Unlocking the English legal system:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London ; New York
Routledge
2020
|
| Ausgabe: | 6th edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Unlocking the law
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xxix, 421 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780367277468 9780367277475 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Unlocking the English legal system |c Tom Frost, Rebecca Huxley-Binns and Jacqueline Martin |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804180540688957440 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
GUIDE TO THE BOOK
PREFACE
LIST OF FIGURES
TABLE OF CASES
TABLES OF STATUTES AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS
1 THE SOURCES OF LAW
1.1 THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM
1.2 THE SOURCES OF LAW
1.3 THE COURTS
1.3.1 THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UK
1.4 THE COMMON LAW
1.4.1 PROBLEMS OF THE COMMON LAW
1.4.2 DEVELOPMENT OF EQUITY
1.5 PARLIAMENT
1.5.1 LEGISLATION
1.5.2 THE ENACTMENT PROCESS
1.6 DELEGATED LEGISLATION
1.6.1 STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS
1.6.2 LEGISLATIVE REFORM ORDERS
1.6.3 BY-LAWS
1.6.4 ORDERS OF THE LEGISLATIVE COMMITTEE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL
1.6.5 PARLIAMENTARY CONTROL OF SECONDARY LEGISLATION
1.6.6 JUDICIAL CONTROL OF SECONDARY LEGISLATION
1.7 LAW REFORM
1.7.1 JUDGES
1.7.2 PARLIAMENT
1.7.3 THE LAW REFORM AGENCIES
1.7.4 ROYAL COMMISSIONS
1.7.5 ACADEMICS
1.7.6 PRESSURE GROUPS
1.7.7 MEDIA PRESSURE
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION
FURTHER READING
2 THE ENGLISHLEGJ^
2.1 THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
2.2 THE EUROPEAN UNION
2.2.1 THE TREATY OF ROME
2.2.2 THE REMAINING EU TREATIES
XIV
XV
XVII
XVIII
XX
XXV
1
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
9
9
9
13
13
14
15
15
16
17
19
19
20
20
22
22
22
22
23
25
27
27
29
29
30
2.2.3 UK MEMBERSHIP OF THE EU 31
2.2.4 THE ROLE OF THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 33
2.2.5 EFFECT ON PARLIAMENTARY SOVEREIGNTY 33
2.3 BREXIT 35
2.3.1 THE REFERENDUM AND ITS BACKGROUND 35
2.3.2 INVOKING ARTICLE 50 TEU 35
2.3.3 THE EUROPEAN UNION (WITHDRAWAL) ACT 2018 37
2.3.4 AGREEING THE WITHDRAWAL AGREEMENT AND POLITICAL DECLARATION 38
2.3.5 THE FUTURE TRADING RELATIONSHIP 40
2.4 EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS 41
2.4.1 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 41
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 46
FURTHER READING 47
3 THEDOJCTJRINE^ _._49
3.1 WHAT IS THE DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT? 50
3.2 HOW DOES THE DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT OPERATE? 51
3.2.1 THE COURT HIERARCHY 51
3.2.2 RATIO DECIDENDI AND OBITER DICTA 52
3.2.3 PERSUASIVE PRECEDENT 55
3.3 THE DOCTRINE AS APPLIED IN INDIVIDUAL COURTS 56
3.3.1 THE SUPREME COURT 56
3.3.2 THE COURT OF APPEAL (CIVIL DIVISION) 61
3.3.3 THE COURT OF APPEAL (CRIMINAL DIVISION) 65
3.3.4 THE DIVISIONAL COURTS OF THE HIGH COURT 66
3.3.5 THE HIGH COURT 66
3.3.6 THE CROWN COURT 66
3.3.7 COUNTY COURTS AND MAGISTRATES COURTS 67
3.3.8 THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 67
3.3.9 THE JUDICIAL COMMITTEE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL 67
3.4 THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 69
3.5 THE DECLARATORY THEORY 71
3.6 AVOIDING PRECEDENTS 75
3.6.1 DISTINGUISHING 75
3.6.2 REVERSING 77
3.6.3 OVERRULING 77
3.7 PROS AND CONS OF PRECEDENT 78
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 79
FURTHER READING 80
4 STATUTORYINTJRPRETATION 81
4.1 INTRODUCTION 81
4.1.1 THE NEED FOR STATUTORY INTERPRETATION 81
4.1.2 APPLYING THE LAW 84
4.1.3 JUDICIAL LAW-MAKING 85
4.1.4 INTERPRETATION OR CONSTRUCTION? 86
4.1.5 PARLIAMENTARY DEFINITIONS 87
4.2 THE THREE RULES 87
4.2.1 THE LITERAL RULE 88
4.2.2 THE GOLDEN RULE 90
4.2.3 THE MISCHIEF RULE 92
4.3 THE PURPOSIVE APPROACH 95
4.3.1 EUROPEAN INFLUENCE 99
4.4 LITERAL APPROACH VERSUS PURPOSIVE APPROACH 101
4.5 RULES OF LANGUAGE 108
4.5.1 THE EJUSDEM GENERIS RULE 108
4.5.2 EXPRESSIO UNIUS EST EXDUSIO ALTERIUS (THE EXPRESS MENTION OF ONE
THING
EXCLUDES OTHERS) 109
4.5.3 NOSCITUR A SOCIIS (A WORD IS KNOWN BY THE COMPANY IT KEEPS) 109
4.6 PRESUMPTIONS 110
4.7 INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC AIDS 112
4.7.1 INTRINSIC AIDS 112
4.7.2 EXTRINSIC AIDS 112
4.7.3 THE USE OF HANSARD 113
4.7.4 LAW REFORM REPORTS 117
4.7.5 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS 118
4.8 THE EFFECT OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998 120
SAMPLE PROBLEM QUESTION 122
FURTHER READING 124
5 LEGAL..REASONING 127
5.1 INTRODUCTION 127
5.2 WHAT IS LEGAL REASONING? 127
5.3 THE CASE OF THE SPELUCEAN EXPLORERS 129
5.3.1 THE FACTS OF THE CASE 130
5.3.2 THE JUDGMENTS OF THE COURT 132
5.3.3 WHAT CAN THIS FICTIONAL CASE TELL US? 134
5.4 LEGAL FORMALISM 134
5.5 LEGAL REALISM 137
5.6 LEGAL POSITIVISM 139
5.7 NATURAL LAW 142
5.8 CRITICAL LEGAL STUDIES 144
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 147
FURTHER READING 148
6 CIVIL...COURTS 1.51
6.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE COURTS SYSTEM 151
6.1.1 CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CASES 151
6.1.2 SUPERIOR COURTS AND INFERIOR COURTS 154
6.1.3 APPELLATE COURTS AND TRIAL COURTS 154
6.1.4 COURTS AND TRIBUNALS 155
6.2 CIVIL COURTS OF TRIAL 156
6.2.1 QUEEN S BENCH DIVISION 156
6.2.2 CHANCERY DIVISION 157
6.2.3 FAMILY DIVISION 157
6.2.4 COUNTY COURT 157
6.2.5 SMALL CLAIMS 158
6.2.6 THE TRACK SYSTEM 158
6.2.7 TRANSFER OF CASES BETWEEN THE COUNTY COURT AND THE HIGH COURT 159
6.3 PROBLEMS IN THE CIVIL JUSTICE SYSTEM 161
6.3.1 THE CIVIL JUSTICE REVIEW 161
6.3.2 THE HEILBRON-HODGE COMMITTEE 162
6.4 THE WOOLF REPORT 162
6.4.1 THE TRACK SYSTEM 163
6.4.2 CIVIL PROCEDURE 163
6.4.3 CASE MANAGEMENT 164
6.4.4 PRE-ACTION PROTOCOLS 165
6.4.5 ENCOURAGING ADR 165
6.4.6 STRICT TIMETABLES 165
6.4.7 JUDGMENT IN DEFAULT AND SUMMARY JUDGMENT 166
6.4.8 PART 36 OFFERS TO SETTLE 166
6.4.9 ARE THE WOOLF REFORMS A SUCCESS? 167
6.5 ENFORCEMENT OF JUDGMENT 172
6.6 ONLINE COURTS 173
6.7 TRIBUNALS 174
6.7.1 ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNALS 175
6.7.2 TRIBUNALS, COURTS AND ENFORCEMENT ACT 2007 175
6.7.3 COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE 176
6.7.4 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF TRIBUNALS 178
6.7.5 DOMESTIC TRIBUNALS 179
SAMPLE PROBLEM QUESTION 180
FURTHER READING 182
7 NYIM.MI.]YG
7.1 ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 185
7.2 NEGOTIATION 186
7.3 MEDIATION 187
7.4 CONCILIATION 187
7.5 ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 188
7.6 DISPUTE RESOLUTION SERVICES 188
7.7 ARBITRATION 188
7.8 ENCOURAGING THE USE OF ADR 192
7.9 HAS ADR BEEN A SUCCESS? 193
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 196
FURTHER READING 198
8 CRMINALCOURTSANDP^ 199
8.1 INTRODUCTION 199
8.2 THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE RULES 201
8.3 THE CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE 201
8.3.1 CODE FOR CROWN PROSECUTORS 202
8.3.2 THE GLIDEWELL REPORT 204
8.3.3 VICTIMS RIGHT TO REVIEW 204
8.4 ADVANCE SENTENCE INDICATION 205
8.4.1 ADVANCE INDICATION OF SENTENCE NOT PLEA-BARGAINING 205
8.4.2 THE GOODYEAR RULES 206
8.5 COURTS EXERCISING CRIMINAL JURISDICTION 206
8.6 APPELLATE COURTS 206
8.6.1 THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 207
8.6.2 THE JUDICIAL COMMITTEE OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL 207
8.6.3 THE SUPREME COURT 208
8.6.4 THE COURT OF APPEAL (CRIMINAL DIVISION) 208
8.6.5 THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE 208
8.6.6 THE CROWN COURT - APPELLATE JURISDICTION 208
8.7 CRIMINAL COURTS OF FIRST INSTANCE 208
8.7.1 ADVERSARIAL SYSTEM 208
8.7.2 THE CROWN COURT 209
8.7.3 THE MAGISTRATES COURT 209
8.8 CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES 210
8.8.1 INDICTABLE ONLY OFFENCES 210
8.8.2 SUMMARY OFFENCES 211
8.8.3 OFFENCES TRIABLE EITHER WAY 211
8.8.4 THE CHOICE: MAGISTRATES COURT OR CROWN COURT? 214
8.9 THE RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY 215
8.9.1 THE AULD REPORT 215
8.9.2 THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 2003 216
8.9.3 DO WE HAVE THE RIGHT TO ELECT JURY TRIAL? 217
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 218
FURTHER READING 219
? APPEALS 221
9.1 INTRODUCTION 221
9.2 APPEALS IN CIVIL PROCEEDINGS 222
9.2.1 THE ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT 1999 222
9.2.2 THE COURT OF APPEAL (CIVIL DIVISION) 224
9.2.3 THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UK 224
9.2.4 OTHER APPEALS IN CIVIL CASES 225
9.3 APPEALS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS 225
9.4 PROSECUTION APPEALS 226
9.4.1 SECTION 36 CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 1972 226
9.4.2 SECTION 36 CRIMINAL JUSTICE ACT 1988 226
9.4.3 SECTIONS 54 AND 55 CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AND INVESTIGATIONS ACT 1996
226
9.4.4 APPEALS AGAINST A JUDGE S ERRONEOUS DECISION - CRIMINAL JUSTICE
ACT 2003 226
9.4.5 ABOLITION OF THE RULE AGAINST DOUBLE JEOPARDY - CRIMINAL JUSTICE
ACT 2003 227
9.5 DEFENCE APPEALS 229
9.5.1 APPEAL FOLLOWING SUMMARY TRIAL 229
9.5.2 APPEAL FOLLOWING TRIAL ON INDICTMENT 230
9.6 THE SUPREME COURT 233
VIII
9.7 OTHER COURTS 234
O, 9.8 THE CRIMINAL CASES REVIEW COMMISSION 235
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 239
Q FURTHER READING 241
U
10 FUNDING 243
10.1 ACCESS TO JUSTICE 243
10.2 PUBLIC FUNDING 244
10.2.1 HISTORY 244
10.2.2 THE ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT 1999 245
10.3 THE LEGAL AID, SENTENCING AND PUNISHMENT OF OFFENDERS ACT 2012
(LAPSO) 246
10.3.1 SERVICE PROVIDERS 246
10.3.2 CRITERIA FOR CIVIL LEGAL AID SERVICES 246
10.3.3 AVAILABILITY OF LEGAL AID 247
10.4 GOVERNMENT FUNDING IN CIVIL CASES 248
10.4.1 MEANS TESTING 248
10.4.2 PROBLEMS WITH FUNDING OF CIVIL CASES 250
10.5 PRIVATE FUNDING 252
10.5.1 CONDITIONAL FEE AGREEMENTS 252
10.5.2 HOW CONDITIONAL FEES WORK 252
10.5.3 SUCCESS FEE 253
10.5.4 INSURANCE PREMIUMS 253
10.5.5 ARE CONDITIONAL FEES WORKING? 254
10.6 ADVICE IN CIVIL CASES 255
10.6.1 CIVIL LEGAL ADVICE 255
10.6.2 SERVICE PROVIDERS 255
10.6.3 OTHER ADVICE AGENCIES 255
10.6.4 CITIZENS ADVICE BUREAUX 255
10.6.5 LAW CENTRES 256
10.6.6 SCHEMES RUN BY LAWYERS 256
10.6.7 INSURANCE 257
10.7 LEGAL AID IN CRIMINAL CASES 257
10.7.1 MERITS: THE INTERESTS OF JUSTICE TEST 257
10.7.2 MEANS TEST 258
10.7.3 ADVICE AND ASSISTANCE FOR INDIVIDUALS IN CUSTODY 259
10.7.4 THE PUBLIC DEFENDER SERVICE 259
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 260
FURTHER READING 262
11 JURIES 263
11.1 INTRODUCTION 263
11.1.1 THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE JURY 263
11.1.2 MODERN-DAY USE OF THE JURY 264
11.2 JURY QUALIFICATIONS 264
264
266
266
267
268
268
JURY QUALIFICATIONS
11.2.1
11.2.2
11.2.3
11.2.4
11.2.5
11.2.6
BASIC QUALIFICATIONS
DISQUALIFICATION FROM JURY SERVICE
EXCUSAL FROM JURY SERVICE
DISCRETIONARY EXCUSALS
MAKE-UP OF JURY PANELS
POLICE AND PROSECUTORS ON JURY SERVICE
SELECTION AT COURT
11.3.1
11.3.2
11.3.3
11.3.4
11.3.5
LACK OF CAPACITY
VETTING
AT COURT
CHALLENGING
AIDS FOR THE JURY
11.3 SELECTION AT COURT 270
271
271
271
272
272
11.4 JURIES IN CIVIL CASES 273
11.4.1 DEFAMATION CASES 274
11.4.2 DAMAGES IN DEFAMATION CASES 276
11.4.3 JURIES IN PERSONAL INJURY CASES 276
11.5 JURIES IN CORONERS COURTS 278
11.6 JURIES IN CRIMINAL CASES 278
11.6.1 VERDICTS 279
11.7 SECRECY OF THE JURY ROOM 280
11.7.1 COMMON LAW RULE 281
11.7.2 HUMAN RIGHTS AND JURY SECRECY 283
11.7.3 PRACTICE DIRECTION 285
11.8 RESEARCH INTO JURIES 285
11.9 ADVANTAGES OF TRIAL BY JURY 288
11.9.1 PUBLIC CONFIDENCE 288
11.9.2 JURY EQUITY 288
11.9.3 PANEL OF 12 289
11.10 DISADVANTAGES OF TRIAL BY JURY 289
11.10.1 RACIAL COMPOSITION AND BIAS 289
11.10.2 MEDIA INFLUENCE 290
11.10.3 PERVERSE VERDICTS 291
11.10.4 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE, CRIME AND VICTIMS ACT 2004 291
11.10.5 HIGH ACQUITTAL RATES 292
11.10.6 OTHER DISADVANTAGES 292
11.11 ALTERNATIVES TO TRIAL BY JURY 293
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 294
FURTHER READING 296
12 LAY.MAGISTRATES 299
12.1 INTRODUCTION 299
12.1.1 LAY MAGISTRATES 299
12.1.2 DISTRICT JUDGES 300
12.2 HISTORY OF THE MAGISTRACY 300
12.3 QUALIFICATIONS FOR LAY MAGISTRATES 300
12.3.1 AGE 301
12.3.2 LIMITATIONS 301
12.3.3 SIX KEY PERSONAL QUALITIES 301
12.3.4 AREA 302
12.3.5 COMMITMENT 302
12.3.6 ALLOWANCES 302
12.4 SELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF LAY MAGISTRATES 302
12.4.1 RECRUITMENT 302
12.4.2 ADVISORY COMMITTEES 303
12.5 TRAINING OF LAY MAGISTRATES 304
12.5.1 TRAINING FOR NEW MAGISTRATES 305
307
308
308
308
308
309
309
309
311
312
313
313
314
315
315
315
12.10 DISADVANTAGES OF LAY MAGISTRATES 316
12.10.1 MIDDLE-AGED, MIDDLE-CLASS 316
12.10.2 PROSECUTION BIAS 316
12.6
12.7
12.8
12.9
RESIGNATION AND REMOVAL OF LAY JUSTICES
12.6.1 RETIREMENT
12.6.2 REMOVAL
MAGISTRATES DUTIES
12.7.1 CRIMINAL CASES
12.7.2
12.7.3
12.7.4
12.7.5
CIVIL CASES
YOUTH COURT
FAMILY COURT
IMMUNITY FROM SUIT
THE MAGISTRATES CLERK
ADVANTAGES OF USING LAY MAGISTRATES
12.9.1 CROSS-SECTION OF SOCIETY
12.9.2 LOCAL KNOWLEDGE
12.9.3 COST
12.9.4
12.9.5
LEGAL ADVISER
FEW APPEALS
12.10.3 INCONSISTENCY IN SENTENCING 316
12.10.4 RACIAL BIAS 317
12.10.5 RELIANCE ON THE CLERK 317
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 318
FURTHER READING 320
13 TO1MGAL PROFESSIONS 321
13.1 INTRODUCTION 321
13.2 PARALEGALS AND LEGAL EXECUTIVES 322
13.2.1 CILEX 323
13.3 CURRENT TRAINING ROUTES TO BECOMING A SOLICITOR 324
13.4 SOLICITORS 325
13.4.1 ORGANISATION 325
13.4.2 EDUCATION AND TRAINING 327
13.4.3 THE SOLICITORS QUALIFYING EXAMINATION 329
13.4.4 THE WORK OF SOLICITORS 332
13.4.5 COMPLAINTS 336
13.5 BARRISTERS 338
13.5.1 ORGANISATION 338
13.5.2 TRAINING 339
13.5.3 WORK 340
13.5.4 COMPLAINTS 342
13.6 THE LEGAL PROFESSION - THE FUTURE? 344
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 346
FURTHER READING 347
14 THE JUDICIARY 349
14.1 INTRODUCTION 349
14.1.1 THE LORD CHANCELLOR 350
14.1.2 THE CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM ACT 2005 351
14.1.3 THE SUPREME COURT 352
14.2 THE JUDICIAL HIERARCHY 353
14.3 TRAINING 353
14.4 A NOTE ABOUT JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS 354
14.5 THE INFERIOR JUDGES 355
14.5.1 DISTRICT JUDGE (MAGISTRATES COURT) 355
14.5.2 DISTRICT JUDGE (COUNTY COURT) 355
14.5.3 RECORDER 356
14.5.4 CIRCUIT JUDGE 356
14.6 THE SENIOR JUDGES 356
14.6.1 HIGH COURT JUDGE 356
14.6.2 LORD JUSTICE OF APPEAL 357
14.6.3 HEAD OF DIVISION 357
14.6.4 JUSTICE OF THE SUPREME COURT 358
14.7 THE COMPOSITION OF THE JUDICIARY 359
14.7.1 THE JUDICIARY, SUBJECTIVITY AND IMPARTIALITY 362
14.7.2 THE POLITICS OF THE JUDICIARY 363
14.8 DISMISSAL AND JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE 365
SAMPLE ESSAY QUESTION 368
FURTHER READING 369
15 SENTTENCING 371
15.1 INTRODUCTION 371
X
15.1.1 MAXIMUM SENTENCES 371
15.1.2 MINIMUM SENTENCES 372
15.1.3 DANGEROUS OFFENDERS 372
15.1.4 YOUNG OFFENDERS 372
372
374
377
377
378
379
379
380
381
381
382
383
383
383
383
384
384
384
385
385
386
15.7.1 SERIOUSNESS 386
15.7.2 REDUCTION FOR A GUILTY PLEA 388
15.7.3 THRESHOLDS 388
15.7.4 PRE-SENTENCE REPORTS 389
15.8 PRISON STATISTICS 390
SAMPLE PROBLEM QUESTION 392
FURTHER READING 394
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.7
PURPOSES OF SENTENCING
15.2.1
15.2.2
15.2.3
15.2.4
15.2.5
15.2.6
PUNISHMENT
DETERRENCE
REFORM AND REHABILITATION
PROTECTION OF THE PUBLIC
REPARATION
DENUNCIATION
CUSTODIAL SENTENCES
15.3.1
15.3.2
15.3.3
LIFE SENTENCES
FIXED-TERM SENTENCE
SUSPENDED SENTENCES
COMMUNITY ORDERS
15.4.1
15.4.2
15.4.3
15.4.4
15.4.5
UNPAID WORK REQUIREMENT
ACTIVITY REQUIREMENT
CURFEW REQUIREMENT
EXCLUSION ORDER
SUPERVISION REQUIREMENT
YOUNG OFFENDERS
15.5.1
15.5.2
CUSTODIAL SENTENCES
YOUTH REHABILITATION ORDERS
FINES AND DISCHARGES
SENTENC
:INE PRACTICE
16 LEG.ALJSKI^^ 395
16.1 INTRODUCTION 395
16.2 LECTURES AND SEMINARS 396
16.3 RESEARCH SKILLS 396
16.3.1 NEUTRAL CITATIONS 397
16.3.2 THE HIERARCHY OF LAW REPORTS 398
16.4 KEY SKILLS IN WRITING 398
16.5 ANSWERING PROBLEM-BASED QUESTIONS 400
16.6 ANSWERING A DISCUSSION-BASED ESSAY 402
16.7 EXAMPLES OF ANSWERS TO DISCUSSION-BASED ESSAYS 405
XIII
FURTHER READING 409
INDEX 411 P,
O
Z
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Frost, Tom Huxley-Binns, Rebecca Martin, Jacqueline |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1212372573 (DE-588)107448102X (DE-588)1035430681 |
| author_facet | Frost, Tom Huxley-Binns, Rebecca Martin, Jacqueline |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Frost, Tom |
| author_variant | t f tf r h b rhb j m jm |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046177661 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KD661 |
| callnumber-raw | KD661 |
| callnumber-search | KD661 |
| callnumber-sort | KD 3661 |
| callnumber-subject | KD - United Kingdom and Ireland |
| classification_rvk | PU 4320 PU 4343 HD 232 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1164632701 (DE-599)BVBBV046177661 |
| dewey-full | 349.42 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 349 - Law of specific jurisdictions & areas |
| dewey-raw | 349.42 |
| dewey-search | 349.42 |
| dewey-sort | 3349.42 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft Anglistik / Amerikanistik |
| edition | 6th edition |
| format | Book |
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| genre | 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Einführung |
| geographic | Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Großbritannien |
| id | DE-604.BV046177661 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:37:23Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780367277468 9780367277475 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031557251 |
| oclc_num | 1164632701 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 DE-11 DE-20 DE-703 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 DE-11 DE-20 DE-703 |
| physical | xxix, 421 Seiten Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Routledge |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Unlocking the law |
| spelling | Frost, Tom Verfasser (DE-588)1212372573 aut Unlocking the English legal system Tom Frost, Rebecca Huxley-Binns and Jacqueline Martin 6th edition London ; New York Routledge 2020 xxix, 421 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Unlocking the law Recht Law England Rechtssystem (DE-588)4139924-9 gnd rswk-swf Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Großbritannien (DE-588)4022153-2 g Rechtssystem (DE-588)4139924-9 s 2\p DE-604 Huxley-Binns, Rebecca Verfasser (DE-588)107448102X aut Martin, Jacqueline Verfasser (DE-588)1035430681 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-429-29767-0 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031557251&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Frost, Tom Huxley-Binns, Rebecca Martin, Jacqueline Unlocking the English legal system Recht Law England Rechtssystem (DE-588)4139924-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4139924-9 (DE-588)4022153-2 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
| title | Unlocking the English legal system |
| title_auth | Unlocking the English legal system |
| title_exact_search | Unlocking the English legal system |
| title_full | Unlocking the English legal system Tom Frost, Rebecca Huxley-Binns and Jacqueline Martin |
| title_fullStr | Unlocking the English legal system Tom Frost, Rebecca Huxley-Binns and Jacqueline Martin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unlocking the English legal system Tom Frost, Rebecca Huxley-Binns and Jacqueline Martin |
| title_short | Unlocking the English legal system |
| title_sort | unlocking the english legal system |
| topic | Recht Law England Rechtssystem (DE-588)4139924-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Recht Law England Rechtssystem Großbritannien Einführung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031557251&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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