Essays in honour of Jaap Spier:
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
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Wien
Jan Sramek Verlag
2016
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Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XV, 325 Seiten |
ISBN: | 9783709701010 |
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adam_text | VII
Table of Contents
Preface
V
Ewa Bagihska
The Development of Liability for »Reproductive Torts«
in Polish Law .................................................... 3
L Introduction................................................... 3
II. The legal framework for prenatal tests and abortion
in Poland .................................................... 4
III. The role of »conscientious objection« in the enforcement
of patients’ rights to prenatal testing and abortion ..... 5
IV. Liability for refusal of an ethical (where the pregnancy
is the result of a crime) or therapeutic abortion......... 8
V. The development of liability for the denial of prenatal testing
and/or a eugenic abortion ................................ 12
VI. Conclusions .................................................. 17
Jean-Sébastien Borghetti
Strict Liability in Tort and the Boundaries of Tort Law .................. 19
I. The development of responsabilité du fait des choses ............. 22
A. Birth..................................................... 22
B. Coming of age and decline .................................. 29
IL Responsabilité du fait des choses and non-cumul ....................... 33
A. The affirmation of the non-cumul rule .................... 33
B. The extension of the non-cumul rule ...................... 40
III. Responsabilité du fait des choses, non-cumul,
and the reform of the law of obligations ...................... 49
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
Table of Contents
Giovanni Comandé
Awarding Damages for Non-Pecuniary Losses: from Full to Personalized Compensation. A Quest towards Neurocognitive
Research ............................................................ 55
I. Making the victim whole: a principle, a fundamental right
or an illusory promise? ..................................... 55
II. Different languages, converging notions
and blurred principles ...................................... 60
III. Sample techniques for awarding non-pecuniary damages
and their relations with the full compensation principle .. 64
A. The English way to intangible losses .................. 65
B. German tables and descriptions .......................... 66
C. A Franco-Italian approach to scheduling ................. 67
D. The problematic Italian search for a synthesis ......... 68
E. Awarding methods and full compensation: a summary....... 71
IV. Est modus in rebus? Neurocognitive patterns to understand
full compensation............................................ 73
Ina Ebert
Climate Liability and Liability Insurance ......................... 79
I. Liability for the consequences of climate change .............. 79
II. Liability for greenhouse gas emissions as such ................ 80
A. Claiming compensation for damage caused
by climate change ..................................... 80
B. Legal hurdles for claimants............................ 81
1. Political question doctrine and displacement ....... 81
2. Legal standing ........................................ 81
3. Causation, attribution and time related issues ..... 82
C. Climate liability vs. asbestos and tobacco ............ 83
D. Litigation so far ...................................... 84
1. Comer v. Murphy Oil ................................ 85
2. Kivalina v. ExxonMobil ................................ 86
III. Other climate related liability risks ......................... 86
IV. Coverage issues................................................ 87
V. Consequences and outlook ...................................... 88
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
Table of Contents IX
JdrgFedtke
Evolutionary Mismatch and Responsibility .............................. 91
I. Environmental change ........................................... 92
II. Mismatch ....................................................... 94
III. Responsibility.................................................. 96
Israel Gilead
On the Different Aspects of Unforeseeability
in Negligence Law .................................................... 103
I. Introduction................................................... 103
II. The three different implications of the unforeseeability
of harm ...................................................... 104
A. First possible implication of unforeseeability - D’s
conduct was ex ante reasonable ........................... 104
B. Second possible implication of unforeseeability - P’s
harm is not sufficiently related to D’s negligent conduct . 105
C. Third possible implication of unforeseeability - Denial
of D’s liability for P’s harm on policy grounds ........... 106
III. The different legal elements used to deny D’s liability for P’s
unforeseeable harm ........................................... 107
A. The question - how to associate the different implications of unforeseeability with the different
elements of negligence liability.......................... 107
B. A simple answer - each implication of unforeseeability
corresponds with a missing element of liability ........... 108
C. An even simpler answer - discarding normative
foreseeability............................................ 108
D. The common answer - more complex and confusing............. 110
IV. The importance of specifying which legal element of liability
is missing because of the harm’s unforeseeability ............ 111
V. The recent debate in Israel’s Supreme Court regarding
the implications of unforeseeability.......................... 112
VI. Applying the unforeseeability analysis to the »proximity«
requirement ................................................. 114.
VII. Conclusion .................................................... 115
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
117
117
117
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120
120
120
120
121
122
123
124
124
125
127
129
129
131
131
132
133
135
135
137
137
138
138
138
140
140
141
142
142
Table of Contents
Ernst Karner
Quantification of Moral Damages in Personal Injury Cases in a Comparative View .......................................
I. Monetary compensation for non-pecuniary loss? ........
A. Difficulties and necessity of compensation
for non-pecuniary loss ...........................
B. The dilemma of incommensurability................
II. The different assessment methods......................
A. Two types of assessing damages ..................
B. Countries relying on judicial discretion ........
1. Austria ......................................
2. Germany ......................................
3. Switzerland ..................................
4. England and the US ...........................
C. Countries relying on tabular compensation schemes ...
1. Italy.........................................
2. France .......................................
3. Spain ........................................
III. Unification of compensation? .........................
A. Different amounts throughout Europe .............
B. Reasons for different levels of compensation? ...
C. Different amounts in similar systems - highest awards
D. Ranking according to highest amounts.............
E. Evaluation of injuries ..........................
F. Unification of injuries .........................
IV. Final remarks ........................................
Bernhard A. Koch
Why Tort Law Seems to Fail Sometimes .............
I. Introduction...............................
II. Suggested, but not actual failures ........
A. Purported flaws due to practical constraints
1. Imperfect defendants ..............
2. Imperfect claimants ...............
3. Imperfect evidence ................
B. Alleged shortcomings relating to procedure
C. Failure to meet actual or imaginary goals ....
1. Compensation .......................
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
Table of Contents XI
a. The principle of »full compensation«............. 142
b. Overcompensation ................................ 144
c. Compensation to all in need? .................... 144
2. Prevention........................................... 145
D. Alternative funds more readily accessible .............. 149
III. Actual, but mostly unavoidable weaknesses ................. 150
A. Cutting off claims by the calendar ..................... 150
B. Cutting off claims by percentage points ................ 152
C. Cutting off claims by seemingly random caps ............ 154
D. Putting a price tag on the priceless ................... 156
IV. Not so bad after all....................................... 157
Helmut Koziol
»Supplementary« Liability .......................................... 161
I. Problem at issue ............................................ 161
A. The example of liability for auxiliaries................ 161
B. The fundamental question ............................... 162
II. Starting points for »supplementary liability«
in the legal system ........................................ 164
A. An ancient example...................................... 164
B. Liability for auxiliaries .............................. 165
C. Modern example: importer’s, dealer’s and producer’s
product liability........................................ 165
III. Fundamental ideas and scope of »supplementary liability« .... 166
A. Fundamental ideas....................................... 166
B. Possibility of shifting the burden as basic prerequisite
for »supplementary liability«? .......................... 168
C. Liability for damage or bearing of risk? ............... 170
1. Causation as fundamental prerequisite
under the law of damages ............................ 170
2. The criteria for imputation under the law of damages . 172
D. Attempt at a system of »supplementary liability« ....... 176
Christian Lahnstein
Observations on the Role of Liability Insurance .................. 181 I. II.
I. Liability insurance and tort law ............................ 182
II. How insurers could better observe liability developments .... 188
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
XII
Table of Contents
Ulrich Magnus
German Product Liability Law, the European Court of Justice and the Principles of European Tort Law ................................... 191
I. Introduction..................................................... 191
II. Features of German product liability law......................... 191
A. The sources of German product liability law ................ 191
B. The German Product Liability Act ........................... 192
1. Primary agricultural products and game................... 193
2. Exclusion of development risks .......................... 194
3. Caps .................................................... 194
4. Non-material damage ..................................... 196
5. Preservation of existing special liability systems....... 196
6. Further characteristics of liability under the
Product Liability Act.................................. 199
C. Characteristics of product liability under § 823 (1) BGB . 199
1. The beginning of a specific product liability law
in Germany .............................................. 199
2. Specific duties of care ................................. 200
3. Inclusion of all property damage, even so-called
»Weiterfresserschaden«................................... 201
4. Reversal of burden of proof.............................. 202
III. The recent case law.............................................. 202
A. The jurisprudence of the CJEU .............................. 202
1. The early decisions ..................................... 202
2. When product put into circulation - damage .............. 204
3. Product put into circulation - limitation................ 206
4. Compensation of threatened damage ....................... 207
B. Recent decisions of the German Federal Supreme Court ..... 209
1. Defect of electricity - putting electricity into
circulation - producer of electricity ................. 210
2. Defect and causation..................................... 211
3. Costs of retrofitting as damage ......................... 211
IV. Product liability law under the PETL ............................ 213
V. Conclusions ..................................................... 214
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
Miquel Martin-Casals
Loss of Housekeeping Capacity in the New Spanish Compensation Scheme for Road Traffic Accidents ............................
TENTS XIII
217
I. Introduction.............................................. 217
A. Compensation for loss of earnings and loss
of housekeeping capacity in the old 1995 scheme ..... 219
B. Guidelines of the new 2015 compensation scheme for the assessment of loss of earnings and loss
of housekeeping capacity.............................. 222
II. The need to compensate for the loss of housekeeping
capacity.................................................. 222
III. Compensation for loss of housekeeping capacity
according to the new compensation scheme................. 224
A. Which housework is recoverable? ..................... 224
B. Housework for whom? .................................. 226
C. The valuation of unpaid housework .................... 228
D. Compensation for loss of housekeeping capacity
in the different scenarios ........................... 230
1. Compensation in the case of death
of the housekeeper ................................ 230
2. Compensation in the case of permanent injuries
of the housekeeper ................................ 232
3. Compensation in the case of temporary injuries
of the housekeeper ................................ 233
IV. Conclusion ............................................... 236
Olivier Moréteau
Individual Liability in a Vulnerable Environment: Revisiting the Ethical Foundations of Tort Law ................................. 239
I. Introduction: An ethic of responsibility ................. 239
II. Damage to nature is reparable ............................ 244
III. Individuals are liable for collective decisions .......... 248
IV. Liability to future generations........................... 254
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
XIV
Table of Contents
Johann Neethling
Adultery as Actionable Tort - A South African Perspective 259
I. Introduction................................................... 259
II. Facts of RH v DE............................................... 260
III. Iniuria (contumelia) and loss of consortium ................... 261
IV. Decisions of the Supreme Court of Appeal
and the Constitutional Court ................................ 263
A. Enticement, loss of consortium and contumelia ............ 263
B. Adultery as ground of action ............................ 264
1. Justification for adultery as ground of action ........ 264
2. Justification for abrogation of adultery
as ground of action.................................... 267
3. Recognition of the right to feelings as an independent
personality right ..................................... 277
4. Actionable iniuriae where adultery is involved ........ 279
5. Continued existence of abduction, enticement
and harbouring as grounds of action ................. 283
6. Aquilian action for loss of consortium ................ 284
7. Interdict and adultery................................. 284
V. Forfeiture of marital benefits as a result of adultery......... 285
VI. Conclusion .................................................... 286
Miroslaw Nesterowicz
Civil Liability of a Physician (a Medical Clinic) for Failure
to Warn a Third Party of Threat of an Infectious Disease
from a Patient ................................................... 289
Lubos Tichy
Preventive Liability - a New Paradigm in Tort Law? ............... 3°3
I. Problem and methodology.................................... 303
II. Prevention as an objective and function of tort law ....... 304
III. Prevention in the broad sense (general prevention) ........ 306
IV. Historical and current development of preventive liability. 307
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
Table of Contents XV
V. Preventive liability - a new paradigm ................................ 309
A. Basis............................................................. 309
B. Conduct required by the duty of prevention and its forms .... 311
1. Conduct’s objective .......................................... 311
2. Duty of notification ......................................... 312
3. Duty of intervention ......................................... 312
4. Intentional inactivity ....................................... 312
C. Extent of duty (protected interests and other factors) ... 313
VI. Necessity of statutory regulation of the duty of prevention and
preventive liability. The responsible person ................. 313
A. Preventive function of tort law and duty of prevention ... 313
B. A responsible person ............................................. 314
VII. Preventive liability - liability for violation of duty of prevention . 314
A. Unlawfulness and fault ........................................... 314
B. Damage............................................................ 315
C. Causation and attribution ........................................ 315
D. Limitation of attribution. Defences .............................. 316
E. Sanction ......................................................... 316
VIII. Policy justification ................................................. 317
A. Restriction to the party autonomy................................. 317
B. Floodgates - new burden for the courts? ................... 318
C. Reasons for the introduction of liability for prevention .. 319
D. Criminal law’s paradigm - guarantor vs. »Samaritan« ...... 319
E. Between freedom and protection.................................... 320
List of Authors ...................................................... 323
Essays in Honour of Jaap Spier
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spelling | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier Helmut Koziol, Ulrich Magnus (eds) Jaap Spier Wien Jan Sramek Verlag 2016 XV, 325 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Rechtsvergleich (DE-588)4115712-6 gnd rswk-swf Schadensersatz (DE-588)4051927-2 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4016928-5 Festschrift gnd-content Schadensersatz (DE-588)4051927-2 s Rechtsvergleich (DE-588)4115712-6 s DE-604 Koziol, Helmut 1940- (DE-588)140928049 edt Magnus, Ulrich 1944- (DE-588)12368398X edt Spier, Jaap 1950- (DE-588)172406501 hnr Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028925179&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier Rechtsvergleich (DE-588)4115712-6 gnd Schadensersatz (DE-588)4051927-2 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4115712-6 (DE-588)4051927-2 (DE-588)4016928-5 |
title | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier |
title_alt | Jaap Spier |
title_auth | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier |
title_exact_search | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier |
title_full | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier Helmut Koziol, Ulrich Magnus (eds) |
title_fullStr | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier Helmut Koziol, Ulrich Magnus (eds) |
title_full_unstemmed | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier Helmut Koziol, Ulrich Magnus (eds) |
title_short | Essays in honour of Jaap Spier |
title_sort | essays in honour of jaap spier |
topic | Rechtsvergleich (DE-588)4115712-6 gnd Schadensersatz (DE-588)4051927-2 gnd |
topic_facet | Rechtsvergleich Schadensersatz Festschrift |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028925179&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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