The Poles: myths and reality
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Hauppauge, New York
Nova Science Publisher's, Inc.
[2017]
|
| Series: | Post-Nationality in the European Union's East and North
2 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Physical Description: | xxxiv, 310 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781536125627 |
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Record in the Search Index
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| adam_text | Contents
Preface xiii
Series Preface xv
Post-Nationality in the European Union’s East and North xv
The Dutch: Creativity in the Face of Nature xvi
The Poles: Myths and Reality xvi
The Hungarians: Borders of Language and Dilemmas of Identity xvii
The Bulgarians: A Forged Melange xix
The Swedes: The Main Nordic-Europeans xx
Acknowledgments xxiii
Introduction xxv
The Period Ending with the Seventeenth Century xxvii
The Period Following the Seventeenth Century xxx
Part I: The Poles during the Middle Ages 1
Chapter 1 The Pre-State Era 3
The Fifth through the Seventh Centuries CE 5
Chapter 2 Poland s Origin 7
Poland s Economic Base during the Early Medieval Times 7
Chapter 3 The Early Years of Existence of the Polish State 11
The Solidification of the State and the Transition to Christianity 11
Drawing Poland’s Borders on the Oder River
and the Oder River Valley 13
The First Polish Dynasty s Crisis and Its Internal Bolstering 13
The Cultural and Economic Achievements
of the Polish State *s Architects 15
VI
Contents
Chapter 4 The Age of Maturity: The Polish Kingdom 17
The Struggle for International Status Abroad and the Establishment
of Royal A uthority Domestically 17
The Breakup into Feudal Units and the Consolidation
into a Single State in the Twelfth Century 20
Chapter 5 A Hundred Years of Economic Growth and Social Change 21
The Shifts in Agricultural Settlement Patterns during the Twelfth
and Thirteenth Centuries 21
The Duchies of Poland 22
The Growing External Threat 23
The Relation between the Tatar Invasion
and the German Settlement 24
The Significance of the Peasants ’ Participation in Combat 25
The Shift of Polish Culture from the Roman to the Gothic Way 28
Culture, Society, Regime, and Economy 29
Chapter 6 The Polish Crown at the Height of Power
during the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries 35
The Centrality of the State Apparatus 35
The Political Strain during the Regimes of Vladyslaw I the Short
and Casimir III the Great and the Union of Poland
and Lithuania 36
The Jagiello Royal House and the Kingdom ’s Status
Concerning the Poles 39
The Shift from Provincial Conventions to a National’ Parliament 42
Western Silesia, Lubusz, and Silesia in the Fourteenth
and Fifteenth Centuries 42
The Economic Life during the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries 43
The Culture in Poland during the Fourteenth
and Fifteenth Centuries 45
Part II: A Community of Nobility 47
Chapter 7 The Polish Golden Age Era (1492-1586) 49
A General Characterization of the Period 49
Between the Habsburg Dynasty and Moscow 50
The Social and Political Basis of Democracy of the Nobility ’ 51
The Movement for a Respect for and an
Implementation of the Rules 52
The Foreign Policy of Sigismund Augustus 53
The Reformation 54
Contents vii
The First Transition Period and the King s Election 56
King Stephen Batory: Policies and Warfare 57
Humanism in Poland 58
The Polish Culture, the Written Language, Myths and Identity,
and the Matter of Nationality 58
Renaissance Life and Culture in Poland 61
Chapter 8 The Polish Community at a Turning Point (1586-1648) 63
The Struggle for Positions of Power and the Dissolution
of the Polish Political Entity 63
A Political Crisis in the Kingdom 64
The Efforts to Block Russia 66
The Dispute with Turkey 67
The Agrarian Crisis 68
The Status of the Cities and Their Dwellers 68
An Overall Picture of Trade, Population and Production,
during the Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries 69
The Counter-Reformation Doctrine 71
The Election and Rule of Vladyslaw IV 73
The Cossack Question 73
Chapter 9 The Polish Communities during the Crisis Years (1648-1696) 75
The Major Characteristics of the Period 75
The War against the Cossacks 75
The 1655 Swedish Invasion 76
The Oliwa Peace Treaty and the Eastern Question 78
The Orthodox Rift in Eastern Poland and Lithuania 78
The Efforts at Reform and the Lubomirski Uprising 79
The War against Turkey 79
The League against Turkey 81
An Economic and Political Crisis 81
The Religious Issues 82
The Jews in Poland in the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Centuries 83
The Cultural Expansion 85
Learning and Education 85
Chapter 10 The Crisis of Sovereignty (1697-1763) 87
A Broad Look at the Eighteenth Century 87
The Personal Union of Saxony and Poland s Kingdoms 88
The Northern War and the Struggle for Succession 88
Peter I rs Mediation 90
A Struggle for the Polish Crown 91
Contents
viii
The Demilitarization and Neutrality of Poland 91
Western Pomerania and Silesia under Prussian Rule 91
Catholicism Meaning Polish and Vice-Versa 92
The Late Baroque Culture 92
The Forces of Progress 93
A Political Deadlock 93
Chapter 11 Provisional Reforms underthe Russian Auspices (1763-1788) 95
The Russo-Prussian Alliance 95
The Plans for the Succession of the Polish Crown among the Noble
Polish Families 96
The First Years of King Stanislaw Augustus’s Rule 96
The Radom Confederation and the Sejm during 1767-1768 97
The Bar Confederation (1768-1772) 97
The First Partition 99
The Constitutional Changes during (1773-1775) 100
The Permanent Ruling Council 101
Chapter 12 Society and Culture in Poland during the Age of Enlightenment 103
The Economic Revival 103
The Social Change 104
The Contrasting Fashions and Ideas 105
The Intellectual High Tide 106
Chapter 13 The Struggle for Independence and Reform
of a Kingdom United (1788-1794) 109
The Guarantee’s End 109
The Sejm Takes Control 110
The Political Literature 111
The Constitution of 3 May 1791 111
The Russian Intervention and the Second Partition (1792-1793) 113
The Emigration from Poland and the Domestic Situation 114
The 1794 Uprising 116
The Annihilation of the Polish State 117
The Relation between the Polish Struggles and the Pan-European
Society s Raw Nerves 119
Part III: Poland under Foreign Rule (1795-1918) 121
Chapter 14 The Napoleonic Period (1795-1815) 123
The Peasants Emancipation and the National Uprising 123
Poland Following the Third Partition 124
Contents ix
The Population ’s Approach to Politics
and the Movement in Support of Polish Independence 125
The Poles during Their State ’s Abolition, According to Davies 125
The Polish Nationality 126
The Trends of Reconciliation 133
The Legion 135
The Polish Awakening with Napoleon ’s Encouragement 136
The Constitution of the Duchy of Warsaw 137
The Social and Economic Change in the Duchy of Warsaw 138
The Year 1809 139
The Fall of the Duchy of Warsaw 140
Chapter 15 The Polish Kingdom and the November Uprising (1815-1831) 143
The Agrarian Reform in the Prussian-Held Part of Poland 143
The Establishment of the Polish Congress Kingdom 144
The Beginning of Modern Industry in the Polish Kingdom 145
The Regime ’s Opposition and the Conspiracy against It 145
The Neo-Classic and Romantic Trend 146
The 1830 Uprising and Its Causes 147
The Political Struggle against the Uprising Trend 147
The Russo-Polish War 148
The Revolutionary Left and the Feudal Duties of the Peasants 148
The International State of Affairs
and the Collapse of the Uprising 149
Chapter 16 On the Eve of the Agrarian Revolution ( 1832-1849) 151
Economic Development in the Three Partition Areas 152
The National Issue in Pomerania and Silesia 153
The Great Migration 154
A Conspiracy in Poland 155
The 1846 Disaster 155
The Poznan Uprising 156
Galicia in 1848 158
The Poles in the European Revolutionary Movements 158
A Cultural Age with a Romantic Trend in Poland 159
Chapter 17 An Age of Uprising ( 1850-1864) 161
An Atmosphere of Revolution in Russia and Poland 161
The Patriotic Demonstrations 162
A National Organization 162
The Armed Struggle of1863 163
X
Contents
The Peasants ’ Revival and the End of the
Nationalistic Insurrections 164
Chapter 18 Positivism and a Triple Loyalty:
An Initiation of the Proletariat Movement (1864-1885) 167
A fter the 4Disaster * 167
The Post-1863 Migration 168
The Russification Policy in the Former Congress Kingdom 168
The Polish Provinces of Russia: The Cultural System
and the National Resurrection of Silesia 169
The Autonomy in Galicia 171
The Industrial Development in the Former Congress Kingdom 172
The Romantic Movement in the Diaspora; Organized Labor
and Realism in Poland 174
The Polish Proletariat Movement Starts Coming into Being 175
The Polish Proletariat Class 176
Three Provinces and One Nationality 176
Chapter 19 The Formation of the Mass Political Parties; Nationality
and Socialism (1885-1904) 177
The Poles Distancing Themselves from the Prussians:
The Prussian Colonization Mission 177
The Socialist Movement I80
The Galician Peasantsf Movement 180
In the Defense of Polish Nationality in the Russian Areas 181
* Young Poland and the Arts 182
Chapter 20 The Age of Revolution and the Approaching of a European War
(1904-1914) 185
The 1905 Revolution in the Russian Empire and in Poland 185
The National Democrats Renewed Policy Orientation 187
The Decree of Land Expropriation in Prussian Poland
and the Polish National League 188
The Political Changes in Galicia 189
The Dispute over Orientation on the Eve of World War I 189
Chapter 21 World War I and the Reconstruction of the Polish State (1914-1918) 191
Piłsudski and the Legions 191
The Occupation of the Former Congress Kingdom *s Land
by the German and the Austrian Forces 192
The Declaration of 5 November 1916 192
The Fall of the Czar s Regime in 1917 194
Contents *1
The Regents7 Council 194
The October Revolution and the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty 195
The German Defeat: A Statement by the Powers in 1918
Regarding the Polish Question 196
The Liberation of the Territory Occupied by Austria 196
The Lublin Government 196
The Liberated Poland 197
Part IV: Poland (1918-1939) 199
Chapter 22 Defining the Borders and Drafting a Constitution (1918-1921) 201
The First Moments of Independence 201
The Sejm as a Legislative Body 202
The Peace Treaties 203
The War with Soviet Russia 203
The Demarcation of the Western Borders 205
The March 1921 Constitution 206
Chapter 23 The Parliamentary Government (1922-1926) 207
The 1922 Elections 207
Vladyslaw Grabski and the Currency Stabilization 208
The Question of the Ukrainians and the Belarusians 209
Piłsudski and the Minorities and the Matter of Nationality 210
The Communist Movement 211
The Polish Foreign Policy and Locarno 211
Education, Science, and Culture 212
Chapter 24 Prosperity and Crisis: The Struggle for the Legalization
of the Piłsudski Dictatorship 213
The Overthrow in the Month of May 213
The Social Aspects of the Piłsudski Dictatorship 214
The Missing and Neutered National Fervor among the Poles 214
The Center s Left Faction and Piłsudski s Crooked Tactical
Manoeuvrings 216
The Great Depression of 1929-1931 217
Toward a Complete Dictatorship (1931-1939) 217
Piłsudski 7s Death: The Dispute in the Ranks of the Ruling Party 219
The Growth of the Opposition 220
The United National Camp 220
Beck and the Czech Issue 221
Facing the German Aggression during 1938-1939 222
xii Contents
Part V: From World War II until the Disintegration of the Soviet Bloc 225
Chapter 25 World War II 227
The German Occupation of Poland 227
The Occupation Period 228
The Fate of the Jews 231
The Polish Resistance to the Occupation 232
The First Years Following the Liberation
from the German Occupation 233
The Essence of Polish Nationality after 1945 and the Attitude
of the Poles toward the European Identity 234
Chapter 26 The Communist Party; The Poles Standing up to the Soviets 239
The Communist Movement 239
Poland as a Peoples Republic 240
Chapter 27 The Developments in Poland during 1946-1980 251
Chapter 28 Poland Departing the Soviet Bloc’s Framework 255
Part VI: The Third Republic and the European Union 261
Chapter 29 The Third Republic 263
The Poles Considerations Concerning Its Entry into the EU 266
The Trends and an Outlook into the Future at the End
of the Second Millennium 272
Chapter 30 The Polish and Catholic Culture:
Are These a Nationality’s Foundations? 275
The Three Types of Nationality in the Context
of Polish Nationality 276
Nationality and God s Worship: A Mutual Relationship
of Assistance and the Contrast between Them 277
The Polish National Cohesion 280
Chapter 31 The Poles’ Approach toward Europe, NATO, and the EU 281
Summary The Different Angles Reflecting the Polish
Nationality’s Foundations 283
Alphabetical References 289
References 293
About the Author 297
Index
299
Alphabetical References
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1511-1553. Boston: Beacon Press.
Beneš, Václav L., and Norman J. G. Pounds. 1970. Poland. New York: Praeger
Publishers.
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Area Studies.
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Index
3Armia Krajowa, xvii
army(ies), xvii, xviii, xix, xx, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiv,
adjudicative, 44
Agrarian, vii, ix, 68, 88, 92, 123, 143, 151, 156, 162,
167, 168, 172,213,217, 241
Agrarian crisis, vii, 68
Agrarian reform, ix, 143, 168, 172, 240, 241
Agrarian revolution, ix, 151, 156, 167
agricultural, vi, xxxv, 5, 9, 20, 21, 22,25,43, 51, 69,
81, 104, 143, 153, 161, 162, 171, 172, 180, 185,
208,211,214,217, 246, 283
AK, 232
Albert, John, 42, 50, 51
Alexander I, 144, 161
Alexander II, 161
alliance(s), viii, 14, 28, 36, 38, 41, 54, 64, 74, 80, 81,
88,90, 95,99, 109, 110, 114, 119, 191,194, 221,
222, 223, 247
Anglo-Saxon, 4, 127,277
Anna (Grand Duchess), 140
archbishop, xx, xxx, 12, 13, 22, 26, 27, 39, 56, 64,
78, 113,170, 180, 243
architectural, 20, 235
architecture, 45, 58, 85, 159, 183, 212, 290, 295
aristocracy(ies), xviii, xxx, 40, 42, 49, 50, 52, 54, 56,
71, 72, 82, 84, 90, 92, 98, 99, 104, 105, 106, 111,
118, 124, 125, 131, 135, 141, 146, 147, 167, 169,
171,269, 277, 278, 286
aristocratic, xviii, 65, 106
aristocrats, xiii, xxx, 10, 24, 42, 53, 65, 84, 85, 88,
91, 118, 126, 131, 140, 153, 156, 157, 169, 171,
229
Armenian(s), xix, 44
xxxv, 23, 30, 37, 41,42, 49, 51, 53, 56, 64, 65,
66, 67, 68, 74, 76, 77, 80, 81, 89, 90, 91, 95, 96,
98, 101, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118,
119, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, 144, 145,
147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 155, 156, 158, 162,
163, 185, 186, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197,201,203,
204, 208, 213, 216, 220, 221, 222, 223, 227, 228,
229, 241, 242, 244, 246, 247, 248, 252, 253, 257,
258, 268, 271,287
artistic, 58, 151, 173,242
artists, 155, 159, 230
Ashkenazi, Shimon, 183
assimilate, 44, 1II, 124, 138, 167, 209, 210
assimilated, 33, 131, 153, 209,235
assimilation, 33, 104
astronomy, 45, 60, 106
Augustus I, 88, 89,90, 91, 93, 95, 96,97
Augustus II, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 97
Augustus III, 88, 91, 93, 95, 96, 97
Augustus, Sigismund, vi, 53, 55, 56, 57, 59, 83, 236
Augustus, Stanislaw, viii, 87, 96, 97, 106, 109, 110,
112
Auschwitz, 231, 239, 257
Austria, x
Austrian(s), X, xviii, xxx, xxxi, 41, 77, 80, 95, 109,
116, 120, 123, 124, 125, 130, 131, 132, 135, 139,
144, 151, 152, 155, 156, 157, 158, 169, 171, 172,
175, 178, 180, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195,
209, 221,248, 284
Austro-Hungarian, xviii, xix, 87, 192
author(s), xii, 17, 49, 59, 132, 159, 174, 183, 297
300
Index
Avars, 4
Avraham, Yitzhak ben, 84
axis, 57, 193, 195, 196, 197, 264
Badeni, Kazinierz, 180
Balkan, 178, 179
Baltic, xx, xxix, 5, 7, 11, 16, 22, 23, 24, 29, 35, 41,
45, 53, 67, 69, 73, 76, 80, 81, 103, 124, 152,211,
246, 265, 271,283
Barbarossa, Frederick, 22, 30, 33, 229
baroque, viii, 92
Batory, Stefan, vi, 53, 56, 57, 64, 65, 236
Beck, Jozef, xi, 217, 218, 221
Belarus, xxviii, 87, 98, 140, 146, 169, 201, 203, 209,
265
Belarusian(s), xi, xxx, 54, 71, 129, 130, 146, 148,
151, 202, 204, 209, 210, 215, 217, 220, 234, 248,
268
Belgrade, xviii, 41
Beneš, Václav L., xxxiii, 40, 164, 174, 204, 289, 293
Berg (General), 164
Berlin, 104, 120, 156, 157, 188,218
Berman, Jakob, 244
bibie, 277, 278
biblical, 235
Bielecki, Jan Krzystof, 263
Bierut, Bolesław, 242
Biskupski, Mieczysław B., 71, 209, 227, 228, 230,
231,232, 234, 242, 243, 246, 247, 255, 259, 263,
265, 266, 269, 272, 289, 294
Bismarck, Otto Von, 120, 163, 169, 170, 177, 178,
180, 182, 266
Black Death, 43
Blejwas, Stanislaus A, 165, 289, 290, 294
bloc(s), xi, xii, xix, xx, xxxii, xxxv, 178, 189, 207,
208, 225, 232, 241, 243, 244, 253, 254, 255, 257,
260, 268, 269, 273
Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania, 43
Bohemia, 5, 7,10, 11, 12, !3, 18,27, 30,31,35,36,
40, 41, 43, 50, 51, 66, 67, 72, 143, 236, 278
Bohemian(s), xxx, 11, 12, 18, 24, 27, 31,36, 55
Bolesławiu, 18, 19, 31
Bolesław the Boid, 18
Bolesław the Pious, 22, 32
Bolesław the Tall, 32
Bonaparte, Napoleon, ix, 125, 135, 136, 137, 138,
139, 140, 141, 144, 163,248
Boswell, A. Bruce, 31, 32, 275, 276, 289, 294, 295
Brandenburg, 10, 26, 27, 30, 36,43, 66, 77,80, 81
Broniewski, Vladyslaw, 239
Bulgarian(s), ii, v, xv, xix, xx, xxvii, 5, 11, 14, 29,
130, 279
c I
Calvin, John, 278
Calvinism, 55
Calvinist, 55, 56
Calvinistic, 72
Calvinists, 55, 57, 79
capitalism, 123, 180, 263
cardinal, 251, 252, 256
Carpathian(s), xvii, 3, 4, 12, 78, 283, 241
Casimir II, vi, 17, 25, 36
Casimir III, vi, 36
Casimir IV, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50
Casimir the Great, 30, 31, 36, 37, 38, 44, 236
Casimir, John, 75, 76
cathedral, 45
Catherine II, 95, 96, 109
Catherine the Great, 96
Catholic, xii, 10, 11, 12,32,37,38, 39,40,41,51,
55, 57, 59, 66, 71, 72, 73, 76, 78, 84, 92, 98, 99,
100, 124, 130, 131, 154, 169, 170, 178, 180, 182,
188, 198, 209, 234, 242, 243, 246, 247, 251, 253,
254, 272, 275, 278, 279, 284
Catholic University in Lviv, 251
Catholicism, vii, xxix, 37, 42, 55, 58, 65, 66, 71, 72,
73,92, 131, 170, 178, 186, 188,204,221,279,
283
central Europe, xvi, 4, 5, 9,41,45, 269, 285, 291,
294
Charles 1, xviii
Charles XII, 89
Chelm District, 195
Cheimno, 25
Chlopicki, Josef, 147, 148
Chopin, Frydryk, 132, 159
Christ, Jesus 73, 247, 279
Christian, xviii, xix, xx, xxxi, xxxii, 12, 13, 16, 24,
30, 33, 38, 39, 44, 80, 82, 83, 84, 207, 209, 236,
247, 267, 275, 276, 278, 280, 284
Christian II, xx
Index
301
Christianity, v, xvii, xviii, xix, 5, 8, 12, 13, 19, 23,
24, 29, 30, 31, 38, 54, 65, 71, 80, 83, 84, 104,
124, 152, 186, 204, 235, 276, 283, 284
church(es), xix, xxx, xxxi, xxxv, 9, 16, 17, 19, 20,
22, 27, 28, 35, 37, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, 52, 54,
55, 59, 60, 64, 67, 68, 71,72, 78, 80, 92, 99, 105,
106, 110, 116, 118, 124, 130, 138, 140, 151, 154,
162, 168, 169, 170, 180, 182, 203, 221,229, 242,
243, 246, 247, 251, 252, 254, 255, 257, 258, 259,
264, 272, 277, 279, 282
citizen(s), xvii, xviii, xx, xxviii, 18, 23, 42, 70, 113,
115, 129, 130, 147, 164, 252, 279,286
citizenship, 130, 165
city council, 44
code Napoleon, 138, 141
Communism, 237, 244, 245, 255, 256, 257, 265,
268, 284
Communist(s), xi, xii, xvii, xix, xxxii, xxxv, 156,
209, 211, 216, 228, 232, 239, 240, 241,242, 243,
244, 245, 246, 247, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257,
258, 259, 260, 263, 264, 265, 269, 279, 282, 290,
295
Communist bloc, xxxii, xxxv, 241, 243, 244, 257,
260, 269
communities, vi, vii, xvii, 1, 14, 28, 33, 44,47,49,
55 ,63, 75, 78, 90, 129, 154, 179, 181, 182, 254,
266, 267, 270, 279, 285
confederation, viii, 65, 89, 90, 91, 97, 98, 111
congress, iv, ix, x, 41, 42, 115, 144, 145, 152, 157,
161, 162, 164, 168, 169, 172, 173, 179, 180, 182,
186, 191, 192
Congress Kingdom, ix, x, 144, 152, !57, 161, 162,
164, 168, 169, 172, 173, 179, 180, 182, 186, 191,
192
consolidation, vi, 12, 18, 20, 42, 117, 133, 205, 210,
254
Constantinople, xx, 4, 37, 40, 78, 283
constitution, viii, ix, xi, xxxiii, 51, 104, 109, 111,
112, 113, 114, 119, 125, 137, 138, 144, 145, 151,
186, 201, 202, 206, 213, 215, 242, 256
constitutional, viii, xxxiii, 9, 64, 65, 96, 100, 112,
113, 114, 128, 129, 144, 193,207,217,219, 253,
289, 293
Copernicus, Nicolaus, 49, 50, 60, 132
Cossack(s), vii, 67, 73, 75, 76, 78, 79, 83, 89, 98, 99
counter-reformation, vii, 60, 71, 72, 73, 82, 85
coup, xxxiii, 95, 96, 112, 213, 214, 215
Cracow, 5, 7, 8, 9, 17, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 36, 37,
38, 39, 44, 45, 59, 60, 70, 76, 77, 83, 88, 89, 98,
99, 115, 116, 130, 131, 139, 144, 151, 152, 155,
158, 172, 175, 176, 180, 183, 196,212,230,245
craft(s), xxxi, 7, 15, 43, 44, 45, 83
craftsman, 70
craftsmen, 15, 35, 44, 70, 92, 104
craftwork, 33
crown, vi, vii, viii, 35, 69, 91, 96, 164
crystallization, xxxiv, 154
crystallize, xviii, xxxi, 26, 44, 220
crystallized, xviii, xxxi, 26, 44
crystallizing, 154
cultural, v, vii, ix, x, xiii, xix, xx, xxxi, 10, 15, 16,
20, 26, 35, 49, 50, 55, 58, 59, 61, 85, 92, 106,
123, 131, 146, 159, 169, 170, 174, 182, 188,209,
211, 230, 235, 237, 242, 253, 283, 284, 289, 295
cultural golden age, 50
culturally, 44, 210, 234
culture(s), vi, vii, viii, xi, xii, 3, 4, 28, 29, 45, 58, 61,
92, 103, 212, 244, 275, 291, 293, 295
Cyrankiewicz, Josef, 241
czar, x, 9, 41,42, 54, 57, 65, 66, 67, 77, 78, 84, 89,
90, 95, 97, 99, 133, 137, 140, 144, 145, 146, 147,
151, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 169, 178, 180, 185,
186, 190, 194, 195
czardom, 53
czarina, 95,97, 109, 113, 114, 118, 119
czarist, 191, 229
Czartoryski (Polish political persona), 144
Czech(s), xi, 31, 196, 202, 203, 205, 210, 221, 222,
265, 271,272, 276, 277
Czechia, 31
Czechoslovakia, 212, 222, 245, 260, 270, 272
Czechoslovakians, 267
° i
d’Anjou, Louis, 37, 39
Dąbrowski, Jarosław, 162, 163
Danzig, 69, 70, 218, 221, 223
Daszyński, Ignacy, 196
Davies, Norman, viii, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 17, 29, 37, 39,
40, 45, 50, 52, 57, 69, 76, 78, 82, 83, 84, 112,
118, 119, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133,
135, 210, 215, 221, 225, 227, 235, 236, 240, 242,
243, 244, 247, 252, 253, 254, 290, 293, 294
Dembiński, Henryk, 149
demilitarization, vii, 91
302
Index
democracy(ies), vi, 9, 51, 127, 128, 136, 259, 263,
264, 265, 281,286, 287
democratic, xxxiv, 70, 127, 128, 163, 174, 175, 180,
189,203,206,219, 234,254, 258,263,264,281
democratically, 70, 134, 271
democrats, x, 187
demonstration(s), ix, 112, 130, 162, 185, 186, 193,
197, 218, 220, 244, 246, 253, 256, 259
demonstrators, 162, 185, 186, 244
Depression, xi, 217, 245
dictator, xvii, xxxiv, 204, 215, 220, 287
dictatorship, xi, 127, 204, 213, 214, 215, 217, 248,
268, 286
diet(s), 111,278
Dmowski, Roman, 135, 174, 186, 187, 194,210
Dnieper River, 3, 5, 53, 79, 88, 95, 229
Dov Ber, 85
Dubček, Alexander, 245
Duchy(ies), ix, 11, 13, 15, 22, 23, 26, 27, 31, 32, 35,
36,38,41,42, 45, 50,51,53, 80, 136, 137, 138,
139, 140, 141, 143, 144, 152, 156
Dutch, ii, v, xv, xvi, xxvii, xxxiv, xxxv, 9, 14, 55, 69,
100, 109, 290, 293, 297
Dvina River, 5 3
dynasty, v, vi, 10, 13, 25, 28, 30, 31,37, 50, 53, 56,
57
Dziewanowski, Marian K., 24, 119, 120, 174, 205,
221,227, 231, 247, 290, 294
E i
EC, 238, 266, 267
economic, V, vi, vii, viii, ix, xv, xviii, xix, xxx, xxxi,
xxxiii, 7, 14, 15, 21, 32, 36, 37, 43, 45,49, 68, 70,
81,82, 100, 103, 104, 109, 113, 115, 123, 126,
138, 139, 152, 172, 173, 174, 188, 206,208,209,
210, 229, 246, 252, 256, 257, 258, 263, 265, 266,
279, 282, 285
economically, xix, xxx, 14, 50, 113, 124, 208, 234,
255, 256, 258, 270
economy, vi, xxxi, 22, 29, 44, 69, 83, 93, 100, 117,
133, 145, 146, 172, 189,206,208,217,243,251,
252, 253, 256, 258, 263, 265, 270, 281, 282, 285
education, vii, xi, xviii, 28, 71, 85, 101, 146, 189,
212
egalitarian, 45, 189, 197
Elba Island, 144
Elbe River, 5, 30, 283
emigration, viii, 114, 181, 182
ethnic, xix, xxvii, xxviii, xxix, xxx, xxxi, xxxiii, 4,
10, 13, 27,33,35,37, 87, 90, 98, 99, 100, 128,
130, 132, 134, 153, 154, 157, 158, 168, 169, 170,
176, 177, 186, 188, 189, 198,202,209,210,215,
220, 229, 230, 234, 248, 265, 267, 268, 269, 275,
277
ethnically, xxx, 3, 37, 63, 181,248, 251, 269
ethnicity, xxvii, 4, 10, 63, 90, 118, 127, 128, 219,
223, 235, 277, 279
European, i, ii, iii, v, viii, ix, x, xii, xiii, xv, xvi, xvii,
xviii, xix, xx, xxi, xxvii, xxxi, xxxii, xxxv, 4, 9,
14, 15, 20, 23, 29, 33, 35, 45, 51, 66, 71, 80, 82,
87,92, 101, 103, 106, 111, 117, 119, 123, 126,
128, 135, 144, 149, 152, 158, 164, 165, 168, 177,
182, 183, 185, 190,203,205,208,211,212,214,
222, 231, 234, 235, 236, 237, 244, 246, 254, 261,
266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 276, 278,
280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 291, 295, 297
European Union (EU), i, ii, iii, v, xii, xiv, xv, xvi,
xvii, xix, xx, xxi, xxvii, xxxii, xxxv, 9, 14, 15, 80,
82, 211,236, 237, 238, 254, 261, 265, 266, 267,
268, 269, 270, 272, 276, 281, 282, 285, 287,297
exiled, 144, 151, 155,228
exile(s), xviii, 161, 174,217, 231,232,240
F ■
feudal, vi, ix, xx, xxx, 20, 23, 29, 32, 33, 50, 51, 66,
69,73, 103, 105, 140, 143, 148, 155, 157, 158,
164, 283
feudalism, 113, 124, 140, 144, 158, 167, 168
France, 20, 28, 29, 56, 57, 61, 64, 67, 72, 77, 79, 80,
84, 95, 97, 100, 106, 114, 115, 118, 135, 137, 138,
140, 144, 147, 159, 161, 173, 194, 204, 206, 211,
218, 221, 222, 223, 228, 267, 272, 277, 282, 284
Frank, Jacob, 85, 104, 230
Frankfurt, 43
Franki sm, 85
Franki st, 84
French, xxxi, xxxiv, xxxv, 14, 37, 72, 73, 77, 78, 80,
83,84, 88,90,91,97, 99, 106, 111, 113, 115,
119, 125, 126, 129, 132, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140,
141, 147, 149, 194, 196, 198,215, 221,223,228,
236, 237, 248, 269, 272, 289, 293, 297
Frenchman, 132, 137
Index
303
I
Galicia, ix, x, 124, 131, 139, 152, 153, 155, 158,
164, 171, 172, !73, 174, 175, 176, 180, 182, 188,
189, 190, 191, !93, 195, 203,278
Galician, x, 158, 171, 172, 173, 180, 189
Gdansk Gulf, xxix, 19, 22, 27, 31, 57, 67, 69, 83, 88,
99, 100, 103, 110, 203, 218, 244, 246, 257
Geertz, Clifford, 127
Generalgouvemment, 230
German(s), vi, x, xi, xvi, xvii, xix, xxix, xxx, xxxi,
xxxiv, xxxvi, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 21, 23, 24,
25, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 36, 38, 41, 43, 44, 55,
60, 65, 66,67, 80, 87, 92, 130, 131, 132, 152,
153, 154, !56, 157, 169, 170, 171, 176, 177, 178,
181, 182, 187, 188, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, L96,
197, 201, 202, 203, 210, 211, 2!2, 215, 218, 219,
220, 221, 222, 223, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231,232,
233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 242, 246, 247, 248,
252, 253, 254, 265, 266, 268, 269, 270, 271,272,
275, 276, 282, 284, 285, 287, 289, 290, 293, 294,
297
Germanic, xxix, 271
Germanization, 182
Germanizing, 230
Germany, 219
GG, 230,231
ghetto, 44, 231,232, 266
Gierek, Edward, 243, 246, 252, 255
Gieysztor, Aleksander, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17,
26, 87, 106, 117, 118, 121, 126, 135, 136, 137,
140, 141, 151, 164, 167, 168, 179, 290,293
Glinski, Michal, 41
gold crafting, 45
Golden Age, vi, 14, 32, 49, 50
Gomulka, Stanislaw, 240, 241,243, 244, 245, 246,
255, 291,294
Gomulka, Vladyslaw, 240
Grabski, Vladyslaw, xi, 204, 208
Great Migratio, ix, 154
Greek-Catholic, 37
guild(s), 15, 32, 44, 70, 72, 105
Gustavus, Charles X, 76
Habsburg(s), vi, xviii, 27, 39, 41, 50, 51, 56, 64, 65,
66, 67, 80, 171, 172, 278
handicrafts, 69
Hakohen, Yosef, 85
Hanseatic League, 23, 24, 26, 29, 43, 69
Henryl, 18, 24,32, 57
Henry II, 24, 57
Henry III, 57
Henry IV (Heinrich), 18
Henry the Pious, 23
Henry V, 30
heretic(s), 41, 72, 83, 289, 294
heretical, 85
heroes, xviii, xx, xxxiv, 131, 220, 236, 237, 287
heroic, xxxi, xxxvi, 150
Hitler, Adolf, xxxiv, 218, 221,222, 223, 227, 233,
253, 266, 269, 271,272
Holy Land, 20
Holy Roman Emperor, xviii
Holy Roman Empire, xxix, 12, 13, 14, 16, 23
Holy Roman imperial court, 20
Holy See, 12, 18, 58, 80, 272
humanism, vi, 58
humanistic, 58
Hun(s), 3,4,51
Hungary, xv, xvi, 245, 260, 270, 272, 278
Hungarian(s), ii, v, xv, xvii, xviii, xix, xxvii, xxx, 10,
18, 28, 36, 37, 41, 58, 82, 87, 172, 192, 245, 260,
267, 272, 276, 277
1
identity(ies), ii, v, vii, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii,
xviii, xxi, 9, 14, 15, 58, 127, 129, 130, 230, 234,
235,254, 285
illiterate, 29, 92, 217
immigrant, 21, 26, 32, 155, 182,229
immigration, 155
industrial, x, xxxiii, 15, 88, 92, 103, 104, 123, 124,
143, 145, 146, 153, 167, 168, 171, 172, 173, 180,
206, 208, 217, 229, 232, 241, 244, 251, 252, 256,
257, 258
industrialist(s), 153, 171,210, 229
industrialization, 104, 153, 170, 189, 208
industrialized, 233, 272
industiy(ies), ix, xvi, xxxiii, 45, 92, 97, 145, 147,
152, 161, 162, 168, 182, 208, 210, 214, 221, 229,
241,242, 251,252
Habermas, Jurgen, 127
304
Index
intelligentsia, xxxiii, 125, 136, 140, 146, 148, 151, Kolankiewicz, George, 264, 290,295
152, 158, 172, 174, 189, 197,230,231,234,253 kolkhoz(es), xxxv, 240
invasion(s), vi, vii, xxx, xxxi, xxxiv, 10, 19, 23, 24, Konrad of Mazowsze, 33
33, 67, 76, 77, 80, 227, 257, 289, 294 Korczyn, 50
Ivan IV, 41, 53, 57 Krukowiecki, Jan, 149
Ivan the Terrible, 54, 57, 65 KUI, 251
Ivanovich, Fyodor I, 78 Kulturkampf, 170, 178, 180
J L 1
Jadwiga of Poland, 38, 39, 40 laborers, xxxiii, 153, L72, 233
Jagiełło, Vladyslaw, vi, 38, 39, 40, 45 leader(s), xvii, xxxiv, 7, 12, 25, 73, 74, 76, 84, 90,
Jagiellończyk, Kazimierz, 40 110, 117, 131, 135, 149, 151, 156, 157, 163, 170,
Jagiellonian dynasty, 41,53, 56 176, 180, 181, 186, 192, 193,203,214,215,219,
Jaruzelski, Wojciech, 257, 258, 259, 263 220, 233, 240, 241, 244, 245, 256, 257, 258, 264,
Jedlicki, Marian Z., 32, 290, 294 287
Jew(s), vii, xi, xiii, xix, xxiii, xxviii, xxx, xxxi, 24,
29, 32, 33, 44, 70, 76, 83, 84, 85, 92, 98, 104,
111, 124, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 138, 149, 169,
188, 189, 207, 209, 210, 215, 220, 229, 230, 231,
232, 234, 239, 245, 247, 248, 266, 278, 289, 293,
297
Jewish, xiii, xix, xxviii, xxx, 24, 29, 32, 76, 83, 84,
85, 98, 104, 128, 130, 132, 207, 229, 230, 231,
239, 245, 247, 266, 289, 293, 297
John III, xvii, xxxi, xxxii, 64, 65, 80, 81, 82
John Paul II, 256, 272
Josef, Franz, 193
Judaism, 83, 84, 85
jurisdictions, 51, 54
1
Kazakhstan, 228
Khmelnytsky, Zynoviy Bohdan, 74, 75, 76, 77
Khrushchev, Nikita, 244, 245
Kieniewicz, Stefan, 1, 121, 136, 137, 140, 141, 151,
164, 167, 168, 290, 293
Kiev, 7, 10, 11, 13, 20, 39, 54, 78, 203
kingdom(s), vi, vii, viii, ix, x, xviii, xx, xxi, xxx,
xxxi, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17,18,23,27, 30,31,
36, 37, 39, 40, 41,42, 43, 50, 53, 54, 57, 59, 63,
64, 65, 66, 68, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 84, 88, 89, 90,
92, 96, 98,99, 100, 104, 109, 110, 111, 118, 120,
129, 132, 140, 143, 144, 145, 153, 157, 161, 162,
164, 168, 169, 172, 173, 179, 180, 182, 186, 191,
192, 193, 205, 248, 276, 277
Knox, John, 278
leadership, xxxiii, 116, 135, 195
league, vii, x, 23, 24, 26, 29, 43, 69, 80, 81, 178,
182, 185, 186, 188,212,218
lebensraum, 92, 228
legion(s), ix, 135, 191, 193
legionnaire(s), 136
Lejbowicz, Ya’akov, 85
lesser Poland, 20, 45, 50, 238
Leszczyński, Stanisław, 91
Lethian, 4
linguistically, 44
literary, 58, 85, 92, 105, 106, 132, 133, 147, 242, 278
literate, 33
literature, viii, xix, xxvii, 50, 59, 84, 85, 97, 104,
111, 126, 131, 146, 159, 170, 179, 182,212,235,
277
Lithuania, vi, vii
Lithuanian, xxix, xxx, 26, 33, 38, 39, 40, 42, 51, 54,
56, 84, 87, 89, 90, 96, 97, 129, 131, 140, 148,
164, 168, 202, 204, 210, 215, 229, 248, 268, 283
Livonia, 53, 67
Livonian, 53
Locamo, xi, 21 1,212
Lord Acton, 127
Louis I, 37, 41
Louis II, 41
Louis the Great, 37
Louis XIV, 80
lowest noblemen, 68
loyal, xxxii, 19,79, 132, 133, 140, 167, 177,213,
216, 221, 251
Index
305
loyalty, ix, xxx, 8, 18, 49, 58, 79, 128, 141, 167, 170,
173, 186,210, 269
Lubomirski, Jerzy, vii, 77, 79
Luksemburg, 239
Lusathian, 3
Luther, Martin, 50, 84, 278
Lutheran(s), 52, 54, 59, 60, 92, 278, 279, 284
Lutheranism, 41, 55
Lviv, 51,70, 158, 172, 180, 183, 189, 201,203,209,
212, 215, 239, 251
I M i
magnates, 37, 50, 52, 64, 66, 72, 76, 81, 88, 89, 90,
91,93, 96,98, 114, 125, 137
Magyars, xvii, 4
Malinowski, Yosef Ben Mordechai, 84
mathematics, 45, 106, 107, 212
Mazovia, 20, 25, 43, 44
Mazovian, 70
Mazowiecki government, 263
medieval, v, 1,7, 30
Miarka, Karol, 170
Michał I, 79, 80
Michałowski, Piotr, 159
Middle Ages, v, 1, 30, 170, 276, 289, 291, 294, 295
middle aristocracy, 49, 105
Mierosławski, Ludwik, 156
Mieszko I, 10, li, 13, 15, 22,30,31,236, 275
Mieszko II, 13, 15,22
Mieszko III, 22
migration, ix, 114, 154, 155, 168, 234
militarily, 282
military, xvii, 217
Millard, Frances, 267, 282, 290, 295
mined, 29
mineral(s), 22, 29, 69
miners, 23, 145
mines, 44, 92, 145, 152, 153
mine-workers, 21
mining, 44, 45, 189, 252
Misztal, Bronislaw, 260, 290, 295
Moczar, Mieczysław, 245
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 231
Mongol, xvii, 4, 23, 29, 32, 33, 39, 289, 294
Moravia, 5, 7, 8, 12, 234, 278
Moravian, 5
Mościcki, Ignacy, 215, 220
Moscow, vi
Muslim(s), xix, xx, xxxi, 7, 31, 57, 60, 80, 82, 83,
84, 279, 297
myth(s), i, ii, iii, v, vii, xvi, xix, xxviii, xxxiii, 4, 10,
26, 37, 58, 59, 82, 131, 141,174, 192, 219, 220,
234, 235, 236, 249, 255, 256, 269, 271,276, 279,
283, 285, 289, 293
mythological, 126, 236, 237, 276
mythology, 235, 236, 237
Napoleon III, 163
Napoleonic, viii, 123, 132, 139, 141
nation(s), xxvii, xxviii, 14, 39, 42, 69, 106, 1 !6, 128,
129, 130, 132, 134, 147, 151, 154, 156, 165, 174,
192, 196, 204, 212, 218, 255, 265, 268, 270, 271,
277, 279, 280, 284, 286, 291, 294
national, vi, viii, ix, x, xi, xii, xiii, xiv, xv, xvi, xvii,
xviii, xix, xxi, xxviii, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxiv,
xxxvi, 4, 9, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19, 25, 26,42,51,60,
63, 68, 76, 78, 80, 82, 87, 98, 99, 106, 112, i 14,
116, 123, 124, 127, 129, 130, 132, 134, 135, 136,
137, 138, 140, 146, 147, 149, 153, 154, 155, 156,
157, 158, 159, 162, 164, 165, 167, 168, 169, 170,
172, 173, 174, 175, 177, 178, 179, 180, 185, 186,
187, 188, 189, 194, 196, 198, 201, 203, 204, 205,
207, 209, 210, 211, 214, 215, 217, 219, 220, 223,
230, 234, 237, 248, 253, 255, 256, 257, 258, 260,
267, 269, 270, 271, 272, 277, 278, 279, 280, 285,
286, 287, 289, 290, 294
nationa! feelings, xviii, 14, 129
nationa! identity, xvii, 9, 14, 15
Nationa! Socialist, 271
nationalist, xxxi, 19, 128, 161, 162, 164, 175, 182,
187, 188, 189,201,211,218,219,221
nationalistic, ix, 28, 124, 128, 136, 157, 162, 164,
178, 185, 235,282
nationality(ies), i, ii, iii, v, vii, viii, x, xi, xii, xiv, xv,
xvi, xvii, 14, 58, 123, 126, 128, 130, 132, 133,
176, 177, 181,201,210,234, 248,275,276,277,
285, 289, 290, 293, 297
NATO, xii, 265, 282, 283
Nazis, 218, 219, 220,222, 229, 231,239,266, 271,
287
Neo-Classic, ix, 146
Nicholas I, 148
nobility, vi, xiii, xvi, xvii, 1,47, 51
306
Index
noblemen, xviii, xx, xxx, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiii, 9, 10,
13, 18, 19, 22, 24, 25, 27, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
42, 50, 51,52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 61, 65, 66, 67,
68, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 79, 81,82, 84, 90,
91, 93, 97, 98, 109, 110, 114, 116, 1 17, 118, 119,
125, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 148, 150, 153,
155, 156, 158, 161, 174
noble(s), xvii, xviii, xx, xxx, xxxi, xxxii, 18, 19, 36,
38, 39, 42,45, 51,52, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 64, 65,
66, 68, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82,
83, 89, 92, 96, 97, 98, 99, 104, 105, 109, 111,
112, 119, 125, 128, 131, 136, 137, 138, 139, 153,
156, 157, 158, 169, 172, 197,221
Northern War, vii, 88, 89
«
occupation, x, xi, xvii, xix, xx, xxxii, xxxiv, 14, 31,
35,57,76,81, 131, 137, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154,
156, 157, 173, 174, 192, 193,203, 205,212,227,
228, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 242, 279, 282, 287
Oder River, v, 3, 5, 11, 13, 22, 30, 43, 229, 234, 246,
265
Oliwa, vii, 78
organic work, 156, 173, 174, 175, 177, 290, 294
Orthodox, vii, xix, xxix, 37, 40, 59, 65, 66, 67, 71,
72, 78, 84, 92, 98, 124, 131, 151, 169, 186, 204,
209, 221,279, 284
Orthodoxy, 65, 78, 169
Otto, 10, 13, 19,31
Ottol, 10, 13
Otto III, 10, 13
Otto of Bamberg, 19, 31
Ottomans, 83, 234
I p I
pagan(s), xxix, 10, 12, 13, 19, 25, 30, 39, 83, 275
painter, 159, 182
painting(s), 45, 59, 73, 85, 147, 159, 183
Pan-European, viii, xv, 119
Papee, Fryderyk, 50, 290, 294
parliament, vi, xx, 42, 49, 77, 110, 111, 112, 158,
170, 174, 181, 206, 208, 219, 254, 264, 284, 286
parliamentarian, 42
parliamentary, xi, 50, 111, 158, 175, 206, 207, 281
partisans, xxxiv, 77, 232, 287
partition(s), viii, ix, 52, 63, 87, 99, 113, 117, 118,
124, 137, 152, 174, 214,268
partitioned, xxxiii, 54, 134, 173, 175, 191, 279
partitioning, xxxii, U8, 124, 125, 126, 13!, 132,
135, 162, 176, 197, 198,237,284
patriarch, 37, 78
patriotic, ix, 19,49,98, 112, 115,118, 131, 162, 178,
239, 252, 254, 258
patriotierst nobles, 77
patriotism, 291,294
patriot(s), 77, 112, 114, 115, 136, 138, 155, 161,
252, 272, 277
peace, vii, X, 78, 117, 135, !95, 204
peace treaties, xi, 78, ! 17, 135, 195, 203, 204
peasants, vi, viii, ix, x, xiii, xviii, xix, xx, xxxi, xxxii,
xxxiii, xxxv, 11, 18, !9, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 29,
30, 32, 43, 45, 49, 51, 52, 54, 55, 57, 58, 65, 68,
71, 72, 73, 77, 78, 84, 88, 90, 97, 98, 99, 103,
!04, լ 13, 115, 116, II8, 119, 123, 124, 125, 130,
!31, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141,
!43, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 152, 153, 154, 155,
156, 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 167, 168,
169, 171, 172, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 183, 185,
186, 188, 189, 192, 196, 197, 201, 203, 204, 207,
208, 211, 213, 220, 230, 240, 241, 254, 269, 286
people s democracy, 256, 264
Peter I, vii, 90, 92, 95
Peter III, 95
Piast(s), 10, 25, 26, 30, 35
Piłsudski, Józef, x, xi, xvii, xxxiv, 175, 191, 192,
193, 195, 197, 201, 202, 203, 204, 209, 210, 213,
214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 239, 248,
249, 259, 268, 287
Pobożny, Bolesław, 22
poem, 4, 8, 244
poet(s), 49, 50, 59, 119, 155, 182,239, 240
poetry, 28, 58, 85, 131, 147, 159,212
Polish army, xviii, xxxii, 49, 66, 76, 77, 80, 114,
115, !35, 137, 139, 144, 147, 148, 150, 151, !94,
204, 220, 222, 223, 227, 242, 244, 248, 257
Polish Communist(s), xxxv, 232, 239, 240, 241, 242,
244, 257, 258
Polish national, viii, x, xii, xiii, xiv, xvii, xxix, xxxii,
xxxiii, xxxiv, 19, 63, 81, 98,99, 111, 118, 126,
128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 151,
154, 156, 157, 162, 164, 165, 167, 168, 170, 17!,
174, 175, 176, 177, 181, 182, 185, 186, 187, 188,
196, 204, 205, 211, 214, 223, 234, 236, 255, 256,
257, 258, 268, 276, 277, 279, 280, 285, 286
Index
307
Polish national league, x, 185, 186, 188
Polish nationality, viii, x, xii, xiii, xiv, xvii, xxix,
xxxii, xxxiii, xxxiv, 19, 63,82, 98, 99, 111, 118,
126, 128, !29, 130, 131, 134, 135, 136, 151, 154,
157, 164, 165, 167, 170, 171, 174, 175, 176, 177,
181, 182, 187, 188, 196,204, 205,211,214,234,
236, 256, 257, 258, 268, 276, 277, 279, 285, 286
Polish path, xxxv, 245, 257, 268, 269
Polish people, 58, 118, 133, 162, 173,231,232,257
Polish question, x, 120, 174, 188, 190, 196
Polish resistance, xi, 210, 232
Polish state, V, viii, x, xiv, xvi, xxxi, xxxiv, 8, 10, 11,
15, 33, 36, 38, 53, 59, 63, 69, 82, 87, 100, 117,
118, 124, 126, 130, 134, 138, 144, 146, 176, 191,
194, 195, 196, 198,202, 205,207,210,214,219,
221, 235, 238, 247, 248, 255, 270, 279
Polish United Workers’ Party, 245
politician(s), 139, 155, 173, 189, 192, 193, 195, 209,
217, 228, 242, 264
Pomerania, vii, ix, 19, 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30,
31,36, 38,42, 57,61,64,83, 89,91,92, 153,
154, 155, 178, 181, 188, 223,233
Pomeranian(s), 19,26, 131
Poniatowski, Prince Jozef, 96, 137, 139
Pope, xxxi, 10, 12, 18, 23, 24, 25, 28, 40, 51, 53, 55,
57, 60, 65, 66, 67, 78, 80, 256, 257, 272
positivism, ix, !67, 289, 290, 294
positivist approach, 173, 174
positivist movement, 174
Poznan, ix, 27, 143, 144, 145, 152, 156, 158, 170,
178, 181, 182, 188, 202,212, 228,238,244
PPC, 241
Prague, 45
PRL, 259, 263
progressivism, 133
proletariat, ix, x, xxxiii, 105, 143, 167, 175, 176,
180, 186, 187, 189, 193, 197,214,215,220
Protestant, 53, 59, 67, 72, 73, 130, 154, 277, 278
Protestantism, 55, 71, 182
province(s), X, xx, 5, 9, 19, 37, 40, 76, 79, 100, 105,
15!, 156, 169, 176, 202, 238
Prus, Boleslaw, 133
Prussia, xxix, xxxi, xxxii, xxxiii, 29, 30, 31, 33, 40,
41, 43, 45, 54, 55, 57, 60, 66, 72, 80, 85, 89, 91,
95, 97, 99, 100, 103, 109, 110, 114, 115, 116,
119, 123, 124, 125, 133,134, 137, 143, 144, 145,
150, 153, 157, 163, 164, 170, 173, 175, 177, 178,
180, 182, 202, 204, 233, 237, 268, 271,279, 284
Prussianis), vii, viii, ix, x, xxix, xxx, 33,41, 50, 59,
66, 67, 70, 73, 91,92, 95, 96, 97, 99, 100, 109,
110, 111, 113, 114, 116, 119, 120, 124, 125, 129,
130, 131, 132, 137, 138, 139, 143, 144, 150, 151,
152, 154, 156, 157, 158, 163, 164, 169, 170, 175,
177, 178, 180, 181, 187, 188, 205, 235,271,284
Przemyśl l, 22, 27
Przemyśl II, 22, 27
PZDR, 245
PZPR, 241,254, 259
Q ~1
Queen Elizabeth of Poland, 37, 95
red Põles, 163
reformation, vi, 53, 54, 55, 58, 60, 71, 72, 73, 82, 85,
277
regent(s), x, 37, 38, 180, 189, 194, 195, 197
regime(s), vi, ix, x, xvii, xix, xxxiv, 3, 8, 9, 17, 19,
28, 29, 36, 38, 49, 53, 57, 63, 74, 81, 95, 103,
113, 115, 118, 126, 127, 128, 130, 132, 133, !34,
135, 136, 137, 138, 139, L44, 145, 146, 151, 155,
157, !58, 162, 163, 168, 169, 170, 171, 180, 181,
182, 185, 186, 188, 192, 194, 209, 214, 215, 219,
221, 222, 229, 243, 248, 251, 252, 253, 255, 256,
257, 258, 259, 264, 268, 271, 279, 282, 284, 286,
287
Renaissance, vii, 49, 50, 55, 58, 59, 61
republic, xii, 55, 70, 100, 109, 115, 126, 196, 202,
203, 205, 215, 232, 234, 240, 243, 248, 252, 253,
259, 261, 263, 265, 271, 272, 290,295
republicans, 135
revolution, ix, x, xvi, 14, 15, 66, 111, 113, 114, 115,
123, 125, 127, 129, 132, 147, 149, !50, 151, 153,
156, 157, 158, 161, 167, 172, 185, 189, 190, 194,
195, 196, 197, 198, 201, 229, 236, 269, 284, 289,
293
revolutionary(ies), ix, 105, 116, 117, 123, 125, 144,
147, 148, 149, 156, 157, 158, 163, 165, 175, !85,
186, 187, 190, 195, 201, 220, 222, 239, 240
Reymont, Vladyslaw, 183
Roman Catholic, 10, 38, 78, 130, 169, 204, 209, 243,
251,272
Romanov, Michael, 66, 67
308
Index
romantic, ix, x, xviii, 96, 133, 146, 159, 174, 182,
277, 279
Romantic Movement, x, 174
Rostworowski, Emanuel, 1,87, 106, 117, 118,290,
293
Russia, vii, ix, x, xi
Russian, viii, x, xix, xx, xxix, xxxvi, 7, 8, 18, 41,42,
54, 57, 65, 66, 67, 73, 76, 78, 79, 81, 84, 89, 90,
91,95, 96, 97,98, 99, 101, !09, 110, U3, 114,
115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 124, 125, 126, 129,
130, 131, 132, 133, 136, 137, 139, 140, 144, 146,
147,148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 155, 156, 157,
161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 169, 172, 173, 174, 175,
178, 179, 180, 181, 185, 186, 187, !88, !90, 191,
192, 194, 195, 203, 204, 205, 210, 214, 219, 229,
234, 235, 237, 238, 243, 244, 245, 248, 254, 257,
268, 269, 270, 273, 282, 284
Russification, x, 168, 179
Ruthenia, 13, 25, 30, 36, 37, 38, 59, 65, 78, 92, !63,
268
Ruthenian, 25, 71, 74, 130
Rydz-Smigly, Edward, 220
s I
Saxon(s), xxxii, 4, 30, 87, 88, 89, 91, 92, 96, 106,
127, 269, 277
Saxony, vii, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 114, 137
science, iv, xi, 146, 212, 290, 293, 297
scientists, 49, 50, 132
sculpture(s), 45, 59
Sejm, viii, xi, xxxi, xxxiii, 41, 50, 5 1,53, 54, 55, 56,
57, 58, 68, 72, 73, 74, 77, 79, 81,90, 91, 92, 97,
98, 100, 104, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 118,
119, 138, 139, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 171,
172, 190, 193, 196,202, 206,207,208,213,216,
220, 254, 259, 263
serfdom, xxxiii, 29, 76, 82, 101, 118, 119, 137, 139,
143, 144, 149, 161, 164, 165, 176
Siberia, 229
Sigismund I, 40,41, 44, 53, 54, 64, 65, 66, 69, 173
Sigismund II, 41, 54, 64, 65, 66, 69
Sigismund III, 54, 64, 65, 66, 69
Sigismund the Elder, 41
Sikorski, Władysław, 192, 207, 213
Slav(s), xxix, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 24, 3!, 275, 276, 283
Slavic, xix, xx, xxix, 3, 4, 5, 8, 20, 21, 23, 28, 31, 43,
92, 186,237,238, 284
Slavonian(s), 4, 5, 30
Smolensk, 39, 41, 53, 66, 67, 78
Sobieski (King John III), xvii, xxxi, xxxii, 80, 81,
289, 290, 294, 295
socialism, x, 177
socialist(s), x, 175, 178, 180, 185, 186, 187, 195,
196, 197, 201, 216, 239, 241, 242, 251, 264, 268,
271, 291,294
societal, !55, 282
society, vi, viii, 9, 14, 15, 29, 103, 119, 174, 291,
294
Sodobians, 24
solidarity, xxxv, 257, 258, 259, 264, 290, 295
sovereignty, vii, xvi, xvii, xviii, xxvi, xxx, xxxi, 60,
73,80, 82, 87, 88, 113, 126, 127, 134, 138, 140,
165, 174, 198, 237, 253,259, 266,267,268,269,
282, 285,286
Soviet(s), xi, xii, xvii, xix, xx, xxxiii, xxxv, xxxvi,
63, 76, 126, !27, 130, 149, 1.95, 202, 203, 204,
211, 218, 220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 228, 229,
230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 237, 239, 240, 241,242,
244, 245, 247, 248, 249, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256,
257, 258, 259, 265, 268, 269, 273, 282, 284, 287
Soviet bloc, xix, xx, xxxv, 232, 254, 259
Soviet Russia, xi, xxxiii, 195, 203, 282
Soviet Union, xxxiii, 63, 76, 127, 211,218, 220, 222,
228, 229, 233, 234, 242, 253, 256, 265, 268, 28234,
242, 253, 256, 265, 268, 282
Spring of Nations, 14, !56
Spindleshanks, Vladyslaw, 22
Stapinski, Jan, 181, 189
state(s), v, vi, viii, ix, x, xiv, xv, xvi, 3, 8, 11, 15, 17,
20,35,41, 110, 117, 125, 129, 139, 149, 158,
182, 191, 196, 229, 242, 289, 290, 291,293, 294,
295, 297
state-nationality, xv
Sub-Carpatho Ukraine, 222
Supinski, Jozef, 165, 290, 294
Swedes, ii, v, xv, xx, xxi, xxvii, 67, 73, 76, 77, 78,
79, 89, 119, 131,279
Swedish, vii, xx, 64, 65, 66, 76, 77, 78, 79, 88, 89,
lil
synod(s), 24, 55, 65
Szczepański, Jan 32,204, 291, 294
j
Taras, 214, 218, 243, 254, 291, 294
Index
309
Tatar(s), vi, xx, xxx, 23, 24, 25, 33, 51,54, 67, 74,
75, 79, 83
Teutonic, xxix, 25, 26, 27, 33, 36, 38, 41,43, 50, 53,
60, 83, 290, 294
Teutonic Order of Prussia, 53
the Bearded, 32
the Maggid, 85
Thirty Years’ War, 64, 67, 70, 73, 76
threat, vi, 23, 26, 36, 113, 164, 178, 188, 223, 234,
237, 247, 249, 265, 270, 279, 283, 284, 285
trade, vii, 69
Turkey, vii
Turkish, xvii, xviii, xix, xxxi, 35, 40, 44, 57, 67, 74,
80, 81, 89, 97, 99, 125, 279, 283
Vładysław L thè Short, vi, 36, 236
Vladyslaw III, 40, 82, 83
Vladyslaw IV, vii, 64, 67, 72, 73, 75
Vladyslaw thè Short, 27, 28, 35
vodka, 153
Vojtech, Dubravka, 31
W I
Wacław II, 27
Wacław III, 27
Walesa, Lech, 257, 258, 259, 263, 264
Walicki, Andrzej, 126, 276, 277, 291,294
Walzer, Michael, 127
Ukrainian(s), xi, xxx, 54, 74, 75, 76, 78, 98, 104,
129, 131, 146, 148, 151, 158, 164, 168, 172, 180,
188, 189, 195,201,202, 203, 207,209,210,215,
217, 220, 222, 229, 234, 241, 248, 268, 272
undemocratic, 128
United Workers’ party, 254
university(ies), xxiii, 33, 39,43, 45, 59, 60, 146, 162,
169, 172, 179, 189, 209, 212, 215, 230, 245, 251,
289, 290, 294, 295, 297
unpatriotic, 104
uprising(s), vii, viii, ix, xviii, 19, 26, 66, 71, 74, 76,
77, 79, 90, 98, 99, 104, 115, 116, 119, 123, 124,
131, 133, 135, 136, 141, 143, 144, 147, 149, 150,
151, 155, 156, 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165,
167, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 183, 185, 186,
187, 197, 206, 214, 231, 233, 245, 253, 260, 267,
287
Vasa, Sigismund, 64
vassal(s), 23, 27, 30, 35, 41, 50, 53, 67, 97, 100, 140
Vatican, 169, 171
veto, 97
Vienna, xvii, xxxi, 41,45, 67, 80, 99, 120, 144, 145,
158, 172, 173, 174, 283
Vilnius region, 76, 96, 116, 140, 146, 155, 229
Vistula River, xxix, 3, 5, 11,67, 69, 100, 144, 275,
279, 283
Vladyslaw I, vii, 33, 36, 37, 40, 64, 67, 72, 73, 75,
82, 83
Wandycz, Piotr S, 25, 38, 234, 276, 277, 291, 294
Warsaw, ix, xvii, xxxiv, xxxv, 24, 54, 65, 76, 88, 89,
92, 105, 110, lil, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 124,
131, 132, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 143, 144, 145,
146, 147, 149, 150, 151, 159, 161, 162, 163, 169,
172, 173, 174, 175, 179, 180, 185, 192, 193, 194,
197, 201, 203, 213, 215, 231, 232, 233, 242, 244,
246, 248, 249, 253, 255, 257, 266, 287, 289, 290,
293, 294
Wereszycki, Henryk 1, 121, 179,290,293
Western Europe, 35, 45, 71, 106, 117, 270, 284
Western European, 35, 45, 71, 106, 117, 270, 284
Wilhelm II of Austria, 38, 133
Willisen, Karl Wilhelm von, 156
Wiśniowiecki, Michał Korybut, 79
Wittmayer, Salo, 127
Wodziński, Stanisław, 89
Wojtyla, Karol, 256
World War I, x, xi, xiv, xvi, xvii, xix, xxx, xxxiv,
xxxv, 9, 26, 63, 90, 149, 176, 219, 223, 225, 227,
231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 239, 241, 243, 246, 247,
248, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 260, 266, 268,
270, 272, 279, 282, 285, 286, 287
World War II, xi, xiv, xvi, xvii, xix, xxx, xxxiv,
xxxv, 9, 26, 63, 90, 149, 176, 219, 223, 225, 227,
231, 232, 233, 235, 236, 239, 241, 243, 246, 247,
248, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 260, 266, 268,
270, 272, 279, 282, 285, 286, 287
world wars, xv, xix, xxi, xxxiv, 176, 181,214, 236,
248, 253, 259, 268, 286
worship, 29, 44, 55, 66, 106, 254, 277, 278
worshippers, 162
Wysłouch, Bolesław, 180
Wyszyński, Stefan, 243, 252
310
Index
Y
Z
Young Poland, x, 182
Zalman, Schneur, 85
Zajączek, Józef, 144
Zamoyski, Adam, 12, 24, 58, 65, 283, 284, 291, 293
Zamoyski, Jan, 58, 65
Zaolzie region, 222
Zwingly, Huldrych, 278
Bayerische
Staats bib! iothe!
München
|
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| discipline | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
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| geographic | Poland History Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Poland History Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV044620078 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:57:20Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781536125627 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 017043691 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030018365 |
| oclc_num | 1004664643 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xxxiv, 310 Seiten |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Nova Science Publisher's, Inc. |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Post-Nationality in the European Union's East and North |
| spelling | Cohen, Yehuda 1931- (DE-588)140768114 aut The Poles myths and reality Yehuda Cohen Hauppauge, New York Nova Science Publisher's, Inc. [2017] © 2017 xxxiv, 310 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Post-Nationality in the European Union's East and North 2 Includes bibliographical references and index European Union Poland Geschichte gnd rswk-swf National characteristics, Polish Polish people Ethnic identity Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd rswk-swf Poland History Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 s Geschichte z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe Cohen, Yehuda (Independent researcher), author Poles Hauppauge, New York : Nova Science Publisher's, Inc., 2017 9781536125825 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Cohen, Yehuda 1931- The Poles myths and reality European Union Poland National characteristics, Polish Polish people Ethnic identity Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041282-9 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | The Poles myths and reality |
| title_auth | The Poles myths and reality |
| title_exact_search | The Poles myths and reality |
| title_full | The Poles myths and reality Yehuda Cohen |
| title_fullStr | The Poles myths and reality Yehuda Cohen |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Poles myths and reality Yehuda Cohen |
| title_short | The Poles |
| title_sort | the poles myths and reality |
| title_sub | myths and reality |
| topic | European Union Poland National characteristics, Polish Polish people Ethnic identity Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | European Union Poland National characteristics, Polish Polish people Ethnic identity Nationalbewusstsein Poland History Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030018365&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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