Statistics for business:
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
London
Routledge
2017
|
| Edition: | Second edition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Physical Description: | XXVI, 646 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780415703710 9780415703758 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Waller, Derek L. |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Statistics for business |c Derek L. Waller |
| 250 | |a Second edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London |b Routledge |c 2017 | |
| 300 | |a XXVI, 646 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Commercial statistics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Management |x Statistical methods | |
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| adam_text | STATISTICS FOR BUSINESS
/ WALLER, DEREK L.YYEAUTHOR
: 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
CHARACTERIZING AND DEFINING DATA
PRESENTING AND ORGANIZING DATA
ESSENTIALS OF PROBABILITY AND COUNTING RULES
DISCRETE DATA AND PROBABILITY
CONTINUOUS DISTRIBUTIONS AND PROBABILITY
METHODS AND THEORY OF STATISTICAL SAMPLING
ESTIMATING POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS
HYPOTHESIS TESTING FROM A SINGLE POPULATION
HYPOTHESIS TESTING FROM DIFFERENT POPULATIONS
FORECASTING FROM CORRELATED DATA
BUSINESS DECISIONS AND RISK
STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL, SPC
SIX-SIGMA MANAGEMENT
DIESES SCHRIFTSTCK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
Titel: Statistics for business
Autor: Waller, Derek L
Jahr: 2017
Case-exercises
List of figures
About this book
xxiv
XVll
xrn
1 Characterizing and defining statistical data
(significance and essentials of numbers)
1
ICEBREAKER: International cost of living
Types of data * Quantitative data • Qualitative data • Mix qualitative/quantitative data
Central tendency • Arithmetic mean • Median • Mode • Midrange • Weighted
averages • Questionnaires and weighted averages • Geometric mean • Politics and
central tendency
Dispersion • Data spread • Range • Variance • Standard deviation • Calculation of
variance and standard deviation • Deviation about the mean • Coefficient of variation
• Quartiles • Percentiles
2 Presenting and organizing data (ways to illustrate and convince) 18
ICEBREAKER: How good is your performance?
Frequency distributions • Frequency distribution table • Absolute frequency
histogram # Relative frequency histogram • Frequency polygons • Ogives
• Stem-and-leaf display
Visuals of quartiles and percentiles • Box and whisker plot • The percentile
histogram
Line graphs • Candid presentations • Geometric mean as a line graph
Visuals of categorical data • Pie chart • Categorical histogram • Bar chart
• Contingency tables • Stacked histograms • Pareto diagram • Spider web diagram
• Gap analysis • Pictograms
3 Essentials of probability and counting rules
(foundation of uncertainty and odds) 39
ICEBREAKER: The haven to perhaps make a fortune
Probability Basics . Technology, probability, and risk . Subjective probabibty
. Relative frequency probability . Classical probabibty . Addition rules in classical
probability * Venn diagram • Application case-exercise: Sourcing agents • Joint
probability • Gambling, odds, and probability
Conditional probabilities under statistical dependence • Dependency
relationship • Bayes theorem • Application case-exercise: Arriving to
work • Probability using contingency tables • Application case-exercise:
Market survey
System reliability and probability • Series arrangement • Parallel arrangement
Counting rules • Single type of event • Different types of events • Arrangement of
different objects • Permutation rule • Combination rule • Probability and odds with
permutations and combinations
4 Discrete data and probability (chance and risk applied to integer values) 68
ICEBREAKER: The shopping mall
Discrete data • Random variables • Tossing of two dice • Application case-exercise:
Selling of wine • Expected values and the law of averages
Bernoulli process • Binomial distribution • Mathematical relationships of the
binomial function • Apphcation case-exercise: Having children • Deviations from
binomial validity
Poisson distribution • Mathematical relationships for the Poisson distribution
• Apphcation case-exercise: Bar-cafe
5 Continuous distributions and probability
(chance and risk in uninterrupted information) 85
ICEBREAKER: Your can of beer, bar of chocolate, or length of fabric
The normal distribution • Description • Number of standard deviations, z
• Boundary limits • Configurations of the normal distribution • Activities that follow
a normal distribution • Excel and the normal distribution • Apphcation case-exercise-
Lightbulbs
Asymmetrical or non-normal distributions * Skewed data • Frequency
distributions • Box and whisker plots
Verifying that a dataset approximates a normal distribution • Visual displays
. Characteristics of the dataset . Ogive comparisons . Constructing a normal
probability plot
Approximation for the binomial distribution • Conditions for a
normal-binomial approximation « Apphcation case-exercise: Ceramic plates
. Sample size needed to use normal-binomial approximation
Exponential distributions . Exponential progression . Bacteria growth
Financial investment and exponential growth
Magazine circulation and exponential decline
• Learning curve • Natural logarithm • Waiting lines
Beta distribution • Activity time • Project management
6 Methods and theory of statistical sampling (appropriate testing can
improve reliability) 127
ICEBREAKER: The sampling experiment was badly designed!
The sampling process • Bias in sampling • Randomness • Excel and random
numbers • Systematic sampling # Stratified sampling * Several stratas of interest
• Cluster sampling • Quota sampling • Consumer surveys • Primary and
secondary data
Sampling for the mean • Sample size • Central limit theorem • Variability and
sample size • Sample standard error • Sampling size and population characteristics
• Infinite population • Application case-exercise: Safety valves • Finite population
• Application case-exercise: Work week
Sampling for the proportion • Measuring the sample proportion • Sampling
distribution of the proportion • Application case-exercise: Part-time workers
7 Estimating population characteristics (giving confidence to your evaluations) 158
ICEBREAKER: Turkey and the margin of error
Estimating the mean value • Point estimates • Interval estimates • Confidence
level and reliability • Confidence interval for an infinite population • Application
case-exercise: Paper * Magnitude of sample size • Application case-exercise: Jars of
coffee * Confidence interval for a finite population • Application case-exercise: Printing
Student s t distribution • Concept • Degrees offreedom • Profile • Confidence intervals
• Excel and the Student s t distribution • Application case-exercise: Kiwi fruit • Sample size
• Re-look at the application case-exercise Kiwi fruit using the normal distribution
Estimating and auditing • Estimating the population amount • Application
case-exercise for large populations: Tee-shirts • Application case-exercise for a finite
population: Paperback books
Estimating the proportion • Large samples • Sample size for large samples
• Application case-exercise: Circuit boards
Margin of error and confidence levels* Margin of error • Confidence levels
8 Hypothesis testing from a single population (giving assurance to assumptions
that are made) 185
ICEBREAKER: Radiation and exposure: you need to be objective
Concept of hypothesis testing * Significance level • Null and alternative
hypotheses
Presenting hypothesis testing for the mean • Two-tailed test • One-tailed,
right-hand test * One-tailed, left-hand test
Testing hypothesis for the mean • Acceptance or rejection • Test statistics
normal z, and Student s t • Probability value (p-value) • Confidence intervals
• Application case-exercise for large samples: Beer filling machine • Application
case-exercise for small samples: Taxes
Hypothesis testing for proportions • Large samples • Application case-exercise:
Seaworthiness of ships
Considerations in hypothesis testing • Interpretation of the probability value
(p-value) • Errors in hypothesis testing • Type I and Type II errors • Cost of making
an error • Power of the test
9 Hypothesis testing for different populations
(validating further your assumptions) 208
ICEBREAKER: Overweight, obesity, and weight loss programs
Difference between the mean of two independent populations • Large samples
• Test statistic for large samples • Application case-exercise: Salaries of men and women
• Small samples » Application case-exercise: Production output
Differences of the means between dependent or paired populations
• Application exercise: Health spa and weight loss
Difference between the proportions of two populations with large samples
• Standard error of the difference between two proportions • Application
case-exercise: Commuting time
Chi-squared test for dependency • Chi-squared distribution • Contingency table
and observed frequency,^ * Hypothesis test and expected frequency,^ • Degrees of
freedom • Application case-exercise: Work schedule preference • Excel and chi-squared
functions
10 Forecasting from correlated data
(making objective predictions to plan operations) 234
ICEBREAKER: The Euro
Time series and correlation • Scatter diagram • Application case-exercise:
Snowboard sales, Parti• Coding time-series data * Application case-exercise: Snowboard
sales, Part II • Correlation coefficients • Application case-exercise: Snowboard sales
Part III . Linear regression line . Application case-exercise: SMtwboWWes, Part IV
• Variability of the estimate • Application case-exercise: Snowboard sales Part V
. Forecasting and confidence limits . Application case-exercise: Part VI
Linear regression and causal forecasting . Application case-exercise: Surface area
and home prices, Part I
Forecasting using multiple regression . Multiple independent variables
• Standard error of the estimate • Application case-exercise: Supermarket
and coffee sales
Forecasting using non-linear regression • Polynomial function • Exponential
function • Application case-exercise: Surface area and home prices, Part II
Seasonal patterns in forecasting • Application case-exercise: Spanish soft drinks sales
Considerations in statistical forecasting • Time horizons • Product life cycle
• Collected data • Coefficient of variation • Market changes • Models are dynamic
• Model accuracy • Selecting the best model
11 Business decisions and risk (trying to avoid a disaster) 267
ICEBREAKER: Everest, decisions, risk ... and death
Decision environment • Risk # Businesses are systems • Industry insight: Burger
King s wrong decision • Magnitude of the business decision • Steps in the
decision-making process • Segmenting the decision environment
Decision making under certainty • Time horizons • Production and sales
Decision making under uncertainty • You have not been there before
• Optimistic, pessimistic, middle of the road, and regret analysis • Application
case-exercise: Chemical plant, Rangoon
Decision making under risk with assigned probabilities • Expected values (EV)
• Application case-exercise: Boutique hotels Africa, Part I • Decision trees • Application
case-exercise: Boutique hotels Africa, Part II • Expected value of perfect information
• Application case-exercise: Boutique hotels Africa, Part III • Sensitivity • Application
case-exercise: Boutique hotels Africa, Part IV
Marginal analysis • Marginal profit and marginal loss • Application case-exercise:
Black Forest cake, Part I • Marginal analysis and the normal distribution • Payoff tables
• Application case-exercise: Black Forest cake, Part II
Utility • Different personalities • Gambling • Insurance industry
12 Statistical process control (SPC)
(ensuring operations are according to specifications) 294
ICEBREAKER: Using SPC perhaps the Titanic would not have sunk!
Sampling in statistical process control • Binomial characteristics • Acceptance
range • Target values and process variation
Control charts • Parameters of control charts • Analytical procedures • Percentage
or p-chart • Application case-exercise: Record keeping • Count or c-chart • Application
case-exercise: Curtain fabric • x-bar and range chart for variables • Application
case-exercise: Candy Company
Sigma limits of control charts • Normal distribution • Type I error • Type II error
Statistical process control in the medical field • Body mass index • Blood
pressure and heart rate • Blood fluidity levels and the International Normalized Ratio
Sample control charts • Data hugs the center line • Wide variations • Trend in the
data • Abrupt changes • Out of control
Online statistical process control
13 Six-sigma management (closing the loop to be world class) 325
ICEBREAKER: NASA, where was six-sigma?
Elements of six-sigma • History • Statistical roots • Product and process
specifications
Process capability • Voice of process and voice of customer • Process capability
index • Standard deviations and the z value • Six-sigma performance
Short- and long-term variation • Variation • Process shift • Short-term sigma
limits and long-term defects per million • Defects per unit
Opportunities in the product, process, or service • Operations • Converting
defects into long-term sigma capability • First-time yield and the hidden activity
• Rolled throughput yield and normalized yield • Cycle time, performance level,
and the hidden activity
Case-exercises 351
Appendices
I Glossary: key terminology and formulae in statistics
II Mathematical relationships
III Microsoft Excel
607
624
638
Index 643
|
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| spelling | Waller, Derek L. aut Statistics for business Derek L. Waller Second edition London Routledge 2017 XXVI, 646 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Commercial statistics Management Statistical methods Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9781315890043 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029410364&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029410364&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Waller, Derek L. Statistics for business Commercial statistics Management Statistical methods |
| title | Statistics for business |
| title_auth | Statistics for business |
| title_exact_search | Statistics for business |
| title_full | Statistics for business Derek L. Waller |
| title_fullStr | Statistics for business Derek L. Waller |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistics for business Derek L. Waller |
| title_short | Statistics for business |
| title_sort | statistics for business |
| topic | Commercial statistics Management Statistical methods |
| topic_facet | Commercial statistics Management Statistical methods |
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