Carbon materials: science and applications
Elemental carbon materials take numerous forms including graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, fullerene and diamond. These forms differ greatly in the structure, properties, fabrication method, and applications. The applications of these carbon forms inc...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New Jersey ; London ; Singapore ; Beijing ; Shanghai ; Hong Kong ; Taipei ; Chennai
World Scientific
[2019]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Engineering materials for technological needs
3 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Elemental carbon materials take numerous forms including graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, fullerene and diamond. These forms differ greatly in the structure, properties, fabrication method, and applications. The applications of these carbon forms include electronic, electromagnetic, electrochemical, environmental and biomedical applications. Carbon materials are a subject of intense research, with strong relevance to both science and technology.This book provides a tutorial-style and up-to-date coverage of the carbon forms. In addition to an introductory chapter on carbon materials, the book includes chapters on graphite, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon nanofibers/nanotubes. For example, the chapter on graphite covers various materials in the graphite family, including polycrystalline graphite, pyrolytic graphite, turbostratic carbon, intercalated graphite, graphite oxide, exfoliated graphite and flexible graphite, in addition to their electronic and mechanical properties.This book is suitable for use as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in science and engineering, and as a reference book for professionals. It is dedicated to the memory of the author's PhD thesis advisor, Professor M S Dresselhaus (1930-2017) of Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Beschreibung: | xiii, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9789813221901 9789811200939 |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Engineering materials for technological needs |v 3 | |
| 520 | |a Elemental carbon materials take numerous forms including graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, fullerene and diamond. These forms differ greatly in the structure, properties, fabrication method, and applications. The applications of these carbon forms include electronic, electromagnetic, electrochemical, environmental and biomedical applications. Carbon materials are a subject of intense research, with strong relevance to both science and technology.This book provides a tutorial-style and up-to-date coverage of the carbon forms. In addition to an introductory chapter on carbon materials, the book includes chapters on graphite, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon nanofibers/nanotubes. For example, the chapter on graphite covers various materials in the graphite family, including polycrystalline graphite, pyrolytic graphite, turbostratic carbon, intercalated graphite, graphite oxide, exfoliated graphite and flexible graphite, in addition to their electronic and mechanical properties.This book is suitable for use as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in science and engineering, and as a reference book for professionals. It is dedicated to the memory of the author's PhD thesis advisor, Professor M S Dresselhaus (1930-2017) of Massachusetts Institute of Technology | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804178770820595712 |
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| adam_text | Contents Preface................................................................................................................vii 1. Introduction to carbon materials.................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction........................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Graphite.....................................................................................2 1.1.2 Diamond.....................................................................................3 1.1.3 Fullerene....................................................................................5 1.2 The graphite family...............................................................................5 1.2.1 Graphite and turbostratic carbon................................................6 1.2.2 Carbon fibers and nanofibers.................................................... 6 1.2.3 Carbon nanotubes....................................................................... 7 1.2.4 Intercalated graphite.................................................................. 7 1.2.5 Graphite oxide............................................................................ 7 1.2.6 Exfoliated graphite.................................................................... 8 1.2.7 Flexible graphite........................................................................8 1.2.8 Graphene.................................................................................... 9 1.2.9 Activated
carbon.......................................................................9 1.2.10 Carbon black..............................................................................9 1.2.11 Carbon-carbon composites...................................................... 10 1.3 The diamond family............................................................................ 11 1.3.1 Diamond................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Diamond-like carbon............................................................... 15 1.3.2 Graphane................................................................................. 17 1.4 The fullerene family............................................................................ 18 References ................................................................................................ 19 2. Graphite....................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Structure of graphite and carbon in the graphite family.....................21 ix
x Carbon Materials: Science and Applications 2.2 Fabrication of graphite......................................................................... 26 2.2.1 Polycrytalline graphite..............................................................26 2.2.2 Graphite flakes.......................................................................... 29 2.2.3 Pyrolytic graphite......................................................................29 2.3 Properties of graphite........................................................................... 31 2.4 Reciprocal lattice................................................................................. 34 2.5 Electronic energy bands....................................................................... 37 2.6 Magnetic energy levels........................................................................41 2.7 Electrical properties............................................................................. 45 2.8 Lattice vibrations................................................................................. 46 2.9 Graphite intercalation compounds.......................................................48 2.9.1 Classification of graphite intercalation compounds................. 49 2.9.2 Covalent intercalation compounds............................................50 2.9.2.1 Graphite oxide (graphitic acid).................................... 51 2.9.2.2 Carbon monofluoride (graphite monofluoride)............52 2.9.2.3 Tetracarbon monofluoride............................................52 2.9.3 Ionic intercalation
compounds..................................................53 2.9.3.1 Graphite-halogens......................................................... 54 2.9.3.2 Graphite-alkali metals...................................................56 2.9.3.3 Graphite-acid compounds.............................................58 2.9.3.4 Graphite-halide compounds..........................................59 2.9.4 Intercalated graphite fibers........................................................60 2.10 Exfoliated graphite............................................................................... 61 2.10.1 Structure and formation...........................................................61 2.10.2 Viscoelastic and elastomeric properties.................................. 65 2.10.3 Dielectric properties.................................................................73 2.10.4 Thermal and electrical conductivities..................................... 75 2.10.5 Adsorption and filtration behavior...........................................79 2.11 Flexible graphite.................................................................................. 79 References ................................................................................................ 81 3. Graphene..................................................................................................... 85 3.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 85 3.2 Electronic structure of graphene..........................................................87 3.3 Optical
behavior................................................................................... 90 3.4 Defects in graphene.............................................................................. 92 3.5 Mechanical behavior............................................................................93 3.6 Preparation of graphene.......................................................................93
Contents xi 3.6.1 Preparation of graphene by the cleavage of graphite...............93 3.6.2 Preparation of graphene by the mechanical disintegration of intercalated graphite.............................................................94 3.6.3 Preparation of graphene by the chemical reduction of graphene oxide.........................................................................98 3.6.4 Preparation of graphene by nonoxidizing liquid exfoliation.. 110 3.6.5 Preparation of graphene by chemical vapor deposition......... 110 3.7 Graphene yams................................................................................. 113 3.8 Graphene paper................................................................................. 114 3.9 Graphene foam.................................................................................. 117 3.10 Graphene ink.................................................................................... 119 3.11 Graphene quantum dots.................................................................... 122 3.12 Doping of graphene........................................................................... 122 3.13 Hybrids of graphene and carbon nanotubes.......................................122 3.14 Hybrids of graphene and carbon fibers..............................................124 3.15 Hybrids of graphene and electrochemical electrode materials...........125 References................................................................................................. 125 4. Carbon
black............................................................................................. 133 4.1 Introduction......................................................................................133 4.2 Fabrication ...................................................................................... 133 4.3 Structure ...................................................................................... 135 4.4 Squishability and compaction........................................................... 151 4.5 Application in thermal interface materials........................................ 153 4.6 Application as an electrically conductive additive............................ 155 4.7 Dielectric behavior............................................................................ 157 4.8 Viscoelastic behavior........................................................................ 167 4.8.1 Nanoindentation behavior...................................................... 167 4.8.2 Dynamic mechanical properties............................................. 174 4.9 Carbon black composites.................................................................. 179 4.10 Competing materials.........................................................................185 4.11 Market and applications....................................................................188 References ............................................................................................... 190 5. Activated carbon..................................................................................... 195 5.1
Stmcture of activated carbon............................................................195 5.2 Adsorption........................................................................................200 5.3 Forms of activated carbon.................................................................203
xii Carbon Materials: Science and Applications 5.3.1 Granular activated carbon.......................................................204 5.3.2 Powdered activated carbon.....................................................206 5.3.3 Extruded activated carbon.......................................................207 5.3.4 Bead activated carbon.............................................................207 5.4 Activated carbon assemblies..............................................................208 5.4.1 Honeycomb carbon filters...................................................... 208 5.4.2 Activated carbon blocks withhollow channels........................ 209 5.4.3 Activated carbon foam............................................................ 210 5.4.4 Activated carbon foam assemblies.......................................... 212 5.4.5 Activated carbon liber fabric.................................................. 212 5.4.6 Activated carbon composites.................................................. 213 5.5 Fabrication of activated carbon..........................................................214 5.5.1 Steam activation......................................................................214 5.5.2 Gas activation.......................................................................... 215 5.5.3 Chemical activation.................................................................216 5.6 Regeneration of activated carbon.......................................................219 5.7 Processing-structure-property relationships of activated carbon..... 221 5.8 Applications
of activated carbon........................................................227 5.8.1 Water purification................................................................... 228 5.8.2 Air purification........................................................................ 231 5.8.3 Gas purification....................................................................... 233 5.8.4 Waste treatment...................................................................... 234 5.8.5 Carbon dioxide capture...........................................................235 5.8.6 Heat pumps and refrigeration..................................................235 5.8.7 Electrochemical components..................................................236 5.8.8 Catalyst support......................................................................237 5.9 Market of activated carbon.................................................................238 References .............................................................................................. 241 6. Carbon fibers............................................................................................... 245 6.1 Introduction....................................................................................... 245 6.2 Applications and market....................................................................245 6.3 Continuous fiber assemblies..............................................................248 6.4 Discontinuous fibers.......................................................................... 258 6.5
Microstructure.................................................................................... 264 6.6 Fabrication ....................................................................................... 266 6.7 Continuous carbon fibers vs. other materials.................................... 273 6.8 Carbon fiber composites....................................................................278 References ................................................................................................ 292
Contents 7. xiii Carbon nanofibers and nanotubes............................................................... 295 7.1 Introduction.......................................................................................... 295 7.2 Structure of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes................................... 295 7.3 Properties of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes................................. 317 7.4 Mats and yams of CNF s/CNTs...........................................................318 7.4.1 Mats............................................................................................319 7.4.1.1 Fabrication of mats......................................................319 7.4.1.2 Electrical and electromagnetic behavior of mats...... 319 7.4.1.3 Mechanical behavior of mats......................................320 7.4.1.4 Electrochemical behavior of mats...............................321 7.4.2 Yams...........................................................................................322 7.4.2.1 Fabrication of yams..................................................... 322 7.4.2.2 Mechanical behavior of yams.....................................324 7.5 Assemblies involving CNTs/CNFs......................................................325 7.5.1 Vertically aligned CNTs...........................................................325 7.5.2 CNF/CNT with filled core channel..........................................328 7.5.3 CNF s/CNTs grown oncarbonfibers........................................332 7.5.4 CNTs grown on carbon
black.................................................. 335 7.5.5 CNTs grown on graphene, reduced graphene oxide or exfoliated graphite................................................................ 335 7.5.6 Carbon deposited on CNTs.......................................................336 7.5.7 CNTs grown on alumina...........................................................336 7.5.8 CNTs grown on silica fibers.....................................................336 7.5.9 CNFs grown on cordierite.........................................................337 7.5.10 CNTs grown on metals............................................................. 338 7.5.11 CNTs attached to polymers.......................................................339 7.5.12 CNFs/CNTs mixed with electrochemical electrode material.339 7.6. Fabrication of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes...............................339 7.6.1 Fabrication of carbon nanofibers/nanotubes from carbonaceous gases................................................................... 339 7.6.2 Fabrication of carbon nanofibers from electrospun polymer nanofibers................................................................... 347 7.6.4 Graphitization of carbon nanofibers......................................... 348 7.7 Competing materials........................................................................... 349 References ...................................................................................................351 Index 361
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| author | Chung, Deborah D. L. 1952- |
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| id | DE-604.BV045120706 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:09:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789813221901 9789811200939 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030510849 |
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| physical | xiii, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2019 |
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| series | Engineering materials for technological needs |
| series2 | Engineering materials for technological needs |
| spelling | Chung, Deborah D. L. 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)123814944 aut Carbon materials science and applications Deborah D.L. Chung New Jersey ; London ; Singapore ; Beijing ; Shanghai ; Hong Kong ; Taipei ; Chennai World Scientific [2019] © 2019 xiii, 367 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Engineering materials for technological needs 3 Elemental carbon materials take numerous forms including graphite, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, fullerene and diamond. These forms differ greatly in the structure, properties, fabrication method, and applications. The applications of these carbon forms include electronic, electromagnetic, electrochemical, environmental and biomedical applications. Carbon materials are a subject of intense research, with strong relevance to both science and technology.This book provides a tutorial-style and up-to-date coverage of the carbon forms. In addition to an introductory chapter on carbon materials, the book includes chapters on graphite, graphene, carbon black, activated carbon, carbon fibers, and carbon nanofibers/nanotubes. For example, the chapter on graphite covers various materials in the graphite family, including polycrystalline graphite, pyrolytic graphite, turbostratic carbon, intercalated graphite, graphite oxide, exfoliated graphite and flexible graphite, in addition to their electronic and mechanical properties.This book is suitable for use as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in science and engineering, and as a reference book for professionals. It is dedicated to the memory of the author's PhD thesis advisor, Professor M S Dresselhaus (1930-2017) of Massachusetts Institute of Technology Carbon Carbon compounds Polymers Materials Carbon fast Carbon compounds fast Materials fast Polymers fast Graphen (DE-588)7591667-8 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenstoff (DE-588)4164538-8 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenstoffwerkstoff (DE-588)4031677-4 gnd rswk-swf Grafit (DE-588)4158067-9 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenstofffaser (DE-588)4128150-0 gnd rswk-swf Kohlenstoffwerkstoff (DE-588)4031677-4 s DE-604 Kohlenstoff (DE-588)4164538-8 s Grafit (DE-588)4158067-9 s Graphen (DE-588)7591667-8 s Kohlenstofffaser (DE-588)4128150-0 s Engineering materials for technological needs 3 (DE-604)BV037405636 3 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030510849&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Chung, Deborah D. L. 1952- Carbon materials science and applications Engineering materials for technological needs Carbon Carbon compounds Polymers Materials Carbon fast Carbon compounds fast Materials fast Polymers fast Graphen (DE-588)7591667-8 gnd Kohlenstoff (DE-588)4164538-8 gnd Kohlenstoffwerkstoff (DE-588)4031677-4 gnd Grafit (DE-588)4158067-9 gnd Kohlenstofffaser (DE-588)4128150-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)7591667-8 (DE-588)4164538-8 (DE-588)4031677-4 (DE-588)4158067-9 (DE-588)4128150-0 |
| title | Carbon materials science and applications |
| title_auth | Carbon materials science and applications |
| title_exact_search | Carbon materials science and applications |
| title_full | Carbon materials science and applications Deborah D.L. Chung |
| title_fullStr | Carbon materials science and applications Deborah D.L. Chung |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon materials science and applications Deborah D.L. Chung |
| title_short | Carbon materials |
| title_sort | carbon materials science and applications |
| title_sub | science and applications |
| topic | Carbon Carbon compounds Polymers Materials Carbon fast Carbon compounds fast Materials fast Polymers fast Graphen (DE-588)7591667-8 gnd Kohlenstoff (DE-588)4164538-8 gnd Kohlenstoffwerkstoff (DE-588)4031677-4 gnd Grafit (DE-588)4158067-9 gnd Kohlenstofffaser (DE-588)4128150-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Carbon Carbon compounds Polymers Materials Graphen Kohlenstoff Kohlenstoffwerkstoff Grafit Kohlenstofffaser |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030510849&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV037405636 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chungdeborahdl carbonmaterialsscienceandapplications |