Beautiful Balts: from displaced persons to new Australians
170,000 Displaced Persons arrived in Australia between 1947 and 1952 - the first non-Anglo-Celtic mass migrants. Australia's first immigration minister, Arthur Calwell, scoured post-war Europe for refugees, Displaced Persons he characterised as 'Beautiful Balts'. Amid the hierarchies...
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Sydney, N.S.W.
NewSouth Publishing
2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Summary: | 170,000 Displaced Persons arrived in Australia between 1947 and 1952 - the first non-Anglo-Celtic mass migrants. Australia's first immigration minister, Arthur Calwell, scoured post-war Europe for refugees, Displaced Persons he characterised as 'Beautiful Balts'. Amid the hierarchies of the White Australia Policy, the tensions of the Cold War and the national need for labour, these people would transform not only Australia's immigration policy, but the country itself. Beautiful Balts tells the extraordinary story of these Displaced Persons. It traces their journey from the chaotic camps of Europe after World War II to a new life in a land of opportunity where prejudice, parochialism, and strident anti-communism were rife. Drawing from archives, oral history interviews and literature generated by the Displaced Persons themselves, Persian investigates who they really were, why Australia wanted them and what they experienced |
| Item Description: | Includes index |
| Physical Description: | 250 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln Illustrationen, Portraits 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781742234854 1742234852 |
Staff View
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| 520 | 3 | |a 170,000 Displaced Persons arrived in Australia between 1947 and 1952 - the first non-Anglo-Celtic mass migrants. Australia's first immigration minister, Arthur Calwell, scoured post-war Europe for refugees, Displaced Persons he characterised as 'Beautiful Balts'. Amid the hierarchies of the White Australia Policy, the tensions of the Cold War and the national need for labour, these people would transform not only Australia's immigration policy, but the country itself. Beautiful Balts tells the extraordinary story of these Displaced Persons. It traces their journey from the chaotic camps of Europe after World War II to a new life in a land of opportunity where prejudice, parochialism, and strident anti-communism were rife. Drawing from archives, oral history interviews and literature generated by the Displaced Persons themselves, Persian investigates who they really were, why Australia wanted them and what they experienced | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804177823608340480 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction 1
chapter i Deserving victims 13
chapter 2 ‘Chifley liked them blond’ 50
chapter 3 ‘A hot Siberia’ 76
chapter 4 ‘New Australians’ 112
chapter 5 Inside the Cold War 147
conclusion Memory and multiculturalism 182
Notes 203
Acknowledgments 239
Index 241
Index
A
ACTU (Australian Council of Trade Unions)
53, 78, 172
Adam (pseudonym) 10,86,135
Adamkus, Valdas 199
Adelaide 155
Adult Migrant Education Scheme 130
age criteria for selecting DPs 64, 70
Albania 161-162
Albury—Wodonga Region Parklands 196
alcoholism 134-137,144
Alexander, Field Marshal Harold 2
American Relief Administration 18
Ana Salen (ship) 7
Andriy (pseudonym) 10, 73,91,150
Anita (pseudonym) 199
Anna’s loom 199
Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations 32,66,162,
169
anti-communism 41,66-75,131,146,148,
157,159-167,168-169,170 see also Cold
War
anti-Semitism 156-157 see also Jewish DPs
Anug (pseudonym) 154
Argentina 6,43
Arndt, Ruth 125
Arved (pseudonym) 11,14
Asian refugees 53
ASIO 157,169,178
Assembly of Captive European Nations 162
assimilation 62-65,110-111,112,119-120,
121,122,126,138,142,144,145-146
Australia see also immigration policies
Australians, as British subjects 121
cost of resetding DPs 56,90
deportation of DPs 108-110
secrecy over DPs 54-55
selection rights over DPs 56—57
Australia Unlimited (slogan) 116
Australian Broadcasting Commission 123,
193,195
Australian Citizenship Act 1948 121
Australian Council of Trade Unions 53, 78,
172
Australian Heritage Database 195-196
Australian Labor Party 53,171-172
1950s split 169, 170-171
Australian League of Rights 148,178
Australian Medical Association 97
Australian Military Ministry in Germany 54,
60, 62,65,68
Australian National University 186
Australian Railways Union 139
Australian way of life (phrase) 113,122
Australian Womens Weekly The 118
Australijos Lietuvis 151-152
Austria 15-16,36,47, 65,183
B
Bakaitis, Eugenia 82
Balodis, Janis 189,191
Balt Cygnets 43
Baltic Council of Australia 161
Baltic DPs 45
Balts as derogatory term 119
as ‘Beautiful Balts’ 45-46
countries of origin 58 see also Estonian
DPs; Latvian DPs; Lithuanian DPs
disparagement of 11
as preferred migrants 61, 62—64, 74
B ana, Eric 189
Barsdell, Len 60
Bathurst (NSW) camp 78
Beazley, Kim 91
241
Beautiful Balts
Becsülettel 158
Belarusian DPs 27,39
Belgium 35, 43
Benalla (Vic) camp 89
Benes, Edvard 173-176
Berger, Moses 157
Berger, Sándor 141
BHP 85,93,94
Bialogusky, Michael 164
Bicentennial (1988) 194
Bielski, George 133
Bielski, Jerzy 165-166,171-172
Bildusas, Statys 135
Birman, J 94
Blagi,Jewsygnij 109
Blue Hills (radio program) 117
Bohdan (pseudonym) 10,48, 93,198
Bonegilla
DPs experiences of 77-82, 85-86,113,
156
national commemoration of 193-198
Bonegilla Immigration Museum Committee
194-195
border-hoppers 6,36,38
Borrie, WD 52,186
Boudreau, Frank 18-19
boy scouts 159
Britain
Allied occupation zones 17-18, 46
British fascists 175
British migrants 52-53,119
Cossacks and 2-4
DPs as labour in 43,45, 68-69
IRO 39
multicultural policy 187
Yalta Agreement 3, 5,22,25
British Medical Association 97
Bulgaria 31,161-162
Burlin, Lieutenant-General 8
business interests» ¿¿¿ private sector
Byelorussia 162
C
Calwell, Arthur 145,150,168,200
assimilation 112
deportation of DPs 108,109
indentured labour program 91,103,
104-105,127,129
IRO agreement 76-78
as Minister for Immigration 6
as Minister for Information 113
New Australians, coins term 50,118-119
populate or perish 51—58
professional lockout of DPs 99
Sapaiis 100
security checks 67-69
selection of DPs 61—64
warns about impersonation methods 72
camps in Australia 77-89
average length of stay 88—89
camp commanders 80-81
camp names, major and other 78-79
DP employees of camp system 82
family separation 83—87
labour contract see indentured labour
program
reception 81
unrest in 89
camps in Europe
Australia recruits migrants from 59,
63—65
as cauldrons 36—37
Cossack’s camp in Drau Valley 1—5,
13-14
DP elites in 33—34
DPs outside camp system 34
handicapped DPs 47
nationality-specific 31—32,148-149,151
organisation 30—31
UNRRA establishes 19
Canada
DPs as labour in 43,44
DPs resettle in 6,12,110-111
multicultural policy 187
Nazi collaborators 37-38
Canberra 124-125
Catholic Social Studies Movement (the
Movement) 170—171,177
Central and Eastern European DPs 5-6,12,
27-28, 61, 76
Central Intelligence Agency 161,176
CES see Commonwealth Employment
Service
Chifley, Ben 54,55-56,58,62, 69, 73,112
childbirth 85
children 73-74,85,87-88
Chile 183
China 18
Cigler, Michael 84
citizenship 121,126,139,178
Citizenship Conventions 119,123,125-126
Clune, Frank 50-51,61, 74-75
242
Index
Cold War 29, 37,38, 41-42,48 see also anti֊
communism
Commonwealth Employment Service 82—83,
92, 96, 109-110
Commonwealth Immigration Advisory
Council 53-55, 79-80,116,168
Commonwealth Jubilee Year 115
Communist Party of Australia 168
Community and Identity: Refugee Groups in
Adelaide (Martin) 155
Coober Pedy 136
Cooper, Kanty 44
Cossacks
anti-communism 27
camp in Drau Valley, Austria 1—5,13—14
Cossack Army 29, 69—70
Cossack associations in Australia 8,158
Ivan and Nastasias story see Ivan and
N astasia
as Karachi Stan 2
surrender to British 2-4
Country Womens Association 123—124
Cowra (NSW) camp 89
Croatia 66,158,163,199
Czechoslovakia 36,161-162,173-176,183
Czechoslovakian DPs 6, 35, 64, 74, 176
Czech Club (Melbourne) 153
Czech factions 157-158
D
Dapin, Mark 136
Darby, Douglas Evelyn 169
Demchenko, Lydia 128-129
Democratic Labor Party 148,169,170-171,
177
Denmark 35
Department of External Affairs 98
Department of Immigration 6, 9,117
establishment 52
family separation 87
interpreters to 67
language classes 130-131
multiculturalism 186
New Australians (term) 119
organises camps in Australia 78
promotes Australia to DPs 50-51,59, 60
recruits migrants from European camps
59,63-65
responsibility for work contracts 92,
96-97,108
selection variation 66
supervision of foreign language press
121-122
warned of impersonation methods 72—73
Department of Information 59,60,113,
115-116,117
Department of Labour and National Service
92,94, 96
Dezsery, Andras 93-94,188
diasporas see nationalist diasporas
dictation test 108
Diner, Dan 33
Displaced Persons Act (US, 1948) 43-44
District Employment Officers 103-104
DLP see Democratic Labor Party
Downer, Alexander 178-179
DPs (displaced persons)
as asylum seekers 42
in Australia see DPs (displaced persons) in
Australia
border-hoppers 6,36,38
category broadened 39
definition intra-war 15—16
difficulties of identification and
classification 23
employment by Allies 21
as European Voluntary Workers 43
as labour supply 42—49
national breakdown 15—16
national hierarchy 61
negativity towards 17
numbers 26,42
as people outside their national boundaries
15
reasons for displacement 5—6
reasons for inclusion as 15
refugees vs. 15
repatriation see repatriation of nationals
resettlement see resettlement of nationals
as ‘surrendered personnel’ 5
term 5,14,15
variation in experiences 16-17
DPs (displaced persons) in Australia
animosity between 155
becoming New Australians 112—127
camp life see camps in Australia
challenges and traumas 132-137
citizenship 119
complexity of stories 11—12,14,201
diasporas see nationalist diasporas
as labour supply see indentured labour
program
243
Beautiful Balts
medical examination 72-73
names for 119,139—140
national breakdown 10-11, 56-57,64-65,
74,149 see also Baltic DPs
numbers 49,59, 74, 76
post-contract life 127-132
processing 7—8, 74
psychological problems of 134-137,
142-146
reasons for settling 48
recruitment and selection 59-66
relationships with Australians 137-142
reports of Australia unfavourable 110-
111
term officialHy banned 119
Dubcek, Alexander 148,180
Dukas, Edward 90
E
Eastern European DPs 5-6,12,27-28,61,
76
economic migrants 6, 42,200
Edgar (pseudonym) 10,11
Eisenhower, Dwight D 15, 37-38
Ergas, Dr 64
Estonian DPs 22, 25,27,162,199 see also
Baltic DPs
Ethnic Communities’ Council of NSW 187
European Voluntary Workers 43
Evatt, Dr HV 54,170
Evian Conference on Jewish refugees (1938)
18,53
Executive Council of Australian Jewry 62, 69
F
false identity papers 6, 9,23-25,67
familygroups 73
family reunion 73
family separation 70, 83-87
family tracing 132-133
fascism 17, 66,156-157,162-163,167-168,
169,175
Federated Ironworkers’ Association of
Australia 167-168,172
films about DPs 115—116,189,195
Flanagan, Richard 190—191
foreign accents 122
foreign language press 121-122,151-152,
158
France 17-18,35,39,46
Franco 68
Frank (pseudonym) 10,14,106
Fridenbergs, Andrei 166
Full Employment in Australia (1945 White
Paper) 52
Futcher, Michael 191
G
Gaita, Raimond 189
Galleghan, Brigadier FG 65, 70
gender criteria for selecting DPs 70
General Black (ship) 64
General Heintzelman {ship) 67,72
German DPs 16,39
Australia selects 65
Nazis as see Nazi collaborators; war
criminals
German language as lingua franca 130
Germany
Allied occupation zone s 17-18
DPs in 15-16,17,47
invasion of Soviet Union 1—2
Gillard, Valentina 194
global exile groups 161
Good Neighbour Councils 124-126
Good Neighbour Movement 123-126,137
Good Neighbour (newsletter) 123
Gordeev, Anatoly 163
Gorton, John 169
Gotowicz, Stanislav 71
Goulburn 129,137
Grassby, A1 186-187
Great Depression (1930s) 76
Greece 10,35,183
Greta (NSW) camp 78
GrewJC 161-162
Grigory (pseudonym) 165
Guide International Service 114
Gustav Sc Adele (pseudonyms) 11
H
Halas, Martin 165
Halina (pseudonym) 150,155
handicapped DPs 47
Harkoff, Nikolai 166
Haylen, Les 53, 79-80
Heydon, Peter 186
Heyes, THE 65
Hitler, Adolf 65
Hodza, Milan 174
Holt, Harold 88,98-99,121,134,141-142,
168,178-179
244
Index
Horner, Joyce 21
How L o You Like Australia f (Saks 8e
Mirosznyk) 141
Howard, Helen 191
Hrelica, Rudolf 109-110
Hromadka, Dr Josef 177-178
Hungarian border-hoppers 36
Hungarian DPs 6,25,28,48,74,158
Hungarian Jews 36
Hungary 69,161-162,183
immigration policies see also White Australia
Policy
assimilation 62-65,110-111
asylum seekers and refugees 42, 53,
200-202
boat people (term) 200
migrant return 186,199
migration agreements 183
migration programs of 1950s and 1960s
183
non-British mass migration 9-10,51-58,
183
offshore detention 202
queue-jumpers (term) 200
reasons for resettling DPs 6, 51,52,57-58
Im m igration Restriction Act (1901) 108
indentured labour program 59
as donkey work 93-96
DP characterisation of 104
DPs defy contract 105-111
as dual labour market 129
early release 127
inflexibility of 103-105
models for 76—77
period 89-90
policing 107-110
professional lockout 96-105
public opinion in Australia 114-115
as punishment 105
types of labour 74—75
work camps 94-96
work contract 91-93
industrial accidents 94
industrialisation 52,116
industry sectors 92-93, 95
Institution of Engineers 98
integration 120,145,184-185
Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees
18, 42,54
International Refugee Organization
Australia as signatory 53, 54
Australian agreement on DPs with 56—
57,62,73,76-77,112
cost of resettling DPs 43,56,90
deportation of DPs 108,110
DPs and 5,9
DPs as asylum seekers 42
DPs as labour 46
draft constitution 40
establishment 54
false identity papers 24
formed to replace UNRRA 39
Medical Boards 97
process of emigration 47
Professional Medical Register 96
review of UNRRA cases 40
screening process 68
success of scheme 47—48
task of resettlement 42—43
UNRRA and 6
IRO see International Refugee Organization
Iron Curtain nations 161—162
Israel 33,43
Italy 10,18,77,183
Ivan and Nastasia (pseudonyms)
in Australia 7-8, 9-11,28,30
in Cossack camp in Drau Valley 4-5,
13-14
false identity papers 6
family in Soviet Union 28
family separation in Australia 83—84
Ivans alcoholism 135
screening process 69—70
Soviet repatriation attempts 30
Ivanov, Kuzma 110
j
Jakub (pseudonym) 10,36, 48
Jan (pseudonym) 10,14,28,160
Jewish DPs
anti-Semitism 156—157
Australia accepts 53
Australia rejects 61—62, 65—66, 68
camps in Europe 37, 47
classified as refugees 41
classified as stateless 22
from Eastern Europe 36
Israel and 33,43
names for 119
negativity towards 17
245
Beautiful Balts
rejected as labour 45
Joe (pseudonym) 158
Johnston, Julie 191
Jubilee Train 115
Julija (pseudonym) 10,20, 32,128
Jupp, James 186
K
Kalejs, Konrad 156
Kalnenas, Dr Kostas 98
Kalnins, Maria 113
Karl (pseudonym) 10, 94,132,135
Kasia (pseudonym) 10, 11,101
Katherina (pseudonym) 9,10,11,14,27,
86,132
Kohut, Zoia 132
Korean War 131
Kormos, V 171
Kozolowski, J 89
L
La Guardia, Fiorello 26
La Perouse 128—129
labour shortages 43, 97
labour supply, DPs as 42-49
labour supply, DPs in Australia see indentured
labour program
Lachowicz, Andrew 119
land profiteering 128
language, English 130—131,159
language, German as linguafranca 130
language preservation 159
Latvian DPs 162,199 see also Baltic DPs
Australia selects 62
experience in Europe 20, 22,25,27,
37-38
Melbourne community 166
race and class issues 45
resettlement 49
League of Nations 18—19,27
Learning to be Australians 119—120
Leo (pseudonym) 10,14, 66,128
Ležák Borin, Vladimir 147-148,173—180
Liberal Party 168—169,172
Libuinas, Ale 30,96
Lifanov, Nikolai 163
literature and the arts 141,152-153,188-
193,198-199
Lithuanian DPs 111, 162,199 see also Baltic
DPs
camps in Europe 32
experience in Europe 20,22,25,27
race and class issues 45-46
Locher, Dr Jan 176
Loescher, Gil 41
Lukas (pseudonym) 10,102,154
Lukic, Milorad 157,158
Luxembourg 35,45
M
McCollum, Robert S 38
Magyar Klet 158
Makay, Laszlo 82
Malta 183
Manus Island 202
Maroya, Louis 194-195
marriage 86,118,133—134
Marta (pseudonym) 10,140
Martin, Jean 150-151,186
Maslyn, Ron 59—60
Massey,JT 124, 126
medical doctors (DPs) 70-71,96,97-98,
100-101,111
Megay, Laszlo 162,169
mental hospital admissions 134—137
Menzies, Robert 116,123,168
Meredith, Gwen 117
MI5 174-175
Michael (pseudonym) 10,31,134,154
Middleton, Dr PC 135
Milanov, Kajica 120
Mirosznyk, Anatolij 30, 72,141
Monk, Albert 172
Morozow, Arkadi Alexandrovich 166-167
multiculturalism 10,181,184-187,196
Murphy, Hugh 117
Murray, Les A 190-191
Musicians Union 98-99
Muslim DPs 65
N
Nansen International Office 18,27
Nastasia see Ivan and Nastasia
National Committee for a Free Europe
161
National Cossack Association of Australia
8
National Heritage List 195-196
nationalist diasporas 148-158,198-199
national mission of exiles 159-167
national reconstruction 33-34
national self-determination 32
246
Index
naturalisation see citizenship
Nazi collaborators 25,28, 37-38, 66, 68—69,
156
Nazi memorabilia 156
The Netherlands 35, 43,183,187
Neumann, Klaus 200
New Australian Council 171,172
Ne*w Australian (newsletter) 122-123
New Australians (term) 11,50-51, 75,
118-119,138-139
New Citizens Council 171-172
New Guinea 91,97
New Settlers Association, Tasmania 178
New Settlers League, Goulburn 129,137
New Settlers League, Orange 123
Nina (pseudonym) 10, 73
Noiman, Olga 163
Northam (WA) camp 78
Norway 35, 47
O
Office of the High Commissioner for
Refugees Coming from Germany 18
Office of the League of Nations High
Commissioner 18
Oksana (pseudonym) 10, 94,101,149
Onufriienko, Vasyl 132
The Overlanders (film) 60
P
Pacific Islander refugees 53
Pacific war 51
Parkes (NSW) camp 89
Parups, Andra 159-160
Parups, Gunta 159-160,199
Patton Jr, General George S 17
Pawłowski, Stanisław 109
PCIRO (Preparatory Commission of the
International Refugee Organization) 56-58
peace movement 177-178
Petrov, Evdokia 166
Petrov, Vladimir 164
Petrov Affair 166
Pietroszys, Stefan and Genovefa 165
Pilecki, Bernard 140
pluralism see multiculturalism
Poland
Anders army 29
ceded (part) to Soviet Union 25
DPs return 199
Iron Curtain 161—162
Poles deported to gulag in Soviet
Union 27
Polish ex-servicemen 77
Poznan uprising 171
refugees from 183
Ukraine divided into 24
UNRRA 18
Polish DPs
Australia selects 62, 74
experience in Europe 6,22,24—25,28,
31,39
Newcastle community 164-165
Polish associations 160
race and class issues 45
resettlement 48, 49
Polish Jews 36
Polish-American Congress 38
political refugees 6, 37, 42, 66-75,113-114,
167-173
political voting patterns 172-173
populate or perish 52,113
population of Australia 10, 76
postwar housing crisis 76-77, 78, 88
postwar reconstruction 51—52,92
Prague Spring 148,180
pregnancy 96
Preparatory Commission of the International
Refugee Organization 56—58
press 56, 64,103,106, 117,125,136,138
press, foreign language 121—122,151—152,
158
Price, Charles 186
private sector 91-93, 95, 97
private sponsorship of DPs 102
professional associations 97, 98—99
professions and DPs
education levels 71
labour shortages 97
lockout 96-105,129-130
loss of status 101
medical doctors see medical doctors (DPs)
as professional assistants 99
qualifications 70-71, 74—75
propaganda materials 113,115—118,
122-123
prostitution 86
pseudonyms 11
psychiatry 143
public opinion in Australia 61, 113—115,
122-123
engagement with DPs 117—118,137-142
247
Beautiful Balts
prejudice against DPs 119,137-138,
139-140
public service 97
R
race and class 10,45—46, 62-65 see also
White Australia Policy
Rafferty, Chips 60
Rajkovič, Mihailo 157,158
Ralf (pseudonym) 10,27
Rankin Affair 167-168
Red Cross 114
Red Cross Tracing Service 132-133
referendum (1951, on banning CPA) 168
refugees 15, 39—41,200
refugee crisis 201-202
Register of the National Estate 195
repatriation of nationals
from Dachau 22-23
DP refusal to repatriate 21-22, 35-36
forced 21-25, 30
Soviet DP resistance 30
UNRRA and 19,31-32,37
voluntary 25
resettlement of nationals
IRO task 42-43
reclassification of DPs 39
UN responsibility for 39, 40
Robert (pseudonym) 10
Romania 6, 36,162-163
RSL (Returned and Services League) 56,
123-124
rural employment 94,127-128
Russian DPs 24—25, 39, 74,164 see also
Soviet DPs
Russian organisations 8,158,164
Russian Liberation (Vlasov) army 29
S
Saks, Jimmy 141
Sakurovs, Janis 141
Santamaria, BA 170-171,177
Sapalis, Apalonia 99—100
Saxon, Sue 192
Scandinavian migrants 53
schizophrenia 143—144
security 67-68,69
Serbia, Nazi puppet government of 156
Serbian Chetniks 66
sex 83
SHAEF see Supreme Headquarters, Allied
Expeditionary Force
Skrzynecki, Peter 140
slave market 46
Smythe, Dr JS 71
Snowy (pseudonym) 151
Snowy Mountains Scheme 9, 86—87, 94-95,
133
social and political groups 149—150
social class and status 139,154 see also race
and class
social clubs 151
social workers 130
Southeast Asia 179
Soviet DPs 22-33 see also anti-communism;
Russian DPs
citizens at 1 September 1939 22
Cossacks see Cossacks
false identity papers 23-25
reasons against returning 26—28
reclassified 39
resistance to repatriation 30
UNRRA 38
Soviet Union see also anti-communism; Cold
War
Allied occupation zones 17-18
anti-communism 36
attempts to repatriate DPs 26,29—30,
163-164
Clune and 61
DPs from see Soviet DPs
DPs return after disbandment 199
German invasion of 1-2
IRO 39
mass deportations 27
military conflict between West and 48
military opposition to 29
occupation of Central and Eastern
Europe 6
peace movement and 177—178
persecution of DPs 28—29
Poland (part) ceded to 25
Red Army in Eastern Europe 27-28
Soviet agents as DPs 66,163-164, 165
Soviet Embassy in Canberra 163—167
Ukraine divided into 24
views of DPs as labour 46
views of DPs in Australia 102-103
Yalta Agreement 3, 5,22
Spain 68,183
Spry, Charles 157
Stalin, Josef 28,132
248
Index
State Department (US) 161
State Rivers, Springvale, Victoria 86
stateless DPs 22
Stetsko, Jaroslav 169
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary
Force 15,17,21
Suschinsky, Eugene 108-109
Swan Boys Home, Perth 87
T
Tanya (pseudonym) 10,11, 85
Taylor, Ralph 123
Theodore (pseudonym) 9,11
Todt Organisations 16
Tolstaya, Alexandra 24
Tolstoy, Leo 24
Tolstoy, Nikolai 2
Tolstoy Foundation 24
Torok, Laszlo 142
trade unions 53,56, 91, 93, 96-97,113-114,
167,170-172
Trieste 183
Turkey 43,183
Turkiewicz, Sophia 189
Turnbull, Malcolm 200
U
Ukraine 24,271162
Ukrainian DPs
Australia selects 63,64, 74
camps in Europe 31—32
from Eastern and Western Ukraine 24,25
experience in Europe 9,22,26—27,30,39
national mission of exiles 160
resettlement 48-49
as stateless 36
unemployment 76-77
United Kingdom see Britain
United Nations 54, 60-61
United Nations Convention Relating to the
Status of Refugees (1951) 41
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration 6,18-21, 62
attitudes to DPs 34
Australia as signatory 53
discontinues assistance 35
IRO formed to replace 39
IRO review of cases 40
psychology of DPs 34—35
Soviet DPs 38
United States see also Cold War
Allied occupation zones 17—18, 21
American migrants 53
anti-communism 157
DPs as labour 43-44,45
DPs resettle in 6,12,43,68,110—111
IRO 39
Ležák-Borin 179
Nazi collaborators 3 7-38
Yalta Agreement 3,22,25,38
UNRRA see United Nations Relief and
Rehabilitation Administration
Untaru, Constantin 162-163,169
Uranquinty riot 89
V
Venezuela 7
Vera (Borin’s daughter) 174,176
Vera (pseudonym) 10,11
Vietnam 183
Visvaldis 136-137
Vyshinskii, Andrei 29
W
war criminals 39,68-69,157,158,162,167,
169,200
War Workers Housing Trust 77
wartime manpower scheme 77
Wentworth, William Charles 169
West Germany 183
White, Thomas 91
White Australia Policy
culture and 113
deportation of Asians and Pacific Islanders
53
government propaganda 116-117
nation building and cultural diversity 187
race and 10, 45-46, 52,60-61
White Russians 164
Whitlam Labor Government 183,186-187
Williams, Katarzyna Kwapisz 152
Wills, Sara 196
Witting, Amy 191
Wladimir (pseudonym) 10,27,101
women DPs
camps in Australia 84-85
shortage for single men 133-134
widows, deserted wives and unmarried
mothers 73, 87-88
in work camps 96
Woodside (SA) camp 78
World Refugee Year (1959-60) 47
249
Beautiful Balts
Y
Yallourn North
as ‘hot Siberia* 105
Rankin Affair 167—168
Yalta Agreement 3,5,22,25,38
YMCASeYWCA 123-124
Yugoslavia 157,183
Yugoslavian DPs 39,44, 62,64, 74,158
Z
Zabukovec, Victoria 90,100-101,190
Zahalka, Anne 192
Zofia (pseudonym)
r Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
k
250
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Persian, Jayne |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1140501895 |
| author_facet | Persian, Jayne |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Persian, Jayne |
| author_variant | j p jp |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044483786 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1005930557 (DE-599)BVBBV044483786 |
| era | Geschichte 1947-1952 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1947-1952 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Australien |
| id | DE-604.BV044483786 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:54:12Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781742234854 1742234852 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029883919 |
| oclc_num | 1005930557 |
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| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 250 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln Illustrationen, Portraits 21 cm |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | NewSouth Publishing |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Persian, Jayne Verfasser (DE-588)1140501895 aut Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians Jayne Persian Sydney, N.S.W. NewSouth Publishing 2017 250 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Bildtafeln Illustrationen, Portraits 21 cm txt rdacontent sti rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index 170,000 Displaced Persons arrived in Australia between 1947 and 1952 - the first non-Anglo-Celtic mass migrants. Australia's first immigration minister, Arthur Calwell, scoured post-war Europe for refugees, Displaced Persons he characterised as 'Beautiful Balts'. Amid the hierarchies of the White Australia Policy, the tensions of the Cold War and the national need for labour, these people would transform not only Australia's immigration policy, but the country itself. Beautiful Balts tells the extraordinary story of these Displaced Persons. It traces their journey from the chaotic camps of Europe after World War II to a new life in a land of opportunity where prejudice, parochialism, and strident anti-communism were rife. Drawing from archives, oral history interviews and literature generated by the Displaced Persons themselves, Persian investigates who they really were, why Australia wanted them and what they experienced Geschichte 1947-1952 gnd rswk-swf Einwanderer Geschichte Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd rswk-swf Australien Australien (DE-588)4003900-6 gnd rswk-swf Australian Immigrants / Australia / History Refugees / Australia / History Reconstruction (1939-1951) / Australia Europeans / Australia / History Reconstruction (1939-1951) Europeans Immigrants Refugees Australia 1939-1951 History Australien (DE-588)4003900-6 g Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 s Geschichte 1947-1952 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029883919&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029883919&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Persian, Jayne Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians Einwanderer Geschichte Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4013960-8 (DE-588)4003900-6 |
| title | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians |
| title_auth | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians |
| title_exact_search | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians |
| title_full | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians Jayne Persian |
| title_fullStr | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians Jayne Persian |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beautiful Balts from displaced persons to new Australians Jayne Persian |
| title_short | Beautiful Balts |
| title_sort | beautiful balts from displaced persons to new australians |
| title_sub | from displaced persons to new Australians |
| topic | Einwanderer Geschichte Einwanderung (DE-588)4013960-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Einwanderer Geschichte Einwanderung Australien |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029883919&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029883919&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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