Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems: a practical primer
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Los Angeles ; London ; New Delhi ; Singapore ; Washington DC ; Melbourne
Sage
2019
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| Series: | Spatial analytics and GIS
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | xxx, 378 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781473958647 9781473958654 |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Xll
CONTENTS
List of Figures
List of Tables xxi
Preface xxii
Lis t of Aero ny m 5 xxiv
About the Authors xxv
Foreword xxvi
1 Agent-Based Modelling and Geographical Information
Systems 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Complexity and Geographical Systems 2
1.3 Models 5
1.4 Data 7
1.5 Individuals 7
1.6 Agent-Based Modelling and Geographical Information
Systems 9
1.7 Outline of the Book 10
1.8 Annotated Bibliography 12
2 Introduction to Agent-Based Modelling 14
2.1 Introduction 14
2.1.1 What Is an Agent? 15
2.1.2 Agent Rules 18
2.1.3 An Agent’s World 19
2.2 Advantages of Agent-Based Modelling 20
2.3 Limitations of Agent-Based Modelling 22
2.4 A Gallery of Applications 23
2.4.1 Segregation 24
2.4.2 SugarScape 26
2.4.3 Transportation Modelling 28
2.4.4 Decision-Making 30
2.5 Discussion 31
2.6 Annotated Bibliography 33
CONTENTS
3 Designing and Developing an Agent-Based Model 35
• C
3.1 Introduction JfO
3.2 Overview ---■■■
Û /
3.2.1 Purpose and Process 3 ÿ
3.2.2 Data Collection and Evaluation Plan j. V
3.2.3 Development and Software 40
3.2.4 Visualisation 40
3.2.5 Biases, Uncertainty and Assumptions 41
3.3 World 42
3.3.1 External Systems 42
3.3.2 Space 43
3.3.3 Time 45
3.3.4 Populations 45
3.3.5 Physical Rules 46
3.4 interactions 46
3.4.1 Physical Interactions 46
3.4.2 Communication 48
3.4.3 Resource Exchange 48
3.5 Agents 49
3.5.1 Characteristics 49
3.5.2 Decisions 50
3.5.3 Actions 51
3.6 Building a Segregation Model 52
3.6.1 Segregation Model: Overview 52
3.6.2 Segregation Model: Wo rid 54
3.6.3 Segregation Model: Interactions 56
3.6.4 Segregation Model: Agents 56
3.7 Other Frameworks and Approaches 58
3.7.1 Pattern-Orientated Modelling 58
3.7.2 Overview, Design Concepts and Details (ODD)
Protocol 58
3.8 Discussion 59
3.9 Annotated Bibliography 60
4 Building Agent-Based Models with NetLogo 62
4.1 Introduction 62
4.2 NetLogo Basics 63
4.2.1 The NetLogo Program 65
4.2.2 Contexts: Observer,Turtle, Patch (and Link) 68
4.2.3 The ask Command 70
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CONTENTS
4.3 First NetLogo Model
4.3.1 Creating the World
4.3.2 Buttons and Procedures
4.3.3 Sliders and Variables
4.3.4 Creating Turtles and Patches
4.3.5 Making the Model go
4.4 Advanced NetLogo Model
4.4.1 Advanced Variables
4.4.2 Grass Grows ...
4.4.3 Giving Birth
4.4.4 Creating a Graph
4.5 Annotated Bibliography
Fundamentals of Geographical Information Systems
5.1 Introduction
5.2 A (Very Brief) History of GIS
5.3 Representing the World
5.3.1 Raster Data
5.3.2 Vector Data
5.4 Time in GIS
5.5 GIS Software
5.6 Sources of Geographical Data
5.6.1 Volunteered and Ambient Geographical
Information
5.6.2 Social Media Data
5.6.3 Remotely Sensed Data
5.7 Preparing GIS Data Using QGIS
5.7.1 Performing Spatial Operations
5.7.2 Manipulating Vector Table Data
5.8 Visualising Results
5.8.1 Map Types
5.8.2 Map Elements
5.8.3 S tyling Trends
5.8.4 Interactivity
5.9 Discussion
5.10 Annotated Bibliography
Integrating Agent-Based Models and GIS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Coupling and Embedding GIS and Agent-Based Models
vii
CONTENTS
6.3 Tools for Constructing and Developing Agent-Based Models 129
6.3.1 Swarm 132
6.3.2 MASON 132
6.3.3 Repast 132
6.3.4 NetLogo 135
6.3.5 GAMA 137
6.4 Integrating GIS Data into Agent-Based Models 138
6.4.1 Using Raster Data in NetLogo 139
6.4.2 Using Vector Data in NetLogo 149
6.5 Exporting Data 165
6.6 Discussion 169
6.7 Annotated Bibliography 170
7 Modelling Human Behaviour 172
7.1 Introduction 172
7.2 The Challenge of Simulating Human Behaviour 174
7.3 Behavioural Frameworks 176
7.3.1 Types of Behavioural Frameworks 177
7.3.2 Challenges 180
7.4 Mathematical Approaches 180
7.4.1 Probabilistic Models 181
7.4.2 Threshold Models 182
7.5 Conceptual Cognitive Models 183
7.5.1 Beliefs-Desires-Intentions Model 183
7.5.2 Fast and Frugal Model 184
7.5.3 Physical Conditions, Emotional State, Cognitive
Capability and Social Status Model 186
7.6 Case Study: Simulating Consumer Behaviour Using
Probabilistic Rules 187
7.7 Case Study: Simulating Behaviour in Riots Using a
Cognitive Model 189
7.8 Discussion 190
7.9 Annotated Bibliography 192
8 Networks 194
8.1 Introduction 195
8.2 Basic Network Properties 196
8.2.1 Defining Graphs Mathematically 196
8.2.2 Building Graphs in NetLogo 197
8.2.3 Adjacency Matrices and Node Degree 198
viii
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CONTENTS
8.2.4 Traversing Graphs
8.2.5 Graph Density
8.2.6 Calculating Node Importance
8.3 Social Networks
8.3.1 Random Networks
8.3.2 Small-World Networks
8.3.3 Scale-Free Networks
8.4 Transport Networks: Agents Navigating a Road Network
8.5 Linking Geographical and Social Networks
8.6 Discussion
8.7 Annotated Bibliography
Spatial Statistics
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Hypothetical Data
9.3 Goodness of Fit with Global Statistics
9.4 Visual Comparisons
9.5 Description of the Properties of Point Data
9.6 Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA)
9.6.1 Dual KDE
9.6.2 G7*
9.7 Multi-scale Error Analysis
9.8 Discussion
9.9 Annotated Bibliography
Evaluating Our Models: Verification, Calibration,
Validation
10.1 Evaluating Models: An Overview
10.2 Verification
10.2.1 Code Testing
10.2.2 Simplifying Environments
10.2.3 Expected Outcome Alignment
10.2.4 Docking
1 0.3 Calibration
10.3.1 Qualitative Calibration
10.3.2 Quantitative Calibration
10.3.3 Quantitative Calibration Example: WalkThisWay
10.4 Validation
10.5 Discussion
10.6 Annotated Bibliography
IX
CONTENTS
11 Alternative Modelling Approaches 265
11.1 Introduction 265
11.2 An Overview of Different Modelling Approaches 266
11.2.1 Cellular Automata 266
11.2.2 Microsimulation 268
11.2.3 Discreet Event Simulation 270
11.2.4 System Dynamics 271
11.2.5 Spatial Interaction Models 272
11.3 Comparing Different Modelling Approaches 274
11.4 A Practical Comparison:The SIR Model 276
11.4.1 The System Dynamics Approach 276
11.4.2 The Agent-Based Approach 276
11.4.3 The Cellular Automata Approach 279
11.4.4 The Discrete Event Simulation Approach 279
11.4.5 Comparative Analysis 280
11.5 Discussion 283
11.6 Annotated Bibliography 283
12 Summary and Outlook 285
12.1 Introduction 285
12.2 Remaining Challenges 286
12.2.1 Reasons for Modelling 286
12.2.2 Theory and Models 287
12.2.3 Inter-model Comparison 287
12.2.4 Replication and Experiment 288
12.2.5 Verification and Validation 289
12.2.6 Agent Representation, Aggregation and
Dynamics 290
12.2.7 Behaviour 290
12.2.8 Sharing and Dissemination of the Model 291
12.2.9 Data Challenges 292
12.3 Looking Ahead 294
12.3.1 Big Data and Agent-Based Modelling 295
12.3.2 Model Integration 298
12.3.3 Uncertainty and Ensembles 303
12.3.4 Data Assimilation 304
12.3.5 Spatially Learning Agents 304
12.4 Discussion 305
12.5 Annotated Bibliography 306
x
CONTENTS
App endices 309
A Gallery of Applications 311
A.1 Disease Dynamics in a Refugee Camp 311
A.2 Hiker Movements in the Dolomites UNESCO World
Heritage Site 313
A.3 Modelling the Emergence of Riots 313
A.4 The Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog Assessment Model 314
A.5 Understanding Artificial Anasazi 314
A. 6 The Spread of Agriculture during the Neolithic Period 315
A.7 WalkT his Way 317
A.8 Natural Disasters and Humanitarian Relief 318
A.9 Using Social Media Content to Inform Agent-Based
Models for Humanitarian Crisis Response 319
A. 10 ModellingTransportation and Development for Reston,VA 320
A. 11 Agent-Based Modelling for Community Resource
Management 320
A. 12 Agent-Based Modelling of Conflict Diamonds 322
A. 13 Exploring the Growth of Slums 323
A. 14 RiftLand: Analysing Conflict, Disasters and Humanitarian
Crises in East Africa 325
A. 15 Modelling Forced Migration 326
A. 16 Studying Coupled Human-Artificial-Natural Systems in
Boreal and Arctic Regions 327
References 329
Index 368
xi
‘A highly original and much-needed book for students at all levels to learn about geosimulation
and modelling with geographic automata.’
Suzana Dragicevic, Simon Fraser University
‘A great introduction for all those interested in learning about agent-based simulation where
physical space is an important factor. It will be a very useful resource for both beginners and
more advanced researchers.’
Bruce Edmonds, Manchester Metropolitan University
This pioneering text demonstrates how agent-based modelling can be integrated with geographical
information systems (GIS) to produce new insights on complex geographical phenomena, from
patterns of urban growth to trends in mobility, population dynamics and health.
Providing step-by-step guidance and packed full of practical examples, Agent-Based Modelling and
Geographical Information Systems will show you:
• The fundamental theory and potential applications of agent-based modelling
• How to design, build, and evaluate agent-based models
• The how and why of integrating agent-based modelling with GIS
• How agent-based models allow us to study connections between people and places
Supported by an online code repository and tutorials, enabling you to walk through the examples in
the text, this book will give you the essential knowledge and practical skills required for building and
running your own agent-based models for simulating geographical systems.
www.abmgis.org
Andrew Crooks is Associate Professor in the Department of Computational and Data Sciences at
George Mason University
Nick Malleson is Associate Professor in the School of Geography at the University of Leeds
Ed Manley is Associate Professor at the Bartlett Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis at University
College London
Alison Heppenstall is Professor in Geocomputation at the University of Leeds
|
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| spelling | Crooks, Andrew aut Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer Andrew Crooks, Nick Malleson, Ed Manley, Alison Heppenstall Los Angeles ; London ; New Delhi ; Singapore ; Washington DC ; Melbourne Sage 2019 xxx, 378 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Spatial analytics and GIS Geoinformationssystem (DE-588)4261642-6 gnd rswk-swf Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd rswk-swf Geoinformationssystem (DE-588)4261642-6 s Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 s DE-604 Malleson, Nick (DE-588)1151401862 aut Manley, Ed aut Heppenstall, Alison J. (DE-588)1034192019 aut Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030713778&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030713778&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Crooks, Andrew Malleson, Nick Manley, Ed Heppenstall, Alison J. Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer Geoinformationssystem (DE-588)4261642-6 gnd Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd |
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| title | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer |
| title_auth | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer |
| title_exact_search | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer |
| title_full | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer Andrew Crooks, Nick Malleson, Ed Manley, Alison Heppenstall |
| title_fullStr | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer Andrew Crooks, Nick Malleson, Ed Manley, Alison Heppenstall |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems a practical primer Andrew Crooks, Nick Malleson, Ed Manley, Alison Heppenstall |
| title_short | Agent-based modelling and Geographical Information Systems |
| title_sort | agent based modelling and geographical information systems a practical primer |
| title_sub | a practical primer |
| topic | Geoinformationssystem (DE-588)4261642-6 gnd Mehragentensystem (DE-588)4389058-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geoinformationssystem Mehragentensystem |
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