International arbitration: comparative and Swiss perspectives
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| Language: | English |
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Baden-Baden
Nomos
2021
Zürich ; Basel ; Genf Schulthess |
| Edition: | Fourth extended edition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturverzeichnis Seite XXXIX-LXXI |
| Physical Description: | LXXXV, 726 Seiten 24.5 cm x 17.5 cm |
| ISBN: | 9783848770434 9783725581450 |
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MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Girsberger, Daniel |d 1960- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)111727685 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a International arbitration |b comparative and Swiss perspectives |c Prof. Dr. Daniel Girsberger, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., Prof. Dr. Nathalie Voser, Attorney-at-law, LL. M. with the assistance of Fabian Loretan, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., and Sanela Ninković, LL. M. |
| 250 | |a Fourth extended edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Baden-Baden |b Nomos |c 2021 | |
| 264 | 1 | |a Zürich ; Basel ; Genf |b Schulthess | |
| 300 | |a LXXXV, 726 Seiten |c 24.5 cm x 17.5 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturverzeichnis Seite XXXIX-LXXI | ||
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| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit |0 (DE-588)4052348-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Schweiz |0 (DE-588)4053881-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | |a Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit | ||
| 653 | |a Schiedsverfahren | ||
| 653 | |a Internationales Schiedsverfahren | ||
| 653 | |a Court of Arbitration for Sports | ||
| 653 | |a Swiss PILA | ||
| 653 | |a Federal Supreme Court | ||
| 653 | |a ICC | ||
| 653 | |a LCIA | ||
| 653 | |a DIS | ||
| 653 | |a SCC | ||
| 653 | |a SIAC | ||
| 653 | |a HKIA | ||
| 653 | |a VIAC | ||
| 653 | |a Arbitrial Procedure | ||
| 653 | |a Arbitrial Tribunal | ||
| 653 | |a Types of arbitration | ||
| 653 | |a Arbitration agreement | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Loretan, Fabian |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1231800275 |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ninković, Sanela |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)1231800372 |4 oth | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1805076040598421504 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
SUMMARY
CONTENTS
AUTHORS
'
PREFACE
.
V
CONTENTS
.
XV
BIBLIOGRAPHY
.
XXXIX
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
LXXIII
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
1
CHAPTER
2
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
73
CHAPTER
3
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
173
CHAPTER
4
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
243
CHAPTER
5
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
339
CHAPTER
6
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
CASE
.
391
CHAPTER
7
THE
AWARD
.
423
CHAPTER
8
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
521
CHAPTER
9
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
.
575
CHAPTER
10
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
613
TABLE
OF
CASES
.
663
INDEX
.
703
XIII
CONTENTS
AUTHORS
'
PREFACE
.
V
SUMMARY
CONTENTS
.
XIII
BIBLIOGRAPHY
.
XXXIX
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
LXXIII
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
1
A.
THE
CONCEPT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
3
I.
THE
FUNDAMENTAL
FEATURES
OF
ARBITRATION
AND
THE
MAIN
DIFFERENCES
FROM
STATE
COURT
LITIGATION
.
3
1.
DEFINITION
.
3
2.
ARBITRATION
AS
AN
ALTERNATIVE
MEANS
OF
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
.
3
3.
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
-
FOUNDATION
OF
EVERY
ARBITRATION
.
3
4.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
4
5.
THE
PARTIES
CHOOSE
THE
PLACE/SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
6
6.
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEDURE
IS
DETERMINED
AND
CONTROLLED
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
7
7.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
RENDERS
A
FINAL,
BINDING
AND
ENFORCEABLE
DECISION
.
7
8.
ARBITRABILITY
.
8
II.
OTHER
FORMS
OF
ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
.
8
1.
WHAT
DOES
ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
(ADR)
MEAN?
.
8
2.
MEDIATION
AND
CONCILIATION
.
9
3.
EXPERT
DETERMINATION
.
13
4.
JUDICIAL
CONCILIATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
15
B.
TYPES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
17
I.
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
VS.
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
17
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
17
2.
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
.
17
A)
ADVANTAGES
.
17
B)
DISADVANTAGES
.
19
C)
PROPER
DRAFTING
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
IN
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
.
21
3.
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
22
A)
OVERVIEW
.
22
B)
ADVANTAGES
.
24
C)
DISADVANTAGES
.
25
D)
CHOICE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
.
25
E)
DRAFTING
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
IN
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
27
XV
II.
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
VS.
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
28
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
28
2.
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
28
A)
FOCUS
ON
THE
PARTIES
TO
THE
DISPUTE
.
28
B)
FOCUS
ON
THE
NATURE
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
29
C)
A
COMBINED
APPROACH
.
30
3.
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
.
30
4.
DIFFICULTIES
RESULTING
FROM
THE
DIFFERENT
CONCEPTS
OF
"
INTERNATIONAL
"
AND
"
DOMESTIC
"
.
31
C.
ADVANTAGES
AND
DISADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
I.
ADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
1.
OPPORTUNITY
TO
CHOOSE
THE
PLACE
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
2.
OPPORTUNITY
TO
CHOOSE
THE
MEMBERS
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
32
3.
ARBITRATION
LEADS
TO
AN
ENFORCEABLE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
33
4.
FLEXIBILITY
OF
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
35
5.
CONFIDENTIALITY
.
36
6.
TIME
.
37
II.
DISADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
38
1.
COSTS
.
38
2.
LIMITED
POWERS
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
40
3.
CONFLICTING
AWARDS
.
40
D.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
ARBITRATION
.
41
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
41
II.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
.
41
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
41
2.
SWITZERLAND
.
41
III.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
45
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
45
2.
SUPRANATIONAL
LAW
.
45
A)
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
45
B)
THE
GENEVA
PROTOCOL
AND
THE
GENEVA
CONVENTION
.
46
3.
NATIONAL
LAW
.
47
A)
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
47
B)
UNCITRAL
MODEL
LAW
.
49
C)
CHAPTER
12
OF
THE
SPILA
.
50
AA)
GENERAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
50
BB)
CONDITIONS
FOR
THE
APPLICATION
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
52
(I)
FIRST
CONDITION:
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
53
XVI
(II)
SECOND
CONDITION:
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
HAS
ITS
DOMICILE,
HABITUAL
RESIDENCE
OR
CORPORATE
SEAT
OUTSIDE
SWITZERLAND
.
53
(III)
THIRD
CONDITION:
NO
OPTING-OUT
.
55
D)
THE
2020
REVISION
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
55
4.
NON-NATIONAL
LAW:
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
PARTIES
OR
CHOSEN
ARBITRATION
RULES
57
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
57
B)
AD
HOC
AND
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
57
C)
A
FEW
IMPORTANT
AND
WELL-KNOWN
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
58
AA)
INTERNATIONAL
CHAMBER
OF
COMMERCE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
58
BB)
LONDON
COURT
OF
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
60
CC)
INTERNATIONAL
CENTRE
FOR
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
PROCEDURES
.
61
DD)
SWISS
CHAMBERS
'
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTION
(IN
2021
RENAMED:
"
SWISS
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
"
)
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
62
EE)
CHINA
INTERNATIONAL
ECONOMIC
AND
TRADE
ARBITRATION
COMMISSION
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
63
FF)
SINGAPORE
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
64
GG)
HONG
KONG
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
65
HH)
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTE
OF
THE
STOCKHOLM
CHAMBER
OF
COMMERCE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
66
II)
GERMAN
INSTITUTION
OF
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
67
D)
SPECIALIZED
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTIONS
.
67
AA)
COURT
OF
ARBITRATION
FOR
SPORT
.
67
BB)
INTERNATIONAL
CENTRE
FOR
SETTLEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
DISPUTES
.
68
CC)
WORLD
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
ORGANIZATION
.
69
5.
BEST
PRACTICE
STANDARDS
.
70
CHAPTER
2
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
73
A.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
75
I.
DEFINITION
AND
PURPOSE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
75
IL
KEY
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
75
B.
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
77
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
77
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
77
2.
FORM
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
78
3.
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
79
A)
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
80
AA)
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
80
BB)
DEGREE
OF
SPECIFICITY
REQUIRED
.
81
CC)
PATHOLOGICAL
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
.
82
XVII
DD)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
INCORPORATED
BY
REFERENCE
.
82
EE)
ASYMMETRICAL
CLAUSES
.
83
FF)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
IN
UNILATERAL
LEGAL
ACTS
AND
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
84
B)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
84
4.
WHO
IS
BOUND
BY
THE
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE?
.
85
5.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
88
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
88
B)
COUNTERCLAIM
.
89
C)
SET-OFF
.
89
6.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
THE
SUBJECT
MATTER
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
90
7.
CAPACITY
OF
PARTIES
TO
ENTER
INTO
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
92
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
94
1.
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
94
2.
FORM
OF
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
94
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
94
B)
REQUIREMENTS
UNDER
ART.
178(1)
SPILA
.
96
C)
SPECIAL
ISSUES
REGARDING
THE
FORM
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
98
D)
ART.
11(2)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
99
3.
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
100
A)
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
FAVOR
VALIDITATIS
(ART.
178(2)
SPILA)
.
100
B)
SCOPEOF
ART.
178(2)
SPILA
.
102
C)
LAW
GOVERNING
THE
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
103
AA)
CHOICE
OF
A
SPECIFIC
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
TO
GOVERN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
103
BB)
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
DISPUTE
(LEX
CAUSAE)
.
104
CC)
SWISS
LAW
.
104
D)
CONSENT
OF
THE
PARTIES
WITH
REGARD
TO
THE
ESSENTIAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII)
.
104
AA)
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
105
(I)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
105
(II)
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
WITH
REGARD
TO
CONSENT
.
105
(III)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
INCORPORATED
BY
REFERENCE
.
ILL
(IV)
CORPORATE
DISPUTES
.
112
(V)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
IN
UNILATERAL
ACTS
.
116
(VI)
ASYMMETRICAL
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
.
117
BB)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
117
4.
WHO
IS
BOUND
BY
THE
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE?
.
118
A)
GENERAL
PRINCIPLES
.
118
B)
EXTENSION
AS
ISSUE
OF
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
.
119
C)
SITUATIONS
CONSIDERED
BY
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
120
XVIII
5.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
124
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
124
B)
COUNTERCLAIM
.
125
C)
SET-OFF
.
125
6.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
THE
SUBJECT
MATTER
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
127
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
127
B)
SPECIAL
ISSUES
REGARDING
ARBITRABILITY
.
129
AA)
COMPETITION
AND
ANTI-TRUST
LAW
.
129
BB)
FAMILY
AND
SUCCESSION
LAW
MATTERS
.
130
CC)
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
.
131
DD)
NON-ENFORCEABLE
CLAIMS
.
131
EE)
BANKRUPTCY
LAW
.
131
FF)
CONSUMER
DISPUTES
.
132
GG)
EMPLOYMENT
DISPUTES
.
132
HH)
COMPANY
DISPUTES
.
133
7.
CAPACITY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
ENTER
INTO
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
134
8.
INEFFECTIVE
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
UNDER
SWISS
LAW
.
136
A)
FORMAL
DEFICIENCIES
.
136
B)
INVALIDITY
DUE
TO
DEFECT
IN
THE
CONCLUSION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
137
C)
DEFICIENCIES
REGARDING
CONTENT
.
138
C.
CONTENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
139
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
139
II.
CONTENT
OF
A
PROPERLY
DRAFTED
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
139
1.
AD
HOC
OR
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
139
2.
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
140
3.
COMPOSITION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
141
4.
APPLICABLE
SUBSTANTIVE
AND
PROCEDURAL
LAW
.
141
5.
LANGUAGE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
141
6.
AGREEMENT
TO
EXCLUDE
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
THE
AWARD
.
141
7.
PROVISIONS
FOR
MULTI-PARTY
PROCEEDINGS
.
142
D.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
142
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
142
1.
POSITIVE
EFFECTS
.
142
A)
THE
PARTIES
'
OBLIGATION
TO
SUBMIT
DISPUTES
TO
ARBITRATION
.
142
B)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
ARBITRATE
.
143
C)
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
HAS
JURISDICTION
.
144
2.
NEGATIVE
EFFECT
.
144
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
145
1.
ENFORCEMENT
OF
AN
OBLIGATION
TO
SUBMIT
TO
ARBITRATION
.
146
XIX
2.
REVIEW
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
JURISDICTION
BY
STATE
COURTS
.
147
A)
SWISS
SUPREME
COURTS
APPROACH
.
148
B)
ARGUMENTS
IN
FAVOR
OF
A
LIMITED
(PRIMA
FACIE)
REVIEW
.
150
C)
ARGUMENTS
AGAINST
A
LIMITED
(PRIMA
FACIE)
REVIEW
.
151
E.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
152
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
152
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
152
2.
WAYS
AND
REASONS
FOR
TERMINATION
.
153
A)
MUTUAL
CONSENT
TO
TERMINATE
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
153
B)
WAIVER
.
153
C)
UNILATERAL
TERMINATION
BY
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
153
D)
PURPOSE
FULFILLED
BY
THE
RENDERING
OF
A
FINAL
AWARD
.
154
E)
PURPOSE
BECOMES
IMPOSSIBLE
.
155
3.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
155
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
155
1.
MUTUAL
CONSENT
TO
TERMINATE
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
155
2.
UNILATERAL
TERMINATION
BY
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
156
F.
THEORY
OF
"
SEPARABILITY
"
/
"
SEVERABILITY
"
.
158
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
158
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
159
G.
PRINCIPLE
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
160
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
160
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
160
2.
THE
POSITIVE
AND
THE
NEGATIVE
EFFECT
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
160
3.
PRACTICAL
RELEVANCE
OF
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
162
4.
COMBINED
EFFECT
OF
"
SEPARABILITY
"
AND
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
162
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
163
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
163
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
RULING
ON
ITS
OWN
JURISDICTION
.
163
3.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
AND
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
LIS
PENDENS
.
166
H.
COMPLEX
ARBITRATION
.
166
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
166
1.
MULTI-PARTY
ARBITRATION
.
167
2.
JOINDER
.
167
3.
CONSOLIDATION
.
169
4.
GROUP
OF
CONTRACTS
.
170
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
171
XX
CHAPTER
3
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL.
.
.
.
.
173
A.
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
175
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
175
1.
DEFINITION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
175
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
175
3.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
177
4.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
177
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
178
1.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
178
A)
THE
SEAT
DETERMINES
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
178
B)
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
AND
STATE
COURT
ASSISTANCE
.
178
C)
THE
SEAT
DEFINES
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
LOCAL
STATE
COURTS
TO
REVIEW
THE
AWARD
179
D)
THE
SEAT
DETERMINES
THE
"
NATIONALITY
"
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
179
2.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
180
A)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
180
B)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
OR
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
181
AA)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
181
BB)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
.
181
CC)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
182
3.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
182
B.
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
183
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
183
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
183
2.
NUMBER
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
184
3.
QUALIFICATIONS
OF
THE
ARBITRATOR(S)
.
186
4.
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
187
A)
DISCLOSURE
.
189
B)
IBA
GUIDELINES
ON
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
189
C)
VIOLATION
OF
DUTY
OF
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
192
5.
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
192
A)
APPOINTING
MECHANISM
.
192
B)
MULTI-PARTY
ARBITRATION
AND
THE
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
194
6.
ADMINISTRATIVE
SECRETARY
.
195
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
198
1.
NUMBER
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
198
2.
QUALIFICATIONS
OF
ARBITRATOR(S)
.
198
3.
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
199
A)
ART.
180(L)(C)
SPILA
.
200
XXI
B)
DUTY
OF
DISCLOSURE
.
200
C)
CHALLENGE/SETTING
ASIDE
.
201
D)
GUIDELINES
ON
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
201
E)
PRACTICE
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
202
4.
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
204
A)
AUTONOMY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
204
B)
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
BY
AN
INSTITUTION
OR
A
THIRD
PERSON
.
205
C)
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
BY
A
STATE
COURT
.
205
D)
THE
RIGHT
TO
APPEAL
AN
APPOINTMENT
DECISION
.
208
AA)
CANTONAL
LEVEL
.
208
BB)
FEDERAL
LEVEL
.
208
E)
APPOINTMENT
DECISIONS
ISSUED
BY
PRIVATE
INSTITUTIONS
.
209
5.
ADMINISTRATIVE
SECRETARY
.
209
C.
CHALLENGING
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
211
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
211
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
211
2.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
211
3.
PROCEDURE
.
211
4.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
213
5.
REPLACEMENT
OF
THE
CHALLENGED
ARBITRATOR
.
214
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
214
1.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
214
A)
ART.
180(L)(A)
AND
(B)
SPILA
.
214
B)
ART.
180(L)(C)
SPILA
.
215
2.
PROCEDURE
.
215
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
216
4.
APPEAL
AGAINST
A
CHALLENGE
DECISION
.
219
D.
DISMISSAL,
REMOVAL,
RESIGNATION
AND
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
221
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
221
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
221
2.
DISMISSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
221
3.
REMOVAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
222
4.
RESIGNATION
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
223
5.
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
224
A)
REPLACEMENT
PROCEDURE
.
224
B)
TRUNCATED
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
225
C)
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
REPLACEMENT
.
226
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
227
1.
DISMISSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
227
XXII
2.
REMOVAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
228
3.
RESIGNATION
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
230
4.
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
231
A)
REPLACEMENT
PROCEDURE
.
231
B)
SUSPENSION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
231
C)
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
REPLACEMENT
.
232
E.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
ARBITRATORS
AND
THE
PARTIES
.
232
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
232
1.
THE
ARBITRAL
CONTRACT
.
232
2.
OBLIGATIONS
AND
RIGHTS
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
233
A)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
RENDER
AN
AWARD
.
234
B)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
COMPLETE
THE
MANDATE
.
234
C)
THE
OBLIGATIONS
AFTER
RENDERING
THE
AWARD
.
234
D)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
REMAIN
INDEPENDENT
AND
IMPARTIAL
AND
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
DISCLOSE
POSSIBLE
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
235
E)
THE
DUTY
OF
CONFIDENTIALITY
.
235
F)
THE
ARBITRATORS
CIVIL
LIABILITY
.
236
G)
THE
ARBITRATOR
'
S
FEES
.
237
3.
BEGINNING
AND
END
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
ARBITRATORS
AND
THE
PARTIES
.
238
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
239
1.
THE
ARBITRAL
CONTRACT
.
239
2.
OBLIGATIONS
AND
RIGHTS
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
240
CHAPTER
4
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
.243
A.
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
245
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
245
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
245
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
245
3.
DATE
OF
COMMENCEMENT
.
246
4.
INITIATING
DOCUMENTS
.
247
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
248
1.
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
248
A)
ARBITRATORS
NAMED
IN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
249
B)
ARBITRATORS
NOT
NAMED
IN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
249
C)
EXACT
DATE
OF
THE
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
250
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
251
A)
INADMISSIBILITY
OF
OTHER
PROCEEDINGS
.
251
XXIII
B)
COMPLIANCE
WITH
TIME
LIMITS
UNDER
SWISS
LAW
.
251
B.
DETERMINING
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
253
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
253
1.
THE
PARTIES
'
FREEDOM
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
PROCEDURE
.
253
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
POWER
TO
DETERMINE
THE
PROCEDURE
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
AN
AGREEMENT
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
254
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
PROCEDURE
ADOPTED:
COMPLIANCE
WITH
THE
PARTIES
'
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
AND
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
255
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
255
B)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
256
C)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
256
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
257
1.
THE
PARTIES
'
FREEDOM
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
PROCEDURE
.
257
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
POWER
TO
DETERMINE
THE
PROCEDURE
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
AN
AGREEMENT
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
258
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
PROCEDURE
ADOPTED:
COMPLIANCE
WITH
THE
PARTIES
'
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
AND
THEIR
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
259
A)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
259
B)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
261
C.
ORGANIZATION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
262
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
262
1.
PROCEDURAL
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
262
2.
TIMING
.
262
3.
PRELIMINARY
MEETINGS
AND
CASE
MANAGEMENT
CONFERENCE
.
263
4.
CONTENT
OF
THE
PROCEDURAL
RULES
.
264
5.
FORM
OF
PROCEDURAL
RULES
.
265
6.
TERMS
OF
REFERENCE
AND
TERMS
OF
APPOINTMENT
.
266
7.
LANGUAGE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
267
8.
REPRESENTATION
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
268
9.
DEPOSIT
OF
COSTS
.
270
10.
PROCEDURAL
TIMETABLE
.
270
11.
MULTITUDE
OF
APPROACHES
.
270
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
271
1.
PROCEDURAL
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
271
2.
SELECTED
ISSUES
.
272
D.
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
273
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
273
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
273
XXIV
2.
EXCHANGE
OF
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
273
3.
CONTENT
OF
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
274
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
275
E.
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
275
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
275
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
275
2.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
RULES
RELATING
TO
THE
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
277
3.
ADMISSIBILITY
AND
PROBATIVE
VALUE
.
278
4.
BURDEN
OF
PROOF
.
279
5.
EVIDENTIARY
MEANS
.
280
A)
PRODUCTION
OF
DOCUMENTS
.
280
B)
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
284
C)
EXPERT
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
287
AA)
PARTY-APPOINTED
EXPERTS
.
287
BB)
TRIBUNAL-APPOINTED
EXPERTS
.
288
D)
INSPECTION
.
289
6.
ASSISTANCE
OF
STATE
COURTS
IN
RELATION
TO
THE
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
290
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
292
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
292
2.
ADMISSIBILITY
AND
PROBATIVE
VALUE
.
293
3.
BURDEN
OF
PROOF
.
293
4.
EVIDENTIARY
MEANS
.
294
A)
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
294
B)
EXPERT
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
294
5.
ASSISTANCE
OF
THE
SWISS
STATE
COURTS
IN
RELATION
TO
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
296
F.
HEARINGS
.
299
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
299
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
299
2.
ORGANIZATION
OF
HEARINGS
.
300
3.
EX
PARTE
HEARINGS
AND
DEFAULT
PROCEEDINGS
IN
GENERAL
.
303
4.
PROCEDURE
AFTER
THE
HEARING
.
305
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
305
G.
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
306
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
306
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
306
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
306
3.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURTS
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
308
XXV
4.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
STATE
COURT
'
S
JURISDICTION
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
309
5.
CONDITIONS
FOR
ORDERING
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
311
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
311
B)
EX
PARTE
MEASURES
.
313
6.
CONTENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
315
7.
FORM
OF
ORDERS
FOR
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
317
8.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
317
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
317
B)
PENALTIES
FOR
NON-COMPLIANCE
WITH
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
318
C)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
BY
STATE
COURTS
OR
WITH
THE
ASSISTANCE
OF
STATE
COURTS
.
319
9.
LIABILITY
FOR
UNJUSTIFIED
MEASURES
.
320
10.
EMERGENCY
ARBITRATOR
.
320
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
323
1.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
323
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURTS
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
324
A)
CONCURRENT
JURISDICTION
.
324
B)
THE
RISK
OF
CONFLICTS
AND
THE
PROHIBITION
OF
USING
PARALLEL
JURISDICTION
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
ANY
CHANGE
IN
THE
CIRCUMSTANCES
.
325
3.
CONDITIONS
FOR
OBTAINING
INTERIM
MEASURES
FROM
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
325
4.
CONTENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
327
5.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
328
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
328
B)
PENALTIES
FOR
NON-COMPLIANCE
WITH
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
328
C)
STATE
COURT
ASSISTANCE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
183(2)
SPILA
.
328
D)
OTHER
ISSUES
CONCERNING
THE
ENFORCEMENT
OF
DECISIONS
ON
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
330
AA)
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
330
BB)
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
STATE
COURTS
.
332
6.
EMERGENCY
ARBITRATOR
.
333
H.
STATE
COURT
SUPPORT
FOR
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
334
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
334
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
335
I.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
336
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
336
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
337
XXVI
CHAPTER
5
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
.
.339
A.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
341
B.
(POSITIVE)
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
342
I.
VALID
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
342
IL
LEGAL
INTEREST
WORTHY
OF
PROTECTION
.
342
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
342
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
342
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
343
III.
ARBITRABILITY
RATIONE
MATERIAE
.
345
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
345
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
345
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
346
IV.
CAPACITY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
INITIATE
AND
CONDUCT
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
347
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
347
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
349
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
350
A)
DIFFERENT
ASPECTS
OF
CAPACITY
.
350
B)
CAPACITY
TO
INITIATE
AND
CONDUCT
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
350
V.
PROPER
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
353
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
353
2.
SWISS
LAW
.
353
VI.
PAYMENT
OF
ADVANCE
ON
COSTS
.
354
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
354
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
354
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
355
VII.
MEETING
OF
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
THE
MANDATE
OF
ARBITRATORS,
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
356
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
356
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
357
A)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
INITIATION
OF
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
OR
THE
MANDATE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
357
B)
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
358
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
358
A)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
INITIATION
OF
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
358
B)
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
358
C)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
MANDATE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
360
XXVII
VIII.
EXPERT
DETERMINATION
OR
PRE-ARBITRAL
DISPUTE
ADJUDICATION
BOARDS
AS
A
PREREQUISITE
FOR
ARBITRATION
.
360
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
360
2.
SWISS
LAW
.
360
C.
NEGATIVE
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
361
I.
RES
JUDICATA
.
361
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
361
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
362
A)
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
362
B)
RECOGNITION
(OR
ENFORCEABILITY)
OF
THE
PRIOR
DECISION
.
366
C)
IDENTITY
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
367
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
368
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
368
B)
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
369
C)
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
WITH
RES
JUDICATA
EFFECTS
.
370
D)
SCOPE
AND
LIMITS
OF
THE
EFFECT
OF
RES
JUDICATA
.
370
E)
AWARDS
RENDERED
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
371
F)
PREREQUISITES
FOR
THE
RES
JUDICATA
EFFECT
OF
A
FOREIGN
JUDGMENT
OR
AWARD
.
372
AA)
RECOGNITION
OR
ENFORCEABILITY
OF
THE
PRIOR
DECISION
.
372
BB)
IDENTITY
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
374
G)
CONCLUSION
.
376
II.
LIS
PENDENS
.
377
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
377
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
378
A)
LIS
PENDENS
BETWEEN
STATE
COURTS
AND
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
AND
VICE
VERSA
.
378
B)
LIS
PENDENS
BETWEEN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
379
C)
LIS
PENDENS
WITH
REGARD
TO
INTERIM
OR
PROVISIONAL
MEASURES
.
380
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
381
A)
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
SITUATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
381
B)
STATE
COURT
PROCEEDINGS
COMMENCED
PRIOR
TO
ARBITRATION
.
381
C)
ARBITRATION
COMMENCED
PRIOR
TO
THE
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ANOTHER
ARBITRATION
.
384
III.
INSOLVENCY
OF
A
PARTY
.
386
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
386
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
386
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
387
IV.
ANTI-ARBITRATION
INJUNCTIONS
.
389
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
389
XXVIII
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
389
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
390
CHAPTER
6
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
CASE
.
.
.391
A.
CHOICE
OF
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
393
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
393
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
393
2.
APPLICATION
OF
THE
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
OF
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
393
3.
PARTY AUTONOMY
AS
THE
MOST
PROMINENT
AND
WIDELY
ACCEPTED
INTERNATIONAL
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
.
393
4.
CHOICE
OF
A
NATIONAL
LAW
.
396
5.
CHOICE
OF
NON-NATIONAL
RULES
OF
LAW
AS
GOVERNING
LAW
.
399
6.
TIMING
OF
THE
CHOICE
OF
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
401
7.
LIMITATIONS
ON
PARTY
AUTONOMY
REGARDING
CHOICE
OF
LAW
.
401
A)
"
LOIS
DE
POLICE
"
OR
"
LOIS
D'APPLICATION
IMMEDIATE
"
.
401
B)
INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
404
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
405
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
405
2.
PARTY AUTONOMY
.
405
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
405
B)
FORMAL
VALIDITY
.
406
C)
LIMITATIONS
ON
PARTY
AUTONOMY
REGARDING
CHOICE
OF
LAW
.
408
B.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
BY
THE
ARBITRATORS
.
413
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
413
1.
ARBITRATORS
CHOOSE
THE
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULES
THEY
DEEM
APPROPRIATE
.
413
2.
SPECIFIC
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
PROVIDED
FOR
BY
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
ITSELF
.
414
3.
"
VOIE
DIRECTE
"
.
414
4.
NATIONAL
LAW
OR
NON-NATIONAL
RULES?
.
415
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
416
1.
ART.
187(1)
SPILA
.
416
2.
THE
CLOSEST-CONNECTION
TEST
.
416
C.
PROOF
OF
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
418
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
418
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
418
XXIX
D.
ARBITRATION
EX
AEQUO
ET
BONO
AND
"
AMIABLE
COMPOSITEUR
"
.
419
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
419
1.
ARBITRATION
EX
AEQUO
ET
BONO
.
419
2.
"
AMIABLE
COMPOSITEUR
"
.
420
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
421
E.
SANCTIONS
FOR
VIOLATION
OF
THE
RULES
REGARDING
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
421
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
421
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
422
CHAPTER
7
THE
AWARD
.
423
A.
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
.
425
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
425
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
425
2.
DISTINCTION
OF
PRELIMINARY
AWARDS
AND
PROCEDURAL
ORDERS
.
425
3.
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
.
426
A)
FINAL
AWARD
.
426
B)
PARTIAL
AWARD
.
426
C)
PRELIMINARY
AWARD
.
427
D)
DEFAULT
AWARD
.
428
E)
AWARD
ON
AGREED
TERMS
(CONSENT
AWARD)
.
428
F
)
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
.
429
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
430
1.
FINAL
AWARD
.
430
2.
PARTIAL
AWARD
.
430
3.
PRELIMINARY
AWARD
.
431
4.
DEFAULT
AWARD
.
432
5.
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
.
432
B.
MAKING
OF
AN
AWARD
.
433
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
433
1.
THE
ARBITRATORS
'
DELIBERATIONS
.
433
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
433
B)
FORM
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
.
433
C)
CONFIDENTIALITY
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND
VOTING
.
434
2.
VOTING:
UNANIMOUS
OR
MAJORITY
DECISIONS
.
434
3.
FAILURE
OR
REFUSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
TO
PARTICIPATE
IN
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND/OR
VOTING
.
434
4.
TIME
LIMITS
FOR
THE
MAKING
OF
AN
AWARD
.
435
XXX
5.
DISSENTING
AND
CONCURRING
OPINIONS
.
436
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
437
1.
PARTY
AUTONOMY
.
437
2.
THE
ARBITRATORS
'
DELIBERATIONS
.
438
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
438
B)
FORM
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
.
438
C)
CONFIDENTIALITY
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND
VOTING
.
438
3.
VOTING:
UNANIMOUS
OR
MAJORITY
DECISIONS
.
439
4.
FAILURE
OR
REFUSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
TO
PARTICIPATE
IN
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND/OR
VOTING
.
439
5.
TIME
LIMIT
FOR
RENDERING
THE
AWARD
.
440
6.
DISSENTING
OPINIONS
.
440
7.
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
AWARD
AND
CERTIFICATION
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
441
C.
FORM,
CONTENT
AND
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
442
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
442
1.
WRITTEN
FORM
REQUIREMENT
.
442
2.
TYPICAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
AWARD
.
442
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
442
B)
SIGNATURE
.
443
C)
PLACE
AND
DATE
.
443
D)
REASONING
.
444
E)
COSTS
.
444
F
)
OPERATIVE
PART
.
446
3.
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
447
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
447
1.
WRITTEN
FORM
REQUIREMENT
.
447
2.
TYPICAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
AWARD
.
448
A)
SIGNATURE
.
448
B)
DATE
OF
THE
AWARD
.
449
C)
REASONING
.
449
D)
COSTS
.
451
E)
OPERATIVE
(OR
"
DISPOSITIVE
"
)
PART
.
452
3.
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
452
D.
CORRECTION
AND
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
AWARD
AND
RENDERING
OF
AN
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
453
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
453
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
453
2.
CORRECTION
.
453
3.
INTERPRETATION
.
454
4.
ADDITIONAL
AWARDS
.
455
XXXI
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
455
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
455
2.
CORRECTION
AND
INTERPRETATION
.
456
3.
ADDITIONAL
AWARDS
.
457
E.
CONFIDENTIALITY
AND
PUBLICATION
OF
AWARDS
.
457
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
457
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
459
F.
CHALLENGING
AN
AWARD
.
459
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
459
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
459
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURT
AT
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
460
3.
TIME
LIMITS
.
460
4.
DECISIONS
WHICH
CAN
BE
CHALLENGED
.
461
5.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
461
6.
EFFECTS
OF
A
SUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
462
7.
EXCLUSION
AND
WAIVER
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
.
463
A)
EXCLUSION
.
463
B)
WAIVER
.
465
8.
APPEAL
AGAINST
THE
AWARD
BEFORE
A
SECOND
INSTANCE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
466
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
467
1.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
467
2.
TIME
LIMIT
.
468
3.
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
OF
AN
APPLICATION
TO
CHALLENGE
.
470
4.
EFFECT
OF
CHALLENGE
ON
ENFORCEABILITY
.
473
5.
DECISIONS
THAT
CAN
BE
CHALLENGED
.
474
6.
PROCEDURE
BEFORE
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
477
7.
EFFECTS
OF
A
CHALLENGE
.
479
A)
SUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
479
B)
UNSUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
481
8.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
190(2)
SPILA
.
482
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
482
B)
IRREGULAR
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
(ART.
190(2)
(A)
SPILA)
.
484
C)
WRONG
RULING
ON
JURISDICTION
(ART.
190(2)
(B)
SPILA)
.
487
D)
ULTRA,
INFRA
OR
EXTRA
PETITA
(ART.
190(2)(C)
SPILA)
.
488
E)
VIOLATION
OF
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
AND
EQUAL
TREATMENT
(ART.
190(2)
(D)
SPILA)
490
AA)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
490
BB)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
497
F)
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
(ART.
190(2)
(E)
SPILA)
.
498
AA)
SUBSTANTIVE
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
499
XXXII
BB)
PROCEDURAL
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
504
9.
LIKELIHOOD
OF
SUCCESS
.
505
10.
EXCLUSION
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
192
SPILA
.
506
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
506
B)
REQUIREMENTS
OF
A
VALID
EXCLUSION
.
507
C)
EFFECTS
OF
A
VALID
EXCLUSION
.
509
G.
REVISION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
511
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
511
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
512
1.
GROUNDS
FOR
REVISION
.
512
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
516
3.
REVISABLE
DECISIONS
.
516
4.
TIME
LIMITS
.
516
5.
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
AN
APPLICATION
FOR
REVISION
.
518
6.
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
SUCCESSFUL
REVISION
.
519
7.
EXCLUSION
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
REQUEST
A
REVISION
.
519
CHAPTER
8
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
521
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
523
B.
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
OF
1958
.
525
I.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
OF
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
525
1.
EXISTENCE
OF
AN
"
ARBITRAL
AWARD
"
.
525
2.
EXISTENCE
OF
A
"
FOREIGN
"
OR
"
NON-DOMESTIC
"
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
528
3.
EXISTENCE
OF
AN
ARBITRAL
AWARD
"
ARISING
OUT
OF
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN
PERSONS,
WHETHER
PHYSICAL
OR
LEGAL
"
.
530
II.
FORMAL
REQUIREMENTS
.
531
III.
GROUNDS
FOR
REFUSING
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
UNDER
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
533
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
533
2.
GROUNDS
WHICH
MUST
BE
INVOKED
BY
A
PARTY
.
.
.
535
A)
ART.
V(L)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
INCAPACITY
AND
INVALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
535
AA)
INCAPACITY
OF
A
PARTY
TO
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
535
BB)
FORMAL
AND
SUBSTANTIVE
INVALIDITY
.
536
CC)
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
538
B)
ART.
V(L)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
DUE
PROCESS
.
539
C)
ART.
V(L)(C)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
AWARD
DEALING
WITH
A
DIFFERENCE
NOT
CONTEMPLATED
OR
NOT
FALLING
WITHIN
THE
SCOPE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
542
XXXIII
D)
ART.
V(L)(D)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
NOT
PROPERLY
CONSTI
TUTED
OR
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
NOT
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
543
E)
ART.
V(L)(E)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
AWARD
NOT
YET
BINDING,
SET
ASIDE
OR
SUSPENDED
.
545
3.
GROUNDS
WHICH
THE
STATE
COURT
CONSIDERS
ON
ITS
OWN
MOTION
.
550
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
550
B)
ART.
V(2)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
LACK
OF
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
550
C)
ART.
V(2)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
551
C.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
552
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
552
1.
FOREIGN
AWARDS
.
553
2.
SWISS
AWARDS
.
554
IL
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
555
1.
APPLICATION
OF
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
555
2.
PARTICULARITIES
OF
SWISS
LAW
AND
SWISS
CASE
LAW
.
555
A)
ART.
1(2)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
EXISTENCE
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
555
B)
ART.
V(L)(A)
AND
ART.
II
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VALID
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
556
C)
ART.
V(L)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
DUE
PROCESS
.
557
D)
ART.
V(L)(D)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
NOT
PROPERLY
CONSTI
TUTED
OR
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
NOT
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
558
E)
ART.
V(L)(E)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
AWARD
NOT
YET
BINDING,
SET
ASIDE
OR
SUSPENDED
.
559
F
)
FURTHER
CONDITIONS
NECESSARY
FOR
THE
RECOGNITION
OF
A
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
560
G)
ART.
V(2)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
LACK
OF
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
562
H)
ART.
V(2)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
562
3.
DISCREPANCIES
BETWEEN
THE
GROUNDS
FOR
SETTING
ASIDE
UNDER
THE
SPILA
AND
THE
GROUNDS
FOR
REFUSAL
OF
RECOGNITION
UNDER
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
564
4.
FORMAL
REQUIREMENTS
.
565
5.
ENFORCEMENT
.
566
A)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
566
B)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
NON-MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
570
III.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
SWISS
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
570
1.
CERTIFICATE
OF
ENFORCEABILITY
.
570
2.
MONETARY ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
572
3.
NON-MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
573
XXXIV
CHAPTER
9
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
.
575
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
577
I.
GENERAL
PURPOSE
OF
INVESTMENT
TREATIES
.
577
II.
DEFINITION
AND
MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS
.
577
B.
BACKGROUND,
DEVELOPMENT
AND
PARTICULARITIES
.
579
I.
GOOD
OFFICES,
DIPLOMATIC
PROTECTION
AND
INTERNATIONAL
DISPUTES
.
579
II.
INVESTMENT
TREATIES
.
579
III.
ARBITRATION
UNDER
THE
CONVENTION
ON
THE
SETTLEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
DISPUTES
BETWEEN
STATES
AND
NATIONALS
OF
OTHER
STATES
(ICSID
CONVENTION)
.
580
IV.
INFLUENCE
OF
CIVIL
SOCIETY
.
581
V.
INTRA-EUROPEAN
UNION
INVESTMENT
TREATY
ARBITRATION
.
582
1.
CONTEXT
.
582
2.
THE
ACHMEA
JUDGMENT
.
583
3.
THE
CONSEQUENCES
OF
ACHMEA
FOR
INTRA-EU
ARBITRATIONS
SEATED
IN
THE
EU
.
584
C.
ARBITRATION
CLAUSE
AND
JURISDICTION
.
586
I.
DEFINITION,
PURPOSE
AND
FORM
.
586
II.
VALIDITY,
FORM
AND
STANDARD
OF
INTERPRETATION
AND
SOURCES
OF
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
587
III.
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
589
IV.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
590
1.
TREATY
BREACHES
BY
THE
HOST
STATE
.
590
2.
DISPUTES
IN
CONNECTION
WITH
INVESTMENTS
.
590
3.
STANDARDS
OF
PROTECTION
.
592
4.
DISPUTES
UNDER
AN
UMBRELLA
CLAUSE
.
593
V.
ADDITIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
JURISDICTION
.
594
VI.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
594
VII.
THE
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
595
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
595
2.
IN
ICSID
ARBITRATION
.
595
VIII.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
.
596
D.
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
597
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
597
II.
CONFIDENTIALITY
AND
TRANSPARENCY
.
598
1.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
598
2.
ACCESS
TO
INFORMATION
.
598
III.
THIRD-PARTY
SUBMISSIONS
.
599
E.
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
600
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
600
XXXV
IL
CHOICE
OF
LAW BY
THE
PARTIES
.
600
III.
CHOICE
OF
LAW
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
THE
PARTIES
'
AGREEMENT
.
600
F.
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
601
I.
ANNULMENT
OF
THE
AWARD
.
601
II.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
AWARDS
.
602
G.
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
AND
SWITZERLAND
.
603
1.
LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
.
604
2.
REVIEW
OF
THE
MAIN
DECISIONS
RENDERED
BY
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
IN
INVESTMENT
TREATY
ARBITRATIONS
.
605
A)
ONLY
ONE
AWARD
PARTIALLY
SET
ASIDE
IN
TWENTY
YEARS
.
605
B)
CONDITIONS
FOR
A
VALID
WAIVER
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
SEEK
ANNULMENT
OF
AN
AWARD
(ART.
192(1)
SPILA)
.
606
C)
JURISDICTION
(ART.
190(2)
(B)
SPILA)
.
607
D)
EQUAL
TREATMENT
AND
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
(ART.
190(2)
(D)
SPILA)
.
609
E)
PUBLIC
POLICY
(ART.
190(2)
(E)
SPILA)
.
610
3.
EFFECTS
OF
ACHMEA
ON
INTRA-EU
BIT
ARBITRATIONS
SEATED
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
611
CHAPTER
10
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
613
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
615
I.
CHARACTERISTICS
.
615
II.
BACKGROUND
.
615
III.
THE
IMPORTANCE
OF
SWITZERLAND
IN
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
616
IV.
THE
ROLE
OF
THE
EU
AND
THE
CASE
LAW
OF
THE
EUROPEAN
COURT
OF
JUSTICE
IN
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
SPORTS
LAW
.
617
V.
SPORTS-RELATED
DISPUTES
.
619
VI.
ARBITRATION
IN
SPORT
.
620
1.
SPORT
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
ORGANIZATIONS
.
620
2.
INTERNAL
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
OF
SPORT
ORGANIZATIONS
.
621
A)
THE
NEED
FOR
INTERNAL
MECHANISMS
.
621
B)
SPECIAL
INTERNAL
DISPUTE
MECHANISMS
.
623
B.
THE
COURT
OF
ARBITRATION
FOR
SPORT
.
623
I.
BACKGROUND
.
623
II.
ORGANIZATION
.
625
III.
CAS
SPORTS
CASE
LAW
.
627
IV.
THE
CAS
CODE
AND
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
627
1.
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
CAS
CODE
.
627
2.
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
630
3.
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE
.
631
XXXVI
A)
APPLICATION
OF
THE
CAS
CODE
AND
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
631
B)
CONSENT
.
632
C)
SEPARABILITY
.
634
D)
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
.
634
4.
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
634
A)
SEAT
.
634
B)
CONSTITUTION
.
635
AA)
FORMATION
OF
THE
PANEL
.
635
BB)
CHALLENGE
.
637
C)
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
637
5.
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
639
A)
ORDINARY
ARBITRATION
.
639
B)
CAS
ANTI-DOPING
DIVISION
ARBITRATION
.
640
AA)
DIRECT
REFERENCE
TO
THE
CAS
ANTI-DOPING
DIVISION
.
640
BB)
COMMENCING
THE
ARBITRATION
.
641
CC)
PROCEDURE
BEFORE
THE
PANEL
.
641
DD)
AWARD
.
641
C)
APPEALS
ARBITRATION
.
642
AA)
DIRECT
REFERENCE
TO
THE
CAS
.
642
BB)
APPEAL
AGAINST
A
DECISION
OR
AWARD
.
642
CC)
EXHAUSTION
OF
INTERNAL
REMEDIES
.
643
DD)
STATEMENT
OF
APPEAL
.
643
EE)
TIME
LIMITS
.
644
FF)
OTHER
PROCEDURAL
ISSUES
.
644
D)
STANDING
IN
CAS
APPEALS
.
645
E)
SCOPE
OF
REVIEW
.
646
F)
HEARINGS
.
646
6.
COSTS
.
647
7.
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
.
648
A)
CHOICE
OF
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
648
B)
EVIDENCE
.
648
8.
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
649
V.
SETTING
ASIDE
.
650
1.
ADMISSIBILITY
.
650
2.
GROUNDS
FOR
SETTING
ASIDE
AN
AWARD
.
654
A)
IMPROPER
CONSTITUTION
.
654
B)
WRONG
ACCEPTANCE
OR
DENIAL
OF
JURISDICTION
.
654
C)
DECISION
BEYOND
CLAIMS
SUBMITTED
OR
FAILURE
TO
DECIDE
.
655
D)
VIOLATION
OF
EQUAL
TREATMENT/RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
655
AA)
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
655
BB)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
656
XXXVII
E)
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
657
3.
REVISION
.
660
VI.
ENFORCEMENT
.
660
TABLE
OF
CASES
.
663
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
DECISIONS
.
663
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
685
COURT
DECISIONS
.
695
INDEX
.
703
XXXVIII |
| adam_txt |
SUMMARY
CONTENTS
AUTHORS
'
PREFACE
.
V
CONTENTS
.
XV
BIBLIOGRAPHY
.
XXXIX
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
LXXIII
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
1
CHAPTER
2
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
73
CHAPTER
3
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
173
CHAPTER
4
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
243
CHAPTER
5
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
339
CHAPTER
6
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
CASE
.
391
CHAPTER
7
THE
AWARD
.
423
CHAPTER
8
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
521
CHAPTER
9
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
.
575
CHAPTER
10
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
613
TABLE
OF
CASES
.
663
INDEX
.
703
XIII
CONTENTS
AUTHORS
'
PREFACE
.
V
SUMMARY
CONTENTS
.
XIII
BIBLIOGRAPHY
.
XXXIX
LIST
OF
ABBREVIATIONS
LXXIII
CHAPTER
1
INTRODUCTION
AND
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
1
A.
THE
CONCEPT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
3
I.
THE
FUNDAMENTAL
FEATURES
OF
ARBITRATION
AND
THE
MAIN
DIFFERENCES
FROM
STATE
COURT
LITIGATION
.
3
1.
DEFINITION
.
3
2.
ARBITRATION
AS
AN
ALTERNATIVE
MEANS
OF
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
.
3
3.
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
-
FOUNDATION
OF
EVERY
ARBITRATION
.
3
4.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
4
5.
THE
PARTIES
CHOOSE
THE
PLACE/SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
6
6.
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEDURE
IS
DETERMINED
AND
CONTROLLED
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
7
7.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
RENDERS
A
FINAL,
BINDING
AND
ENFORCEABLE
DECISION
.
7
8.
ARBITRABILITY
.
8
II.
OTHER
FORMS
OF
ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
.
8
1.
WHAT
DOES
ALTERNATIVE
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
(ADR)
MEAN?
.
8
2.
MEDIATION
AND
CONCILIATION
.
9
3.
EXPERT
DETERMINATION
.
13
4.
JUDICIAL
CONCILIATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
15
B.
TYPES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
17
I.
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
VS.
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
17
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
17
2.
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
.
17
A)
ADVANTAGES
.
17
B)
DISADVANTAGES
.
19
C)
PROPER
DRAFTING
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
IN
AD
HOC
ARBITRATION
.
21
3.
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
22
A)
OVERVIEW
.
22
B)
ADVANTAGES
.
24
C)
DISADVANTAGES
.
25
D)
CHOICE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
.
25
E)
DRAFTING
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
IN
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
27
XV
II.
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
VS.
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
28
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
28
2.
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
28
A)
FOCUS
ON
THE
PARTIES
TO
THE
DISPUTE
.
28
B)
FOCUS
ON
THE
NATURE
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
29
C)
A
COMBINED
APPROACH
.
30
3.
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
.
30
4.
DIFFICULTIES
RESULTING
FROM
THE
DIFFERENT
CONCEPTS
OF
"
INTERNATIONAL
"
AND
"
DOMESTIC
"
.
31
C.
ADVANTAGES
AND
DISADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
I.
ADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
1.
OPPORTUNITY
TO
CHOOSE
THE
PLACE
OF
ARBITRATION
.
32
2.
OPPORTUNITY
TO
CHOOSE
THE
MEMBERS
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
32
3.
ARBITRATION
LEADS
TO
AN
ENFORCEABLE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
33
4.
FLEXIBILITY
OF
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
35
5.
CONFIDENTIALITY
.
36
6.
TIME
.
37
II.
DISADVANTAGES
OF
ARBITRATION
.
38
1.
COSTS
.
38
2.
LIMITED
POWERS
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
40
3.
CONFLICTING
AWARDS
.
40
D.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
ARBITRATION
.
41
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
41
II.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
DOMESTIC
ARBITRATION
.
41
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
41
2.
SWITZERLAND
.
41
III.
REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK
OF
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
45
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
45
2.
SUPRANATIONAL
LAW
.
45
A)
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
45
B)
THE
GENEVA
PROTOCOL
AND
THE
GENEVA
CONVENTION
.
46
3.
NATIONAL
LAW
.
47
A)
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
47
B)
UNCITRAL
MODEL
LAW
.
49
C)
CHAPTER
12
OF
THE
SPILA
.
50
AA)
GENERAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
50
BB)
CONDITIONS
FOR
THE
APPLICATION
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
52
(I)
FIRST
CONDITION:
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
53
XVI
(II)
SECOND
CONDITION:
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
HAS
ITS
DOMICILE,
HABITUAL
RESIDENCE
OR
CORPORATE
SEAT
OUTSIDE
SWITZERLAND
.
53
(III)
THIRD
CONDITION:
NO
OPTING-OUT
.
55
D)
THE
2020
REVISION
OF
CHAPTER
12
SPILA
.
55
4.
NON-NATIONAL
LAW:
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
PARTIES
OR
CHOSEN
ARBITRATION
RULES
57
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
57
B)
AD
HOC
AND
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
57
C)
A
FEW
IMPORTANT
AND
WELL-KNOWN
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
58
AA)
INTERNATIONAL
CHAMBER
OF
COMMERCE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
58
BB)
LONDON
COURT
OF
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
60
CC)
INTERNATIONAL
CENTRE
FOR
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
PROCEDURES
.
61
DD)
SWISS
CHAMBERS
'
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTION
(IN
2021
RENAMED:
"
SWISS
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
"
)
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
62
EE)
CHINA
INTERNATIONAL
ECONOMIC
AND
TRADE
ARBITRATION
COMMISSION
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
63
FF)
SINGAPORE
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
64
GG)
HONG
KONG
INTERNATIONAL
ARBITRATION
CENTRE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
65
HH)
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTE
OF
THE
STOCKHOLM
CHAMBER
OF
COMMERCE
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
66
II)
GERMAN
INSTITUTION
OF
ARBITRATION
RULES
.
67
D)
SPECIALIZED
ARBITRATION
INSTITUTIONS
.
67
AA)
COURT
OF
ARBITRATION
FOR
SPORT
.
67
BB)
INTERNATIONAL
CENTRE
FOR
SETTLEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
DISPUTES
.
68
CC)
WORLD
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
ORGANIZATION
.
69
5.
BEST
PRACTICE
STANDARDS
.
70
CHAPTER
2
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
73
A.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
75
I.
DEFINITION
AND
PURPOSE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
75
IL
KEY
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
75
B.
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
77
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
77
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
77
2.
FORM
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
78
3.
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
79
A)
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
80
AA)
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
80
BB)
DEGREE
OF
SPECIFICITY
REQUIRED
.
81
CC)
PATHOLOGICAL
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
.
82
XVII
DD)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
INCORPORATED
BY
REFERENCE
.
82
EE)
ASYMMETRICAL
CLAUSES
.
83
FF)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
IN
UNILATERAL
LEGAL
ACTS
AND
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
84
B)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
84
4.
WHO
IS
BOUND
BY
THE
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE?
.
85
5.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
88
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
88
B)
COUNTERCLAIM
.
89
C)
SET-OFF
.
89
6.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
THE
SUBJECT
MATTER
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
90
7.
CAPACITY
OF
PARTIES
TO
ENTER
INTO
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
92
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
94
1.
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
94
2.
FORM
OF
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
94
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
94
B)
REQUIREMENTS
UNDER
ART.
178(1)
SPILA
.
96
C)
SPECIAL
ISSUES
REGARDING
THE
FORM
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
98
D)
ART.
11(2)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
99
3.
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
100
A)
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
FAVOR
VALIDITATIS
(ART.
178(2)
SPILA)
.
100
B)
SCOPEOF
ART.
178(2)
SPILA
.
102
C)
LAW
GOVERNING
THE
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
103
AA)
CHOICE
OF
A
SPECIFIC
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
TO
GOVERN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
103
BB)
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
DISPUTE
(LEX
CAUSAE)
.
104
CC)
SWISS
LAW
.
104
D)
CONSENT
OF
THE
PARTIES
WITH
REGARD
TO
THE
ESSENTIAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII)
.
104
AA)
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
105
(I)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
105
(II)
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
WITH
REGARD
TO
CONSENT
.
105
(III)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
INCORPORATED
BY
REFERENCE
.
ILL
(IV)
CORPORATE
DISPUTES
.
112
(V)
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
IN
UNILATERAL
ACTS
.
116
(VI)
ASYMMETRICAL
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
.
117
BB)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
117
4.
WHO
IS
BOUND
BY
THE
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE?
.
118
A)
GENERAL
PRINCIPLES
.
118
B)
EXTENSION
AS
ISSUE
OF
SUBSTANTIVE
VALIDITY
.
119
C)
SITUATIONS
CONSIDERED
BY
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
120
XVIII
5.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
124
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
124
B)
COUNTERCLAIM
.
125
C)
SET-OFF
.
125
6.
ARBITRABILITY
OF
THE
SUBJECT
MATTER
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
127
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
127
B)
SPECIAL
ISSUES
REGARDING
ARBITRABILITY
.
129
AA)
COMPETITION
AND
ANTI-TRUST
LAW
.
129
BB)
FAMILY
AND
SUCCESSION
LAW
MATTERS
.
130
CC)
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
.
131
DD)
NON-ENFORCEABLE
CLAIMS
.
131
EE)
BANKRUPTCY
LAW
.
131
FF)
CONSUMER
DISPUTES
.
132
GG)
EMPLOYMENT
DISPUTES
.
132
HH)
COMPANY
DISPUTES
.
133
7.
CAPACITY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
ENTER
INTO
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
134
8.
INEFFECTIVE
ARBITRATION
CLAUSES
UNDER
SWISS
LAW
.
136
A)
FORMAL
DEFICIENCIES
.
136
B)
INVALIDITY
DUE
TO
DEFECT
IN
THE
CONCLUSION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
137
C)
DEFICIENCIES
REGARDING
CONTENT
.
138
C.
CONTENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
139
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
139
II.
CONTENT
OF
A
PROPERLY
DRAFTED
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
139
1.
AD
HOC
OR
INSTITUTIONAL
ARBITRATION
.
139
2.
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
140
3.
COMPOSITION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
141
4.
APPLICABLE
SUBSTANTIVE
AND
PROCEDURAL
LAW
.
141
5.
LANGUAGE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
141
6.
AGREEMENT
TO
EXCLUDE
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
THE
AWARD
.
141
7.
PROVISIONS
FOR
MULTI-PARTY
PROCEEDINGS
.
142
D.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
142
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
142
1.
POSITIVE
EFFECTS
.
142
A)
THE
PARTIES
'
OBLIGATION
TO
SUBMIT
DISPUTES
TO
ARBITRATION
.
142
B)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
ARBITRATE
.
143
C)
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
HAS
JURISDICTION
.
144
2.
NEGATIVE
EFFECT
.
144
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
145
1.
ENFORCEMENT
OF
AN
OBLIGATION
TO
SUBMIT
TO
ARBITRATION
.
146
XIX
2.
REVIEW
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
JURISDICTION
BY
STATE
COURTS
.
147
A)
SWISS
SUPREME
COURTS
APPROACH
.
148
B)
ARGUMENTS
IN
FAVOR
OF
A
LIMITED
(PRIMA
FACIE)
REVIEW
.
150
C)
ARGUMENTS
AGAINST
A
LIMITED
(PRIMA
FACIE)
REVIEW
.
151
E.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
152
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
152
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
152
2.
WAYS
AND
REASONS
FOR
TERMINATION
.
153
A)
MUTUAL
CONSENT
TO
TERMINATE
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
153
B)
WAIVER
.
153
C)
UNILATERAL
TERMINATION
BY
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
153
D)
PURPOSE
FULFILLED
BY
THE
RENDERING
OF
A
FINAL
AWARD
.
154
E)
PURPOSE
BECOMES
IMPOSSIBLE
.
155
3.
EFFECTS
OF
THE
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
155
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
155
1.
MUTUAL
CONSENT
TO
TERMINATE
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
155
2.
UNILATERAL
TERMINATION
BY
ONE
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
156
F.
THEORY
OF
"
SEPARABILITY
"
/
"
SEVERABILITY
"
.
158
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
158
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
159
G.
PRINCIPLE
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
160
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
160
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
160
2.
THE
POSITIVE
AND
THE
NEGATIVE
EFFECT
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
160
3.
PRACTICAL
RELEVANCE
OF
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
162
4.
COMBINED
EFFECT
OF
"
SEPARABILITY
"
AND
"
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
"
.
162
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
163
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
163
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
RULING
ON
ITS
OWN
JURISDICTION
.
163
3.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
AND
THE
PRINCIPLE
OF
LIS
PENDENS
.
166
H.
COMPLEX
ARBITRATION
.
166
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
166
1.
MULTI-PARTY
ARBITRATION
.
167
2.
JOINDER
.
167
3.
CONSOLIDATION
.
169
4.
GROUP
OF
CONTRACTS
.
170
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
171
XX
CHAPTER
3
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL.
.
.
.
.
173
A.
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
175
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
175
1.
DEFINITION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
175
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
175
3.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
177
4.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
177
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
178
1.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
178
A)
THE
SEAT
DETERMINES
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
178
B)
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
AND
STATE
COURT
ASSISTANCE
.
178
C)
THE
SEAT
DEFINES
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
LOCAL
STATE
COURTS
TO
REVIEW
THE
AWARD
179
D)
THE
SEAT
DETERMINES
THE
"
NATIONALITY
"
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
179
2.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
180
A)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
180
B)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
OR
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
181
AA)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
181
BB)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
INSTITUTION
.
181
CC)
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
182
3.
TRANSFER
OF
THE
SEAT
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
182
B.
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
183
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
183
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
183
2.
NUMBER
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
184
3.
QUALIFICATIONS
OF
THE
ARBITRATOR(S)
.
186
4.
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
187
A)
DISCLOSURE
.
189
B)
IBA
GUIDELINES
ON
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
189
C)
VIOLATION
OF
DUTY
OF
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
192
5.
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
192
A)
APPOINTING
MECHANISM
.
192
B)
MULTI-PARTY
ARBITRATION
AND
THE
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
194
6.
ADMINISTRATIVE
SECRETARY
.
195
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
198
1.
NUMBER
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
198
2.
QUALIFICATIONS
OF
ARBITRATOR(S)
.
198
3.
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
199
A)
ART.
180(L)(C)
SPILA
.
200
XXI
B)
DUTY
OF
DISCLOSURE
.
200
C)
CHALLENGE/SETTING
ASIDE
.
201
D)
GUIDELINES
ON
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
201
E)
PRACTICE
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
202
4.
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
204
A)
AUTONOMY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
.
204
B)
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
BY
AN
INSTITUTION
OR
A
THIRD
PERSON
.
205
C)
APPOINTMENT
OF
ARBITRATORS
BY
A
STATE
COURT
.
205
D)
THE
RIGHT
TO
APPEAL
AN
APPOINTMENT
DECISION
.
208
AA)
CANTONAL
LEVEL
.
208
BB)
FEDERAL
LEVEL
.
208
E)
APPOINTMENT
DECISIONS
ISSUED
BY
PRIVATE
INSTITUTIONS
.
209
5.
ADMINISTRATIVE
SECRETARY
.
209
C.
CHALLENGING
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
211
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
211
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
211
2.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
211
3.
PROCEDURE
.
211
4.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
213
5.
REPLACEMENT
OF
THE
CHALLENGED
ARBITRATOR
.
214
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
214
1.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
214
A)
ART.
180(L)(A)
AND
(B)
SPILA
.
214
B)
ART.
180(L)(C)
SPILA
.
215
2.
PROCEDURE
.
215
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
216
4.
APPEAL
AGAINST
A
CHALLENGE
DECISION
.
219
D.
DISMISSAL,
REMOVAL,
RESIGNATION
AND
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
221
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
221
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
221
2.
DISMISSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
221
3.
REMOVAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
222
4.
RESIGNATION
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
223
5.
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
224
A)
REPLACEMENT
PROCEDURE
.
224
B)
TRUNCATED
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
225
C)
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
REPLACEMENT
.
226
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
227
1.
DISMISSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
227
XXII
2.
REMOVAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
228
3.
RESIGNATION
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
230
4.
REPLACEMENT
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
231
A)
REPLACEMENT
PROCEDURE
.
231
B)
SUSPENSION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
231
C)
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
REPLACEMENT
.
232
E.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
ARBITRATORS
AND
THE
PARTIES
.
232
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
232
1.
THE
ARBITRAL
CONTRACT
.
232
2.
OBLIGATIONS
AND
RIGHTS
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
233
A)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
RENDER
AN
AWARD
.
234
B)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
COMPLETE
THE
MANDATE
.
234
C)
THE
OBLIGATIONS
AFTER
RENDERING
THE
AWARD
.
234
D)
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
REMAIN
INDEPENDENT
AND
IMPARTIAL
AND
THE
OBLIGATION
TO
DISCLOSE
POSSIBLE
CONFLICTS
OF
INTEREST
.
235
E)
THE
DUTY
OF
CONFIDENTIALITY
.
235
F)
THE
ARBITRATORS
CIVIL
LIABILITY
.
236
G)
THE
ARBITRATOR
'
S
FEES
.
237
3.
BEGINNING
AND
END
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
ARBITRATORS
AND
THE
PARTIES
.
238
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
239
1.
THE
ARBITRAL
CONTRACT
.
239
2.
OBLIGATIONS
AND
RIGHTS
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
.
240
CHAPTER
4
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
.243
A.
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
245
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
245
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
245
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
245
3.
DATE
OF
COMMENCEMENT
.
246
4.
INITIATING
DOCUMENTS
.
247
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
248
1.
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
248
A)
ARBITRATORS
NAMED
IN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
249
B)
ARBITRATORS
NOT
NAMED
IN
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
249
C)
EXACT
DATE
OF
THE
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
250
2.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCES
OF
THE
PENDENCY
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
251
A)
INADMISSIBILITY
OF
OTHER
PROCEEDINGS
.
251
XXIII
B)
COMPLIANCE
WITH
TIME
LIMITS
UNDER
SWISS
LAW
.
251
B.
DETERMINING
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
253
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
253
1.
THE
PARTIES
'
FREEDOM
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
PROCEDURE
.
253
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
POWER
TO
DETERMINE
THE
PROCEDURE
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
AN
AGREEMENT
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
254
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
PROCEDURE
ADOPTED:
COMPLIANCE
WITH
THE
PARTIES
'
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
AND
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
255
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
255
B)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
256
C)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
256
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
257
1.
THE
PARTIES
'
FREEDOM
TO
AGREE
ON
THE
PROCEDURE
.
257
2.
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
POWER
TO
DETERMINE
THE
PROCEDURE
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
AN
AGREEMENT
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
258
3.
LIMITATIONS
TO
THE
PROCEDURE
ADOPTED:
COMPLIANCE
WITH
THE
PARTIES
'
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
AND
THEIR
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
259
A)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
259
B)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
261
C.
ORGANIZATION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
262
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
262
1.
PROCEDURAL
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
262
2.
TIMING
.
262
3.
PRELIMINARY
MEETINGS
AND
CASE
MANAGEMENT
CONFERENCE
.
263
4.
CONTENT
OF
THE
PROCEDURAL
RULES
.
264
5.
FORM
OF
PROCEDURAL
RULES
.
265
6.
TERMS
OF
REFERENCE
AND
TERMS
OF
APPOINTMENT
.
266
7.
LANGUAGE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
.
267
8.
REPRESENTATION
OF
THE
PARTIES
.
268
9.
DEPOSIT
OF
COSTS
.
270
10.
PROCEDURAL
TIMETABLE
.
270
11.
MULTITUDE
OF
APPROACHES
.
270
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
271
1.
PROCEDURAL
RULES
ESTABLISHED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
271
2.
SELECTED
ISSUES
.
272
D.
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
273
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
273
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
273
XXIV
2.
EXCHANGE
OF
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
273
3.
CONTENT
OF
WRITTEN
SUBMISSIONS
.
274
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
275
E.
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
275
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
275
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
275
2.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
RULES
RELATING
TO
THE
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
277
3.
ADMISSIBILITY
AND
PROBATIVE
VALUE
.
278
4.
BURDEN
OF
PROOF
.
279
5.
EVIDENTIARY
MEANS
.
280
A)
PRODUCTION
OF
DOCUMENTS
.
280
B)
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
284
C)
EXPERT
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
287
AA)
PARTY-APPOINTED
EXPERTS
.
287
BB)
TRIBUNAL-APPOINTED
EXPERTS
.
288
D)
INSPECTION
.
289
6.
ASSISTANCE
OF
STATE
COURTS
IN
RELATION
TO
THE
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
290
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
292
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
292
2.
ADMISSIBILITY
AND
PROBATIVE
VALUE
.
293
3.
BURDEN
OF
PROOF
.
293
4.
EVIDENTIARY
MEANS
.
294
A)
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
294
B)
EXPERT
WITNESS
TESTIMONY
.
294
5.
ASSISTANCE
OF
THE
SWISS
STATE
COURTS
IN
RELATION
TO
TAKING
OF
EVIDENCE
.
296
F.
HEARINGS
.
299
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
299
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
299
2.
ORGANIZATION
OF
HEARINGS
.
300
3.
EX
PARTE
HEARINGS
AND
DEFAULT
PROCEEDINGS
IN
GENERAL
.
303
4.
PROCEDURE
AFTER
THE
HEARING
.
305
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
305
G.
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
306
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
306
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
306
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
306
3.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURTS
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
308
XXV
4.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
STATE
COURT
'
S
JURISDICTION
AND
THE
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
309
5.
CONDITIONS
FOR
ORDERING
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
311
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
311
B)
EX
PARTE
MEASURES
.
313
6.
CONTENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
315
7.
FORM
OF
ORDERS
FOR
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
317
8.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
317
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
317
B)
PENALTIES
FOR
NON-COMPLIANCE
WITH
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
318
C)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
BY
STATE
COURTS
OR
WITH
THE
ASSISTANCE
OF
STATE
COURTS
.
319
9.
LIABILITY
FOR
UNJUSTIFIED
MEASURES
.
320
10.
EMERGENCY
ARBITRATOR
.
320
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
323
1.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
323
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURTS
TO
ORDER
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
324
A)
CONCURRENT
JURISDICTION
.
324
B)
THE
RISK
OF
CONFLICTS
AND
THE
PROHIBITION
OF
USING
PARALLEL
JURISDICTION
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
ANY
CHANGE
IN
THE
CIRCUMSTANCES
.
325
3.
CONDITIONS
FOR
OBTAINING
INTERIM
MEASURES
FROM
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
325
4.
CONTENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
327
5.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
328
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
328
B)
PENALTIES
FOR
NON-COMPLIANCE
WITH
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
328
C)
STATE
COURT
ASSISTANCE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
183(2)
SPILA
.
328
D)
OTHER
ISSUES
CONCERNING
THE
ENFORCEMENT
OF
DECISIONS
ON
INTERIM
MEASURES
.
330
AA)
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
330
BB)
INTERIM
MEASURES
ORDERED
BY
STATE
COURTS
.
332
6.
EMERGENCY
ARBITRATOR
.
333
H.
STATE
COURT
SUPPORT
FOR
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
334
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
334
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
335
I.
TERMINATION
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
336
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
336
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
337
XXVI
CHAPTER
5
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
.
.339
A.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
341
B.
(POSITIVE)
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
342
I.
VALID
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
342
IL
LEGAL
INTEREST
WORTHY
OF
PROTECTION
.
342
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
342
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
342
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
343
III.
ARBITRABILITY
RATIONE
MATERIAE
.
345
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
345
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
345
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
346
IV.
CAPACITY
OF
THE
PARTIES
TO
INITIATE
AND
CONDUCT
ARBITRAL
PROCEEDINGS
.
347
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
347
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
349
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
350
A)
DIFFERENT
ASPECTS
OF
CAPACITY
.
350
B)
CAPACITY
TO
INITIATE
AND
CONDUCT
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
350
V.
PROPER
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
353
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
353
2.
SWISS
LAW
.
353
VI.
PAYMENT
OF
ADVANCE
ON
COSTS
.
354
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
354
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
354
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
355
VII.
MEETING
OF
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
THE
MANDATE
OF
ARBITRATORS,
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
356
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
356
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
357
A)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
INITIATION
OF
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
OR
THE
MANDATE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
357
B)
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
358
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
358
A)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
INITIATION
OF
ARBITRATION
PROCEEDINGS
.
358
B)
COOLING-OFF
PERIOD
AND
PRE-ARBITRAL
STEPS
.
358
C)
TIME
LIMITS
REGARDING
MANDATE
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
360
XXVII
VIII.
EXPERT
DETERMINATION
OR
PRE-ARBITRAL
DISPUTE
ADJUDICATION
BOARDS
AS
A
PREREQUISITE
FOR
ARBITRATION
.
360
1.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
360
2.
SWISS
LAW
.
360
C.
NEGATIVE
CONDITIONS
OF
ADMISSIBILITY
.
361
I.
RES
JUDICATA
.
361
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
361
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
362
A)
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
362
B)
RECOGNITION
(OR
ENFORCEABILITY)
OF
THE
PRIOR
DECISION
.
366
C)
IDENTITY
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
367
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
368
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
368
B)
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
369
C)
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
WITH
RES
JUDICATA
EFFECTS
.
370
D)
SCOPE
AND
LIMITS
OF
THE
EFFECT
OF
RES
JUDICATA
.
370
E)
AWARDS
RENDERED
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
371
F)
PREREQUISITES
FOR
THE
RES
JUDICATA
EFFECT
OF
A
FOREIGN
JUDGMENT
OR
AWARD
.
372
AA)
RECOGNITION
OR
ENFORCEABILITY
OF
THE
PRIOR
DECISION
.
372
BB)
IDENTITY
OF
THE
DISPUTE
.
374
G)
CONCLUSION
.
376
II.
LIS
PENDENS
.
377
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
377
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
378
A)
LIS
PENDENS
BETWEEN
STATE
COURTS
AND
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
AND
VICE
VERSA
.
378
B)
LIS
PENDENS
BETWEEN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNALS
.
379
C)
LIS
PENDENS
WITH
REGARD
TO
INTERIM
OR
PROVISIONAL
MEASURES
.
380
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
381
A)
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
SITUATION
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
381
B)
STATE
COURT
PROCEEDINGS
COMMENCED
PRIOR
TO
ARBITRATION
.
381
C)
ARBITRATION
COMMENCED
PRIOR
TO
THE
COMMENCEMENT
OF
ANOTHER
ARBITRATION
.
384
III.
INSOLVENCY
OF
A
PARTY
.
386
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
386
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
386
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
387
IV.
ANTI-ARBITRATION
INJUNCTIONS
.
389
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
389
XXVIII
2.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
389
3.
SWISS
LAW
.
390
CHAPTER
6
THE
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
OF
THE
CASE
.
.
.391
A.
CHOICE
OF
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
393
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
393
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
393
2.
APPLICATION
OF
THE
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
OF
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
.
393
3.
PARTY AUTONOMY
AS
THE
MOST
PROMINENT
AND
WIDELY
ACCEPTED
INTERNATIONAL
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
.
393
4.
CHOICE
OF
A
NATIONAL
LAW
.
396
5.
CHOICE
OF
NON-NATIONAL
RULES
OF
LAW
AS
GOVERNING
LAW
.
399
6.
TIMING
OF
THE
CHOICE
OF
LAW
BY
THE
PARTIES
.
401
7.
LIMITATIONS
ON
PARTY
AUTONOMY
REGARDING
CHOICE
OF
LAW
.
401
A)
"
LOIS
DE
POLICE
"
OR
"
LOIS
D'APPLICATION
IMMEDIATE
"
.
401
B)
INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
404
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
405
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
405
2.
PARTY AUTONOMY
.
405
A)
GENERAL
COMMENTS
.
405
B)
FORMAL
VALIDITY
.
406
C)
LIMITATIONS
ON
PARTY
AUTONOMY
REGARDING
CHOICE
OF
LAW
.
408
B.
DETERMINATION
OF
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
BY
THE
ARBITRATORS
.
413
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
413
1.
ARBITRATORS
CHOOSE
THE
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULES
THEY
DEEM
APPROPRIATE
.
413
2.
SPECIFIC
CONFLICT
OF
LAWS
RULE
PROVIDED
FOR
BY
THE
LEX
ARBITRI
ITSELF
.
414
3.
"
VOIE
DIRECTE
"
.
414
4.
NATIONAL
LAW
OR
NON-NATIONAL
RULES?
.
415
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
416
1.
ART.
187(1)
SPILA
.
416
2.
THE
CLOSEST-CONNECTION
TEST
.
416
C.
PROOF
OF
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
418
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
418
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
418
XXIX
D.
ARBITRATION
EX
AEQUO
ET
BONO
AND
"
AMIABLE
COMPOSITEUR
"
.
419
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
419
1.
ARBITRATION
EX
AEQUO
ET
BONO
.
419
2.
"
AMIABLE
COMPOSITEUR
"
.
420
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
421
E.
SANCTIONS
FOR
VIOLATION
OF
THE
RULES
REGARDING
THE
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
421
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
421
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
422
CHAPTER
7
THE
AWARD
.
423
A.
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
.
425
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
425
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
425
2.
DISTINCTION
OF
PRELIMINARY
AWARDS
AND
PROCEDURAL
ORDERS
.
425
3.
TYPES
OF
AWARDS
.
426
A)
FINAL
AWARD
.
426
B)
PARTIAL
AWARD
.
426
C)
PRELIMINARY
AWARD
.
427
D)
DEFAULT
AWARD
.
428
E)
AWARD
ON
AGREED
TERMS
(CONSENT
AWARD)
.
428
F
)
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
.
429
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
430
1.
FINAL
AWARD
.
430
2.
PARTIAL
AWARD
.
430
3.
PRELIMINARY
AWARD
.
431
4.
DEFAULT
AWARD
.
432
5.
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
.
432
B.
MAKING
OF
AN
AWARD
.
433
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
433
1.
THE
ARBITRATORS
'
DELIBERATIONS
.
433
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
433
B)
FORM
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
.
433
C)
CONFIDENTIALITY
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND
VOTING
.
434
2.
VOTING:
UNANIMOUS
OR
MAJORITY
DECISIONS
.
434
3.
FAILURE
OR
REFUSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
TO
PARTICIPATE
IN
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND/OR
VOTING
.
434
4.
TIME
LIMITS
FOR
THE
MAKING
OF
AN
AWARD
.
435
XXX
5.
DISSENTING
AND
CONCURRING
OPINIONS
.
436
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
437
1.
PARTY
AUTONOMY
.
437
2.
THE
ARBITRATORS
'
DELIBERATIONS
.
438
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
438
B)
FORM
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
.
438
C)
CONFIDENTIALITY
OF
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND
VOTING
.
438
3.
VOTING:
UNANIMOUS
OR
MAJORITY
DECISIONS
.
439
4.
FAILURE
OR
REFUSAL
OF
AN
ARBITRATOR
TO
PARTICIPATE
IN
THE
DELIBERATIONS
AND/OR
VOTING
.
439
5.
TIME
LIMIT
FOR
RENDERING
THE
AWARD
.
440
6.
DISSENTING
OPINIONS
.
440
7.
DEPOSIT
OF
THE
AWARD
AND
CERTIFICATION
BY
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
441
C.
FORM,
CONTENT
AND
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
442
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
442
1.
WRITTEN
FORM
REQUIREMENT
.
442
2.
TYPICAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
AWARD
.
442
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
442
B)
SIGNATURE
.
443
C)
PLACE
AND
DATE
.
443
D)
REASONING
.
444
E)
COSTS
.
444
F
)
OPERATIVE
PART
.
446
3.
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
447
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
447
1.
WRITTEN
FORM
REQUIREMENT
.
447
2.
TYPICAL
ELEMENTS
OF
THE
AWARD
.
448
A)
SIGNATURE
.
448
B)
DATE
OF
THE
AWARD
.
449
C)
REASONING
.
449
D)
COSTS
.
451
E)
OPERATIVE
(OR
"
DISPOSITIVE
"
)
PART
.
452
3.
NOTIFICATION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
452
D.
CORRECTION
AND
INTERPRETATION
OF
THE
AWARD
AND
RENDERING
OF
AN
ADDITIONAL
AWARD
453
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
453
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
453
2.
CORRECTION
.
453
3.
INTERPRETATION
.
454
4.
ADDITIONAL
AWARDS
.
455
XXXI
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
455
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
455
2.
CORRECTION
AND
INTERPRETATION
.
456
3.
ADDITIONAL
AWARDS
.
457
E.
CONFIDENTIALITY
AND
PUBLICATION
OF
AWARDS
.
457
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
457
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
459
F.
CHALLENGING
AN
AWARD
.
459
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
459
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
459
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
STATE
COURT
AT
THE
SEAT
OF
ARBITRATION
.
460
3.
TIME
LIMITS
.
460
4.
DECISIONS
WHICH
CAN
BE
CHALLENGED
.
461
5.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
.
461
6.
EFFECTS
OF
A
SUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
462
7.
EXCLUSION
AND
WAIVER
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
.
463
A)
EXCLUSION
.
463
B)
WAIVER
.
465
8.
APPEAL
AGAINST
THE
AWARD
BEFORE
A
SECOND
INSTANCE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
466
II.
SWISS
LAW
.
467
1.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
467
2.
TIME
LIMIT
.
468
3.
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
OF
AN
APPLICATION
TO
CHALLENGE
.
470
4.
EFFECT
OF
CHALLENGE
ON
ENFORCEABILITY
.
473
5.
DECISIONS
THAT
CAN
BE
CHALLENGED
.
474
6.
PROCEDURE
BEFORE
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
477
7.
EFFECTS
OF
A
CHALLENGE
.
479
A)
SUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
479
B)
UNSUCCESSFUL
CHALLENGE
.
481
8.
GROUNDS
FOR
CHALLENGE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
190(2)
SPILA
.
482
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
482
B)
IRREGULAR
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
(ART.
190(2)
(A)
SPILA)
.
484
C)
WRONG
RULING
ON
JURISDICTION
(ART.
190(2)
(B)
SPILA)
.
487
D)
ULTRA,
INFRA
OR
EXTRA
PETITA
(ART.
190(2)(C)
SPILA)
.
488
E)
VIOLATION
OF
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
AND
EQUAL
TREATMENT
(ART.
190(2)
(D)
SPILA)
490
AA)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
490
BB)
RIGHT
TO
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
497
F)
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
(ART.
190(2)
(E)
SPILA)
.
498
AA)
SUBSTANTIVE
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
499
XXXII
BB)
PROCEDURAL
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
504
9.
LIKELIHOOD
OF
SUCCESS
.
505
10.
EXCLUSION
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
CHALLENGE
PURSUANT
TO
ART.
192
SPILA
.
506
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
506
B)
REQUIREMENTS
OF
A
VALID
EXCLUSION
.
507
C)
EFFECTS
OF
A
VALID
EXCLUSION
.
509
G.
REVISION
OF
THE
AWARD
.
511
I.
COMPARATIVE
OVERVIEW
.
511
IL
SWISS
LAW
.
512
1.
GROUNDS
FOR
REVISION
.
512
2.
JURISDICTION
OF
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
.
516
3.
REVISABLE
DECISIONS
.
516
4.
TIME
LIMITS
.
516
5.
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
AN
APPLICATION
FOR
REVISION
.
518
6.
CONSEQUENCES
OF
A
SUCCESSFUL
REVISION
.
519
7.
EXCLUSION
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
REQUEST
A
REVISION
.
519
CHAPTER
8
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
521
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
523
B.
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
OF
1958
.
525
I.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
OF
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
525
1.
EXISTENCE
OF
AN
"
ARBITRAL
AWARD
"
.
525
2.
EXISTENCE
OF
A
"
FOREIGN
"
OR
"
NON-DOMESTIC
"
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
528
3.
EXISTENCE
OF
AN
ARBITRAL
AWARD
"
ARISING
OUT
OF
DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN
PERSONS,
WHETHER
PHYSICAL
OR
LEGAL
"
.
530
II.
FORMAL
REQUIREMENTS
.
531
III.
GROUNDS
FOR
REFUSING
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
UNDER
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
533
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
533
2.
GROUNDS
WHICH
MUST
BE
INVOKED
BY
A
PARTY
.
.
.
535
A)
ART.
V(L)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
INCAPACITY
AND
INVALIDITY
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
535
AA)
INCAPACITY
OF
A
PARTY
TO
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
535
BB)
FORMAL
AND
SUBSTANTIVE
INVALIDITY
.
536
CC)
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
538
B)
ART.
V(L)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
DUE
PROCESS
.
539
C)
ART.
V(L)(C)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
AWARD
DEALING
WITH
A
DIFFERENCE
NOT
CONTEMPLATED
OR
NOT
FALLING
WITHIN
THE
SCOPE
OF
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
542
XXXIII
D)
ART.
V(L)(D)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
NOT
PROPERLY
CONSTI
TUTED
OR
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
NOT
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
543
E)
ART.
V(L)(E)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
AWARD
NOT
YET
BINDING,
SET
ASIDE
OR
SUSPENDED
.
545
3.
GROUNDS
WHICH
THE
STATE
COURT
CONSIDERS
ON
ITS
OWN
MOTION
.
550
A)
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
550
B)
ART.
V(2)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
LACK
OF
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
550
C)
ART.
V(2)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
551
C.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
552
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
552
1.
FOREIGN
AWARDS
.
553
2.
SWISS
AWARDS
.
554
IL
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
555
1.
APPLICATION
OF
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
555
2.
PARTICULARITIES
OF
SWISS
LAW
AND
SWISS
CASE
LAW
.
555
A)
ART.
1(2)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
EXISTENCE
OF
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
555
B)
ART.
V(L)(A)
AND
ART.
II
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VALID
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
556
C)
ART.
V(L)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
DUE
PROCESS
.
557
D)
ART.
V(L)(D)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
NOT
PROPERLY
CONSTI
TUTED
OR
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
NOT
IN
ACCORDANCE
WITH
THE
ARBITRATION
AGREEMENT
.
558
E)
ART.
V(L)(E)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
ARBITRAL
AWARD
NOT
YET
BINDING,
SET
ASIDE
OR
SUSPENDED
.
559
F
)
FURTHER
CONDITIONS
NECESSARY
FOR
THE
RECOGNITION
OF
A
FOREIGN
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
560
G)
ART.
V(2)(A)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
LACK
OF
SUBJECT
MATTER
ARBITRABILITY
.
562
H)
ART.
V(2)(B)
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION:
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
562
3.
DISCREPANCIES
BETWEEN
THE
GROUNDS
FOR
SETTING
ASIDE
UNDER
THE
SPILA
AND
THE
GROUNDS
FOR
REFUSAL
OF
RECOGNITION
UNDER
THE
NEW
YORK
CONVENTION
.
564
4.
FORMAL
REQUIREMENTS
.
565
5.
ENFORCEMENT
.
566
A)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
566
B)
ENFORCEMENT
OF
FOREIGN
NON-MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
570
III.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
SWISS
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
570
1.
CERTIFICATE
OF
ENFORCEABILITY
.
570
2.
MONETARY ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
572
3.
NON-MONETARY
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
573
XXXIV
CHAPTER
9
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
.
575
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
577
I.
GENERAL
PURPOSE
OF
INVESTMENT
TREATIES
.
577
II.
DEFINITION
AND
MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS
.
577
B.
BACKGROUND,
DEVELOPMENT
AND
PARTICULARITIES
.
579
I.
GOOD
OFFICES,
DIPLOMATIC
PROTECTION
AND
INTERNATIONAL
DISPUTES
.
579
II.
INVESTMENT
TREATIES
.
579
III.
ARBITRATION
UNDER
THE
CONVENTION
ON
THE
SETTLEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
DISPUTES
BETWEEN
STATES
AND
NATIONALS
OF
OTHER
STATES
(ICSID
CONVENTION)
.
580
IV.
INFLUENCE
OF
CIVIL
SOCIETY
.
581
V.
INTRA-EUROPEAN
UNION
INVESTMENT
TREATY
ARBITRATION
.
582
1.
CONTEXT
.
582
2.
THE
ACHMEA
JUDGMENT
.
583
3.
THE
CONSEQUENCES
OF
ACHMEA
FOR
INTRA-EU
ARBITRATIONS
SEATED
IN
THE
EU
.
584
C.
ARBITRATION
CLAUSE
AND
JURISDICTION
.
586
I.
DEFINITION,
PURPOSE
AND
FORM
.
586
II.
VALIDITY,
FORM
AND
STANDARD
OF
INTERPRETATION
AND
SOURCES
OF
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
587
III.
CONSENT
TO
REFER
THE
DISPUTE
TO
ARBITRATION
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
1)
.
589
IV.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
LEGAL
RELATIONSHIP
(ESSENTIALIA
NEGOTII
2)
.
590
1.
TREATY
BREACHES
BY
THE
HOST
STATE
.
590
2.
DISPUTES
IN
CONNECTION
WITH
INVESTMENTS
.
590
3.
STANDARDS
OF
PROTECTION
.
592
4.
DISPUTES
UNDER
AN
UMBRELLA
CLAUSE
.
593
V.
ADDITIONAL
REQUIREMENTS
FOR
AN
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
'
S
JURISDICTION
.
594
VI.
SUBJECT
MATTER
COVERED
BY
THE
PARTIES
'
CONSENT
.
594
VII.
THE
CONSTITUTION
OF
THE
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
595
1.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
595
2.
IN
ICSID
ARBITRATION
.
595
VIII.
DESIGNATION
OF
THE
SEAT
.
596
D.
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
597
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
597
II.
CONFIDENTIALITY
AND
TRANSPARENCY
.
598
1.
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
.
598
2.
ACCESS
TO
INFORMATION
.
598
III.
THIRD-PARTY
SUBMISSIONS
.
599
E.
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
600
I.
INTRODUCTORY
COMMENTS
.
600
XXXV
IL
CHOICE
OF
LAW BY
THE
PARTIES
.
600
III.
CHOICE
OF
LAW
IN
THE
ABSENCE
OF
THE
PARTIES
'
AGREEMENT
.
600
F.
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
601
I.
ANNULMENT
OF
THE
AWARD
.
601
II.
RECOGNITION
AND
ENFORCEMENT
OF
INVESTMENT
AWARDS
.
602
G.
TREATY-BASED
INVESTMENT
ARBITRATION
AND
SWITZERLAND
.
603
1.
LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
.
604
2.
REVIEW
OF
THE
MAIN
DECISIONS
RENDERED
BY
THE
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
IN
INVESTMENT
TREATY
ARBITRATIONS
.
605
A)
ONLY
ONE
AWARD
PARTIALLY
SET
ASIDE
IN
TWENTY
YEARS
.
605
B)
CONDITIONS
FOR
A
VALID
WAIVER
OF
THE
RIGHT
TO
SEEK
ANNULMENT
OF
AN
AWARD
(ART.
192(1)
SPILA)
.
606
C)
JURISDICTION
(ART.
190(2)
(B)
SPILA)
.
607
D)
EQUAL
TREATMENT
AND
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
(ART.
190(2)
(D)
SPILA)
.
609
E)
PUBLIC
POLICY
(ART.
190(2)
(E)
SPILA)
.
610
3.
EFFECTS
OF
ACHMEA
ON
INTRA-EU
BIT
ARBITRATIONS
SEATED
IN
SWITZERLAND
.
611
CHAPTER
10
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
613
A.
INTRODUCTION
.
615
I.
CHARACTERISTICS
.
615
II.
BACKGROUND
.
615
III.
THE
IMPORTANCE
OF
SWITZERLAND
IN
SPORTS
ARBITRATION
.
616
IV.
THE
ROLE
OF
THE
EU
AND
THE
CASE
LAW
OF
THE
EUROPEAN
COURT
OF
JUSTICE
IN
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
SPORTS
LAW
.
617
V.
SPORTS-RELATED
DISPUTES
.
619
VI.
ARBITRATION
IN
SPORT
.
620
1.
SPORT
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
ORGANIZATIONS
.
620
2.
INTERNAL
DISPUTE
RESOLUTION
OF
SPORT
ORGANIZATIONS
.
621
A)
THE
NEED
FOR
INTERNAL
MECHANISMS
.
621
B)
SPECIAL
INTERNAL
DISPUTE
MECHANISMS
.
623
B.
THE
COURT
OF
ARBITRATION
FOR
SPORT
.
623
I.
BACKGROUND
.
623
II.
ORGANIZATION
.
625
III.
CAS
SPORTS
CASE
LAW
.
627
IV.
THE
CAS
CODE
AND
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
627
1.
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
CAS
CODE
.
627
2.
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
630
3.
AGREEMENT
TO
ARBITRATE
.
631
XXXVI
A)
APPLICATION
OF
THE
CAS
CODE
AND
THE
CAS
ADD
RULES
.
631
B)
CONSENT
.
632
C)
SEPARABILITY
.
634
D)
COMPETENCE-COMPETENCE
.
634
4.
ARBITRAL
TRIBUNAL
.
634
A)
SEAT
.
634
B)
CONSTITUTION
.
635
AA)
FORMATION
OF
THE
PANEL
.
635
BB)
CHALLENGE
.
637
C)
IMPARTIALITY
AND
INDEPENDENCE
.
637
5.
ARBITRAL
PROCEDURE
.
639
A)
ORDINARY
ARBITRATION
.
639
B)
CAS
ANTI-DOPING
DIVISION
ARBITRATION
.
640
AA)
DIRECT
REFERENCE
TO
THE
CAS
ANTI-DOPING
DIVISION
.
640
BB)
COMMENCING
THE
ARBITRATION
.
641
CC)
PROCEDURE
BEFORE
THE
PANEL
.
641
DD)
AWARD
.
641
C)
APPEALS
ARBITRATION
.
642
AA)
DIRECT
REFERENCE
TO
THE
CAS
.
642
BB)
APPEAL
AGAINST
A
DECISION
OR
AWARD
.
642
CC)
EXHAUSTION
OF
INTERNAL
REMEDIES
.
643
DD)
STATEMENT
OF
APPEAL
.
643
EE)
TIME
LIMITS
.
644
FF)
OTHER
PROCEDURAL
ISSUES
.
644
D)
STANDING
IN
CAS
APPEALS
.
645
E)
SCOPE
OF
REVIEW
.
646
F)
HEARINGS
.
646
6.
COSTS
.
647
7.
LAW
APPLICABLE
TO
THE
MERITS
.
648
A)
CHOICE
OF
APPLICABLE
LAW
.
648
B)
EVIDENCE
.
648
8.
THE
ARBITRAL
AWARD
.
649
V.
SETTING
ASIDE
.
650
1.
ADMISSIBILITY
.
650
2.
GROUNDS
FOR
SETTING
ASIDE
AN
AWARD
.
654
A)
IMPROPER
CONSTITUTION
.
654
B)
WRONG
ACCEPTANCE
OR
DENIAL
OF
JURISDICTION
.
654
C)
DECISION
BEYOND
CLAIMS
SUBMITTED
OR
FAILURE
TO
DECIDE
.
655
D)
VIOLATION
OF
EQUAL
TREATMENT/RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
655
AA)
EQUAL
TREATMENT
.
655
BB)
RIGHT
TO
BE
HEARD
.
656
XXXVII
E)
PUBLIC
POLICY
.
657
3.
REVISION
.
660
VI.
ENFORCEMENT
.
660
TABLE
OF
CASES
.
663
SWISS
SUPREME
COURT
DECISIONS
.
663
ARBITRAL
AWARDS
.
685
COURT
DECISIONS
.
695
INDEX
.
703
XXXVIII |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Girsberger, Daniel 1960- Voser, Nathalie 1963- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)111727685 (DE-588)1056921471 (DE-588)1231800275 (DE-588)1231800372 |
| author_facet | Girsberger, Daniel 1960- Voser, Nathalie 1963- |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Girsberger, Daniel 1960- |
| author_variant | d g dg n v nv |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047327222 |
| classification_rvk | PT 350 PT 375 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1257813464 (DE-599)DNB1227158319 |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| discipline_str_mv | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | Fourth extended edition |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Schweiz (DE-588)4053881-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Schweiz |
| id | DE-604.BV047327222 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:31:28Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T05:50:58Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)117513-0 |
| isbn | 9783848770434 9783725581450 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032729826 |
| oclc_num | 1257813464 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-739 DE-11 DE-M382 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-739 DE-11 DE-M382 DE-703 |
| physical | LXXXV, 726 Seiten 24.5 cm x 17.5 cm |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Nomos Schulthess |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Girsberger, Daniel 1960- Verfasser (DE-588)111727685 aut International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives Prof. Dr. Daniel Girsberger, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., Prof. Dr. Nathalie Voser, Attorney-at-law, LL. M. with the assistance of Fabian Loretan, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., and Sanela Ninković, LL. M. Fourth extended edition Baden-Baden Nomos 2021 Zürich ; Basel ; Genf Schulthess LXXXV, 726 Seiten 24.5 cm x 17.5 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverzeichnis Seite XXXIX-LXXI Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd rswk-swf Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4052348-2 gnd rswk-swf Schweiz (DE-588)4053881-3 gnd rswk-swf Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit Schiedsverfahren Internationales Schiedsverfahren Court of Arbitration for Sports Swiss PILA Federal Supreme Court ICC LCIA DIS SCC SIAC HKIA VIAC Arbitrial Procedure Arbitrial Tribunal Types of arbitration Arbitration agreement Schweiz (DE-588)4053881-3 g Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4052348-2 s Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 s DE-604 Voser, Nathalie 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)1056921471 aut Loretan, Fabian Sonstige (DE-588)1231800275 oth Ninković, Sanela Sonstige (DE-588)1231800372 oth Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft (DE-588)117513-0 pbl X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=483e443bc3af4c36b6b63a2929284877&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032729826&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Girsberger, Daniel 1960- Voser, Nathalie 1963- International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4052348-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4162055-0 (DE-588)4052348-2 (DE-588)4053881-3 |
| title | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives |
| title_auth | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives |
| title_exact_search | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives |
| title_exact_search_txtP | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives |
| title_full | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives Prof. Dr. Daniel Girsberger, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., Prof. Dr. Nathalie Voser, Attorney-at-law, LL. M. with the assistance of Fabian Loretan, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., and Sanela Ninković, LL. M. |
| title_fullStr | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives Prof. Dr. Daniel Girsberger, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., Prof. Dr. Nathalie Voser, Attorney-at-law, LL. M. with the assistance of Fabian Loretan, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., and Sanela Ninković, LL. M. |
| title_full_unstemmed | International arbitration comparative and Swiss perspectives Prof. Dr. Daniel Girsberger, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., Prof. Dr. Nathalie Voser, Attorney-at-law, LL. M. with the assistance of Fabian Loretan, Attorney-at-law, LL. M., and Sanela Ninković, LL. M. |
| title_short | International arbitration |
| title_sort | international arbitration comparative and swiss perspectives |
| title_sub | comparative and Swiss perspectives |
| topic | Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4162055-0 gnd Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit (DE-588)4052348-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit Schweiz |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=483e443bc3af4c36b6b63a2929284877&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032729826&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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