Holdings: Making Ukraine Soviet

Making Ukraine Soviet: literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin

"Making Ukraine Soviet examines the process of cultural sovietisation in Ukraine during the interwar years. Engaging with a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including literary and archival material, Palko grounds her argument in the cases of poet Pavlo Tychyna and prosaist Mykola Kh...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Palko, Olena (Author)
Format:	Thesis Book
Language:	English
Published:	London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 2021
Series:	Library of modern Russia
Subjects:	Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč > 1893-1933 Tyčyna, Pavlo > 1891-1967 Geschichte 1920-1939 Kulturpolitik Sowjetisierung Ukraine Sowjetunion Ukraine / History / 1921-1944 Ukraine / Politics and government / 1917-1945 Ukraine / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 Soviet literature / History and criticism Ukrainian literature / 20th century / History and criticism National characteristics, Ukrainian Communism / Ukraine Social change / Ukraine / History / 20th century Tychyna, Pavlo Hryhorovych / 1891-1967 / Criticism and interpretation Khvylʹovyĭ, Mykola / 1893-1933 / Criticism and interpretation Khvylʹovyĭ, Mykola / 1893-1933 Tychyna, Pavlo Hryhorovych / 1891-1967 Communism Politics and government Social change Soviet literature Ukrainian literature 1900-1999 Criticism, interpretation, etc History Hochschulschrift
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register
Summary:	"Making Ukraine Soviet examines the process of cultural sovietisation in Ukraine during the interwar years. Engaging with a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including literary and archival material, Palko grounds her argument in the cases of poet Pavlo Tychyna and prosaist Mykola Khvyl'ovyi. Through this unique biographical lens, Palko's skilled analysis of cultural construction sheds fresh light on the complex process of establishing the Soviet regime in Ukraine and offers both a timely re-assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and the relationship between national identity, the arts, and the Soviet state"--
Physical Description:	xiii, 265 Seiten 19 Illustrationen und Porträts, Karte
ISBN:	9781788313056

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adam_text	Contents Illustrations viii Acknowledgements ix Note on transliteration and translation xi Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Part One Competing projects of Ukraine 17 1 ‘Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum: The National Revolution in Kyiv 19 2 In search of ‘a blue Savoy’: The Bolshevik revolution in Kharkiv 49 Part Two Debating Soviet culture in Ukraine 77 3 Towards Soviet literature in Ukrainian 79 4 Defending Soviet Ukrainian literature 97 Part Three Fitting in the Soviet canon 115 5 ‘Ukraine or Little RussiaThe battle for cultural autonomy in 1926 117 6 State appropriation of literature during the first Five-Year Plan 147 Epilogue 185 Notes 192 Bibliography 231 Index 252 Bibliography Primary Sources Archives Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Mista Kytevä (DAK) (State Archive of Kyiv). Haluzevyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Sluzhby Bezpeky Ukrainy (HDA SBU) (State Archives Department of the Security Service of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Hromads’kykh Ob’iednan’ Ukrainy (TsDAHOU) (Central State Archives of Public Organisations of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv-Muzei Literatury і Mystetstva Ukrainy (TsDAMLMU) (Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Vyshchykh Orhaniv Vlady ta Upravlinnia Ukrainy (TsDAVOU) (Central State Archive of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine). Creative Writing Arena. 1 (1922). Dolenho, Mykhailo. Krytychni Etiudy. Kharkiv: DVU, 1925. Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyľ. Tvory и Dvokh Tomakh. Kyiv: Derzhlitvydav, 1958. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Po barvinkivs’komu raioni, Z bl’oknotu korespondenta. Kharkiv: DVU, 1930. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. ‘Iz zhyttiepysu popeliastoi korovy’. In Khvyľovyi, Tvory v dvokh tomakh 2: 347-53. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Odvertyi lyst do Volodymyra Koriaka’, Vaplite, 5 (1927): 158-73. Khvylovy, Mykolą. ‘Woodcocks’. In Before the Storm: Soviet Ukrainian Fiction of the 1920s, edited by George Lucky), 15-69. Ann Arbor: Ardis, 1986. Khvylovy, 3 Mykolą. Stories from the Ukraine. New York: Philosophical Library, 1960. Khvylovy, Mykolą. The Cultural Renaissance in Ukraine. Edmonton: CIUS, 1986. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Ukraina chy Malorosiia? Kyiv: Ukrains’ka Pres-Hrupa, 2012. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Tvory u Dvokh Tomakh. Kyiv: Dnipro, 1990-1. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Tvory u P’iaťokh Tomakh. New York-Baltimore-Toronto: Smoloskyp, 1978-86. Liubchenko, Arkadii. Vybráni Tvory. Kyiv: Smoloskyp, 1999. Luts’kyi, lurii (ed.). Vaplitians’kyi Zbirnyk. Oakwill: Mosaika, 1977. Muzahet: Misiachnyk Literatury і Mystetstva. 1-3 (1919). Shliakhy Mystetstva. 1 (1921). Shliakhy Rozvytku Suchasnoi Literatury: Dysput 24 Travnia 1925 r. Kyiv, 1925. 232 Bibliography Tychyna, Pavlo. ‘On the Anniversary of Kruty (In Memory of the Thirty) (Deep in the Mound of Askold)’. Zhinochyi Svit=Woman’s World 25.1, no. 289 (1974): 17. Tychyna, Pavlo. 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Index All-Russian Constituent Assembly 22-3, 26-7,29 All-Soviet Congress of Soviet Writers 189 All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Vseukrains’ka Akademiia Nauk, VUAN) 43,132,161,163-4,170 All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee (VUTsVK) 171 All-Ukrainian Committee of Assistance to Scholars ( Vseukrains’kyi komitet spryiannia vchenym) 44 All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies 29, 51,53, 56 All-Ukrainian Federation of Proletarian Writers and Artists (Vseukrains’ka Federatsiia Proletars’kykh Pys’mennykiv ta Myttsiv) 60 All-Ukrainian Federation of Revolutionary Soviet Writers 166, 167 All-Ukrainian Literary Committee (Vseukrains’kyi Literaturnyi Komitet, Vseukrlitkom) 35,41, 58-9 All-Ukrainian National Congress 25 All-Ukrainian Orthography Conference 157 All-Ukrainian Peasant Writers’ Union Pluh (Plough) 83,99,103,105,113, 152,154,168 joining the VUSPP 134 on mass literature 83-5 and Tychyna 87 writers of 102 All-Ukrainian Photo-Cinema Administration (Vseukrains’ke Foto-Kino Upravlinnia, VUFKU) 144 All-Ukrainian Publishing House (Vsevydav) 58 All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Creative Forces 60 All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Writers (Vseukrains’ka Spilka Proletars’kykh Pys’mennykiv, VUSPP) 113,132-7,143-4, 148, 151,154,165-6,168-9,173,189 All-Union Resolution on Literature 134 all-Union Soviet culture. See Soviet culture anti-Ukrainizatsiia 6,130-2,145,160 Antonenko-Davydovych, Borys 154,157, 164,184 Aspanfut (.Komunkul’t) literary organization 220 n.93 The Association of the Proletarian Writers, Hart (Tempering) 73,83-5,99, 103-4,133-4 Bez manifestu (Without a Manifesto) 84 members of 92,100,105 Nashe siohodni (Our Today) 137 Tychyna and 87,92 Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine 159 autobiographical writings 11,61-2 autonomy, Soviet Ukraine’s 5,17,19,46, 187-8 of art 32 cultural 3, 9-10,16, 58, 111, 115,117, 124,127,148,161,190,192 n.4 khvyl’ovizm 165,168 KP(b)U 179,185 literature 133,143 national-personal 27,201 n.47 national-territorial 23-6 Proletkult 60 VAPLITE 101,130 Avanhard (Avant-Garde) group 144,154, 165 avant-garde 88,122,159,199 n.75 founders of Ukranian 106 Index Averbakh, Leopold 167 Azarkh, Raisa 147,223 n.l Bahrianyi, Ivan 180 Balyts’kyi, Vsevolod 86,160 Battle of Kruty ЗО Bazhan, Mykolą 154-5,182 Bedny, Demian 155 Bila studia (White Studio) literary group 32 Bilets’kyi, Oleksandr 41,130,149 Biľshovyk Ukrainy (The Bolshevik of Ukraine) periodical 58,143 biographical approach 8,10-11,13 Blakytnyi. See Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl Bogdanov, Alexander 59 Boichukisty group. See Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine Bolsheviks/Bolshevism 2, 34-8,42-7, 52, 66,79,111-12,128,158, 179, 203 n.84 Bolshevik-led Soviet Republic in Ukraine 5 Boroťbysty and 35, 52, 56 and Comintern 57 Khvyl’ovyi and 11,13, 52 and local political forces 53 nationalism 80 occupation of Kyiv 30-1, 34 populism 14,178 proletarian culture 17,28,82 against Provisional Government 27 public support for 55, 67 revolution 10,17,43-4,49 revolutionary slogan of 67 Russian 29-30, 51 in Ukraine 50-5,80, 118 against Ukrainian nationalists 37 violence 44 Borot’ba (The Struggle) literary group 33, 35 Boroťbysty party 2-3, 34-5, 37,46, 56-7, 77, 84,97 All-Ukrainian Conference of 57 and Bolsheviks 35, 52, 56-8 and Comintern 57 cultural activities in Soviet Ukraine 58-9 Lenin’s Draft Resolution 57 253 Bourdieu, Pierre 10 bourgeois nationalism/nationalists 6,52, 55,119,121-2,127,147,162,177 Bukharin, Nikolai 71 Bulgakov, Nikolai, Belata Gvardiia (The White Guard) 157 censorship 11, 24,125,171 The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine (Komitet Komunistychnoi Partii Biľshovykiv Ukrainy, TsK KP(b)U) Department of Agitation and Propaganda 81 June Plenum (1926) 118,120-7,160 Politburo Resolution 167 resolution of 99,126,133,189,230 n.15 Central Powers 30-1, 50-1 Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine (TsDAMLMU) 10-11 chauvinism anti-Ukrainian 120 Russian (Great-Russian) 79,107,131, 142,156,158 Ukrainian 142,162 Cheka. See Extraordinary Committee for combating counter-revolution, Sabotage and Speculation Chekhivs’kyi, Volodymyr 161 Cherniakhivs’ka-Staryts’ka, Liudmyla 161 Cherniakhivs’kyi, Oleksandr 161 Chernihiv, Ukraine 19 Hromada group 20 zemstvo reform 20 Chervonyi Shliakh (Red Path) periodical 58,126,128,144, 177 political significance of 214 n.70 for Ukrainian literature 90-6 Chubar, Vlas 119,128-9 Pro Vyvykhy (On the deviations) 123 Tychyna, criticism of 128 Chumak, Vasyľ 33, 37, 62 Chykalenko, Ievhen 22-3,200 n.l 2 civil war 2,9,47, 50-2, 67, 80,128,188, 204 n.l 19 cultural life of Ukraine 38-9 end of 66 in Kyiv 31,42 254 project of proletarian culture 82 Russian 31 status of Ukrainian language during 75 Tychyna and 12,15,18-19, 35, 39 Ukrainian literature 137 Clark, Katerina 6,188,196 n.32 class war 44,141,164,167,170, 227 n.123, 230 n.2 Commissariat for Education (Narkomos) 35-6, 58, 85, 92, 100, 106, 119, 126-7, 140-1, 215 n.8 Communism 57, 61, 73, 81,110,112,118, 151,171, 174,177-8, 180 Communist International (Comintern) 57 Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine (KP(b)U) 2, 5, 8,11,16, 29, 73, 80, 98,100,147-8,163,165, 185,187,190 anti-communist opposition in 178 and Borot’bysty 57-8 central leadership authority 179 and Comintern 57 educational tasks 130 faction of 77,115 on history of 193 n. 18 ideological roots in 97 Khvyl’ovyi in 53 meeting in Taganrog 51 Party Plenum (1926) 16,115,145 resolution of 57 Third Congress 52 VIII All-Ukrainian KP(b)U conference 118 Communist Party of Western Ukraine (KPZU) 148 Constitutional Democratic Party 22 counter-revolutionary 12, 44, 73,125,132, 149, 162, 167, 170, 176,195 n.27 cultural development 23, 38, 111, 159,186 Moscow 3,8 Soviet Ukraine 8,16,101,103,120-2, 126,139,142, 153, 188 Ukraine 58,91,99,107,118,122,124, 135, 143, 191 cultural diplomacy 91 cultural projects in Soviet Ukraine 2-8, 58,190 autonomous 2, 9-10,16, 58, 111, 115, 117, 124, 127, 148, 161, 190, 192 n.4 Index during/after Bolshevik revolution 17 by KP(b)U 77 Moscow-centred 8 proletarian 82 separatist 4-5, 9,16,17,28,111, 114-15,159,190 cultural Sovietization in Ukraine 2,6-7, 10,188 Danylenko, Vasyľ 195 n.27 Denikin, Anton 33, 37, 53, 56 Diad’ko Mykolą (Uncle Mykolą). See Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą Dibrova, Volodymyr 227 n.156 Dniprovs’kyi, Ivan 84,108,148,154,167 Dni Turbinykh (The Days of the Turbins) play 157-8 Domontovych, Viktor. See Petrov, Victor Dontsov, Dmytro 13 Doroshkevych, Oleksandr 122,170 Dosvitnii, Oles 85, 92-4,100,105,133, 140,154,166-7 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 On the Development of the Literary Forces’ 125 Dovzhenko, Oleksandr 21,154,159 ‘On the Problem of Arts’ 125 Drach, Ivan 197 n.57 Drai-Khmara, Mykhailo 33 DVU. See State Publishing House of Ukraine education 22-3, 54, 72, 84,187 campaigns/programme 6, 81 educational institutes 21,42-3,141 literacy 6, 81-2, 84,103,186 mass education 20 political 82,103 Elian. See Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl 20-1, 33-5,41, 58, 73, 83, 85-6, 95, 100-1,104, 171 Bez manifestu (Without a Manifesto) 84 death of 89 and Khvyl’ovyi 58, 73,101 and Tychyna 86, 89,170 emigration, Ukrainian 13, 89, 91-4, 96, 148,196 n.33 émigrés 46-7, 91, 93-4, 96, 106 Index Ems decree 200 n.l 1 English literature 1,155 Epik, Hryhorii 154,166-8,177 executed renaissance (rozstriliane vidrodzhennia) paradigm 7,14,190, 196 n.33 Executive Committee of the Council of United Community Organizations (Ispolnitel’nyi Komitet Sověta Ob’edinemykh Obshchestvennykh Organizatsii, IKSOOO) 22, 24 Extraordinary Committee for combating counter-revolution, Sabotage and Speculation (Chrezvychainaia Komissio po Bor’be s Kontrrevoliutsiei і Sabotazhem, Cheka) 44,64,66, 86,131 famine 179-80 of 1921-2 45, 67 of 1932-3 174-5,185 Khvyl’ovyi on 175 fascism/fascist 73,123-4,139,147,163, 177, 218 n.35, 223 n.8 February Revolution 23-4, 50, 55, 80 fellow travellers 5,8, 88,90, 99-100,126, 129-30,152,162, 168 First All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviet Writers 189,203 n.90 First All-Ukrainian Military Congress 26, 201 n.36 Fitil’ov, Oleksandr 53 Fitzpatrick, Sheila 44,160 class war (soft vs. hard line) 230 n.2 Five-Year Plan, first 8,16,141,160,164, 167,172-3 Fowler, Mayhill C. 8,193 n.17,198 n.72 Free Cossacks units (vilne kozatstvo) 29, 52 Friche, Vladimir 155 Frunze, Mikhail 80 Futurism, Ukrainian 216 n.35 Fylypovych, Pavlo 33 Germany 31 German-backed Ukrainian government 50-1 Gershberg, Semen 179 Gorky, Maxim 20,155,159 Mať (Mother) 152 255 Slisarenko and 152-3, 224 n.49 Ukrainian language and 153 GPU. See State Political Directorate Grabowicz, George 61,172,197 n.51, 198-9 n.74 Great-Russian chauvinism 79, 107, 131, 142,156,158 Hagen, Mark von 14 Hart (Tempering), journal of VUSPP 136-7,165 Hermaize, Iosyp 161 Hetmanate, Ukraine 19, 203 n.66 high culture 3, 9, 78, 84,103,105,110 High Stalinism 10,164,193 n.14 Hirchak, Ievhen 122 Na dva fronta v bor’be s natsionalizmom (On Two Fronts in the Struggle with Nationalism) 125 historical identity of Ukraine 230 n.10 Hlobenko, Mykolą 12 on Khvyl’ovyi 192 n.4 Holovko, Andrii 154 Horoshanin, Valerii 160 Hromada group 20 Hrono literary group 213 n.41 Hrushevs’kyi, Mykhailo 22-4, 32,118, 122,163,186 Hryn, Halyna 14 Ukrainization 195 n.27 Hryn’ko, Hryhorii 58, 90 Iakovenko, Hryts’ko 102 Iakubs’kyi, B. 83 Ialovyi, Mykhailo 90,100,105,126,133, 140,147,167 accusation and arrest 126,176 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 Ianovs’kyi, Iurii 108,148,154,167,169 Iashek, Mykolą 101 Desiat’ rokiv ukrains’koi literatury (Ten years of Ukrainian Literature) 83 Iavors’kyi, Matvii 163-4, 230 n.10 Iefremov, Serhii 34,42, 92,122,161 and Tychyna 88,163-4,170 IKSOOO. See Executive Committee of the Council of United Community Organizations industrialization 80-1, 111, 171,175,186 256 intelligentsia 11,18, 20, 24, 32 Kyiv’s 23,42-3 Soviet bureaucracy and 193 n.14 toiling intelligentsia (trudiashcha intelihentsia) 179 Ukrainian 23, 34, 38, 52, 89,102, 109-10,119,131-2,161,195 n.27 internationalism 80, 93,120,133,135 International Union of Proletarian and Revolutionary Literature (Mizhnarodna Orhanizatsiia Proletars’koi ta Revoliutsiinoi Literatury, MOPRL) 169 Iohansen, Maik 41, 60, 84,149,154,166 on Kharkiv’s growth 56 Iura, Hnat 154 Iurynets, Volodymyr 41, 63,124,126 Kaganovich, Lazar 119-20,126,131,147 address to Ukrainian delegates 155-6 and Shums’kyi 120-1,130,148 Katerynoslav, Ukraine 28, 51 Kerensky, Alexander 23, 27 Kerzhentsev, Platon 1,155 Kharkiv, Ukraine 2-3, 7,15, 28-9,41,43, 46.48, 66,133, 179, 195 n.29 establishment of Soviet government 17 as industrial centre 55-6 Iohansen on growth of 56 Kharkiv orthography 187 Pilnyak visit to 109 political capital 55 Soviet Ukrainian writers in 90 Ukrainian communists in 6 Khrystiuk, Pavlo 126 Khvylia, Andrii 90,101,124,134,148,175 Iasnoiu Dorohoiu (On a clear path) 123 Vid ukhylu v prirvu . (From Deviation into Abyss) 125,139 Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą 1, 3, 5,8-11,14-16, 18.41.48, 54, 56, 59, 78, 84, 95, 100, 104, 108,121, 132,140, 148, 154,162-3,166-8,184 accusations on 73,102,110,120,122, 126,136,223 n.8 Apoiohety Pysarysmu (Apologists of Scribbling) 101,107,117,120 Arabesky (Arabesques) 61 autobiographical nature of 61-2 Index Chumakivs’ka Komuna (Chumak’s Commune) 62 communard 62,72-3,118 contribution in Literary Discussion 101-2 Asiatic Renaissance 101,111-14 ‘Europe’ 101,104-11,142 proletarian art 101,114 prosvita 101-3,106, 111, 137 criticism against 110,122,124,139, 147.211n.147 Cultural Renaissance 208 n.69 documents on 11 Dumky proty Tech։։ (Thoughts against the Current) 101,104,106,120 early life (and/in politics) 49-50 and Ellan-Blakytnyi 58,73,101 in Europe 147-8 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 fictional characters of 62-6,68-73,75, 137-9,173-4 formalism, charges of 73,82,136 Free Cossacks by 29, 52 at Golovpolitosvita 58, 72 GPU’s file on 223 n.17 against hierarchy 103,114 la (Romantyka) (My self (Romanticism)) 64-5,102 Iakovenko and 102 illness of 147 Ivan Ivanových 150-1 Iz zhyttiepysu popeliastoi korovy (From the life-story of an ashy-grey cow) 174 Kamo Hriadeshy? (Quo Vadis?) 101, 103, 111, 120 to Kharkiv 58 Kharkivs’kyi Proletar (Kharkiv Proletariat) 161 Khvyl’ovizm 13,123,131,161,165, 168, 177,218 n.35 Knyha Sioma (Book Seven) 150 Kolonii, Vily (Colonies, villas) 68 and Koriak 59, 61,136 Kostiuk on 53,165, 208 n.70 in KP(b)U 53 Kulish on 140 Lehenda (The Legend) 63 letter to Mohylians’kyi 73-4,109,112 Index Liliuli 63-4 and Liubchenko (Arkadii) 175-6 Maibutni Shakhtari (Future Miners) 173 Moskovski Zadrypanky (Moscow’s Dusty Backwaters) 117,122 Na ozera (To the Lakes) 61 narration (first-person voice) of 61,63 non-existence of 12-13 Osin’ (Autumn) 61 Ostannii Deri (The Last Day) 173 Po barvinkivs’komu raioni (Around the Barvinkove district) 174 Podiaka Pryvatnoho Likaria (Gratitude of the Private Doctor) 66 political campaigns against 185 Povisť pro Sanatoriinu Zonu (A Tale of a Sanatorium) 70,151 for proletariat 125 Pro Liubov (About Love) 173 recantations 139,147-9,161 Redactor Kark 70, 73 in Red Army 53, 55 repentant 133,148 revolutionary slogans 75,121,123,127, 139,161 revolution/revolutionary romanticism 8,61-5, 67-72,74-5, 138, 188 romantic vitaism 61,109,112 and Russian Proletkult 216 n.50 Sentymentalna Istoriia (Sentimental Tale) 64, 69 Shchaslyvyi Sekretar (A Happy Secretary) 173 Shliakhetne Hnizdo 68 and Shums’kyi 117-18,126-7 Stalin and 120,124 suicide of 9,11,175-9,188 death note 176,178 Syliuety (Silhouettes) 62, 72 Syni Etiudy (Blue Etudes) 60, 74 Synii Lystopad (Blue November) 62,69 trips to Soviet Ukraine’s provinces 174 Tvory u P’iaťokh Tomakh 197 n.42, 215 n. 16, 223 n.l and Tychyna 48,130 Ukraina chy Malorosiia? (Ukraine or Little Russia?) 5,101,124,137, 139-40,149,153,161 257 on Ukrainizatsiia 139 Val’dshnepy (The Woodcocks) 102, 137-40,147-9,161 and VAPLITE (see VAPLITE) Vstupná novela (The Introductory Novelette) 61 on VUSPP 136-7 and Zerov 54-5, 74 Zhyttia (Life) 64 Kievlianin newspaper 29, 202 n.58 Klen, Iurii 33,44 Koliada, Geo (Hryhorii), Futur Extra 85-6 kolkhoz (kolhospna) 174,180 Komunist/Kommunist 58, 89, 98,140, 148-9, 207 n.50 allegations on Tychyna 128-9 Kopylenko, Oleksandr 149 korenizatsiia policy 3, 6-7,15, 77, 97-8, 113,115, 118,130,141,162,175, 185-7 and growth 131 hard-line 131,185, 230 n.2 lack of educated speakers 103 and mass movements 82-5 soft-line 185, 230 n.2 in Ukraine 79-82,121,145 Koriak, Volodymyr4, 41,84,126,133, 136 accusation on 136 and Khvyl’ovyi 59, 61,136 Orhanizatsiia Zhovtnevoi Literatury 193 n.ll on Tychyna 88-9 Ukrains’ka Literatura 197 n.58 V Boiakh: Statti in Vystupy 197 n.58 Korniichuk, Oleksandr 183 Kosior, Stanislav 162 Kostiuk, Hryhorii 53, 165,208 n.70 Kotsiubyns’kyi, Mykhailo 20 Kovalenko, Borys 133,182 Kozel’s’kyi, Borys 160 KP(b)U. See Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine KPZU. See Communist Party of Western Ukraine Kratochvil, Alexander 151 Kulish, Mykolą 105,126-7,133,140,154, 165-9, 175 ‘kultura’vs. ‘khaltura’ 3,110 258 Kulyk, Ivan 84,126, 153,155,157, 182 Kurbas, Les’ (Oleksandr) 32,106,159 Kviring, Emanuel 51 Kyiv Commercial Institute 21 Kyiv State University 42-3,182 Kyiv, Ukraine 17,19-20, 22,24, 28, 38,46, 55-6, 66, 202 n.55,205 n.123 capture of 30-1 cultural and literary activities in 32 economic crisis in 42-5 intelligentsia 23, 42-3 military parade at St Sophia Square 28 Tsentraľna Rada (see Tsentral’na Rada (Central Council)) Volunteer Army in 37 young writers in 24 Kyrylenko, Ivan 154 Lavrinenko, Iurii 33, 73,182 Le, Ivan 133,154 Lebed, Dmitrii 98,122,126 Left Socialist-Revolutionaries 34 Leites, Oleksander 101,130,140 Desiat’ rokiv ukrains’koi literatury (Ten years of Ukrainian Literature) 83 on Tychyna 88 Leninism 14, 81,120 Lenin, Vladimir 2, 34, 51-2, 56-7, 72-3, 81, 113,128, 131,140, 156, 171, 209 n.107,212 n.19. See also Bolsheviks/Bolshevism on art 83 bureaucracy 67 civic literacy 82 death of (commemoration) 73, 87 Leontovych, Mykolą 44, 86 death of 44-5 Liber, George 186,212 n.ll, 230 n.7 liknep campaign 81 literary developments 7,152,169,191,193 nn.15-16 Literary Discussion of 1925-8 2, 5, 8,15, 73, 75,82, 99-102, 115,118, 122-3, 125-6,132,135,140, 142, 170,185 literary organization 3-4,16, 60, 83-5, 104-5,143,152,189.See also specific organizations independent 133,165 mass 84-5,99,102-3 Index proletarian 75 state-controlled 83,133-5 Literatura і Mystetstvo (Literature and Art) 152,181 Literaturna Hazeta (Literary Gazette) periodical 152,165 Literaturno-Naukovyi Visnyk journal 20, 22,24 Literaturnyi Iarmarok (The Literary Fair) 149-52,161,165-7,170 Khvylbvyi, role of 149 Literaturnyi Tsekh (Literary Guild) periodical 167 Little-Russianism (rozkhliabane malorosiistvo) 93,96 Liubchenko, Arkadii 105,147-8,154,166, 175 Ioho Taiemnytsia (His Secret) 175,228 n.177 and Khvylbvyi 175-6 Liubchenko, Panas 34, 58,161,219 n.71 Lunacharsky, Anatoly 1,133,155 Maiorov, Mykhailo 151 Malaniuk, Ievhen 93 Na mezhi dvokh epokh (At the turn of two eras) 93 Poslanie (Epistle) 95 and Tychyna 95 MARS (Maisternia revoliutsiinoho slova (The Workshop of the Revolutionary Word)) 137,221 n.119 Martin, Terry 6,230 n.2 Marxism/Marxist 14, 34, 82, 111, 124,126, 139,156 Marx, Karl 2, 72,150,156 mass culture 3, 9,103,114,186 Mayakovski, Vladimir 155,177 modernism/modernization 7, 9,15-16, 19, 32,41, 55-6,80, 98,186-7 Mohylians’kyi, Mykolą 88-9 letter from Khvylbvyi 73-4,109,112 private collections of 196 n.42 Molodniak (The Union of Komsomol Writers) 152,154,168, 224 n.44 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 183 Momot, Ivan 166 MOPRL. See International Union of Proletarian and Revolutionary Literature Index Moscow 13,16, 34-5,48, 52,77, 96-7, 108,114,117,120,185,190 Bolsheviks in 36, 53, 77 cultural developments 3,8 delegates from Soviet Ukraine 1-3,152-9 Kharkiv and 179 Soviet authorities in 175 Mukhin, Mykhailo 95 Murashko, Oleksandr 44,86 Muraviov, Mikhail 30 Muzahet (Musagetes) literary group 33 Mykhailychenko, Hnat 4, 33-4, 37, 52, 58 ‘Theses on the New Proletarian Art’ 60 Mykytenko, Ivan 1,134,153,155,183 Mystetstvo (Art) journal 33, 35, 58 Nash Universal (Our Universal) 60 National Amateur Choir Chapel 45 national communists 13-14, 52, 56-7, 96, 132,178 national cultures 3, 6, 32, 79-81,136,156, 159 national identity 3-6, 9, 79,97-8,186 nationalism 130,132,139, 143, 149, 158 bourgeois 6, 52, 55,119,121-2,127, 147,162,177 local 6,13, 80,162 Ukrainian 89,130,165,185 nationalities policy, Soviet 6-7, 77, 79, 97, 131-2,156,177,194 n.26. See also korenizatsiia policy; Ukrainizatsiia policy neoklasyky (neoclassicists) group 33,106, 122, 135,154,189,203 n.72 New Economic Policy (NEP) 67-72,74, 121,137,151 Nicholas II22, 50 Nikovs’kyi, Andrii 161,170 NKVD commission 11,182,185-6 non-Soviet writers 5,154,158 Nova Rada journal 24-5,28, 30, 33 Nova Ukraina (New Ukraine) journal 91-2 Novychynko, Leonid 13 Nytchenko, Dmytro 223 n.13, 226 n.102 on Partita Vede 181-2 October Revolution 9,14-15,41,108,152, 179,182 Ohloblin, Mykolą. See Hlobenko, Mykolą 25 9 Olesha, Iurii 155, 227 n.146 Olympians 101-2,110,113,170 OPOJAZ group (Society for the Study of Poetic Language (Obshchestvo izuchenija POeticheskogo JAZyka)) 208 n.70 Oswald Burkhard. See Klen, Iurii Panch, Petro 100,167,183 Panchenko, Mykhailo 58-9,100 Paparuk, Lidiia 86, 95, 204 n.94 Pauly, Matthew 80,162,215 n.8 Pavlyshyn, Marko 193 n.19 peasants/peasantry 34,49-51, 56, 67, 80, 134,185-6 leaders (otamans) 31 revolutionary 83-4,202 n.58 Ukrainian/Ukrainian-speaking 35,60, 70,80-1, 98,168 urbanized 114,186 Pervomais’kyi, Leonid 154 Petliura, Symon 38,183 Petrenko, Pavlo (O. Gan) 50 Petrograd, Russia 17,23, 50 Provisional Government in 22-3, 26-7, 29, 50 Petrov, Victor 43-4 P’ianov, Volodymyr 86,183 Piatakov, Georgii 51 Pidmohyľnyi, Valerian 154, 215 n.22 Pilnyak, Boris 1,7, 155, 208 n.76 visit to Kharkiv 109 Pluzhnyk, Ievhen 154 Poland 55, 217 n.12,219 n.72 polemic 5, 93,101-2,117,125,136,165, 218 n.20 Polishchuk, Valerian 59,83, 92,94-5,154, 157, 165 Polons’ka-Vasylenko, Natalia 43 Poltava, Ukraine 23,27-8,175 post-colonial literary criticism 193 n. 19 Postyshev, Pavlo 175 Pravda newspaper 179-82 proletarian culture 3-9,12,15-16,17-18,33, 35,41,44,46-8,55-6,59-61,75,82-3, 99-101,103,112,133,135-6,142 literary front 164-70 Proletkult movement (1917) 59-61, 75, 82,84,136,207 n.55 260 PROLITFRONT. See The Union of workshops of proletarian literary front Prolitfront periodical 166-7,169 pro-Soviet writers 4, 60, 84, 90 prosvita 20, 25, 50,103,106 provincial/provincialism 3-4, 6,16,19, 55, ПО, 113, 124, 138-9 Pylypenko, Serhii 83, 85, 100-1,153-5 massivism (masovizm) 84 Nashi ‘hrikhy’ (Our ‘sins’) 84 robsil’kory (worker-peasant correspondents) 84 Radians’ka Osvita (Soviet Education) journal 141,181 radio-broadcasting, Ukrainian 144 Radnarkom (Rada Narodnykh Komisariv, Council of Peoples Commissars) 43, 67, 80 Rakovs’kyi, Khrystian 52, 72 Ravich-Cherkasskii, Moisei 97 Red Army 15, 29-30, 34, 36-7, 50, 52-3, 55, 66, 68, 70,159, 180,183 Rév, István 11 Rondeli (Rondels) 38 Rozdolsky, Roman 148 RSDRP. See Social-Democratic Labour Party RSFSR. See Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Rudnyts’kyi, Stepan 119 Rusotiapstvo (mindless Russian chauvinism) 131 Russia (Russian) 1, 2, 5, 7, 9,13,17-20, 23-8, 34, 37, 50, 109, 120, 158,185, 187 Bolsheviks 29-30, 51 culture 5, 7, 9,109,120-1,133,142, 153, 156,187 Great Reforms in 199 n.l literature 2, 34, 108-9, 112, 143, 155, 209 n.76 multi-ethnic environment 194 n.26 Proletkult movement in 59,136 revival of Russian patriotism 196 n.37 revolution/revolutionary movement 35, 49, 97,112, 200 n.ll Russian writers to Kharkiv 1 Index Taganrog 51 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 51 Ukrainian-Russian relations 193-4 n.19 Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks (RKP[b]) Congress 6, 8, 50-1, 53, 56, 67 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Rossiiskaia Sovetskaia Federativnaia Sotsialisticheskaia Respublika, RSFSR) 56,141,157, 159 Russification 3-4,17, 23, 53, 77, 98,186 de-Russification 79, 97,115,186,194 n.23 Russified Ukrainians 80, 98,113,119 Ryl’s’kyi, Maksym 14, 33, 95,182 Savchenko, Iakiv 32, 85 Sawczak, Peter 138 Second All-Russian Congress of Political Education Departments 82 Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies 29 secret services in Ukraine 11,131-3,145, 151, 160-1,170,175,177, 195 n.27. See also State Political Directorate Selivanov’skyi, A. 136 Semenko, Mykhailo (Mykhaiľ) 32-3, 85, 154 Nova Generatsiia (New Generation) 165 on Tychyna 85 Senchenko, Ivan 148,167 Serafimovich, Aleksandr 155 Sergeev, Fedor (Artem) 51 Shakhovs’kyi, Semen 13,41,171 Shakhty trial in 1928 160-1 Shapoval, Iurii 161 Shapoval, Mykyta 28, 91,140 Shevchenko, Taras 139,155 Shidek, V. Ia. 173 Shiller, Friedrich 124 Shkandrij, Myroslav 193 n.19 Shkurupii, Geo 90,154 Shpol, Iulian 154 Shums’kyi, Oleksandr 16,100,109, 118-19, 123,128,132,142, 145, 220 n.77 Index accusations on 120,163 and Borot’bysty 34, 52, 57-8 Chervonyi Shliakh, editor 90,126 ‘Ideological Struggle in the Ukrainian Cultural Process’ 126 and Kaganovich 120-1,130,148 and Khvyl’ovyi 117-18,126-7 NEP 121 political campaigns against 185 proletarian Ukrainization 98,125 shums’kizm 131,162,177 and Stalin 119 Stara in Nova Ukraina (Old and New Ukraine) 91, 93 Skoropads’kyi, Pavlo 30-2 Skrypnyk, Mykolą 1, 51, 81,112,119,139, 152,162, 175,186 accusation on 175 Do teorii boroťby dvokh kul’tur (On the theory of the struggle of two cultures) 123 literary agenda of 143 opportunities to Soviet Ukraine 130 skrypnykivka 187 skrypnykivshchyna 163,177 suicide of 179 ‘The results of the literary discussion’ 142 Ukrainizatsiia 141-5 Slisarenko, Oleksa 5, 32,140,154 and Gorky 152-3, 224 n.49 ‘In the struggle for a Proletarian Aesthetics’ 125 slavic India 5,153 Slonim, Marc 190 Smolych, Iurii 21,101,148-9,152-3,166, 192 n.10 Social-Democratic Labour Party (Rossiiskaia SotsialDemokraticheskaia Rabochaia Partila, RSDRP) 28, 50 socialism 3-4, 9, 17, 34, 40,80,93, 122, 141,177,190 socialist movement 77, 97 socialist realism 4,10,15,171,173, 189-90,196 n.40,199 n.75 Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs) 22, 28, 52 261 Society of Ukrainian Progressivists (Tovarystvo Ukrains’kykh Postupovtsiv, TUP) 22-3 Sosiura, Volodymyr 41, 60,84,100,104, 127, 154-5 Soviet culture 1-2, 4-5, 6-10,15-16, 77, 83,100,110,114,117,123, 135, 142,156,188,190 ethnonational variants of 192 n.9 ‘unity in diversity’ 127 Soviet literature in Ukrainian 4,9,18, 78, 83, 100, 137,152, 169, 177 Soviet-Polish war 38,119 Soviet power 15-16, 34, 51,67-8, 80, 89, 130-1,160,179,189 Soviet republics 1-2, 7, 36, 51, 79,124, 132-3,153-5,159,177 resolution on literature 135 Soviet Republic in Ukraine 5,15,60, 123 Soviet Ukrainian culture 1-3,6, 8, 20, 187-8,190-1,199 n.75 oppositions of agents 3 promoters of 4 Soviet Ukrainian Government (Radnarkom) 43, 51,118 Soviet Ukrainian literature 4, 7-9,18, 78, 90,109, 115,123, 125, 133, 137, 148,152-3, 158, 170 Soviet-Ukrainian war 29 Soviet Ukrainian writers 7-9,21, 83,100, 127,135. See also specific writers in Artemivs’k 168 in Kharkiv 90 members of VUSPP 173 to Moscow 1-3,152-9 near Viis’kove village 135 Soviet Union 2, 6, 8,12,16, 73, 91, 96, 108-9,112, 115, 117,122, 124, 129, 133,139,141-2,145,153, 156,159, 179, 183 cultural policies in 194 n.20 suicides in 210 n.119 Sovnarkom decree 67, 204 n.112 Spengler, Oswald 106,122-3 Der Untergang des Abendlandes (The Decline of the West) 107 Stalinism 10,188,195 n.31 262 Stalin, Joseph 1,4, 7, 9-10,13,16, 57, 99, 120, 136,141, 147, 156,170-1,179, 182,191,219 n.43, 227 n.146 on Dni Turbinykh play 158 ‘The Foundation of Leninism’ 111 ‘Great-Russian chauvinism’ 79 and Khvyl’ovyi 120,124 nationalism 80,130 natsita and natsionaľnosť 156-7 and Shums’kyi 119 and Soviet Ukrainian writers 156-8 State Political Directorate (Gosudarstvennoie Politicheskoie Upravleniie, GPU) 12,131,161, 174,176. See also secret services in Ukraine file on Khvyl’ovyi 223 n.17 ‘Ob Ukrainskom Separatizme’ (On Ukrainian Separatism) report 131-2,160 svodki secret report 132,149 State Publishing House of Ukraine (Derzhavne Vydavnytstvo Ukrainy, DVU/Derzhvydav) 58,147,160 Stefan Karol’. See Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą Stetsenko, Кутую 44 Sturm und Drang group 107 Geniezeit (the Age of Genius) 113 Stus, Vasyl’ 172 Fenomen Doby (Skhodzhennia па Holhofu Slávy) (The Phenomenon of the Age (Ascending to the Golgotha of Fame)) 13 SVU. See Union for the Liberation of Ukraine Taran, F. 140 Tekhnomystetska hrupa A (Techno-artistic group A) group 144,166,168 Tel’niuk, Stanislav 13 Tesniak, Oleksa 158 Tobykovets’ 100 transnationalism 8 Trotsky, Leon 29, 72,123 Literature and Revolution 83 TsDAMLMU. See Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine Tsentral’na Rada (Central Council) 23,25-7, 30,35,50,85,201 n.47,202 n.58 Index First Universal (legal act-declaration) 26 Second Universal 27 Third Universal 27 Fourth Universal 30 TsK KP(b)U. See The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine TUP. See Society of Ukrainian Progressivists Twelfth Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks (RKP[bJ) Congress 6,8 Tychyna, Pavlo 2, 8-9,11,13-16,18, 32, 35, 40-2, 58, 83,92,100,104, 127-8, 130, 132,154-5, 163-4, 167, 183,188 accusation on 88 award/honor 183 Bielyi, i Blok (And Bely and Blok) 33 and Blakytnyi 86,89,171 Chernihiv 171-3 Chuttia Iedynoi Rodyny (Feelings of One Unified Family) 183 Chystyla maty kartopliu (Mother was peeling potato) 128 on conditions of Kyiv 44 criticism 85-6, 88-9, 171,184 as cultural agent 10,19 on death of Leontovych 44-5 departing Kyiv to Kharkiv 85-7 documents on 11-12 Do Koho Hovoryť? (To Whom to Talk?) 86-7 Duma pro Triokh Vitriv (A Duma on Three Winds) 28 early life and education 19-20 émigrés 46-7, 93-5 employment 22,24-5, 87, 90, 96 Enharmoniine (Enharmonic) 33 in Europe 91-4 Hei, Vdarte v Struny, Kobzari (Hey, Strike the Strings, Kobza Players!) 25 Holod (Famine) 45 lak Upav . (Whenhe fell.) 35-6 and Iefremov 88,163-4,170 intelihent z intelihentiv 130 international tour for learning 92 Index Iz Shchodennykovykh Zapysiv 199 n.4 Koriak on 88-9 Lenin, Narody Iduť (The Peoples are Coming) 182 letter to Komunist 128-9 Lysty do Poeta (Letters to the Poet) 46 and Malaniuk 95 Mizhplanetni Intervaly (Interplanetary Intervals) 33 and Mohylians’kyi 89 Nadhodylo Lito (Summer is on the Way) 87 Na Maidanі. (On the Square ,.) 35 Na Mohyli Shevchenka II (At Shevchenko’s Grave . II) 41 Na zminu (To take the turn) 180 Nenavysti Motet Syla (Oh Strength of my Hate) 87 Odchyniaite Dveri. (Open the Doors .)31 official surname of 199 nn.9-10 Oi, shcho v Sofiis’komu Zahraly Dzvony (Oh in Sophia the bells struck) 28 Pam’iaty Trydtsiaty (In Memory of the Thirty) 30 and Paparuk 86, 95, 204 n.94 Partita Vede (The Party Leads) 9, 180-2 Pisnia Chervonoi Armii (Song of the Red Army) 182 Pisnia Komsomol’tsiv (Song of Komsomol Members) 182 Pisnia Kuzni (Song of a Smithy) 182 Pisnia Traktorystky (Song of a Tractor Girl) 182 Pluh (The Plough) 15, 33, 35, 38-41, 48, 86,172 Po Blakytnomu Stepu (Along the azure steppe.) 31 poem dedicated to Mykhailychenko 37 poet laureate 179-84 Pokhoron Druha (Funeral of the Friend) 184 Povitrianyi Flot (Air Fleet) 182 to Prague 93-4 Prometei (Prometheus) 46 Psalom Zalizu (Psalm to Iron) 40-2 Rostu (I am Growing) 182 263 Samosud (Lynch-law) 128 self-portrait of 21 Semenko on 85 Shablia Kotovs’koho (Kotovs’kyis Sabre) 129 Skorbotna Maty III (Sorrowful Mother III) 31 Skovoroda, review of 93 Soniachni Klarnety (The Clarinets of the Sun) 33-4, 85, 88,93 Soviet ideology 89 Stara Ukraina Zminytysia Musyť (Old Ukraine Must Change) 171 transformation 47-8 Tvory и Dvanadtsiaty Tomakh 196 n.42 Velykym Brekhunam (To Big Liars) 86 Vidpovid’ Zemliakam (A Reply to my Countrymen) 86-7, 93 Viina I (War I) 30 Viter z Ukrainy (The Wind from Ukraine) 45, 87-9, 93,171 V Kosmichnomu Orkestri (In Cosmic Orchestra) 46-7, 85, 88 V Tsariakh Znaishly Svotu Õpiku і Ridniu (In Tsars you Found your Support and Kinship) 47 VUAN Academy 164,170 Vy Znaiete lak Lypa Shelestyť? (You Know How Linden RustleV) 20 Zahupalo v Dveri Prykladom (One Banged on the Door with a Rifle Butt) 45 Zamist’ Sonetiv i Oktav (Instead of Sonnets and Octaves) 15, 37-41, 93 Zelene Podillia (Green Podilia) 44 Zerov on 88 Zhyvemo Komunoiu, X (We Live as a Commune, X, 1920) 46, 87,171 Zolotyi Hornin (The Golden Harmony) 26-7, 36 Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAPTs) 132 Ukrainian Constituent Assembly 27 Ukrainian Freedom Day (Sviato Svobody) 24 Ukrainian language 3-4,7,17,20, 23, 37, 53,60,80-1,84, 98, 114 during civil war 75 264 periodicals of 22, 24 prohibition of 200 n.l 1 urban space 99 Ukrainian literature 1,4, 8-9,13,15,18, 23, 32-4, 60, 62, 83, 85, 90-6,122 Chervonyi Shliakh (Red Path) for 90-6 Russian perspective of 109 Ukrainian Military Organization (Ukrains’ka Viis’kova Orhanisatsiia, UVO) trial 160,163 Ukrainian National Centre (Ukrains’kyi Natsional’nyi Tsentr, UNTs) trial 160,163 Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries (UPSR) 2, 23,28-9, 202 n.58 Ukrainian Party of SocialistsRevolutionaries (Communists) (Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivRevoliutsioneriv (Komunistiv)) 34 Ukrainian Peoples Republic (Ukrains’ka Narodna Respublika, UNR) 5, 9, 15, 28-31, 36, 38,46, 50-2,86,132, 160,203 n.90 Ukrainian Revolution 16,25,28, 32, 36, 42, 49, 52, 93,138, 200 n.l7 Ukrainian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party ( Ukrains’ka SotsialDemokratychna Robitnycha Partita, USDRP) 23, 26, 28-9 Ukrainian Socialist-Federalist Party ( Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivFederalistiv, UPSF) 23 Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party ( Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivRevoliutsioneriv, UPSR) 23 Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (UkrSSR) 36, 51, 55-6, 80,183 anthem of 36 Ukrainization 3,25,81,85,97-9,119-20, 123,142,144,186,194 n.23,195 n.27 Ukrainizatsiia policy 6,15-16, 79-80, 85, 90, 96, 102-3, 106,113,115, 118-19, 121, 123, 125, 130, 159, 162, 164,185-7,194 n.23, 194 n.25 anti- Ukrainizatsiia 130-2,160 local agents in promoting 195 n.26 Skrypnyks 141-5 Ukrainian perspective of 97-9 Index Ukrainka, Lesia 43,85 Umantseva, Iuliia 66 Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (Spilka Vyzvolennia Ukrainy, SVU) trial 160-4,170 Union of Soviet Writers 7,16,189-90 Union of Soviet Writers of Ukraine 189-90 The Union of workshops of proletarian literary front (Ob’iednannia studii proletars’koho literaturnoho frontu PROLITFRONT) 165-9,173 UNR. See Ukrainian Peoples Republic UPSF. See Ukrainian Socialist-Federalist Party UPSR. See Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries urban-based culture 3,10, 56, 98-9,142, 186-7 Urbino, literary group 101,215 n.13 USDRP. See Ukrainian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Ushakov, Nikolai 181 VAPLITE (Vil’na Akademiia Proletars’koi Literatury (Free Academy of Proletarian Literature)) 3,101, 104-5,113-14,125-7,133-4, 136, 140, 143-4,147-9 Statute of 3,125,155,192 n.10 Vaplite: Almanakh (Vaplite: Almanac) 125 Vaplite: Zoshytpershyi (Vaplite: First Notebook) 125-6 Vaplite journal 125-6,136 Velyka Ukraina (Great Ukraine) 157 Vernads’kyi, Volodymyr 43 Viola, Lynn 42 Visti VUTsVK (VUTsVK News) newspaper 58,109,133,152 ‘The Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (from the SVU accusatory materials)’ 160 Volunteer Army of Denikin 37, 52 Voronyi, Mykolą 20, 37,85,164 ‘modernist manifesto’ of 1901 32 Vrazhlyvyi, Vasyl’ 100 Vseukrlitkom. See All-Ukrainian Literary Committee 265 Index Vsevydav. See All-Ukrainian Publishing House VUAN. See All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences VUFKU. See All-Ukrainian PhotoCinema Administration VUSPP. See All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Writers VUTsVK. See All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee Vynnychenko, Volodymyr 26, 32, 91,140, 183,214n.76 Vyshnia, Ostap 154-5,167,169, 223 n.13 War Communism 42-3,67,71 Western culture 106-7 West Ukrainian National Republic (Zakhidno-Ukrains’ka Narodna Respublika, ZUNR) 37 White Army 37-8, 53 White movement 37 working-class identity 7,17, 80, 82, 134 audiences 103,129 educated 78 Russian 35,113 Ukraine/Ukrainization 98,113,119, 123,142,186 Yekelchyk, Serhy 9,193 n.14 Yesenin, Sergei 95 Zabila, Natalia 154 Zahul, Dmytro 1, 32, 85,154-5 Zakhidnia Ukraina (Western Ukraine) literary group 144,168 Zalyvchyi, Andrii 33-4 Zatons’kyi, Volodymyr 81,90,121,126, 129,175, 207 n.51 Natsional’na problema na Ukraini (The national problem in Ukraine) 123 Tychyna, criticism of 129 zemstvo reform, Chernihiv 20,22, 199 n.2 Zerov, Mykolą 33, 44, 48, 56,101,107, 122,196 n.42,215 n.17 and Khvyľovyi 54-5, 74,109-11 on Tychyna 88 Zhdanov, Andrei 189 Zhovten (October) group 41, 60, 84,136, 139 Zhuk, Andrii 148, 223 n.l 1 Zhuk, Mykhailo 20 Zhulyns’kyi, Mykolą 178 zminovikhivtsi 160,162 ZUNR. See West Ukrainian National Republic Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Manchen v
adam_txt	Contents Illustrations viii Acknowledgements ix Note on transliteration and translation xi Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Part One Competing projects of Ukraine 17 1 ‘Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum: The National Revolution in Kyiv 19 2 In search of ‘a blue Savoy’: The Bolshevik revolution in Kharkiv 49 Part Two Debating Soviet culture in Ukraine 77 3 Towards Soviet literature in Ukrainian 79 4 Defending Soviet Ukrainian literature 97 Part Three Fitting in the Soviet canon 115 5 ‘Ukraine or Little RussiaThe battle for cultural autonomy in 1926 117 6 State appropriation of literature during the first Five-Year Plan 147 Epilogue 185 Notes 192 Bibliography 231 Index 252 Bibliography Primary Sources Archives Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Mista Kytevä (DAK) (State Archive of Kyiv). Haluzevyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Sluzhby Bezpeky Ukrainy (HDA SBU) (State Archives Department of the Security Service of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Hromads’kykh Ob’iednan’ Ukrainy (TsDAHOU) (Central State Archives of Public Organisations of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv-Muzei Literatury і Mystetstva Ukrainy (TsDAMLMU) (Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine). Tsentral’nyi Derzhavnyi Arkhiv Vyshchykh Orhaniv Vlady ta Upravlinnia Ukrainy (TsDAVOU) (Central State Archive of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine). Creative Writing Arena. 1 (1922). Dolenho, Mykhailo. Krytychni Etiudy. Kharkiv: DVU, 1925. Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyľ. Tvory и Dvokh Tomakh. Kyiv: Derzhlitvydav, 1958. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Po barvinkivs’komu raioni, Z bl’oknotu korespondenta. Kharkiv: DVU, 1930. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. ‘Iz zhyttiepysu popeliastoi korovy’. In Khvyľovyi, Tvory v dvokh tomakh 2: 347-53. Khvyľovyi, Mykolą. Odvertyi lyst do Volodymyra Koriaka’, Vaplite, 5 (1927): 158-73. Khvylovy, Mykolą. ‘Woodcocks’. 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Index All-Russian Constituent Assembly 22-3, 26-7,29 All-Soviet Congress of Soviet Writers 189 All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (Vseukrains’ka Akademiia Nauk, VUAN) 43,132,161,163-4,170 All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee (VUTsVK) 171 All-Ukrainian Committee of Assistance to Scholars ( Vseukrains’kyi komitet spryiannia vchenym) 44 All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies 29, 51,53, 56 All-Ukrainian Federation of Proletarian Writers and Artists (Vseukrains’ka Federatsiia Proletars’kykh Pys’mennykiv ta Myttsiv) 60 All-Ukrainian Federation of Revolutionary Soviet Writers 166, 167 All-Ukrainian Literary Committee (Vseukrains’kyi Literaturnyi Komitet, Vseukrlitkom) 35,41, 58-9 All-Ukrainian National Congress 25 All-Ukrainian Orthography Conference 157 All-Ukrainian Peasant Writers’ Union Pluh (Plough) 83,99,103,105,113, 152,154,168 joining the VUSPP 134 on mass literature 83-5 and Tychyna 87 writers of 102 All-Ukrainian Photo-Cinema Administration (Vseukrains’ke Foto-Kino Upravlinnia, VUFKU) 144 All-Ukrainian Publishing House (Vsevydav) 58 All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Creative Forces 60 All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Writers (Vseukrains’ka Spilka Proletars’kykh Pys’mennykiv, VUSPP) 113,132-7,143-4, 148, 151,154,165-6,168-9,173,189 All-Union Resolution on Literature 134 all-Union Soviet culture. See Soviet culture anti-Ukrainizatsiia 6,130-2,145,160 Antonenko-Davydovych, Borys 154,157, 164,184 Aspanfut (.Komunkul’t) literary organization 220 n.93 The Association of the Proletarian Writers, Hart (Tempering) 73,83-5,99, 103-4,133-4 Bez manifestu (Without a Manifesto) 84 members of 92,100,105 Nashe siohodni (Our Today) 137 Tychyna and 87,92 Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine 159 autobiographical writings 11,61-2 autonomy, Soviet Ukraine’s 5,17,19,46, 187-8 of art 32 cultural 3, 9-10,16, 58, 111, 115,117, 124,127,148,161,190,192 n.4 khvyl’ovizm 165,168 KP(b)U 179,185 literature 133,143 national-personal 27,201 n.47 national-territorial 23-6 Proletkult 60 VAPLITE 101,130 Avanhard (Avant-Garde) group 144,154, 165 avant-garde 88,122,159,199 n.75 founders of Ukranian 106 Index Averbakh, Leopold 167 Azarkh, Raisa 147,223 n.l Bahrianyi, Ivan 180 Balyts’kyi, Vsevolod 86,160 Battle of Kruty ЗО Bazhan, Mykolą 154-5,182 Bedny, Demian 155 Bila studia (White Studio) literary group 32 Bilets’kyi, Oleksandr 41,130,149 Biľshovyk Ukrainy (The Bolshevik of Ukraine) periodical 58,143 biographical approach 8,10-11,13 Blakytnyi. See Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl Bogdanov, Alexander 59 Boichukisty group. See Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine Bolsheviks/Bolshevism 2, 34-8,42-7, 52, 66,79,111-12,128,158, 179, 203 n.84 Bolshevik-led Soviet Republic in Ukraine 5 Boroťbysty and 35, 52, 56 and Comintern 57 Khvyl’ovyi and 11,13, 52 and local political forces 53 nationalism 80 occupation of Kyiv 30-1, 34 populism 14,178 proletarian culture 17,28,82 against Provisional Government 27 public support for 55, 67 revolution 10,17,43-4,49 revolutionary slogan of 67 Russian 29-30, 51 in Ukraine 50-5,80, 118 against Ukrainian nationalists 37 violence 44 Borot’ba (The Struggle) literary group 33, 35 Boroťbysty party 2-3, 34-5, 37,46, 56-7, 77, 84,97 All-Ukrainian Conference of 57 and Bolsheviks 35, 52, 56-8 and Comintern 57 cultural activities in Soviet Ukraine 58-9 Lenin’s Draft Resolution 57 253 Bourdieu, Pierre 10 bourgeois nationalism/nationalists 6,52, 55,119,121-2,127,147,162,177 Bukharin, Nikolai 71 Bulgakov, Nikolai, Belata Gvardiia (The White Guard) 157 censorship 11, 24,125,171 The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine (Komitet Komunistychnoi Partii Biľshovykiv Ukrainy, TsK KP(b)U) Department of Agitation and Propaganda 81 June Plenum (1926) 118,120-7,160 Politburo Resolution 167 resolution of 99,126,133,189,230 n.15 Central Powers 30-1, 50-1 Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine (TsDAMLMU) 10-11 chauvinism anti-Ukrainian 120 Russian (Great-Russian) 79,107,131, 142,156,158 Ukrainian 142,162 Cheka. See Extraordinary Committee for combating counter-revolution, Sabotage and Speculation Chekhivs’kyi, Volodymyr 161 Cherniakhivs’ka-Staryts’ka, Liudmyla 161 Cherniakhivs’kyi, Oleksandr 161 Chernihiv, Ukraine 19 Hromada group 20 zemstvo reform 20 Chervonyi Shliakh (Red Path) periodical 58,126,128,144, 177 political significance of 214 n.70 for Ukrainian literature 90-6 Chubar, Vlas 119,128-9 Pro Vyvykhy (On the deviations) 123 Tychyna, criticism of 128 Chumak, Vasyľ 33, 37, 62 Chykalenko, Ievhen 22-3,200 n.l 2 civil war 2,9,47, 50-2, 67, 80,128,188, 204 n.l 19 cultural life of Ukraine 38-9 end of 66 in Kyiv 31,42 254 project of proletarian culture 82 Russian 31 status of Ukrainian language during 75 Tychyna and 12,15,18-19, 35, 39 Ukrainian literature 137 Clark, Katerina 6,188,196 n.32 class war 44,141,164,167,170, 227 n.123, 230 n.2 Commissariat for Education (Narkomos) 35-6, 58, 85, 92, 100, 106, 119, 126-7, 140-1, 215 n.8 Communism 57, 61, 73, 81,110,112,118, 151,171, 174,177-8, 180 Communist International (Comintern) 57 Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine (KP(b)U) 2, 5, 8,11,16, 29, 73, 80, 98,100,147-8,163,165, 185,187,190 anti-communist opposition in 178 and Borot’bysty 57-8 central leadership authority 179 and Comintern 57 educational tasks 130 faction of 77,115 on history of 193 n. 18 ideological roots in 97 Khvyl’ovyi in 53 meeting in Taganrog 51 Party Plenum (1926) 16,115,145 resolution of 57 Third Congress 52 VIII All-Ukrainian KP(b)U conference 118 Communist Party of Western Ukraine (KPZU) 148 Constitutional Democratic Party 22 counter-revolutionary 12, 44, 73,125,132, 149, 162, 167, 170, 176,195 n.27 cultural development 23, 38, 111, 159,186 Moscow 3,8 Soviet Ukraine 8,16,101,103,120-2, 126,139,142, 153, 188 Ukraine 58,91,99,107,118,122,124, 135, 143, 191 cultural diplomacy 91 cultural projects in Soviet Ukraine 2-8, 58,190 autonomous 2, 9-10,16, 58, 111, 115, 117, 124, 127, 148, 161, 190, 192 n.4 Index during/after Bolshevik revolution 17 by KP(b)U 77 Moscow-centred 8 proletarian 82 separatist 4-5, 9,16,17,28,111, 114-15,159,190 cultural Sovietization in Ukraine 2,6-7, 10,188 Danylenko, Vasyľ 195 n.27 Denikin, Anton 33, 37, 53, 56 Diad’ko Mykolą (Uncle Mykolą). See Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą Dibrova, Volodymyr 227 n.156 Dniprovs’kyi, Ivan 84,108,148,154,167 Dni Turbinykh (The Days of the Turbins) play 157-8 Domontovych, Viktor. See Petrov, Victor Dontsov, Dmytro 13 Doroshkevych, Oleksandr 122,170 Dosvitnii, Oles 85, 92-4,100,105,133, 140,154,166-7 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 On the Development of the Literary Forces’ 125 Dovzhenko, Oleksandr 21,154,159 ‘On the Problem of Arts’ 125 Drach, Ivan 197 n.57 Drai-Khmara, Mykhailo 33 DVU. See State Publishing House of Ukraine education 22-3, 54, 72, 84,187 campaigns/programme 6, 81 educational institutes 21,42-3,141 literacy 6, 81-2, 84,103,186 mass education 20 political 82,103 Elian. See Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl Ellan-Blakytnyi, Vasyl 20-1, 33-5,41, 58, 73, 83, 85-6, 95, 100-1,104, 171 Bez manifestu (Without a Manifesto) 84 death of 89 and Khvyl’ovyi 58, 73,101 and Tychyna 86, 89,170 emigration, Ukrainian 13, 89, 91-4, 96, 148,196 n.33 émigrés 46-7, 91, 93-4, 96, 106 Index Ems decree 200 n.l 1 English literature 1,155 Epik, Hryhorii 154,166-8,177 executed renaissance (rozstriliane vidrodzhennia) paradigm 7,14,190, 196 n.33 Executive Committee of the Council of United Community Organizations (Ispolnitel’nyi Komitet Sověta Ob’edinemykh Obshchestvennykh Organizatsii, IKSOOO) 22, 24 Extraordinary Committee for combating counter-revolution, Sabotage and Speculation (Chrezvychainaia Komissio po Bor’be s Kontrrevoliutsiei і Sabotazhem, Cheka) 44,64,66, 86,131 famine 179-80 of 1921-2 45, 67 of 1932-3 174-5,185 Khvyl’ovyi on 175 fascism/fascist 73,123-4,139,147,163, 177, 218 n.35, 223 n.8 February Revolution 23-4, 50, 55, 80 fellow travellers 5,8, 88,90, 99-100,126, 129-30,152,162, 168 First All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviet Writers 189,203 n.90 First All-Ukrainian Military Congress 26, 201 n.36 Fitil’ov, Oleksandr 53 Fitzpatrick, Sheila 44,160 class war (soft vs. hard line) 230 n.2 Five-Year Plan, first 8,16,141,160,164, 167,172-3 Fowler, Mayhill C. 8,193 n.17,198 n.72 Free Cossacks units (vilne kozatstvo) 29, 52 Friche, Vladimir 155 Frunze, Mikhail 80 Futurism, Ukrainian 216 n.35 Fylypovych, Pavlo 33 Germany 31 German-backed Ukrainian government 50-1 Gershberg, Semen 179 Gorky, Maxim 20,155,159 Mať (Mother) 152 255 Slisarenko and 152-3, 224 n.49 Ukrainian language and 153 GPU. See State Political Directorate Grabowicz, George 61,172,197 n.51, 198-9 n.74 Great-Russian chauvinism 79, 107, 131, 142,156,158 Hagen, Mark von 14 Hart (Tempering), journal of VUSPP 136-7,165 Hermaize, Iosyp 161 Hetmanate, Ukraine 19, 203 n.66 high culture 3, 9, 78, 84,103,105,110 High Stalinism 10,164,193 n.14 Hirchak, Ievhen 122 Na dva fronta v bor’be s natsionalizmom (On Two Fronts in the Struggle with Nationalism) 125 historical identity of Ukraine 230 n.10 Hlobenko, Mykolą 12 on Khvyl’ovyi 192 n.4 Holovko, Andrii 154 Horoshanin, Valerii 160 Hromada group 20 Hrono literary group 213 n.41 Hrushevs’kyi, Mykhailo 22-4, 32,118, 122,163,186 Hryn, Halyna 14 Ukrainization 195 n.27 Hryn’ko, Hryhorii 58, 90 Iakovenko, Hryts’ko 102 Iakubs’kyi, B. 83 Ialovyi, Mykhailo 90,100,105,126,133, 140,147,167 accusation and arrest 126,176 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 Ianovs’kyi, Iurii 108,148,154,167,169 Iashek, Mykolą 101 Desiat’ rokiv ukrains’koi literatury (Ten years of Ukrainian Literature) 83 Iavors’kyi, Matvii 163-4, 230 n.10 Iefremov, Serhii 34,42, 92,122,161 and Tychyna 88,163-4,170 IKSOOO. See Executive Committee of the Council of United Community Organizations industrialization 80-1, 111, 171,175,186 256 intelligentsia 11,18, 20, 24, 32 Kyiv’s 23,42-3 Soviet bureaucracy and 193 n.14 toiling intelligentsia (trudiashcha intelihentsia) 179 Ukrainian 23, 34, 38, 52, 89,102, 109-10,119,131-2,161,195 n.27 internationalism 80, 93,120,133,135 International Union of Proletarian and Revolutionary Literature (Mizhnarodna Orhanizatsiia Proletars’koi ta Revoliutsiinoi Literatury, MOPRL) 169 Iohansen, Maik 41, 60, 84,149,154,166 on Kharkiv’s growth 56 Iura, Hnat 154 Iurynets, Volodymyr 41, 63,124,126 Kaganovich, Lazar 119-20,126,131,147 address to Ukrainian delegates 155-6 and Shums’kyi 120-1,130,148 Katerynoslav, Ukraine 28, 51 Kerensky, Alexander 23, 27 Kerzhentsev, Platon 1,155 Kharkiv, Ukraine 2-3, 7,15, 28-9,41,43, 46.48, 66,133, 179, 195 n.29 establishment of Soviet government 17 as industrial centre 55-6 Iohansen on growth of 56 Kharkiv orthography 187 Pilnyak visit to 109 political capital 55 Soviet Ukrainian writers in 90 Ukrainian communists in 6 Khrystiuk, Pavlo 126 Khvylia, Andrii 90,101,124,134,148,175 Iasnoiu Dorohoiu (On a clear path) 123 Vid ukhylu v prirvu . (From Deviation into Abyss) 125,139 Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą 1, 3, 5,8-11,14-16, 18.41.48, 54, 56, 59, 78, 84, 95, 100, 104, 108,121, 132,140, 148, 154,162-3,166-8,184 accusations on 73,102,110,120,122, 126,136,223 n.8 Apoiohety Pysarysmu (Apologists of Scribbling) 101,107,117,120 Arabesky (Arabesques) 61 autobiographical nature of 61-2 Index Chumakivs’ka Komuna (Chumak’s Commune) 62 communard 62,72-3,118 contribution in Literary Discussion 101-2 Asiatic Renaissance 101,111-14 ‘Europe’ 101,104-11,142 proletarian art 101,114 prosvita 101-3,106, 111, 137 criticism against 110,122,124,139, 147.211n.147 Cultural Renaissance 208 n.69 documents on 11 Dumky proty Tech։։ (Thoughts against the Current) 101,104,106,120 early life (and/in politics) 49-50 and Ellan-Blakytnyi 58,73,101 in Europe 147-8 expulsion from VAPLITE 133 fictional characters of 62-6,68-73,75, 137-9,173-4 formalism, charges of 73,82,136 Free Cossacks by 29, 52 at Golovpolitosvita 58, 72 GPU’s file on 223 n.17 against hierarchy 103,114 la (Romantyka) (My self (Romanticism)) 64-5,102 Iakovenko and 102 illness of 147 Ivan Ivanových 150-1 Iz zhyttiepysu popeliastoi korovy (From the life-story of an ashy-grey cow) 174 Kamo Hriadeshy? (Quo Vadis?) 101, 103, 111, 120 to Kharkiv 58 Kharkivs’kyi Proletar (Kharkiv Proletariat) 161 Khvyl’ovizm 13,123,131,161,165, 168, 177,218 n.35 Knyha Sioma (Book Seven) 150 Kolonii, Vily (Colonies, villas) 68 and Koriak 59, 61,136 Kostiuk on 53,165, 208 n.70 in KP(b)U 53 Kulish on 140 Lehenda (The Legend) 63 letter to Mohylians’kyi 73-4,109,112 Index Liliuli 63-4 and Liubchenko (Arkadii) 175-6 Maibutni Shakhtari (Future Miners) 173 Moskovski Zadrypanky (Moscow’s Dusty Backwaters) 117,122 Na ozera (To the Lakes) 61 narration (first-person voice) of 61,63 non-existence of 12-13 Osin’ (Autumn) 61 Ostannii Deri (The Last Day) 173 Po barvinkivs’komu raioni (Around the Barvinkove district) 174 Podiaka Pryvatnoho Likaria (Gratitude of the Private Doctor) 66 political campaigns against 185 Povisť pro Sanatoriinu Zonu (A Tale of a Sanatorium) 70,151 for proletariat 125 Pro Liubov (About Love) 173 recantations 139,147-9,161 Redactor Kark 70, 73 in Red Army 53, 55 repentant 133,148 revolutionary slogans 75,121,123,127, 139,161 revolution/revolutionary romanticism 8,61-5, 67-72,74-5, 138, 188 romantic vitaism 61,109,112 and Russian Proletkult 216 n.50 Sentymentalna Istoriia (Sentimental Tale) 64, 69 Shchaslyvyi Sekretar (A Happy Secretary) 173 Shliakhetne Hnizdo 68 and Shums’kyi 117-18,126-7 Stalin and 120,124 suicide of 9,11,175-9,188 death note 176,178 Syliuety (Silhouettes) 62, 72 Syni Etiudy (Blue Etudes) 60, 74 Synii Lystopad (Blue November) 62,69 trips to Soviet Ukraine’s provinces 174 Tvory u P’iaťokh Tomakh 197 n.42, 215 n. 16, 223 n.l and Tychyna 48,130 Ukraina chy Malorosiia? (Ukraine or Little Russia?) 5,101,124,137, 139-40,149,153,161 257 on Ukrainizatsiia 139 Val’dshnepy (The Woodcocks) 102, 137-40,147-9,161 and VAPLITE (see VAPLITE) Vstupná novela (The Introductory Novelette) 61 on VUSPP 136-7 and Zerov 54-5, 74 Zhyttia (Life) 64 Kievlianin newspaper 29, 202 n.58 Klen, Iurii 33,44 Koliada, Geo (Hryhorii), Futur Extra 85-6 kolkhoz (kolhospna) 174,180 Komunist/Kommunist 58, 89, 98,140, 148-9, 207 n.50 allegations on Tychyna 128-9 Kopylenko, Oleksandr 149 korenizatsiia policy 3, 6-7,15, 77, 97-8, 113,115, 118,130,141,162,175, 185-7 and growth 131 hard-line 131,185, 230 n.2 lack of educated speakers 103 and mass movements 82-5 soft-line 185, 230 n.2 in Ukraine 79-82,121,145 Koriak, Volodymyr4, 41,84,126,133, 136 accusation on 136 and Khvyl’ovyi 59, 61,136 Orhanizatsiia Zhovtnevoi Literatury 193 n.ll on Tychyna 88-9 Ukrains’ka Literatura 197 n.58 V Boiakh: Statti in Vystupy 197 n.58 Korniichuk, Oleksandr 183 Kosior, Stanislav 162 Kostiuk, Hryhorii 53, 165,208 n.70 Kotsiubyns’kyi, Mykhailo 20 Kovalenko, Borys 133,182 Kozel’s’kyi, Borys 160 KP(b)U. See Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine KPZU. See Communist Party of Western Ukraine Kratochvil, Alexander 151 Kulish, Mykolą 105,126-7,133,140,154, 165-9, 175 ‘kultura’vs. ‘khaltura’ 3,110 258 Kulyk, Ivan 84,126, 153,155,157, 182 Kurbas, Les’ (Oleksandr) 32,106,159 Kviring, Emanuel 51 Kyiv Commercial Institute 21 Kyiv State University 42-3,182 Kyiv, Ukraine 17,19-20, 22,24, 28, 38,46, 55-6, 66, 202 n.55,205 n.123 capture of 30-1 cultural and literary activities in 32 economic crisis in 42-5 intelligentsia 23, 42-3 military parade at St Sophia Square 28 Tsentraľna Rada (see Tsentral’na Rada (Central Council)) Volunteer Army in 37 young writers in 24 Kyrylenko, Ivan 154 Lavrinenko, Iurii 33, 73,182 Le, Ivan 133,154 Lebed, Dmitrii 98,122,126 Left Socialist-Revolutionaries 34 Leites, Oleksander 101,130,140 Desiat’ rokiv ukrains’koi literatury (Ten years of Ukrainian Literature) 83 on Tychyna 88 Leninism 14, 81,120 Lenin, Vladimir 2, 34, 51-2, 56-7, 72-3, 81, 113,128, 131,140, 156, 171, 209 n.107,212 n.19. See also Bolsheviks/Bolshevism on art 83 bureaucracy 67 civic literacy 82 death of (commemoration) 73, 87 Leontovych, Mykolą 44, 86 death of 44-5 Liber, George 186,212 n.ll, 230 n.7 liknep campaign 81 literary developments 7,152,169,191,193 nn.15-16 Literary Discussion of 1925-8 2, 5, 8,15, 73, 75,82, 99-102, 115,118, 122-3, 125-6,132,135,140, 142, 170,185 literary organization 3-4,16, 60, 83-5, 104-5,143,152,189.See also specific organizations independent 133,165 mass 84-5,99,102-3 Index proletarian 75 state-controlled 83,133-5 Literatura і Mystetstvo (Literature and Art) 152,181 Literaturna Hazeta (Literary Gazette) periodical 152,165 Literaturno-Naukovyi Visnyk journal 20, 22,24 Literaturnyi Iarmarok (The Literary Fair) 149-52,161,165-7,170 Khvylbvyi, role of 149 Literaturnyi Tsekh (Literary Guild) periodical 167 Little-Russianism (rozkhliabane malorosiistvo) 93,96 Liubchenko, Arkadii 105,147-8,154,166, 175 Ioho Taiemnytsia (His Secret) 175,228 n.177 and Khvylbvyi 175-6 Liubchenko, Panas 34, 58,161,219 n.71 Lunacharsky, Anatoly 1,133,155 Maiorov, Mykhailo 151 Malaniuk, Ievhen 93 Na mezhi dvokh epokh (At the turn of two eras) 93 Poslanie (Epistle) 95 and Tychyna 95 MARS (Maisternia revoliutsiinoho slova (The Workshop of the Revolutionary Word)) 137,221 n.119 Martin, Terry 6,230 n.2 Marxism/Marxist 14, 34, 82, 111, 124,126, 139,156 Marx, Karl 2, 72,150,156 mass culture 3, 9,103,114,186 Mayakovski, Vladimir 155,177 modernism/modernization 7, 9,15-16, 19, 32,41, 55-6,80, 98,186-7 Mohylians’kyi, Mykolą 88-9 letter from Khvylbvyi 73-4,109,112 private collections of 196 n.42 Molodniak (The Union of Komsomol Writers) 152,154,168, 224 n.44 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact 183 Momot, Ivan 166 MOPRL. See International Union of Proletarian and Revolutionary Literature Index Moscow 13,16, 34-5,48, 52,77, 96-7, 108,114,117,120,185,190 Bolsheviks in 36, 53, 77 cultural developments 3,8 delegates from Soviet Ukraine 1-3,152-9 Kharkiv and 179 Soviet authorities in 175 Mukhin, Mykhailo 95 Murashko, Oleksandr 44,86 Muraviov, Mikhail 30 Muzahet (Musagetes) literary group 33 Mykhailychenko, Hnat 4, 33-4, 37, 52, 58 ‘Theses on the New Proletarian Art’ 60 Mykytenko, Ivan 1,134,153,155,183 Mystetstvo (Art) journal 33, 35, 58 Nash Universal (Our Universal) 60 National Amateur Choir Chapel 45 national communists 13-14, 52, 56-7, 96, 132,178 national cultures 3, 6, 32, 79-81,136,156, 159 national identity 3-6, 9, 79,97-8,186 nationalism 130,132,139, 143, 149, 158 bourgeois 6, 52, 55,119,121-2,127, 147,162,177 local 6,13, 80,162 Ukrainian 89,130,165,185 nationalities policy, Soviet 6-7, 77, 79, 97, 131-2,156,177,194 n.26. See also korenizatsiia policy; Ukrainizatsiia policy neoklasyky (neoclassicists) group 33,106, 122, 135,154,189,203 n.72 New Economic Policy (NEP) 67-72,74, 121,137,151 Nicholas II22, 50 Nikovs’kyi, Andrii 161,170 NKVD commission 11,182,185-6 non-Soviet writers 5,154,158 Nova Rada journal 24-5,28, 30, 33 Nova Ukraina (New Ukraine) journal 91-2 Novychynko, Leonid 13 Nytchenko, Dmytro 223 n.13, 226 n.102 on Partita Vede 181-2 October Revolution 9,14-15,41,108,152, 179,182 Ohloblin, Mykolą. See Hlobenko, Mykolą 25 9 Olesha, Iurii 155, 227 n.146 Olympians 101-2,110,113,170 OPOJAZ group (Society for the Study of Poetic Language (Obshchestvo izuchenija POeticheskogo JAZyka)) 208 n.70 Oswald Burkhard. See Klen, Iurii Panch, Petro 100,167,183 Panchenko, Mykhailo 58-9,100 Paparuk, Lidiia 86, 95, 204 n.94 Pauly, Matthew 80,162,215 n.8 Pavlyshyn, Marko 193 n.19 peasants/peasantry 34,49-51, 56, 67, 80, 134,185-6 leaders (otamans) 31 revolutionary 83-4,202 n.58 Ukrainian/Ukrainian-speaking 35,60, 70,80-1, 98,168 urbanized 114,186 Pervomais’kyi, Leonid 154 Petliura, Symon 38,183 Petrenko, Pavlo (O. Gan) 50 Petrograd, Russia 17,23, 50 Provisional Government in 22-3, 26-7, 29, 50 Petrov, Victor 43-4 P’ianov, Volodymyr 86,183 Piatakov, Georgii 51 Pidmohyľnyi, Valerian 154, 215 n.22 Pilnyak, Boris 1,7, 155, 208 n.76 visit to Kharkiv 109 Pluzhnyk, Ievhen 154 Poland 55, 217 n.12,219 n.72 polemic 5, 93,101-2,117,125,136,165, 218 n.20 Polishchuk, Valerian 59,83, 92,94-5,154, 157, 165 Polons’ka-Vasylenko, Natalia 43 Poltava, Ukraine 23,27-8,175 post-colonial literary criticism 193 n. 19 Postyshev, Pavlo 175 Pravda newspaper 179-82 proletarian culture 3-9,12,15-16,17-18,33, 35,41,44,46-8,55-6,59-61,75,82-3, 99-101,103,112,133,135-6,142 literary front 164-70 Proletkult movement (1917) 59-61, 75, 82,84,136,207 n.55 260 PROLITFRONT. See The Union of workshops of proletarian literary front Prolitfront periodical 166-7,169 pro-Soviet writers 4, 60, 84, 90 prosvita 20, 25, 50,103,106 provincial/provincialism 3-4, 6,16,19, 55, ПО, 113, 124, 138-9 Pylypenko, Serhii 83, 85, 100-1,153-5 massivism (masovizm) 84 Nashi ‘hrikhy’ (Our ‘sins’) 84 robsil’kory (worker-peasant correspondents) 84 Radians’ka Osvita (Soviet Education) journal 141,181 radio-broadcasting, Ukrainian 144 Radnarkom (Rada Narodnykh Komisariv, Council of Peoples Commissars) 43, 67, 80 Rakovs’kyi, Khrystian 52, 72 Ravich-Cherkasskii, Moisei 97 Red Army 15, 29-30, 34, 36-7, 50, 52-3, 55, 66, 68, 70,159, 180,183 Rév, István 11 Rondeli (Rondels) 38 Rozdolsky, Roman 148 RSDRP. See Social-Democratic Labour Party RSFSR. See Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Rudnyts’kyi, Stepan 119 Rusotiapstvo (mindless Russian chauvinism) 131 Russia (Russian) 1, 2, 5, 7, 9,13,17-20, 23-8, 34, 37, 50, 109, 120, 158,185, 187 Bolsheviks 29-30, 51 culture 5, 7, 9,109,120-1,133,142, 153, 156,187 Great Reforms in 199 n.l literature 2, 34, 108-9, 112, 143, 155, 209 n.76 multi-ethnic environment 194 n.26 Proletkult movement in 59,136 revival of Russian patriotism 196 n.37 revolution/revolutionary movement 35, 49, 97,112, 200 n.ll Russian writers to Kharkiv 1 Index Taganrog 51 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 51 Ukrainian-Russian relations 193-4 n.19 Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks (RKP[b]) Congress 6, 8, 50-1, 53, 56, 67 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Rossiiskaia Sovetskaia Federativnaia Sotsialisticheskaia Respublika, RSFSR) 56,141,157, 159 Russification 3-4,17, 23, 53, 77, 98,186 de-Russification 79, 97,115,186,194 n.23 Russified Ukrainians 80, 98,113,119 Ryl’s’kyi, Maksym 14, 33, 95,182 Savchenko, Iakiv 32, 85 Sawczak, Peter 138 Second All-Russian Congress of Political Education Departments 82 Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies 29 secret services in Ukraine 11,131-3,145, 151, 160-1,170,175,177, 195 n.27. See also State Political Directorate Selivanov’skyi, A. 136 Semenko, Mykhailo (Mykhaiľ) 32-3, 85, 154 Nova Generatsiia (New Generation) 165 on Tychyna 85 Senchenko, Ivan 148,167 Serafimovich, Aleksandr 155 Sergeev, Fedor (Artem) 51 Shakhovs’kyi, Semen 13,41,171 Shakhty trial in 1928 160-1 Shapoval, Iurii 161 Shapoval, Mykyta 28, 91,140 Shevchenko, Taras 139,155 Shidek, V. Ia. 173 Shiller, Friedrich 124 Shkandrij, Myroslav 193 n.19 Shkurupii, Geo 90,154 Shpol, Iulian 154 Shums’kyi, Oleksandr 16,100,109, 118-19, 123,128,132,142, 145, 220 n.77 Index accusations on 120,163 and Borot’bysty 34, 52, 57-8 Chervonyi Shliakh, editor 90,126 ‘Ideological Struggle in the Ukrainian Cultural Process’ 126 and Kaganovich 120-1,130,148 and Khvyl’ovyi 117-18,126-7 NEP 121 political campaigns against 185 proletarian Ukrainization 98,125 shums’kizm 131,162,177 and Stalin 119 Stara in Nova Ukraina (Old and New Ukraine) 91, 93 Skoropads’kyi, Pavlo 30-2 Skrypnyk, Mykolą 1, 51, 81,112,119,139, 152,162, 175,186 accusation on 175 Do teorii boroťby dvokh kul’tur (On the theory of the struggle of two cultures) 123 literary agenda of 143 opportunities to Soviet Ukraine 130 skrypnykivka 187 skrypnykivshchyna 163,177 suicide of 179 ‘The results of the literary discussion’ 142 Ukrainizatsiia 141-5 Slisarenko, Oleksa 5, 32,140,154 and Gorky 152-3, 224 n.49 ‘In the struggle for a Proletarian Aesthetics’ 125 slavic India 5,153 Slonim, Marc 190 Smolych, Iurii 21,101,148-9,152-3,166, 192 n.10 Social-Democratic Labour Party (Rossiiskaia SotsialDemokraticheskaia Rabochaia Partila, RSDRP) 28, 50 socialism 3-4, 9, 17, 34, 40,80,93, 122, 141,177,190 socialist movement 77, 97 socialist realism 4,10,15,171,173, 189-90,196 n.40,199 n.75 Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs) 22, 28, 52 261 Society of Ukrainian Progressivists (Tovarystvo Ukrains’kykh Postupovtsiv, TUP) 22-3 Sosiura, Volodymyr 41, 60,84,100,104, 127, 154-5 Soviet culture 1-2, 4-5, 6-10,15-16, 77, 83,100,110,114,117,123, 135, 142,156,188,190 ethnonational variants of 192 n.9 ‘unity in diversity’ 127 Soviet literature in Ukrainian 4,9,18, 78, 83, 100, 137,152, 169, 177 Soviet-Polish war 38,119 Soviet power 15-16, 34, 51,67-8, 80, 89, 130-1,160,179,189 Soviet republics 1-2, 7, 36, 51, 79,124, 132-3,153-5,159,177 resolution on literature 135 Soviet Republic in Ukraine 5,15,60, 123 Soviet Ukrainian culture 1-3,6, 8, 20, 187-8,190-1,199 n.75 oppositions of agents 3 promoters of 4 Soviet Ukrainian Government (Radnarkom) 43, 51,118 Soviet Ukrainian literature 4, 7-9,18, 78, 90,109, 115,123, 125, 133, 137, 148,152-3, 158, 170 Soviet-Ukrainian war 29 Soviet Ukrainian writers 7-9,21, 83,100, 127,135. See also specific writers in Artemivs’k 168 in Kharkiv 90 members of VUSPP 173 to Moscow 1-3,152-9 near Viis’kove village 135 Soviet Union 2, 6, 8,12,16, 73, 91, 96, 108-9,112, 115, 117,122, 124, 129, 133,139,141-2,145,153, 156,159, 179, 183 cultural policies in 194 n.20 suicides in 210 n.119 Sovnarkom decree 67, 204 n.112 Spengler, Oswald 106,122-3 Der Untergang des Abendlandes (The Decline of the West) 107 Stalinism 10,188,195 n.31 262 Stalin, Joseph 1,4, 7, 9-10,13,16, 57, 99, 120, 136,141, 147, 156,170-1,179, 182,191,219 n.43, 227 n.146 on Dni Turbinykh play 158 ‘The Foundation of Leninism’ 111 ‘Great-Russian chauvinism’ 79 and Khvyl’ovyi 120,124 nationalism 80,130 natsita and natsionaľnosť 156-7 and Shums’kyi 119 and Soviet Ukrainian writers 156-8 State Political Directorate (Gosudarstvennoie Politicheskoie Upravleniie, GPU) 12,131,161, 174,176. See also secret services in Ukraine file on Khvyl’ovyi 223 n.17 ‘Ob Ukrainskom Separatizme’ (On Ukrainian Separatism) report 131-2,160 svodki secret report 132,149 State Publishing House of Ukraine (Derzhavne Vydavnytstvo Ukrainy, DVU/Derzhvydav) 58,147,160 Stefan Karol’. See Khvyl’ovyi, Mykolą Stetsenko, Кутую 44 Sturm und Drang group 107 Geniezeit (the Age of Genius) 113 Stus, Vasyl’ 172 Fenomen Doby (Skhodzhennia па Holhofu Slávy) (The Phenomenon of the Age (Ascending to the Golgotha of Fame)) 13 SVU. See Union for the Liberation of Ukraine Taran, F. 140 Tekhnomystetska hrupa A (Techno-artistic group A) group 144,166,168 Tel’niuk, Stanislav 13 Tesniak, Oleksa 158 Tobykovets’ 100 transnationalism 8 Trotsky, Leon 29, 72,123 Literature and Revolution 83 TsDAMLMU. See Central State Archive of Literature and Arts of Ukraine Tsentral’na Rada (Central Council) 23,25-7, 30,35,50,85,201 n.47,202 n.58 Index First Universal (legal act-declaration) 26 Second Universal 27 Third Universal 27 Fourth Universal 30 TsK KP(b)U. See The Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine TUP. See Society of Ukrainian Progressivists Twelfth Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks (RKP[bJ) Congress 6,8 Tychyna, Pavlo 2, 8-9,11,13-16,18, 32, 35, 40-2, 58, 83,92,100,104, 127-8, 130, 132,154-5, 163-4, 167, 183,188 accusation on 88 award/honor 183 Bielyi, i Blok (And Bely and Blok) 33 and Blakytnyi 86,89,171 Chernihiv 171-3 Chuttia Iedynoi Rodyny (Feelings of One Unified Family) 183 Chystyla maty kartopliu (Mother was peeling potato) 128 on conditions of Kyiv 44 criticism 85-6, 88-9, 171,184 as cultural agent 10,19 on death of Leontovych 44-5 departing Kyiv to Kharkiv 85-7 documents on 11-12 Do Koho Hovoryť? (To Whom to Talk?) 86-7 Duma pro Triokh Vitriv (A Duma on Three Winds) 28 early life and education 19-20 émigrés 46-7, 93-5 employment 22,24-5, 87, 90, 96 Enharmoniine (Enharmonic) 33 in Europe 91-4 Hei, Vdarte v Struny, Kobzari (Hey, Strike the Strings, Kobza Players!) 25 Holod (Famine) 45 lak Upav . (Whenhe fell.) 35-6 and Iefremov 88,163-4,170 intelihent z intelihentiv 130 international tour for learning 92 Index Iz Shchodennykovykh Zapysiv 199 n.4 Koriak on 88-9 Lenin, Narody Iduť (The Peoples are Coming) 182 letter to Komunist 128-9 Lysty do Poeta (Letters to the Poet) 46 and Malaniuk 95 Mizhplanetni Intervaly (Interplanetary Intervals) 33 and Mohylians’kyi 89 Nadhodylo Lito (Summer is on the Way) 87 Na Maidanі. (On the Square ,.) 35 Na Mohyli Shevchenka II (At Shevchenko’s Grave . II) 41 Na zminu (To take the turn) 180 Nenavysti Motet Syla (Oh Strength of my Hate) 87 Odchyniaite Dveri. (Open the Doors .)31 official surname of 199 nn.9-10 Oi, shcho v Sofiis’komu Zahraly Dzvony (Oh in Sophia the bells struck) 28 Pam’iaty Trydtsiaty (In Memory of the Thirty) 30 and Paparuk 86, 95, 204 n.94 Partita Vede (The Party Leads) 9, 180-2 Pisnia Chervonoi Armii (Song of the Red Army) 182 Pisnia Komsomol’tsiv (Song of Komsomol Members) 182 Pisnia Kuzni (Song of a Smithy) 182 Pisnia Traktorystky (Song of a Tractor Girl) 182 Pluh (The Plough) 15, 33, 35, 38-41, 48, 86,172 Po Blakytnomu Stepu (Along the azure steppe.) 31 poem dedicated to Mykhailychenko 37 poet laureate 179-84 Pokhoron Druha (Funeral of the Friend) 184 Povitrianyi Flot (Air Fleet) 182 to Prague 93-4 Prometei (Prometheus) 46 Psalom Zalizu (Psalm to Iron) 40-2 Rostu (I am Growing) 182 263 Samosud (Lynch-law) 128 self-portrait of 21 Semenko on 85 Shablia Kotovs’koho (Kotovs’kyis Sabre) 129 Skorbotna Maty III (Sorrowful Mother III) 31 Skovoroda, review of 93 Soniachni Klarnety (The Clarinets of the Sun) 33-4, 85, 88,93 Soviet ideology 89 Stara Ukraina Zminytysia Musyť (Old Ukraine Must Change) 171 transformation 47-8 Tvory и Dvanadtsiaty Tomakh 196 n.42 Velykym Brekhunam (To Big Liars) 86 Vidpovid’ Zemliakam (A Reply to my Countrymen) 86-7, 93 Viina I (War I) 30 Viter z Ukrainy (The Wind from Ukraine) 45, 87-9, 93,171 V Kosmichnomu Orkestri (In Cosmic Orchestra) 46-7, 85, 88 V Tsariakh Znaishly Svotu Õpiku і Ridniu (In Tsars you Found your Support and Kinship) 47 VUAN Academy 164,170 Vy Znaiete lak Lypa Shelestyť? (You Know How Linden RustleV) 20 Zahupalo v Dveri Prykladom (One Banged on the Door with a Rifle Butt) 45 Zamist’ Sonetiv i Oktav (Instead of Sonnets and Octaves) 15, 37-41, 93 Zelene Podillia (Green Podilia) 44 Zerov on 88 Zhyvemo Komunoiu, X (We Live as a Commune, X, 1920) 46, 87,171 Zolotyi Hornin (The Golden Harmony) 26-7, 36 Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAPTs) 132 Ukrainian Constituent Assembly 27 Ukrainian Freedom Day (Sviato Svobody) 24 Ukrainian language 3-4,7,17,20, 23, 37, 53,60,80-1,84, 98, 114 during civil war 75 264 periodicals of 22, 24 prohibition of 200 n.l 1 urban space 99 Ukrainian literature 1,4, 8-9,13,15,18, 23, 32-4, 60, 62, 83, 85, 90-6,122 Chervonyi Shliakh (Red Path) for 90-6 Russian perspective of 109 Ukrainian Military Organization (Ukrains’ka Viis’kova Orhanisatsiia, UVO) trial 160,163 Ukrainian National Centre (Ukrains’kyi Natsional’nyi Tsentr, UNTs) trial 160,163 Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries (UPSR) 2, 23,28-9, 202 n.58 Ukrainian Party of SocialistsRevolutionaries (Communists) (Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivRevoliutsioneriv (Komunistiv)) 34 Ukrainian Peoples Republic (Ukrains’ka Narodna Respublika, UNR) 5, 9, 15, 28-31, 36, 38,46, 50-2,86,132, 160,203 n.90 Ukrainian Revolution 16,25,28, 32, 36, 42, 49, 52, 93,138, 200 n.l7 Ukrainian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party ( Ukrains’ka SotsialDemokratychna Robitnycha Partita, USDRP) 23, 26, 28-9 Ukrainian Socialist-Federalist Party ( Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivFederalistiv, UPSF) 23 Ukrainian Socialist-Revolutionary Party ( Ukrains’ka Partita SotsialistivRevoliutsioneriv, UPSR) 23 Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (UkrSSR) 36, 51, 55-6, 80,183 anthem of 36 Ukrainization 3,25,81,85,97-9,119-20, 123,142,144,186,194 n.23,195 n.27 Ukrainizatsiia policy 6,15-16, 79-80, 85, 90, 96, 102-3, 106,113,115, 118-19, 121, 123, 125, 130, 159, 162, 164,185-7,194 n.23, 194 n.25 anti- Ukrainizatsiia 130-2,160 local agents in promoting 195 n.26 Skrypnyks 141-5 Ukrainian perspective of 97-9 Index Ukrainka, Lesia 43,85 Umantseva, Iuliia 66 Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (Spilka Vyzvolennia Ukrainy, SVU) trial 160-4,170 Union of Soviet Writers 7,16,189-90 Union of Soviet Writers of Ukraine 189-90 The Union of workshops of proletarian literary front (Ob’iednannia studii proletars’koho literaturnoho frontu PROLITFRONT) 165-9,173 UNR. See Ukrainian Peoples Republic UPSF. See Ukrainian Socialist-Federalist Party UPSR. See Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries urban-based culture 3,10, 56, 98-9,142, 186-7 Urbino, literary group 101,215 n.13 USDRP. See Ukrainian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party Ushakov, Nikolai 181 VAPLITE (Vil’na Akademiia Proletars’koi Literatury (Free Academy of Proletarian Literature)) 3,101, 104-5,113-14,125-7,133-4, 136, 140, 143-4,147-9 Statute of 3,125,155,192 n.10 Vaplite: Almanakh (Vaplite: Almanac) 125 Vaplite: Zoshytpershyi (Vaplite: First Notebook) 125-6 Vaplite journal 125-6,136 Velyka Ukraina (Great Ukraine) 157 Vernads’kyi, Volodymyr 43 Viola, Lynn 42 Visti VUTsVK (VUTsVK News) newspaper 58,109,133,152 ‘The Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (from the SVU accusatory materials)’ 160 Volunteer Army of Denikin 37, 52 Voronyi, Mykolą 20, 37,85,164 ‘modernist manifesto’ of 1901 32 Vrazhlyvyi, Vasyl’ 100 Vseukrlitkom. See All-Ukrainian Literary Committee 265 Index Vsevydav. See All-Ukrainian Publishing House VUAN. See All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences VUFKU. See All-Ukrainian PhotoCinema Administration VUSPP. See All-Ukrainian Union of Proletarian Writers VUTsVK. See All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee Vynnychenko, Volodymyr 26, 32, 91,140, 183,214n.76 Vyshnia, Ostap 154-5,167,169, 223 n.13 War Communism 42-3,67,71 Western culture 106-7 West Ukrainian National Republic (Zakhidno-Ukrains’ka Narodna Respublika, ZUNR) 37 White Army 37-8, 53 White movement 37 working-class identity 7,17, 80, 82, 134 audiences 103,129 educated 78 Russian 35,113 Ukraine/Ukrainization 98,113,119, 123,142,186 Yekelchyk, Serhy 9,193 n.14 Yesenin, Sergei 95 Zabila, Natalia 154 Zahul, Dmytro 1, 32, 85,154-5 Zakhidnia Ukraina (Western Ukraine) literary group 144,168 Zalyvchyi, Andrii 33-4 Zatons’kyi, Volodymyr 81,90,121,126, 129,175, 207 n.51 Natsional’na problema na Ukraini (The national problem in Ukraine) 123 Tychyna, criticism of 129 zemstvo reform, Chernihiv 20,22, 199 n.2 Zerov, Mykolą 33, 44, 48, 56,101,107, 122,196 n.42,215 n.17 and Khvyľovyi 54-5, 74,109-11 on Tychyna 88 Zhdanov, Andrei 189 Zhovten (October) group 41, 60, 84,136, 139 Zhuk, Andrii 148, 223 n.l 1 Zhuk, Mykhailo 20 Zhulyns’kyi, Mykolą 178 zminovikhivtsi 160,162 ZUNR. See West Ukrainian National Republic Bayerische Staatsbibliothek Manchen v
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author	Palko, Olena
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author_facet	Palko, Olena
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contents	'Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum': The National Revolution in Kyiv -- In Search of 'a blue Savoy': The Bolshevik Revolution in Kharkiv -- Towards Soviet Literature in Ukrainian -- Defending Soviet Ukrainian Literature -- 'Ukraine or Little Russia': The Battle for Cultural Autonomy in 1926 -- State Appropriation of Literature during the First Five-Year Plan
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)1241669111 (DE-599)BVBBV047105699
discipline	Geschichte Slavistik
discipline_str_mv	Geschichte Slavistik
era	Geschichte 1920-1939 gnd
era_facet	Geschichte 1920-1939
format	Thesis Book
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047105699</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20221013</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t\|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210126s2021 xx ac\|\| bm\|\| 00\|\|\| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781788313056</subfield><subfield code="c">hardcover</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-78831-305-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1241669111</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047105699</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-521</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">KL 4015</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)78292:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">NQ 5055</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)128530:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Palko, Olena</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1229006818</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Making Ukraine Soviet</subfield><subfield code="b">literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin</subfield><subfield code="c">Olena Palko</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney</subfield><subfield code="b">Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc</subfield><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xiii, 265 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">19 Illustrationen und Porträts, Karte</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Library of modern Russia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="502" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">Dissertation</subfield><subfield code="c">University of East Anglia</subfield><subfield code="g">geht aus einer Dissertation hervor</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">'Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum': The National Revolution in Kyiv -- In Search of 'a blue Savoy': The Bolshevik Revolution in Kharkiv -- Towards Soviet Literature in Ukrainian -- Defending Soviet Ukrainian Literature -- 'Ukraine or Little Russia': The Battle for Cultural Autonomy in 1926 -- State Appropriation of Literature during the First Five-Year Plan</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Making Ukraine Soviet examines the process of cultural sovietisation in Ukraine during the interwar years. Engaging with a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including literary and archival material, Palko grounds her argument in the cases of poet Pavlo Tychyna and prosaist Mykola Khvyl'ovyi. Through this unique biographical lens, Palko's skilled analysis of cultural construction sheds fresh light on the complex process of establishing the Soviet regime in Ukraine and offers both a timely re-assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and the relationship between national identity, the arts, and the Soviet state"--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="600" ind1="1" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč</subfield><subfield code="d">1893-1933</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)119523124</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="600" ind1="1" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Tyčyna, Pavlo</subfield><subfield code="d">1891-1967</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)118763296</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1920-1939</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield 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genre	(DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content
genre_facet	Hochschulschrift
geographic	Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd
geographic_facet	Ukraine Sowjetunion
id	DE-604.BV047105699
illustrated	Illustrated
index_date	2024-07-03T16:24:44Z
indexdate	2025-02-06T21:00:14Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781788313056
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032511985
oclc_num	1241669111
open_access_boolean
owner	DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-521
owner_facet	DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-521
physical	xiii, 265 Seiten 19 Illustrationen und Porträts, Karte
psigel	BSB_NED_20210326
publishDate	2021
publishDateSearch	2021
publishDateSort	2021
publisher	Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc
record_format	marc
series2	Library of modern Russia
spelling	Palko, Olena Verfasser (DE-588)1229006818 aut Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin Olena Palko London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 2021 xiii, 265 Seiten 19 Illustrationen und Porträts, Karte txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Library of modern Russia Dissertation University of East Anglia geht aus einer Dissertation hervor 'Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum': The National Revolution in Kyiv -- In Search of 'a blue Savoy': The Bolshevik Revolution in Kharkiv -- Towards Soviet Literature in Ukrainian -- Defending Soviet Ukrainian Literature -- 'Ukraine or Little Russia': The Battle for Cultural Autonomy in 1926 -- State Appropriation of Literature during the First Five-Year Plan "Making Ukraine Soviet examines the process of cultural sovietisation in Ukraine during the interwar years. Engaging with a wide range of primary and secondary sources, including literary and archival material, Palko grounds her argument in the cases of poet Pavlo Tychyna and prosaist Mykola Khvyl'ovyi. Through this unique biographical lens, Palko's skilled analysis of cultural construction sheds fresh light on the complex process of establishing the Soviet regime in Ukraine and offers both a timely re-assessment of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict and the relationship between national identity, the arts, and the Soviet state"-- Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč 1893-1933 (DE-588)119523124 gnd rswk-swf Tyčyna, Pavlo 1891-1967 (DE-588)118763296 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1920-1939 gnd rswk-swf Kulturpolitik (DE-588)4033581-1 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetisierung (DE-588)4181897-0 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine / History / 1921-1944 Ukraine / Politics and government / 1917-1945 Ukraine / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 Soviet literature / History and criticism Ukrainian literature / 20th century / History and criticism National characteristics, Ukrainian Communism / Ukraine Social change / Ukraine / History / 20th century Tychyna, Pavlo Hryhorovych / 1891-1967 / Criticism and interpretation Khvylʹovyĭ, Mykola / 1893-1933 / Criticism and interpretation Khvylʹovyĭ, Mykola / 1893-1933 Tychyna, Pavlo Hryhorovych / 1891-1967 Communism Politics and government Social change Soviet literature Ukrainian literature Ukraine 1900-1999 Criticism, interpretation, etc History (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Tyčyna, Pavlo 1891-1967 (DE-588)118763296 p Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč 1893-1933 (DE-588)119523124 p Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 g Sowjetisierung (DE-588)4181897-0 s Kulturpolitik (DE-588)4033581-1 s Geschichte 1920-1939 z DE-604 Äquivalent Druck-Ausgabe, Paperback 2022 978-1-350-23092-7 (DE-604)BV047559206 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-1-3501-4270-1 (DE-604)BV047274636 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-3501-4271-8 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register
spellingShingle	Palko, Olena Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin 'Above Kyiv there is a Golden Hum': The National Revolution in Kyiv -- In Search of 'a blue Savoy': The Bolshevik Revolution in Kharkiv -- Towards Soviet Literature in Ukrainian -- Defending Soviet Ukrainian Literature -- 'Ukraine or Little Russia': The Battle for Cultural Autonomy in 1926 -- State Appropriation of Literature during the First Five-Year Plan Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč 1893-1933 (DE-588)119523124 gnd Tyčyna, Pavlo 1891-1967 (DE-588)118763296 gnd Kulturpolitik (DE-588)4033581-1 gnd Sowjetisierung (DE-588)4181897-0 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)119523124 (DE-588)118763296 (DE-588)4033581-1 (DE-588)4181897-0 (DE-588)4061496-7 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4113937-9
title	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
title_auth	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
title_exact_search	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
title_exact_search_txtP	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
title_full	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin Olena Palko
title_fullStr	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin Olena Palko
title_full_unstemmed	Making Ukraine Soviet literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin Olena Palko
title_short	Making Ukraine Soviet
title_sort	making ukraine soviet literature and cultural politics under lenin and stalin
title_sub	literature and cultural politics under Lenin and Stalin
topic	Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč 1893-1933 (DE-588)119523124 gnd Tyčyna, Pavlo 1891-1967 (DE-588)118763296 gnd Kulturpolitik (DE-588)4033581-1 gnd Sowjetisierung (DE-588)4181897-0 gnd
topic_facet	Chvylʹovyj, Mykola Hryhorovyč 1893-1933 Tyčyna, Pavlo 1891-1967 Kulturpolitik Sowjetisierung Ukraine Sowjetunion Hochschulschrift
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032511985&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT palkoolena makingukrainesovietliteratureandculturalpoliticsunderleninandstalin

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