Manon Lescaut - Fisher, Burton D. (Opera Journeys, 2003)
"Italian opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini ; libretto by Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Domenico Oliva, Marco Praga, Giuseppe Giacosa, Luigi Illica and Giulio Ricordi, after the novel by the Abbbe Prbevost, L'Histoire du Chevalier des Grieux et de Manon Lescaut (1731)."