Holdings: Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System

Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System: indications, examination protocols, findings

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Bibliographic Details
Other Authors:	Kofler, Prof. Dr. med. vet. Johann (Editor)
Format:	Book
Language:	German
Published:	Hannover Schlütersche 2021
Series:	Vetpraxis
Subjects:	cattle ultrasonography ultrasonic diagnosis ultrasounds diagnostic techniques veterinary practice limb bones animal anatomy Bewegungsapparat Rind Ultraschalldiagnostik
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Physical Description:	XII, 259 Seiten Illustrationen 27.5 cm x 21 cm
ISBN:	9783899939767 389993976X

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adam_text	CONTENTS AUTHORS IX 2.4 GENERAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS PREFACE ........................................................................ XI IN ARTHRITIS, TENOSYNOVITIS, BURSITIS, ABSCESSES AND HEMATOMAS ....................... 12 1 PRINCIPLES OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING 2.4.1 ARTHRITIS, TENOSYNOVITIS AND BURSITIS ............ 12 OF THE BOVINE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM .. 1 2.4.2 ABSCESSES AND HEMATOMAS ........................... 22 SEBASTIEN BUCZINSKI, ISABELLE MASSEAU 2.5 CONCLUSIONS ................................................. 24 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 1 1.2 PHYSICS AND ACOUSTIC PRINCIPLES ................ 1 3 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF 1.2.1 SPECULAR REFLECTION ....................................... 2 THE DISTAL AND PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL 1.2.2 DIFFUSE REFLECTION (SCATTERING) ................... 3 JOINT REGIONS ................................................ 25 1.2.3 ATTENUATION ................................................... 3 MAIKE HEPPELMANN, ALEXANDER STARKE, 1.2.4 AXIAL, LATERAL AND ELEVATIONAL RESOLUTION ....... 3 JOHANN KOFLER 1.3 ARTIFACTS ........................................................ 4 3.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 25 1.3.1 ARTIFACTS ASSOCIATED WITH RESOLUTION 3.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS ....................................................... 5 EXAMINATION ................................................. 25 1.3.2 REFRACTION OR DOUBLE IMAGE ARTIFACTS ........... 5 3.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 26 1.3.3 REVERBERATION ARTIFACT ................................... 5 3.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 1.3.4 COMET-TAIL AND RING-DOWN ARTIFACTS .............. 5 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 26 1.3.5 DISTAL ACOUSTIC ENHANCEMENT ....................... 6 3.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 1.3.6 DISTAL ACOUSTIC SHADOWING ARTIFACT .............. 7 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 27 1.3.7 EDGE SHADOWING ARTIFACT ................................ 8 3.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 29 1.3.8 FAN OR OTHER ELECTRICAL INDUCED ARTIFACTS .... 8 3.6.1 ARTHRITIS OF THE DU ......................................... 29 1.4 PROBES AND FREQUENCIES ............................ 9 3.6.2 ARTHRITIS OF THE PIJ ......................................... 30 1.5 PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT AND THE REGION OF INTEREST ..................................................... 9 3.6.3 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS ............................ 33 1.6 ORIENTATION AND USE OF A STANDARDIZED 4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROTOCOL .. 9 METACARPO AND METATARSOPHALANGEAL 1.7 DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS AND JOINT REGIONS ................................................ 35 DOCUMENTATION ............................................ 10 4.1 JOHANN KOFLER INTRODUCTION ................................................. 35 2 ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF ARTHRITIS, 4.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC TENOSYNOVITIS, BURSITIS, ABSCESSES, EXAMINATION ................................................. 35 HEMATOMAS - GENERAL FINDINGS .............. 11 4.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 36 JOHANN KOFLER, ADRIAN STEINER, 4.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 37 2.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 11 4.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 2.2 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 38 FOR EXUDATE-FILLED CAVITIES ......................... 11 4.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 40 2.3 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 4.6.1 ARTHRITIS .......................................................... 40 OF JOINTS, TENDON SHEATHS AND BURSAE .... 12 4.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS ............................ 45 V 4.6.3 EDEMA, ABSCESSES AND THROMBOSES ............ 47 4.6.4 COLLATERAL LIGAMENT TEARS, LUXATION/ SUBLUXATION AND ADJOINING PHYSEAL FRACTURE .. 48 5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE CARPAL REGION .............................................. 51 JOHANN KOFLER, KARL NUSS 5.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 51 5.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION .................................................. 51 5.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 52 5.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 52 5.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 54 5.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 55 5.6.1 CARPAL ARTHRITIS .............................................. 55 5.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS ............................ 61 5.6.3 PRECARPAL BURSITIS (PRECARPAL HYGROMA) .... 62 5.6.4 TENOSYNOVITIS OF THE CARPAL EXTENSOR AND FLEXOR TENDON SHEATHS .................................... 63 5.6.5 EDEMA AND ABSCESSES ................................... 64 6 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE ELBOW REGION ................................................ 67 NAIDA CRISTINA BORGES, JOHANN KOFLER 6.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 67 6.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION .................................................. 67 6.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 67 6.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 68 6.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES .................... 70 6.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 72 6.6.1 ARTHRITIS .......................................................... 72 6.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS ............................ 75 6.6.3 FRACTURES, SUBLUXATIONS AND OSTEOARTHROSIS .. 75 7 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE SHOULDER REGION ........................................... 79 BIRGIT ALTENBRUNNER-MARTINEK, KARL NUSS, ALEXANDER STARKE, JOHANN KOFLER 7.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 79 7.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION .................................................. 79 7.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 79 7.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 81 7.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES .................... 82 7.5.1 SCAPULA AND HUMERUS ................................... 82 7.5.2 SCAPULOHUMERAL JOINT, BICIPITAL AND INFRASPINOUS BURSA ......................................... 82 7.5.3 TENDONS AND MUSCLES ................................... 82 7.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 84 7.6.1 ARTHRITIS .......................................................... 84 7.6.2 BURSITIS ........................................................... 86 7.6.3 OSTEOMYELITIS, OSTEITIS, AVULSION FRACTURES AND LUXATION ................................................... 87 7.6.4 PERIARTICULAR ABSCESS ..................................... 88 8 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE TARSAL REGION ................................................ 89 KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER 8.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 89 8.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION .................................................. 89 8.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 90 8.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 93 8.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ........................... 94 8.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 96 8.6.1 TARSAL ARTHRITIS ................................................ 96 8.6.2 LATERAL TARSAL HYGROMA/BURSITIS ..................... 100 8.6.3 DISORDERS OF THE CALCANEAL TUBER REGION ....... 100 9 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE STIFLE REGION ........................................... 105 JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS 9.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 105 9.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION .................................................. 105 9.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 106 9.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 107 9.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES .................... 109 9.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 112 9.6.1 STIFLE ARTHRITIS ................................................ 112 9.6.2 OSTEITIS, OSTEOMYELITIS AND OSTEOCHONDROSIS 116 9.6.3 STIFLE LIGAMENT AND MENISCAL INJURIES ............ 118 9.6.4 STIFLE BURSITIS .................................................. 119 9.6.5 ABSCESSES AND SEROMAS ................................ 120 VI 10 10.1 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE COXOFEMORAL JOINT AND PELVIC REGION .... JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS INTRODUCTION ................................................. 121 121 13 13.1 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF LIMB VESSELS .......................................................... JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE INTRODUCTION .................................................. 159 159 10.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 13.2 INDICATION FOR THE ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION ................................................. 121 EXAMINATION .................................................. 160 10.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 122 13.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 160 10.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 13.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 163 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 124 13.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 10.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCES OF ARTERIES AND VEINS ................................... 164 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 125 13.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 168 10.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 128 13.6.1 THROMBOSIS ................................................... 168 10.6.1 COXOFEMORAL ARTHRITIS ................................... 128 13.6.2 CALCINOSIS ....................................................... 172 10.6.2 COXOFEMORAL LUXATION ................................... 131 13.6.3 VARICOSITY ....................................................... 174 10.6.3 FRACTURES ....................................................... 132 13.6.4 PATHOLOGICAL PW-COLOR DOPPLER FLOW 10.6.4 DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE .......................... 134 CHARACTERISTICS ................................................ 174 10.6.5 MUSCLE LESIONS, ABSCESSES, HEMATOMAS, NERVE INJURIES, THROMBOSES AND TUMORS ................ 135 14 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF BONE LESIONS ................................................ 175 11 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF JOHANN KOFLER, ADRIAN STEINER, FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR TENDONS, TENDON ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS SHEATHS AND THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT .. 137 14.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 175 KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER 14.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 11.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 137 EXAMINATION OF THE BONE .......................... 175 11.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 14.3 ANATOMY OF BONE ......................................... 175 EXAMINATION ................................................. 137 14.4 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 11.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 138 OF BONE SURFACES ......................................... 176 11.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 14.5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS ON BONE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 138 SURFACES ........................................................ 177 11.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 14.5.1 FRACTURES AND FISSURES ................................... 177 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 140 14.5.2 SUBLUXATION AND LUXATION .............................. 182 11.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 142 14.5.3 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS ............................ 183 11.6.1 TEAR OR RUPTURE OF TENDONS/LIGAMENTS ......... 142 14.5.4 BONE SEQUESTRUM .......................................... 187 11.6.2 SEPTIC INFLAMMATION OF TENDON SHEATHS 14.5.5 OSTEOCHONDROSIS AND OSTEOARTHROSIS ........... 189 AND TENDONS ................................................... 144 14.5.6 BONE-ASSOCIATED TUMORS .............................. 192 14.6 CONCLUSIONS ................................................. 192 12 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF MUSCLES ........................................................ 147 15 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING AND KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER MEASUREMENT OF SOLE HORN 12.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 147 AND DIGITAL FAT CUSHION THICKNESSES ....... 193 12.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC KURT BACH, JOHANN KOFLER EXAMINATION ................................................. 148 15.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 193 12.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 148 15.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 12.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE EXAMINATION ................................................. 194 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 149 15.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 194 12.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 15.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 150 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 195 12.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 152 15.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES ................... 196 VII 15.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS .......................... 198 15.6.1 THIN SOLES ....................................................... 198 15.6.2 CHANGES IN THE DIGITAL CUSHION (SOLE S SOFT TISSUE) THICKNESS ....................... 200 15.6.3 ALTERATIONS OF THE SURFACE OF THE DISTAL PHALANX .................................................. 201 15.6.4 FRACTURES OF THE PEDAL BONE .......................... 203 16 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF BACKFAT THICKNESS ....................................... 205 HARALD POTHMANN 16.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 205 16.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF BFT .................................. 205 16.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 206 16.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 206 16.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES .................... 207 16.6 REFERENCE VALUES FOR DIFFERENT BREEDS ... 208 16.7 CORRELATION OF BFT WITH BCS ..................... 208 17 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF LARGE NERVES AND ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCKS OF THE LIMBS ......................... 211 MICHELA TATIANA RE, JAVIER BLANCO-MURCIA 17.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 211 17.2 PRINCIPLES OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCK ................................................... 211 17.2.1 ADVANTAGES OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED NERVE BLOCK ................................................... 211 17.2.2 NEEDLE INSERTION TECHNIQUE ........................... 211 17.3 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCKS ................................................ 213 17.3.1 INDICATIONS FOR FORELIMB ANESTHESIA: BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK ..................................... 213 17.3.2 INDICATION FOR HINDLIMB ANESTHESIA: SCIATIC AND FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK ................... 213 17.4 ANATOMY OF THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS AND THE SCIATIC AND FEMORAL NERVES .................. 213 17.4.1 BRACHIAL PLEXUS .............................................. 213 17.4.2 SCIATIC NERVE .................................................. 213 17.4.3 FEMORAL NERVE ................................................ 214 17.5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ......................... 214 17.5.1 BRACHIAL PLEXUS .............................................. 214 17.5.2 SCIATIC NERVE .................................................. 214 17.5.3 FEMORAL NERVE ................................................ 216 17.6 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE ... 216 17.6.1 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS ......................................... 217 17.6.2 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE SCIATIC NERVE ............................................ 217 17.6.3 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE FEMORAL NERVE ......................................... 219 17.7 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ......................... 219 18 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE SPINAL CORD ................................................... 221 SONJA FRANZ, ARCANGELO GENTILE 18.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 221 18.2 INDICATION FOR SPINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY .... 222 18.3 ANATOMY ....................................................... 222 18.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR THE SPINAL CORD AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS ................................ 223 18.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE SPINAL CORD IN THE THREE ACOUSTIC WINDOWS ....................................................... 226 18.5.1 ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL ACOUSTIC WINDOW .............. 226 18.5.2 LUMBAR ACOUSTIC WINDOW .............................. 226 18.5.3 LUMBO-SACRAL ACOUSTIC WINDOW ................... 228 18.6 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED COLLECTION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ..................................... 228 18.7 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF THE SPINAL CORD ................................................... 229 19 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED JOINT AND SOFT TISSUE INTERVENTIONS ......................... 233 JOHANN KOFLER 19.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 233 19.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASOUND-GUIDED JOINT AND SOFT TISSUE INTERVENTIONS ................... 233 19.3 APPLICATION PROCEDURE ................................ 234 APPENDIX ....................................................................... 239 REFERENCES ................................................................... 240 INDEX .............................................................................. 253 VIII
adam_txt	CONTENTS AUTHORS IX 2.4 GENERAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS PREFACE . XI IN ARTHRITIS, TENOSYNOVITIS, BURSITIS, ABSCESSES AND HEMATOMAS . 12 1 PRINCIPLES OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING 2.4.1 ARTHRITIS, TENOSYNOVITIS AND BURSITIS . 12 OF THE BOVINE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM . 1 2.4.2 ABSCESSES AND HEMATOMAS . 22 SEBASTIEN BUCZINSKI, ISABELLE MASSEAU 2.5 CONCLUSIONS . 24 1.1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.2 PHYSICS AND ACOUSTIC PRINCIPLES . 1 3 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF 1.2.1 SPECULAR REFLECTION . 2 THE DISTAL AND PROXIMAL INTERPHALANGEAL 1.2.2 DIFFUSE REFLECTION (SCATTERING) . 3 JOINT REGIONS . 25 1.2.3 ATTENUATION . 3 MAIKE HEPPELMANN, ALEXANDER STARKE, 1.2.4 AXIAL, LATERAL AND ELEVATIONAL RESOLUTION . 3 JOHANN KOFLER 1.3 ARTIFACTS . 4 3.1 INTRODUCTION . 25 1.3.1 ARTIFACTS ASSOCIATED WITH RESOLUTION 3.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS . 5 EXAMINATION . 25 1.3.2 REFRACTION OR DOUBLE IMAGE ARTIFACTS . 5 3.3 ANATOMY . 26 1.3.3 REVERBERATION ARTIFACT . 5 3.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 1.3.4 COMET-TAIL AND RING-DOWN ARTIFACTS . 5 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 26 1.3.5 DISTAL ACOUSTIC ENHANCEMENT . 6 3.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 1.3.6 DISTAL ACOUSTIC SHADOWING ARTIFACT . 7 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 27 1.3.7 EDGE SHADOWING ARTIFACT . 8 3.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 29 1.3.8 FAN OR OTHER ELECTRICAL INDUCED ARTIFACTS . 8 3.6.1 ARTHRITIS OF THE DU . 29 1.4 PROBES AND FREQUENCIES . 9 3.6.2 ARTHRITIS OF THE PIJ . 30 1.5 PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT AND THE REGION OF INTEREST . 9 3.6.3 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS . 33 1.6 ORIENTATION AND USE OF A STANDARDIZED 4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROTOCOL . 9 METACARPO AND METATARSOPHALANGEAL 1.7 DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS AND JOINT REGIONS . 35 DOCUMENTATION . 10 4.1 JOHANN KOFLER INTRODUCTION . 35 2 ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF ARTHRITIS, 4.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC TENOSYNOVITIS, BURSITIS, ABSCESSES, EXAMINATION . 35 HEMATOMAS - GENERAL FINDINGS . 11 4.3 ANATOMY . 36 JOHANN KOFLER, ADRIAN STEINER, 4.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 37 2.1 INTRODUCTION . 11 4.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 2.2 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 38 FOR EXUDATE-FILLED CAVITIES . 11 4.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 40 2.3 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 4.6.1 ARTHRITIS . 40 OF JOINTS, TENDON SHEATHS AND BURSAE . 12 4.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS . 45 V 4.6.3 EDEMA, ABSCESSES AND THROMBOSES . 47 4.6.4 COLLATERAL LIGAMENT TEARS, LUXATION/ SUBLUXATION AND ADJOINING PHYSEAL FRACTURE . 48 5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE CARPAL REGION . 51 JOHANN KOFLER, KARL NUSS 5.1 INTRODUCTION . 51 5.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 51 5.3 ANATOMY . 52 5.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 52 5.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 54 5.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 55 5.6.1 CARPAL ARTHRITIS . 55 5.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS . 61 5.6.3 PRECARPAL BURSITIS (PRECARPAL HYGROMA) . 62 5.6.4 TENOSYNOVITIS OF THE CARPAL EXTENSOR AND FLEXOR TENDON SHEATHS . 63 5.6.5 EDEMA AND ABSCESSES . 64 6 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE ELBOW REGION . 67 NAIDA CRISTINA BORGES, JOHANN KOFLER 6.1 INTRODUCTION . 67 6.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 67 6.3 ANATOMY . 67 6.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 68 6.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 70 6.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 72 6.6.1 ARTHRITIS . 72 6.6.2 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS . 75 6.6.3 FRACTURES, SUBLUXATIONS AND OSTEOARTHROSIS . 75 7 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE SHOULDER REGION . 79 BIRGIT ALTENBRUNNER-MARTINEK, KARL NUSS, ALEXANDER STARKE, JOHANN KOFLER 7.1 INTRODUCTION . 79 7.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 79 7.3 ANATOMY . 79 7.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 81 7.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 82 7.5.1 SCAPULA AND HUMERUS . 82 7.5.2 SCAPULOHUMERAL JOINT, BICIPITAL AND INFRASPINOUS BURSA . 82 7.5.3 TENDONS AND MUSCLES . 82 7.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 84 7.6.1 ARTHRITIS . 84 7.6.2 BURSITIS . 86 7.6.3 OSTEOMYELITIS, OSTEITIS, AVULSION FRACTURES AND LUXATION . 87 7.6.4 PERIARTICULAR ABSCESS . 88 8 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE TARSAL REGION . 89 KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER 8.1 INTRODUCTION . 89 8.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 89 8.3 ANATOMY . 90 8.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 93 8.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 94 8.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 96 8.6.1 TARSAL ARTHRITIS . 96 8.6.2 LATERAL TARSAL HYGROMA/BURSITIS . 100 8.6.3 DISORDERS OF THE CALCANEAL TUBER REGION . 100 9 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE STIFLE REGION . 105 JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS 9.1 INTRODUCTION . 105 9.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 105 9.3 ANATOMY . 106 9.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 107 9.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 109 9.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 112 9.6.1 STIFLE ARTHRITIS . 112 9.6.2 OSTEITIS, OSTEOMYELITIS AND OSTEOCHONDROSIS 116 9.6.3 STIFLE LIGAMENT AND MENISCAL INJURIES . 118 9.6.4 STIFLE BURSITIS . 119 9.6.5 ABSCESSES AND SEROMAS . 120 VI 10 10.1 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF THE COXOFEMORAL JOINT AND PELVIC REGION . JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS INTRODUCTION . 121 121 13 13.1 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF LIMB VESSELS . JOHANN KOFLER, ALEXANDER STARKE INTRODUCTION . 159 159 10.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 13.2 INDICATION FOR THE ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION . 121 EXAMINATION . 160 10.3 ANATOMY . 122 13.3 ANATOMY . 160 10.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 13.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 163 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 124 13.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 10.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCES OF ARTERIES AND VEINS . 164 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 125 13.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 168 10.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 128 13.6.1 THROMBOSIS . 168 10.6.1 COXOFEMORAL ARTHRITIS . 128 13.6.2 CALCINOSIS . 172 10.6.2 COXOFEMORAL LUXATION . 131 13.6.3 VARICOSITY . 174 10.6.3 FRACTURES . 132 13.6.4 PATHOLOGICAL PW-COLOR DOPPLER FLOW 10.6.4 DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE . 134 CHARACTERISTICS . 174 10.6.5 MUSCLE LESIONS, ABSCESSES, HEMATOMAS, NERVE INJURIES, THROMBOSES AND TUMORS . 135 14 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF BONE LESIONS . 175 11 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF JOHANN KOFLER, ADRIAN STEINER, FLEXOR AND EXTENSOR TENDONS, TENDON ALEXANDER STARKE, KARL NUSS SHEATHS AND THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT . 137 14.1 INTRODUCTION . 175 KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER 14.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 11.1 INTRODUCTION . 137 EXAMINATION OF THE BONE . 175 11.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 14.3 ANATOMY OF BONE . 175 EXAMINATION . 137 14.4 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 11.3 ANATOMY . 138 OF BONE SURFACES . 176 11.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE 14.5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS ON BONE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 138 SURFACES . 177 11.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 14.5.1 FRACTURES AND FISSURES . 177 OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 140 14.5.2 SUBLUXATION AND LUXATION . 182 11.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 142 14.5.3 OSTEITIS AND OSTEOMYELITIS . 183 11.6.1 TEAR OR RUPTURE OF TENDONS/LIGAMENTS . 142 14.5.4 BONE SEQUESTRUM . 187 11.6.2 SEPTIC INFLAMMATION OF TENDON SHEATHS 14.5.5 OSTEOCHONDROSIS AND OSTEOARTHROSIS . 189 AND TENDONS . 144 14.5.6 BONE-ASSOCIATED TUMORS . 192 14.6 CONCLUSIONS . 192 12 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF MUSCLES . 147 15 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING AND KARL NUSS, JOHANN KOFLER MEASUREMENT OF SOLE HORN 12.1 INTRODUCTION . 147 AND DIGITAL FAT CUSHION THICKNESSES . 193 12.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC KURT BACH, JOHANN KOFLER EXAMINATION . 148 15.1 INTRODUCTION . 193 12.3 ANATOMY . 148 15.2 INDICATION FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC 12.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE EXAMINATION . 194 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 149 15.3 ANATOMY . 194 12.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE 15.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 150 AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 195 12.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 152 15.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 196 VII 15.6 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 198 15.6.1 THIN SOLES . 198 15.6.2 CHANGES IN THE DIGITAL CUSHION (SOLE ' S SOFT TISSUE) THICKNESS . 200 15.6.3 ALTERATIONS OF THE SURFACE OF THE DISTAL PHALANX . 201 15.6.4 FRACTURES OF THE PEDAL BONE . 203 16 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF BACKFAT THICKNESS . 205 HARALD POTHMANN 16.1 INTRODUCTION . 205 16.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASONOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF BFT . 205 16.3 ANATOMY . 206 16.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 206 16.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES . 207 16.6 REFERENCE VALUES FOR DIFFERENT BREEDS . 208 16.7 CORRELATION OF BFT WITH BCS . 208 17 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF LARGE NERVES AND ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCKS OF THE LIMBS . 211 MICHELA TATIANA RE, JAVIER BLANCO-MURCIA 17.1 INTRODUCTION . 211 17.2 PRINCIPLES OF ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCK . 211 17.2.1 ADVANTAGES OF ULTRASOUND GUIDED NERVE BLOCK . 211 17.2.2 NEEDLE INSERTION TECHNIQUE . 211 17.3 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASOUND-GUIDED NERVE BLOCKS . 213 17.3.1 INDICATIONS FOR FORELIMB ANESTHESIA: BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCK . 213 17.3.2 INDICATION FOR HINDLIMB ANESTHESIA: SCIATIC AND FEMORAL NERVE BLOCK . 213 17.4 ANATOMY OF THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS AND THE SCIATIC AND FEMORAL NERVES . 213 17.4.1 BRACHIAL PLEXUS . 213 17.4.2 SCIATIC NERVE . 213 17.4.3 FEMORAL NERVE . 214 17.5 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 214 17.5.1 BRACHIAL PLEXUS . 214 17.5.2 SCIATIC NERVE . 214 17.5.3 FEMORAL NERVE . 216 17.6 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE . 216 17.6.1 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS . 217 17.6.2 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE SCIATIC NERVE . 217 17.6.3 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE FEMORAL NERVE . 219 17.7 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS . 219 18 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC IMAGING OF THE SPINAL CORD . 221 SONJA FRANZ, ARCANGELO GENTILE 18.1 INTRODUCTION . 221 18.2 INDICATION FOR SPINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY . 222 18.3 ANATOMY . 222 18.4 ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR THE SPINAL CORD AND ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS . 223 18.5 NORMAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE SPINAL CORD IN THE THREE ACOUSTIC WINDOWS . 226 18.5.1 ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL ACOUSTIC WINDOW . 226 18.5.2 LUMBAR ACOUSTIC WINDOW . 226 18.5.3 LUMBO-SACRAL ACOUSTIC WINDOW . 228 18.6 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED COLLECTION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID . 228 18.7 SONOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS OF THE SPINAL CORD . 229 19 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED JOINT AND SOFT TISSUE INTERVENTIONS . 233 JOHANN KOFLER 19.1 INTRODUCTION . 233 19.2 INDICATIONS FOR ULTRASOUND-GUIDED JOINT AND SOFT TISSUE INTERVENTIONS . 233 19.3 APPLICATION PROCEDURE . 234 APPENDIX . 239 REFERENCES . 240 INDEX . 253 VIII
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spelling	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings Hannover Schlütersche 2021 XII, 259 Seiten Illustrationen 27.5 cm x 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Vetpraxis cattle cabt ultrasonography cabt ultrasonic diagnosis cabt ultrasounds cabt diagnostic techniques cabt veterinary practice cabt limb bones cabt animal anatomy cabt Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 gnd rswk-swf Rind (DE-588)4050061-5 gnd rswk-swf Ultraschalldiagnostik (DE-588)4061557-1 gnd rswk-swf Rind (DE-588)4050061-5 s Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 s Ultraschalldiagnostik (DE-588)4061557-1 s DE-604 Kofler, Prof. Dr. med. vet. Johann edt Schlütersche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG (DE-588)1065173490 pbl Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9783842689619 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032797929&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings cattle cabt ultrasonography cabt ultrasonic diagnosis cabt ultrasounds cabt diagnostic techniques cabt veterinary practice cabt limb bones cabt animal anatomy cabt Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 gnd Rind (DE-588)4050061-5 gnd Ultraschalldiagnostik (DE-588)4061557-1 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4006318-5 (DE-588)4050061-5 (DE-588)4061557-1
title	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_auth	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_exact_search	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_exact_search_txtP	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_full	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_fullStr	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_full_unstemmed	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System indications, examination protocols, findings
title_short	Ultrasonography of the Bovine Musculoskeletal System
title_sort	ultrasonography of the bovine musculoskeletal system indications examination protocols findings
title_sub	indications, examination protocols, findings
topic	cattle cabt ultrasonography cabt ultrasonic diagnosis cabt ultrasounds cabt diagnostic techniques cabt veterinary practice cabt limb bones cabt animal anatomy cabt Bewegungsapparat (DE-588)4006318-5 gnd Rind (DE-588)4050061-5 gnd Ultraschalldiagnostik (DE-588)4061557-1 gnd
topic_facet	cattle ultrasonography ultrasonic diagnosis ultrasounds diagnostic techniques veterinary practice limb bones animal anatomy Bewegungsapparat Rind Ultraschalldiagnostik
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032797929&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT koflerprofdrmedvetjohann ultrasonographyofthebovinemusculoskeletalsystemindicationsexaminationprotocolsfindings AT schluterscheverlagsgesellschaftmbhcokg ultrasonographyofthebovinemusculoskeletalsystemindicationsexaminationprotocolsfindings

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