Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport:
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Köln
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache |
| Physical Description: | III, 212 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |c vorgelegt von Andreas Epp |
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| adam_text | Titel: Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport
Autor: Epp, Andreas
Jahr: 2016
Contents
1. Introduction .......................................................................................1
2. Concept..............................................................................................5
3. Theory................................................................................................7
3.1 Holography................................................................................................7
3.1.1 Basic Wave Equations.........................................................................7
3.1.2 Interference..........................................................................................9
3.1.3 Holographic Principle........................................................................10
3.1.4 Coupled Wave Theory.......................................................................14
3.2 The Photorefractive Effect.......................................................................21
3.2.1 Mechanism........................................................................................22
3.2.2 Photorefractive Media.......................................................................24
3.2.3 Physics of Organic Amorphous Photorefractive Media......................28
3.2.3.1 Charge-Carrier Generation............................................................28
3.2.3.2 Charge Transport..........................................................................30
3.2.3.3 The Photorefractive Space-Charge Field........................................31
3.2.3.4 Electro-Optic Response..................................................................36
3.2.4 Organic Photorefractive Materials.....................................................49
3.2.4.1 Sensitizers......................................................................................50
3.2.4.2 Hole-Conducting Polymers............................................................53
3.2.4.3 Electro-Optical Chromophores.......................................................55
4. Results and Discussion.....................................................................59
4.1 Characterization of Polymeric Photorefractive Composites (PPCs).........59
4.1.1 Influence of Various Fullcrene-Type Sensitizers.................................61
4.1.1.1 Introduction...................................................................................61
4.1.1.2 Investigated Materials...................................................................62
4.1.1.3 Steady State Characterization.......................................................64
4.1.1.4 Dynamic Characterization..................................................72
4.1.1.5 Conclusion on Different Fullerene Sensitizers.................................76
4 12 From p- to n-type Conduction - PR Composites with Bipolar Charge
Transport........................................................77
4.1.2.1 Introduction...............................................77
4.1.2.2 Investigated Materials....................................................................78
4.1.2.3 Steady State Characterization.......................................................80
4.1.2.4 Dynamic Characterization.............................................................90
4.1.2.5 Conclusion on Bipolar Polymeric Composites................................95
4.1.3 Influence of the Alkyl Side Chain Length of a PCB-Cx Sensitizer on
the Photorefractive Performance........................................................97
4.1.3.1 Introduction...................................................................................97
4.1.3.2 Investigated Materials....................................................................98
4.1.3.3 Steady State Characterization.....................................................100
4.1.3.4 Dynamic Characterization...........................................................105
4.1.3.5 Conclusion on the influence of the side chain length....................109
4.1.4 New Hole-Conducting Polymeric Matrix OX3-TPD........................111
4.1.4.1 Introduction..............................................................................111
4.1.4.2 Investigated Materials..................................................................112
4.1.4.3 Steady State Characterization.....................................................115
4.1.4.4 Dynamic Characterization...........................................................119
4.1.4.5 Increased Sensitizer Content and Bipolar Composites..................122
4.1.4.6 Conclusion on new OX3-TPD matrix..........................................126
4.2 Characterization of Photorefractive Low Molecular Weight Glasses.......129
4.2.1 Merocyanine ATOP-4 as a Multifunctional Dye..............................129
4.2.1.1 Introduction.................................................................................129
4.2.1.2 Investigated Materials..................................................................131
4.2.1.3 Steady State Characterization.....................................................133
4.2.1.4 Conclusion on ATOP4-based LMW glasses..................................141
4.2.2 Characterization of Other Merocyanine Chromophores....................143
4.2.2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................143
4.2.2.2 Investigated Materials..................................................................144
4.2.2.3 Holographic Characterization.......................................................144
4.2.2.4 Conclusion on MD344.................................................................. 147
4.3 Quasi-Persistent Grating Storage in Organic PPCs...............................149
4.3.1 Introduction....................................................................................149
4.3.2 Important Parameters to Provide Quasi Stable Gratings................149
4.3.3 Characterization of Quasi-Persistent Gratings.................................151
4.3.4 Erasure of Quasi-Persistent PR Gratings.........................................158
4.3.5 Conclusion on Temporary PR Grating Storage................................159
4.4 Photorefractive Materials with Low Optical Gain Values in Organic
Photovoltaic Devices..............................................................................161
4.4.1 Introduction....................................................................................161
4.4.2 Investigated materials and device structure......................................163
4.4.3 Characterization of PR Composites (Series A) in OPV Devices .... 164
4.4.4 Characterization of LMW Glasses (Series B) in OPV Devices........167
4.4.5 Conclusion on OPV Devices Based on PR Materials.......................170
5. Summary and Outlook...................................................................173
Bibliography.........................................................................................181
A. Experimental Part..........................................................................195
A.l Material and Sample Preparation..........................................................195
A.2 Measurement Setup...............................................................................196
A.2.1 Standard Configuration...................................................................199
A.2.2 Wave Mixing Techniques................................................................200
A. 2.3 Ellipsometry....................................................................................204
A.3 Secondary Measurements.......................................................................205
A.3.1 UV/Vis Spectroscopy......................................................................205
A.3.2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry...................................................206
B. Chemical Structures.......................................................................207
C. List of Selected Chemical Compounds..........................................209
D. List of Abbreviations......................................................................211
|
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| spelling | Epp, Andreas Verfasser (DE-588)1104155141 aut Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport vorgelegt von Andreas Epp Köln 2016 III, 212 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache Dissertation Universität zu Köln 2016 (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Universität zu Köln (DE-588)2024231-1 dgg HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029210595&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Epp, Andreas Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| title_auth | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| title_exact_search | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| title_full | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport vorgelegt von Andreas Epp |
| title_fullStr | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport vorgelegt von Andreas Epp |
| title_full_unstemmed | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport vorgelegt von Andreas Epp |
| title_short | Organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| title_sort | organic photorefractive materials with bipolar charge transport |
| topic_facet | Hochschulschrift |
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