Research methods in business studies:
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| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
[2020]
|
| Edition: | 5th edition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Literaturverzeichnis Seite 302-318 |
| Physical Description: | xix, 327 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781108708241 9781108486743 |
Staff View
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| adam_text | Contents List of Figures List of Tables Preface Acknowledgements 1 2 3 page xii xiv xv xviii Part I Challenges and Ambiguities of Business Research 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Purpose of the Book 1.2 Readership 1.3 On the Use of the Book 3 5 7 Research in Business Studies 8 2.1 The Nature of Knowledge Development 2.2 Why We Do Research 2.3 Research versus Common Sense 2.4 Different Research Orientations 2.5 Induction, Deduction, and Abduction 2.6 What Comes First: Theoiy or Data? 2.7 Knowledge Skills and Research 2.8 Why Research Never Stops 2.9 Research and Ethics 2.10 The Researcher and the Respondent 2.11 The Researcher’s Moral Responsibility Further Reading Questions Exercises 9 10 12 16 18 21 22 23 23 25 27 30 30 30 Part II The Research Process 31 The Research Process 33 3.1 The Process Perspective 3.2 Levels of Research 3.3 Research and Knowledge 33 36 37
vi Contents 3.4 What Comes First: Theory or Research? 3.5 Some Important Issues 38 39 3.5.1 Concepts 39 3.5.2 Definitions 39 3.5.3 Theory 41 3.5.4 Methods 42 3.6 Concluding Remarks Further Reading Questions Exercises 43 44 44 44 Research Problems 45 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Research Ideas Wrestling with Research Problems Research Problem and Research Purpose Models in Research 45 47 50 52 4.4.1 General Concepts and Specific Use 53 4.4.2 Model Purposes 54 4.5 The Role of Reviewing Past Literature Further Reading Questions Exercises 57 60 60 60 Research Design 61 5.1 The Design Problem 5.2 Problem Structure and Research Design 61 62 5.2.1 Exploratory Research 63 5.2.2 Descriptive Research 64 5.2.3 Causai Research 64 5.3 The Classic Experiment 5.4 Validity Threats 5.5 Other Research Designs 66 67 71 5.5.1 Cross-Section Data 71 5.5.2 Time-Series Data 72 5.5.3 Longitudinal Studies 73 5.5.4 Panel Data 5.6 Requirements in Research Design 5.6.1 Research and Choices Further Reading Questions Exercises 73 74 76 77 77 77
Contents 6 Measurements 78 6.1 The Operationalization of Variables 6.2 Scales of Measurement 78 81 6.2.1 Nominal Level (Scale) 81 6.2.2 Ordinal Level (Scale) 82 6.2.3 Interval Level (Scale) 82 6.2.4 Ratio Scale 7 83 6.3 Construct Measurement Using Multi-Item Scales 6.4 The Reliability and Validity of Measurements 6.5 Improving Your Measurements 6.6 Measurements in Qualitative Research Further Reading Questions Exercises 83 85 87 88 91 91 91 Part III Implementation 93 Data Collection for QualitativeResearch 95 7.1 Qualitative versus QuantitativeMethods 7.2 Different Qualitative Methods and When to Use Them 96 7.2.1 Historical Review 98 99 7.2.2 Grounded Theory 100 7.2.3 Case Studies 101 What Is a Case Study? 101 When to Use a Case Study 103 Preparing for a Case Study 104 How to Select the Cases 106 Sampling in Qualitative Research Theoretical Sampling 108 110 Different Types of Case StudyDesign 110 7.3 Observations 7.4 Communication 7.5 Interviews 111 114 115 7.5.1 Preparing for an Interview 117 7.5.2 Pre-Interview 120 7.5.3 The Interview 121 7.5.4 Post-Interview 123 7.6 Focus Groups 124 7.6.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Focus Groups 7.6.2 Conducting Focus Groups 126 126 vii
viii Contents 8 Further Reading Questions Exercises 128 128 128 Qualitative Data Analysis 129 8.1 Characteristics of Qualitative Research 8.2 Qualitative Data 8.3 Analytical Procedures 129 130 131 8.3.1 Analytical Activities 134 8.3.2 Data Reduction 139 8.4 Interpretation 8.5 Strategies for Qualitative Analysis 139 140 8.5.1 Departure from Theory 140 8.5.2 Departure from Data (Observations) 142 8.5.3 Analysing Case Studies 142 8.6 Quantifying Qualitative Data 8.7 Validity in Qualitative Research 8.8 The Use of Computers in Qualitative Research 143 146 146 8.8.1 A Word of Warning 8.9 Case Studies and Triangulation 8.10 Case Studies and Generalization Further Reading Questions Exercises 9 147 - 147 150 152 152 152 Data Collection for Quantitative Research 153 9.1 Secondary Data 154 9.1.1 The Advantages of Secondary Data 158 9.1.2 The Disadvantages of Secondary Data 158 9.2 Primary Data 159 9.2.1 The Advantages of Primary Data 160 9.2.2 The Disadvantages of Primary Data 160 9.3 Why Take Samples? 9.4 Probability Sampling 161 163 9.4.1 Simple Random Sampling 163 9.4.2 Systematic Sampling 164 9.4.3 Stratified Random Sampling 164 9.4.4 Cluster Sampling 164 9.4.5 Non-Response Bias 165 9.5 Non-Probability Sampling 166
Contents 9.6 Sample Size 9.7 Survey Research 10 9.7.1 Survey Administration 171 9.7.2 Questionnaire Design 172 9.7.3 Guidelines for Constructing Questionnaires 175 9.7.4 Improving Response Rates 178 9.8 Experimental Studies Further Reading Questions Exercises 179 181 181 181 Description and Preliminary Analysis of Quantitative Data 182 10.1 How to Describe the Data 183 10.1.1 Bar Charts, Histograms, and Scatter Plots 183 10.1.2 Measures of Central Tendency 187 10.1.3 Measures of Dispersion 188 10.1.4 Measures of Skewness 10.2 How to Analyse the Data 190 191 10.2.1 Hypothesis Testing 191 10.2.2 Comparison of Means (Independent Samples) 195 10.2.3 Comparison of Means (Paired Samples) 197 10.2.4 Correlation Coefficient (Continuous Variables) 199 10.2.5 Correlation Coefficient (Ordinal Variables) 204 10.2.6 Correlations between Nominal and/or Ordinal Variables 11 168 169 206 10.3 The Use of Computers in Quantitative Research Further Reading Questions Exercises 206 208 208 208 Multiple Regression 210 11.1 The Determinants of Export Performance 11.2 The Regression Model 211 212 11.2.1 Operationalization of the Variables 213 11.2.2 Functional Form 215 The Linear Relationship 215 The Semi-Logarithmic Relationship 216 The Quadratic Relationship 217 IT.2.3 Time Lags 219 11.3 Estimation Methodology 219 11.3.1 OLS Estimation 220
Contents 11.3.2 The Coefficient of Determination 221 11.3.3 The Assumptions Underpinning OLS Estimation The Omission of Relevant Explanatory Variables 223 224 Multicollinearity 226 11.3.4 The Residual Plot 228 11.3.5 Estimation Methodology with Nominal or Ordinal Dependent Variables 11.4 Hypothesis Testing 11.4.1 Testing for the Significance of Individual Regression Coefficients 230 231 231 11.4.2 Testing for the Joint Significance of Several Explanatory Variables 12 232 11.4.3 Testing for Common Method Variance 234 11.4.4 Statistical Significance and Effect Sizes 234 11.5 The Determinants of Export Performance Redux 11.6 What Constitutes a Good Regression Model? Further Reading Questions Exercises 236 239 241 241 241 Additional Methods ofQuantitative Analysis 243 12.1 Factor Analysis 243 12.1.1 Exploratory Factor Analysis 244 12.1.2 An Example of Factor Analysis: Burnout on Oil Rigs 246 12.2 Structural Equation Modelling 12.2.1 Estimation of Structural Equation Models 247 250 12.2.2 An Example of Structural Equation Modelling: Green Innovation 12.3 Event Studies 12.3.1 The Estimation Procedure 12.3.2 The Applicability of Event Studies 252 253 254 256 12.3.3 An Example of an Event Study: Cross-Border Acquisitions 13 258 12.4 Final Comments Further Reading Questions Exercises 259 261 261 261 Cross-Cultural Research 262 13.1 262 The International Dimension
Contents 14 13.2 Data Collection in Some Cross-Cultural Research 13.3 Collecting Cross-Cultural Data 13.4 Analysis of Cross-Cultural Data 13.5 Enhancing Trustworthiness of Cross-Cultural Research Further Reading Questions Exercises 265 267 270 273 275 275 275 Writing the Final Report 276 14.1 Purpose and Importance of a Written Presentation 14.2 Guidelines 276 277 14.2.1 Audience 277 14.2.2 Good Communication 278 14.2.3 Language and Flow 279 14.2.4 Form and Style 280 14.2.5 Headings 14.3 Structure of the Report 281 281 14.3.1 Title Page 282 14.3.2 Table of Contents 282 14.3.3 Executive Summary 282 14.3.4 Introduction and Problem Statement 283 14.3.5 Theoretical Background 283 14.3.6 Methodology 284 14.3.7 Findings 284 14.3.8 Conclusions 285 14.3.9 Footnotes 286 14.3.10 Bibliography and References 287 14.4 Oral Presentation 14.5 Writing for Publication Further Reading Questions Exercises 288 290 292 292 292 Appendix A: Sample of Manufacturing Firms, 2018 Appendix B: Simple Comparative Tests Appendix C: Formulae References Index 293 299 300 302 319 xi
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| title_full | Research methods in business studies Pervez Ghauri (University of Birmingham), Kjell Grønhaug (Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration, Bergen-Sandviken) , Roger Strange (University of Sussex) |
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Indexes
THWS Schweinfurt Zentralbibliothek Lesesaal
| Call Number: |
2000 QP 110 G411(5) |
|---|---|
| Copy 1 | ausleihbar Available Place a Hold |