement in, 104 Soviets arming North Vietnamese soldiers, 250 violence, collapse of Soviet Union and, 305 Voice of America, 232-233 Volkogonov, Dmitri, 94-95, 98, 238, 302 Wallace, Chris, 191 wars American, 235-236 {see abo Vietnam War) Russian, 234-235, 236 Warsaw Pact, 244 Warsaw Pact states, joining NATO, 243-244 Washington, George, 128-130 wealth gap in America, 258, 293 Westerners, KGB permissiveness with, 55-56 “whataboutism,” 57 Wheatcroft, Stephen, 109 Where
the Jews Aren’t (Gessen), 79 Women of the Don, 220 Writer’s Union, Soviet, 217 Yagoda, Genrikh, 69-70 Yakovlev, Alexander, 97 Yeltsin, Boris, 78 collapse of Soviet Union and, 300, 301 referendum on union and, 88 voucher system to buy shares in private companies, 225—226 Yemen, American military actions in, 235 Yevtushenko, Yevgeny, 17 Yushenkov, Sergei, 187 Zinoviev, Grigory, 69, 70, 110 Zionism, Soviet propaganda against, 76, 77 Zubok, Vladislav, 72 Zweig, Connie, 295 Zygar, Mikhail, 117 |
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| author | Weisberg, Joseph 1965- |
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| contents | Home -- Always -- Therapy -- Cherkashin -- Evil empire -- Eight things I misunderstood about the Soviet Union -- Society and me -- Five things to reconsider about modern-day Russia -- Our part -- Their part -- Policy in a strange new world -- Letting go of espionage -- What they should do -- Conclusion: Politics and personality or, am I upside down? |
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| edition | First edition |
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| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T18:52:52Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:18:37Z |
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| spelling | Weisberg, Joseph 1965- Verfasser (DE-588)1068984333 aut Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War Joseph Weisberg First edition New York PublicAffairs September 2021 vii, 342 Seiten 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Home -- Always -- Therapy -- Cherkashin -- Evil empire -- Eight things I misunderstood about the Soviet Union -- Society and me -- Five things to reconsider about modern-day Russia -- Our part -- Their part -- Policy in a strange new world -- Letting go of espionage -- What they should do -- Conclusion: Politics and personality or, am I upside down? "US sanctions have crippled Russia's economy, and Russia's interventions have exacerbated political problems in America. The old paradigm of America as the free capitalist good guys, fighting Russia, the repressive communist bad guys doesn't apply anymore. Joe Weisberg examines American policy and attempts to understand what Russia truly wants. Russia Upside Down suggests that we are fighting an enemy with whom we have few if any serious conflicts of interest, and our approach is not working. With our own political system in peril and continually buffeted by Russian attacks, Russia Upside Down lays out a new framework for our relationship with Russia at a time when it is badly needed"-- Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd rswk-swf Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf United States / Foreign relations / Russia (Federation) Russia (Federation) / Foreign relations / United States United States / Politics and government / 1989- Russia (Federation) / Politics and government / 1991- HISTORY / United States / General Diplomatic relations Politics and government Russia (Federation) United States Since 1989 USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 s Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-5417-6863-5 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033047049&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033047049&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Weisberg, Joseph 1965- Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War Home -- Always -- Therapy -- Cherkashin -- Evil empire -- Eight things I misunderstood about the Soviet Union -- Society and me -- Five things to reconsider about modern-day Russia -- Our part -- Their part -- Policy in a strange new world -- Letting go of espionage -- What they should do -- Conclusion: Politics and personality or, am I upside down? Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4072885-7 (DE-588)4051053-0 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War |
| title_auth | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War |
| title_exact_search | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War |
| title_full | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War Joseph Weisberg |
| title_fullStr | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War Joseph Weisberg |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia upside down an exit strategy for the second Cold War Joseph Weisberg |
| title_short | Russia upside down |
| title_sort | russia upside down an exit strategy for the second cold war |
| title_sub | an exit strategy for the second Cold War |
| topic | Internationale Politik (DE-588)4072885-7 gnd Russlandbild (DE-588)4051053-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Internationale Politik Russlandbild USA |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033047049&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=033047049&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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