Holdings: History of computer graphics

History of computer graphics:

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Ryan, Daniel (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	[2011]
Series:	DLR Associates series
Subjects:	Geschichte 1963-2011 Computer graphics > History Engineering graphics > History Softwareproduktion Softwareentwicklung Computergrafik Anwendungssoftware Hardware USA Erlebnisbericht
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Physical Description:	xxi, 389 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm
ISBN:	9781456751166 1456751166 9781456751173

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MARC


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Record in the Search Index

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adam_text	TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. HISTORY OF GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION .......................................... 1 GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION ................................................................. 1 HISTORY OF GRAPHIC IMAGES ............................................................... 2 GRAPHIC IMAGES FROM ANTIQUITY ....................................................... 3 GRAPHICS USED IN THE MIDDLE AGES .................................................... 4 GRAPHICS USED IN THE RENAISSANCE ..................................................... 5 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS FROM THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ........................ 6 COMPUTER GRAPHICS FROM THE ELECTRONIC REVOLUTION .......................... 6 2. ENGINEERING COMPUTER GRAPHICS ................................................ 9 THE IBM 1620 COMPUTER ............................................................... 10 THE 1620 FLAWED ARCHITECTURE ......................................................... 11 IBM 1620 SOFTWARE ....................................................................... 12 IBM 1620 OPERATING PROCEDURES .................................................... 12 THE 1620 CONSOLE SELECTOR SWITCHES ................................................ 14 IBM 1621 PAPER TAPE READER/PUNCH ................................................. 15 IBM 1622 CARD READER/PUNCH ......................................................... 15 IBM 1311 DISK DRIVES .................................................................... 16 FORTRAN AND WITRAN COMPLIERS AND SPS ASSEMBLER ............. 17 1620 HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION ..................................................... 18 OMAHA UNIVERSITY PURCHASE HISTORY .............................................. 18 THE LINE PRINTER BECOMES A PLOTTER ................................................ 19 A TELETYPE MACHINE IS PURCHASED .................................................. 20 PURCHASE OF THE IBM 1627 DRUM PLOTTER ....................................... 21 CONTEMPORARY USE OF PEN PLOTTERS ................................................. 24 IX LV,; IB I10 T HEK DEUTSCHES MUSEUM :- .. 3. HISTORY OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS .................................................. 27 VISUALIZATION OF ENGINEERING DATA .................................................. 28 INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS ...................................... 28 EARLY VECTOR GRAPHIC DISPLAYS ......................................................... 29 OTHER 1961-63 EFFORTS .................................................................... 29 MID TO LATE 1960 DEVELOPMENTS ..................................................... 30 THE 1970 S AND ANIMATION ............................................................. 31 IMAGE TYPES - 2D COMPUTER GRAPHICS ............................................. 31 PIXEL GRAPHICS ................................................................................ 32 VECTOR GRAPHICS ............................................................................. 32 3D COMPUTER GRAPHICS ................................................................... 32 COMPUTER ANIMATION REACHES MATURITY .......................................... 33 CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING ANIMATION ........................ 34 VOLUME RENDERING ......................................................................... 37 3D MODELING ................................................................................. 37 PIONEERS IN COMPUTER GRAPHICS ....................................................... 38 THE ACADEMICS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS ............................................. 39 4. AUTOMATED DRAFTING ................................................................. 41 TYPICAL AUTOMATED DRAFTING SYSTEM ................................................ 42 TYPICAL AUTOMATED DRAFTING MACHINE ............................................. 43 DEFINITION OF TERMS ....................................................................... 44 TYPES OF AUTOMATED EQUIPMENT ..................................................... 47 INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS SYSTEMS ........................................................... 51 COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM ........................................................ 55 CRT INTERACTIVE GRAPHIC DISPLAYS ................................................... 55 PERIPHERAL DEVICES .......................................................................... 56 5. COMPUTER LANGUAGES 1959- 67. * ............................................... 59 ARITHMETIC QUANTITIES .................................................................... 60 CONSTANTS AND VARIABLES ................................................................. 61 FUNCTION REFERENCES ....................................................................... 62 ARITHMETIC EXPRESSIONS .................................................................. 62 INTEGER AND REAL EXPRESSIONS ........................................................... 63 DECLARATION, ALLOCATION AND DIMENSION STATEMENTS ......................... 63 COMMON AND EQUIVALENCE STATEMENTS ........................................... 64 SUBPROGRAM DEFINITION STATEMENTS ................................................. 65 ASSIGNMENT STATEMENTS .................................................................. 65 CONTROL STATEMENTS (IF, DO, CONNTINUE AND STOP) ............ 66 X CALL AND RETURN STATEMENTS ............................................................ 67 DATA STATEMENTS ............................................................................ 67 READ AND WRITE STATEMENTS ............................................................ 68 A SAMPLE GRAPHICS PROGRAM ........................................................... 68 6. AUTOMATED DRAFTING 1963-1967 .............................................. 71 STRAIGHT LINES ................................................................................. 72 VECTORS ........................................................................................... 74 CIRCLE AND ARCS .............................................................................. 75 GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTIONS ............................................................... 76 SELECTING A VIEW FOR A DRAWING ....................................................... 80 NUMBER AND SPACING OF VIEWS ....................................................... 82 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION ............................................................... 83 PLANES OF PROJECTION ....................................................................... 84 ANGLES OF PROJECTION ...................................................................... 85 VISUALIZATION OF VIEWS ................................................................... 86 DIGITIZING THE MODEL DATA ............................................................. 86 DISPLAY OF THE FRONT, HORIZONTAL AND PROFILE VIEWS .......................... 87 ADDING HIDDEN LINES ...................................................................... 88 SELECTING A SCALE ............................................................................ 88 STANDARD TEMPLATE PARTS ................................................................ 89 ARRANGING THE TEMPLATE PARTS ........................................................ 90 7. CRT GRAPHICS 1963-1969 ......................................................... 93 PROGRAMMING COMMANDS .............................................................. 94 ARC, ANGLE AND ATANGL .................................................................... 96 BEARG, CENTER AND CYLIND ................................................................ 96 DATAPT AND DOT .............................................................................. 97 GO AND HOME ................................................................................ 98 IN AND OUT ..................................................................................... 98 LINES, PLANES AND POINTS ................................................................ 98 R, RTHETA AND SLOPE ....................................................................... 98 TANTO, UNIT AND VECTOR ................................................................... 98 X, XYPLANE, XZPLANE, Y, YZPLANE AND Z ............................................ 99 WRITING TO THE CRT TERMINAL ........................................................ 99 TOOL MOTION ............................................................................... 100 CONTROL DATUMS ......................................................................... 100 AXIS MOTION ................................................................................ 100 REPETITIVE ROUTINES ...................................................................... 101 X1 CONTINUOUS MOTION DISPLAYS ......................................................... 101 CONVERTING THE THEORY TO PRACTICE ................................................ 103 8. COMPUTER GRAPHICS 1968 ....................................................... 105 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS ................................................................... 106 COMPUTER-ASSISTED GRAPHICS (CAG) ............................................. 107 COMPUTER-AIDED DRAFTING AND DESIGN (CADD) ............................. 110 COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN (CAD) .................................................... 111 WRITING STRUCTURED ELEMENTS IN FORTRAN ................................. 114 STRUCTURED PROGRAM OPERATION ...................................................... 116 USING A GRAPHICS SYSTEM ............................................................... 118 MAKING CHANGES ........................................................................... 119 CREATING NEW PROGRAMS ............................................................... 120 SAVING STRUCTURED PROGRAMS ........................................................ 120 REMOVING PROGRAMS FROM THE SYSTEM .......................................... 122 EXAMINING PROGRAMS OR DIRECTORIES ....................................... CHECKING PROGRESS OF RUNNING PROGRAMS ..................................... 124 USING THE WORKSTATION FOR PROCESSING STRUCTURED PROGRAMS .......... 124 RENAMING STRUCTURED PROGRAMS ................................................... 127 MANIPULATING STRUCTURED PROGRAMS ............................................. 127 CONTROLLING MEMBER ACCESS ......................................................... 128 COMPLETING A WORK SESSION .......................................................... 129 PROVIDING DISPLAY LISTS FOR STRUCTURED PROGRAMS ........................... 129 DISPLAY LISTS FOR JCL .................................................................... 129 DISPLAY LISTS FOR TITLE BLOCKS .......................................................... 131 DISPLAY LISTS FOR COMMON DRAFTING TASKS ....................................... 131 LOADING AND EXECUTING STRUCTURED PROGRAMS ............................... 133 DRAFTING SYSTEMS AND PROGRAMMING ............................................ 134 DETAIL DRAWINGS .......................................................................... 137 SECTION VIEWS .............................................................................. 139 DIMENSIONING AND NOTATION ........................................................ 140 9. HARDWARE PURCHASES 1968-76 ................................................. 143 RECOGNIZING COMPUTER GRAPHICS HARDWARE ................................... 144 DIRECT DISPLAY DEVICES .................................................................. 144 CRT (CATHODE RAY TUBE) TERMINAL ................................................. 145 RASTER SCAN CRT DISPLAY ............................................................. 146 CALLIGRAPHIC REFRESH CRT DISPLAY ................................................. 147 COLOR DISPLAYS AND TECHNIQUES ...................................................... 147 XL1 FAMILIARIZATION PROGRAM FOR CRTS .............................................. 148 DVST FAMILIARIZATION DEMONSTRATIONS ......................................... 152 FAMILIARIZATION PROGRAM FOR PEN PLOTTERS.... ..................................... FAMILIARIZATION PROGRAM FOR GRAPHICS TABLET ................................. 154 10. CONTINUING EDUCATION 1968-76 .............................................. 155 AUTOMATED DRAFTING AT UNO ....................................................... 156 CS 121: INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATED DRAFTING ................................ 157 2-D GEOMETRIC CONSTRUCTIONS ........................................................ 157 TEMPLATE DRAWING ........................................................................ 158 GRAPHIC ENTITIES ............................................................................ 159 PRIMITIVE ELEMENTS ....................................................................... 160 CHARACTER GENERATION .................................................................... 161 FONT STYLE ..................................................................................... 162 VECTOR-STROKED CHARACTERS ............................................................. 162 TRANSFORMATIONS ........................................................................... 163 TRANSLATION (SHIFTING) .................................................................. 163 SCALING ........................................................................................ 164 ROTATION ...................................................................................... 165 REVOLUTION ................................................................................... 165 3-D PICTURE GRAPHICS ................................................................... 166 WIREFRAME .................................................................................. 166 SURFACE IDENTIFICATION .................................................................. 168 SOLID IDENTIFICATION ....................................................................... 169 REFLECTION OF LIGHT FROM A SOLID ..................................................... 170 PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION ............................................................... 170 COMMONLY USED PICTORIAL IMAGES DISPLAYS (CUPID) .................. 171 THE CUPID SUBPROGRAM LISTING ................................................... 172 11. CS 221: CAD FOR ENGINEERS .................................................... 175 CAD HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE ......................................................... 176 CONNECTION TO MAIN PROCESSOR ................:.................................... 176 LOCAL PROCESSORS ........................................................................... 176 THE SECOND PROCESSOR ................................................................... 177 CHARACTER GENERATION .................................................................... 178 THE VECTOR GENERATOR AND DISPLAY SCREEN ........................................ 178 ENGINEER S WORKSTATION ARCHITECTURE .............................................. 179 DVST DISPLAY SCREEN ................................................................... 180 ASCII KEYBOARD ........................................................................... 181 XLLL FUNCTION BUTTONS ......................................................................... 181 MENU BAR ..................................................................................... 182 MECHANICAL CROSSHAIRS CONTROL ...................................................... 182 12. CS 321: CAD ANIMATION ........................................................ 183 STUDENT SUBROUTINES FOR CUPID .................................................. 184 TRANSPARENCY ............................................................................... 185 DIFFUSION OF MULTI-SURFACES .......................................................... 185 POLYGONAL SURFACES ....................................................................... 186 INTENSITY INTERPOLATION ................................................................. 186 NORMAL INTERPOLATION .................................................................. 186 3-D TRANSFORMATION PACKAGES ...................................................... 187 ROLL, PITCH, AND YAW .................................................................... 188 TRANSLATION ................................................................................... 189 SCALE ............................................................................................ 189 ROTATION ...................................................................................... 190 SURFACE DESCRIPTION AND SHADING ................................................... 191 PIXEL INTENSITY .............................................................................. 191 13. CS 421: CADAM SIMULATION ................................................. 193 CADAM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ........................................................... 195 PACKAGES FOR CADAM ................................................................. 196 CADAM OPERATIONAL MODES ........................................................ 197 CADAM CONTROL CAPABILITIES ....................................................... 198 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION .................................................................. 198 CONTINUOUS PATH CONTOURING ........................................................ 198 CONCURRENT PROCESSING ................................................................. 198 MULTIPLE COORDINATE SYSTEMS ......:.................................................. 199 MULTI-TASKING ............................................................................... 199 PROGRAMMABLE INTERRUPTS ............................................................ 200 SERVO-CONTROL OF ADDITIONAL MACHINES .......................................... 200 CADAM LANGUAGE PACKAGES ....................................................... 201 14. EG 109: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS ............................................... 203 TYPICAL LECTURE ........................................................................... 204 DRAWING BOARD ............................................................................ 205 T -SQUARE OR PARALLEL BAR .............................................................. 206 TRIANGLES ..................................................................................... 206 SCALES .......................................................................................... 207 XIV DRAFTING MACHINES ...................................................................... 207 PROTRACTORS AND MACHINE CONTROLS ................................................ 208 HOW TO USE PROTRACTOR HEADS AND MACHINE CONTROLS ..................... 208 FUNCTION KEYS AND KEYBOARDS FOR DIGITIZERS .................................. 209 GRAPHICS TABLET ............................................................................ 209 CURVES AND TEMPLATES ................................................................... 210 TABLET AND ACCESSORIES .................................................................. 210 PENCILS, PENS AND KNIVES ............................................................... 210 PENCIL POINTERS ............................................................................. 211 ERASERS AND ERASING SHIELDS ........................................................... 211 SHEET FASTENERS .............................................................................. 211 COMPASS AND DIVIDERS .................................................................. 212 LETTERING GUIDES AND DEVICES ........................................................ 212 DRAWING MEDIUM ........................................................................ 213 SLIDE RULE, CALCULATOR AND COMPUTER .............................................. 213 SKETCHBOOK, NOTEBOOK AND SKETCHPAD .......................................... 213 STUDENT AND FACULTY REACTIONS TO EG 109 LECTURES ......................... 213 15. EG 110: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS ............................................... 215 TYPICAL LECTURE ............................................................................. 216 DRAFTING SURFACES AND PROCEDURES ................................................. 217 ELECTRONIC DRAFTING AIDS ................................................................ 217 DATA TABLETS AND MENU FUNCTIONS ................................................. 218 KEYBOARD DISPLAY SCREEN AND MENU SELECTION ................................ 218 HOW TO CONVERT MANUAL PROCESSES TO AUTOMATION ......................... 219 HOW TO SELECT THE SIZE OF THE WORKSTATION ..................................... 220 CAD PROCEDURES WITH MINICOMPUTERS ........................................ 221 WHY MINICOMPUTERS FOR CAD .................................................... 221 WHAT HAPPENED TO MINICOMPUTERS FOR CAD ............................... 222 THE MINIS GAVE WAY TO THE MICROS FOR CAD ................................. 222 THE MINICOMPUTER S CAD IMPACT AND HERITAGE ........................... 223 FOURTH GENERATION CAD WORKSTATIONS ......................................... 225 CAD HARDWARE AT CLEMSON UNIVERSITY - 1977 ............................. 226 STUDENT AND FACULTY REACTIONS TO EG 110 LECTURES ........................ 227 16. EG 321: COMPUTER GRAPHICS .................................................. 229 CAD DESIGN STANDARDS .............................................................. 229 CORE STANDARD .......................................................................... 230 ANSI STANDARD ............................................................................ 230 XV METHODOLOGY OF CAD FOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS ............................... 231 DESIGN START ................................................................................ 232 REVIEW REQUIREMENTS ................................................................... 232 BRAINSTORM SESSION ...................................................................... 233 TEST AND ANALYZE BEST IDEAS .......................................................... 234 REFINE THE DESIGN ........................................................................ 235 ................................. DESIGN LAYOUT AND REVIEW ........................... 235 DISPLAY THE CAD MODEL ............................................................. 236 MODEL HARDWARE ......................................................................... 236 TEST THE DESIGN PRIOR TO MANUFACTURE ........................................... 237 SIMULATE THE MANUFACTURE ........................................................... 237 STUDENT AND FACULTY REACTIONS TO EG 321 LECTURES ........................ 238 17. EG 411: COMPUTER-AIDED ARCHITECTURAL GRAPHICS ................... 239 ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING PRESENTATIONS ...................................... 240 PACKAGED LAYERS ........................................................................... 240 THE FLOOR PLAN ............................................................................. 242 NORTH SOUTH EXTERIOR ELEVATIONS ................................................... 244 EAST WEST EXTERIOR ELEVATIONS ........................................................ 245 SITE PLAN ...................................................................................... 246 FOUNDATION PLAN ......................................................................... 247 ELECTRICAL PLAN ............................................................................. 248 STUDENT AND FACULTY REACTIONS TO EG 411 ..................................... 248 18. POST GRADUATE WORK, 1982-84 ................................................ 249 POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTIONS ............................................................. 250 APPLICATION PROCESS ...................................................................... 252 ACCEPTANCE PROCESS ..................................................................... 254 GRADUATE COURSES VIA VIDEO TAPES .................................................. 255 REVIEW PROBLEMS ......................................................................... 265 DISSERTATION BECOMES TEXTBOOK .................................................... 266 19. HISTORY OF AUTOCAD .............................................................. 267 AUTOCAD ORIGIN ......................................................................... 268 AUTOCAD LT ............................................................................. 268 AUTOCAD FREESTYLE .................................................................... 269 VERTICAL PROGRAMS ........................................................................ 269 FILE FORMATS ................................................................................. 270 HOW TO USE AUTOCAD ................................................................ 271 XVI SIMPLE IMAGE PROCESSING ............................................................. 272 USING THE PACKAGES ..................................................................... 273 EXTRUDED IMAGES .......................................................................... 274 REVOLVING THE IMAGE .................................................................... 274 USING THE SOLIDIFY MENU ITEM ................................................. 274 WORKING WITH NON-EXTRUDED IMAGES ............................................. 274 IMAGE MODIFICATIONS ................................................................... 275 IMAGE SETUP MENU ITEMS ............................................................. 275 IMAGE INQUIRY ITEMS .................................................................... 276 IMAGE DISPLAY TECHNIQUES ............................................................ 276 UTILITY COMMANDS ....................................................................... 276 RENDERING THE IMAGE ................................................................... 277 HOW TO HIDE IMAGE FACES ............................................................. 277 VIEWS .......................................................................................... 277 UNLOADING AND ENDING RENDERMAN .............................................. 278 THE LISP LANGUAGE ...................................................................... 279 LISP EVALUATOR ............................................................................ 279 TYPES OF LISP INPUT .................................................................... 280 LISP NOTATION ............................................................................. 280 USING THE LISP TUTORIAL INSIDE AUTOCAD .................................... 281 THE ACAD. LSP FILE .......................................................................... 282 EXAMPLE LISP PROGRAM ............................................................... 283 20. EG 208: ENGINEERING GRAPHICS ............................................... 285 SELECTING THE DISPLAY OPTIONS ....................................................... 286 POINT OPTIONS ............................................................................... 287 LINE OPTIONS ................................................................................ 289 PLANE OPTIONS .............................................................................. 289 SOLID OPTIONS ............................................................................... 290 MENU OPTIONS ............................................................................... 291 USING THE ARRAY OPTIONS ............................ .................................... 291 USING THE COPY OPTIONS ............................................. ................... 291 USING THE MIRROR OPTIONS ........................................... .................. 292 USING THE MODIFICATION OPTIONS ................................................... 292 VECTOR GEOMETRY OPTIONS ............................................................. 292 VECTOR NOTATION ........................................................................... 293 VECTOR ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION .................................................. 293 RESULTANTS ................................................................................... 294 RESULTANT OF A CONCURRENT SYSTEM ................................................. 295 XVII RESULTANT OF A NON COPLANAR SYSTEM ............................................. 295 DETERMINING RESULTANT AND POINT OF APPLICATION .......................... 296 EQUILIBRANTS ................................................................................ 296 VELOCITY ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 296 VELOCITY DISPLAY SCALES ................................................................. 297 RESOLUTION AND COMPOSITION ........................................................ 297 VELOCITY DISPLAY AXES .................................................................... 298 INSTANTANEOUS AXIS DISPLAY ........................................................... 299 ACCELERATION ANALYSIS ................................................................... 299 ACCELERATION DISPLAY SCALES ........................................................... 299 LINEAR ACCELERATION ...................................................................... 300 ANGULAR ACCELERATION ................................................................... 300 OTHER TYPES OF VECTOR MODEL MOTION ........................................... 300 STUDENT AND FACULTY REACTIONS TO EG 208 LECTURES ........................ 301 21. HISTORY OF AUTOSKETCH ............................................................ 303 HOW TO USE AUTOSKETCH .............................................................. 304 TYPES OF SKETCHING AVAILABLE ........................................................ 305 USING THE POINTER ........................................................................ 306 FREEHAND SKETCHING TECHNIQUES .................................................... 307 COMMUNICATION USING AUTOSKETCH ............................................. 308 SKETCH CONSTRUCTION .............................................................. 308 PRELIMINARY SKETCHES ................................................................... 309 CONSTRUCTION LAYOUTS VS DATA ORIENTATION ..................................... 309 PULL-DOWN MENUS AND QUICK SKETCHES ........................................... 310 EDITING SKETCHES .......................................................................... 310 USING THE VIEW MENU ................................................................ 311 THE ASSIST MENU ....................................................................... 312 THE SETTINGS MENU ................................................................ 312 THE MEASURE MENU ................................................................. 313 THE FILE MENU ........................................................................... 313 AUTODESK MAYA ............................................................................ 314 MAYA EMBEDDED LANGUAGE ............................................................ 317 22. EG 209: MICROCOMPUTER GRAPHICS ......................................... 319 WIREFRAME VERSUS SURFACE MODELING ............................................. 320 CONSTRUCTING SURFACE MODELS ....................................................... 320 3D MODELS FROM EXTRUDED, RULED OR FACES ..................................... 321 USING XYZ FILTERS TO EDIT WIREFRAME DATABASE .............................. 323 XVIII USING A 3D MESH TO CREATE SURFACES ............................................. 323 TABULATED AND REVOLVED SURFACES FROM WIREFRAMES ....................... 323 USING 3D SURFACE MODELS AS PROTOTYPE MODELS ............................ 324 APPROXIMATING THE MASS OF A SURFACE MODEL ................................ 324 STUDENT REACTIONS TO EG 209 ....................................................... 325 23. EVOLUTION OF GRAPHIC DEVICES ................................................. 327 IVAN EDWARD SUTHERLAND ............................................................. 328 THE BEGINNING OF MY EXPERIENCE ................................................... 331 THE END OF THE THIRD GENERATION ................................................... 332 BIGGER AND BETTER MACHINES ......................................................... 333 THE PERSONAL COMPUTER ................................................................ 334 BUILD YOUR OWN COMPUTER ............................................................ 335 WORLD WIDE ACCEPTANCE ............................................................... 336 24. GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACES ....................................................... 339 EARLY DEVICES ............................................................................... 339 APPLE INTRODUCES THE MACINTOSH .................................................. 340 TEACHING VIA GRAPHICAL INTERFACES ................................................. 341 PURPOSE OF SOFTWARE GENERATION ................................................... 342 ONLINE COURSE FAMILIARIZATION ...................................................... 342 STORING COURSE INSTRUCTIONS AND LESSONS ....................................... 343 DESCRIPTIVE LESSON PLANS .............................................................. 343 8 GEOMETRY PULL-DOWN MENU ...................................................... 343 WIREFRAME PULL-DOWN MENU ........................................................ 344 SURFACES PULL-DOWN MENU ............................................................ 345 SOLIDS PULL-DOWN MENU ............................................................... 345 SECTION AND PROFILES PULL-DOWN MENU .......................................... 346 DIM (XYZ FILTERS) ................................................................ 346 CADAM SOFTWARE ...................................................................... 347 25. GRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGER ........................................... 349 ATARI DEVELOPS A GRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGER ........................ 349 TANDY CORPORATION S DESK MATE .................................................... 350 THE AMIGA WORKBENCH ................................................................ 350 NORTON UTILITIES ............................................................................ 351 DESQVIEW ................................................................................... 352 XIX 26. MICROSOFT WINDOWS ................................................................ 353 THE LAW SUIT .................................................................................. 353 COMPETITION WITH WINDOWS ........................................................ 354 3 WINDOWS 95 (32-BIT VERSION) .................................................... 355 MACINTOSH COMPETES ................................................................... 356 X WINDOW SYSTEM ......................................................................... 357 AMIGA WORKBENCH 4.1 (2009) ...................................................... 358 RISC OPERATING SYSTEM ............................................................... 358 IBM OS/2 ................................................................................... 358 NEXTSTEP ................................................................................. 359 BEOS ........................................................................................... 359 CURRENT TRENDS FOR 3D USER INTERFACES ........................................... 359 PORTABLE DEVICE GRAPHICS .............................................................. 360 27. HISTORY OF INTERNET GRAPHICS .................................................. 361 DIGITAL SWITCHING ........................................................................ 362 THREE TERMINALS AND A NETWORK LATER ............................................ 363 PACKET SWITCHING ......................................................................... 364 NETWORKS BEFORE THE INTERNET ....................................................... 364 X. 25 AND PUBLIC ACCESS ................................................................ 365 UNIX TO UNIX (UUCP) ................................................................ 366 CELL PHONES AND THE INTERNET ....................................................... 367 28. HISTORY OF DATABASE CONSTRUCTION ......................................... 369 BEGINNING THE PROCESS ................................................................. 369 DATABASE DESIGN STANDARDS .......................................................... 371 CORE AND ANSI STANDARDS FOR DATABASE .................................... 372 CAD DATABASE GENERATION ........................................................... 373 DATABASE DRIVERS .......................................................................... 373 FILE REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................ 374 SETTING UP A DATABASE .................................................................. 374 QUERYING AND MODIFYING THE DATABASE ........................................ 375 SHARING DATA ON A NETWORK .......................................................... 375 TIPS AND SHORT CUTS .................................................................... 375 COLLATIONS FOR DBASE TABLES ....................................................... 375 TROUBLESHOOTING .......................................................................... 376 DISPLAY THE DBASE GENERATION AND SQL GLOSSARY .......................... 376 XX 29. DBASE COMPUTER STORAGE ........................................................ 379 THE DBASE STORAGE TECHNIQUE ........................................................ 379 EXAMPLES OF DBASE DIRECTORY FILES ................................................. 380 USE OF LAYER VIEWPORTS ................................................................. 380 .......................... HOW TO CONTROL MULTIPLE VIEWPORTS .................... 381 DRAGGING DETAILS BETWEEN VIEWPORTS ............................................ 381 USE OF MULTIPLE LAYERS TO CREATE A FILE ............................................ 382 DIRECTORY DEVELOPMENT AND STORAGE STAGES .................................. 383 PRELIMINARY PLANNING AND SKETCHING ........................................... 383 STORAGE OF VIEWPORT DETAILS .......................................................... 383 PREPARATION OF SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................ 384 SCHEDULING AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT ........................................... 385 STORAGE OF THE DBASE .................................................................... 385 30. HISTORY OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS ............................................... 387 XXI
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genre_facet	Erlebnisbericht
geographic	USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd
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id	DE-604.BV045072686
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-10T08:07:50Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781456751166 1456751166 9781456751173
language	English
lccn	011905907
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030463855
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owner	DE-210
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physical	xxi, 389 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm
publishDate	2011
publishDateSearch	2011
publishDateSort	2011
record_format	marc
series2	DLR Associates series
spelling	Ryan, Daniel Verfasser aut History of computer graphics Dan Ryan [2011] © 2011 xxi, 389 Seiten Illustrationen 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier DLR Associates series Geschichte 1963-2011 gnd rswk-swf Computer graphics History Engineering graphics History Softwareproduktion (DE-588)4295103-3 gnd rswk-swf Softwareentwicklung (DE-588)4116522-6 gnd rswk-swf Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd rswk-swf Anwendungssoftware (DE-588)4120906-0 gnd rswk-swf Hardware (DE-588)4023422-8 gnd rswk-swf USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4133254-4 Erlebnisbericht gnd-content USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 s Hardware (DE-588)4023422-8 s Softwareentwicklung (DE-588)4116522-6 s Softwareproduktion (DE-588)4295103-3 s Anwendungssoftware (DE-588)4120906-0 s Geschichte 1963-2011 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-4567-5115-9 Digitalisierung Deutsches Museum application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030463855&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Ryan, Daniel History of computer graphics Computer graphics History Engineering graphics History Softwareproduktion (DE-588)4295103-3 gnd Softwareentwicklung (DE-588)4116522-6 gnd Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd Anwendungssoftware (DE-588)4120906-0 gnd Hardware (DE-588)4023422-8 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4295103-3 (DE-588)4116522-6 (DE-588)4010450-3 (DE-588)4120906-0 (DE-588)4023422-8 (DE-588)4078704-7 (DE-588)4133254-4
title	History of computer graphics
title_auth	History of computer graphics
title_exact_search	History of computer graphics
title_full	History of computer graphics Dan Ryan
title_fullStr	History of computer graphics Dan Ryan
title_full_unstemmed	History of computer graphics Dan Ryan
title_short	History of computer graphics
title_sort	history of computer graphics
topic	Computer graphics History Engineering graphics History Softwareproduktion (DE-588)4295103-3 gnd Softwareentwicklung (DE-588)4116522-6 gnd Computergrafik (DE-588)4010450-3 gnd Anwendungssoftware (DE-588)4120906-0 gnd Hardware (DE-588)4023422-8 gnd
topic_facet	Computer graphics History Engineering graphics History Softwareproduktion Softwareentwicklung Computergrafik Anwendungssoftware Hardware USA Erlebnisbericht
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030463855&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT ryandaniel historyofcomputergraphics

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