Vital forces, teleology and organization: philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cham, Switzerland
Springer
[2018]
|
| Series: | History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences
volume 21 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | xxii, 137 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9783319654140 |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents Generation: The Debate Over the Formative Force and the Question of Ontogenesis.................................................................................................. 1 Introduction and Outline: Ontogenesis and the Legacy of the Haller-Wolff Debate........................................................................ 2 Diverging Views of Epigenesis: Wolff and Blumenbach on Teleology........................................................................................... 2.1 Epigenesis Without Purpose: Wolff and the Nutritive Force................................................................. 2.2 Goal-Directed Organization: Blumenbach and the Bildungstrieb................................................................... 3 An Unstable Middle Position: Kant on Teleology and Organization................................................................................... 3.1 The Technique of Nature.............................................................. 3.2 Organized Beings and Machines.................................................. 4 From Chemistry to Organization: Reilon the Vital Force..................... 5 Concluding Remarks............................................................................. Functions: The Göttingen School and the Physiology of Vital Forces................................................................................................. 1 Introduction and Outline: The Göttingen School as a Historical Category........................................................................ 2 Building Blocks of the
Göttingen School: Haller on Sensibility and Irritability................................................................ 3 Foundations of the Göttingen School: Vital Forces in Blumenbach’s Physiology................................................................. 4 Core of the Göttingen School: Kielmeyer’s Lecture as the Program for a General Biology................................................... 5 Explanatory Framework of the Göttingen School: Link and the Organic Forces as an Autonomous Research Program............ 6 Kielmeyer and Link on Naturphilosophie............................................. 7 Concluding Remarks............................................................................. 1 1 6 6 10 14 14 22 26 31 33 33 36 40 42 47 50 55 xiii
XIV Contents Classification: Naturphilosophie and the Reform of Natural History....... 1 Introduction and Outline: Natural History and Naturphilosophie............................................................................. 2 Blumenbach on Natural History............................................................. 3 The “Kantian Principle” for Natural History........................................ 3.1 Kant on the Concept of Race: A New Principle for Natural History?...................................................................... 3.2 Ideas so Monstrous that Reason Recoils Before Them: Kant on Transformism.................................................................. 3.3 Original Stem-Species: Kant and Girtanner on Archetypes............................................................................... 4 The Unity of Type in Goethe’s Morphology......................................... 4.1 Metamorphosis as Idealized Epigenesis...................................... 4.2 The Metamorphosis of Animals................................................... 5 Animal Classification in Schelling’s Naturphilosophie........................ 5.1 A New Era of Natural History..................................................... 5.2 Animal Classification in the Erster Entwurf................................ 6 Natural History and Naturphilosophie in LorenzOken.......................... 6.1 Naturphilosophie as a Foundation for Biology............................ 6.2 The Animal Kingdom and Human Anatomy: Oken’s
Classification.................................................................... 7 Concluding Remarks.............................................................................. 57 Biology: Treviranus and the Life Sciences as a Unified Field.................... 1 Introduction and Outline: A New Scene of Inquiry.............................. 2 Life and Vital Force............................................................................... 3 Nature as an Organism........................................................................... 4 The Levels of the Organic...................................................................... 5 Ecology and Transformism.................................................................... 6 Teleology and Organization................................................................... 7 Concluding Remarks.............................................................................. 91 91 94 98 101 106 110 112 Conclusion: Hegel on Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization............... 1 Introduction and Outline: Hegel as a Philosophical Reporter............... 2 The Limits of Observing Reason: The Critique of Naturphilosophie in the Phenomenology of Spirit............................ 3 Teleology and the Idea of Life: The Critique to Kant in էհշ Science of Logic........................................................................... 4 General Conclusion............................................................................... 115 115 References 129 57 63 65 65 68 70 72 72 74 78 78 81 83 83 86 89 118 123 127
History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences Andrea Gambarotto Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization Philosophy of Nature and the Rise of Biology in Germany this book oliers a comprehensive account ol vitalism and the Romantic philosophy ot nature, the author explores the rise of biologę՛ as a unified science in Germany by reconstructing the history ol the notion of “vital force,” starting from the mid eighteenth through the earl}՛ nineteenth century. Further, he argues that Romantic Naturphilosophie played a crucial role in the rise oi biology in Germany, especially thanks to its treatment of teleology. In fact, both post-Kantian philosophers and naturalists were guided by teleological principles in defining the object of biological research. Tire book begins by considering the problem ot generation, focusing on the debate over the notion ol “formative force.” Readers are invited to eirgage with the epistemological status of this formative torce, i.e. the question of the principle behind organization. The second chapter protides a reconstruction of the physiology of vital forces as it was elaborated in the mid- to late-eighteenth century by the group of physicians and naturalists known as the “Göttingen School.” Readers are shown how these authors developed an understanding of the animal kingdom as a graded series of organisms with increasing functional complexity. Chapter three tracks the development of such framework in Romantic Naturphilosophie. The author introduces the reader to the problem of classification, showing how Romantic philosophers of nature
regarded classification as articulated by a unified plan that connects all living forms with one another, relying on the idea of living nature as a universal organism. In the closing chapter, this analysis shows how the three instances of pre-biological discourse on lir ing beings ֊ theory of generation, physiology and natural history ֊ converged to form the consolidated disciplinary matrix ot a general biology. T he book offers an insightful read for all scholars interested in classical German philosophy, especially those researching the philosophy of nature, as well as the history and philosophy of biologę՛.
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Contents Generation: The Debate Over the Formative Force and the Question of Ontogenesis. 1 Introduction and Outline: Ontogenesis and the Legacy of the Haller-Wolff Debate. 2 Diverging Views of Epigenesis: Wolff and Blumenbach on Teleology. 2.1 Epigenesis Without Purpose: Wolff and the Nutritive Force. 2.2 Goal-Directed Organization: Blumenbach and the Bildungstrieb. 3 An Unstable Middle Position: Kant on Teleology and Organization. 3.1 The Technique of Nature. 3.2 Organized Beings and Machines. 4 From Chemistry to Organization: Reilon the Vital Force. 5 Concluding Remarks. Functions: The Göttingen School and the Physiology of Vital Forces. 1 Introduction and Outline: The Göttingen School as a Historical Category. 2 Building Blocks of the
Göttingen School: Haller on Sensibility and Irritability. 3 Foundations of the Göttingen School: Vital Forces in Blumenbach’s Physiology. 4 Core of the Göttingen School: Kielmeyer’s Lecture as the Program for a General Biology. 5 Explanatory Framework of the Göttingen School: Link and the Organic Forces as an Autonomous Research Program. 6 Kielmeyer and Link on Naturphilosophie. 7 Concluding Remarks. 1 1 6 6 10 14 14 22 26 31 33 33 36 40 42 47 50 55 xiii
XIV Contents Classification: Naturphilosophie and the Reform of Natural History. 1 Introduction and Outline: Natural History and Naturphilosophie. 2 Blumenbach on Natural History. 3 The “Kantian Principle” for Natural History. 3.1 Kant on the Concept of Race: A New Principle for Natural History?. 3.2 Ideas so Monstrous that Reason Recoils Before Them: Kant on Transformism. 3.3 Original Stem-Species: Kant and Girtanner on Archetypes. 4 The Unity of Type in Goethe’s Morphology. 4.1 Metamorphosis as Idealized Epigenesis. 4.2 The Metamorphosis of Animals. 5 Animal Classification in Schelling’s Naturphilosophie. 5.1 A New Era of Natural History. 5.2 Animal Classification in the Erster Entwurf. 6 Natural History and Naturphilosophie in LorenzOken. 6.1 Naturphilosophie as a Foundation for Biology. 6.2 The Animal Kingdom and Human Anatomy: Oken’s
Classification. 7 Concluding Remarks. 57 Biology: Treviranus and the Life Sciences as a Unified Field. 1 Introduction and Outline: A New Scene of Inquiry. 2 Life and Vital Force. 3 Nature as an Organism. 4 The Levels of the Organic. 5 Ecology and Transformism. 6 Teleology and Organization. 7 Concluding Remarks. 91 91 94 98 101 106 110 112 Conclusion: Hegel on Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization. 1 Introduction and Outline: Hegel as a Philosophical Reporter. 2 The Limits of Observing Reason: The Critique of Naturphilosophie in the Phenomenology of Spirit. 3 Teleology and the Idea of Life: The Critique to Kant in էհշ Science of Logic. 4 General Conclusion. 115 115 References 129 57 63 65 65 68 70 72 72 74 78 78 81 83 83 86 89 118 123 127
History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences Andrea Gambarotto Vital Forces, Teleology and Organization Philosophy of Nature and the Rise of Biology in Germany 'this book oliers a comprehensive account ol vitalism and the Romantic philosophy ot nature, 'the author explores the rise of biologę՛ as a unified science in Germany by reconstructing the history ol the notion of “vital force,” starting from the mid eighteenth through the earl}՛ nineteenth century. Further, he argues that Romantic Naturphilosophie played a crucial role in the rise oi biology in Germany, especially thanks to its treatment of teleology. In fact, both post-Kantian philosophers and naturalists were guided by teleological principles in defining the object of biological research. Tire book begins by considering the problem ot generation, focusing on the debate over the notion ol “formative force.” Readers are invited to eirgage with the epistemological status of this formative torce, i.e. the question of the principle behind organization. The second chapter protides a reconstruction of the physiology of vital forces as it was elaborated in the mid- to late-eighteenth century by the group of physicians and naturalists known as the “Göttingen School.” Readers are shown how these authors developed an understanding of the animal kingdom as a graded series of organisms with increasing functional complexity. Chapter three tracks the development of such framework in Romantic Naturphilosophie. The author introduces the reader to the problem of classification, showing how Romantic philosophers of nature
regarded classification as articulated by a unified plan that connects all living forms with one another, relying on the idea of living nature as a universal organism. In the closing chapter, this analysis shows how the three instances of pre-biological discourse on lir ing beings ֊ theory of generation, physiology and natural history ֊ converged to form the consolidated disciplinary matrix ot a general biology. T he book offers an insightful read for all scholars interested in classical German philosophy, especially those researching the philosophy of nature, as well as the history and philosophy of biologę՛. |
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| spelling | Gambarotto, Andrea Verfasser (DE-588)1151234966 aut Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany Andrea Gambarotto Cham, Switzerland Springer [2018] xxii, 137 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences volume 21 Dissertation Vitalismus (DE-588)4188439-5 gnd rswk-swf Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 s Vitalismus (DE-588)4188439-5 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-319-65415-7 History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences volume 21 (DE-604)BV041130276 21 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032291575&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032291575&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Gambarotto, Andrea Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany History, philosophy and theory of the life sciences Vitalismus (DE-588)4188439-5 gnd Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd |
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| title | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany |
| title_auth | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany |
| title_exact_search | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany |
| title_full | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany Andrea Gambarotto |
| title_fullStr | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany Andrea Gambarotto |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vital forces, teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany Andrea Gambarotto |
| title_short | Vital forces, teleology and organization |
| title_sort | vital forces teleology and organization philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in germany |
| title_sub | philosophy of nature and the rise of biology in Germany |
| topic | Vitalismus (DE-588)4188439-5 gnd Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd |
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