The Water Convention: responding to global water challenges
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York ; Geneva
United Nations
2018
|
| Schriftenreihe: | United Nations publication
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 11 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9789211171532 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Water Convention |b responding to global water challenges |c United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York ; Geneva |b United Nations |c 2018 | |
| 300 | |a 11 Seiten |b Illustrationen | ||
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030479193 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804178709699100672 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABBREVIATIONS V
LIST OF FIGURES IX
ABSTRACT XI
1. INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES: AN OVERVIEW 2
L. 1.1. NEUROTROPHIN/TRK RECEPTOR SIGNALING 3
1.1.1.1. NEUROTROPHIN/TRK SIGNALING FOR NEURON SURVIVAL 6
1.1.1.2. OTHER NEUROTROPHIN/TRK FUNCTIONS IN THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL
NERVOUS
SYSTEM . . 8
1.1.2. RET/GDNF SIGNALING 10
1.1.2.1. GDNF, RET AND GFRAL: MOUSE MODELS 12
1.1.2.2. GDNF, RET AND GFRAL FUNCTIONS IN THE CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL
NERVOUS
SYSTEMS 13
1.1.2.3. GDNF AND RET CAN SIGNAL INDEPENDENTLY OF EACH OTHER 15
1.1.3. EPH/EPHRIN SIGNALING 16
1.1.3.1. DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF EPH SIGNALING 19
1.1.3.2. EPH RECEPTOR FUNCTIONS DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND IN
ADULTHOOD22
1.2. NEURON DEVELOPMENT: AXON GROWTH AND GUIDANCE 27
1.2.1. TRIGEMINAL NEURONS 28
1.2.2. MOTOR NEURONS OF THE LATERAL MOTOR COLUMNS 31
1.3. INTRINSIC MECHANISMS TO REGULATE RTKS SIGNALING 34
1.3.1. KEEPING THE PHOSPHOTYROSINE BALANCE: RPTPS VERSUS RTKS 36
1.3.1.1. PTPRO REGULATION OF TRK AND EPH RECEPTORS 38
1.3.2. SHEDDING REGULATES RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AND SIGNALING 39
1.3.3. COOPERATION OF GUIDANCE CUES AND RECEPTOR CROSS-TALK 42
1.4. PURPOSE OF THESIS PROJECT 44
2. RESULTS 45
2.1. PTPRO S ROLE DURING DEVELOPMENT 45
2.1.1. PTPRO S DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION PATTERN 45
2.1.2. EL 1.5 AND E12.5 PTPROEMBRYOS HAVE BIGGER AND MORE COMPLEX TG
ARBORS 51
I
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/1043871284
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.1.3. CULTURED E12.5 PTPR& TG NEURONS DISPLAY INCREASED SENSITIVITY TO
BDNF
AND GDNF, BUT NOT NGF 54
2.1.4. CULTURED PI PTPRO
1
TG NEURONS DO NOT DISPLAY INCREASED SENSITIVITY TO
BDNF AND GDNF 58
2.1.5. THE EXUBERANT GROWTH AND BRANCHING OBSERVED IN PTPRO
1
EMBRYOS AND
NEURONS ARE NOT DUE TO ALTERATIONS IN CELL FATE OR SURVIVAL 60
2.1.6. PTPRO REGULATES TRKB AND RET SIGNALING 63
2.1.7. PTPRO DOES NOT REGULATE EPH RECEPTORS IN THE DEVELOPING TG
GANGLION 68
2.1.8. PTPRO IS DISPENSABLE AS EPH-REGULATOR IN LMC AXON GUIDANCE 69
2.1.9. PTPRO IS NOT REQUIRED FOR RETINOTECTAL MAPPING IN MOUSE 72
2.1.10. THE CHICK BUT NOT THE MOUSE ISOFORM OF PTPRO CAN DEPHOSPHORYLATE
EPHA4 73
2.2. ROLE OF EPHA4 CLEAVAGE DURING DEVELOPMENT 74
2.2.1. EPHA4 IS CLEAVED IN HELA AND HEK293 CELLS, INDEPENDENTLY OF
LIGAND
STIMULATION 74
2.2.2. EPHA4 SHEDDING DURING EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IS TEMPORALLY AND
SPATIALLY
REGULATED 77
2.2.3. IDENTIFICATION OF THE EPHA4 CLEAVAGE SITE 80
2.2.4. IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EPHA4
CR
MUTANT 82
2.2.5. GENERATION OF THE EPHA4
CR
KNOCK-IN MOUSE 84
2.2.6. EPHA4 EXPRESSION IN EPHA4
CR/CR
EMBRYOS 86
2.2.7. EPHA4 SHEDDING IS REQUIRED FOR LMCL NEURON AXON GUIDANCE 89
2.2.8. EPHA4 SHEDDING IS DISPENSABLE FOR DORSAL FUNICULUS AND ANTERIOR
COMMISSURE
FORMATION 91
2.3. RECEPTOR CROSS-TALK DURING DEVELOPMENT 93
2.3.1. EPHA4 AND RET DO NOT INTERACT IN LMC NEURONS 93
2.3.2. EPHA4 SIGNALING IS NOT IMPAIRED IN RETMICE 96
2.3.3. GDNF AND EPHRINAS COOPERATE IN MOTOR AXON TURNING 98
3. DISCUSSION 99
3.1. ROLES OF RPTPS DURING DEVELOPMENT 100
3.1.1. REGULATION AND SPECIFICITY OF THE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY 101
3.1.2. NON CELL-AUTONOMOUS ROLE OF PTPRO 103
3.1.3. PTPRO AS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET 105
3.2. HOW DOES RECEPTOR CLEAVAGE REGULATE AXON GUIDANCE DECISIONS? 106
* * CR/CR
3.2.1. POTENTIAL MOLECULAR MECHANISMS LEADING TO LMCL MISGUIDANCE
M EPHA4
EMBRYOS 109
II
TABLE OF CONTENTS
3.2.2. WHAT TRIGGERS EPHA4 CLEAVAGE? 112
3.2.3. EPHA4 CLEAVAGE IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES 113
3.3. GUIDANCE CUE INTEGRATION 115
3.3.1. ADDITIVE AND NON-ADDITIVE EFFECTS OF GUIDANCE CUES 115
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS 117
4.1. CHEMICALS AND DRUGS 117
4.2. REAGENTS 117
4.2.1. PLASMIDS 117
4.2.2. OLIGONUCLEOTIDES 118
4.2.3. CLONING PRIMERS 118
4.2.4. GENOTYPING PRIMERS 119
4.2.5. PRIMARY ANTIBODIES 120
4.2.6. SECONDARY ANTIBODIES 121
4.2.7. CELL LINES 121
4.2.8. MEDIA 122
4.2.8.1. LURIA-BERTANI (LB) MEDIUM 122
4.2.8.2. LB PLATES 122
4.2.8.3. CELL CULTURE MEDIA 122
4.2.9. PRIMARY CULTURE REAGENTS 122
4.2.10. PRIMARY CULTURE MEDIA 123
-4.2.11. BUFFERS AND SOLUTIONS 124
4.2.12. MOUSE LINES 128
4.3. METHODS 129
4.3.1. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 129
4.3.1.1. PREPARATION OF PLASMID DNA 129
4.3.1.2. TRANSFORMATION OF COMPETENT E. COLI BY ELECTROPORATION 129
4.3.1.3. SITE-DIRECT MUTAGENESIS 129
4.3.1.4. TOPO CLONING 130
4.3.1.5. TAIL DNA PREPARATION AND GENOTYPING USING PCR 130
4.3.1.6. AGAROSE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS 131
4.3.2. CELL CULTURE 132
4.3.2.1. PROPAGATION, THAWING AND FREEZING OF MAMMALIAN CELLS 132
4.3.2.2. TRANSFECTION OF CELL LINES USING LIPOFECTAMINE 132
4.3.2.3. PRIMARY CULTURE OF DISSOCIATED MOUSE TRIGEMINAL NEURONS 133
III
TABLE OF CONTENTS
4.3.2.4. EXPLANT OF TRIGEMINAL NEURONS 134
4.3.2.5. PRIMARY CULTURE OF DISSOCIATED MOUSE MOTOR NEURONS 134
4.3.2.6. EXPLANT CULTURE OF MOUSE MOTOR NEURONS 135
4.3.2.7. PRIMARY CULTURE OF DISSOCIATED CORTICAL NEURONS 136
4.3.3. BIOCHEMISTRY 136
4.3.3.1. CELL LYSIS AND IMMUNOPRECIPITATION OF PROTEINS 136
4.3.3.2. IMMUNOBLOTTING 137
4.3.4. IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE 137
4.3.5. MOUSE WORK 138
4.3.6. HISTOLOGY 138
4.3.6.1. CRYOSTAT SECTIONS 138
4.3.6.2. WHOLE MOUNT NEUROFILAMENT STAINING 139
4.3.6.3. STAINING OF TISSUE SECTIONS
..: 139
4.3.6.4. LABELING OF EXPLANT CULTURES AND DISSOCIATED MOTOR NEURONS 140
4.3.6.5. MOTOR NEURON RETROGRADE TRACINGS 140
4.3.7. GENERATING EPHA^-
R/CR
KNOCK-IN MOUSE 141
4.3.7.1. CLONING 141
4.3.7.2. ES CELLS
CULTURE AND DNA ELECTROPORATION 141
4.3.7.3. DNA EXTRACTION 142
4.3.7.4. SOUTHERN BLOT 142
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY 144
6.CURRICULUM VITAE 173
IV
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| physical | 11 Seiten Illustrationen |
| publishDate | 2018 |
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| publisher | United Nations |
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| series2 | United Nations publication |
| spelling | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes New York ; Geneva United Nations 2018 11 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier United Nations publication Übereinkommen zum Schutz und zur Nutzung grenzüberschreitender Wasserläufe und internationaler Seen 1992 März 17 (DE-588)4678260-6 gnd rswk-swf Übereinkommen zum Schutz und zur Nutzung grenzüberschreitender Wasserläufe und internationaler Seen 1992 März 17 (DE-588)4678260-6 u DE-188 Vereinte Nationen Water Convention Secretariat (DE-588)10182448-8 isb Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-92-1-363104-1 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030479193&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges Übereinkommen zum Schutz und zur Nutzung grenzüberschreitender Wasserläufe und internationaler Seen 1992 März 17 (DE-588)4678260-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4678260-6 |
| title | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges |
| title_auth | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges |
| title_exact_search | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges |
| title_full | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes |
| title_fullStr | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Water Convention responding to global water challenges United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes |
| title_short | The Water Convention |
| title_sort | the water convention responding to global water challenges |
| title_sub | responding to global water challenges |
| topic | Übereinkommen zum Schutz und zur Nutzung grenzüberschreitender Wasserläufe und internationaler Seen 1992 März 17 (DE-588)4678260-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Übereinkommen zum Schutz und zur Nutzung grenzüberschreitender Wasserläufe und internationaler Seen 1992 März 17 |
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