Holdings: Communication engineering principles

Communication engineering principles:

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Otung, Ifiok (Author)
Format:	Electronic eBook
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken, NJ, USA ; Chichester, West Sussex, UK John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2021
Edition:	2nd edition
Subjects:	Digital communications Nachrichtentechnik
Online Access:	FHD01 FHI01 TUM01 Volltext
Physical Description:	1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 912 Seiten) Illustrationen, Diagramme
ISBN:	9781119273967 9781119274070 9781119765448

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240	1	0	\|a Digital communications
245	1	0	\|a Communication engineering principles \|c Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK)
250			\|a 2nd edition
264		1	\|a Hoboken, NJ, USA ; Chichester, West Sussex, UK \|b John Wiley & Sons, Inc. \|c 2021
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505	8		\|a Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction
505	8		\|a 2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling
505	8		\|a 3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals
505	8		\|a 4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion
505	8		\|a 5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction
505	8		\|a 7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description
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contents	Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction 2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling 3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals 4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion 5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction 7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description
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code="a">ELT 500</subfield><subfield code="2">stub</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Otung, Ifiok</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="240" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Digital communications</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Communication engineering principles</subfield><subfield code="c">Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2nd edition</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Hoboken, NJ, USA ; Chichester, West Sussex, UK</subfield><subfield code="b">John Wiley & Sons, Inc.</subfield><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="c">© 2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 912 Seiten)</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Diagramme</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Digital communications</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nachrichtentechnik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041066-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nachrichtentechnik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041066-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" 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spelling	Otung, Ifiok Verfasser aut Digital communications Communication engineering principles Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK) 2nd edition Hoboken, NJ, USA ; Chichester, West Sussex, UK John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2021 © 2021 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 912 Seiten) Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction 2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling 3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals 4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion 5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction 7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description Nachrichtentechnik (DE-588)4041066-3 gnd rswk-swf Nachrichtentechnik (DE-588)4041066-3 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Otung, Ifiok Communication Engineering Principles Newark : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,c2021 Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover 978-1-119-27402-5 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/book/9415287 Aggregator URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext
spellingShingle	Otung, Ifiok Communication engineering principles Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Overview of Communication Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.1 Verbal Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2 Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.2.2.1 Flags, Smoke, and Bonfires -- 1.2.2.2 Heliography -- 1.2.2.3 Semaphore -- 1.2.2.4 Demerits of Visual Nonelectrical Telecommunication -- 1.3 Modern Telecommunication -- 1.3.1 Developments in Character Codes -- 1.3.1.1 Morse Code -- 1.3.1.2 Baudot Code -- 1.3.1.3 Hollerith Code -- 1.3.1.4 EBCDIC Code -- 1.3.1.5 ASCII Code -- 1.3.1.6 ISO 8859 Code -- 1.3.1.7 Unicode -- 1.3.2 Developments in Services -- 1.3.2.1 Telegram -- 1.3.2.2 Telex -- 1.3.2.3 Facsimile -- 1.3.2.4 The Digital Era -- 1.3.3 Developments in Transmission Media -- 1.3.3.1 Copper Cable -- 1.3.3.2 Radio -- 1.3.3.3 Optical Fibre -- 1.4 Communication System Elements -- 1.4.1 Information Source -- 1.4.1.1 Audio Input Devices -- 1.4.1.2 Video Input Devices -- 1.4.1.3 Data Input Devices -- 1.4.1.4 Sensors -- 1.4.2 Information Sink -- 1.4.2.1 Audio Output Device -- 1.4.2.2 Visual Display Devices -- 1.4.2.3 Storage Devices -- 1.4.3 Transmitter -- 1.4.4 Receiver -- 1.5 Classification of Communication Systems -- 1.5.1 Simplex Versus Duplex Communication Systems -- 1.5.2 Analogue Versus Digital Communication Systems -- 1.5.3 Baseband Versus Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.3.1 Analogue Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.2 Discrete Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.3 Digital Baseband Communication System -- 1.5.3.4 Modulated Communication Systems -- 1.5.4 Circuit Versus Packet Switching -- 1.5.4.1 Circuit Switching -- 1.5.4.2 Packet Switching -- 1.6 Epilogue -- References -- Review Questions -- Chapter 2 Introduction to Signals and Systems -- 2.1 Introduction 2.2 What Is a Signal? -- 2.3 Forms of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4 Subjective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.4.1 Speech -- 2.4.2 Music -- 2.4.3 Video -- 2.4.4 Digital Data -- 2.4.5 Facsimile -- 2.4.6 Ancillary and Control Signals -- 2.5 Objective Classification of Telecommunication Signals -- 2.5.1 Analogue or Digital -- 2.5.2 Periodic or Nonperiodic -- 2.5.3 Deterministic or Random -- 2.5.4 Power or Energy -- 2.5.5 Even or Odd -- 2.6 Special Waveforms and Signals -- 2.6.1 Unit Step Function -- 2.6.2 Signum Function -- 2.6.3 Rectangular Pulse -- 2.6.4 Ramp Pulse -- 2.6.5 Triangular Pulse -- 2.6.6 Sawtooth and Trapezoidal Pulses -- 2.6.7 Unit Impulse Function -- 2.6.8 Sinc Function -- 2.7 Sinusoidal Signals -- 2.7.1 Qualitative Introduction -- 2.7.2 Parameters of a Sinusoidal Signal -- 2.7.2.1 Angle -- 2.7.2.2 Amplitude -- 2.7.2.3 Angular Frequency -- 2.7.2.4 Frequency -- 2.7.2.5 Period -- 2.7.2.6 Wavelength -- 2.7.2.7 Initial Phase -- 2.7.2.8 Phase Difference -- 2.7.3 Addition of Sinusoids -- 2.7.3.1 Same Frequency and Phase -- 2.7.3.2 Same Frequency but Different Phases -- 2.7.3.3 Multiple Sinusoids of Different Frequencies -- 2.7.3.4 Beats Involving Two Sinusoids -- 2.7.4 Multiplication of Sinusoids -- 2.8 Logarithmic Units -- 2.8.1 Logarithmic Units for System Gain -- 2.8.2 Logarithmic Units for Voltage, Power, and Other Quantities -- 2.8.3 Logarithmic Unit Dos and Don'ts -- 2.9 Calibration of a Signal Transmission Path -- 2.10 Systems and Their Properties -- 2.10.1 Memory -- 2.10.2 Stability -- 2.10.3 Causality -- 2.10.4 Linearity -- 2.10.5 Time Invariance -- 2.10.6 Invertibility -- 2.11 Summary -- Questions -- Chapter 3 Time Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Signal Operations -- 3.2.1 Time Shifting (Signal Delay and Advance) -- 3.2.2 Time Reversal -- 3.2.3 Time Scaling 3.3 Random Signals -- 3.3.1 Random Processes -- 3.3.2 Random Signal Parameters -- 3.3.3 Stationarity and Ergodicity -- 3.4 Standard Distribution Functions -- 3.4.1 Gaussian or Normal Distribution -- 3.4.2 Rayleigh Distribution -- 3.4.3 Lognormal Distribution -- 3.4.4 Rician Distribution -- 3.4.5 Exponential and Poisson Distributions -- 3.5 Signal Characterisation -- 3.5.1 Mean -- 3.5.2 Power -- 3.5.3 Energy -- 3.5.4 Root‐mean‐square Value -- 3.5.5 Autocorrelation -- 3.5.6 Covariance and Correlation Coefficient -- 3.6 Linear Time Invariant System Analysis -- 3.6.1 LTI System Response -- 3.6.2 Evaluation of Convolution Integral -- 3.6.3 Evaluation of Convolution Sum -- 3.6.4 Autocorrelation and Convolution -- 3.7 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 4 Frequency Domain Analysis of Signals and Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fourier Series -- 4.2.1 Sinusoidal Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.1.1 Time Shifting -- 4.2.1.2 Time Reversal -- 4.2.1.3 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.2.1.4 Piecewise Linear Functions -- 4.2.2 Complex Exponential Form of Fourier Series -- 4.2.3 Amplitude and Phase Spectra -- 4.2.3.1 Double‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.3.2 Single‐sided Spectrum -- 4.2.4 Fourier Series Application to Selected Waveforms -- 4.2.4.1 Flat-top-Sampled Signal -- 4.2.4.2 Binary ASK Signal and Sinusoidal Pulse Train -- 4.2.4.3 Trapezoidal Pulse Train -- 4.3 Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1 Properties of the Fourier Transform -- 4.3.1.1 Even and Odd Functions -- 4.3.1.2 Linearity -- 4.3.1.3 Time Shifting -- 4.3.1.4 Frequency Shifting -- 4.3.1.5 Time Scaling -- 4.3.1.6 Time Reversal -- 4.3.1.7 Complex Conjugation -- 4.3.1.8 Duality -- 4.3.1.9 Differentiation -- 4.3.1.10 Integration -- 4.3.1.11 Multiplication -- 4.3.1.12 Convolution -- 4.3.1.13 Areas -- 4.3.1.14 Energy -- 4.3.2 Table of Fourier Transforms -- 4.3.3 Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals 4.4 Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Transform -- 4.4.1.1 Periodicity -- 4.4.1.2 Symmetry -- 4.4.2 Fast Fourier Transform -- 4.4.3 Practical Issues in DFT Implementation -- 4.4.3.1 Aliasing -- 4.4.3.2 Frequency Resolution -- 4.4.3.3 Spectral Leakage -- 4.4.3.4 Spectral Smearing -- 4.4.3.5 Spectral Density and Its Variance -- 4.5 Laplace and z‐transforms -- 4.5.1 Laplace Transform -- 4.5.2 z‐transform -- 4.6 Inverse Relationship Between Time and Frequency Domains -- 4.7 Frequency Domain Characterisation of LTI Systems -- 4.7.1 Transfer Function -- 4.7.2 Output Spectral Density of LTI Systems -- 4.7.3 Signal and System Bandwidths -- 4.7.3.1 Subjective Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.2 Null Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.3 3 dB Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.4 Fractional Power Containment Bandwidth -- 4.7.3.5 Noise Equivalent Bandwidth -- 4.7.4 Distortionless Transmission -- 4.7.5 Attenuation and Delay Distortions -- 4.7.6 Nonlinear Distortions -- 4.8 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 5 Transmission Media -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Metallic Line Systems -- 5.2.1 Wire Pairs -- 5.2.2 Coaxial Cable -- 5.2.3 Attenuation in Metallic Lines -- 5.3 Transmission Line Theory -- 5.3.1 Incident and Reflected Waves -- 5.3.2 Secondary Line Constants -- 5.3.3 Characteristic Impedance -- 5.3.4 Reflection and Transmission Coefficients -- 5.3.5 Standing Waves -- 5.3.6 Line Impedance and Admittance -- 5.3.7 Line Termination and Impedance Matching -- 5.3.8 Scattering Parameters -- 5.3.9 Smith Chart -- 5.4 Optical Fibre -- 5.4.1 Optical Fibre Types -- 5.4.1.1 Single‐mode Step Index -- 5.4.1.2 Multimode Step Index Fibre -- 5.4.1.3 Multimode Graded Index -- 5.4.2 Coupling of Light into Fibre -- 5.4.3 Attenuation in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.3.1 Intrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.3.2 Extrinsic Fibre Loss -- 5.4.4 Dispersion in Optical Fibre -- 5.4.4.1 Intermodal Dispersion 5.4.4.2 Intramodal Dispersion -- 5.5 Radio -- 5.5.1 Maxwell's Equations -- 5.5.2 Radio Wave Propagation Modes -- 5.5.2.1 Ground Wave -- 5.5.2.2 Sky Wave -- 5.5.2.3 Line‐of‐sight (LOS) -- 5.5.2.4 Satellite Communications -- 5.5.2.5 Mobile Communications -- 5.5.2.6 Ionospheric Scatter -- 5.5.2.7 Tropospheric Scatter -- 5.5.3 Radio Wave Propagation Effects -- 5.5.3.1 Ionospheric Effects -- 5.5.3.2 Tropospheric Attenuation -- 5.5.3.3 Tropospheric Scintillation -- 5.5.3.4 Depolarisation -- 5.5.3.5 Tropospheric Refraction -- 5.5.4 Reflection and Refraction -- 5.5.5 Rough Surface Scattering -- 5.5.6 Diffraction -- 5.5.6.1 Diffraction Configuration and Terms -- 5.5.6.2 Fresnel Zones -- 5.5.6.3 Knife‐edge Diffraction Loss -- 5.5.7 Path Loss -- 5.5.7.1 Free Space Path Loss -- 5.5.7.2 Plane Earth Propagation Path Loss -- 5.5.7.3 Terrestrial Cellular Radio Path Loss -- 5.5.8 Radio Frequency Allocation -- 5.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 6 Noise in Communication Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Physical Sources of Random Noise -- 6.2.1 Thermal or Johnson Noise -- 6.2.2 Quantisation Noise -- 6.2.3 Radio or Sky Noise -- 6.2.4 Shot Noise -- 6.2.5 Partition Noise -- 6.2.6 Quantum Noise -- 6.2.7 Flicker or 1/f Noise -- 6.3 Additive White Gaussian Noise -- 6.3.1 Gaussian PDF of Noise -- 6.3.2 White Noise -- 6.3.3 Canonical and Envelope Representations of Noise -- 6.4 System Noise Calculations -- 6.4.1 Available Noise Power -- 6.4.2 Equivalent Noise Temperature -- 6.4.3 Noise Figure of a Single System -- 6.4.4 Noise Figure of Cascaded Systems -- 6.4.5 Overall System Noise Temperature -- 6.4.6 Signal‐to‐noise Ratio -- 6.5 Noise Effects in Communication Systems -- 6.5.1 SNR in Analogue Communication Systems -- 6.5.2 BER in Digital Communication Systems -- 6.6 Summary -- References -- Questions -- Chapter 7 Amplitude Modulation -- 7.1 Introduction 7.2 AM Signals: Time Domain Description Digital communications Nachrichtentechnik (DE-588)4041066-3 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4041066-3
title	Communication engineering principles
title_alt	Digital communications
title_auth	Communication engineering principles
title_exact_search	Communication engineering principles
title_exact_search_txtP	Communication engineering principles
title_full	Communication engineering principles Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK)
title_fullStr	Communication engineering principles Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK)
title_full_unstemmed	Communication engineering principles Ifiok Otung (University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK)
title_short	Communication engineering principles
title_sort	communication engineering principles
topic	Digital communications Nachrichtentechnik (DE-588)4041066-3 gnd
topic_facet	Digital communications Nachrichtentechnik
url	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/book/9415287
work_keys_str_mv	AT otungifiok digitalcommunications AT otungifiok communicationengineeringprinciples

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