The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta: an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present
The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta are an ancient African community in Southern Nigeria, whose history dates back to BC times. Their history is rich in customs, traditions, economics, politics and culture, which date back to Herodotus, the Greek historian, who wrote about the "Silent Trade in...
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Ibadan
Safari Books Ltd.
[2021]
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| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Summary: | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta are an ancient African community in Southern Nigeria, whose history dates back to BC times. Their history is rich in customs, traditions, economics, politics and culture, which date back to Herodotus, the Greek historian, who wrote about the "Silent Trade in West Africa", in the 4th century BC, a story also reported by the Ogoni in their oral tradition. Scholars frequently relate the history of West Africa to the coming of the white man into the region. The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta shows that the colonialists later came to see a lot of innovations by the Ogoni; such as trade, money, industry, agriculture, leadership training, government, law, music, sea travel, war and more. [Back cover] |
| Physical Description: | xxix, 397 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9789785769678 9789785769685 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta are an ancient African community in Southern Nigeria, whose history dates back to BC times. Their history is rich in customs, traditions, economics, politics and culture, which date back to Herodotus, the Greek historian, who wrote about the "Silent Trade in West Africa", in the 4th century BC, a story also reported by the Ogoni in their oral tradition. Scholars frequently relate the history of West Africa to the coming of the white man into the region. The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta shows that the colonialists later came to see a lot of innovations by the Ogoni; such as trade, money, industry, agriculture, leadership training, government, law, music, sea travel, war and more. [Back cover] | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Table of Contents Dedication ............................................................................... v Glossary......................................................................................... xv List of maps.................................................................................... xix List of tables.................................................................................. xix List offigures................................................................................. xix List of abbreviations..................................................................... xxi Foreword...................................................................................... xxiii Preface.......................................................................................... xxv CHAPTER ONE Data Collection and Methods.................................................... 1 The Methodology of Oral Tradition..................... Ogoni Oral Tradition............................................ Informants........................................................... Procedure at Interviews......................................... Transcription and Translation.............................. Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation................. 1 3 3 5 7 7 CHAPTER TWO The Ogoni...................................................................................... 2.1 Geographical Location.......................................... 2.1(a) Climate...................... ........................................... 2.1(b)
Vegetation.............................................................. 2.1(c) Occupations........................................................... i. Agriculture........................................................... ii. Fishing.................................................................. 2.2 Language.............................................................. 2.3 Culturel............................................................... 2.3(a) Religion.................................................................. 2.3(b) The Gbene.............................................................. 2.3(c) Concept of Time and Space................................... 9 9 9 10 12 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 vii
2.3(d) 2.3(e) 2.3(f) 2.3(g) Marriage............................................................ Divorce.............................................................. Adultery.............................................................. Life, Afterlife, Funerals.................................. 18 23 25 26 CHAPTER THREE Culture II: Origin of the Gbene Title.............................. 3.1 Introduction...................................................... 3.2 The Distinction between the Gbene Title and the Gbenemene Title................................ 3.3 The Importance of the Gbene to the Traditional Society............................................ 3.4(a) Prerequisites for the Gbene Title.................... 3.4(b) Preparation for the Pilgrimage......................... 3.5(a) The Journey to Nama........................................ 3.5(b) Supernatural Challenges and Encounters........ 3.6 The Rite ofKpa Bina......................................... 3.7 Conclusion........................................................ CHAPTER FOUR Culture III : The Yaa Tradition and Social Classification.......................................................................... 4.1 Introduction.................... 4.2 Economic Activities......................................... 4.3(a) The Family System............................................ 4.3(b) Mode of Inheritance......................................... 4.3(c) Definitions......................................................... 4.4 Youth Training in Ogoni................................. 4.5 Pilgrimage to the Ancestral
Homes................. 4.6 Field Activities................................................. 4.7 Presentation to the Yaa Totem and Mullet Banquet............................................................ 4.8 Baptism and Separation Dance..................... 4.9 The Yaa Marathon, Ritual Cleansing and Tree Planting.................................................... viii 29 29 30 32 34 35 36 37 40 41 47 47 50 52 53 54 55 58 60 62 64 65
4.10(a) 4.10(b) Conclusion.......................................................... Recommendations.............................................. 68 71 CHAPTER FIVE Origin and Identity of some Niger Delta Place-Names I: Pereira’s Very Large Village.................................................. 5.1 Overview........................................................... 5.2 Early Study ofNiger Delta Place-Names......... 5.3 Early Description of Niger Delta Coasts.......... 5.4 Data Provided by Early European Travelers.... 5.4(a) Geographical and Commercial Evidence.......... 5.4(b) Demographic Evidence...................................... 5.4(c) Linguistic and Cultural Evidence...................... 5.4(d) Evidencefrom Local Traditions......................... 5.5 Conclusion......................................................... 73 73 74 75 78 78 79 81 84 86 CHAPTER SIX Origin and Identity of some Niger Delta Place-Names II: “Moko” “Kuleba” “Others”....................... 89 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3(a) 6.3(b) 6.4 6.4(a) Introduction...................................................... Origin and Identity ofDappers “Moko”......... Origin and Identity ofDappers “Kuleba”....... The Towns ofKwuri............................................. Effect of the Baan Wars on Kwuribue.............. Origin of the Duplication of Place-Names “Old” and “New” Calabar................................ Effect of the Smallpox epidemic and the Baan Wars........................................................ CHAPTER SEVEN Traditions of Origin..............................................................
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Traditions ofAutochthony............................... Traditions oflbibio Origin............................... Tradition of Old Ghana Origin....................... Linguistic Evidence.......................................... ix 89 90 92 92 93 94 95 97 97 98 104 108
7.5 7.6 7.7 Archaeological Excavations at Nama............. Archaeological Datingfrom other Niger Delta Communities..................................................... Conclusions....................................................... 109 110 U1 CHAPTER EIGHT Settlement of Nama and Kugba............................................. 8.1(a) 8.1(b) 8.1(c) 8.1(d) 8.2 8.2(a) 8.2(b) 8.2(c) 8.2(d) 8.3 8.4 Settlement ofNama............................................. Settlement ofKugba........................................... The Proto-Sii Settlers.......................................... The Founding of Wiisoro and Gure................. Expansion from Wiisoro and Gure.................. The Founding of Kónò........................................ The Founding of Sii Town.................................. The Founding of Gwaara................................... Why the Traditions of Kónò are of Sii................ Eastward Expansion........................................ Northward Expansion..................................... 113 113 117 118 118 120 121 122 123 124 125 129 CHAPTER NINE Settlement of Kpong and Outlying Districts.................... 9.1 9.1(a) 9.1 (b) 9.2 9.3 9.3(a) 9.3(b) 9.4 9.4(a) 9.4(b) 9.5 9.5(a) Settlement ofKpong............................................ Kpong in the Early Age....................................... Kpong as a Watershed ofExpansion................. Settlement of Tee.............................................. Settlement of Gokana....................................... Emergence ofthe Names “Tee” and “Gokana”..... Emergence of a New
Language I...................... Settlement ofLuekun and Bangha................... The Founding ofKo........................................... The Coming of the Ebani.................................. Settlement of Eleme.......................................... Migrations from Gokana and Tee to Eleme..... x 127 127 128 129 129 132 135 136 138 140 141 141 143
9.5(b) 9.6 Emergence ofa New Language IL...................... Settlement ofBoue.............................................. 147 148 CHAPTER TEN The Emergence of Kingdoms................................................ 10.1 10.1(a) 10.2 10.2(a) 10.2(b) 10.2(c) 10.3 10.3(a) 10.3(b) 10.4 10.4(a) 10.4(b) 10.4(c) 10.4(d) 10.4(e) 10.5 10.5(a) 10.5(b) 10.6 10.7 The Kingdom ofNama...................................... Matrilineal Succession......................................... The Old KpongKingdom................................... Atees Migration from Tee to Kpong.................. Establishment of a New Dynasty at Kpong....... Background to Atee’s Ascendancy....................... The Kingdom ofKwuribue................................. The Towns ofBoue and Kwuri............................ The Founding of Kónò Boue............................... The Causes of the Baan Wars............................ Rumours of Assault on the Northern Women Traders............................................................... Kwuribue and the System of Coastal Trade in the Sixteenth Century.................................... The Course of the War......................................... First Use of Firearms.......................................... The Change to Patrilineal Monarchy and Succession........................................................... The Kingdom ofGokana................................... Giokoo ............................................................... Unitary State...................................................... The Kingdom of
Tee........................................... Bangha, Luekun and Eleme.............................. 151 151 154 156 160 161 161 163 164 165 166 166 168 172 174 175 176 177 179 181 184 CHAPTER ELEVEN Economic Activities............................................................... 11.1 11.1(a) 11.1(b) Methods of Reckoning and Accumulating Wealth............................................................... Investing in Land Livestock and Poultry.......... Investing in Canoes (Transport)....................... xi 185 185 186 192
11.1(c) 11.1(d) 11.2 11.3 11.3(a) 11.3(b) 11.3(c) 11.3(d) 11.3(e) 11.4 11.4(a) 11.4(b) 11.4(c) 11.4(d) 11.5 Investing in Permanent Tree-Crops and Plants.......................................................... Acquisition ofManilla-Type Bronzes (Kporo).. Agricultural Production.................................... Crafts and Manufactures.................................. Pottery.................................................................. Smithing............................................................... Carving................................................................ Weaving............................................................... Salt Making......................................................... Trade and Markets............................................. Commodity Trade............................................... The City ofBangha as Centre ofLong distance Trade................................................... Long-distance Trade and the Trade Routes....... Impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade.......... Conclusion......................................................... 194 196 197 203 203 229 231 233 234 236 236 238 240 243 244 CHAPTER TWELVE The Canoe Industry at Ko and Long-Distance Trade....... 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Introduction....................................................... Long-distance Trade and Canoes...................... Sources and Supply of Canoes........................... The Ko Canoe Industry Organization and Production......................................................... Implicationsfor Economic
Development......... Conclusion and Recommendation.................... 245 245 246 251 254 257 260 CHAPTER THIRTEEN Early use of Money as Medium of Exchange in The Niger Delta....................................................................... 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 History ofMoney in the Niger Delta............... Origin of the Manillas....................................... Early Application ofMoney in Ogoni Economy... Definitions......................................................... xii 263 263 266 273 273
13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 Investing in Land................................................... Investing in Transport........................................... Investing in Permanent Tree-Crops and Plants... Acquisition of the Крою....................................... Conclusion.............................................................. 274 276 277 280 280 CHAPTER FOURTEEN Diversification of Social Organization.................................. 14.1 14.1(a) 14.1(b) 14.2 14.2(a) 14.2(b) 14.3 14.3(a) 14.3(b) 14.4 14.4(a) 14.4(b) 14.5 14.5(a) 14.5(b) 14.6 Social Stratification.............................................. The Rulers............................................................... The Ordinary Citizens........................................... Evolution of Political Institutions........................ Social Organization and System of Governance.. Emergence of the House of Hunters..................... Formation of the House ofElders....................... Constitutional Changes and Membership of the House ofElders............................................... The Role ofAssobienee........................................... Functions of the House ofElders........................ The Qualifications ofan Elder.............................. The Powers of the House ofElders........................ Emergence of the House ofLieutenants............... Functions of the House ofLieutenants................. Qualification and Membership ofPya Zuguru... Summary............................................................... 283 284 284 285 293 294 297 300 302 304 306
307 308 312 313 314 315 CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Transatlantic Impact...................................................... 15.1(a) 15.1(b) 15.2 15.2(a) 15.2(b) Ogoni at the End of the Slave Trade (1800-1900)................................................ Trade Monopoly by the Delta States..................... Ogoni at the close of the Legitimate Trade........... The British Colonial Conquest.............................. Aftermath of Conquest: Ogoni under Colonial Rule.................................................. Xlll 317 317 318 323 323 326
CHAPTER SIXTEEN 16.1 Conclusion and Recommendation.., Appendices................................................................................. Bibliography.............................................................................. Index ....................................................................................... xiv 331 333 359 377
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| adam_txt |
Table of Contents Dedication . v Glossary. xv List of maps. xix List of tables. xix List offigures. xix List of abbreviations. xxi Foreword. xxiii Preface. xxv CHAPTER ONE Data Collection and Methods. 1 The Methodology of Oral Tradition. Ogoni Oral Tradition. Informants. Procedure at Interviews. Transcription and Translation. Analysis, Synthesis and Interpretation. 1 3 3 5 7 7 CHAPTER TWO The Ogoni. 2.1 Geographical Location. 2.1(a) Climate. . 2.1(b)
Vegetation. 2.1(c) Occupations. i. Agriculture. ii. Fishing. 2.2 Language. 2.3 Culturel. 2.3(a) Religion. 2.3(b) The Gbene. 2.3(c) Concept of Time and Space. 9 9 9 10 12 12 12 13 14 14 15 16 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 vii
2.3(d) 2.3(e) 2.3(f) 2.3(g) Marriage. Divorce. Adultery. Life, Afterlife, Funerals. 18 23 25 26 CHAPTER THREE Culture II: Origin of the Gbene Title. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 The Distinction between the Gbene Title and the Gbenemene Title. 3.3 The Importance of the Gbene to the Traditional Society. 3.4(a) Prerequisites for the Gbene Title. 3.4(b) Preparation for the Pilgrimage. 3.5(a) The Journey to Nama. 3.5(b) Supernatural Challenges and Encounters. 3.6 The Rite ofKpa Bina. 3.7 Conclusion. CHAPTER FOUR Culture III : The Yaa Tradition and Social Classification. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Economic Activities. 4.3(a) The Family System. 4.3(b) Mode of Inheritance. 4.3(c) Definitions. 4.4 Youth Training in Ogoni. 4.5 Pilgrimage to the Ancestral
Homes. 4.6 Field Activities. 4.7 Presentation to the Yaa Totem and Mullet Banquet. 4.8 Baptism and Separation Dance. 4.9 The Yaa Marathon, Ritual Cleansing and Tree Planting. viii 29 29 30 32 34 35 36 37 40 41 47 47 50 52 53 54 55 58 60 62 64 65
4.10(a) 4.10(b) Conclusion. Recommendations. 68 71 CHAPTER FIVE Origin and Identity of some Niger Delta Place-Names I: Pereira’s Very Large Village. 5.1 Overview. 5.2 Early Study ofNiger Delta Place-Names. 5.3 Early Description of Niger Delta Coasts. 5.4 Data Provided by Early European Travelers. 5.4(a) Geographical and Commercial Evidence. 5.4(b) Demographic Evidence. 5.4(c) Linguistic and Cultural Evidence. 5.4(d) Evidencefrom Local Traditions. 5.5 Conclusion. 73 73 74 75 78 78 79 81 84 86 CHAPTER SIX Origin and Identity of some Niger Delta Place-Names II: “Moko” “Kuleba” “Others”. 89 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.3(a) 6.3(b) 6.4 6.4(a) Introduction. Origin and Identity ofDappers “Moko”. Origin and Identity ofDappers “Kuleba”. The Towns ofKwuri. Effect of the Baan Wars on Kwuribue. Origin of the Duplication of Place-Names “Old” and “New” Calabar. Effect of the Smallpox epidemic and the Baan Wars. CHAPTER SEVEN Traditions of Origin.
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Traditions ofAutochthony. Traditions oflbibio Origin. Tradition of Old Ghana Origin. Linguistic Evidence. ix 89 90 92 92 93 94 95 97 97 98 104 108
7.5 7.6 7.7 Archaeological Excavations at Nama. Archaeological Datingfrom other Niger Delta Communities. Conclusions. 109 110 U1 CHAPTER EIGHT Settlement of Nama and Kugba. 8.1(a) 8.1(b) 8.1(c) 8.1(d) 8.2 8.2(a) 8.2(b) 8.2(c) 8.2(d) 8.3 8.4 Settlement ofNama. Settlement ofKugba. The Proto-Sii Settlers. The Founding of Wiisoro and Gure. Expansion from Wiisoro and Gure. The Founding of Kónò. The Founding of Sii Town. The Founding of Gwaara. Why the Traditions of Kónò are of Sii. Eastward Expansion. Northward Expansion. 113 113 117 118 118 120 121 122 123 124 125 129 CHAPTER NINE Settlement of Kpong and Outlying Districts. 9.1 9.1(a) 9.1 (b) 9.2 9.3 9.3(a) 9.3(b) 9.4 9.4(a) 9.4(b) 9.5 9.5(a) Settlement ofKpong. Kpong in the Early Age. Kpong as a Watershed ofExpansion. Settlement of Tee. Settlement of Gokana. Emergence ofthe Names “Tee” and “Gokana”. Emergence of a New
Language I. Settlement ofLuekun and Bangha. The Founding ofKo. The Coming of the Ebani. Settlement of Eleme. Migrations from Gokana and Tee to Eleme. x 127 127 128 129 129 132 135 136 138 140 141 141 143
9.5(b) 9.6 Emergence ofa New Language IL. Settlement ofBoue. 147 148 CHAPTER TEN The Emergence of Kingdoms. 10.1 10.1(a) 10.2 10.2(a) 10.2(b) 10.2(c) 10.3 10.3(a) 10.3(b) 10.4 10.4(a) 10.4(b) 10.4(c) 10.4(d) 10.4(e) 10.5 10.5(a) 10.5(b) 10.6 10.7 The Kingdom ofNama. Matrilineal Succession. The Old KpongKingdom. Atees Migration from Tee to Kpong. Establishment of a New Dynasty at Kpong. Background to Atee’s Ascendancy. The Kingdom ofKwuribue. The Towns ofBoue and Kwuri. The Founding of Kónò Boue. The Causes of the Baan Wars. Rumours of Assault on the Northern Women Traders. Kwuribue and the System of Coastal Trade in the Sixteenth Century. The Course of the War. First Use of Firearms. The Change to Patrilineal Monarchy and Succession. The Kingdom ofGokana. Giokoo . Unitary State. The Kingdom of
Tee. Bangha, Luekun and Eleme. 151 151 154 156 160 161 161 163 164 165 166 166 168 172 174 175 176 177 179 181 184 CHAPTER ELEVEN Economic Activities. 11.1 11.1(a) 11.1(b) Methods of Reckoning and Accumulating Wealth. Investing in Land Livestock and Poultry. Investing in Canoes (Transport). xi 185 185 186 192
11.1(c) 11.1(d) 11.2 11.3 11.3(a) 11.3(b) 11.3(c) 11.3(d) 11.3(e) 11.4 11.4(a) 11.4(b) 11.4(c) 11.4(d) 11.5 Investing in Permanent Tree-Crops and Plants. Acquisition ofManilla-Type Bronzes (Kporo). Agricultural Production. Crafts and Manufactures. Pottery. Smithing. Carving. Weaving. Salt Making. Trade and Markets. Commodity Trade. The City ofBangha as Centre ofLong distance Trade. Long-distance Trade and the Trade Routes. Impact of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Conclusion. 194 196 197 203 203 229 231 233 234 236 236 238 240 243 244 CHAPTER TWELVE The Canoe Industry at Ko and Long-Distance Trade. 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 Introduction. Long-distance Trade and Canoes. Sources and Supply of Canoes. The Ko Canoe Industry Organization and Production. Implicationsfor Economic
Development. Conclusion and Recommendation. 245 245 246 251 254 257 260 CHAPTER THIRTEEN Early use of Money as Medium of Exchange in The Niger Delta. 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 History ofMoney in the Niger Delta. Origin of the Manillas. Early Application ofMoney in Ogoni Economy. Definitions. xii 263 263 266 273 273
13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 13.9 Investing in Land. Investing in Transport. Investing in Permanent Tree-Crops and Plants. Acquisition of the Крою. Conclusion. 274 276 277 280 280 CHAPTER FOURTEEN Diversification of Social Organization. 14.1 14.1(a) 14.1(b) 14.2 14.2(a) 14.2(b) 14.3 14.3(a) 14.3(b) 14.4 14.4(a) 14.4(b) 14.5 14.5(a) 14.5(b) 14.6 Social Stratification. The Rulers. The Ordinary Citizens. Evolution of Political Institutions. Social Organization and System of Governance. Emergence of the House of Hunters. Formation of the House ofElders. Constitutional Changes and Membership of the House ofElders. The Role ofAssobienee. Functions of the House ofElders. The Qualifications ofan Elder. The Powers of the House ofElders. Emergence of the House ofLieutenants. Functions of the House ofLieutenants. Qualification and Membership ofPya Zuguru. Summary. 283 284 284 285 293 294 297 300 302 304 306
307 308 312 313 314 315 CHAPTER FIFTEEN The Transatlantic Impact. 15.1(a) 15.1(b) 15.2 15.2(a) 15.2(b) Ogoni at the End of the Slave Trade (1800-1900). Trade Monopoly by the Delta States. Ogoni at the close of the Legitimate Trade. The British Colonial Conquest. Aftermath of Conquest: Ogoni under Colonial Rule. Xlll 317 317 318 323 323 326
CHAPTER SIXTEEN 16.1 Conclusion and Recommendation., Appendices. Bibliography. Index . xiv 331 333 359 377 |
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| geographic | Nigerdelta (DE-588)4117882-8 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Nigerdelta |
| id | DE-604.BV047229606 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T17:00:08Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:06:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789785769678 9789785769685 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032634102 |
| oclc_num | 1256410707 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-11 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-11 DE-12 |
| physical | xxix, 397 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20210719 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Safari Books Ltd. |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kpone-Tonwe, Sonpie Verfasser (DE-588)1234110407 aut The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present Sonpie Kpone-Tonwe, Ph. D Ibadan Safari Books Ltd. [2021] xxix, 397 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta are an ancient African community in Southern Nigeria, whose history dates back to BC times. Their history is rich in customs, traditions, economics, politics and culture, which date back to Herodotus, the Greek historian, who wrote about the "Silent Trade in West Africa", in the 4th century BC, a story also reported by the Ogoni in their oral tradition. Scholars frequently relate the history of West Africa to the coming of the white man into the region. The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta shows that the colonialists later came to see a lot of innovations by the Ogoni; such as trade, money, industry, agriculture, leadership training, government, law, music, sea travel, war and more. [Back cover] Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Ogoni (DE-588)4407820-1 gnd rswk-swf Nigerdelta (DE-588)4117882-8 gnd rswk-swf Nigeria Ogoni history Ogoni (DE-588)4407820-1 s Nigerdelta (DE-588)4117882-8 g Geschichte z DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032634102&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kpone-Tonwe, Sonpie The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present Ogoni (DE-588)4407820-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4407820-1 (DE-588)4117882-8 |
| title | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| title_auth | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| title_exact_search | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| title_full | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present Sonpie Kpone-Tonwe, Ph. D |
| title_fullStr | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present Sonpie Kpone-Tonwe, Ph. D |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present Sonpie Kpone-Tonwe, Ph. D |
| title_short | The Ogoni of the Eastern Niger Delta |
| title_sort | the ogoni of the eastern niger delta an economic political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| title_sub | an economic, political and cultural analysis from settlement to the present |
| topic | Ogoni (DE-588)4407820-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ogoni Nigerdelta |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032634102&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kponetonwesonpie theogonioftheeasternnigerdeltaaneconomicpoliticalandculturalanalysisfromsettlementtothepresent |