Watchman at the gates: a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia
"In Watchman at the Gates, General George Joulwan chronicles his exceptional career in the upper echelons of the armed forces. Present at both the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, he served multiple tours in Germany during the Cold War and two tours in Vietnam. By chance, he was recruited as N...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Lexington, Kentucky
The University Press of Kentucky
[2021]
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| Schriftenreihe: | American warriors series
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "In Watchman at the Gates, General George Joulwan chronicles his exceptional career in the upper echelons of the armed forces. Present at both the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, he served multiple tours in Germany during the Cold War and two tours in Vietnam. By chance, he was recruited as Nixon's White House deputy chief of staff and witnessed the last acts of the Watergate drama first-hand. He went on to lead US Southern Command-fighting insurgencies and the drug war in Latin America-and was Supreme Allied Commander of NATO forces in Europe (SACEUR) during the Rwandan genocide and the Bosnian peacekeeping missions of the 1990s. At its heart, this inspiring memoir is a soldier's story-written by a warrior who saw defending his country and the democratic values it stands for as his highest calling. Joulwan shares his experiences working with many major military and political figures, including generals William E. DePuy, Alexander Haig, John Vessey, and Colin Powell, US ambassador Richard Holbrooke, and presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. Throughout, he merges memory and lessons in leadership, paying tribute to his teachers and colleagues and explaining the significance of their influence on his personal approach to command. Featuring a foreword by Tom Brokaw, Watchman at the Gates offers incredible insights into world events as well as valuable lessons for a new generation of leaders"-- |
| Beschreibung: | Includes index |
| Beschreibung: | x, 258 Seiten, 24 unezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9780813180847 |
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| 505 | 8 | |a Learning values -- Germany : the Wall -- Vietnam -- In antiwar Chicago -- An Army in retreat -- In the Watergate White House -- The post-Vietnam Army -- Brigade Commander -- The Chairman's XO -- The Wall comes down -- SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador -- SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade -- Bosnia 1 : Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide -- Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords -- Bosnia 3: The NATO Army -- Epilogue | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "In Watchman at the Gates, General George Joulwan chronicles his exceptional career in the upper echelons of the armed forces. Present at both the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, he served multiple tours in Germany during the Cold War and two tours in Vietnam. By chance, he was recruited as Nixon's White House deputy chief of staff and witnessed the last acts of the Watergate drama first-hand. He went on to lead US Southern Command-fighting insurgencies and the drug war in Latin America-and was Supreme Allied Commander of NATO forces in Europe (SACEUR) during the Rwandan genocide and the Bosnian peacekeeping missions of the 1990s. At its heart, this inspiring memoir is a soldier's story-written by a warrior who saw defending his country and the democratic values it stands for as his highest calling. Joulwan shares his experiences working with many major military and political figures, including generals William E. DePuy, Alexander Haig, John Vessey, and Colin Powell, US ambassador Richard Holbrooke, and presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. Throughout, he merges memory and lessons in leadership, paying tribute to his teachers and colleagues and explaining the significance of their influence on his personal approach to command. Featuring a foreword by Tom Brokaw, Watchman at the Gates offers incredible insights into world events as well as valuable lessons for a new generation of leaders"-- | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 1. Learning Values 3 2. Germany: The Wall 18 3. Vietnam 29 4. In Antiwar Chicago 48 5. An Army in Retreat 63 6. In the Watergate White House 7. The Post-Vietnam Army 74 89 8. Brigade Commander 102 9. The Chairman’s XO 116 10. The Wall Comes Down 134 11. SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador 148 12. SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade 167 13. Bosnia 1: Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide 179 14. Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords 15. Bosnia 3: The NATO Army 216 Epilogue 240 Index 241 Illustrations follow page 124 196
Index A-10 Warthog ground-support aircraft, 97 A-37 ground-support aircraft, 155, 159-60 Abizaid, John, 75, 76,123 Abrams, John, 145,146,147 Abrams M-l battle tanks, 114, 223 AC-47 gunship aircraft, 155 Agnew, Spiro, 81 AirLand Battle doctrine, 24,101,109, 114 Albright, Madeline, 204 Allied Rapid Reaction Corps, 221-22 allies: Joulwan and inclusion of Russian forces in NATO’s Balkan Implementation Force, 216-23, 235, 238; Joulwan on the value of working with, 1-2, 27-28,113; Joulwan’s forging of relationships as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, 98-99; Joulwan’s regional approach to antidrug operations in Latin America and, 167-78, 183-84; Joulwan’s response to the Balkan War as SACEUR and, 183-84,185-87; Partnership for Peace program and, 185-87, 217-18,236-37,238 American Military Group (in El Salvador), 156,158,162 America’s First Battles, 138 Annan, Kofi, 203 anthracite coal mining, 3, 5 Anthracite League, 6 antiaircraft defenses, Serbian, 211 antidrug operations: George H. W. Bush and National Security Directive 18,168,171; Joulwan as head of SOUTHCOM and development of regional approach to, 167-78,183-84; Presidential Directive 14 and, 177 antitank weapons, 96, 100-101 antiwar movement: Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with, 47, 50-57,58-60, 63-64; riots of 1968, 57-59 Apache helicopters, 149 Ap Gu, Battle of, 40-47 Armor School, 28,48,49 Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), 70-72, 73 Army of the Rhine (Great Britain), 137 Army War College: Joulwan as an instructor at, 106-9; Joulwan as a student at, 102-6; Joulwan’s classmates at, 109
Aronson, Bernie, 158 Arter, Bob, 65, 67, 68-69 ARVN. See Army of the Republic of Vietnam A Shau Valley, 69-70, 71, 72 Aspen Institute, 150 Aspin, Les, 182-83,187 Atlantic Command, 121 atrocities: Balkan War and, 187-88, 196-203,206, 207; El Salvadoran civil war and, 156, 158-59, 163; Rwandan genocide, 189-92 Augsburg, 110 Austria, 186 autogolpe, 174 B-52 bombers, 45 Balanzino, Sergio, 197,198 Balkan War: 1994 shelling of the 241
242 Sarajevo main marketplace, 187-88; cease fire in 1994, 200; Dayton Accords, 213-15,216, 223-28,229-32 (see also Dayton Accords); decision to allow NATO forces to protect safe havens, 206-7; failed UN strategy and Bosnian Serb bombing of safe havens, 196-203, 206, 207; history of ethnic and ideological violence in the Balkans, 182; Richard Holbrooke and cease-fire negotiations, 207-9, 210,211, 212-13; Joulwan and development of the Partnership for Peace program, 185-87, 188,217-18, 238; Joulwan’s conference with Clinton to gain approval for the involvement of US troops, 203-5; Joulwan’s development of a NATO response to in 1993-1994, 181-89; Joulwan’s meeting with Pope John Paul II and, 228-29; London conference, 203, 205-7; NATO air strikes in 1994, 188-89,199-200; NATO and Operation Deliberate Force, 207,208, 209-11, 212; NATO’s Implementation Force, 212, 213,214,216-23 (see also Implementation Force); NATO’s OPLAN 10405 for deployment of ground forces, 211-12; situation facing Joulwan upon appointment to SACEUR, 179-80; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3, 206; Stabilization Force and, 232; war criminals and, 231-32, 233-34 Baptiste, John, 224 Barbary pirates, 60 Barnet, Ross, 105 basketball, 8 Bastogne, Battle of, 71 Beast Barracks, 11-13 Beatrix, Queen of Holland, 181 Beirut bombing, 121,122,124-28 INDEX Belgium: Rwandan genocide and, 189-90 Belgrade, 223,224 Bellino, Joe, 16 Berger, Sandy, 204 Berlin, 18-19, 23-24,145 Berlin Airlift, 18 Berlin Wall, 18-19,23,145 Berry, Sid, 38 Biddle, Nicholas, 11 Bihać, 199,200 Bildt, Carl, 213,214,229 Bishop, Maurice, 120 “Blackhawk down”
battle, 184-85 Black Panthers, 56, 57 Blaik, Red, 9,15-16 Blanchard, Doc, 9,16 Blue Book, 15, 75-76 Blue Spaders. See Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division Bolivia, 169,170,171 Bosnia: 1994 shelling of the Sarajevo main marketplace, 187-88; Dayton Accords and reconstruction of civil life in, 229-31; Joulwan’s visit to the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, 233; Serb bombing of safe havens and the failed UN strategy in, 196-203, 206, 207; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3. See also Balkan War Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks): implementation of the Dayton Accords and, 227-28; Serb’s bombing of safe havens and, 196-203, 206,207; Serb’s siege of Sarajevo and, 187-88; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3. See also Balkan War Bosnian Serbs: bombing of safe havens in Bosnia, 196-203, 206, 207; military support from Serbia and Slobodan Milosevic, 200, 223-24; Ratko Mladic as military leader, 206; NATO air strikes against in 1994,188-89,199-200;
Index 243 NATO’s Operation Deliberate Force and, 207,208,209-11, 212; shelling of Sarajevo by, 187-88. See also Balkan War bounding and overwatch, 32 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 188 Boykin, William, 175-76 Bradley Fighting Vehicles, 114, 223 Brady, Mike, 11 Bratton, Joe, 91 Breaker Boys, The (Fleming), 7 Brokaw, Tom, 86 Bronze Star, 55 Brown, Rick, 76-77 Bujumbura, 191 Burundi, 190-91 Bush, George H. W.: Desert Storm and, 148-49,151; National Security Directive 18 and antidrug operations, 168,171; “peace time” engagement strategy and promotion of democratic values, 150,167; Presidential Directive 14,177 Butterfield, Alexander, 81 C-5 airlift aircraft, 194 C-17 transport aircraft, 226 C-130 gunship aircraft, 123,191 Cali Cartel, 176 Cambodia, 41, 60,61 Cameroon, 194 Camp Eagle, 65, 72 Canton Bulldogs, 6 Carrington, Lord, 207 Carter, Jimmy, 117,200,207 Cash, Dean, 186-87 Castro, Fidel, 121 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 169,170,172 Chapare region, 169 Chapultepec Peace Accords, 163 Charles, Prince, 220 Chavez, Hugo, 174 Cheney, Dick, 88,148,149,151, 153, 158 Chernenko, Viktor, 133 Chicago: Joulwan and the Free University, 53-56; Joulwan as a survivor’s assistance officer, 55; Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with antiwar movement, 50-57, 58-60, 63-64; Joulwan’s reflections on his experiences in, 63; riots of 1968, 57-59. See also Loyola University Chicago Cardinals, 6 China Beach, 72 cholera epidemic, 192-95 Christians: in the Balkans, 182 Christmas Bombing, 77-78 Christopher, Warren, 186, 204 CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency CINCEUR. See Commander in Chief, Europe
CINCs. See commanders in chief Civil War, 10-11,60-61 Claes, Willie, 205-6 clarity of mission: Joulwan’s reflections on the importance of, 52-53, 61-62,108; lack of in the Vietnam War, 53, 61-62; moral courage and, 108 Clark, Wesley, 234 Clarke, Dick, 172 Clay, Lucius, 23 Clinton, Bill: Balkan War and, 203-5, 213; Joulwan’s appointment to SACEUR and, 177-78,179; Joulwan’s apprehension of Balkan war criminals and, 233; Partnership for Peace program and, 186, 236-37; Presidential Directive 14 and antidrug operations in Latin America, 177; rapport with Joulwan, 205; response to Joulwan’s request for troops in Europe, 182-83,236; response to the cholera epidemic in Zaire, 192; Rwandan genocide and, 192 Clinton, George, 60 cloverleaf reconnaissance, 32 CNN, 203
244 INDEX Coaldale (PA), 7 coalitions: Joulwan on the value of, 27-28. See also allies Coard, Bernard, 121 Cobra attack helicopters, 43,123 Coburg, 110, 111 cocaine, 167-68,169-70,172-73 coffin notices, 7 Cohen, William, 233,240 Cold War: Berlin Wall crisis, 18-19, 23-24; collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145—47; William DePuy’s strategy for American forces in Germany, 23, 24; Joulwan’s assessment of US failures at the end of, 235; Joulwan’s decision to enter West Point and, 11; Joulwan with the Third Infantry Division in Germany, 18, 20-22; NATORussia Founding Act and, 218, 235. See also Soviet Union Colombia, 169-70,171,175-76 Combined Air Operations, 207 Combined Joint Task Force, 185, 237 Command and General Staff College, 62, 64—65 Commander in Chief, Europe (CINCEUR): Alexander Haig as, 89, 90-93; Joulwan as, 179,180, 182-83, 185. See also Supreme Allied Commander Europe commanders: Joulwan on the qualities of, 112 commanders in chief (CINCs), 118, 132 Committee to Re-elect the President, 79 Congo, 192-95 Congress: El Salvadoran civil war crisis and, 150, 156,157, 158, 159,160,161; Joulwan’s antidrug operations in Latin America and, 174; in Joulwan’s study of executive war powers, 60, 61 Continental Army, 10 Cook, Robin, 233 Corps of Cadets, 12 Covington, Steve, 222 Cox, Archibald, 80, 81 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 165-66 Cristiani, Alfredo, 156,157,160,161, 164 Croatia, 182,199-200 Crouch, Bill, 232 Crowe, William, 133 Cuba: Grenada and, 121,122,124 Cuban Missile Crisis, 28, 61 Cundiff, Brian, 44-45 Current Affairs Panel, 104-6 Cutileiro, José, 207 Daher, Mantura, 3. See
also Joulwan, Mantura Daley, Judith, 136-37 Dallaire, Romeo, 190 DARPA. See Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Davis, Ernie, 16 Davis, Glenn, 9,16 Dawson, Earnest, 159,160 Dayan, Moshe, 37 Day of the Rope, 5-6 Dayton Accords: implementation goals, 216; implementation of, 223-28, 229-32; negotiation of, 213-15 DCSOPS, USAEUR. See deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe DEA. See Drug Enforcement Administration Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), 141 De Havilland aircraft, 170 Delta Force, 175-76 democracies: George H. W. Bush’s promotion of democratic values, 150,167; Joulwan’s mission to strengthen democratic institutions in Latin America, 150,157-58, 161-62,163-65,167,174-76 Democratic National Committee, 79 Democratic National Convention (1968), 58
Index 245 deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe (DCSOPS, USAEUR), 135-40 DePuy, William: ability to talk to young people, 52; army revitalization and, 64,100-101, 165; commander of the First Infantry Division in Vietnam, 33; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; final disease and death of, 165-66; with the First Infantry Division in Vietnam, 28, 30; Joulwan and, 20-22,23,24-25,28, 30, 36-37, 100,165-66; Fred Mahaffey and, 114; strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 24, 34-35, 36-37; with the Third Infantry Division in Germany, 20-22,23,24-25,27 DePuy, William, Jr., 165 DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37 Desert Storm, 148-49,151 Devine, Jack, 172 dialogue: Joulwan’s interactions with the antiwar movement and, 51-52, 63-64 Di An, 28 director for combat support systems, 134-35 Distinguished Superior Service Medal, 240 Ditka, Mike, 16 Dole, Robert, 185 draft lottery, 52 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 169 drugs and alcohol: post-Vietnam army and, 94-95 drug trafficking: Joulwan and antidrug operations in Latin America, 167-78,183-84; Latin America and the problem of, 167-68; overview of operations in, 169-70 Druze, 5 E-8 aircraft, 226 Early Bird reports, 91 East Berlin, 18,19 East Germany, 18-19,23,143-47 East Penn League, 7-8 Ecuador, 173 Egypt, 100-101 Ehrlichman, John, 79, 80 Eighteenth Airborne Corps, 152 Eighty-Second Airborne Division, 122 Eikenberry, Karl, 75, 76 Eisenach, 147 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 18, 61, 89 elections: in Bosnia, 229-30 Eleventh Armored Cavalry Regiment, 145,146,147 El Salvador: Grenada and, 121; Joulwan
as head of US Southern Command during the civil war in, 149-50,151,155-65; problem of drug trafficking and, 167; regional antidrug operations and, 173 Endara, Guillermo, 153,154,155 Engle, Rip, 8 Escobar, Pablo, 175-76 executive war powers, 60-62 F-16 fighter aircraft, 199 fallout, 13 family-support services, 97-98, 112-13 Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN): El Salvadoran civil war and, 150,151,155,156,157, 161-64; murder of US soldiers, 158-59,160 Fifth Corps, 145-47,149,180 Financial Crimes Enforcement Center, 172 Finland, 186 fire and maneuver training, 96-97 Firebase Apollo, 67-68, 72 Firebase Bastogne, 71 Firebase Birmingham, 65-67, 68, 72 Firebase Charlie, 41,42,43 Firebase May Ann, 65 Firebase T-Bone, 70 Firebase Thrust, 41,42,43
246 First Armored Division, 214, 216, 223, 224-25, 226, 227 First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division: Joulwan as commander in Germany, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan’s actions and experiences in Vietnam, 30-34, 35-47; Joulwan’s visit to in Bosnia, 233 First Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, 67-70, 71 First Cavalry Division, 30 First Corps, 152 First Division (ARVN), 70-71 First Guard Tank Army (Soviet Union), 222 First Infantry Division: Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; William DePuy as commander in Vietnam, 28,30, 33, 40,43; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 34—35, 36-37; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry in Germany, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan assigned to in Vietnam, 28; Joulwan’s actions and experiences in Vietnam, 30-34, 35-47 five paragraph field order, 13-15 Fleming, David, 7 FMLN. See Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front football: Joulwan and, 7-10,15-16, 76; Pottsville Maroons, 6-7 Forbes (magazine), 175 Ford, Gerald, 87-88, 91 Fort Benning, 134 Fort Hood, 136 Fort Leavenworth, 62, 64 Fort McNair, 78, 80-81, 116 Fort Myer, 240 Fourth Infantry Division, 84 foxholes. See DePuy firing positions France: Beirut bombing of 1983 and, 127; Goma airport and, 193, 194; INDEX Heinz Guderian’s crossing of the Meuse River in 1940 and, 225-26; Nixon’s 1974 visit to, 85-86; Rwanda and, 191 Frankford Yellowjackets, 7 Franks, Fred, 149 Free University, 53-56 Frowick, Robert, 229-30 Fuertes Caminos (Strong Roads) program, 173 Fulda Gap, 20, 24,27, 111, 135,
140-45,146,222 Galvin, John, 142 Galvin, Tom, 39 Gaviria, César, 175 Gemayel, Amin, 126-27 Gemayel, Bashir, 126 General Defense Plan, 110, 111 General William E. DePuy (Gole), 134 genocide, in Rwanda, 189-92 Gergen, David, 82-83, 87 German Second Corps, 25-27 Germany: American reinforcement of West Berlin in 1961, 23-24; Berlin Wall, 18-19, 23; collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145-47; Joulwan and the value of relationships with allies, 27-28, 98-99,113; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, First Infantry Division in, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan as liaison officer to the German Second Corps, 25-27; Joulwan’s reflections on the clarity of the military mission in, 52-53; Joulwan with the Third Infantry Division, 18, 20-23; Partnership for Peace program and, 186 Gerry, Elbridge, 60 Goldstone, Richard, 231 Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act (1986), 133 Goma, 192-95 Gomez, Lionel, 162 Goodpaster, Andrew, 89-90, 91
Index 247 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 61-62 Henry, Patrick, 60 Heppenheim, 25 Hercules, Raul, 162-63 Herrera Hasan, Eduardo, 152-55 Ho Chi Minh Trail, 69 Hodges, Ben, 204,228 Hohenfels, 186 Holbrooke, Richard: cease-fire negotiations in the Balkan War, 207-9, 210, 211, 212-13; Dayton Accords and, 213-15,229 Hollingsworth, Jim, 40,43,45 Honduras, 171,173 How to Dig In and Why (pamphlet), 37 Huallaga Valley, 169,172 Hue, 70,71 Huey helicopters, 155,159 human rights: El Salvadoran civil war and, 156, 158-59,161,163,164 Hussein, Saddam, 148—49,151,179 Hutus: cholera epidemic in Goma and, 192-95; Rwandan genocide, 189-92 Habyarimana, Juvenal, 189 Haig, Alexander: as army vice chief of staff, 78-79; Battle of Ap Gu and, 41, 42, 43, 44-45; on the postVietnam army, 94; as SACEUR/ CINCEUR, 88, 89, 90-93; as special envoy to Vietnam with Joulwan as aide, 76-78; as White House chief of staff for Nixon, 79-80, 81-82, 83-85, 86, 87 Haig, Pat, 81 Hai Van Pass, 72 Haldeman, Robert, 79, 80, 86 Hall, Dale, 16 Hallet, Carol, 172 Hamilton, Mark, 156,157,158,162, 163 Hanoi, 77-78 Hansen, Helge, 27-28 Harlow, Bryce, 83 Hartzog, Bill, 152,154-55 Hay, John, 43 la Drang Valley, 30 IFOR. See Implementation Force Illinois National Guard, 58, 59 Ilopango Air Force Base, 155-56 Implementation Force (IFOR): creation and mission of, 212, 213; entry into the Balkans and implementation of the Dayton Accords, 223-28, 230,231-32; inclusion of Russian forces in, 216-23, 235, 238; Joulwan’s concerns about the reaction of Bosnian Serbs to, 214; military tasks of, 216; replacement by the Stabilization Force, 232
Inner Circles (Haig), 79, 94 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, 138 International Court of Justice, 231 Iran and Iranians, 120,228 Iran-Contra scandal, 150 Iraq, 148-49 Göppingen, 89, 92-93, 94-99 Goražde, 196-97,198,199, 206 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 129,133,138 Gore, Al, 204,205 Gorman, Paul: army revitalization and, 100,101; as assistant to Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman John Vessey, 119,120; experiences in Vietnam with the Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Division, 32, 34, 37, 38, 39, 41; 101st Airborne Division and, 65 Grachev, Pavel, 206,217,218,219, 220,222,234-35 Grafenwöhr, 186 Grange, Red, 7 Greece, 212 Green Jackets, 99 Grenada invasion, 120-24 Guatemala, 173,174 Guderian, Heinz, 225-26 guided antitank weapons, 96, 100-101
248 INDEX Iron Curtain: collapse of, 145-47 Israel, 100-101,125 Izetbegovic, Alija, 198,208-9,213, 111 Jaworski, Leon, 86 JCS. See Joint Chiefs of Staff Jefferson, Thomas, 60 Jeremiah, David, 153 Jesuit priests, 156,158,163 Jim Thorpe (PA), 5-6 John Paul II, 228-29 Johnson, Lyndon B., 23, 61,104 Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): crisis of Eduardo Herrera in Panama and, 152,153; Joulwan as executive officer to chairman John Vessey, 115,116-20,121-22,124, 126-28,129, 130-33; Joulwan’s antidrug operations in Latin America and, 171-72; modernization of the US military under Reagan and, 128-30, 131-33 Jones, Davy, 117 Joulwan, Chris, 57.240 Joulwan, George: as aide to Alexander Haig as SACEUR/CINCEUR, 89, 90-93; as aide to Alexander Haig’s 1972 special envoy mission to North Vietnam, 76-78; appointed SACEUR, 177-78 (see also Supreme Allied Commander Europe); Armor School and, 28, 48, 49; Army War College and, 102-9; as assistant to Alexander Haig as army vice chief of staff, 78-79; Balkan War and (see Balkan War); basketball and, 8; birth of children, 49-50, 78; career overview, 1-2; on challenges for the US in the current world situation, 238-39; children of, 57; at the Command and General Staff College, 62, 64-65; as commander in chief of US Southern Command (see US Southern Command); as commander of the Fifth Corps, 145—47,149; as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry Regiment, 89, 92-97, 98-101, 102; as commander of the Third Armored Division, 140-45; Moshe Dayan and, 37; as deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe, 135-40; as deputy
White House chief of staff for Nixon, 79-87; William DePuy and, 20-22,23, 24-25,28, 30, 36-37,100, 165-66; as director for combat support systems, 134-35; Distinguished Superior Service Medal, 240; examination of US forces in Beirut following the 1983 bombing, 126-28; family history and early life, 3-5, 6, 7-9; football and, 7-10, 15-16, 76; Gerald Ford and, 87-88; Pavel Grachev and, 217,218, 219,220,222, 234-35; Grenada invasion and, 121-22, 124; on the importance of a positive relationship with Russia, 235-36; on the importance of political awareness in military commanders, 184; interactions and dialogue with the antiwar movement, 47, 50-57,58-60, 63-64; as JCS chairman John Vessey’s executive officer, 115, 116-20,121-22,124,126-28, 129,130-33; Loyola University and, 47,48, 50-53,56-57, 58-62 (see also Loyola University); marriage of, 48—49; meeting with Pope John Paul II, 228-29; Military Liaison Commission and, 138—40; New NATO doctrine and, 237-38; Nixon’s resignation and, 87; promotions, 59, 90,106,130, 134,135; rapport with Bill Clinton, 205; reflections of the lack of clarity for the military mission in Vietnam, 53, 61-62;
Index response to the problems of the post-Vietnam army, 94-97; retirement of, 232-33,234, 240; studies and thesis in political science, 50-51, 53,55-56, 60-62; as a survivor’s assistance officer, 55; as a tactical officer at West Point, 74-76; Teacher of the Year Award, 56; Third Infantry Division and (see Third Infantry Division); on the value of coalitions and working with allies, 1-2,27-28, 98-99,113; values and, 16-17; Vietnam War and (see Vietnam War); West Point and, 9,11-17 Joulwan, Jennifer, 57, 240 Joulwan, Jessica, 57,240 Joulwan, Jimmy, 7-8 Joulwan, Karen: birth of children, 49-50, 78; children of, 57; in El Salvador, 155-56; family life at West Point, 74; family-support services and, 97-98,112-13; George’s decision to be deputy White House chief of staff and, 82; at George’s retirement, 240; life at Fort McNair, 78, 80-81; life in Göppingen, Germany, 93, 97-98; marriage to George, 48-49; at Nixon’s resignation, 87; in Panama, 151-52; travel with George to Vatican City, 228 Joulwan, Mantura, 3 Joulwan, Michael, 3-4, 82 JStar aircraft, 226-27 Kagame, Paul, 192 Karadzic, Radovan: Balkan War and, 189,210,212,213,214,216; cease-fire negotiations and, 210, 212, 213; Joulwan’s concerns about regarding the Dayton Accords, 214, 216; Joulwan’s strategy to apprehend as a war criminal, 231-32 Kennedy, John E, 18,23,28, 61 Kennedy, Robert, 57,105 249 Kent State shootings, 59 Khe Sanh, Battle of, 104 Khrushchev, Nikita, 18 Kidwell (Sergeant First Class), 225, 226 Kigali, 190 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 57 Kissinger, Henry, 57, 77, 84, 87, 88 Kitzingen, 109 Krajina, 199-200
Kroesen, Frederick, Jr., Ill Kuwait, 148-49,151 Laird, Melvin, 83 Lake, Tony, 182-83 Lake Kivu, 192,194 Lake Nyos, 194 Latimer Massacre, 6 Latin America: Joulwan’s development of a regional approach to antidrug operations, 167-78,183-84; Joulwan’s mission to strengthen democratic institutions in, 150,157-58,161-62,163-65, 167,174-76; problem of drug trafficking and, 167-68. See also US Southern Command Latone, Tony, 7 leadership: Joulwan on challenges for the US in the current world situation, 238-39; Joulwan on the importance of political awareness in military commanders, 184; Joulwan on the qualities of a good commander, 112; Joulwan’s experiences with 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam and, 67, 70 Lebanese Christian immigrants, 3—4 Lebanon: bombing of the US Marine barracks in Beirut, 121,122, 124-28; Joulwan’s family history and, 3, 4, 5; sectarian violence in, 5,125 Lemnitzer, Lyman, 90 León, Ramiro de, 174 Lincoln, Abraham, 60-61
250 listening: Joulwan’s interactions with the antiwar movement and, 51-52 Loach helicopters, 43 Lombardi, Vince, 16 London conference, 203,205-7 Long, Robert, 125 Lopez, Joe, 232 Loyola University: antiwar demonstrations and, 58-60; Joulwan as an instructor in the ROTC program, 56-57; Joulwan awarded the Teacher of the Year Award, 56; Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with antiwar movement, 50-57, 58-60, 63-64; Joulwan’s purpose in attending, 47, 48; Joulwan’s reflections on his experiences at, 63; Joulwan’s studies and thesis in political science, 50-51, 53, 55-56, 60-62 Luck, Gary, 109 Ludee, Father Renee, 44 Luzerne County, 6 Lynd, Staughton, 59 M-l battle tanks, 114,223 M-16 rifles, 159 MAD. See mutually assured destruction Madden, Jim, 33, 34, 37-38,100 Maddox, David, 105,109,149 Mahaffey, Fred, 113-14,115,116 Main River, 110 Major, John, 203,205 Mama Bears, 98 Marder fighting vehicle, 92 Marne, Second Battle of the, 20 Maronites, 4, 5 Marsh, John, 88 MARS system, 49 Mauch Chunk (PA), 5-6 Max (Airedale dog), 93 McAuliffe, Anthony, 71 McCain, John, 184,185 McCall, Dick, 162 McDonald, Wesley L., 121 Medellin Cartel, 175-76 INDEX media: Vietnam War and, 103-4 Meiningen Gap, 20, 24, 111 Memorial Day, 10 Meredith, James, 105 Meuse River, 225-26 Mexico, 172 Meyer, Edward (“Shy”), 117 Military Liaison Commission, 13 8—40 Milosevic, Slobodan: cease-fire negotiations and, 208-9, 210, 211, 212, 213; implementation of the Dayton Accords and, 216,223-24, 227; Joulwan’s request for replacement of the Russian liaison to, 234-35; military support to the Bosnian Serbs by,
200,223-24; negotiations of the Dayton Accords and, 214-15 Mimot Rubber Plantation, 47 Mississippi National Guard, 105 Mladic, Ratko: Balkan War and, 189, 201, 202-3, 206; cease-fire negotiations and, 210,212-13; Joulwan’s concerns about regarding the Dayton Accords, 214, 216; Joulwan’s strategy to apprehend as a war criminal, 231-32; Slobodan Milosevic and, 223 Moakley, Joe, 159,161 Moakley Commission, 159 mobile theater missile systems, 136-37 Mogadishu, 184-85 Molly Maguires, 5-6, 7 moral courage, 108 mortars: American defenses against in Vietnam, 36; Battle of Ap Gu and, 41—42; North Vietnamese infantry attacks and, 35 Mount Nyiragongo, 192,194-95 Movement to End the War, 58 Mt. Lebanon War, 5 Multinational Division North, 219 Murphy, Audié, 20 Muslims: Balkans and, 182. See also Bosnian Muslims
Index mutually assured destruction (MAD), 129 narcotrafficking. See drug trafficking Nash, Bill, 116, 214,216,219,224, 226 National Command Authority, 132 National Defense University, 220 National Football League, 6-7 National Guard, 58, 59,105,173 National Light Infantry, 10-11 National Security Council (NSC), 118, 119-20,172 National Security Directive 18,168, 171 Nativity Catholic High School, 7 NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Council, 189,199,200, 205, 207,210,211,233 NATO-Russia Founding Act (1997), 218, 235 Necho Allen hotel, 49 Netherlands, 202,203 Neu Ulm, 99 New York City, 103 New York Daily News, 192-93 New York Times, 16 Nicaragua, 121,150,151 Ninth Division (NVA), 41—47 “Nip the Nipple” plan, 111, 141 Nixon, Richard: Christmas Bombing of Hanoi, 77-78; executive war powers and the incursion into Cambodia, 60, 61; foreign affairs and, 85-86; Joulwan as deputy White House chief of staff, 79-87; resignation of, 87; Vietnamization policy and, 57; Watergate scandal, 79, 80, 81-85, 86-87 Noriega, Emmanuel, 148,149 Normandy (USS), 211 North Atlantic Council, 180,198, 211,212,231,232 North Atlantic Treaty, 237-38 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): air strikes in the Balkan 251 War in 1994,188-89,199-200; Article 5, 237, 238; Combined Joint Task Force, 185, 237; decision to allow NATO forces to protect safe havens in Bosnia, 206-7; Implementation Force in the Balkans (see Implementation Force); Joulwan and the New NATO doctrine, 237-38; Joulwan’s development of a response to the Balkan War in 1993-1994,181-89; key issues facing Joulwan as SACEUR,
179-81,236 (see also Supreme Allied Commander Europe); mutual-observer agreement with the Soviet Union, 142-45; Operation Deliberate Force in the Balkan War, 207, 208, 209-11, 212; OPLAN 10405 for deployment of ground forces in the Balkans, 211-12; Partnership for Peace program, 185-87,188, 217-18, 236-37,238 North Korea, 121 North Vietnamese Army (NVA): Battle of Ap Gu, 41-47; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting, 34-35, 36-37; Joulwan’s assessment of, 29; Joulwan’s deceptive actions against in the A Shau Valley, 69-70; spring offensive of 1972, 71-72; tactics in infantry attacks, 35-36; Tet Offensive and, 71,104 NSC. See National Security Council Ntaryamira, Cyprian, 189 nuclear weapons: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, 138; Strategic Defense Initiative and, 129-30 Nutting, Wally, 92-93 NVA. See North Vietnamese Army Oaks, David, 160 Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, 193-94, 230 Ogata, Sadako, 193-94,230
252 Ohio National Guard, 59 Omaha Beach, 205 101st Airborne Division, 65-73,149 “One Team, One Fight” motto, 28, 169,172,176,222 Operation Deliberate Force, 207,208, 209-11,212 Operation Deny Flight, 199-200,221 Operation Joint Endeavor, 212 Operation Just Cause, 148,149,154 Operations Field Manual (FM 100-5), 109 OPLAN 10405,211-12 Option C program, 48, 56 Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, 229-30 Ortega, Daniel, 150 Orwigsburg (PA), 10,48,49 Otis, Glenn, 139 Ottoman Empire, 5 Owen, Lord, 207 P-З surveillance aircraft, 170,172 Pale, 201, 209 Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 125 Panama: Joulwan and regional antidrug operations, 171; Joulwan and the Eduardo Herrera crisis, 151-55; Operation Just Cause, 148,149, 154; problem of drug trafficking and, 167; US aircraft sent to El Salvador, 159-60 Panama City, 149, 151-55 Panama National Police, 152,153 Panetta, Leon, 204 Paris, 85-86 Paris Peace Talks, 77 Partnership for Peace (PfP) program, 185-87,188,217-18,236-37,238 Paterno, Joe, 8 “peace time” engagement strategy, 150 Peay, Binnie, 109,191 Pennsylvania First Defenders, 10-11 Perry, William: with the entry of NATO forces into Bosnia, 226; INDEX integration of Russian forces into NATO and, 218, 220; negotiation of the Dayton Accords and, 214; observation of the Partnership for Peace training, 186-87; US response to the Balkan War and, 187-88, 204, 205; US response to the Goma cholera epidemic and, 193,195 Persian Gulf War, 148-49,151 Peru: drug trafficking and antidrug operations, 169,170,171,172; Ecuador and, 173 PfP program. See Partnership for
Peace program Phu Bai, 72 Phu Loi Battalion (Vietcong), 37-40 Pickering, Thomas, 235 Pickett, David, 159,160 PLO. See Palestine Liberation Organization Poland, 187,228 political science: Joulwan’s studies and thesis in, 50-51, 53, 55-56, 60-62 Ponce, Emilio, 156,157,160,163-65 Posse Comitatus Act, 168 Potočari, 202 Potsdam, 139 Pottsville (PA): football and, 6-7; Joulwan’s family history and, 3-4; Joulwan’s marriage to Karen, 48—49; military heritage of, 10-11; Molly Maguires and, 5-6, 7 Pottsville High School, 7 Pottsville Maroons, 6-7 Powell, Colin, 119-20,125,149,158, 176 Prejidor, 233, 234 Presidential Directive 14,177 Primakov, Yevgeny, 220-21 Quang Tri, 71, 72 Quarry Heights, 151 Quemoy and Matsu crisis, 61 Ramirez (Command Sergeant Major), 110,112
Index 253 Rapid Deployment Battalions, 163 Rawson, David, 190-91 Reagan, Ronald: appointment of John Vessey as chairman of the JCS, 115,117; deployment of US forces to Lebanon and, 125; diplomatic thaw with the Soviet Union, 138; Grenada invasion and, 121,122, 124; Iran-Contra scandal and, 150; modernization of the US military and, 128-30,131-33, 223; National Security Council meetings and, 120; Strategic Defense Initiative and, 129-30 Red Ball express route, 136 Red Beach, 72 REFORGER (Return of Forces to Germany) exercise, 99-100, 111-12,137-38,142-43 refugees: Bosnia and, 230-31 Reimer, Dennis, 240 Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), 9,48,49, 56-57, 59 Return of Forces to Germany exercise. See REFORGER exercise reverse-slope defense, 113 Revolutionary War, 10, 99 Richardson, Elliot, 81 Ridgway, Matthew, 85 riots of 1968, 57-59 Robinson, George, 233 Rock of the Marne Division. See Third Infantry Division Rogers, Bernie, 45,46 Roosevelt, Theodore, 102 Root, Elihu, 102 Rose, Michael, 197-98,207,210 ROTC. See Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Rotterdam, 136,137 Ruckelshaus, William, 81 Rumsfeld, Donald, 88 Russia: inclusion in NATO’s Implementation Force in the Balkans, 216-23,235,238; issues concerning Joulwan as SACEUR, 181; Joulwan on US failure to approach at the of the Cold War, 235; Joulwan’s New NATO doctrine and, 237,238; Joulwan’s views on the importance of creating a positive relationship with, 235-36 Rwanda: 1994 genocide, 189-92; cholera epidemic in Goma and, 192-95 Ryan, Mike, 200, 207 SA-14 surface-to-air missiles, 151 SACEUR. See Supreme Allied Commander
Europe safe havens: Balkan War and, 196-203,206,207 SAMs. See surface-to-air missiles Sandinistas, 150 Sands, Tom, 15 San Francisco Fire Department, 195, 196 Santa Marta, 162 Sarajevo, 187-88,198-99,201,206, 207,229 Sarajevo Cathedral, 229 Saturday Night Massacre, 81 Saudi Arabia, 149,151 Sava River, 224-25 Schroeder, Dan, 194 Schützenpanzer; 99 Schuylkill County, 5 Schwarzkopf, Norman, 123,149 Schweinfurt, 20 Schweizer aircraft, 170 Scoon, Paul, 121,122,123,124 Scowcroft, Brent, 158 SDI. See Strategic Defense Initiative SDS. See Students for a Democratic Society sealift ships, 136 SEAL Team Six, 122-23,124 Search Bloc, 175,176 Second Battalion, 237th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, 65-67, 68 Second Battalion, 327th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, 72
254 INDEX Second Battle of the Marne, 20 Second Brigade, Third Infantry Division, 109-13 Second Brigade Combat Team, First Armored Division, 224 Second Marine Division, 152 Second Regiment, First Infantry Division, 37 Sedan, Battle of, 225 Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 229 Serbs, 182. See also Bosnian Serbs; Milosevic, Slobodan Sergeant Majors Academy, 108 Serrano, Jorge, 174 Seventh Army, 25-27 Seventh Corps, 142,143,145,149 Seventieth Guards Regiment (NVA), 41-47 SFOR. See Stabilization Force Shalikashvili, John: classmate of Joulwan’s at the Army War College, 109; Joulwan’s appointment to SACEUR and, 177-78; Joulwan’s request to Clinton for troops in Europe and, 182-83; at Joulwan’s retirement from SACEUR, 234, 240; US response to the Balkan War and, 185,203-4,205,226-27; US response to the Goma cholera epidemic and, 192 SHAPE. See Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe Shevtsov, Leontiy, 220, 221-23 shock training, 96 shoot and scoot missile system, 136-37 Shultz, George, 83,120,121,139 SIMNET. See simulated battle trainer Simon, Bill, 83 simulated battle trainer (SIMNET), 141 Sixteenth Infantry Division, 46 Sixth Regiment (NVA), 69-70 Smith, Leighton, 200, 207, 212, 228, 232 Smith, Rupert, 207 Soccer War, 173 Solana, Javier, 220,231,232 Somalia, 184-85 SOUTHCOM. See US Southern Command Soviet Union: collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145-47; diplomatic thaw with the US under Reagan, 138-40; Grenada and, 121; Military Liaison Commission and, 138-40; modernization of the US military under Reagan and, 128-30, 223; mutual-observer agreement with NATO forces, 142-45
Special Air Services (Great Britain), 233,234 Special Forces Command, 171,175 Spetznaz, 222 Srebrenica massacre, 201-3, 206 SS-21 mobile theater missile system, 136-37 Stabilization Force (SFOR), 232 Stalin, Joseph, 18 Starry, Donn, 101 Stars and Stripes, 90 Star Wars defense system. See Strategic Defense Initiative St. Clair, Jim, 86-87 Steel, Jim, 152-53 St. George’s University Medical School, 121,123 Stinger missiles, 151 St. Patrick’s Roman Catholic Church, 4, 49 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 129-30, 223 Strong Roads program, 173 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 56, 57, 58 Study on Military Professionalism, 64, 107-9 Sullivan, Gordon, 109,145—46,147 Support Justice plan, 170-76 Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR): Alexander Haig as, 88,
Index 89, 90-93; initial issues facing Joulwan and Europe, 179-81, 236; Joulwan and the Balkan War (see Balkan War); Joulwan and the Partnership for Peace program, 185-87, 188, 217-18, 237, 238; Joulwan and the Rwandan genocide, 189-92; Joulwan’s appointment to, 177-78; Joulwan’s retirement, 232-33, 234,240 Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), 91, 92,186 surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), 200 survivor’s assistance officer, 55 Sweden, 186 Swiss Guard, 228 Switzerland, 186 T-72 tanks, 144-45 tactical officers, 74-76 Task Force Eagle, 216, 219,224,226, 227 Tay Ninh Province, 41 Tet Offensive, 70, 71,104 Third Armored Division, 140-45,149 Third Infantry Division (Rock of the Marne Division): William DePuy and, 20-23, 24; Joulwan as chief of staff, 113-15; Joulwan as commander of the Second Brigade, 109-13; Joulwan as liaison officer to the German Second Corps, 25-27; Joulwan’s as a platoon commander, 20-22; Joulwan’s assignment to, 18; Joulwan’s relationship with allies and, 27, 99,113; Sam Walker and, 74 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, 72 Thüringer Wald salient, 140,141 Thuringian hills, 20 Thurman, Max, 132,134-35, 148, 149,158,168 Timmons, Bill, 84 Title 10,132 Tito, 182 255 To End a War (Holbrooke), 208,215 Tomahawk missiles, 211 Tonkin Gulf, 61 Toula, 3 TOW antitank missiles, 96 Trabant cars, 146 Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), 24,100-101 Trophy Point, 13-15 Truman, Harry, 61 Truth Commission (El Salvador), 164-65 tube-launched, optically tracked, wire-guided (TOW) antitank missiles, 96 Tudjman, Franjo, 208-9, 213, 227 Turks, 5 Tutsis,
189-90 Tuzla, 200-201 Twelfth Air Force, 170 Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division (Blue Spaders): Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan assigned to in Vietnam, 28; Joulwan’s actions and experiences with the First Battalion in Vietnam, 30-34, 35—47 271st Regiment, Ninth Division (NVA), 41-47 237th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, 65-67, 68 Uganda, 191,192 Ukrainians, 140 United Mine Workers, 6 United Nations: creation of the Sarajevo exclusion zone, 188; El Salvador and, 163,164; failed peacekeeping efforts in the Balkan War, 196-203; Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, 193-94, 230; Rwandan genocide and, 189-90 United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR): Bosnian Serb
256 INDEX bombing of safe havens and, 188, US Army Rangers, 122,123,184-85 196,197-98,199,201-3,206; US Central Command, 190-91 failure of the peacekeeping mission US Coast Guard, 169 in Bosnia, 179-80,189; Sarajevo US Customs Department, 169,170, exclusion zone and, 210; Rupert 172 Smith’s replacement of Michael US Department of Defense, 168 Rose as commander of, 207; US Joint Special Forces Command, Srebrenica massacre and, 201-3 171,175 United Nations Security Council, 151, US Marines: bombing of the barracks 196,197,211 in Beirut, 121,122,124-28; United Nations Security Council Second Marine Division, 152 Resolution 824,196,197 US Naval Academy, 9 University of Mississippi, Oxford, US Southern Command 105-6 (SOUTHCOM): Joulwan and UNPROFOR. See United Nations the development of regional Protection Force antidrug operations, 167-78, Upper Huallaga Valley, 169,172 183-84 (see also antidrug urine tests, 68 operations); Joulwan and the USAEUR. See US Army in Europe Eduardo Herrera crisis in Panama, US Army: Delta Force, 175-76; 151-55; Joulwan and the El William DePuy and army Salvadoran civil war, 149-50, revitalization, 64,100-101,165; 151,155-65; Joulwan appointed Alexander Haig as vice chief of commander in chief, 148-49; staff, 78-79; Karen Joulwan and Joulwan’s mission to strengthen family-support services, 97-98, democratic institutions in Latin 112-13; Joulwan as director for America, 150,157-58,161-62, combat support systems, 134-35; 163-65,167,174-76 Joulwan’s response to the US Special Forces, 161,171,175, problems of the post-Vietnam 233 army, 94-97; legacy of
the Ustashe, 182 Vietnam War examined at the US Treasury Department, 172 Army War College, 103-4; Uwilingiyimana, Agathe, 189,190 modernization and reorganization under Reagan, 128-30,131-33, values: Joulwan and, 16-17 223; Vietnam War and (See Vance, Cyrus, 207 Vietnam War) Vatican City, 228 US Army in Europe (USAEUR): Venezuela, 174 Joulwan as commander of the Vessey, John: career overview, 117; Fifth Corps, 145-47,149; Joulwan deployment of US forces to as commander of the Third Lebanon and, 125; examination of Armored Division, 140-45; US forces in Beirut following the Joulwan as deputy chief of staff Marine barracks bombing, for operations and plans, 135—40; 126-28; Grenada invasion and, key initial issues facing Joulwan as 122,124; as JCS chairman with CINCEUR, 179,180; Frederick Joulwan as executive officer, 115, Kroesen Jr. and, 111; Military 116-20,121-22,124,126-28, Liaison Commission and, 138-40 129,130-33; at Joulwan’s
Index 257 retirement, 240; US military modernization under Reagan and, 128,129,131-33,223 Vietcong: Battle of Ap Gu, 41-47; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting, 34-35, 36-37; First Infantry Division’s battle with the Phu Loi Battalion, 37-40; Joulwan’s assessment of, 29; Tet Offensive and, 71,104 Vietnamization policy, 57, 71 Vietnam War: antiwar movement and (see antiwar movement); Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; birth of Joulwan’s first child during, 49-50; Christmas Bombing of Hanoi, 77-78; conclusion of and impact on US military, 93-94; William DePuy as commander of the First Infantry Division, 28, 30, 33,40, 43; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 24,28, 34-35, 36-37; Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 61-62; Joulwan as aide to Alexander Haig’s 1972 special envoy mission, 76-78; Joulwan assigned to the First Infantry Division, 28; Joulwan on the departure of American forces from, 72-73; Joulwan’s actions and experiences with the First Infantry Division, 30-34, 35-47; Joulwan’s assessment of the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 29; Joulwan’s assessment of the war’s progress in 1966, 29-30; Joulwan’s experiences with the 101st Airborne Division in retrograde, 65-73; Joulwan’s reflections on the lack of mission clarity in, 53, 61-62; legacy for the US Army examined at the Army War College, 103-4; the media and, 103-4; Nixon and the incursion into Cambodia, 60, 61; North Vietnamese spring offensive of 1972, 71-72; North Vietnamese tactics in infantry attacks, 35-36; Tet Offensive, 70, 71,104; urine tests and, 68; US
Army revitalization and, 64-65; Vietnamization policy, 57, 71 Villafranca airbase, 202,221 Vincent, Dick, 188,212 volcanoes, 192,194-95 Walker, Sam, 74 Walker, William, 162,163 Waller, I. Cal, 105-6,109 war criminals, 231-32, 233-34 wargame simulations, 141—42 war powers, 60-62 Warren, Christopher, 182-83 Warrior Prep Center, 137 Warsaw Pact forces, 142-45 Warthog ground-support aircraft, 97 War Zone C, 41 Washington, George, 60 Washington Artillerists, 10-11 Watergate scandal, 79, 80, 81-85, 86-87 water purification, 193-95 Watkins, James, 121-22, 129 Weinberger, Caspar, 118,119-20, 122,125,132 Werra River, 111 West Berlin, 18,19, 23-24 West Germany, 145-47. See also Germany Westmoreland, William, 107 West Point: birth of Joulwan’s third child at, 78; Joulwan as a cadet at, 9,11-17; Joulwan as a tactical officer at, 74-76 Whiskey Rebellion, 60 Wilder, Sam, 38 Wildflecken, 110 Woerner, Manfred, 181, 184,185, 188,196-97, 205-6,217-18 Women’s Strike for Peace, 58 World War I: Third Infantry Division and, 20
258 INDEX World War II: Battle of Bastogne, 71; William DePuy and, 22; Heinz Guderian’s crossing of the Meuse River, 225-26; Joulwan’s childhood in Pottsville during, 10; Henry Kissinger’s military service during, 84; Third Infantry Division and, 20; John Vessey and, 117 Wright Patterson Air Force Base, 213-15 Yeltsin, Boris, 181,217, 218 Yippies, 58 Yom Kippur War, 100-101 Youth International Party, 58 Yuengling Brewery, 4, 49 Yugoslavia, 179-80,182. See also Balkan War Zaire (Congo), 192-95 Zeigler, Ron, 79 Žepa, 206 „ Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München
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Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 1. Learning Values 3 2. Germany: The Wall 18 3. Vietnam 29 4. In Antiwar Chicago 48 5. An Army in Retreat 63 6. In the Watergate White House 7. The Post-Vietnam Army 74 89 8. Brigade Commander 102 9. The Chairman’s XO 116 10. The Wall Comes Down 134 11. SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador 148 12. SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade 167 13. Bosnia 1: Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide 179 14. Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords 15. Bosnia 3: The NATO Army 216 Epilogue 240 Index 241 Illustrations follow page 124 196
Index A-10 Warthog ground-support aircraft, 97 A-37 ground-support aircraft, 155, 159-60 Abizaid, John, 75, 76,123 Abrams, John, 145,146,147 Abrams M-l battle tanks, 114, 223 AC-47 gunship aircraft, 155 Agnew, Spiro, 81 AirLand Battle doctrine, 24,101,109, 114 Albright, Madeline, 204 Allied Rapid Reaction Corps, 221-22 allies: Joulwan and inclusion of Russian forces in NATO’s Balkan Implementation Force, 216-23, 235, 238; Joulwan on the value of working with, 1-2, 27-28,113; Joulwan’s forging of relationships as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, 98-99; Joulwan’s regional approach to antidrug operations in Latin America and, 167-78, 183-84; Joulwan’s response to the Balkan War as SACEUR and, 183-84,185-87; Partnership for Peace program and, 185-87, 217-18,236-37,238 American Military Group (in El Salvador), 156,158,162 America’s First Battles, 138 Annan, Kofi, 203 anthracite coal mining, 3, 5 Anthracite League, 6 antiaircraft defenses, Serbian, 211 antidrug operations: George H. W. Bush and National Security Directive 18,168,171; Joulwan as head of SOUTHCOM and development of regional approach to, 167-78,183-84; Presidential Directive 14 and, 177 antitank weapons, 96, 100-101 antiwar movement: Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with, 47, 50-57,58-60, 63-64; riots of 1968, 57-59 Apache helicopters, 149 Ap Gu, Battle of, 40-47 Armor School, 28,48,49 Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), 70-72, 73 Army of the Rhine (Great Britain), 137 Army War College: Joulwan as an instructor at, 106-9; Joulwan as a student at, 102-6; Joulwan’s classmates at, 109
Aronson, Bernie, 158 Arter, Bob, 65, 67, 68-69 ARVN. See Army of the Republic of Vietnam A Shau Valley, 69-70, 71, 72 Aspen Institute, 150 Aspin, Les, 182-83,187 Atlantic Command, 121 atrocities: Balkan War and, 187-88, 196-203,206, 207; El Salvadoran civil war and, 156, 158-59, 163; Rwandan genocide, 189-92 Augsburg, 110 Austria, 186 autogolpe, 174 B-52 bombers, 45 Balanzino, Sergio, 197,198 Balkan War: 1994 shelling of the 241
242 Sarajevo main marketplace, 187-88; cease fire in 1994, 200; Dayton Accords, 213-15,216, 223-28,229-32 (see also Dayton Accords); decision to allow NATO forces to protect safe havens, 206-7; failed UN strategy and Bosnian Serb bombing of safe havens, 196-203, 206, 207; history of ethnic and ideological violence in the Balkans, 182; Richard Holbrooke and cease-fire negotiations, 207-9, 210,211, 212-13; Joulwan and development of the Partnership for Peace program, 185-87, 188,217-18, 238; Joulwan’s conference with Clinton to gain approval for the involvement of US troops, 203-5; Joulwan’s development of a NATO response to in 1993-1994, 181-89; Joulwan’s meeting with Pope John Paul II and, 228-29; London conference, 203, 205-7; NATO air strikes in 1994, 188-89,199-200; NATO and Operation Deliberate Force, 207,208, 209-11, 212; NATO’s Implementation Force, 212, 213,214,216-23 (see also Implementation Force); NATO’s OPLAN 10405 for deployment of ground forces, 211-12; situation facing Joulwan upon appointment to SACEUR, 179-80; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3, 206; Stabilization Force and, 232; war criminals and, 231-32, 233-34 Baptiste, John, 224 Barbary pirates, 60 Barnet, Ross, 105 basketball, 8 Bastogne, Battle of, 71 Beast Barracks, 11-13 Beatrix, Queen of Holland, 181 Beirut bombing, 121,122,124-28 INDEX Belgium: Rwandan genocide and, 189-90 Belgrade, 223,224 Bellino, Joe, 16 Berger, Sandy, 204 Berlin, 18-19, 23-24,145 Berlin Airlift, 18 Berlin Wall, 18-19,23,145 Berry, Sid, 38 Biddle, Nicholas, 11 Bihać, 199,200 Bildt, Carl, 213,214,229 Bishop, Maurice, 120 “Blackhawk down”
battle, 184-85 Black Panthers, 56, 57 Blaik, Red, 9,15-16 Blanchard, Doc, 9,16 Blue Book, 15, 75-76 Blue Spaders. See Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division Bolivia, 169,170,171 Bosnia: 1994 shelling of the Sarajevo main marketplace, 187-88; Dayton Accords and reconstruction of civil life in, 229-31; Joulwan’s visit to the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, 233; Serb bombing of safe havens and the failed UN strategy in, 196-203, 206, 207; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3. See also Balkan War Bosnian Muslims (Bosniaks): implementation of the Dayton Accords and, 227-28; Serb’s bombing of safe havens and, 196-203, 206,207; Serb’s siege of Sarajevo and, 187-88; Srebrenica massacre, 201-3. See also Balkan War Bosnian Serbs: bombing of safe havens in Bosnia, 196-203, 206, 207; military support from Serbia and Slobodan Milosevic, 200, 223-24; Ratko Mladic as military leader, 206; NATO air strikes against in 1994,188-89,199-200;
Index 243 NATO’s Operation Deliberate Force and, 207,208,209-11, 212; shelling of Sarajevo by, 187-88. See also Balkan War bounding and overwatch, 32 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 188 Boykin, William, 175-76 Bradley Fighting Vehicles, 114, 223 Brady, Mike, 11 Bratton, Joe, 91 Breaker Boys, The (Fleming), 7 Brokaw, Tom, 86 Bronze Star, 55 Brown, Rick, 76-77 Bujumbura, 191 Burundi, 190-91 Bush, George H. W.: Desert Storm and, 148-49,151; National Security Directive 18 and antidrug operations, 168,171; “peace time” engagement strategy and promotion of democratic values, 150,167; Presidential Directive 14,177 Butterfield, Alexander, 81 C-5 airlift aircraft, 194 C-17 transport aircraft, 226 C-130 gunship aircraft, 123,191 Cali Cartel, 176 Cambodia, 41, 60,61 Cameroon, 194 Camp Eagle, 65, 72 Canton Bulldogs, 6 Carrington, Lord, 207 Carter, Jimmy, 117,200,207 Cash, Dean, 186-87 Castro, Fidel, 121 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 169,170,172 Chapare region, 169 Chapultepec Peace Accords, 163 Charles, Prince, 220 Chavez, Hugo, 174 Cheney, Dick, 88,148,149,151, 153, 158 Chernenko, Viktor, 133 Chicago: Joulwan and the Free University, 53-56; Joulwan as a survivor’s assistance officer, 55; Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with antiwar movement, 50-57, 58-60, 63-64; Joulwan’s reflections on his experiences in, 63; riots of 1968, 57-59. See also Loyola University Chicago Cardinals, 6 China Beach, 72 cholera epidemic, 192-95 Christians: in the Balkans, 182 Christmas Bombing, 77-78 Christopher, Warren, 186, 204 CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency CINCEUR. See Commander in Chief, Europe
CINCs. See commanders in chief Civil War, 10-11,60-61 Claes, Willie, 205-6 clarity of mission: Joulwan’s reflections on the importance of, 52-53, 61-62,108; lack of in the Vietnam War, 53, 61-62; moral courage and, 108 Clark, Wesley, 234 Clarke, Dick, 172 Clay, Lucius, 23 Clinton, Bill: Balkan War and, 203-5, 213; Joulwan’s appointment to SACEUR and, 177-78,179; Joulwan’s apprehension of Balkan war criminals and, 233; Partnership for Peace program and, 186, 236-37; Presidential Directive 14 and antidrug operations in Latin America, 177; rapport with Joulwan, 205; response to Joulwan’s request for troops in Europe, 182-83,236; response to the cholera epidemic in Zaire, 192; Rwandan genocide and, 192 Clinton, George, 60 cloverleaf reconnaissance, 32 CNN, 203
244 INDEX Coaldale (PA), 7 coalitions: Joulwan on the value of, 27-28. See also allies Coard, Bernard, 121 Cobra attack helicopters, 43,123 Coburg, 110, 111 cocaine, 167-68,169-70,172-73 coffin notices, 7 Cohen, William, 233,240 Cold War: Berlin Wall crisis, 18-19, 23-24; collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145—47; William DePuy’s strategy for American forces in Germany, 23, 24; Joulwan’s assessment of US failures at the end of, 235; Joulwan’s decision to enter West Point and, 11; Joulwan with the Third Infantry Division in Germany, 18, 20-22; NATORussia Founding Act and, 218, 235. See also Soviet Union Colombia, 169-70,171,175-76 Combined Air Operations, 207 Combined Joint Task Force, 185, 237 Command and General Staff College, 62, 64—65 Commander in Chief, Europe (CINCEUR): Alexander Haig as, 89, 90-93; Joulwan as, 179,180, 182-83, 185. See also Supreme Allied Commander Europe commanders: Joulwan on the qualities of, 112 commanders in chief (CINCs), 118, 132 Committee to Re-elect the President, 79 Congo, 192-95 Congress: El Salvadoran civil war crisis and, 150, 156,157, 158, 159,160,161; Joulwan’s antidrug operations in Latin America and, 174; in Joulwan’s study of executive war powers, 60, 61 Continental Army, 10 Cook, Robin, 233 Corps of Cadets, 12 Covington, Steve, 222 Cox, Archibald, 80, 81 Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 165-66 Cristiani, Alfredo, 156,157,160,161, 164 Croatia, 182,199-200 Crouch, Bill, 232 Crowe, William, 133 Cuba: Grenada and, 121,122,124 Cuban Missile Crisis, 28, 61 Cundiff, Brian, 44-45 Current Affairs Panel, 104-6 Cutileiro, José, 207 Daher, Mantura, 3. See
also Joulwan, Mantura Daley, Judith, 136-37 Dallaire, Romeo, 190 DARPA. See Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Davis, Ernie, 16 Davis, Glenn, 9,16 Dawson, Earnest, 159,160 Dayan, Moshe, 37 Day of the Rope, 5-6 Dayton Accords: implementation goals, 216; implementation of, 223-28, 229-32; negotiation of, 213-15 DCSOPS, USAEUR. See deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe DEA. See Drug Enforcement Administration Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), 141 De Havilland aircraft, 170 Delta Force, 175-76 democracies: George H. W. Bush’s promotion of democratic values, 150,167; Joulwan’s mission to strengthen democratic institutions in Latin America, 150,157-58, 161-62,163-65,167,174-76 Democratic National Committee, 79 Democratic National Convention (1968), 58
Index 245 deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe (DCSOPS, USAEUR), 135-40 DePuy, William: ability to talk to young people, 52; army revitalization and, 64,100-101, 165; commander of the First Infantry Division in Vietnam, 33; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; final disease and death of, 165-66; with the First Infantry Division in Vietnam, 28, 30; Joulwan and, 20-22,23,24-25,28, 30, 36-37, 100,165-66; Fred Mahaffey and, 114; strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 24, 34-35, 36-37; with the Third Infantry Division in Germany, 20-22,23,24-25,27 DePuy, William, Jr., 165 DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37 Desert Storm, 148-49,151 Devine, Jack, 172 dialogue: Joulwan’s interactions with the antiwar movement and, 51-52, 63-64 Di An, 28 director for combat support systems, 134-35 Distinguished Superior Service Medal, 240 Ditka, Mike, 16 Dole, Robert, 185 draft lottery, 52 Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), 169 drugs and alcohol: post-Vietnam army and, 94-95 drug trafficking: Joulwan and antidrug operations in Latin America, 167-78,183-84; Latin America and the problem of, 167-68; overview of operations in, 169-70 Druze, 5 E-8 aircraft, 226 Early Bird reports, 91 East Berlin, 18,19 East Germany, 18-19,23,143-47 East Penn League, 7-8 Ecuador, 173 Egypt, 100-101 Ehrlichman, John, 79, 80 Eighteenth Airborne Corps, 152 Eighty-Second Airborne Division, 122 Eikenberry, Karl, 75, 76 Eisenach, 147 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 18, 61, 89 elections: in Bosnia, 229-30 Eleventh Armored Cavalry Regiment, 145,146,147 El Salvador: Grenada and, 121; Joulwan
as head of US Southern Command during the civil war in, 149-50,151,155-65; problem of drug trafficking and, 167; regional antidrug operations and, 173 Endara, Guillermo, 153,154,155 Engle, Rip, 8 Escobar, Pablo, 175-76 executive war powers, 60-62 F-16 fighter aircraft, 199 fallout, 13 family-support services, 97-98, 112-13 Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN): El Salvadoran civil war and, 150,151,155,156,157, 161-64; murder of US soldiers, 158-59,160 Fifth Corps, 145-47,149,180 Financial Crimes Enforcement Center, 172 Finland, 186 fire and maneuver training, 96-97 Firebase Apollo, 67-68, 72 Firebase Bastogne, 71 Firebase Birmingham, 65-67, 68, 72 Firebase Charlie, 41,42,43 Firebase May Ann, 65 Firebase T-Bone, 70 Firebase Thrust, 41,42,43
246 First Armored Division, 214, 216, 223, 224-25, 226, 227 First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division: Joulwan as commander in Germany, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan’s actions and experiences in Vietnam, 30-34, 35-47; Joulwan’s visit to in Bosnia, 233 First Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, 67-70, 71 First Cavalry Division, 30 First Corps, 152 First Division (ARVN), 70-71 First Guard Tank Army (Soviet Union), 222 First Infantry Division: Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; William DePuy as commander in Vietnam, 28,30, 33, 40,43; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 34—35, 36-37; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry in Germany, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan assigned to in Vietnam, 28; Joulwan’s actions and experiences in Vietnam, 30-34, 35-47 five paragraph field order, 13-15 Fleming, David, 7 FMLN. See Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front football: Joulwan and, 7-10,15-16, 76; Pottsville Maroons, 6-7 Forbes (magazine), 175 Ford, Gerald, 87-88, 91 Fort Benning, 134 Fort Hood, 136 Fort Leavenworth, 62, 64 Fort McNair, 78, 80-81, 116 Fort Myer, 240 Fourth Infantry Division, 84 foxholes. See DePuy firing positions France: Beirut bombing of 1983 and, 127; Goma airport and, 193, 194; INDEX Heinz Guderian’s crossing of the Meuse River in 1940 and, 225-26; Nixon’s 1974 visit to, 85-86; Rwanda and, 191 Frankford Yellowjackets, 7 Franks, Fred, 149 Free University, 53-56 Frowick, Robert, 229-30 Fuertes Caminos (Strong Roads) program, 173 Fulda Gap, 20, 24,27, 111, 135,
140-45,146,222 Galvin, John, 142 Galvin, Tom, 39 Gaviria, César, 175 Gemayel, Amin, 126-27 Gemayel, Bashir, 126 General Defense Plan, 110, 111 General William E. DePuy (Gole), 134 genocide, in Rwanda, 189-92 Gergen, David, 82-83, 87 German Second Corps, 25-27 Germany: American reinforcement of West Berlin in 1961, 23-24; Berlin Wall, 18-19, 23; collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145-47; Joulwan and the value of relationships with allies, 27-28, 98-99,113; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry, First Infantry Division in, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan as liaison officer to the German Second Corps, 25-27; Joulwan’s reflections on the clarity of the military mission in, 52-53; Joulwan with the Third Infantry Division, 18, 20-23; Partnership for Peace program and, 186 Gerry, Elbridge, 60 Goldstone, Richard, 231 Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act (1986), 133 Goma, 192-95 Gomez, Lionel, 162 Goodpaster, Andrew, 89-90, 91
Index 247 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 61-62 Henry, Patrick, 60 Heppenheim, 25 Hercules, Raul, 162-63 Herrera Hasan, Eduardo, 152-55 Ho Chi Minh Trail, 69 Hodges, Ben, 204,228 Hohenfels, 186 Holbrooke, Richard: cease-fire negotiations in the Balkan War, 207-9, 210, 211, 212-13; Dayton Accords and, 213-15,229 Hollingsworth, Jim, 40,43,45 Honduras, 171,173 How to Dig In and Why (pamphlet), 37 Huallaga Valley, 169,172 Hue, 70,71 Huey helicopters, 155,159 human rights: El Salvadoran civil war and, 156, 158-59,161,163,164 Hussein, Saddam, 148—49,151,179 Hutus: cholera epidemic in Goma and, 192-95; Rwandan genocide, 189-92 Habyarimana, Juvenal, 189 Haig, Alexander: as army vice chief of staff, 78-79; Battle of Ap Gu and, 41, 42, 43, 44-45; on the postVietnam army, 94; as SACEUR/ CINCEUR, 88, 89, 90-93; as special envoy to Vietnam with Joulwan as aide, 76-78; as White House chief of staff for Nixon, 79-80, 81-82, 83-85, 86, 87 Haig, Pat, 81 Hai Van Pass, 72 Haldeman, Robert, 79, 80, 86 Hall, Dale, 16 Hallet, Carol, 172 Hamilton, Mark, 156,157,158,162, 163 Hanoi, 77-78 Hansen, Helge, 27-28 Harlow, Bryce, 83 Hartzog, Bill, 152,154-55 Hay, John, 43 la Drang Valley, 30 IFOR. See Implementation Force Illinois National Guard, 58, 59 Ilopango Air Force Base, 155-56 Implementation Force (IFOR): creation and mission of, 212, 213; entry into the Balkans and implementation of the Dayton Accords, 223-28, 230,231-32; inclusion of Russian forces in, 216-23, 235, 238; Joulwan’s concerns about the reaction of Bosnian Serbs to, 214; military tasks of, 216; replacement by the Stabilization Force, 232
Inner Circles (Haig), 79, 94 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, 138 International Court of Justice, 231 Iran and Iranians, 120,228 Iran-Contra scandal, 150 Iraq, 148-49 Göppingen, 89, 92-93, 94-99 Goražde, 196-97,198,199, 206 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 129,133,138 Gore, Al, 204,205 Gorman, Paul: army revitalization and, 100,101; as assistant to Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman John Vessey, 119,120; experiences in Vietnam with the Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Division, 32, 34, 37, 38, 39, 41; 101st Airborne Division and, 65 Grachev, Pavel, 206,217,218,219, 220,222,234-35 Grafenwöhr, 186 Grange, Red, 7 Greece, 212 Green Jackets, 99 Grenada invasion, 120-24 Guatemala, 173,174 Guderian, Heinz, 225-26 guided antitank weapons, 96, 100-101
248 INDEX Iron Curtain: collapse of, 145-47 Israel, 100-101,125 Izetbegovic, Alija, 198,208-9,213, 111 Jaworski, Leon, 86 JCS. See Joint Chiefs of Staff Jefferson, Thomas, 60 Jeremiah, David, 153 Jesuit priests, 156,158,163 Jim Thorpe (PA), 5-6 John Paul II, 228-29 Johnson, Lyndon B., 23, 61,104 Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS): crisis of Eduardo Herrera in Panama and, 152,153; Joulwan as executive officer to chairman John Vessey, 115,116-20,121-22,124, 126-28,129, 130-33; Joulwan’s antidrug operations in Latin America and, 171-72; modernization of the US military under Reagan and, 128-30, 131-33 Jones, Davy, 117 Joulwan, Chris, 57.240 Joulwan, George: as aide to Alexander Haig as SACEUR/CINCEUR, 89, 90-93; as aide to Alexander Haig’s 1972 special envoy mission to North Vietnam, 76-78; appointed SACEUR, 177-78 (see also Supreme Allied Commander Europe); Armor School and, 28, 48, 49; Army War College and, 102-9; as assistant to Alexander Haig as army vice chief of staff, 78-79; Balkan War and (see Balkan War); basketball and, 8; birth of children, 49-50, 78; career overview, 1-2; on challenges for the US in the current world situation, 238-39; children of, 57; at the Command and General Staff College, 62, 64-65; as commander in chief of US Southern Command (see US Southern Command); as commander of the Fifth Corps, 145—47,149; as commander of the First Battalion, Twenty-Sixth Infantry Regiment, 89, 92-97, 98-101, 102; as commander of the Third Armored Division, 140-45; Moshe Dayan and, 37; as deputy chief of staff for operations and plans, US Army in Europe, 135-40; as deputy
White House chief of staff for Nixon, 79-87; William DePuy and, 20-22,23, 24-25,28, 30, 36-37,100, 165-66; as director for combat support systems, 134-35; Distinguished Superior Service Medal, 240; examination of US forces in Beirut following the 1983 bombing, 126-28; family history and early life, 3-5, 6, 7-9; football and, 7-10, 15-16, 76; Gerald Ford and, 87-88; Pavel Grachev and, 217,218, 219,220,222, 234-35; Grenada invasion and, 121-22, 124; on the importance of a positive relationship with Russia, 235-36; on the importance of political awareness in military commanders, 184; interactions and dialogue with the antiwar movement, 47, 50-57,58-60, 63-64; as JCS chairman John Vessey’s executive officer, 115, 116-20,121-22,124,126-28, 129,130-33; Loyola University and, 47,48, 50-53,56-57, 58-62 (see also Loyola University); marriage of, 48—49; meeting with Pope John Paul II, 228-29; Military Liaison Commission and, 138—40; New NATO doctrine and, 237-38; Nixon’s resignation and, 87; promotions, 59, 90,106,130, 134,135; rapport with Bill Clinton, 205; reflections of the lack of clarity for the military mission in Vietnam, 53, 61-62;
Index response to the problems of the post-Vietnam army, 94-97; retirement of, 232-33,234, 240; studies and thesis in political science, 50-51, 53,55-56, 60-62; as a survivor’s assistance officer, 55; as a tactical officer at West Point, 74-76; Teacher of the Year Award, 56; Third Infantry Division and (see Third Infantry Division); on the value of coalitions and working with allies, 1-2,27-28, 98-99,113; values and, 16-17; Vietnam War and (see Vietnam War); West Point and, 9,11-17 Joulwan, Jennifer, 57, 240 Joulwan, Jessica, 57,240 Joulwan, Jimmy, 7-8 Joulwan, Karen: birth of children, 49-50, 78; children of, 57; in El Salvador, 155-56; family life at West Point, 74; family-support services and, 97-98,112-13; George’s decision to be deputy White House chief of staff and, 82; at George’s retirement, 240; life at Fort McNair, 78, 80-81; life in Göppingen, Germany, 93, 97-98; marriage to George, 48-49; at Nixon’s resignation, 87; in Panama, 151-52; travel with George to Vatican City, 228 Joulwan, Mantura, 3 Joulwan, Michael, 3-4, 82 JStar aircraft, 226-27 Kagame, Paul, 192 Karadzic, Radovan: Balkan War and, 189,210,212,213,214,216; cease-fire negotiations and, 210, 212, 213; Joulwan’s concerns about regarding the Dayton Accords, 214, 216; Joulwan’s strategy to apprehend as a war criminal, 231-32 Kennedy, John E, 18,23,28, 61 Kennedy, Robert, 57,105 249 Kent State shootings, 59 Khe Sanh, Battle of, 104 Khrushchev, Nikita, 18 Kidwell (Sergeant First Class), 225, 226 Kigali, 190 King, Martin Luther, Jr., 57 Kissinger, Henry, 57, 77, 84, 87, 88 Kitzingen, 109 Krajina, 199-200
Kroesen, Frederick, Jr., Ill Kuwait, 148-49,151 Laird, Melvin, 83 Lake, Tony, 182-83 Lake Kivu, 192,194 Lake Nyos, 194 Latimer Massacre, 6 Latin America: Joulwan’s development of a regional approach to antidrug operations, 167-78,183-84; Joulwan’s mission to strengthen democratic institutions in, 150,157-58,161-62,163-65, 167,174-76; problem of drug trafficking and, 167-68. See also US Southern Command Latone, Tony, 7 leadership: Joulwan on challenges for the US in the current world situation, 238-39; Joulwan on the importance of political awareness in military commanders, 184; Joulwan on the qualities of a good commander, 112; Joulwan’s experiences with 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam and, 67, 70 Lebanese Christian immigrants, 3—4 Lebanon: bombing of the US Marine barracks in Beirut, 121,122, 124-28; Joulwan’s family history and, 3, 4, 5; sectarian violence in, 5,125 Lemnitzer, Lyman, 90 León, Ramiro de, 174 Lincoln, Abraham, 60-61
250 listening: Joulwan’s interactions with the antiwar movement and, 51-52 Loach helicopters, 43 Lombardi, Vince, 16 London conference, 203,205-7 Long, Robert, 125 Lopez, Joe, 232 Loyola University: antiwar demonstrations and, 58-60; Joulwan as an instructor in the ROTC program, 56-57; Joulwan awarded the Teacher of the Year Award, 56; Joulwan’s interactions and dialogue with antiwar movement, 50-57, 58-60, 63-64; Joulwan’s purpose in attending, 47, 48; Joulwan’s reflections on his experiences at, 63; Joulwan’s studies and thesis in political science, 50-51, 53, 55-56, 60-62 Luck, Gary, 109 Ludee, Father Renee, 44 Luzerne County, 6 Lynd, Staughton, 59 M-l battle tanks, 114,223 M-16 rifles, 159 MAD. See mutually assured destruction Madden, Jim, 33, 34, 37-38,100 Maddox, David, 105,109,149 Mahaffey, Fred, 113-14,115,116 Main River, 110 Major, John, 203,205 Mama Bears, 98 Marder fighting vehicle, 92 Marne, Second Battle of the, 20 Maronites, 4, 5 Marsh, John, 88 MARS system, 49 Mauch Chunk (PA), 5-6 Max (Airedale dog), 93 McAuliffe, Anthony, 71 McCain, John, 184,185 McCall, Dick, 162 McDonald, Wesley L., 121 Medellin Cartel, 175-76 INDEX media: Vietnam War and, 103-4 Meiningen Gap, 20, 24, 111 Memorial Day, 10 Meredith, James, 105 Meuse River, 225-26 Mexico, 172 Meyer, Edward (“Shy”), 117 Military Liaison Commission, 13 8—40 Milosevic, Slobodan: cease-fire negotiations and, 208-9, 210, 211, 212, 213; implementation of the Dayton Accords and, 216,223-24, 227; Joulwan’s request for replacement of the Russian liaison to, 234-35; military support to the Bosnian Serbs by,
200,223-24; negotiations of the Dayton Accords and, 214-15 Mimot Rubber Plantation, 47 Mississippi National Guard, 105 Mladic, Ratko: Balkan War and, 189, 201, 202-3, 206; cease-fire negotiations and, 210,212-13; Joulwan’s concerns about regarding the Dayton Accords, 214, 216; Joulwan’s strategy to apprehend as a war criminal, 231-32; Slobodan Milosevic and, 223 Moakley, Joe, 159,161 Moakley Commission, 159 mobile theater missile systems, 136-37 Mogadishu, 184-85 Molly Maguires, 5-6, 7 moral courage, 108 mortars: American defenses against in Vietnam, 36; Battle of Ap Gu and, 41—42; North Vietnamese infantry attacks and, 35 Mount Nyiragongo, 192,194-95 Movement to End the War, 58 Mt. Lebanon War, 5 Multinational Division North, 219 Murphy, Audié, 20 Muslims: Balkans and, 182. See also Bosnian Muslims
Index mutually assured destruction (MAD), 129 narcotrafficking. See drug trafficking Nash, Bill, 116, 214,216,219,224, 226 National Command Authority, 132 National Defense University, 220 National Football League, 6-7 National Guard, 58, 59,105,173 National Light Infantry, 10-11 National Security Council (NSC), 118, 119-20,172 National Security Directive 18,168, 171 Nativity Catholic High School, 7 NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO Council, 189,199,200, 205, 207,210,211,233 NATO-Russia Founding Act (1997), 218, 235 Necho Allen hotel, 49 Netherlands, 202,203 Neu Ulm, 99 New York City, 103 New York Daily News, 192-93 New York Times, 16 Nicaragua, 121,150,151 Ninth Division (NVA), 41—47 “Nip the Nipple” plan, 111, 141 Nixon, Richard: Christmas Bombing of Hanoi, 77-78; executive war powers and the incursion into Cambodia, 60, 61; foreign affairs and, 85-86; Joulwan as deputy White House chief of staff, 79-87; resignation of, 87; Vietnamization policy and, 57; Watergate scandal, 79, 80, 81-85, 86-87 Noriega, Emmanuel, 148,149 Normandy (USS), 211 North Atlantic Council, 180,198, 211,212,231,232 North Atlantic Treaty, 237-38 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO): air strikes in the Balkan 251 War in 1994,188-89,199-200; Article 5, 237, 238; Combined Joint Task Force, 185, 237; decision to allow NATO forces to protect safe havens in Bosnia, 206-7; Implementation Force in the Balkans (see Implementation Force); Joulwan and the New NATO doctrine, 237-38; Joulwan’s development of a response to the Balkan War in 1993-1994,181-89; key issues facing Joulwan as SACEUR,
179-81,236 (see also Supreme Allied Commander Europe); mutual-observer agreement with the Soviet Union, 142-45; Operation Deliberate Force in the Balkan War, 207, 208, 209-11, 212; OPLAN 10405 for deployment of ground forces in the Balkans, 211-12; Partnership for Peace program, 185-87,188, 217-18, 236-37,238 North Korea, 121 North Vietnamese Army (NVA): Battle of Ap Gu, 41-47; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting, 34-35, 36-37; Joulwan’s assessment of, 29; Joulwan’s deceptive actions against in the A Shau Valley, 69-70; spring offensive of 1972, 71-72; tactics in infantry attacks, 35-36; Tet Offensive and, 71,104 NSC. See National Security Council Ntaryamira, Cyprian, 189 nuclear weapons: Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, 138; Strategic Defense Initiative and, 129-30 Nutting, Wally, 92-93 NVA. See North Vietnamese Army Oaks, David, 160 Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, 193-94, 230 Ogata, Sadako, 193-94,230
252 Ohio National Guard, 59 Omaha Beach, 205 101st Airborne Division, 65-73,149 “One Team, One Fight” motto, 28, 169,172,176,222 Operation Deliberate Force, 207,208, 209-11,212 Operation Deny Flight, 199-200,221 Operation Joint Endeavor, 212 Operation Just Cause, 148,149,154 Operations Field Manual (FM 100-5), 109 OPLAN 10405,211-12 Option C program, 48, 56 Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, 229-30 Ortega, Daniel, 150 Orwigsburg (PA), 10,48,49 Otis, Glenn, 139 Ottoman Empire, 5 Owen, Lord, 207 P-З surveillance aircraft, 170,172 Pale, 201, 209 Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), 125 Panama: Joulwan and regional antidrug operations, 171; Joulwan and the Eduardo Herrera crisis, 151-55; Operation Just Cause, 148,149, 154; problem of drug trafficking and, 167; US aircraft sent to El Salvador, 159-60 Panama City, 149, 151-55 Panama National Police, 152,153 Panetta, Leon, 204 Paris, 85-86 Paris Peace Talks, 77 Partnership for Peace (PfP) program, 185-87,188,217-18,236-37,238 Paterno, Joe, 8 “peace time” engagement strategy, 150 Peay, Binnie, 109,191 Pennsylvania First Defenders, 10-11 Perry, William: with the entry of NATO forces into Bosnia, 226; INDEX integration of Russian forces into NATO and, 218, 220; negotiation of the Dayton Accords and, 214; observation of the Partnership for Peace training, 186-87; US response to the Balkan War and, 187-88, 204, 205; US response to the Goma cholera epidemic and, 193,195 Persian Gulf War, 148-49,151 Peru: drug trafficking and antidrug operations, 169,170,171,172; Ecuador and, 173 PfP program. See Partnership for
Peace program Phu Bai, 72 Phu Loi Battalion (Vietcong), 37-40 Pickering, Thomas, 235 Pickett, David, 159,160 PLO. See Palestine Liberation Organization Poland, 187,228 political science: Joulwan’s studies and thesis in, 50-51, 53, 55-56, 60-62 Ponce, Emilio, 156,157,160,163-65 Posse Comitatus Act, 168 Potočari, 202 Potsdam, 139 Pottsville (PA): football and, 6-7; Joulwan’s family history and, 3-4; Joulwan’s marriage to Karen, 48—49; military heritage of, 10-11; Molly Maguires and, 5-6, 7 Pottsville High School, 7 Pottsville Maroons, 6-7 Powell, Colin, 119-20,125,149,158, 176 Prejidor, 233, 234 Presidential Directive 14,177 Primakov, Yevgeny, 220-21 Quang Tri, 71, 72 Quarry Heights, 151 Quemoy and Matsu crisis, 61 Ramirez (Command Sergeant Major), 110,112
Index 253 Rapid Deployment Battalions, 163 Rawson, David, 190-91 Reagan, Ronald: appointment of John Vessey as chairman of the JCS, 115,117; deployment of US forces to Lebanon and, 125; diplomatic thaw with the Soviet Union, 138; Grenada invasion and, 121,122, 124; Iran-Contra scandal and, 150; modernization of the US military and, 128-30,131-33, 223; National Security Council meetings and, 120; Strategic Defense Initiative and, 129-30 Red Ball express route, 136 Red Beach, 72 REFORGER (Return of Forces to Germany) exercise, 99-100, 111-12,137-38,142-43 refugees: Bosnia and, 230-31 Reimer, Dennis, 240 Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC), 9,48,49, 56-57, 59 Return of Forces to Germany exercise. See REFORGER exercise reverse-slope defense, 113 Revolutionary War, 10, 99 Richardson, Elliot, 81 Ridgway, Matthew, 85 riots of 1968, 57-59 Robinson, George, 233 Rock of the Marne Division. See Third Infantry Division Rogers, Bernie, 45,46 Roosevelt, Theodore, 102 Root, Elihu, 102 Rose, Michael, 197-98,207,210 ROTC. See Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Rotterdam, 136,137 Ruckelshaus, William, 81 Rumsfeld, Donald, 88 Russia: inclusion in NATO’s Implementation Force in the Balkans, 216-23,235,238; issues concerning Joulwan as SACEUR, 181; Joulwan on US failure to approach at the of the Cold War, 235; Joulwan’s New NATO doctrine and, 237,238; Joulwan’s views on the importance of creating a positive relationship with, 235-36 Rwanda: 1994 genocide, 189-92; cholera epidemic in Goma and, 192-95 Ryan, Mike, 200, 207 SA-14 surface-to-air missiles, 151 SACEUR. See Supreme Allied Commander
Europe safe havens: Balkan War and, 196-203,206,207 SAMs. See surface-to-air missiles Sandinistas, 150 Sands, Tom, 15 San Francisco Fire Department, 195, 196 Santa Marta, 162 Sarajevo, 187-88,198-99,201,206, 207,229 Sarajevo Cathedral, 229 Saturday Night Massacre, 81 Saudi Arabia, 149,151 Sava River, 224-25 Schroeder, Dan, 194 Schützenpanzer; 99 Schuylkill County, 5 Schwarzkopf, Norman, 123,149 Schweinfurt, 20 Schweizer aircraft, 170 Scoon, Paul, 121,122,123,124 Scowcroft, Brent, 158 SDI. See Strategic Defense Initiative SDS. See Students for a Democratic Society sealift ships, 136 SEAL Team Six, 122-23,124 Search Bloc, 175,176 Second Battalion, 237th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, 65-67, 68 Second Battalion, 327th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division, 72
254 INDEX Second Battle of the Marne, 20 Second Brigade, Third Infantry Division, 109-13 Second Brigade Combat Team, First Armored Division, 224 Second Marine Division, 152 Second Regiment, First Infantry Division, 37 Sedan, Battle of, 225 Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 229 Serbs, 182. See also Bosnian Serbs; Milosevic, Slobodan Sergeant Majors Academy, 108 Serrano, Jorge, 174 Seventh Army, 25-27 Seventh Corps, 142,143,145,149 Seventieth Guards Regiment (NVA), 41-47 SFOR. See Stabilization Force Shalikashvili, John: classmate of Joulwan’s at the Army War College, 109; Joulwan’s appointment to SACEUR and, 177-78; Joulwan’s request to Clinton for troops in Europe and, 182-83; at Joulwan’s retirement from SACEUR, 234, 240; US response to the Balkan War and, 185,203-4,205,226-27; US response to the Goma cholera epidemic and, 192 SHAPE. See Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe Shevtsov, Leontiy, 220, 221-23 shock training, 96 shoot and scoot missile system, 136-37 Shultz, George, 83,120,121,139 SIMNET. See simulated battle trainer Simon, Bill, 83 simulated battle trainer (SIMNET), 141 Sixteenth Infantry Division, 46 Sixth Regiment (NVA), 69-70 Smith, Leighton, 200, 207, 212, 228, 232 Smith, Rupert, 207 Soccer War, 173 Solana, Javier, 220,231,232 Somalia, 184-85 SOUTHCOM. See US Southern Command Soviet Union: collapse of the Iron Curtain, 145-47; diplomatic thaw with the US under Reagan, 138-40; Grenada and, 121; Military Liaison Commission and, 138-40; modernization of the US military under Reagan and, 128-30, 223; mutual-observer agreement with NATO forces, 142-45
Special Air Services (Great Britain), 233,234 Special Forces Command, 171,175 Spetznaz, 222 Srebrenica massacre, 201-3, 206 SS-21 mobile theater missile system, 136-37 Stabilization Force (SFOR), 232 Stalin, Joseph, 18 Starry, Donn, 101 Stars and Stripes, 90 Star Wars defense system. See Strategic Defense Initiative St. Clair, Jim, 86-87 Steel, Jim, 152-53 St. George’s University Medical School, 121,123 Stinger missiles, 151 St. Patrick’s Roman Catholic Church, 4, 49 Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), 129-30, 223 Strong Roads program, 173 Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 56, 57, 58 Study on Military Professionalism, 64, 107-9 Sullivan, Gordon, 109,145—46,147 Support Justice plan, 170-76 Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR): Alexander Haig as, 88,
Index 89, 90-93; initial issues facing Joulwan and Europe, 179-81, 236; Joulwan and the Balkan War (see Balkan War); Joulwan and the Partnership for Peace program, 185-87, 188, 217-18, 237, 238; Joulwan and the Rwandan genocide, 189-92; Joulwan’s appointment to, 177-78; Joulwan’s retirement, 232-33, 234,240 Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), 91, 92,186 surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), 200 survivor’s assistance officer, 55 Sweden, 186 Swiss Guard, 228 Switzerland, 186 T-72 tanks, 144-45 tactical officers, 74-76 Task Force Eagle, 216, 219,224,226, 227 Tay Ninh Province, 41 Tet Offensive, 70, 71,104 Third Armored Division, 140-45,149 Third Infantry Division (Rock of the Marne Division): William DePuy and, 20-23, 24; Joulwan as chief of staff, 113-15; Joulwan as commander of the Second Brigade, 109-13; Joulwan as liaison officer to the German Second Corps, 25-27; Joulwan’s as a platoon commander, 20-22; Joulwan’s assignment to, 18; Joulwan’s relationship with allies and, 27, 99,113; Sam Walker and, 74 327th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, 72 Thüringer Wald salient, 140,141 Thuringian hills, 20 Thurman, Max, 132,134-35, 148, 149,158,168 Timmons, Bill, 84 Title 10,132 Tito, 182 255 To End a War (Holbrooke), 208,215 Tomahawk missiles, 211 Tonkin Gulf, 61 Toula, 3 TOW antitank missiles, 96 Trabant cars, 146 Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC), 24,100-101 Trophy Point, 13-15 Truman, Harry, 61 Truth Commission (El Salvador), 164-65 tube-launched, optically tracked, wire-guided (TOW) antitank missiles, 96 Tudjman, Franjo, 208-9, 213, 227 Turks, 5 Tutsis,
189-90 Tuzla, 200-201 Twelfth Air Force, 170 Twenty-Sixth Regiment, First Infantry Division (Blue Spaders): Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; Joulwan as commander of the First Battalion, 89, 92-97, 98-101,102; Joulwan assigned to in Vietnam, 28; Joulwan’s actions and experiences with the First Battalion in Vietnam, 30-34, 35—47 271st Regiment, Ninth Division (NVA), 41-47 237th Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division, 65-67, 68 Uganda, 191,192 Ukrainians, 140 United Mine Workers, 6 United Nations: creation of the Sarajevo exclusion zone, 188; El Salvador and, 163,164; failed peacekeeping efforts in the Balkan War, 196-203; Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, 193-94, 230; Rwandan genocide and, 189-90 United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR): Bosnian Serb
256 INDEX bombing of safe havens and, 188, US Army Rangers, 122,123,184-85 196,197-98,199,201-3,206; US Central Command, 190-91 failure of the peacekeeping mission US Coast Guard, 169 in Bosnia, 179-80,189; Sarajevo US Customs Department, 169,170, exclusion zone and, 210; Rupert 172 Smith’s replacement of Michael US Department of Defense, 168 Rose as commander of, 207; US Joint Special Forces Command, Srebrenica massacre and, 201-3 171,175 United Nations Security Council, 151, US Marines: bombing of the barracks 196,197,211 in Beirut, 121,122,124-28; United Nations Security Council Second Marine Division, 152 Resolution 824,196,197 US Naval Academy, 9 University of Mississippi, Oxford, US Southern Command 105-6 (SOUTHCOM): Joulwan and UNPROFOR. See United Nations the development of regional Protection Force antidrug operations, 167-78, Upper Huallaga Valley, 169,172 183-84 (see also antidrug urine tests, 68 operations); Joulwan and the USAEUR. See US Army in Europe Eduardo Herrera crisis in Panama, US Army: Delta Force, 175-76; 151-55; Joulwan and the El William DePuy and army Salvadoran civil war, 149-50, revitalization, 64,100-101,165; 151,155-65; Joulwan appointed Alexander Haig as vice chief of commander in chief, 148-49; staff, 78-79; Karen Joulwan and Joulwan’s mission to strengthen family-support services, 97-98, democratic institutions in Latin 112-13; Joulwan as director for America, 150,157-58,161-62, combat support systems, 134-35; 163-65,167,174-76 Joulwan’s response to the US Special Forces, 161,171,175, problems of the post-Vietnam 233 army, 94-97; legacy of
the Ustashe, 182 Vietnam War examined at the US Treasury Department, 172 Army War College, 103-4; Uwilingiyimana, Agathe, 189,190 modernization and reorganization under Reagan, 128-30,131-33, values: Joulwan and, 16-17 223; Vietnam War and (See Vance, Cyrus, 207 Vietnam War) Vatican City, 228 US Army in Europe (USAEUR): Venezuela, 174 Joulwan as commander of the Vessey, John: career overview, 117; Fifth Corps, 145-47,149; Joulwan deployment of US forces to as commander of the Third Lebanon and, 125; examination of Armored Division, 140-45; US forces in Beirut following the Joulwan as deputy chief of staff Marine barracks bombing, for operations and plans, 135—40; 126-28; Grenada invasion and, key initial issues facing Joulwan as 122,124; as JCS chairman with CINCEUR, 179,180; Frederick Joulwan as executive officer, 115, Kroesen Jr. and, 111; Military 116-20,121-22,124,126-28, Liaison Commission and, 138-40 129,130-33; at Joulwan’s
Index 257 retirement, 240; US military modernization under Reagan and, 128,129,131-33,223 Vietcong: Battle of Ap Gu, 41-47; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting, 34-35, 36-37; First Infantry Division’s battle with the Phu Loi Battalion, 37-40; Joulwan’s assessment of, 29; Tet Offensive and, 71,104 Vietnamization policy, 57, 71 Vietnam War: antiwar movement and (see antiwar movement); Battle of Ap Gu, 40-47; birth of Joulwan’s first child during, 49-50; Christmas Bombing of Hanoi, 77-78; conclusion of and impact on US military, 93-94; William DePuy as commander of the First Infantry Division, 28, 30, 33,40, 43; DePuy firing positions, 35, 36-37; William DePuy’s strategy for fighting the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 24,28, 34-35, 36-37; Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 61-62; Joulwan as aide to Alexander Haig’s 1972 special envoy mission, 76-78; Joulwan assigned to the First Infantry Division, 28; Joulwan on the departure of American forces from, 72-73; Joulwan’s actions and experiences with the First Infantry Division, 30-34, 35-47; Joulwan’s assessment of the Vietcong and North Vietnamese, 29; Joulwan’s assessment of the war’s progress in 1966, 29-30; Joulwan’s experiences with the 101st Airborne Division in retrograde, 65-73; Joulwan’s reflections on the lack of mission clarity in, 53, 61-62; legacy for the US Army examined at the Army War College, 103-4; the media and, 103-4; Nixon and the incursion into Cambodia, 60, 61; North Vietnamese spring offensive of 1972, 71-72; North Vietnamese tactics in infantry attacks, 35-36; Tet Offensive, 70, 71,104; urine tests and, 68; US
Army revitalization and, 64-65; Vietnamization policy, 57, 71 Villafranca airbase, 202,221 Vincent, Dick, 188,212 volcanoes, 192,194-95 Walker, Sam, 74 Walker, William, 162,163 Waller, I. Cal, 105-6,109 war criminals, 231-32, 233-34 wargame simulations, 141—42 war powers, 60-62 Warren, Christopher, 182-83 Warrior Prep Center, 137 Warsaw Pact forces, 142-45 Warthog ground-support aircraft, 97 War Zone C, 41 Washington, George, 60 Washington Artillerists, 10-11 Watergate scandal, 79, 80, 81-85, 86-87 water purification, 193-95 Watkins, James, 121-22, 129 Weinberger, Caspar, 118,119-20, 122,125,132 Werra River, 111 West Berlin, 18,19, 23-24 West Germany, 145-47. See also Germany Westmoreland, William, 107 West Point: birth of Joulwan’s third child at, 78; Joulwan as a cadet at, 9,11-17; Joulwan as a tactical officer at, 74-76 Whiskey Rebellion, 60 Wilder, Sam, 38 Wildflecken, 110 Woerner, Manfred, 181, 184,185, 188,196-97, 205-6,217-18 Women’s Strike for Peace, 58 World War I: Third Infantry Division and, 20
258 INDEX World War II: Battle of Bastogne, 71; William DePuy and, 22; Heinz Guderian’s crossing of the Meuse River, 225-26; Joulwan’s childhood in Pottsville during, 10; Henry Kissinger’s military service during, 84; Third Infantry Division and, 20; John Vessey and, 117 Wright Patterson Air Force Base, 213-15 Yeltsin, Boris, 181,217, 218 Yippies, 58 Yom Kippur War, 100-101 Youth International Party, 58 Yuengling Brewery, 4, 49 Yugoslavia, 179-80,182. See also Balkan War Zaire (Congo), 192-95 Zeigler, Ron, 79 Žepa, 206 „ Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Joulwan, George A. 1939- Chanoff, David 1943- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1124887938 (DE-588)1056310456 (DE-588)1232394823 |
| author_facet | Joulwan, George A. 1939- Chanoff, David 1943- |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Joulwan, George A. 1939- |
| author_variant | g a j ga gaj d c dc |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV047313076 |
| contents | Learning values -- Germany : the Wall -- Vietnam -- In antiwar Chicago -- An Army in retreat -- In the Watergate White House -- The post-Vietnam Army -- Brigade Commander -- The Chairman's XO -- The Wall comes down -- SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador -- SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade -- Bosnia 1 : Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide -- Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords -- Bosnia 3: The NATO Army -- Epilogue |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1261744295 (DE-599)BVBBV047313076 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4003939-0 Autobiografie gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Autobiografie |
| geographic | Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Europa |
| id | DE-604.BV047313076 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:26:39Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:08:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780813180847 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032715965 |
| oclc_num | 1261744295 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | x, 258 Seiten, 24 unezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20210721 DHB_BSB_FID |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | The University Press of Kentucky |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | American warriors series |
| spelling | Joulwan, George A. 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)1124887938 aut Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia General George Joulwan with David Chanoff ; foreword by Tom Brokaw Soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia Lexington, Kentucky The University Press of Kentucky [2021] x, 258 Seiten, 24 unezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier American warriors series Includes index Learning values -- Germany : the Wall -- Vietnam -- In antiwar Chicago -- An Army in retreat -- In the Watergate White House -- The post-Vietnam Army -- Brigade Commander -- The Chairman's XO -- The Wall comes down -- SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador -- SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade -- Bosnia 1 : Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide -- Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords -- Bosnia 3: The NATO Army -- Epilogue "In Watchman at the Gates, General George Joulwan chronicles his exceptional career in the upper echelons of the armed forces. Present at both the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall, he served multiple tours in Germany during the Cold War and two tours in Vietnam. By chance, he was recruited as Nixon's White House deputy chief of staff and witnessed the last acts of the Watergate drama first-hand. He went on to lead US Southern Command-fighting insurgencies and the drug war in Latin America-and was Supreme Allied Commander of NATO forces in Europe (SACEUR) during the Rwandan genocide and the Bosnian peacekeeping missions of the 1990s. At its heart, this inspiring memoir is a soldier's story-written by a warrior who saw defending his country and the democratic values it stands for as his highest calling. Joulwan shares his experiences working with many major military and political figures, including generals William E. DePuy, Alexander Haig, John Vessey, and Colin Powell, US ambassador Richard Holbrooke, and presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. Throughout, he merges memory and lessons in leadership, paying tribute to his teachers and colleagues and explaining the significance of their influence on his personal approach to command. Featuring a foreword by Tom Brokaw, Watchman at the Gates offers incredible insights into world events as well as valuable lessons for a new generation of leaders"-- Joulwan, George A. 1939- (DE-588)1124887938 gnd rswk-swf USA Army (DE-588)2188-X gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Jugoslawienkriege (DE-588)4875209-5 gnd rswk-swf Friedliche Revolution in der DDR (DE-588)4226254-9 gnd rswk-swf Stationierung (DE-588)4056990-1 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 gnd rswk-swf Joulwan, George A. / (George Alfred) / 1939- Generals / United States / Biography United States / Army / Officers / Biography North Atlantic Treaty Organization / Biography Yugoslav War, 1991-1995 / Bosnia and Herzegovina / Personal narratives, American Vietnam War, 1961-1975 / Influence United States / History, Military / 20th century / Anecdotes Cold War / Biography North Atlantic Treaty Organization United States / Army Armed Forces / Officers Generals Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) Bosnia and Herzegovina United States 1900-1999 Anecdotes Biographies Military history Personal narratives / American (DE-588)4003939-0 Autobiografie gnd-content Joulwan, George A. 1939- (DE-588)1124887938 p DE-604 Europa (DE-588)4015701-5 g USA Army (DE-588)2188-X b Stationierung (DE-588)4056990-1 s Friedliche Revolution in der DDR (DE-588)4226254-9 s Jugoslawienkriege (DE-588)4875209-5 s Geschichte z Chanoff, David 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)1056310456 aut Brokaw, Tom 1940- (DE-588)1232394823 wpr Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, pdf 978-0-8131-8085-4 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, epub 978-0-8131-8086-1 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032715965&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032715965&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Joulwan, George A. 1939- Chanoff, David 1943- Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia Learning values -- Germany : the Wall -- Vietnam -- In antiwar Chicago -- An Army in retreat -- In the Watergate White House -- The post-Vietnam Army -- Brigade Commander -- The Chairman's XO -- The Wall comes down -- SOUTHCOM 1 : El Salvador -- SOUTHCOM 2: The Drug Trade -- Bosnia 1 : Balkan War, Rwandan Genocide -- Bosnia 2: Srebrenica and the Dayton Accords -- Bosnia 3: The NATO Army -- Epilogue Joulwan, George A. 1939- (DE-588)1124887938 gnd USA Army (DE-588)2188-X gnd Jugoslawienkriege (DE-588)4875209-5 gnd Friedliche Revolution in der DDR (DE-588)4226254-9 gnd Stationierung (DE-588)4056990-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1124887938 (DE-588)2188-X (DE-588)4875209-5 (DE-588)4226254-9 (DE-588)4056990-1 (DE-588)4015701-5 (DE-588)4003939-0 |
| title | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| title_alt | Soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| title_auth | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| title_exact_search | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| title_full | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia General George Joulwan with David Chanoff ; foreword by Tom Brokaw |
| title_fullStr | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia General George Joulwan with David Chanoff ; foreword by Tom Brokaw |
| title_full_unstemmed | Watchman at the gates a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia General George Joulwan with David Chanoff ; foreword by Tom Brokaw |
| title_short | Watchman at the gates |
| title_sort | watchman at the gates a soldier s journey from berlin to bosnia |
| title_sub | a soldier's journey from Berlin to Bosnia |
| topic | Joulwan, George A. 1939- (DE-588)1124887938 gnd USA Army (DE-588)2188-X gnd Jugoslawienkriege (DE-588)4875209-5 gnd Friedliche Revolution in der DDR (DE-588)4226254-9 gnd Stationierung (DE-588)4056990-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Joulwan, George A. 1939- USA Army Jugoslawienkriege Friedliche Revolution in der DDR Stationierung Europa Autobiografie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032715965&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032715965&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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