First farmers of the Carpathian Basin: changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines
This study explores and demonstrates processes of cultural change in the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC, among the Koeroes and Starcevo groups of the northern marginal zones of the Balkans. Within this period and zone, which forms the southern part of the Carpathian basin, clay was the fund...
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Oxford ; Philadelphia
OXBOW books
2019
|
| Series: | Prehistoric Society research paper
no. 8 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Summary: | This study explores and demonstrates processes of cultural change in the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC, among the Koeroes and Starcevo groups of the northern marginal zones of the Balkans. Within this period and zone, which forms the southern part of the Carpathian basin, clay was the fundamental and most abundant building block of material culture, architecture, everyday life and cult practices. Clay walls, furniture, ten thousands of vessels, hundreds of clay figurines and other cult objects accumulated as huge piles of clay debris in every settlement. Traditional system of subsistence patterns ceased to fully function when these first farmers occupied cool and wet hilly forested landscapes: the environmental and cognitive challenges gradually led to the decline of this clay-centred orbit. At the same time, these changes gave birth to a no-less stunning world constructed more of timber and stones, with transformations in subsistence, material culture and rituals. This transition is inextricably bound up with the formation of the first farmers' communities of Central Europe, the Bandkeramik (LBK) |
| Physical Description: | XIV, 154 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 1789251648 9781789251647 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a This study explores and demonstrates processes of cultural change in the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC, among the Koeroes and Starcevo groups of the northern marginal zones of the Balkans. Within this period and zone, which forms the southern part of the Carpathian basin, clay was the fundamental and most abundant building block of material culture, architecture, everyday life and cult practices. Clay walls, furniture, ten thousands of vessels, hundreds of clay figurines and other cult objects accumulated as huge piles of clay debris in every settlement. Traditional system of subsistence patterns ceased to fully function when these first farmers occupied cool and wet hilly forested landscapes: the environmental and cognitive challenges gradually led to the decline of this clay-centred orbit. At the same time, these changes gave birth to a no-less stunning world constructed more of timber and stones, with transformations in subsistence, material culture and rituals. This transition is inextricably bound up with the formation of the first farmers' communities of Central Europe, the Bandkeramik (LBK) | |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | CONTENTS List of Figures Author Abstract French Language Abstract German Language Abstract Foreword and Acknowledgements ix xi xii xiii xiv xv L Clayscapes — North Country: an introduction 1 2. The first farmers reaching the northern frontier of the Clayscapes The South-East European clay world Reaching the southern part of the Carpathian Basin — the split at the northern frontier The Körös setdement on the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld) The Starčevo branch in Transdanubia The Early Neolithic blank spot in the Danube-Tisza interfluve The Balkante origins of the Körös and Starčevo populations: the archaeological record complemented by the bioarchaeological evidence The Körös and Starčevo archaeological record and modelling of the radiocarbon dates The enigmatic lack of contact between the Körös and the Starčevo groups 16 18 18 3. Setting the scene: the Szakmar-Kisülés site of the Körös culture in southern Hungary The site and its finds Clay finds Burnt daub and plastering Anthropomorphic figurine Altars and miniature furniture 23 23 25 28 30 31 4. The monumental horned clay figurine Description and initial observations Computer tomography scanning Archaeometric analyses Finding a table fitted to the horned figurine 33 35 37 43 45 5. The closest parallels: a new type of cult object in the northernStarčevo and Körös orbit The first apparent parallels Further analogies from the northern peripheries of the Starčevo and Körös cultures The case against andirons Summary of the representations on the northern periphery 47 47 49 55 56 7 7 9 10 12 14
viii Contents 6. Further parallels, a cult object type of early monumentality in South-East Europe Southern Carpathian Basin, adjacent to Hungary Eastern Carpathian Basin Eastern Balkans (Bulgaria) Central and southern Balkans Turkish Thrace and north-west Turkey Other early Neolithic homed representations in South-East Europe Monumental sculpture with horned human representations from the later Neolithic of South-East Europe Summary of the typological features in South-East Europe Afterthought: a scanty afterlife. Small clay bovid representations in the Central European LBK 59 59 60 61 63 74 78 81 83 86 7. Changes in subsistence patterns on the northern frontiers: the growing importance of cattle husbandry Heading for Europe: domestic animals herded by the first farmers Sheep and goat husbandry in the Early Neolithic Clay representations of sheep and goat in the northern Balkans Sheep and goat husbandry becomes difficult Resilience strategy involves increasing cattle husbandry in the northern Balkans Early Neolithic Traces of the shift to cattle in the clay representations The dominance of cattle breeding on Early Neolithic sites in the Sárköz Danubian riverine region and in the western Carpathian Basin Domestic cattle as a social animal 87 87 88 89 90 93 95 96 100 8. Bulls that turn out to be cows: milking and female cattle depictions in the Early Neolithic? Do all cattle depictions portray bulls? Famous ‘bull’ skulls in prehistory The importance of sustainable herding and milk products in Early Neolithic communities So, did cattle herding and milking go hand in hand?
Milking cows — cow representations? 103 103 106 108 110 110 9. Implications: the biography of a monumental figurine on the northern peripheries, seen in the context of changes in ritual customs Domestication as a social change for both humans and animals The shift to cattle husbandry, the importance of cows - the shift from clay representations of human female bodies to the depiction of cows The biography of a figurine: the monumental clay sculpture from Szakmar-Kisülés The archaeological context: a tentative reconstruction of the cult paraphernalia 113 114 115 119 123 10. Clayscapes - North End: monumental horned figurines as an emblem of the transition to the Central European Neolithic The network around the figurine Changes in subsistence strategies, changes in cult practices Clayscapes - northern marginal zone. The end of the clay realm and the birth of the timber and stone world: the Linearbandkeramik 134 Bibliography 137 Index 149 131 131 132
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| discipline | Geschichte |
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| spelling | Bánffy, Eszter 1957- Verfasser (DE-588)132718901 aut First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines by Esther Bánffy Oxford ; Philadelphia OXBOW books 2019 XIV, 154 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Prehistoric Society research paper no. 8 This study explores and demonstrates processes of cultural change in the first half of the 6th millennium cal BC, among the Koeroes and Starcevo groups of the northern marginal zones of the Balkans. Within this period and zone, which forms the southern part of the Carpathian basin, clay was the fundamental and most abundant building block of material culture, architecture, everyday life and cult practices. Clay walls, furniture, ten thousands of vessels, hundreds of clay figurines and other cult objects accumulated as huge piles of clay debris in every settlement. Traditional system of subsistence patterns ceased to fully function when these first farmers occupied cool and wet hilly forested landscapes: the environmental and cognitive challenges gradually led to the decline of this clay-centred orbit. At the same time, these changes gave birth to a no-less stunning world constructed more of timber and stones, with transformations in subsistence, material culture and rituals. This transition is inextricably bound up with the formation of the first farmers' communities of Central Europe, the Bandkeramik (LBK) Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd rswk-swf Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd rswk-swf Pannonisches Becken (DE-588)4044475-2 gnd rswk-swf Pannonisches Becken (DE-588)4044475-2 g Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 s Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-78925-165-4 Prehistoric Society research paper no. 8 (DE-604)BV035786974 8 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030880712&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bánffy, Eszter 1957- First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines Prehistoric Society research paper Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4075272-0 (DE-588)4034402-2 (DE-588)4044475-2 |
| title | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines |
| title_auth | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines |
| title_exact_search | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines |
| title_full | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines by Esther Bánffy |
| title_fullStr | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines by Esther Bánffy |
| title_full_unstemmed | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines by Esther Bánffy |
| title_short | First farmers of the Carpathian Basin |
| title_sort | first farmers of the carpathian basin changing patterns in subsistence ritual and monumental figurines |
| title_sub | changing patterns in subsistence, ritual and monumental figurines |
| topic | Neolithikum (DE-588)4075272-0 gnd Landwirtschaft (DE-588)4034402-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Neolithikum Landwirtschaft Pannonisches Becken |
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