The burden of the past: history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine
"In a century marked by totalitarian regimes, genocide, mass migrations, and shifting borders, the concept of memory in Eastern Europe is often synonymous with notions of trauma. In Ukraine, memory mechanisms were disrupted by political systems seeking to repress and control the past in order t...
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Sprache: | English |
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Bloomington, Indiana
Indiana University Press
[2020]
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Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
Zusammenfassung: | "In a century marked by totalitarian regimes, genocide, mass migrations, and shifting borders, the concept of memory in Eastern Europe is often synonymous with notions of trauma. In Ukraine, memory mechanisms were disrupted by political systems seeking to repress and control the past in order to form new national identities supportive of their own agendas. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, memory in Ukraine was released, creating alternate visions of the past, new national heroes, and new victims. This release of memories led to new conflicts and "memory wars." How does the past exist in contemporary Ukraine? The works collected in The Burden of the Past focus on commemorative practices, the politics of history, and the way memory influences Ukrainian politics, identity, and culture. The works explore contemporary memory culture in Ukraine and the ways in which it is being researched and understood. Drawing on work from historians, sociologists, anthropologists, psychologists, and political scientists, the collection represents a truly interdisciplinary approach. Taken together, the groundbreaking scholarship collected in The Burden of the Past provides insight into how memories can be warped and abused, and how this abuse can have lasting effects on a country seeking to create a hopeful future"-- |
Beschreibung: | Includes index |
Beschreibung: | ix, 307 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Diagramme |
ISBN: | 9780253046710 9780253046703 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a The burden of the past |b history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |c edited by Anna Wylegała and Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper |
264 | 1 | |a Bloomington, Indiana |b Indiana University Press |c [2020] | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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CONTENTS Note on Transliteration List ofAbbreviations vii ix Introduction / Anna Wylęgała and Małgorzata Głowacka- Grajper і Part I The Memory of Holodomor x Idle, Drunk, and Good for Nothing: Cultural Memory of the Rank-and-File Perpetrators of the 1932-33 Famine in Ukraine / Daria Mattingly 19 2 The Lieux de Mémoire of the Holodomor in the Cultural Landscape of Modern Ukraine / Wiktoria Kudela-Świątek 49 Part II World War II in the Ukrainian Memory 3 The War of Memory in Times of War: May 9 Celebrations in Kyiv in 2014-15 / Tetiana Pastushenko 77 4 (In)difFerent Memory: World War II in the Memory of the Last War’s Generation in Ukraine / Mykolą Borovyk 91 Part III Heroes or Traitors: Creating a Heroic Canon 5 Symon Petliura, the Ukrainian People’s Republic, and National Commemoration in Contemporary Ukraine / Matthew D. Pauly 117 6 Glory to the Heroes? Gender, Nationalism, and Memory / Olesya Khromeychuk 140 Part IV Traces of the Lost Multiethnicity and Memory of the Ethnic Cleansing 7 Memory, Monuments, and the Project of Nationalization in Ukraine: The Case of Chernivtsi / Karolina Koziura 167 8 Collective Memory of the Holocaust in Post-Soviet Ukraine / Anna Chebotarova 183
vi I Contents 9 Extermination of the Roma in Transnistria during World War II: Construction of the Roma Collective Memory / Anna Abakunova 206 10 Poland and Poles in the Collective Memory of Galician Ukrainians / Anna Wylęgała 229 Part V History and Politics in a Post-Soviet State: Ukraine, Russia, and Independence 11 Ukraine between the European Union and Russia since 1991: Does It Have to Be a Battlefield of Memories? / Tomasz Stryjek 253 12 A Desired but Unexpected State: The 1990s in the Memory and Perception of Ukrainians in the 21st Century / Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin 277 Index 299
INDEX Abakunova, Anna, 9,11 Abramson, Henry, 120 Alison, Miranda, 152 All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik), 259, 271 Amar, Tarik Cyril, 185 amnesia: and Great Famine, 53; and Holocaust, 185 Anderson, Benedict, 183 Angelina, Pasha, 27-28 Anti-Fascist Committee of Ukraine, 130 antimemorials, 69 “Arch of Friendship of Nations,” Kyiv, 83 army-nation, 152 Artem, Fyodor, 125 Asadchev, Valerii, 124 Ash, Timothy Garton, 278 Assmann, Aleida, 134-35,208,224, 232, 246 Auge, Marc, 54 Auschwitz, 199 Ausländer, Rose, 170 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 168,169,170,190 Avanposty (Krylenko), 35-36 Baal Shem Tov, 195-96 Babi Yar executions, 96,187 Badior, Dariia, 134 Balta mass-killing site, 10,194-95,197 Bandera, Stepan, 1, ւշոշօ, 9б, 145,149,257,258,273 banderites (banderivitsi): in heroic discourse, 99-105; as term, 1,96 Ban Ki-moon, 82 Barka, Vasyľ, 38,39 Beniuk, Bohdan, 132 Bernhard, Michael, 11,270-71 Bernsand, Niklas, 172 Billig, Michael, 94 biographical experience, 10,11,91-93,147,184,197,198, 240 biographical memory: 9,10,11; vs. collective memory, 236; of ethnic cleansing of Poles, 236, 240,245, 247mi; of Holocaust, 184,194,197-98; of World War II, 91-94.110Ո53 biographical sociology, 5 bipolar or double-heritage approach, 200 Bitter Memory of Childhood statue, 63, 64 Black Book, The, 188,202Ո36 Blacker, Uilleam, 184,186-87 Blocha, Alexi, 59 Bloodlands (Snyder), 23 Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Martha, 144 Bohun, Volodymyr, 125-27,130 Bolsheviks: church desecration by, 59; defiance of, 117; described as Jewish, 41; jargon of, 21; Petliura and, 117; portrayal in fiction, 19, 35; as term, 106
Borovyk, Mykolą, 9,10 Borysenko, Valentyna, 23 Brown, Judy, 85 Browning, Christopher, 22 Buhaichuk, Viktor, 131 Buiko, Heorhii, 130 Burden of Dreams (Wanner), 8 Burds, Jeffrey, 147 Bush, George W., 265 bystander role, as shifting, 4,5 “Candle of Memory” Holodomor Victims Memorial, Kyiv, 50-51, 62-63, 64-66, 67-68 Celan, Paul, 170 cemeteries: and Holodomor, 53-55, 58, 60-61,71Ո30; Jewish, 194,195; and Petlura, 133 Central Committee of the Communist Party [Bolshevik] of Ukraine (CCCP[b]U), 30,32, 33,34,35 Chebotarova, Anna, 9,10 Chekists: uniform of, 36; described as Jewish, 40-41 Chernivtsi: cityscape of, 10,168-79; ethnic groups in, 169,171-72,176,177; memory in, 169,171,173; streets renamed, 178 Chôma doshka (Doliak), 40-42 Chornobyl, 190 Chudowsky, Victor, 288 Chutnik, Sylwia, 149 cityscape, 10,168-79 collaboration: with Nazis, 101,126,131,155Ո25, 215; with Soviets, 99 collaborator role: as shifting, 4; Soviets on, 190 collective memory: 2,3,8-9; vs. biographical memory, 236; in Chernivtsi, 169,171,173; effect of EU and Russia on, 253,258, 263-54, 264, 267,270, 273; of Galician Ukrainians, 229-46; of Holodomor, 50,51, 55, 69; of Holocaust, 10,183-200; limits of, 103,107; in memorials, 50-51, 55, 69; in memory studies, 92; and Petliura, 121; Poles in, 229-46; of Roma, 11,20624,225Ո6, 227Ո81; as term, 208, 247Ո5; in Ukraine, 4-8; of World War II, 92-94,103-108,143 collectivization, 49 299
Зоо ļ Index commemoration: 4, 8,10; and EU, 273; of Holocaust, 187,188,189,201Ո27, 202Ո35; of Holodomor, 51, 52-69,71m; of Heavenly Hundred, 168,178; of nationalist movement, 141-54; of perpetrators, 257; of Petliura, 117-35,136Ո44; in place-making, 173; and Roma, 210, 220, 221,223; of victims, 255; of World War II, 77-87.93.189 Committees of Nonwealthy Peasants (KNS), 25-27 Commonwealth of Poland, 232 communism: nostalgia for, 3,4,107,176,261,279,287, 292,294; elites under, 107; suppression of memory under, 2-3; symbols prohibited, 80 Communist Party of Ukraine (KPU): and Holodomor, 49.259-60,262, 264; and Petliura, 125,130 community memory, 9, 51, 57, 58,104,107,183-84, 206, 210,223,229, 231,241, 242,245, 263 “Competing Victimhood” (Jilge), 186 competitive victimhood, 186,191 Confino, Aion, 51 Connerton, Paul, 199 Cooke, Miriam, 142,147,153 Cossacks: gender and, 152; in nationalism, 178,190,263; and military tradition, 151,178; Petliura and, 129; Tiutiunyk and, 136Ո38; on Ukraine coin, 140 Crimea, annexation by Russia, 1,7,10,77,79, 80,87Ո15, 103,188, 253,270, 290, 294 Danse macabre (Kasianov), 49-50 Day of Defender of the Fatherland holiday, 141,152, 264,274Ո21 Day of Defender of Ukraine holiday, 140-41 Day of Victory holiday, 10,78-79,86,150,264,267-68, 269-70 Day of Memory and Reconciliation holiday, 83,86,150, 202Ո35,269-70 decommunization, 80,131,132, 202Ո35 dekulakization, 26, 28 Demchenko, Maria, 27-28 Denysko, Hanna, 124-25 deixis, 94 democracy, 278-89 denazification, 80 desovietization, 6,11,123,168,173,178,256-66,268, 272 detotalitarianization, 253-73 diaspora,
Ukrainian, 19,33,38, 40,42,49, 55, 58,68, 70-71Ո24,99,176,177,185,186 Dietsch, Johan, 186 Dimarov, Anatoliy, 36-37 Djebabla, Mourad, 58 Doliak, Natalia, 40-42 Donbas, conflict with Russia in, 1,10,77,79,83,85,86, 87Ո15,108Ո2,125,140,141,145,149,151-52,154Ո2, i88, 253,263, 264,268, 270, 271 Dontsov, Dmytro, 144 Dubois, Patrick, 188 Dukyn, Mykolą, 36 Dun, Olena, 21 Eastern Orthodox Church, 59,268 economic crisis of 1990s, 279-81 Eichmann, Adolf, 22, 37,220 Einsatzgruppen, 183,258 Elam, Yigal, 208 ethnic cleansing: Holocaust as, 2; in Galicia, 7, 229, 234-237; nationalist, 131,145,185,234-37,257, 258; and Petliura, 102; as term, 237-38; in Volhynia,io2,237, 266; in World War II, 142-43 ethnic markers for self-description, 106-107 Etkind, Alexander, 186-87 Euromaidan protests: 1,10; and Heavenly Hundred, 168-69,178-79; May 9 celebrations and, 77,82; and Petliura, 131-32; and politics of memory, 270-71; and social role of history, 91; and women, 145,146,151, 157Ո77 European Social Survey, 286 European Union (EU): and detotalitarianism, a53-73. 273Ո8; and Holocaust, 187; and memory of nationalism, 11,255,261,270; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12 experience: biographical, 10,11,91-93,147,184,197,198, 240; of hard times, 294; of history, 5,8 family memory, 11,210, 245 fascism: and historical rhetoric, 7; rehabilitation of, 262; in Soviet propaganda, 56 Fedor, Julie, 143 feminism, 144-45 fiction, Holodomor in, 19, 34-42 Filatov, Anton, 134 films: documentary, 210; Galician Poles in, 236; and Holodomor, 34,38; on Petliura, 132; and prosthetic memory, 184; UNR in, 132,134; Volhynian
massacre in, 1,13Ո31, 238 “First Minute of Peace” action, 83 Fol’varochnyi, Vasyl, 129 Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine (SZR), 128 Forever Flowing (Grossman), 37-38 forgetting, 143,168,189,199,222, 246 “For Ukraine!” song, 140 Fourth Polish Republic, 265 Franko, Roland, 121 functional vs. storage memory, 134-35 Gabowitch, Mischa, 78 Gazeta Wyborcza, journal, 278 Gedi, Noa, 208
Index gender in memory of nationalist movements, 10, 140-54 Generalgouvernment, 143-44 generational transfer/transmission of memory, ւօ8ոշ, 210, 245,247Ո14 German-Romanian Treaty of 1941,206 Germans: blamed for Galician ethnic cleansing, 238: as “good,” 105,110Ո58; as “other,” 105-106; Roma views of, 215-16 Glory Obelisk, Kyiv, 78,82, 83 Gourlan, Eric, 77 Grave of the Unknown Soldier, 82,83 Great Famine. See Holodomor Great Patriotic War. See World War II Greek Catholic Church, 59,100,170,171,177-78,179 Greek Orthodox Church, 6 grief, 84, 87 Gross, Jan T., 7 Grossman, Ekaterina, 38 Grossman, Vasilii, 37-38 guilt, historical, 259-60 Habsburg Empire, 118,167-68,171,177 Hager, Menachem Mendel, 195-96 Halbwachs, Maurice, 208, 210, 211,222, 225Ո6,247Ո5 Hall, Stuart, 51 Hasidism, 195-96 Havryshko, Marta, 148 Haydamaka, Anatolii, 62 Heavenly Hundred (Nebesna sotnia): attempted monuments to, 168-79; and May 9 celebrations, 82 Heavenly Hundred Heroes Avenue, 178 Hellbeck, Jochen, 77-78 Herbert, Zbigniew, 170 heritage tourism, 199-200, 242-44 hero role: new canon of, 9; and Heavenly Hundred, 178; and May 9 celebrations, 77; as shifting, 258; in World War II memory, 99-103 Himka, John Paul, 185 Hirsch, Marianne, 153,184 history: guilt in, 259-60; and memory, 1-4; role in national identity, 1,183-200,281-85; state and, 103,186; Ukrainian perception of, 183-84,28587, 291-95 “History and Dialog in Ukraine: The May 9 Documentary Project” (Hellbeck), 77-78 History of Happiness (Le), 36 Holocaust, the: bystander role and, 5; in collective memory, 10,106-107,183-200; East vs. West attitudes
on, 3,187, 255; and Galician Poles, 236-38; and Holodomor, 187,189-90; Kravchuk apology for, 266; memory of hidden/suppressed, 2,102,188-89, 223, 236; Roma in, 206-24, 224-25Ո4; Ukrainian ļ 301 collaboration in, 7,102,183,185,187; and World War II commemoration, 86-87 Holod-33, film, 38 Holodomor (Great Famine): burials in, 53-54; as genocide, 264, 267; creation as historic event, 49-51; in fiction, 19,34-42; and Holocaust, 187,189-90,266; lieux de memoire of, 10, 50-69; and national identity, 51,107-108; memorials commemorating, 50-69, 267; as term, 70ՈՈ1, 6,71Ո41; visual culture of, 52, 55-62, 68; as unpresentable, 69 Holodomor Victims Memorial, 57, 64,267 Holos Ukrainy, journal, 131 Home Army (Armia Krajowa!АЖ), 258,266 Hrachová, Sofia, 195 Hrushevsky, Mykhailo, 121,132 Hrytsak, Yaroslav, 6,8,185, 237,243 Hungry Thirties, The (Dimarov), 36-37 identity: collective, 10; and forgetting, 189; local, 173; and memory, 1-2,51,189; national, 7, 8,50,85,92, 96-98,124-25,129.185,200, 283-84,294; politics of, 8,171,254, 255,261,262-63,267; urban, 179 Iliushyn, Ihor, 237 imagined community, 183-84,196 imagined noncommunity, 107 “Immortal Regiment” performance, 83 In Autumn (Dukyn), 36 Independence Square (Maidan Nezalehezhnosti), 77,82 indoctrination, historical, 108 Institute of History of Ukraine, 264 International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania, 220-21 International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, 187 International Workers Solidarity Day, 79 Istoriia z hryfom “Sekretno” (Viatrovych), 148 Istorychna pravda, journal, 132,188 Ivanova, Olena, 189 Ivashko, Pavlo, 32-33
Iveković, Rada, 141 Jewish people: absence of, 96; in Chernivtsi, 176, !77; and Galician Poles, 231; Hasidic, 195-96; in Holocaust, 54,119,143,183-200; as “other,” 98, 106-107; pogroms against, 102,117-20,123,125-28, 185,195-200, 202ՈՅՅ, 235; Roma views of, 215-16; and shtetls, 193-94 Jilge, Wilfried, 91,186 Judt, Tony, 3 Kaczyński, Lech, 265, 266 Kansteiner, Wulf, 3,221 Karlson, Karl, 34 Kasianov, Georgii, 49-50,70Ո6
302 Index Katyn massacre, 266 KGB, 124, 259, 272 Khromeychuk, Olesya, 9,10 Khronika Ukrains’koi Povstans’koi Armii 1941-54, film, 237 Kieszonkowy atlas kobiet (Chutnik), 149 Kis, Oksana, 148-49 knowledge, coded vs. uncoded, 51 Kohut, Zenon, 8 Koliivshchyna uprising, 195 Komsomol, 24,25,27-28,31,35,36,39 Konieczna-Salamatin, Joanna, 9,11 Kononovych, Leonid, 41 Konovalets, Yevhen, 125 Kopelev, Lev, 22-23, 29,35 Korostelina, Karina, 99 Kosior, Stanislav, 34 Kostryha (Liubchenko), 35 Koziura, Karolina, 9,10 Kravchuk, Leonid, 262-63, 266,278 Kruty-1918, film, 132 Krylenko, Ivan, 35-36 Krytyka, journal, 188 Kubik, Jan, 11,270-71 Kuchma, Leonid: administration of, 263-65; and nationalization, 94; and Petliura, 121-22; and state policies of memory, 94; protests against, 261 Kudela-Świątek, Wiktoria, 9,10 Kulchynsky, Mykolą, 124 Kulchytskyi, Stanylav, 264 Kuzio, Taras, 288 Kwaśniewski, Aleksander, 265 Kyivan Rus, 140,177,190, 264 Kyiv City Council, 130 Kyiv City Organization of Veterans, 83 Krylenko, Ivan, 35-36 Kyrylenko, Viacheslav, 125 language: Polish, 232; Romanes, 193, 210-11,218, 222, 224-25Ո4; Russian, 6,207,268; Ruthenian, 171; Ukrainian, 6 Lanzmann, Claude, 54 Law and Justice Party, 265 laws: on decommunization, 80,131; on independence, 277,281; on lustration, 259; on naming independence fighters, 1,146; and politics of memory, 269-70,272 Le, Ivan, 36 Lenin, V. L: statue of, Chernivtsi, 172,174; and Ukraine, 257,278 leninopad destruction of Soviet monuments, 1, 258,273, 287 Lewis, Simon, 143 lieu/lieux de mémoire: of Holodomor, 10,50-53,70; in place-making, 173 Likhovy,
Ihor, 122 Literaturna hazeta, journal, 129 Liubchenko, Arkadii, 35 Livytsky, Andrii, 128 Local Studies Museum, Poltava, 121 lustration, 259,265, 272 Lytvyn, Serhii, 120 Maidan, the. See Euromaidan Malomuzh, Mykolą, 128 Malynovska, Olena, 284 Mandryck, Maria, 148-49 Maria: The Chronicle of One Life (Samchuk), 38 Martos, Borys, 131 Marushiakova, Elena, 217,218 Matkovsky, Andrii, 131 Matrache, Iona, 212-13 Mattingly, Daria, 9,10 May 8 celebrations. See Day of Memory and Reconciliation holiday May 9 celebrations, 77-87, 265,269-70, 274Ո21 Mazepa, Ivan, 12П16,124, і2б, 129 Memorial against Fascism, War and Violence, Hamburg, 69 “Memorial Complex: National Museum of the Great Patriotic War,” 81,83, 84,86 memorials to Holodomor: aesthetics of, 57-58, 61; towns located in, 58-59, 60-61; mother figures in, 58,61, 62; national vs. religious, 67-69; symbols in, 59-62, 67 Memorial to the Soldiers of the Great Patriotic War, 57 memory: 1-5,8-10; of 1990s, 278-294; biographical, 9,10,11,91-94,110Ո53,184,194,197-98,236, 240, 245, 247mi; collective, 2-11,49-51, 55, 69, 92-94, 103-108,121,143,183-200; communicative, 208; community of, 57-58,187, 206-24, 2շ5ո6, 227Ո81, 229-46; cultural, 29-43, 50,145; “Day of,” 10, 78-79, 83,86,140-41; field, 12; functional vs. storage, 134-35; and Holocaust, 183-200; individual, 222-23; multidimensional/multidirectional, 187, 200; (non)-, 188-89; oral, 20,21,23, 25,26, 31,32, 42-43, 223-24; pillarization of, 11,13Ո41,199,270-71; and place making, 173-74; places and nonplaces of, 52-55; pluralization of, 3-4; politics of, 8-11,52,185-88, 257, 260-63,265,
շ67, 2б9, 272-73; post-, 40, 41, 184; prosthetic, 184; as regime, 11,271; shield, 184, 197, 200; social, 4-6,8,10, 55, 60,222,223; socially constructed, 5; state policies of, 94; study of, 3-4, 50-51,92; transfer/transmission of, ւօ8ոշ, շւօ, 245, 247П14; vernacular, 8,189 “memory entrepreneurs,” 200
Index “memory fever,” 1-2 memory of 1990s, 278-294 Memory of Childhood memorial, 59 memory regime, 11,271 memory studies, 3-4, 50-51 milieux de mémoire, 53-54 Mykhailovych, Lazar, 170 Milinevskii, Nikolai, 134 military parades, 78-79, 871115 minority in power, 229-30 Mishakin, Serhii, 81 mnemonic actors, four-part typology of, 271-72 Molod' Ukrainy, journal, 124 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 97-98,256,295Ո8 Monument of Unification, Chernivtsi, 172 Mostov, Julie, 141 Motherland Monument, 81 museums: and Galician Poles, 245; and Holocaust, 199, 265; and Petliura, 121; and prosthetic memory, 184; and Soviets, 283-84; and UNR, 128; and World War II, 81,150-51,265 Naimazh, Vasyl, 131 Naimy, Mikhail, 131 Narodna Armila, journal, 121 Narvselius, Eleonora, 172 Natasha, song, 95-96 National Book of the Memory ofHolodomor Victims, 23. 25 National Bank of Ukraine, 137,140-42,154Ո3 “National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War: Memorial Complex,” 86,121 nationalism: and Bandera, 1; and ethnic cleansing, 131, 145,185, 234-37, 257,258; and EU, 11,255, 261, 270; and gender, 140-54; and Petliura, 127; and Roma, 218; and World War II history, 99 nation-building, 7,11, 200, 262-63 NATO, 265 Nazis: collaboration with, 96, 98,101,126,131,145, 155Ո25,215; Holocaust by, 183-200,212-16; stories about, 95-96; and Soviets, 99-103,104; symbols prohibited, 80, 269; victims of, 191-93; victory over, 77.78 neo-Soviet discourse, 85 New Economic Policy (NEP), 26 Nicholas II, Tsar, 118 Nishchuk, Yevhen, 86-87 (nonjmemory, 188-89 Nora, Pierre, 51, 52-55, 210 nostalgia: in Chernivtsi, 170;
for communism, 4,107, 176,261, 279, 287,292,294; and homeland, 247Ո10; and identity, 87; urban, 10 Nyshchuk, Yevhen, 132 ļ 303 October Revolution, 79,82, 289 Ohiienko, Vitalii, 50, 63 Oleksandr Dovzhenko Film Studio, 132 Olick, Jeffrey, 3 Onyshko, Lesia, 148-49 oral history, 9,92-95,188-89,207-208, 212 oral memory, 20, 21, 23,25, 26,31,32,42-43, 223-24 Orange Revolution, 80-81,117,190,245,253, 260, 261, 265,269 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN): collaboration with Nazis, 98,155Ո25; and EU, 260-61,268,269-70; and gender, 155Ո17; heroic view of, 99-103; and Holocaust, 96,183,185,187, 256-59; and Maidan protestors, 149; monuments to, 268; and Petliura, 125,127; women and, 142,144-54,156Ո31, 157Ո56; and World War II commemoration, 80, 104-105 Orthodox churches: 63,171; competing Patriarchates of, 6; Eastern, 59; Greek, 6; rebuilt, 263-64; Ukrainian, 122,124-25, 242, 268 “other”: absent, 230; in fiction, 42-43; Germans as, 105- 106; and Holocaust, 186-87; Jews as, 98,106-107 Oushakine, Serguei, 81 Pahira, Oleksandr, 101 Paksas, Rolandas, 265 Pale of Settlement, 195 Palij, Michael, 120 Party of Regions, 118,125,131,261,267 Patoka, Valentyna, 129 Patushenko, Tetiana, 9,10 Pauly, Matthew D., 9,10 Pechersk Lavra, Kyiv, 57 People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), 105,140,157Ո56,195 Pereiaslav, Treaty of, 289 Perestroika, 54,97,103,186,188,189, 281 perpetrator role: and commemoration, 257; differentiating from victim, 69; and Galician Poles, 237; and Holodomor, 69; as shifting, 4,258; and violence, 148 Peter the Great, 124 Petliura, Symon: commemoration of,
117-35; early life, 118-19; killing of, 119,126; letters of, 128-29; monument to, 121-25; and pogroms, 119-21,123, 125-26; Soviet-sponsored memory of, 10 Petliura Foundation, 121 “Petliura: Myth and Bitter Memory” (Bohun), 125-27 Petrenko, Olena, 148 Petrovskyi, Hryhorii, 35 Piatakov, Yuri, 145 Pieracki, Bronislaw, 150 Pieta statue, Chernivtsi, 168-72,174-79
շօհ I Index pillarization of memory, 11,131141,199-200 Piłsudski, Józef, 119 place-making, 173-74 places and nonplaces of memory, 52-55 Plaviuk, Mykolą, 121,123 Plokhy, Serhii, 120 pogroms, 102,117-20,123,125-28,185,195-200, 202ՈՅՅ, 235 Pokrova, feast of, 141 Poland: Commonwealth of, 232; and European standards, 246; Fourth Republic, 265; German-Soviet split of, 97-98,143-44,155Ո19; as role model for transformation, 246; Second Republic, 232,235-36, 247m, 258; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12; UNR treaty with, 120; Yushchenko and, 265-67 Poles, Galician: collective memory of, 229-46; in contemporary memory, 11,211, 244-45; deportation of, 229-30; discrimination against, 232; ethnic cleansing of, 7,198,229-46; ethnic terms and, 106-107; property of, 241; Soviets on, 231,236,241; and UNR, 117,126-27,128,145; and UPA, 230,234-37, 257,258,266; in World War II memories, 100 Polish Institute Kyiv, 238 Polish language, 232 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 190 politics of memory: 8-11, 52,185-88, 257,260-63,265, 267,269,272-73; and detotalitarianization, 257; and EU, 265,269-73; Holocaust in, 187-88; recent, 272; Soviet, 52; state vs. local, 8-9,11; and textbooks, 254; in transitional justice, 259 Poltava Local Studies Museum, 124 Pomian, Krzysztof, 54-55 Popov, Veselin, 217, 218 poppy symbol, 57, 81,88Ո31 Poroshenko, Petro, 131,140-41,145-46, 272, 274Ո21 Portnov, Andrii, 8,91,237 postmemory, 40,41,184 Prayerfor the Government, (Abramson), 120 Prelitsch, Hans, 170 prosthetic memory, 184 Prosvita Society, 100,110Ո40 Putin, Vladimir, 263 Pyrih, Ruslan, 123 Rebet, Daria, 144 Red Army:
and Galician Poles, 230; and May 9 celebrations, 77, 81,83,104; and OUN, 126; veterans of, 7,11,100 regimes of memory, 11 regional differences of memory: on Holocaust, 188-94; on Galician Poles, 237-38,244-45; on Holodomor, 51; on postcommunist transition, 281-87,290-92; on World War II, 5-6,105-107, 142-44; in Ukraine, 188-93, Vi Reichskommissariat Ukraine, 143-44 resovietization, 268 Revolutionary Ukrainian Party (RUP), 118 Revolution of Dignity, 7,253, 257-58,268-70 Riabchuk, Mykolą, 6 RIA Novosti, 81 Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact. See Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Ridnyi, Alexandr, 62 “Righteous Among Nations,” 186,248Ո21 Robertson, Tania, 99 Robitnycha hazeta, journal, 125,127 Roeder, Phillip, 278 Roma, the: collective memory of, 11,206-24,225Ո6, 227Ո81; diversity of, 210-13,219,225ՈՈ25,27; in Holocaust, 192,193, 206,212,215-16,219-24, 224-25Ո4; language, 193,210-11, 218,222,224-25Ո4; nomadic vs. settled, 209,215; as term, 207-208 Roman Catholic Church, 171,172,174, 230,242,296Ո20 Romanes language, 193, 210-11,218,222,224-25Ո4 Romania: Kingdom of, 172-73; in Transnistria, 206-224; Ukraine relationships with, 172-73.175-76 Rotach, Petro, 124 Rothberg, Michael, 187 Rudling, Per, 185 Rukkas, Andrii, 132,134 Russia: annexation of Crimea, 1,77,79; discourse on Ukrainian independence, 96; Donbas conflict with, 1,10,77,79,83,85,86, 87Ո15, ւօ8ոշ, 125,140,141,145, 149,151-52,154Ո2, i88, 253, 263, 264, 268,270, 271; fear of, 272; politics of memory in, 262; in Ukrainian debates on history, 6-7; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12; and Yanukovych, 80,268 Russian Empire, 124,126,256,264 Russian
language, 6,207,268 Russian Orthodox Church, 132 Russians: ethnic terms for, 106; in present Ukraine, 84, 85 Ruthenians/Ruthenian language, 171,232, 295Ո8 St. George Ribbon, 80-81,88Ո28 St. Michael Church, Kyiv, 60 Saint Volodymyr’s Cathedral, Kyiv, 121,122 Samchenko, Valentya, 132 Samchuk, Ulas, 38 Samvydav and Tamvydav fiction, 19,34,42 Savchenko, Nadiya, 158Ո93 Savchyn, Maria, 147 Schütze, Fritz, 5 Schwartzbard, Sholom, 119,120,123,126,127,134 Second Polish Republic, 232, 235-36
Index Second World Forum of Holocaust Memory, 187 Semenova, Pelageia, 37 Sendyka, Roma, 54 Serhiichuk, Volodymyr, 120 Shapoval, Yurii, 19,123,126 Shchors, Mykolą, 132,145 Shevchenko, Taras, 63,127-28 Shevel, Oxana, 11,270-71 shield memory, 184,197,200 Shoah. See Holocaust shtetls, 193-200 Shukhevych, Roman, 150, 266,267 Shulhyn, Oleksandr, 128 Shulika, Nadiia, 26 Sich Riflemen, 83 Sindbæk Andersen, Tea, 4 Skoropadsky, Pavlo, 119,121 Sluga Narodu party, 272 Smarzowski, Wojciech, 7, ւշոշւ, 237 Smith, Valerie, 153 Snyder, Timothy, 23,143 Sobieski, John, 231,245 social memory, 8-9 Society of Assistance to Defense and AviationChemical Construction (OSOAviaKhim), 33,34, 45Ո82 Soldatynko, Valerii, 120,127-28 Sovietization, 230 Soviet Union: architecture of, 58; collaboration with, 99; commemoration of World War II in, 56-57, 77-79, 86, 94-98,143; dissolution of, 11,277,279, 290-91,295m; and EU, 255-59; and Holodomor, 49-69; legacy of, 9,287-94; memory politics of, 185-88; monumental culture of, 68; nostalgia for, 4, 107,176, 261,279, 287, 292,294; politics of memory of, 52; pop culture of, 103; recent perception of, 291-95; symbolic domain of, 56-57; symbols banned, 269; and Ukrainian language, 98 Stalin, Josef, 77,97,267,278 State Political Directorate (GPU): and Holodomor, 22, 23,34,35,39, 41; and Petliura, 122,128,132 Stauber, Roni, 221 Stewart, Michael, 217,220 Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust, 187 streets renamed, 178 Stryjek, Tomasz, 9,11,188 Strynozheni koni (Foľvarochnyi), 129 Subtelny, Orest, 186 suffering: and memorials, 67; remembrance as, 55 survivor
role: and Holocaust, 21,184,188,217; and Holodomor, 23-29,30,33,41,42; and Roma, 207, 212-13,215 Svoboda party, 268 I 305 symbolic domain, 56-57 “Symon Petliura: Knight of the Ukrainian Revolution” exhibition, 121 Tabachnyk, Dmytro, 145 Taiemnyi shchodennyk Symona Petliury (Yanchuk), 132 Taras Shevchenko University, 92 Teliha, Olena, 147 Tema dita medytatsii (Kononovych), 41 textbooks: alternative, 156Ո42; Holocaust in, 183,186; Holodomor in, 267; nationalism in, 99,103; Poles in, 236-37; and politics of memory, 254; in transitional justice, 259-60,268 Tiutiunyk, Yurii, 128,136Ո38 Tkuma Center for Holocaust Studies, 188 Törnquist-Plewa, Barbara, 4 Torres, Henri, 119 traitor role, 9,124,126,130,147,154,157Ո60 transformation, postcommunist, 1-3, 5,7,9,11, 20, 78-94,246, 255-56,277-87 transitional justice, 254, 255,259-70, 273 Transnistria Governorate, 11,195, 206-224 trauma: collective, 264; and commemoration, 59, 69; and experience, 9,184; national, 218; study of, 189; of survivors, 21,23, 59, 70, 220 Treaty of Nonaggression, 144 Treaty of Warsaw, 119-20 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 259 Tsarynnyk, Marko, 195 Tsyganism, 218-19, 222 “Two Decades After the Wall’s Fall” survey, 286 Tymoshenko, Yulia, 261, 267 Ukraina Moderna, journal, 188 Ukraina moloda, journal, 132 Ukraine: in Europe, 2-4; and European Union, 11, 25373; exceptionalism of, 4-8; and Holocaust, 183-200; and Holodomor, 50-69,107-108; independence of, 11, 96,190,242, 277-87, 289-90,296Ո24; national character of, 177-78,294; perception of history in, 183-84,285-87,291-95; and Russia, 267-68,284; statehood
of, 10,140-54; transformation of, 1-3, 5,7,9,11,20,78-94,246, 255-56, 277-87; as victim nation, 50-51,69; World War II in, 77-103 Ukraine: A History (Subtelny), 186 Ukraine Association Agreement, 268 “Ukraine During World War II: The Everyday Experience of Survival” project, 92-94 Ukrainian Army, 83,86 Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers, 132 Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC), 122 Ukrainian Center for Holocaust Studies, 188
Зоб ļ Index Ukrainian Central Council, 118,140 Ukrainian Congressional Committee of America, 132 Ukrainian General Military Committee, 118 Ukrainian Helsinki Group, 270 Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (UIPN): 1; and Galician Poles, 237; and gender, 10; and Holocaust, 188; and Holodomor, 112; and law, 269; and nationalists, 145-46; and women’s experience, 149-52 Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA); 5; and EU, 260-61, 268,269; and Galician Poles, 230,234-37,257,258, 266; heroic view of, 99-103,150; and Holocaust, 8, 183,185,187,256-59; and Maidan protestors, 149; and May 9 celebrations, 77,80,104-105; and memory regimes, 11; monuments to, 268; state recognition of, 270-71; veterans of, 7, 83; and Volhynian killings, 266; and women, 141,142,144-54,155Ո17,156Ո31, 157Ո68 Ukrainian language, 6, 98, 207, 269 Ukrainian Ministry of Culture, 51 Ukrainian Orthodox Church: Kyivan Patriarchate, 122, 124-25; Moscow Patriarchate, 242,268 Ukrainian Parliament, 1,8, 82,121,130-31,149,154Ո6, 178, 261, 267, 268,270, 272, 274Ո21,277 Ukrainian People’s Republic (UNR): Directory of, 125, 131; and Petliura, 10,117-35; and pogroms, 117-118, 119-21,123,125-26; recent attitudes toward, 261-63; and Soviets, 119 Ukrainian-Polish Defensive Alliance (Palij), 120 Ukrainian Red Cross, 150 Ukrainian Revolutionary Party, 124 Ukrainian Social Democratic Workers’ Party, 118 Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 87Ո8, 94,169,172, 278, 295Ո8 Ukrainian symbolic domain, emerging, 60-61 “Ukrainian World War II, The” exhibition, 146 Ukrainians, The: Unexpected Nation (Wilson), 277 Ukrainity concept, 262-63
Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal, journal, 127 Uniate Church, 59 Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (SVU), 122 Union of Zemstva, 118 Vago, Raphael, 221 Verdery, Katherine, 3 Verstiuk, Vladislav, 123 Viatrovych, Volodymyr, 1,132,145-46,148,152,237 victim role: and commemoration, 10,77, 255; as competitive, 186,191; and Holocaust, 191-93,200, 218-19; and Holodomor, 52, 69; as shifting, 4, 258; and Ukraine, 50-51; women in, 147,149 Victory Day. See Day of Victory holiday “Victory-Liberation-Occupation” project, 78 violence: collective, 20-23, 42,43; historical, 4-8; and Holodomor, 26,28,30,38,39,41; institutionalized, 55, 220; against Jews, 195,198, 200; as mundane, 143; and nonplaces, 54; against Poles, 234,235,238,239; political, 147; rationalization of, 234-36; against Roma, 208,212,220; against women, 149,151-53 Virgin Mary, 141,178 “Voice of Heroes” performance, 83 Volhynia, genocide of Poles in, 1, 6; film on, 7, ւշոշւ, 237,238; silence on, 102,192; UPN and, 266 Volodymyr the Great, 140 Vorona, Petro, 124 Voronyi, Mykolą, 140 Vynnychenko, Volodymyr, 40,119,120,121,127,132 Vyzhnytsia mass-killing site, 10,195-99, 203Ո52 Wanner, Catherine, 8, 91,103 “War Makes No Exceptions” project, 151 “Warriors: History of the Ukrainian Military” project, 150-51 Wehrmacht, the, 77,101,258 Wertsch, James, 108 West Ukrainian People’s Republic (ZUNR), 119 White Movement, 81 Whitling, Frederick, 93 Wiesel, Elie, 220-21 Wilson, Andrew, 277 Wołyń film (Smarzowski), 7,12Ո21, 237 women: representations of, 10; nationalist, 140-54; in Ukrainian Armed Forces, 154Ո7 Wood, Nancy, 211 Woollacott,
Angela, 142 Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army (RSChA), 32; Workers’ Solidarity Day, 79, 296Ո35 World War I, in Galicia, 230 World War II: and collective identity, 10; conflicted memory of, 266-67; East vs. West attitudes on, 2-3; and Galician Poles, 234-35; generational divide on, 91-92; and Holocaust, 183-200; indoctrination on, 108; May 9 celebrations and, 77-87, 265, 269-70, 274Ո21; in memory of survivors, 91-108; nationalist narrative of, 99-103,145-46; regional divide in memories of, 5-6, 94, 99; Roma in, 206-24; Soviet Commemoration of, 56-57, 77-79, 86, 94-98,104; as term, 79-80, 86 Wylęgała, Anna, 9,11,189,198 Yanchuk, Oles, 132 Yanukovych, Viktor: and Bandera, 145,258; and May 9 celebrations, 79; ouster of, 118,130; and Petliura, 129-30; and Russia, 80, 267-68; and Soviet legacy, 94,261; and state policies of memory, 94,263, 267-68; and vote-rigging, 122
Index Yellow Prince, The (Barka), 38,39 Yeltsin, Boris, 263 Yisrael, Rav, 195-96 Yugoslav Wars, 255 Yunakiv, Mykolą, 128 Yurchuk, Yuliya, 146 Yushchenko, Victor: and Bandera, 145, 273П17,267; election of, 122, 265; fall of, 129-30; and Holocaust, 187, 201П27; and Holodomor, 49-50, 59, 62, 97, 267; and Nazis, 259; and Orange Revolution, 81, 261; and Petliura, 124-28,129; and Poland, 265-66; and state policies of memory, 94, 265-67,269-70; and UPA, 7, 117,118 Yuval-Davis, Nira, 148 Zabolotskii, Nikolai, 38 Zahlada, Nadiia, 27-28 Zahra, Tara, 92,107 Zaitsev, Oleksandr, 144 Zaryts’ka, Kateryna, 150 Zashkilniak, Leonid, 237 Zayarniuk, Andrii, 237 Zelenski, Volodymyr, 272 Zhovkva, removal of Galician Poles from, 230-44 Zhurzhenko, Tatiana, 98,143 Żółkiewski, Stanisław, 231-32,245 Zolochiv mass-killing site, 10,195-99 ZUNR Ukrainian Galician Army, 119 Bayerische ØløatsbibUothek München J 307 |
adam_txt |
CONTENTS Note on Transliteration List ofAbbreviations vii ix Introduction / Anna Wylęgała and Małgorzata Głowacka- Grajper і Part I The Memory of Holodomor x Idle, Drunk, and Good for Nothing: Cultural Memory of the Rank-and-File Perpetrators of the 1932-33 Famine in Ukraine / Daria Mattingly 19 2 The Lieux de Mémoire of the Holodomor in the Cultural Landscape of Modern Ukraine / Wiktoria Kudela-Świątek 49 Part II World War II in the Ukrainian Memory 3 The War of Memory in Times of War: May 9 Celebrations in Kyiv in 2014-15 / Tetiana Pastushenko 77 4 (In)difFerent Memory: World War II in the Memory of the Last War’s Generation in Ukraine / Mykolą Borovyk 91 Part III Heroes or Traitors: Creating a Heroic Canon 5 Symon Petliura, the Ukrainian People’s Republic, and National Commemoration in Contemporary Ukraine / Matthew D. Pauly 117 6 Glory to the Heroes? Gender, Nationalism, and Memory / Olesya Khromeychuk 140 Part IV Traces of the Lost Multiethnicity and Memory of the Ethnic Cleansing 7 Memory, Monuments, and the Project of Nationalization in Ukraine: The Case of Chernivtsi / Karolina Koziura 167 8 Collective Memory of the Holocaust in Post-Soviet Ukraine / Anna Chebotarova 183
vi I Contents 9 Extermination of the Roma in Transnistria during World War II: Construction of the Roma Collective Memory / Anna Abakunova 206 10 Poland and Poles in the Collective Memory of Galician Ukrainians / Anna Wylęgała 229 Part V History and Politics in a Post-Soviet State: Ukraine, Russia, and Independence 11 Ukraine between the European Union and Russia since 1991: Does It Have to Be a Battlefield of Memories? / Tomasz Stryjek 253 12 A Desired but Unexpected State: The 1990s in the Memory and Perception of Ukrainians in the 21st Century / Joanna Konieczna-Sałamatin 277 Index 299
INDEX Abakunova, Anna, 9,11 Abramson, Henry, 120 Alison, Miranda, 152 All-Union Communist Party (Bolshevik), 259, 271 Amar, Tarik Cyril, 185 amnesia: and Great Famine, 53; and Holocaust, 185 Anderson, Benedict, 183 Angelina, Pasha, 27-28 Anti-Fascist Committee of Ukraine, 130 antimemorials, 69 “Arch of Friendship of Nations,” Kyiv, 83 army-nation, 152 Artem, Fyodor, 125 Asadchev, Valerii, 124 Ash, Timothy Garton, 278 Assmann, Aleida, 134-35,208,224, 232, 246 Auge, Marc, 54 Auschwitz, 199 Ausländer, Rose, 170 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 168,169,170,190 Avanposty (Krylenko), 35-36 Baal Shem Tov, 195-96 Babi Yar executions, 96,187 Badior, Dariia, 134 Balta mass-killing site, 10,194-95,197 Bandera, Stepan, 1, ւշոշօ, 9б, 145,149,257,258,273 banderites (banderivitsi): in heroic discourse, 99-105; as term, 1,96 Ban Ki-moon, 82 Barka, Vasyľ, 38,39 Beniuk, Bohdan, 132 Bernhard, Michael, 11,270-71 Bernsand, Niklas, 172 Billig, Michael, 94 biographical experience, 10,11,91-93,147,184,197,198, 240 biographical memory: 9,10,11; vs. collective memory, 236; of ethnic cleansing of Poles, 236, 240,245, 247mi; of Holocaust, 184,194,197-98; of World War II, 91-94.110Ո53 biographical sociology, 5 bipolar or double-heritage approach, 200 Bitter Memory of Childhood statue, 63, 64 Black Book, The, 188,202Ո36 Blacker, Uilleam, 184,186-87 Blocha, Alexi, 59 Bloodlands (Snyder), 23 Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Martha, 144 Bohun, Volodymyr, 125-27,130 Bolsheviks: church desecration by, 59; defiance of, 117; described as Jewish, 41; jargon of, 21; Petliura and, 117; portrayal in fiction, 19, 35; as term, 106
Borovyk, Mykolą, 9,10 Borysenko, Valentyna, 23 Brown, Judy, 85 Browning, Christopher, 22 Buhaichuk, Viktor, 131 Buiko, Heorhii, 130 Burden of Dreams (Wanner), 8 Burds, Jeffrey, 147 Bush, George W., 265 bystander role, as shifting, 4,5 “Candle of Memory” Holodomor Victims Memorial, Kyiv, 50-51, 62-63, 64-66, 67-68 Celan, Paul, 170 cemeteries: and Holodomor, 53-55, 58, 60-61,71Ո30; Jewish, 194,195; and Petlura, 133 Central Committee of the Communist Party [Bolshevik] of Ukraine (CCCP[b]U), 30,32, 33,34,35 Chebotarova, Anna, 9,10 Chekists: uniform of, 36; described as Jewish, 40-41 Chernivtsi: cityscape of, 10,168-79; ethnic groups in, 169,171-72,176,177; memory in, 169,171,173; streets renamed, 178 Chôma doshka (Doliak), 40-42 Chornobyl, 190 Chudowsky, Victor, 288 Chutnik, Sylwia, 149 cityscape, 10,168-79 collaboration: with Nazis, 101,126,131,155Ո25, 215; with Soviets, 99 collaborator role: as shifting, 4; Soviets on, 190 collective memory: 2,3,8-9; vs. biographical memory, 236; in Chernivtsi, 169,171,173; effect of EU and Russia on, 253,258, 263-54, 264, 267,270, 273; of Galician Ukrainians, 229-46; of Holodomor, 50,51, 55, 69; of Holocaust, 10,183-200; limits of, 103,107; in memorials, 50-51, 55, 69; in memory studies, 92; and Petliura, 121; Poles in, 229-46; of Roma, 11,20624,225Ո6, 227Ո81; as term, 208, 247Ո5; in Ukraine, 4-8; of World War II, 92-94,103-108,143 collectivization, 49 299
Зоо ļ Index commemoration: 4, 8,10; and EU, 273; of Holocaust, 187,188,189,201Ո27, 202Ո35; of Holodomor, 51, 52-69,71m; of Heavenly Hundred, 168,178; of nationalist movement, 141-54; of perpetrators, 257; of Petliura, 117-35,136Ո44; in place-making, 173; and Roma, 210, 220, 221,223; of victims, 255; of World War II, 77-87.93.189 Committees of Nonwealthy Peasants (KNS), 25-27 Commonwealth of Poland, 232 communism: nostalgia for, 3,4,107,176,261,279,287, 292,294; elites under, 107; suppression of memory under, 2-3; symbols prohibited, 80 Communist Party of Ukraine (KPU): and Holodomor, 49.259-60,262, 264; and Petliura, 125,130 community memory, 9, 51, 57, 58,104,107,183-84, 206, 210,223,229, 231,241, 242,245, 263 “Competing Victimhood” (Jilge), 186 competitive victimhood, 186,191 Confino, Aion, 51 Connerton, Paul, 199 Cooke, Miriam, 142,147,153 Cossacks: gender and, 152; in nationalism, 178,190,263; and military tradition, 151,178; Petliura and, 129; Tiutiunyk and, 136Ո38; on Ukraine coin, 140 Crimea, annexation by Russia, 1,7,10,77,79, 80,87Ո15, 103,188, 253,270, 290, 294 Danse macabre (Kasianov), 49-50 Day of Defender of the Fatherland holiday, 141,152, 264,274Ո21 Day of Defender of Ukraine holiday, 140-41 Day of Victory holiday, 10,78-79,86,150,264,267-68, 269-70 Day of Memory and Reconciliation holiday, 83,86,150, 202Ո35,269-70 decommunization, 80,131,132, 202Ո35 dekulakization, 26, 28 Demchenko, Maria, 27-28 Denysko, Hanna, 124-25 deixis, 94 democracy, 278-89 denazification, 80 desovietization, 6,11,123,168,173,178,256-66,268, 272 detotalitarianization, 253-73 diaspora,
Ukrainian, 19,33,38, 40,42,49, 55, 58,68, 70-71Ո24,99,176,177,185,186 Dietsch, Johan, 186 Dimarov, Anatoliy, 36-37 Djebabla, Mourad, 58 Doliak, Natalia, 40-42 Donbas, conflict with Russia in, 1,10,77,79,83,85,86, 87Ո15,108Ո2,125,140,141,145,149,151-52,154Ո2, i88, 253,263, 264,268, 270, 271 Dontsov, Dmytro, 144 Dubois, Patrick, 188 Dukyn, Mykolą, 36 Dun, Olena, 21 Eastern Orthodox Church, 59,268 economic crisis of 1990s, 279-81 Eichmann, Adolf, 22, 37,220 Einsatzgruppen, 183,258 Elam, Yigal, 208 ethnic cleansing: Holocaust as, 2; in Galicia, 7, 229, 234-237; nationalist, 131,145,185,234-37,257, 258; and Petliura, 102; as term, 237-38; in Volhynia,io2,237, 266; in World War II, 142-43 ethnic markers for self-description, 106-107 Etkind, Alexander, 186-87 Euromaidan protests: 1,10; and Heavenly Hundred, 168-69,178-79; May 9 celebrations and, 77,82; and Petliura, 131-32; and politics of memory, 270-71; and social role of history, 91; and women, 145,146,151, 157Ո77 European Social Survey, 286 European Union (EU): and detotalitarianism, a53-73. 273Ո8; and Holocaust, 187; and memory of nationalism, 11,255,261,270; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12 experience: biographical, 10,11,91-93,147,184,197,198, 240; of hard times, 294; of history, 5,8 family memory, 11,210, 245 fascism: and historical rhetoric, 7; rehabilitation of, 262; in Soviet propaganda, 56 Fedor, Julie, 143 feminism, 144-45 fiction, Holodomor in, 19, 34-42 Filatov, Anton, 134 films: documentary, 210; Galician Poles in, 236; and Holodomor, 34,38; on Petliura, 132; and prosthetic memory, 184; UNR in, 132,134; Volhynian
massacre in, 1,13Ո31, 238 “First Minute of Peace” action, 83 Fol’varochnyi, Vasyl, 129 Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine (SZR), 128 Forever Flowing (Grossman), 37-38 forgetting, 143,168,189,199,222, 246 “For Ukraine!” song, 140 Fourth Polish Republic, 265 Franko, Roland, 121 functional vs. storage memory, 134-35 Gabowitch, Mischa, 78 Gazeta Wyborcza, journal, 278 Gedi, Noa, 208
Index gender in memory of nationalist movements, 10, 140-54 Generalgouvernment, 143-44 generational transfer/transmission of memory, ւօ8ոշ, 210, 245,247Ո14 German-Romanian Treaty of 1941,206 Germans: blamed for Galician ethnic cleansing, 238: as “good,” 105,110Ո58; as “other,” 105-106; Roma views of, 215-16 Glory Obelisk, Kyiv, 78,82, 83 Gourlan, Eric, 77 Grave of the Unknown Soldier, 82,83 Great Famine. See Holodomor Great Patriotic War. See World War II Greek Catholic Church, 59,100,170,171,177-78,179 Greek Orthodox Church, 6 grief, 84, 87 Gross, Jan T., 7 Grossman, Ekaterina, 38 Grossman, Vasilii, 37-38 guilt, historical, 259-60 Habsburg Empire, 118,167-68,171,177 Hager, Menachem Mendel, 195-96 Halbwachs, Maurice, 208, 210, 211,222, 225Ո6,247Ո5 Hall, Stuart, 51 Hasidism, 195-96 Havryshko, Marta, 148 Haydamaka, Anatolii, 62 Heavenly Hundred (Nebesna sotnia): attempted monuments to, 168-79; and May 9 celebrations, 82 Heavenly Hundred Heroes Avenue, 178 Hellbeck, Jochen, 77-78 Herbert, Zbigniew, 170 heritage tourism, 199-200, 242-44 hero role: new canon of, 9; and Heavenly Hundred, 178; and May 9 celebrations, 77; as shifting, 258; in World War II memory, 99-103 Himka, John Paul, 185 Hirsch, Marianne, 153,184 history: guilt in, 259-60; and memory, 1-4; role in national identity, 1,183-200,281-85; state and, 103,186; Ukrainian perception of, 183-84,28587, 291-95 “History and Dialog in Ukraine: The May 9 Documentary Project” (Hellbeck), 77-78 History of Happiness (Le), 36 Holocaust, the: bystander role and, 5; in collective memory, 10,106-107,183-200; East vs. West attitudes
on, 3,187, 255; and Galician Poles, 236-38; and Holodomor, 187,189-90; Kravchuk apology for, 266; memory of hidden/suppressed, 2,102,188-89, 223, 236; Roma in, 206-24, 224-25Ո4; Ukrainian ļ 301 collaboration in, 7,102,183,185,187; and World War II commemoration, 86-87 Holod-33, film, 38 Holodomor (Great Famine): burials in, 53-54; as genocide, 264, 267; creation as historic event, 49-51; in fiction, 19,34-42; and Holocaust, 187,189-90,266; lieux de memoire of, 10, 50-69; and national identity, 51,107-108; memorials commemorating, 50-69, 267; as term, 70ՈՈ1, 6,71Ո41; visual culture of, 52, 55-62, 68; as unpresentable, 69 Holodomor Victims Memorial, 57, 64,267 Holos Ukrainy, journal, 131 Home Army (Armia Krajowa!АЖ), 258,266 Hrachová, Sofia, 195 Hrushevsky, Mykhailo, 121,132 Hrytsak, Yaroslav, 6,8,185, 237,243 Hungry Thirties, The (Dimarov), 36-37 identity: collective, 10; and forgetting, 189; local, 173; and memory, 1-2,51,189; national, 7, 8,50,85,92, 96-98,124-25,129.185,200, 283-84,294; politics of, 8,171,254, 255,261,262-63,267; urban, 179 Iliushyn, Ihor, 237 imagined community, 183-84,196 imagined noncommunity, 107 “Immortal Regiment” performance, 83 In Autumn (Dukyn), 36 Independence Square (Maidan Nezalehezhnosti), 77,82 indoctrination, historical, 108 Institute of History of Ukraine, 264 International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania, 220-21 International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, 187 International Workers Solidarity Day, 79 Istoriia z hryfom “Sekretno” (Viatrovych), 148 Istorychna pravda, journal, 132,188 Ivanova, Olena, 189 Ivashko, Pavlo, 32-33
Iveković, Rada, 141 Jewish people: absence of, 96; in Chernivtsi, 176, !77; and Galician Poles, 231; Hasidic, 195-96; in Holocaust, 54,119,143,183-200; as “other,” 98, 106-107; pogroms against, 102,117-20,123,125-28, 185,195-200, 202ՈՅՅ, 235; Roma views of, 215-16; and shtetls, 193-94 Jilge, Wilfried, 91,186 Judt, Tony, 3 Kaczyński, Lech, 265, 266 Kansteiner, Wulf, 3,221 Karlson, Karl, 34 Kasianov, Georgii, 49-50,70Ո6
302 Index Katyn massacre, 266 KGB, 124, 259, 272 Khromeychuk, Olesya, 9,10 Khronika Ukrains’koi Povstans’koi Armii 1941-54, film, 237 Kieszonkowy atlas kobiet (Chutnik), 149 Kis, Oksana, 148-49 knowledge, coded vs. uncoded, 51 Kohut, Zenon, 8 Koliivshchyna uprising, 195 Komsomol, 24,25,27-28,31,35,36,39 Konieczna-Salamatin, Joanna, 9,11 Kononovych, Leonid, 41 Konovalets, Yevhen, 125 Kopelev, Lev, 22-23, 29,35 Korostelina, Karina, 99 Kosior, Stanislav, 34 Kostryha (Liubchenko), 35 Koziura, Karolina, 9,10 Kravchuk, Leonid, 262-63, 266,278 Kruty-1918, film, 132 Krylenko, Ivan, 35-36 Krytyka, journal, 188 Kubik, Jan, 11,270-71 Kuchma, Leonid: administration of, 263-65; and nationalization, 94; and Petliura, 121-22; and state policies of memory, 94; protests against, 261 Kudela-Świątek, Wiktoria, 9,10 Kulchynsky, Mykolą, 124 Kulchytskyi, Stanylav, 264 Kuzio, Taras, 288 Kwaśniewski, Aleksander, 265 Kyivan Rus, 140,177,190, 264 Kyiv City Council, 130 Kyiv City Organization of Veterans, 83 Krylenko, Ivan, 35-36 Kyrylenko, Viacheslav, 125 language: Polish, 232; Romanes, 193, 210-11,218, 222, 224-25Ո4; Russian, 6,207,268; Ruthenian, 171; Ukrainian, 6 Lanzmann, Claude, 54 Law and Justice Party, 265 laws: on decommunization, 80,131; on independence, 277,281; on lustration, 259; on naming independence fighters, 1,146; and politics of memory, 269-70,272 Le, Ivan, 36 Lenin, V. L: statue of, Chernivtsi, 172,174; and Ukraine, 257,278 leninopad destruction of Soviet monuments, 1, 258,273, 287 Lewis, Simon, 143 lieu/lieux de mémoire: of Holodomor, 10,50-53,70; in place-making, 173 Likhovy,
Ihor, 122 Literaturna hazeta, journal, 129 Liubchenko, Arkadii, 35 Livytsky, Andrii, 128 Local Studies Museum, Poltava, 121 lustration, 259,265, 272 Lytvyn, Serhii, 120 Maidan, the. See Euromaidan Malomuzh, Mykolą, 128 Malynovska, Olena, 284 Mandryck, Maria, 148-49 Maria: The Chronicle of One Life (Samchuk), 38 Martos, Borys, 131 Marushiakova, Elena, 217,218 Matkovsky, Andrii, 131 Matrache, Iona, 212-13 Mattingly, Daria, 9,10 May 8 celebrations. See Day of Memory and Reconciliation holiday May 9 celebrations, 77-87, 265,269-70, 274Ո21 Mazepa, Ivan, 12П16,124, і2б, 129 Memorial against Fascism, War and Violence, Hamburg, 69 “Memorial Complex: National Museum of the Great Patriotic War,” 81,83, 84,86 memorials to Holodomor: aesthetics of, 57-58, 61; towns located in, 58-59, 60-61; mother figures in, 58,61, 62; national vs. religious, 67-69; symbols in, 59-62, 67 Memorial to the Soldiers of the Great Patriotic War, 57 memory: 1-5,8-10; of 1990s, 278-294; biographical, 9,10,11,91-94,110Ո53,184,194,197-98,236, 240, 245, 247mi; collective, 2-11,49-51, 55, 69, 92-94, 103-108,121,143,183-200; communicative, 208; community of, 57-58,187, 206-24, 2շ5ո6, 227Ո81, 229-46; cultural, 29-43, 50,145; “Day of,” 10, 78-79, 83,86,140-41; field, 12; functional vs. storage, 134-35; and Holocaust, 183-200; individual, 222-23; multidimensional/multidirectional, 187, 200; (non)-, 188-89; oral, 20,21,23, 25,26, 31,32, 42-43, 223-24; pillarization of, 11,13Ո41,199,270-71; and place making, 173-74; places and nonplaces of, 52-55; pluralization of, 3-4; politics of, 8-11,52,185-88, 257, 260-63,265,
շ67, 2б9, 272-73; post-, 40, 41, 184; prosthetic, 184; as regime, 11,271; shield, 184, 197, 200; social, 4-6,8,10, 55, 60,222,223; socially constructed, 5; state policies of, 94; study of, 3-4, 50-51,92; transfer/transmission of, ւօ8ոշ, շւօ, 245, 247П14; vernacular, 8,189 “memory entrepreneurs,” 200
Index “memory fever,” 1-2 memory of 1990s, 278-294 Memory of Childhood memorial, 59 memory regime, 11,271 memory studies, 3-4, 50-51 milieux de mémoire, 53-54 Mykhailovych, Lazar, 170 Milinevskii, Nikolai, 134 military parades, 78-79, 871115 minority in power, 229-30 Mishakin, Serhii, 81 mnemonic actors, four-part typology of, 271-72 Molod' Ukrainy, journal, 124 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 97-98,256,295Ո8 Monument of Unification, Chernivtsi, 172 Mostov, Julie, 141 Motherland Monument, 81 museums: and Galician Poles, 245; and Holocaust, 199, 265; and Petliura, 121; and prosthetic memory, 184; and Soviets, 283-84; and UNR, 128; and World War II, 81,150-51,265 Naimazh, Vasyl, 131 Naimy, Mikhail, 131 Narodna Armila, journal, 121 Narvselius, Eleonora, 172 Natasha, song, 95-96 National Book of the Memory ofHolodomor Victims, 23. 25 National Bank of Ukraine, 137,140-42,154Ո3 “National Museum of the History of Ukraine in the Second World War: Memorial Complex,” 86,121 nationalism: and Bandera, 1; and ethnic cleansing, 131, 145,185, 234-37, 257,258; and EU, 11,255, 261, 270; and gender, 140-54; and Petliura, 127; and Roma, 218; and World War II history, 99 nation-building, 7,11, 200, 262-63 NATO, 265 Nazis: collaboration with, 96, 98,101,126,131,145, 155Ո25,215; Holocaust by, 183-200,212-16; stories about, 95-96; and Soviets, 99-103,104; symbols prohibited, 80, 269; victims of, 191-93; victory over, 77.78 neo-Soviet discourse, 85 New Economic Policy (NEP), 26 Nicholas II, Tsar, 118 Nishchuk, Yevhen, 86-87 (nonjmemory, 188-89 Nora, Pierre, 51, 52-55, 210 nostalgia: in Chernivtsi, 170;
for communism, 4,107, 176,261, 279, 287,292,294; and homeland, 247Ո10; and identity, 87; urban, 10 Nyshchuk, Yevhen, 132 ļ 303 October Revolution, 79,82, 289 Ohiienko, Vitalii, 50, 63 Oleksandr Dovzhenko Film Studio, 132 Olick, Jeffrey, 3 Onyshko, Lesia, 148-49 oral history, 9,92-95,188-89,207-208, 212 oral memory, 20, 21, 23,25, 26,31,32,42-43, 223-24 Orange Revolution, 80-81,117,190,245,253, 260, 261, 265,269 Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN): collaboration with Nazis, 98,155Ո25; and EU, 260-61,268,269-70; and gender, 155Ո17; heroic view of, 99-103; and Holocaust, 96,183,185,187, 256-59; and Maidan protestors, 149; monuments to, 268; and Petliura, 125,127; women and, 142,144-54,156Ո31, 157Ո56; and World War II commemoration, 80, 104-105 Orthodox churches: 63,171; competing Patriarchates of, 6; Eastern, 59; Greek, 6; rebuilt, 263-64; Ukrainian, 122,124-25, 242, 268 “other”: absent, 230; in fiction, 42-43; Germans as, 105- 106; and Holocaust, 186-87; Jews as, 98,106-107 Oushakine, Serguei, 81 Pahira, Oleksandr, 101 Paksas, Rolandas, 265 Pale of Settlement, 195 Palij, Michael, 120 Party of Regions, 118,125,131,261,267 Patoka, Valentyna, 129 Patushenko, Tetiana, 9,10 Pauly, Matthew D., 9,10 Pechersk Lavra, Kyiv, 57 People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), 105,140,157Ո56,195 Pereiaslav, Treaty of, 289 Perestroika, 54,97,103,186,188,189, 281 perpetrator role: and commemoration, 257; differentiating from victim, 69; and Galician Poles, 237; and Holodomor, 69; as shifting, 4,258; and violence, 148 Peter the Great, 124 Petliura, Symon: commemoration of,
117-35; early life, 118-19; killing of, 119,126; letters of, 128-29; monument to, 121-25; and pogroms, 119-21,123, 125-26; Soviet-sponsored memory of, 10 Petliura Foundation, 121 “Petliura: Myth and Bitter Memory” (Bohun), 125-27 Petrenko, Olena, 148 Petrovskyi, Hryhorii, 35 Piatakov, Yuri, 145 Pieracki, Bronislaw, 150 Pieta statue, Chernivtsi, 168-72,174-79
շօհ I Index pillarization of memory, 11,131141,199-200 Piłsudski, Józef, 119 place-making, 173-74 places and nonplaces of memory, 52-55 Plaviuk, Mykolą, 121,123 Plokhy, Serhii, 120 pogroms, 102,117-20,123,125-28,185,195-200, 202ՈՅՅ, 235 Pokrova, feast of, 141 Poland: Commonwealth of, 232; and European standards, 246; Fourth Republic, 265; German-Soviet split of, 97-98,143-44,155Ո19; as role model for transformation, 246; Second Republic, 232,235-36, 247m, 258; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12; UNR treaty with, 120; Yushchenko and, 265-67 Poles, Galician: collective memory of, 229-46; in contemporary memory, 11,211, 244-45; deportation of, 229-30; discrimination against, 232; ethnic cleansing of, 7,198,229-46; ethnic terms and, 106-107; property of, 241; Soviets on, 231,236,241; and UNR, 117,126-27,128,145; and UPA, 230,234-37, 257,258,266; in World War II memories, 100 Polish Institute Kyiv, 238 Polish language, 232 Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 190 politics of memory: 8-11, 52,185-88, 257,260-63,265, 267,269,272-73; and detotalitarianization, 257; and EU, 265,269-73; Holocaust in, 187-88; recent, 272; Soviet, 52; state vs. local, 8-9,11; and textbooks, 254; in transitional justice, 259 Poltava Local Studies Museum, 124 Pomian, Krzysztof, 54-55 Popov, Veselin, 217, 218 poppy symbol, 57, 81,88Ո31 Poroshenko, Petro, 131,140-41,145-46, 272, 274Ո21 Portnov, Andrii, 8,91,237 postmemory, 40,41,184 Prayerfor the Government, (Abramson), 120 Prelitsch, Hans, 170 prosthetic memory, 184 Prosvita Society, 100,110Ո40 Putin, Vladimir, 263 Pyrih, Ruslan, 123 Rebet, Daria, 144 Red Army:
and Galician Poles, 230; and May 9 celebrations, 77, 81,83,104; and OUN, 126; veterans of, 7,11,100 regimes of memory, 11 regional differences of memory: on Holocaust, 188-94; on Galician Poles, 237-38,244-45; on Holodomor, 51; on postcommunist transition, 281-87,290-92; on World War II, 5-6,105-107, 142-44; in Ukraine, 188-93, Vi Reichskommissariat Ukraine, 143-44 resovietization, 268 Revolutionary Ukrainian Party (RUP), 118 Revolution of Dignity, 7,253, 257-58,268-70 Riabchuk, Mykolą, 6 RIA Novosti, 81 Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact. See Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact Ridnyi, Alexandr, 62 “Righteous Among Nations,” 186,248Ո21 Robertson, Tania, 99 Robitnycha hazeta, journal, 125,127 Roeder, Phillip, 278 Roma, the: collective memory of, 11,206-24,225Ո6, 227Ո81; diversity of, 210-13,219,225ՈՈ25,27; in Holocaust, 192,193, 206,212,215-16,219-24, 224-25Ո4; language, 193,210-11, 218,222,224-25Ո4; nomadic vs. settled, 209,215; as term, 207-208 Roman Catholic Church, 171,172,174, 230,242,296Ո20 Romanes language, 193, 210-11,218,222,224-25Ո4 Romania: Kingdom of, 172-73; in Transnistria, 206-224; Ukraine relationships with, 172-73.175-76 Rotach, Petro, 124 Rothberg, Michael, 187 Rudling, Per, 185 Rukkas, Andrii, 132,134 Russia: annexation of Crimea, 1,77,79; discourse on Ukrainian independence, 96; Donbas conflict with, 1,10,77,79,83,85,86, 87Ո15, ւօ8ոշ, 125,140,141,145, 149,151-52,154Ո2, i88, 253, 263, 264, 268,270, 271; fear of, 272; politics of memory in, 262; in Ukrainian debates on history, 6-7; and Ukrainian memory fields, 12; and Yanukovych, 80,268 Russian Empire, 124,126,256,264 Russian
language, 6,207,268 Russian Orthodox Church, 132 Russians: ethnic terms for, 106; in present Ukraine, 84, 85 Ruthenians/Ruthenian language, 171,232, 295Ո8 St. George Ribbon, 80-81,88Ո28 St. Michael Church, Kyiv, 60 Saint Volodymyr’s Cathedral, Kyiv, 121,122 Samchenko, Valentya, 132 Samchuk, Ulas, 38 Samvydav and Tamvydav fiction, 19,34,42 Savchenko, Nadiya, 158Ո93 Savchyn, Maria, 147 Schütze, Fritz, 5 Schwartzbard, Sholom, 119,120,123,126,127,134 Second Polish Republic, 232, 235-36
Index Second World Forum of Holocaust Memory, 187 Semenova, Pelageia, 37 Sendyka, Roma, 54 Serhiichuk, Volodymyr, 120 Shapoval, Yurii, 19,123,126 Shchors, Mykolą, 132,145 Shevchenko, Taras, 63,127-28 Shevel, Oxana, 11,270-71 shield memory, 184,197,200 Shoah. See Holocaust shtetls, 193-200 Shukhevych, Roman, 150, 266,267 Shulhyn, Oleksandr, 128 Shulika, Nadiia, 26 Sich Riflemen, 83 Sindbæk Andersen, Tea, 4 Skoropadsky, Pavlo, 119,121 Sluga Narodu party, 272 Smarzowski, Wojciech, 7, ւշոշւ, 237 Smith, Valerie, 153 Snyder, Timothy, 23,143 Sobieski, John, 231,245 social memory, 8-9 Society of Assistance to Defense and AviationChemical Construction (OSOAviaKhim), 33,34, 45Ո82 Soldatynko, Valerii, 120,127-28 Sovietization, 230 Soviet Union: architecture of, 58; collaboration with, 99; commemoration of World War II in, 56-57, 77-79, 86, 94-98,143; dissolution of, 11,277,279, 290-91,295m; and EU, 255-59; and Holodomor, 49-69; legacy of, 9,287-94; memory politics of, 185-88; monumental culture of, 68; nostalgia for, 4, 107,176, 261,279, 287, 292,294; politics of memory of, 52; pop culture of, 103; recent perception of, 291-95; symbolic domain of, 56-57; symbols banned, 269; and Ukrainian language, 98 Stalin, Josef, 77,97,267,278 State Political Directorate (GPU): and Holodomor, 22, 23,34,35,39, 41; and Petliura, 122,128,132 Stauber, Roni, 221 Stewart, Michael, 217,220 Stockholm International Forum on the Holocaust, 187 streets renamed, 178 Stryjek, Tomasz, 9,11,188 Strynozheni koni (Foľvarochnyi), 129 Subtelny, Orest, 186 suffering: and memorials, 67; remembrance as, 55 survivor
role: and Holocaust, 21,184,188,217; and Holodomor, 23-29,30,33,41,42; and Roma, 207, 212-13,215 Svoboda party, 268 I 305 symbolic domain, 56-57 “Symon Petliura: Knight of the Ukrainian Revolution” exhibition, 121 Tabachnyk, Dmytro, 145 Taiemnyi shchodennyk Symona Petliury (Yanchuk), 132 Taras Shevchenko University, 92 Teliha, Olena, 147 Tema dita medytatsii (Kononovych), 41 textbooks: alternative, 156Ո42; Holocaust in, 183,186; Holodomor in, 267; nationalism in, 99,103; Poles in, 236-37; and politics of memory, 254; in transitional justice, 259-60,268 Tiutiunyk, Yurii, 128,136Ո38 Tkuma Center for Holocaust Studies, 188 Törnquist-Plewa, Barbara, 4 Torres, Henri, 119 traitor role, 9,124,126,130,147,154,157Ո60 transformation, postcommunist, 1-3, 5,7,9,11, 20, 78-94,246, 255-56,277-87 transitional justice, 254, 255,259-70, 273 Transnistria Governorate, 11,195, 206-224 trauma: collective, 264; and commemoration, 59, 69; and experience, 9,184; national, 218; study of, 189; of survivors, 21,23, 59, 70, 220 Treaty of Nonaggression, 144 Treaty of Warsaw, 119-20 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 259 Tsarynnyk, Marko, 195 Tsyganism, 218-19, 222 “Two Decades After the Wall’s Fall” survey, 286 Tymoshenko, Yulia, 261, 267 Ukraina Moderna, journal, 188 Ukraina moloda, journal, 132 Ukraine: in Europe, 2-4; and European Union, 11, 25373; exceptionalism of, 4-8; and Holocaust, 183-200; and Holodomor, 50-69,107-108; independence of, 11, 96,190,242, 277-87, 289-90,296Ո24; national character of, 177-78,294; perception of history in, 183-84,285-87,291-95; and Russia, 267-68,284; statehood
of, 10,140-54; transformation of, 1-3, 5,7,9,11,20,78-94,246, 255-56, 277-87; as victim nation, 50-51,69; World War II in, 77-103 Ukraine: A History (Subtelny), 186 Ukraine Association Agreement, 268 “Ukraine During World War II: The Everyday Experience of Survival” project, 92-94 Ukrainian Army, 83,86 Ukrainian Association of Cinematographers, 132 Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC), 122 Ukrainian Center for Holocaust Studies, 188
Зоб ļ Index Ukrainian Central Council, 118,140 Ukrainian Congressional Committee of America, 132 Ukrainian General Military Committee, 118 Ukrainian Helsinki Group, 270 Ukrainian Institute of National Memory (UIPN): 1; and Galician Poles, 237; and gender, 10; and Holocaust, 188; and Holodomor, 112; and law, 269; and nationalists, 145-46; and women’s experience, 149-52 Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA); 5; and EU, 260-61, 268,269; and Galician Poles, 230,234-37,257,258, 266; heroic view of, 99-103,150; and Holocaust, 8, 183,185,187,256-59; and Maidan protestors, 149; and May 9 celebrations, 77,80,104-105; and memory regimes, 11; monuments to, 268; state recognition of, 270-71; veterans of, 7, 83; and Volhynian killings, 266; and women, 141,142,144-54,155Ո17,156Ո31, 157Ո68 Ukrainian language, 6, 98, 207, 269 Ukrainian Ministry of Culture, 51 Ukrainian Orthodox Church: Kyivan Patriarchate, 122, 124-25; Moscow Patriarchate, 242,268 Ukrainian Parliament, 1,8, 82,121,130-31,149,154Ո6, 178, 261, 267, 268,270, 272, 274Ո21,277 Ukrainian People’s Republic (UNR): Directory of, 125, 131; and Petliura, 10,117-35; and pogroms, 117-118, 119-21,123,125-26; recent attitudes toward, 261-63; and Soviets, 119 Ukrainian-Polish Defensive Alliance (Palij), 120 Ukrainian Red Cross, 150 Ukrainian Revolutionary Party, 124 Ukrainian Social Democratic Workers’ Party, 118 Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, 87Ո8, 94,169,172, 278, 295Ո8 Ukrainian symbolic domain, emerging, 60-61 “Ukrainian World War II, The” exhibition, 146 Ukrainians, The: Unexpected Nation (Wilson), 277 Ukrainity concept, 262-63
Ukrainskyi istorychnyi zhurnal, journal, 127 Uniate Church, 59 Union for the Liberation of Ukraine (SVU), 122 Union of Zemstva, 118 Vago, Raphael, 221 Verdery, Katherine, 3 Verstiuk, Vladislav, 123 Viatrovych, Volodymyr, 1,132,145-46,148,152,237 victim role: and commemoration, 10,77, 255; as competitive, 186,191; and Holocaust, 191-93,200, 218-19; and Holodomor, 52, 69; as shifting, 4, 258; and Ukraine, 50-51; women in, 147,149 Victory Day. See Day of Victory holiday “Victory-Liberation-Occupation” project, 78 violence: collective, 20-23, 42,43; historical, 4-8; and Holodomor, 26,28,30,38,39,41; institutionalized, 55, 220; against Jews, 195,198, 200; as mundane, 143; and nonplaces, 54; against Poles, 234,235,238,239; political, 147; rationalization of, 234-36; against Roma, 208,212,220; against women, 149,151-53 Virgin Mary, 141,178 “Voice of Heroes” performance, 83 Volhynia, genocide of Poles in, 1, 6; film on, 7, ւշոշւ, 237,238; silence on, 102,192; UPN and, 266 Volodymyr the Great, 140 Vorona, Petro, 124 Voronyi, Mykolą, 140 Vynnychenko, Volodymyr, 40,119,120,121,127,132 Vyzhnytsia mass-killing site, 10,195-99, 203Ո52 Wanner, Catherine, 8, 91,103 “War Makes No Exceptions” project, 151 “Warriors: History of the Ukrainian Military” project, 150-51 Wehrmacht, the, 77,101,258 Wertsch, James, 108 West Ukrainian People’s Republic (ZUNR), 119 White Movement, 81 Whitling, Frederick, 93 Wiesel, Elie, 220-21 Wilson, Andrew, 277 Wołyń film (Smarzowski), 7,12Ո21, 237 women: representations of, 10; nationalist, 140-54; in Ukrainian Armed Forces, 154Ո7 Wood, Nancy, 211 Woollacott,
Angela, 142 Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army (RSChA), 32; Workers’ Solidarity Day, 79, 296Ո35 World War I, in Galicia, 230 World War II: and collective identity, 10; conflicted memory of, 266-67; East vs. West attitudes on, 2-3; and Galician Poles, 234-35; generational divide on, 91-92; and Holocaust, 183-200; indoctrination on, 108; May 9 celebrations and, 77-87, 265, 269-70, 274Ո21; in memory of survivors, 91-108; nationalist narrative of, 99-103,145-46; regional divide in memories of, 5-6, 94, 99; Roma in, 206-24; Soviet Commemoration of, 56-57, 77-79, 86, 94-98,104; as term, 79-80, 86 Wylęgała, Anna, 9,11,189,198 Yanchuk, Oles, 132 Yanukovych, Viktor: and Bandera, 145,258; and May 9 celebrations, 79; ouster of, 118,130; and Petliura, 129-30; and Russia, 80, 267-68; and Soviet legacy, 94,261; and state policies of memory, 94,263, 267-68; and vote-rigging, 122
Index Yellow Prince, The (Barka), 38,39 Yeltsin, Boris, 263 Yisrael, Rav, 195-96 Yugoslav Wars, 255 Yunakiv, Mykolą, 128 Yurchuk, Yuliya, 146 Yushchenko, Victor: and Bandera, 145, 273П17,267; election of, 122, 265; fall of, 129-30; and Holocaust, 187, 201П27; and Holodomor, 49-50, 59, 62, 97, 267; and Nazis, 259; and Orange Revolution, 81, 261; and Petliura, 124-28,129; and Poland, 265-66; and state policies of memory, 94, 265-67,269-70; and UPA, 7, 117,118 Yuval-Davis, Nira, 148 Zabolotskii, Nikolai, 38 Zahlada, Nadiia, 27-28 Zahra, Tara, 92,107 Zaitsev, Oleksandr, 144 Zaryts’ka, Kateryna, 150 Zashkilniak, Leonid, 237 Zayarniuk, Andrii, 237 Zelenski, Volodymyr, 272 Zhovkva, removal of Galician Poles from, 230-44 Zhurzhenko, Tatiana, 98,143 Żółkiewski, Stanisław, 231-32,245 Zolochiv mass-killing site, 10,195-99 ZUNR Ukrainian Galician Army, 119 Bayerische ØløatsbibUothek München J 307 |
any_adam_object | 1 |
any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
author2 | Wylegała, Anna 1982- Głowacka-Grajper, Małgorzata 1976- |
author2_role | edt edt |
author2_variant | a w aw m g g mgg |
author_GND | (DE-588)1057923419 (DE-588)1125147334 |
author_facet | Wylegała, Anna 1982- Głowacka-Grajper, Małgorzata 1976- |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV046617001 |
classification_rvk | NQ 5055 ML 7260 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1153976203 (DE-599)BVBBV046617001 |
discipline | Politologie Geschichte |
discipline_str_mv | Politologie Geschichte |
format | Book |
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illustrated | Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-03T14:06:57Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-20T08:58:48Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9780253046710 9780253046703 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032028787 |
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spelling | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine edited by Anna Wylegała and Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper Bloomington, Indiana Indiana University Press [2020] © 2020 ix, 307 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index "In a century marked by totalitarian regimes, genocide, mass migrations, and shifting borders, the concept of memory in Eastern Europe is often synonymous with notions of trauma. In Ukraine, memory mechanisms were disrupted by political systems seeking to repress and control the past in order to form new national identities supportive of their own agendas. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, memory in Ukraine was released, creating alternate visions of the past, new national heroes, and new victims. This release of memories led to new conflicts and "memory wars." How does the past exist in contemporary Ukraine? The works collected in The Burden of the Past focus on commemorative practices, the politics of history, and the way memory influences Ukrainian politics, identity, and culture. The works explore contemporary memory culture in Ukraine and the ways in which it is being researched and understood. Drawing on work from historians, sociologists, anthropologists, psychologists, and political scientists, the collection represents a truly interdisciplinary approach. Taken together, the groundbreaking scholarship collected in The Burden of the Past provides insight into how memories can be warped and abused, and how this abuse can have lasting effects on a country seeking to create a hopeful future"-- Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 gnd rswk-swf Zweiter Weltkrieg Motiv (DE-588)4133624-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichtspolitik (DE-588)1041864515 gnd rswk-swf Nationalbewusstsein Motiv (DE-588)4197358-6 gnd rswk-swf Holodomor (DE-588)1151824690 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine / Historiography Ukraine / History / 1917- Memory / Ukraine Group identity / Ukraine Historiography Memory Ukraine Since 1917 History (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 g Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 s Geschichtspolitik (DE-588)1041864515 s Holodomor (DE-588)1151824690 s Zweiter Weltkrieg Motiv (DE-588)4133624-0 s Nationalbewusstsein Motiv (DE-588)4197358-6 s DE-604 Wylegała, Anna 1982- (DE-588)1057923419 edt Głowacka-Grajper, Małgorzata 1976- (DE-588)1125147334 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, web PDF 978-0-253-04673-4 (DE-604)BV046867150 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032028787&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032028787&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
spellingShingle | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg Motiv (DE-588)4133624-0 gnd Geschichtspolitik (DE-588)1041864515 gnd Nationalbewusstsein Motiv (DE-588)4197358-6 gnd Holodomor (DE-588)1151824690 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4200793-8 (DE-588)4133624-0 (DE-588)1041864515 (DE-588)4197358-6 (DE-588)1151824690 (DE-588)4061496-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
title | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |
title_auth | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |
title_exact_search | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |
title_exact_search_txtP | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |
title_full | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine edited by Anna Wylegała and Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper |
title_fullStr | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine edited by Anna Wylegała and Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper |
title_full_unstemmed | The burden of the past history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine edited by Anna Wylegała and Małgorzata Głowacka-Grajper |
title_short | The burden of the past |
title_sort | the burden of the past history memory and identity in contemporary ukraine |
title_sub | history, memory, and identity in contemporary Ukraine |
topic | Kollektives Gedächtnis (DE-588)4200793-8 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg Motiv (DE-588)4133624-0 gnd Geschichtspolitik (DE-588)1041864515 gnd Nationalbewusstsein Motiv (DE-588)4197358-6 gnd Holodomor (DE-588)1151824690 gnd |
topic_facet | Kollektives Gedächtnis Zweiter Weltkrieg Motiv Geschichtspolitik Nationalbewusstsein Motiv Holodomor Ukraine Aufsatzsammlung |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032028787&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032028787&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT wylegałaanna theburdenofthepasthistorymemoryandidentityincontemporaryukraine AT głowackagrajpermałgorzata theburdenofthepasthistorymemoryandidentityincontemporaryukraine |