Classical theory of crystal dislocations: from iron to gallium nitride
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New Jersey ; London ; Singapore ; Beijing ; Shanghai ; Hong Kong ; Taipei ; Chennai ; Tokyo
World Scientific
[2017]
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | xv, 362 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9789814749169 |
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MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Saka, Hiroyasu |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a Kesshou ten-i ron |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Classical theory of crystal dislocations |b from iron to gallium nitride |c Hiroyasu Saka (Nagoya University, Japan) |
| 264 | 1 | |a New Jersey ; London ; Singapore ; Beijing ; Shanghai ; Hong Kong ; Taipei ; Chennai ; Tokyo |b World Scientific |c [2017] | |
| 300 | |a xv, 362 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 546 | |a Aus dem Japanischen übersetzt | ||
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804177764170858496 |
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| adam_text | The book consists of two parts: Part 1 is a standard text of dislocation theory.
Mathematics is avoided as much as possible. Part 2 describes application of
dislocation theory, which includes mechanical properties (including the inverse
temperature dependence of strength) and dislocations in functional materials such
as Si, GaN and SiC and dislocations in a thin crystal such as an epitaxial layer. This
is what has been long anticipated among researchers in industry.
The book contains about 330 illustrations (mostly originals by the author) and the
pictures obtained by the author by means of in-situ experiment in a transmission
electron microscope over the past 50 years.
This book includes many exercises, which the author found useful when he was
teaching in Department of Materials Science and Engineering of Nagoya University
to stimulate their interests in dislocation theory.
Contents
/I
Foreword v
Preface vii
1. Elements of Crystallography 1
1.1 Unit Cell................................................. 1
1.2 Crystallographic Directions and Planes.................... 1
1.3 Hexagonal Indices ........................................ 3
1.4 The Stereographic Projection and the Standard
Projection................................................ 6
2. Geometry of Dislocations 9
2.1 Mechanical Properties of Crystals
(Stress-Strain Curve)..................................... 9
2.2 Ideal Strength of Crystals (Frenkel’s Model)............. 12
2.3 Definition of Dislocations .............................. 15
2.4 Burgers Circuit (FS/RH(Perfect)) ........................ 16
2.5 Edge Dislocation, Screw Dislocation and Mixed
Dislocation ............................................. 20
2.5.1 Definition....................................... 20
2.5.2 Slip plane ...................................... 23
2.6 Kirchhoff’s Law.......................................... 24
2.7 Reaction Between Two Dislocations ....................... 25
IX
X
Classical Theory of Crystal Dislocations
2.7.1 Reaction between two edge dislocations with
Burgers vectors of + and —b ................. 25
2.7.2 Screw dislocations of +6 and —6............... 27
2.7.3 Dislocation reaction with different Burgers
vectors (1)........................................ 28
2.7.4 Dislocation reaction with different Burgers
vectors (2) Crossing of dislocations............... 28
2.8 Prismatic Dislocation...................................... 32
2.8.1 Formation of prismatic dislocations by
precipitation of point defects..................... 32
2.8.2 Formation of a prismatic loop by pencil
glide ............................................. 35
2.9 Climb Motion of Dislocations............................. 35
2.9.1 Climb of edge dislocations......................... 35
2.9.2 Climb of screw dislocations........................ 37
3. Fundamentals of Elasticity Theory 41
3.1 Displacement, Strain and Stress....................... 41
3.2 Matrix Notation of Hooke’s Law ............................ 44
3.3 Transformation of Stress and Strain ....................... 46
3.4 Hooke’s Law in Isotropic Solids....................... 51
3.4.1 Elastic constants.................................. 51
3.4.2 Plane stress....................................... 57
3.4.3 Plane strain....................................... 57
3.5 Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinates...................... 58
3.5.1 Cylindrical coordinate............................. 58
3.5.2 Spherical coordinate............................... 60
4. Elasticity Theory of Dislocations 63
4.1 Screw Dislocation.......................................... 63
4.1.1 Displacement, strain and stress ................... 63
4.1.2 Strain energy...................................... 64
4.1.3 Force on the screw dislocation..................... 66
4.1.4 Image force and Eshelby twist...................... 67
4.2 Edge Dislocation........................................... 69
4.2.1 Displacement and stress............................ 69
4.2.2 Strain energy...................................... 71
4.2.3 Force on an edge dislocation....................... 73
xi
75
75
78
78
80
83
85
88
91
91
91
93
95
95
103
103
103
105
105
105
106
106
111
111
115
115
117
120
123
123
123
Contents
4.2.4 Image force..................................
4.3 Mixed Dislocation ...................................
4.4 Application of Peach—Koehler Formula.................
4.4.1 Parallel screw dislocations..................
4.4.2 Parallel edge dislocations...................
4.4.3 Perpendicular screw dislocations.............
4.4.4 Edge and screw perpendicular with each
other (Fig. 4.21)............................
4.5 Dislocations in Anisotropic Crystals ................
Elastic Interaction between Dislocations and Solute Atoms
5.1 Isotropic strain (Cottrell effect)...................
5.1.1 General theory...............................
5.1.2 Edge dislocation.............................
5.1.3 Screw dislocation............................
5.2 Anisotropic Strain...................................
Motion (Peierls Force) and Multiplication
(Frank-Read Source, Bardeen-Herring Source)
of Dislocations
6.1 Peierls Force........................................
6.1.1 General theory...............................
6.1.2 The Peierls force in BCC metals..............
6.1.3 The Peierls force in Si, Ge, GaAs............
6.1.4 Overcoming of P—N potential..................
6.2 Dislocation Sources..................................
6.2.1 Frank-Read source............................
6.2.2 Modifications of Frank-Read source...........
6.2.3 Bardeen-Herring source.......................
Dislocation Groups
7.1 Pileup of Dislocations ..............................
7.2 Polygonization and Small Angle Tilt Boundary . . . .
7.3 Twist Boundary.......................................
Dissociated Dislocations in FCC Structure
8.1 Dissociated Dislocations.............................
8.1.1 Thompson tetrahedron.........................
Xll
Classical Theory of Crystal Dislocations
8.1.2 Dissociated dislocations and partial
dislocations..................................... 126
8.1.3 Stacking fault.................................. 127
8.1.4 Burgers vectors of dissociated dislocations:
Thompson vectors................................. 132
8.2 Dissociation Distance................................ 136
8.3 Jogs on Dissociated Dislocations and Stair-rod
Dislocations............................................ 138
8.3.1 Stair-rod dislocations.......................... 138
8.3.2 Jogs on a screw dislocation..................... 141
8.3.3 Stacking fault tetrahedron...................... 146
8.4 Reactions between Dissociated Dislocations........... 148
8.4.1 Dislocation dissociated on the same slip
plane............................................ 148
8.4.2 Reactions between dissociated dislocations
on different slip planes: Stair-rod
dislocations..................................... 150
8.5 Climb Motion of Dissociated Dislocations................ 154
8.6 Composition and Temperature Dependence of the
Dissociation Distance................................... 160
8.6.1 Composition dependence of SFE................... 161
8.6.2 Temperature dependence of SFE................... 165
8.7 Interaction between the Stacking Fault and Solute
Atoms................................................... 170
8.7.1 Suzuki effect................................... 170
8.7.2 Radiation Induced Segregation................... 174
9. Dissociated Dislocations in HCP 177
9.1 Stacking Faults in Hexagonal Close Packed
Structure .............................................. 177
9.1.1 Frank type stacking fault in HCP................ 179
9.1.2 Burgers vectors of Shockley partials............ 181
9.2 Composition Dependence of SFE in HCP Alloys . . . 185
10. Dislocations in Ordered Alloys and Intermetallic
Compounds and the Inverse Temperature Dependence
of Strength 189
10.1 General Theory.......................................... 189
Contents xiii
10.1.1 Superdislocations and superpartial
dislocations..................................... 189
10.1.2 Reaction of superdislocations with APB .... 193
10.2 Dislocations in Ordered Alloys .......................... 194
10.2.1 B2 structure..................................... 194
10.2.2 DO3 structure.................................... 195
10.2.3 Ll2 structure.................................... 195
10.3 Strengthening by Ordering................................ 197
10.3.1 Reactions with grown-in APB...................... 197
10.3.2 Strengthening by APB tube formed as a result
of cutting superdislocations..................... 199
10.4 Inverse Temperature Dependence of the Strength . . . 200
10.4.1 Ll2 structure.................................... 200
10.4.2 Inverse temperature dependence of strength
in /3 -brass..................................... 205
10.4.3 Summary.......................................... 211
11. Dislocations in Diamond, Zincblende, Wurtzite
Structures and SiC 215
11.1 Dislocations in Diamond Structure
(Shuffle-Set and Glide-Set Dislocations)................. 215
11.1.1 Theoretical consideration........................ 215
11.1.2 Experimental results ............................ 220
11.2 Dislocations in the Zincblende Structure ................ 228
11.2.1 Polarity......................................... 228
11.2.2 Shockley partial dislocations.................... 238
11.3 Shockley Partial Dislocations in the Wurtzite
Structure ............................................... 239
11.4 Dislocations in SiC...................................... 241
11.4.1 Poly types in SiC................................ 241
11.4.2 Dislocations in 4H—SiC........................... 243
12. Dislocations and Macroscopic Strength 253
12.1 Geometry of Yielding of a Single Crystal.............. 253
12.1.1 Critical resolved shear stress — Schmid
law.............................................. 253
12.1.2 Derivation of shear stress and shear strain in
the uniaxial deformation......................... 255
XIV
Classical Theory of Crystal Dislocations
12.2 Phenomenology of Yielding of a Single Crystal .... 260
12.2.1 Mobile dislocation density is constant
(Johnston-Gilman theory) ................... 264
12.2.2 Modification to Johnston-Gilman theory . . . 267
12.3 Thermally Activated Process of Dislocation Motion —
Internal Stress and Effective Stress.................... 270
12.3.1 General theory.................................. 270
12.3.2 Peierls-Nabarro force............................ 282
12.4 Yielding of BCC Metals............................... 282
12.4.1 Peierls force in BCC metals ..................... 282
12.4.2 ^ — X curve...................................... 287
12.4.3 Failure of Schmid law............................ 291
12.4.4 (Oil) anomalous slip ............................ 296
12.5 Initial Mobile Dislocation Density is Zero........... 299
12.5.1 Whisker ......................................... 299
12.5.2 Yielding of a mild steel......................... 300
12.6 Work Hardening of a Single Crystal................... 301
12.6.1 General description of work hardening
of a single crystal......................... 301
12.6.2 Mechanism of work hardening.................. 303
12.7 Solid-solution Hardening, Precipitation Hardening
and Dispersion Hardening............................ 306
12.7.1 Solid-solution hardening ........................ 306
12.7.2 Precipitation hardening.......................... 309
12.7.3 Radiation hardening.............................. 313
13. Dislocations in Thin Foils 317
13.1 Misfit Dislocations in Epitaxial Layers.............. 317
13.1.1 Critical thickness............................... 317
13.1.2 Estimate of the critical thickness............... 318
13.1.3 Energy consideration............................. 322
13.1.4 Onset of slip.................................... 324
13.1.5 Summary.......................................... 327
13.2 Threading Dislocations in Epilayers.................. 328
13.3 Dissociated Dislocations in Thin Crystals............ 331
13.3.1 Bending of dislocations in the vicinity of crystal
surface......................................... 331
13.3.2 Effect of surface on the dissociation distance
of a dissociated dislocation.................... 334
Contents
xv
A. Appendices 341
A.l Reducing Dislocation Density............................ 341
A.2 Crystal Model of HCP.................................... 343
A.3 Model of a Screw Dislocation............................ 343
A.4 Stereoprojection ....................................... 344
A.5 Determining the Slip System ............................ 350
A.5.1 Slip direction................................... 350
A.5.2 Slip plane ...................................... 350
A.6 Thompson Tetrahedra..................................... 353
A.7 Transformation of Stress (Eq. 3.18)..................... 354
A.8 Inverse Transformation of Stress (Eq. 3.21) 354
Index
355
|
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| id | DE-604.BV044449197 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:53:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789814749169 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029850163 |
| oclc_num | 1012428431 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-29T |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-29T |
| physical | xv, 362 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | World Scientific |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Saka, Hiroyasu Verfasser aut Kesshou ten-i ron Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride Hiroyasu Saka (Nagoya University, Japan) New Jersey ; London ; Singapore ; Beijing ; Shanghai ; Hong Kong ; Taipei ; Chennai ; Tokyo World Scientific [2017] xv, 362 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Aus dem Japanischen übersetzt Kristallgitter (DE-588)4139853-1 gnd rswk-swf Gitterbaufehler (DE-588)4125030-8 gnd rswk-swf Kristallgitter (DE-588)4139853-1 s Gitterbaufehler (DE-588)4125030-8 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029850163&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029850163&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Saka, Hiroyasu Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride Kristallgitter (DE-588)4139853-1 gnd Gitterbaufehler (DE-588)4125030-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4139853-1 (DE-588)4125030-8 |
| title | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride |
| title_alt | Kesshou ten-i ron |
| title_auth | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride |
| title_exact_search | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride |
| title_full | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride Hiroyasu Saka (Nagoya University, Japan) |
| title_fullStr | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride Hiroyasu Saka (Nagoya University, Japan) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride Hiroyasu Saka (Nagoya University, Japan) |
| title_short | Classical theory of crystal dislocations |
| title_sort | classical theory of crystal dislocations from iron to gallium nitride |
| title_sub | from iron to gallium nitride |
| topic | Kristallgitter (DE-588)4139853-1 gnd Gitterbaufehler (DE-588)4125030-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kristallgitter Gitterbaufehler |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029850163&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029850163&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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