Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku: partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970)
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Warszawa
Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
2015
|
| Edition: | Wydanie 1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Register // Personenregister Abstract Literaturverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Bibliografie Seite 470-487 |
| Physical Description: | 507 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Illustrationen 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788323518822 |
Staff View
MARC
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| 020 | |a 9788323518822 |9 978-83-235-1882-2 | ||
| 020 | |z 8323518823 |9 8323518823 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)951427215 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Kossewska, Elżbieta |d 1972- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1232010790 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku |b partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |c Elżbieta Kossewska |
| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| 250 | |a Wydanie 1 | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Warszawa |b Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego |c 2015 | |
| 300 | |a 507 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten |b Illustrationen |c 21 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Bibliografie Seite 470-487 | ||
| 546 | |a Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1948-1970 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Presse |0 (DE-588)4047150-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Polnisch |0 (DE-588)4120314-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Israel |0 (DE-588)4027808-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Israel |0 (DE-588)4027808-6 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Presse |0 (DE-588)4047150-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Polnisch |0 (DE-588)4120314-8 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Geschichte 1948-1970 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Personenregister |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000007&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000008&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804175740505161728 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Indeks osób
Abu-Gosh Subhi 21
Adamczyk Kazimierz 17, 246, 268
Adamczyk-Garbowska Monika 14, 20, 31, 69
Adelson Józef 91
Adler Laure 51, 216
Ador Reuwen 195
Agnon Szmuel Josef 37, 64
Agron Gershon 152
Ajschylos 292
Ajzenberg A. 138
Akavia Miriam 77
Akoka Karen 330, 337, 340
Akzin Benjamin 21, 82, 119, 152, 173
Aleksandrowicz Janina 51, 216
Aleksiun Natalia 21, 31, 91, 106, 405,
408
Almog Oz 35, 36, 69,
Almogi Josef 215, 216
Altbauer Mosze 29
Alter Wiktor 444
Alterman Natan 248
Altshuler Mordechai 295
Amikam (Krzak) Elijahu 75
Amir Anda zob. Amir-Pinkerfeld (Finkel-
ferd) Anda
Amir-Pinkerfeld (Finkelferd) Anda 153-
155, 166, 167, 294, 348
Anders Jaroslaw 367
Anders Wladyslaw 63, 122, 344, 444
Andrejew Igor 310
Andres Zbigniew 64
Apenszlak 77
Apenszlak Paulina 125
Aran (Aharonowicz) Zalman 47, 49, 86
Arieli Y. 213
Arnold Stefan 67, 126
Aroch 186, 187
Arski Stefan (wtasc. Salman Artur) 451
Artuski (Eihenbach) Artur 447
Artuski Isachar (Oskar) 31
Artuski Oscar 444
Arzi Icchak 100, 103, 127, 140, 150, 151,
214, 215, 221, 223, 226, 227
Arzi Reuwen 364, 390
Ashkenazi Shaula 203, 204
Aszkenazi Jakub 196
Auscaler Gustaw 301, 309, 310
Auscaler Hanna 310
Auscaler Rachel 310
Avnery Uri 338, 343, 344
Azhari Adnan 181
Bachrach Aleksander 302
Bader Johanan 71, 227
Balti Berl 442
ßanton Michael 161
Bareli Avi 21,49, 82, 149, 173, 285
Bargiftski 41
Barkat Reuwen 86
Bartold Robert 70
Barzilaj Izrael 183, 284, 285, 314, 319,
391, 426
Bastuni Rostam 409
Bauman Janina 233, 271
Begin Menachem 227, 339, 403, 406
Ben Filip 180, 216, 235, 241, 429, 431
Ben Gurion Dawid 17, 26-29, 31, 48, 70,
135, 170, 172, 212, 213, 215-218, 221,
223, 227, 318, 404, 406, 431
Ben Jaakow J. 31, 38
Ben-Aszer Awigdor zob. Cygielman Wiktor
Ben-Rafael Eliezer 162
Bentow Arie 101, 113, 123, 138
Ber Artur 272, 273
Berendt Grzegorz 21, 75, 91, 92, 106, 145,
234, 373
Berger Herzei 207
Berkowitz Michael 69
Berman Adolf 19, 26, 30, 34, 282, 397,
407-411, 415, 416, 420, 424, 434
Berman Barbara 409
Berman Bradley 369
Berman Emanuel 408
Berman Guta z d. Bernikier 408
Berman Iser Lejb 408
Berman Jakub 305, 306, 408, 409
Berman Mieczyslaw 408
Berman-Olecka Irena 408
Berman-Wolek Anna 408
Bernard Krystyna zob. Bernard-Sztatler
Krystyna
Bernard-Sztatler Krystyna 16, 88, 230
Beyzym Jan SJ 292
Bialik Chaim Nachman 154
Bida Antoni 179, 180, 367
Biegahski Witold 328
Biehkowski Stanislaw 346
Birenbaum Halina 77, 88
Blatman Daniel 445
Bora Edmund ps., zob. Eppel (Epel) Borys
(Dow, Ber)
Borensztein Marian 442
Borochow Dow Ber 30, 293
Borodziej Wlodzimierz 305
Borowski Wladysjaw 159
Borzyminska Zofia 68, 109
Bosiacki Adam 299
Brajtbart R. 430
Brand Gila 93, 330
Brandys Stanislawa 201
Brandys Wiktor 73, 121-123, 201
Braun Andrzej 116
Breitstein C. 424
Broszkiewicz Jerzy 142
Brown 274
Brückner Aleksander 292
Brystiger (Bry sty gier, Brystyger, Bristiger,
Brüstiger, Briestiger) Julia z d. Prajs,
ps. „Luna”, „Krwawa Luna” 439
Brzezina Maria 28, 29
Brzozowski Stanislaw 319
Bugaj Tadeusz 181
Cala Alina 13, 36, 233
Camus Albert 360
Canin Mordechaj Jeszajahu 32, 33, 48, 186,
419
Castro Fidel 247
Cesarani David 372
Chajçcki Bronislaw 300-302, 307, 310
Chajkin Leon 99, 105
Chalamisz Mordechaj 367, 372, 380, 382
Chassin Eliahu 213
Chazan Jakub zob. Hazan Ya akov
Chevrillon Olivier 360
Chmielewski Henryk 307
Chojnacki Henryk 413
Chojnowski Andrzej 20
Chruszczow Nikita S. 282
Chulkowska Bela 186, 191
Cieslak Tomasz 64
Cimek Henryk 294
Cohen (Kohen) Idow 18, 96, 131, 199,
222, 224, 227
Cohen (Kohen) Johanan 18, 93, 98
Cohen Haya Î 53, 154
Cohen Israel 249
Cohen Michael}. 395
Coutouvidis John 305
Coxjulien Victor ps., zob. Cygielman Wiktor
496
Cuber A. 181
Cur Eli 21 282, 285, 286, 314, 354
Cygie 1 41
Cygielman Aleksander (Uszer) 323, 327
Cygielman Dorit (Thea) 16, 23, 290, 333,
335-339, 348
Cygielman Robert 324, 327
Cygielman Rozalia (Rachela) z d. Goldfin-
ger 323, 324, 327
Cygielman Sonia (Yael) 331, 332
Cygielman Szaje (Jeszajahu) 324
Cygielman Tola (Renee, Rywka, Renata)
331, 332
Cygielman Wiktor 15, 16, 185, 206, 235,
312, 315, 321, 323, 324, 326-333, 335-
340, 348, 350, 358-361, 364, 372, 374,
375, 379, 382, 385
Cyrankiewicz Jôzef 306
Czajkowski Kazimierz 300, 307, 308
Czarnecka Barbara 14
Czerniakiewicz Jan 180
Czerski Aleksander 75, 77, 146, 159, 237,
240, 241, 254, 258, 267, 356
Czyzewski Andrzej 367
Cwiakowska Anna zob. Cwiakowska-Szuli-
mowicz Anna
Cwiakowska-Szulimowicz Anna 16, 85,
229-231, 234, 236, 241, 243, 254, 275
Dajan Mosze 212
Daniel Jean 339, 340
Dankowicz Franciszka z d. Melenior 205
Dankowicz Henryk 16, 57, 142, 201, 205,
206, 231, 244-246, 263, 266, 267, 418
Dankowicz Leon 205
Datner-Spiewak Helena 233
D^b Adolf 302, 307
Dqbrowski Mieczystaw 10, 20, 60, 268, 338
Defferre Gaston 360
Deutscher Isaac 340
Doboszynski Adam 302
Dobrecka Ruth 100
Dolcin Leon 227
Domagalska Malgorzata 84
Dori Jaakow 212
Dreksler Jeszajahu 117
Drymmer Wiktor 125
Drzewiecki Marek 218
Dubiel R 397
Dybciak Krzysztof 368
Dzigan Szymon 30
Ebner Majer 110, 111
Eckstein Zeev 217
Edelheit Abraham J. 219
Egozi (Orzechowski) Kalman 74
Eichmann Adolf 216-219, 227, 346
Eihenbach zob. Artuski (Eihenbach) Artur
Einstein Arik 323
Einstein Dwora 323
Eisenberg L 133
Eisenstadt Shmuel Noah 106, 161-164, 173,
175, 411
Eisler Jerzy 159, 234
Ejlon Arnos 133
Eliaw Lowa 257, 258
Engel David 445
Engelking Barbara 134, 234
Eppel (Epel) Borys (Dow, Ber) 35, 144,
206, 344-346, 354, 355, 359, 362, 363,
363, 366, 368, 376-378
Eppel Michael 23, 344
Eppel Michal 344
Eppel Pesach 344, 346
Eppel Zofia z d. Guzband 344
Erel S. 51
Erem Mosze 194, 208
Eshed Hagay 213
Esman Milton J. 21, 395
Estraikh Gennady 34
Eszkol Lewi 48, 172, 379, 431
Etzioni-Halevy Eva 271
Eurypides 292
Everding August 64, 233
Eywkin A. 95
Faigenberg Dawid zob. Fajgenberg Dawid
497
Fajgenberg Dawid 38, 121, 129, 219, 220,
222-224
Famulska-Ciesielska Karolina 15, 17, 157, 203
Feder Naftali 350
Feld Owadia 142, 143
Feldman ]ackie 265
Felhendler Ignacy (Izrael) 441
Fieldorf August Emil 309, 310
Finger Marie ps., zob. Cygielman Rozalia
(Rachela) z d. Goldfinger
Fink Bronek 347
Fink Ida 338, 347, 348
Fink Miri 347
Finkielstein Jözef 124
First Henryk 159
Fishkane Michael A. 21
Fiszer Artur 441
Flapen Simcha 338
Flatau-Kowalska Aleksandra 301
Flohr Paul R. 21
Foerder Jeshayahu 96, 130
Fogel (Fogiel) Zygmunt 124, 125
Ford Aleksander 369
Franciszek Jözef I 247
Franco Francisco 329
Frankel Jonathan 21,34
Frenkel Alona 71
Friedman (Eliasziw) Szmuel 107, 108
Frister Elzbieta 347
Frister Roman 16, 23, 80, 83, 143, 146,
206, 346, 347, 369, 377
Friszke Andrzej 305
Fritzhand Marek 336
Fuks Marian 20, 111, 127
Galas Michal 29
Galecki 194, 195
Galczyhski Konstanty Ildefons 37
Galk 438
Ganzach S. 138
Gaulle Charles de 216, 268, 360
Gefen Marek (Weintraub Maurycy) 77, 79,
150, 156, 159, 283, 314, 419, 420, 454
Geller Ewa 26, 28, 29, 39
Gertz Nurit 35
Gibli Benjamin 212
Giedroyc Jerzy 19, 31, 57, 58, 60, 63, 201,
206, 230-233, 237, 240, 243, 245-247,
250, 252, 253, 269-272, 275-277, 347,
437, 438
Gierek Edward 438, 439
Gieysztor Aleksander 301
Giladi Dawid 50, 60, 138, 213
Gill Zvi 71
Gitelman Zvi 369
Glick Bruno 84
Gliksman Jerzy 444
Glikson Paul 14, 74, 83
Glowacki Albin 296
Glowinski Michat 26
Golan Aviezer 213
Golan G alia 265
Golan Josef 141
Golan R. 41
Gold Jeanne ps., zob. Majler Rose Janina
(Jeanne)
Goldberg Aleksander 22
Goldberg Lea 153
Goldfinger Jezekiel Baruch 326
Goldkorn Józef 441
Goldman Nachum 11, 78, 132, 217, 221,
340, 404
Goldstein Mosze 43-45, 47, 111, 112, 117-
120, 128, 131, 133, 136-139,
Golka Bartlomiej 360
Golon Miroslaw 318
Gomulka Wladyslaw 8, 178, 183, 192, 274,
309, 336, 342
Goodman Martin 10, 22
Gordon Aharon David 293
Gorny Yosef 51,219
Gosk Hanna 7, 14, 63, 246
Gottlieb Szulim 124
Goral Leon 356, 357, 361
Grabowska Alina 31, 72, 85, 87, 88, 229-
231, 233-235, 237, 243, 244, 246, 247,
249, 250, 253, 255, 258, 261, 265-267,
269, 270, 275-277
498
Grabski August 15, 21, 31, 33, 91, 145
Grabski Wladyslaw 65
Grajek Szloma (Stefan) 107, 407
Granot Eliezer 118, 119, 385
Gromyko Andriej 405
Gross Natan 14, 16, 41, 83, 175, 230
Grossman Chajka 390, 407
Grossman, adwokat 182
Grün Arieli 32
Grünbaum Icchak 38, 95, 129-131, 175,
402, 404, 411
Gumkowski Marek 234
Gurdus Natan 125, 180
Gutowski Antoni 230, 233, 234, 236, 244
Habermas Jürgen 82, 243
Habielski Rafal 304
Hacohen Dvora 93, 95, 330
Halecki Jözef 182, 183
Halpern Lejwik (Lewi) 26, 27
Halpern-Chylinska Kamila 85, 231, 233,
237-240, 244, 275-277
Harnisz Danuta 80
Hartem Dawid 147, 151
Hartglas Dawid 94
Hasle Moritz Arnold 73, 74, 92
Hatalgi Teodor 32, 134, 137
Hausner Gideon 217, 227
Hazan Ya akov (Chazan Jakub) 314, 315,
384, 386-388, 390
Heiser Dorothea 64, 233
Heller Binem 32
Hensel Jürgen 31, 444
Herbaczyhski Wojciech 82
Hereberg F. 289
Herman Cwi 70
Herman Jerzy 448, 449, 453, 455
Hertz Aleksander 10
Hertzberg Arthur 31
Herzig J. 118, 119
Herzl Teodor 110, 111, 293
Herzog Chaim 395
Herzog Isaac 395
Herzog Michael 395
Hescheles Maurycy 124
Hezjod 292
Hillel Starszy 326
Himelfarb Hezi 203, 204
Himelfarb Szabtaj (Stanislaw) 32, 33, 48,
151, 199-201, 203, 204, 206-211, 216,
219, 220, 222-224, 226, 230, 231, 337
Hirt-Manheimer Aron 31
Hlasko Marek 57, 58, 63, 366-368, 453
Hobsbawm Eric J. 317
Hochberg-Mariahska Maria 205
Hochwald Zygmunt 125
Hoffman Eva 38
Holzer Mieczyslaw 329
Homer 292
Honti François 340
Horbaczewski Pawel 275
Horowitz Dan 213
Horszowski 251
Hulanicki Witold 67, 126
Idelson Beba 49
Ignis ps., zob. Iserles (Isserles) Ignacy
(Izrael)
Imbert Claude 360
Indelman Mojzesz 105, 124
Insler Abraham 105
iserles Arieh (Leonard) 23, 285, 293, 321,
392
Iserles Gizela z d. Swieca 296, 310, 321
Iserles (Isserles) Ignacy (Izrael) 16, 23, 59,
77-79, 89, 161, 167, 168, 170, 173, 247,
281, 283, 290, 291-316, 321, 323, 337,
350, 353, 355, 357, 358, 360, 362-366,
368-385, 388, 389, 391, 392
Isserl Izrael 291
Isserles Anna 291, 294
Isserles Izrael zob. Iserles (Isserles) Ignacy
(Izrael)
Isserles Leon (Lejb) 291
Isserles Lola 291, 294
Isserles Mojzesz (Mosze) (Remu) 291
Isserles Natalia (Netti) z d. Bandler 291
Istner Filip 305
499
Jaari Meir zob. Ya ari (Jaari) Meir
Jacobs Jack 445
Jagielski Wojciech 52
Jakir L. 64
Janowska Halina 324
Jasiewicz Krzysztof 296
Jasinska-Wojtkowska Maria 368
Jaworski K. 166
Jedidia (Gotlieb) Szalom 89, 156, 182, 202,
203, 209, 211, 215, 225, 226
J^drzejewicz janusz 125
Jockusch Laura 69
Joffe Henryk 37, 55, 159, 166, 167, 176,
187, 189, 190, 247, 249, 258, 262
Johannes Dow 16, 23, 97, 99, 100, 102-
109, 112, 115, 117-119, 202-204, 208-
211, 214
Josef Dow 118
Josefstal Giora 32, 41, 43, 48, 49, 52, 113,
142, 144, 148-151, 153, 155, 156, 160,
162, 178, 189, 194-196, 208, 418
Juchczyk H. 304
Judeks 389
Judt Tony 70, 304, 305
jurewicz H. 376
Jurkowski Chaim 229, 243, 245
Justman Mojzesz 124
Kacnelson Berl zob. Katznelson Berl
Kacprzak Anna 413
Kamiriska Ida Rachela 239
Kaminski Lukasz 305
Karlebach Azriel 56, 57, 74, 136, 139
Karmel Mosze 386, 387
Karpus Zbigniew 318
Karsh Efraim 7, 35
Kastner Rudolf Israel 217
Katz Katriel 182, 310
Katznelson Berl 111, 155, 404
Kaufman H. 425, 429
Kazmierska Kaja 20, 71
Kqcka Bozena 181
Kejnan hit 69
Kejsari Uri 36, 207, 220, 225
Kenney Padraic 305
Kern Paulina 301
Kersten Krystyna 234, 304, 305, 316
Kielski Józef 154, 157
Kieszczynski Lucjan 294
Kislev Ran 23, 80, 84, 283, 316, 341-344,
348, 350, 353, 356, 359, 361-364, 366,
382
Kiszon Efraim 32
Kitron Mosze 32, 43, 48, 49, 52, 113, 142,
144, 148-153, 155, 156, 160, 175, 178,
189, 194-196, 198, 199, 208, 418
Kitron Noemi 148
Klahrman Józef 125
Klarman Pawel 156, 157
Klarman Stanislaw 157
Kleeberg Franciszek 292
Kleinbaum Chawa z d. Lichtensztejn 400
Kleinbaum Mojzesz zob. Sneh Moshe
Kleinbaum Rachel 405
Kleinbaum Szymon 400
Klementynowski Cwi (Zvi) 18, 114, 118-
120, 138
Kliszcz Magdalena 60
Klugman Aleksander 15, 16, 156, 157, 202,
203, 256, 257, 259, 266-276
Klugman Henryk Joachim 156
Klugman Teresa (Tosia) 273
Klugman Zofia z d. Mortenfeld 156
Klutznick Minnie 340
Klutznick Morris 340
Klutznick Philip 340
Kladoczny Piotr 300, 302
Klak Tadeusz 274
Koestler Arthur 305
Kohen Idow zob. Cohen (Kohen) Idow
Kohen Johanan zob. Cohen (Kohen) Joha-
nan
Kol (Kolodny) Mosze 18, 66, 96, 118-120,
129, 130, 140, 141, 203, 220, 223, 226,
227
Kolakowski Leszek 142, 289
Kolodziejska Zuzanna 25
Korczak Rozka 27
500
Kornecki Adam 438, 439, 441
Korman Idel 433, 436, 437, 439-442
Kossewska Elzbieta 71, 75, 90, 206
Kossower Mendel 405
Kostrynski Baruch 129, 130
Kot Jan 188
Kotarbihski Tadeusz 408
Kotowski S. 304, 311
Kowalczyk Andrzej Stanislaw 7, 246
Kowalczykowa Alina 232
Kowalski Artur 230
Kowalski Tomasz 14
Kowner Abba 110
Kramarowski Aleksander 191
Krasucki Eryk 345
Krausz Ernest 271
Kr^piec Mieczyslaw Albert 292
Kropotkin Piotr A. 293
Kr own Leo 41
Kroj A. 125
Kruk Jözef 124
Krupinski Piotr 60, 63
Krysin H. 379
Kryszak Janusz 14
Kubiak Jacek R. 300
Kukulka jözef 318
Kula Marcin 52, 303, 305, 336, 372
Kulesza Witold 298
Kuncewicz Piotr 132
Kunert Andrzej K. 301
Kuperman Juda 119, 128
Kurek Ewa 10, 133
Kurowski Leon 346
Kurowski Stefan 302, 307, 308
Kurylek Anna 338, 348
Kusnier Mordechai 447
Kwiatkowski Leszek 71
Lach Tomasz 367
Lalak Danuta 68
Lam Josef 225, 226
Lam M. 419
Lancman Awraham 442
Landau-Czajka Anna 7, 20, 30, 373
Langnas Salomon Jakub 73, 74, 92, 93, 97,
99, 100, 102, 103, 105-108, 113, 114,
118-120, 123, 126-128, 136-139, 182,
199, 201-203, 209-211, 214, 220, 222,
225, 226, 398, 407, 426
Laqueur Walter Z. 21
Lasota Eugeniusz 142, 289
Lavon Pinchas zob. Lawon Pinchas
Lawon Pinchas 13, 211-215, 228, 427, 459
Lazer Dawid 68, 77, 207, 232, 250
Leben bäum Stefan 58
Lee Stanislaw Jerzy 37
Lecanuet Jean 360
Leder Salomon 126
Lehrer Mosze Maksymilian 201
Leibowicz Szlomo 182
Lemarchand René 161
Lemberg Dow (Jadin Igal) 130, 131
Lenart Agnieszka 14
Lenin Wiodzimierz 293
Leociak Jacek 265
Lernell Leszek 297
Les I. ps., zob. Iserles (Isserles) Ignacy (Iz
rael)
Leser Henryk 110
Leser Shlomo 69
Lesiakowski Krzysztof 21
Leszczyhski A. 147, 152
Lewanon Chaim 117
Lewijoszua 195, 199, 208, 211,219, 220,
222-224
Lewi Leon 412
Lewi Röza 412
Lewin dr 221
Lewin Jecheskiel 105
Lewinska Maria 15
Lichtheim George 329
Ligçza Wojciech 274
Lilienbaum Mosze Lejb 244
Lindner Mosze 32, 224
Lipman 118
Lipnik Wanda 82
Lipski (Lipszyc, Lipschütz) Leo 60, 63, 64,
232, 348
501
Lipski J. 170, 283, 415, 417, 419, 420, 429
Lipski Jan Jözef 234, 335
Lipszyc Adam 37
Lipszyc Michal 275
Lissak Moshe 21, 49, 149, 285
Livne Eliezer 46, 47, 49
Livne Mosze 151, 158
Loew Bezalel 386, 387
Loncin ps., zob. Majler Emmanuel
Löw Ryszard 14, 16, 23, 83, 230, 321, 349
Lowe David 329
Lubetkin Cywia 407
Lubliner Cwi 410
Luski Pesach 73, 199, 201
L^tocha Barbara 92
Lobodowski Jözef 273, 274
Lukasiewicz Malgorzata 82
Machcewicz Pawel 305
Majewski Tomasz 70
Majler Emmanuel 329, 333
Majler Rose Janina (Jeanne) 329, 331-333,
336
Majsels Jehoszua 159
Majski Iwan 344
Makowiecki Andrzej Z. 82
Mamzer Hanna 7
Mandel Bernard 99, 106
Manska (Marianska) Felicja 16, 206, 284,
317-323, 338, 348, 350, 351, 361, 370,
371, 376, 391, 392, 398, 417, 422
Manska Barbara 206, 321
Manski Piotr 206, 321
Marchlewski Julian 318, 319
Marczewski Pawel 305
Margalit Elkana 189, 418
Margolin J. 122
Mark Mojzesz 125
Markiewicz Barbara 243
Markiewicz Henryk 296
Markiewicz Janina 84, 205, 261, 451
Marks Karol 293
Maron Stanley 36, 429, 430
Materski Wojciech 318
Matwinowa Maria 298, 304
Mazur Marian 302
Medding Peter Y. 21, 82
Meir Golda 32, 33, 48, 50, 111, 172, 178,
182, 183, 186
Melchior Malgorzata 7,70
Meier Karol 438
Mendel Bronislaw 104
Mendelssohn Mojzesz 28
Mendès-France Pierre 360
Merhav Peretz 282
Merz Emil 301, 302, 307, 308, 310
Michalik Jan 38
Michalski Jözef 80
Michalson Ehud 109
Michalowski Kazimierz 292
Michowicz Waldemar 318
Mickiewicz Adam 63, 375
Miernik Grzegorz 21
Mikunis Szmuel 397, 415, 423, 427, 432
Milosz Czeslaw 63
Miodunka Wladyslaw 31
Mira Kaspi 442
Mirski Michal 241
Mitterrand François 360
Moczkodan Rafat 14
Modzelewski Zygmunt 318
Molisak Alina 10, 14, 20, 25, 31, 60, 246,
268, 338
Molodowska Kadie 26
Mond Jerzy 239
Moravia Alberto 243, 348
Mozes Jehuda 104
Mroczko Marian 75, 234
Mroczkowski Stanislaw 271-273
Naftali Cahal 93, 104, 107, 109, 112, 115,
406
Nahor Aszer 132, 133
Nalewajko-Kulikov Joanna 373
Neuman Chaskiel 124
Neuman (Najman) Jecheskiel Mosze 111
Nowak Alojzy Z. 22
502
Nowak Zenon 185
Nowakowska Agnieszka 305
Nowakowska Irena 7
Nowakowski Jerzy 301
Nowogrôdzki Henryk 301
Nugent Neill 329
Ofierska Maria 234
Olek Agnieszka 36
Olszan Izaak 212
Olszewski Edward 239
Oren Neli 107
Oren (Orenstein) Mordechaj 281, 282, 410
Orenstein Chaja 282
Orenstein Mosze 282
Orlicki Józef 91
Osçka Piotr 234
Ostrowski Eli 151, 158
Paczkowski Andrzej 305
Pakentreger A leksander 21
Panasiewicz Adam 344, 345
Panecki Tadeusz 328
Paporisz Bernard 156
Paporisz Romuald (Rozen) 156
Paltiel Khayyam Z. 18, 21, 98, 116
Patisz 390
Patt Avinoam ]. 69
Paz Shaul 21, 282-284
Pearce Brian 395
Pearson Sidney A. )r. 372
Pel Edmund 374, 377
Peled Owadia 206, 209
Peres Szymon 212
Péri Yoram 281
Perl Michael 395
Perth Leszek 269
Piasecka Renata 320, 345
Pilarczyk Krzysztof 29
Pitsudski Jözef 135
Pines D. 115
Piotrowska Barbara ps., zob. Mahska (Ma-
rian ska) Felicja
Pisarek Walery 23
Platon 292
Plocker Sewer (Sewek) 348, 349, 385
Podlaski Henryk 307
Pol Wincenty 292
Polit Monika 26
Polonsky Antony 244, 373
Pomian Grazyna 232
Pomian Krzysztof 438
Porat Dina 218
Pragier Ruta 7
Prokopfaniec Eugenia 14, 20, 31, 38
Proust Marcel 37
Prutkowski Józef 157
Przybos Julian 349
Purman Leon 318, 319
Pysiak Jerzy 303
Rabinovich Itamar 21
Raczyhski Kajetan 302
Rafalska Dominika 359
Raiewski Basia 414
Rajski Leon 239, 438, 439, 441, 442
Rapoport 162
Raviv Shabtai 151
Rawska Aleksandra 36
Re em Simon 134
Reiss Anzelm 175
Rekhess Elie 21, 395, 434
Remba Izaak 48, 133, 223
Revel Jean-François 360
Reynolds Jaime 305
Rigby Thomas Henry 164
Rimon Icchak 414, 415
Rinkewicz Avram 444
Rinkewicz Genia 444
Rit ps,, zob. Ritterman-Abir Henryk
Ritterman-Abir Henryk 16, 60, 121, 128,
137, 138, 182, 201, 261
Robinson dr 140
Rodinson Maxime 395
Rogowski Karol 157
Rogowski Marian 154, 157, 179
Rojewski Jan 366, 367
Rokach Israel 43, 112, 404
503
Rokicki Konrad 234
Ron Goren 93, 104, 107, 109, 112, 115,
405
Ronen Shoshana 20, 25, 31
RonigerLuis 151, 163, 164, 173, 175
Rosen Pinchas zob. Rozen (Rosen) Pinchas
Rosenblum Herzl 122, 123, 133, 135, 207,
384
Rosmanski Stanislaw 68, 126
Rosmarin Gabriela 127, 128, 201
Rosmarin Henryk 68, 123-128
Rosnau S. 166, 167
Rosset Felicja 439
Rostal Edward Adam 71, 78, 93, 94, 99,
102-106, 113, 118, 120, 129, 134140,
143, 202, 203, 211, 226, 231, 238-243,
249, 253-255, 257, 259
Rostal Karol 202
Roszkowski Feliks 308
Rozen (Rosen) Pinchas 18, 96, 98, 118,
119, 130, 213, 217, 227
Rozenman Abraham 99, 105, 106
Rozaiiski Rachel 26-29, 32, 35
Rubinow Ilia 308
Ruchniewicz Malgorzata 180
Rudnicki Szymon 20, 26, 65, 96, 107, 182,
217
Rudziriska Jolanta 23
Rufeisen Oswald (o. Daniel) 378
Rusinek Martyna 31, 33
Ruta Magdalena 30
Rutkowski Krzysztof 303
Rzeplinski Andrzej 298
Sadat An war 339
Samet Szymon 134, 135
Sandauer Artur 36, 369
Sandler Samuel 233, 234, 249, 250, 252
Saposs David ). 324, 327
SariusZ Skqpska Izabella 77
Sartre Jean-Paul 260
Sawin R.L. zob. Löw Ryszard
Schatz Jeff 264
Scholem Gershom 37
Schönfeld Fryderyk 124
Schumacher Israel 30
Schwarzbart Ignacy 125, 126
Segev Tom 70, 217,218
Seidel (Zajdel) Hilel 97, 103-106, 109,110,
120, 121, 128, 130, 131, 136, 138-140,
146, 199, 201, 211, 219, 220, 222-224,
226, 227, 242, 254-256, 259
Serlin Józef (Jose0 98, 130
Servan-Schreiber Jean-Jacques 339, 360
Sçczyk Waldemar 234
Sfard Dawid 435, 441
Shaari Jehuda 96, 140
Shalitt J. 32
Shalom Zaki 213
Shapira Avraham 36
Sharot Stephen 162
She’altïel Eli 401-403, 405
Shmeruk Chone 31, 34
Shoer (Szoer) Haim 49
Shore Marci 38, 239, 305, 371, 408, 409
Sigma ps., zob. Iseries (Isserles) Ignacy (Is-
rael)
Sikorski Wladyslaw 344
Silber Marcos 20, 22, 26, 96, 107, 182,217
Simoni Janusz 14
Skladkowski Felicjan Slawoj 125
Slânskÿ Rudolf (wdasc. Rudolf Salzmann)
281
Slucki David 445, 455
Stonimski Antoni 37, 38
Sionimski Chaim Zelig 38
Slowikowski dr 327
Slucka-Kestin Ewa 174, 415, 428
Slucki Arnold 87, 230, 247-249, 259, 260,
275, 276
Smolehski Perec 28
Smolicz Jerzy Jaroslaw 31
Sneh (Kleinbaum) Chana 404, 410
Sneh Efraim 23, 401, 407, 410, 416, 435
Sneh Moshe (Kleinbaum Mojzesz) 34, 98,
105, 124, 281, 282, 314, 395, 400, 402-
411, 415, 416, 431, 432, 434, 435, 442
Snyder Timothy 304
504
Sobor-Swiderska Anna 305, 408, 409
Sofokles 292
Soldenhoff Tomasz 368
Stabro Stanislaw 366
Stalin Jözef 329, 340
Stankowski Albert 21, 73, 87, 91, 145
Stanowska Maria 299, 307
Starewicz Artur 157
Starzyriski Stefan 300
Staszewski Antoni 307
St^pczynski Marian 301, 307
Sepien Slawomir 234
St$pka Stanislaw 181
Stola Dariusz 8, 21, 73, 93, 107, 234, 238,
239, 241, 264
Stryjkowski Julian 305
Strzembosz Adam 299, 307
Studencka Krystyna 159, 166, 254
Suckewer Abraham 248
Susskind Dawid 340
Sutowski Michal 305, 408
Sykes Christopher 405
Syr kin Marie 21
Szaari Juda 18, 227
Szachem 37
Szafrahski Wadaw 239
Szalem Samuel ps., zob. Iserles (Isserles)
Ignacy (Izrael)
Szaret Mosze 151, 160, 172, 198, 199, 203,
223, 226, 227
Szarijuhud 140
Szarota Tomasz 91
Szaynok Bozena 20, 91, 107, 183, 287
Szazar Zalman 41, 162
Szerman Jakub 370
Szewc Piotr 305
Szlang Fabian (Schlang Feiwel) 154, 155,
158
Szlang Teofila (Tauba) 158
Szlang Tobiasz 158
Szleriski Jakub 438, 442
Szlonski Abraham 315, 337
Szober 37
Szoken Gerszon 129-131, 343
Sztrochman Naum 352
Sztycer Menachem 159
Szumski (Stammer, Cichocki Gabriel, Cie-
chocki Ryszard) 447, 449, 454, 455
Szuster Marcin 38, 239
Szwarcman Hanka ps., zob. Cygielman
Wiktor
Szymanski Sebastian 317
Szyster Jo 324
Sl^ski Abraham 348
Swiqtkowski Henryk 297, 299, 306
Swieboda Adam 307
Swieca Fela z d. Suchowczycka 296
Swieca Zygmunt (Zelig) 296, 310
Swiçtochowski Aleksander 250
Swisiocki Samuel 124, 125
Swisiocki Sara 74
Taca Moshe 18, 105
Tal B. 152
Talmon Jakub Lejb 220, 221
Tamir Josef 92, 101, 103, 214
Tarkowski ]acek 161, 162, 164
Tarnowski A. 67
Tatar Stanislaw 302
Tauchner Maksymilian 96, 100
Teitelbaum Raul 23, 436
Temkin J. 419
Tenebaum Joseph 87
Terlecki Tymon 250
Thee Marek 26
Thibaud Paul 338, 339
Thiriet Damien 303
Tiger Eísie 158
Tiger Mojzesz (Mosze) (Boleslaw Kaczma-
rek) 112, 146, 151, 158, 206, 253, 254,
267
Tómala Maciej 26, 28, 38
Tomaszewski Jerzy 20, 91, 293, 409
Tomaszewski Tadeusz 22
Tomkiewicz-Krysztal Mina 205
Toranska Teresa 234, 306, 409
Tori Abraham 226
505
Torigian Michael 305
Toruriczyk Franciszka 235, 429, 431
Tosin Aleksander ps., zob. Klugman Alek-
sander
Trachtenberg Barry 30
Tsalevich Bentzl 444
Tsalevich Itke 444
Turkow Izaak-Ber 158, 159
Turkow Naftali 158
Tuwim Julian 37, 67
Tuwin 283
Tworek Wojciech 36
Tych Feliks 31, 444, 445
Uchmani Azriel 107
Ufberg Ross 367
Urian Dan 7,35
Veidlinger Jeffrey 34
Vromen Suzanne 327
Waglewski Jerzy 159
Wajsblech Beniamin 301
Walewska Stefania (Lena) 413
Walewski Avi (Krzysztof) 23, 413, 414
Walewski Ryszard (Lewi Abram Abele)
412-415
Waluga Grazyna 15, 324
Warikowicz Melchior 51, 52
Wapihski Roman 21, 75
Wasilkowska Zofia 300, 306, 311
Wasilkowski Roman 369
Wasserszturm 441
Wat Aleksander 232, 303, 304, 360
Wawrzyhski Miroslaw 302
Weinberg Robert 369
Weingrod Alex 161, 173
Weinstein Barbara 321, 349
Weinstok Tikwa 132
Weintraub Maurycy zob. Gefen Marek
Weintraub Wiktor 250
Weisel E. 132, 133
Weiss dr 116
Weiss Samuel 70
Weiss Szewach 10, 22
Weissbrod Lilly 35
Weit Erwin 239
Weizmann Chaim Azriel 132, 404
Weksler Genia 341
Weksler Henryk Herman zob. Kislev Ran
Weksler Mosze 341
Weksler Riwka z d. Wajnrach 341
Weksler Roman 341
Weisel Eliezer 132, 133
Wells Herbert George 193
Weiner 77
Werblan Andrzej 438, 439
Wernik Romuald 66, 68
Wertman Mosze 174-176
Wessel Hartwig 28
Wçgrzynek Hanna 13
Wierna Maria 181
Wierzbicka Anna 31
Wierzyhski Kazimierz 274
Wiesenthal Szymon 239
Wijaczka Jacek 21
Wilehski Nachum 133
Willerton John P. 164
Wilner Jakub 438
Wilner Meir (Kowner Ber) 283, 398, 400,
432-434
Winiawski Leon 433, 436, 437, 439-442
Wink W 182
Winn U. ps., zob. Gefen Marek
Wiss Henryk ps., zob. Kislev Ran
Wiszniewicz Joanna 234, 236, 245
Witwicki Wladyslaw 408
Wladyka Wieslaw 23
Wodzinski Marcin 26
Wojciechowski Mieczyslaw 318
Wolf Eric R. 161
Wolf Rubin 125, 237
Wolfowicz (Wulfowicz) Aleksander 441
Wolkosz Witold zob. Herman Jerzy
Wolniak Zygfryd 180, 186
Wolski Jan 64
Wojciechowski Mieczyslaw 318
Wöjcik Maja 70
506
Wöycicka Zofia 305
Wygodzki Stanislaw 64, 229, 230, 232,
233, 246, 247
Wysocka Ewa 68
Wyszegrodzki Kalman 430
Ya ari (Jaari) Meir 19, 314, 315, 365, 386-
391, 410
Zacharasiewicz W. 66
Zahar Zwi 388
Zaj^c Wawek 101
Zakhaim M. 62
Zalewska Gabriela 13
Zangen Benzion (Bencjon) 123, 124
Zaremba Marcin 69, 107, 132, 373, 374
Zausznica Abram 317, 318
Zausznica Adam 23, 318-320, 391
Zausznica Jakub 318
Zausznica Rachela z d. Szkulnik 318
Zausznica Zofia 320
Zausznica Zygmunt (Pinchas Tazini) 318
Zawadowski dr 67
Zawanowska Marzena 37
Zayyad Ziad Ali Khalil Abu 340
Zehetmaier Hans 64, 233
Zeidler-]aniszewska Anna 70
Zelcer S. 355
Zerubawel Jakow 351
Zi§tara Pawel 305
Zimand Roman 142
Zimmerman Joshua D. 445
Ziölkowska-Boehm Aleksandr a 52
Zipper Gerson 127
Zipperstein Steven 22
Zonszajn Mordechaj 104-106
Zabczyk Walter 307
Zabotyriski Zeew 364, 403
Zbikowski Andrzej 293
Zebrowski Rafal 68, 109
Zeromska Monika 81, 84, 367
Zeromski Stefan 38
Zurek Slawomir ]. 14, 15, 17, 157, 203
Zyndul Jolanta 87, 91, 107, 132
V
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
507
i:. m, ../ r fc* ^
M KM iili; MZiife [;f 1
She Still Speaks in Polish,
but Laughs in Hebrew. The Party
Polish-Language Press and Cultural
Integration of Polish Jews in Israel
(1948-1970)
Abstract
The importance of the press was gradually growing in the 19th century, both for post-war
migrations of people, on their way between the world they were leaving behind and the
world they wanted to belong to in their new place. It was a problem of Jews, who had
come to Israel, especially after failed attempts at assimilation in the Diaspora and when
their ties with the Jewish nation in Israel loosened, for they found themselves in a culture
and identity void. The press in the languages of their countries of origin was becoming an
important instrument in the process of their ethnic ‘winning back’. One of the methods
to tie them to the state was a synthesis of Israeli matters with what was brought by them
from the Diaspora that is the language of their country of origin. It was the press calcu-
lated for the period of their language adaptation, of finding their place within the State of
Israel, the citizens of which they had already become on their way to the state, on board
of the ship, and which in its very essence - of its national values - was totally alien to
many of these newcomers.
The purpose of the book is to characterize the Polish-Jewish audiences of the press
and books, organized around the party Polish-language press in Israel. The importance and
role of this press in the process of adaptation of Jews coming from Poland in 1948-1970
was analyzed. At that time, the texts published in the press mirrored the course of the
adaptation process, various states of identity and intercultural tensions, especially when the
new olim were suspended between the heritage of their country of origin and values of the
Jewish state, and only their joining together with the Hebrew-speaking majority would end
their ‘cultural journey’. The line of research adopted for the book allowed me to describe
also stories of Polish Jews in Israel, broadening the perspective with unknown so far frag-
ments of their lives, with special emphasis put on their political and publishing activities.
488
The subject of research
The book is structured into of seven chapters, and all of them - except for the introduc
tory one - are devoted to Polish-language publications of one of the six Israeli P*n es^
The first chapter describes political and ideological problems associated wit t e ro
adening of ethos of the Hebrew language and quantitative increase of titles in the sec-
tor of the foreign-language press. It presents, among other things, the status o pu ica
tions in Yiddish and languages of the countries of origins of Jews and their reception y
various political formations. An important question, so far not addressed in sue etai , is
the presentation of a system of linguistic adaptation in the first years of existence o t e
Israeli state. The chapter also presents a discourse on foreign-language publications, press
policy of the Israeli parties and dynamics of changes in the sector of Polish-language press
between 1948 and 1970.
The next chapters, presented in a chronological order, deal with the Progressive arty
and General Zionists, Mapai (Workers Party of the Land of Israel), Mapam (Unite or ers
Party), Maki (Israeli Communist Party), and the Bund. Each of the chapters describes the
specificity of the process of organizing Jews from Poland around these parties, ut so
the parties instruments and possibilities to draw the newly arrived Jews. T e act t at t e
research was limited to the party press - in the situation when all main tit es were irec
tly associated with Israeli parties, which had all used their own systems o a aptation o
newcomers - seems to be the most proper and effective method of examination ot o
the essence of the foreign-language press, in this case the Polish-language one, an
course of acclimatization of new arrivals. . . _ . . .
Chapter two presents the papers published by the Progressive PartY ( pmia ’
and in cooperation with the General Zionists (Nowiny - News). T e istory o e
published by the Progressive Party and General Zionists in Israe was re ate 0 ,eJi
and fate of the activists who were recruited from the movement o te ene
in Poland - the organization of the Zionist-Democrat Party c u * ^p •
belonging to the movement of General Zionists, in whic were roote parties for
Party and the General Zionists of Israel, triggered a rivalry
the souls and votes of Jews coming from Poland. Attempts unde^ Presto
present itself as the only heir of Chwila (The While), and
titles, very popular before the war:the ^ener^ on ^ the number of readers in
the Progressive Party - Opima {Opinion). As i from the same country, and
Polish was shrinking, and as bonds bttwenJe ^ ^ from the sarne political
in the case of the General Zionists and the P^ g ^ tQ cooperate, also in the
community, began to breach party divisions J party and of chwila by the
field of the press. After the closure of Opima y 8 aper Nowjny.
General Zionists there began a stage of eooperaoon as^ia e of changes in the
The third chapter deals with the press published situatl0n. which
Israeli society, influenced by cyclic Aliyahs, cre^ ^ identity, professional structure and
forced the party to adjust its political mstrumen s ^ demQ p hical]y dynamic society the
expectations of each national group in ^1^1 needs of the readers - to lead them
press policy had to quickly react to rapidly changing needs of the
489
to a right direction from the party s point of view, establish contacts with newly arrived
Jews, which meant the establishment of the own press. For this reason Mapai decided to
take advantage of the weakness of Nowiny belonging to the Progressive Party and found
its own Kurier.
Mapai s Kurier initiated the period rich in the Polish-language publications in Israel,
caused by the large size of the Gomulka Aliyah and its specific character It brought to
Israel politically active, Polonized people, among which some of them consciously rejected
Zionizm, opposing it with another ideological alternative - communism, which was offering
better chance for the assimilation they desired. And what is important, with Gomulka Aliyah
there came to Israel a large group of intellectuals and civil servants, writers, journalists -
professional people with a higher education, which formed service personnel for political
and publishing tasks. In the ranks of the former activists of the Polish United Workers’
Party, who, after arriving in Israel, immediately clung to the governing party, a hope was
entertained for a quick adaptation on the party path, analogically to the advancement in
postwar communist Poland. The opening up of people who came with Gomulka Aliyah to
political activity made it possible for the parties to respond to their needs, to transform
unused political spaces into their electorate; it was made easier by the fact that expecta-
tions of many of newcomers corresponded to interests of the party - both sides wanted
to activate political life.
The Aliyah brought also a large number of elderly people, who experienced the Holocaust
and were both suffering from the feeling of impotence and were unable to take up work
or learn the Hebrew language. This type of immigrants needed taken care of, needed
a suitable cultural offer, but above all needed information, in order not to remain a desert
generation forever .
In the case of new olim from Poland, gathered around the governing party, an impor-
tant issue was to present the phenomena characteristic of the contemporary Israeli society;
clientelism and protectionism. The community of Gomulka Aliyah clung to the dominant
party - Mapai. Among various reasons of such a choice there could have also been, at least
during the first years after their arrival, conformism. There was also an array of behaviors
characteristic of clientelism known from the communist system, which were functioning
well - although in a different form - in Israel. A dense network of economic and political
bonds was created between the governing party and new olim in the period of their settling
in a new place, and former party functionaries tried to subordinate themselves - albeit
in a different way than in Poland - to the governing party in Israel. The situation of Jews
from Poland, who were offered many forms of support by their fellow countrymen, was
much better than that of Jews from other countries - they could strengthen clientelism
or replace it with protectionism. The first type of behaviors could induce the second one,
supplement it or the two could function independently
Chapter four describes the fusion of publishing houses of the two coalition parties:
Mapai and the Progressive Party. A successful linguistic assimilation, with a small inflow
of new immigrants from Poland, made the space of Polish-language publications shrunk,
and made it also mobile - fusions of publishers of Polish-language publications and indi-
viduals with the right to publish with the parties went hand in hand with political coali-
tions, economic compromises or simply cooperation. Due to a limited number of readers,
490
the coalition members in the government of the Progressive Party and Mapai decided to
merge the paper under the title of Nowiny i Kurier. The fusion was another proof for instru-
mental usage of the foreign-language press by Israeli parties and their functioning with
the rhythm of events, including the most important one - elections. Yet another example
was the so-called Lavon Affair which divided the coalition members and caused changes
in the contract for publishing Nowiny-Kurier. The chapter devotes a separate place to the
adaptation of the last large wave of immigrants from Poland who came to Israel after the
events of March 1968.
Chapter five presents the Od Nowa published by Mapam. The journalists of the paper
shared a youth spent in Poland where they were involved in communism and conspira-
tional work, and then their disappointment with it in the Polish People s Republic and
their growing interest in Zionism. The chapter also includes biographies of some Polish
Jews engaged in the international communist movement. Some of them had experiences
with working for Zionist leftist organizations and a special attitude towards the USSR,
tinted with sympathy for it not only because of their leftist political leanings but also the
fact that they survived the Holocaust on the Soviet territory. Surely, the key to construct
a community of Od Nowa was intellectualism combined with activity of people experien-
ced in political and social life, crystallized views and political maturity. The editors of Od
Nowa wanted to create a paper for intellectuals, which would not cut itself off from the
Diaspora, but would include a reflection upon the past and debates on the state. Plenty
of space was occupied by discussions about the problem of identity, which were especially
acute for the readers of Od Nowa, particularly those who in Poland backed communism
and thus assimilation. The transition from the double - Polish and Jewish - identity to
the feeling of community with own - Israeli - nation was a long and complicated process,
dependent on many personal and subjective factors. Even when close to its end, the edi-
tors of Od Nowa stayed away from the orthodox world, clearly rejecting a religious state
and emphasizing its secular character.
The group gathered around Od Nowa was involved into a controversy between the
internationalism of communism and Zionism. It was difficult for them to replace worn
out communism with Zionism which was unable to fill this void: The discovery that the
king is naked does not dress others - as was said in Od Nowad
Chapter six, devoted to communist Maki, presents the position occupied by this party
in the Israeli political scene and its possibilities to gather Polish Jews, as well as tensions
between communists from Poland and their discussion led in the Polish-language Walka
(The Fight).
For Israeli communists the arrival of Gomulka Aliyah to Israel was a rare chance to
strengthen a communist electorate, and for this reason a mobilization of this party in the
fight for people was much stronger than of other parties. The first step was to establish
contacts with new olim - which caused an urgent need to create a newspaper in the Polish
language. Thus, Walka was established. It should be remembered that with a dosing Arab
electorate, the possibility to attract communists from among new olim was a great chance
for Maki. Those communists, despite their disappointments and tough experiences, were
1 Quoted after: A. Ben Asher, (Do Pana N’, Od Nowa, no. 2, p. 1.
491
still faithful to the leftist thought, and were often laboriously and meticulously separating
their disappointed hopes associated with the Polish United Workers Party from the commu-
nist ideology. Maki activists counted that the unadjustedness of new olim and their longing
for Polish culture, despite the risk of their being pushed in Israel to the margin because of
their communist leanings, would in time shift them towards the communist party. What
was important in the case of Polish Jews was the memory of the Holocaust with anti-Nazi
and anti-Fascist movements.2 For those people who survived the war in the territory of
the Soviet Union, the involvement in communism was synonymous with the antithesis of
Nazism. During the first years after the war Moscow was regarded as an alternative way
to realize Jewish political plans. In the face of the recent Holocaust, this way seemed to
be a manifestation of political realism, or at least was securing Jewish interests in other
political centre than the West. The victory of the USSR seemed to guarantee peace in the
future. Anti-Fascist views were shared by numerous Israeli communities, and they were
accentuated by communists who in this way won numerous adherents, especially among
European Jews.
This chapter also shows the difference between Israeli communists and the attitude
of former members of the Polish United Workers Party who came from Poland after 1968
towards the two separated fractions of Jewish Maki and Arab Rakach. A small group
of communists from Poland who came to Israel after 1969, established an Association of
Longtime Activists of the Revolutionary Workers Movement. Maki, during the whole period
of its existence, was marginalized, but before the elections of 1969 was disappearing. The
only motivations for people to associate with it were ideological matters which had not
been wiped out by the events of 1968. The Association, as one of its activists wrote, did
not perform any special political activity, except for a formal registration. Its main activity
was reduced to the publication in 1969 of a bulletin with an identical title to that of the
name of the Association. Its purpose was to gather the newly arrived around Maki and to
keep them for the period of elections to the Histadrut and then to the Knesset.
It was not easy to be a communist, or even a Marxist, in Israel. Zionism included
some religious elements (Zion, Jerusalem, Eretz Yisrael). For a long time it was associa-
ted with the philanthropy of rich (it was in symbiosis with capitalism). Zionism caused
conflicts with Arabs - until the 1950s. Arabs could not join the Israeli Zionist parties. For
this reason Mapam could not be a communist party, but Maki could be both anti-Zionist
and Arab-Jewish. An agitation of communists was often reduced to a boycott of the Jewish
state - contrary to Zionists parties that by their aggressive criticism of the government
and other state institutions mobilized the movement of Jewish emigration in the opposite
direction: from Israel, Yerida. On the other hand, however, communism became for many
Jews a new religion in which they were able to find a minimal humanism (the fight aga-
inst social disadvantage) or an element of Jewish religion (Messianism without God), or
simply an utopia that realized itself in being sent out.
The last, seventh chapter, deals with the Israeli Po Prostu (Simply Speaking). The paper
was financially associated with the Israeli Bund. Its political program was related to liberal
society of those who arrived after 1956 looking for the sense of community in socialism
2 Slowo do olim z Polski , Walka, 1965, no. 10, p. 6.
492
and thus the title Po Prostu. The title referred to the symbol of the Polish newspaper Po
Prostu, being a strong impulse of political changes of the Polish October 1956, in which
participated a part of Jews from Poland. Po Prostu was aimed at those who immediately
after arriving in Israel were ready to go back to Poland.
The character of Israeli Po Prostu was almost entirely symbolic. The paper did not bring
any special political gains to the Bund. The party was anti-establishment and too margina-
lized to attract people. But the editorial staff of Po Prostu provoked for two main reasons:
because of its party patronage (the Bund), but first of all because of its title and for this
reason its resonance in the Israeli political scene was much more serious than its actual value.
The Polish-language press had usually a center-left orientation. Not considering a muta-
tion of Nowiny published by the General Zionists together with the Progressive Party, there
were no titles on the right. Polonized groups, which placed emphasis on the assimilation
in the country of origin, associated usually with leftist parties; from the second half of the
1950s on, there were coming from Poland to Israel groups of liberal views for which, for
example, the rightist Herut could not be an alternative and it did not have a political offer,
apart from the fact that it sought its electorate among Eastern Jews. Another obstacle was
ideology, emphasis put on the role of Hebraization and statism, a critical attitude towards
speaking foreign languages. Another reason for a weakly developed segment of the fore-
ign-language press of Herut was the fact that until 1977 it was the opposition party, and
those parties usually were not rich.
The importance of the Polish-language press
Polish-language mass media in Israel were an instrument of communication of Jews from
Poland in the process of their integration with the Hebrew-speaking part of the society.
A multitude of Polish-language publications should not be regarded as a propagation of
Polish culture or some issues from the history of Polish-Jewish relations. The language of
those publications was Polish, but the content pertained almost exclusively to Israeli mat-
ters. A mission of foreign-language newspapers was to re-direct the attention of new olim
from problems of the Diaspora to internal matters of Israel. For this reason neither remini-
scences of nor relations with the hometown societies were featured in those papers. They
avoided focusing on the culture of the country of origin in order not to create clusters or
groups organized like the so-called landmanshaftn divided into various groups and factions,
culturally and politically different.
Those papers which stayed on the market directed the readers attention to internal
affairs of Israel; they tried to liberate new olim from their problem of the Lot s wife - the
head turned back - a mental return to the Diaspora. Social political conditions, a reception
of the Polish-speaking minority by the Hebrew-speaking part of the society, negation of the
Polish language, associated with anti-Semitism, all those factors made children unwilling
to speak with their parents in Polish. As time went on, with each assimilation success of
newly arrived, the audience of the Hebrew-language press increased. On the other hand,
a political provenance of the foreign-language press meant that when the costs of publi-
shing the paper much exceeded political gains, the parties lost their motivation to finance
it. Thus, the life of Polish-language dailies and papers was depending on political interests
493
and the existence of a group of journalists from Poland for whom the Polish language was
an integral part of their professional usefulness, and also of people less active professio-
nally who were not forced to learn Hebrew very quickly.
Despite the weakness of the Polish-language press in Israel, it could not be replaced
by the Polish press published abroad. Choices made by Polish Jews in Israel depended not
only on whom they felt, but also on the cultural and national direction they were heading
in. Regardless of the state they were going to, they did not want to stay on the peripheries
of the society. In Israel, they did not want to identify themselves with a foreign-language
paper, with low standards, but they did not to want identify themselves with the commu-
nity with no influence on their future, for instance the Polish emigration. Both Gomuika
Aliyaha and March Aliyaha were sufficiently dynamic to quickly adapt to the situation of
the state they had chosen to make their own, to join the audience of the national press -
in Israel - in the Hebrew language.
The year of 1967 brought about breaking off the diplomatic relations between Poland
and Israel, thus ending a political usefulness of the Polish-language press in the field of
Israeli foreign policy. In addition, a political scene in Israel was revamped. Fragmented par-
ties formed blocks, Mapam merged with Ahud HaAvoda, then with Mapai (thus creating
the Labor Party), the communist party got divided, but the rightist parties consolidated:
the General Zionists, Progressive Party and Herut. The Left soon gave up power, and owing
to the support of ethnic groups gaining increasing majority in the society, it was taken up
by the Left. All this undoubtedly had a large impact on the foreign-language press. From
a demographic point of view, it seemed to be useless and politically without importance,
so it was futile for parties to publish it. The attention of political leaders was captured by
a new electorate - a generation of readers born already in Israel.
The reception of the foreign-language press in Israel was very different, depending on
the community. For vatik, it meant yet another element of propaganda, the possibility to
propagate the party messages and ideas, another forum for enunciations and articles of
the party s activists - a tool to address new olim and attract them to the party. For those
journalists who were new olim it meant the possibility to write. For the intellectuals who
were new olim it meant temporary or second employment. For less active and alienated
people - it was a source of basic information or entertainment. According to the Israeli
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, those papers were fulfilling information functions, sending off
signals to foreign embassies and governments. Yiddishists regarded those papers as a chronic
disease of ‘assimilation , an unnecessarily brought in to the Jewish State culture of goys.
Translated by Grazyna Waluga
494
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Spis tresci
Wst^p..................................................................... 7
R o z d z i a 11. Obcoj^zycznosc w Izraelu................................. 25
J^zyk „obcy i swiszcz^cy”............................................ 25
„Reb Ipcha Mistabra” - zupelnie odwrotnie............................ 39
„Polskosc specyficzna”............................................... 65
Ro z d z i a 1II. Prasa Partii Post^powej i Ogölnych Syjonistów...........90
Zjednoczenie Zydów z Polski w Partii Post^powej...................... 92
„Opinia”.............................................................104
„Nowiny”.............................................................120
Alija gomulkowska....................................................139
R o z d z i a 1III. Mapajowski „Kurier”....................................145
„Dziennikarze z Polski chc^ swoj^ gazet$”............................146
Redakcja.............................................................153
Klientelizm..........................................................160
„Pot^zny oddech Nowej Huty”..........................................178
„Chleba i rozrywek”..................................................187
„Nowiny” kontra „Kurier”.............................................194
Ro z d z i a 1IV. „Nowiny i Kurier”........................................199
Zjednoczona redakcja.................................................202
Trudne relacje we wspólnej redakcji..................................207
Afera Lawona i kryzys koalicyjny.....................................211
„Obcy wsród obcych...”. Alija marcowa................................228
5
„Tragikomiczne zagubienie” .........................................231
Syjonisci i postkomunisci wobec emigracji marcowej.................253
Rozdzial V. Mapamowska ,,Od Nowa”.........................................281
Mapam i nowi olim z Polski.........................................281
Ignacy Iserles i Bezdomna Temida....................................291
„Od Nowa” - organ outsiderów........................................316
„Kazdy sympatyk »Od Nowa« zdobywa pi^ciu nowych czytelników”........350
„Nareszcie bez ksi^zniczki Malgorzaty”..............................356
Gdy Hatikwa (nie) znaczy nadzieja...................................371
„Ulice zagubionych plemion”.........................................379
Kryzys..............................................................382
Ro z d z i a 1 VI. „Komunistyczne kwiatki” - MAKI.
„Walka” (1958-1965)................................................ 394
Alija gomuikowska a Maki............................................394
„Szumi^. jodly w Tel Awiwie”............ . ........................400
„Walka”.............................................................415
Kontrolowana adaptacja komunistów...................................425
„Pekin oskarza Moskw^”..............................................431
Marcowy epilog: „Biuletyn Zwi^zku Diugoletnich Dzialaczy Ruchu
Robotniczego”.................................................435
Rozdzial VII. Izraelski epilog ,,Po ProstiT...............................444
Izraelski Bund......................................................444
Redakcja............................................................447
Zakonczenie...............................................................456
Slownik wybranych terminów................................................465
Wykaz skrótów.............................................................467
Bibliografía .............................................................470
Abstract .................................................................488
Indeks osób...............................................................495
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Kossewska, Elżbieta 1972- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1232010790 |
| author_facet | Kossewska, Elżbieta 1972- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Kossewska, Elżbieta 1972- |
| author_variant | e k ek |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043229870 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)951427215 (DE-599)BVBBV043229870 |
| edition | Wydanie 1 |
| era | Geschichte 1948-1970 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1948-1970 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Israel |
| id | DE-604.BV043229870 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:21:05Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788323518822 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-028652473 |
| oclc_num | 951427215 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 507 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Illustrationen 21 cm |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateSearch | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kossewska, Elżbieta 1972- Verfasser (DE-588)1232010790 aut Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Elżbieta Kossewska She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Wydanie 1 Warszawa Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego 2015 507 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Illustrationen 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bibliografie Seite 470-487 Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Geschichte 1948-1970 gnd rswk-swf Presse (DE-588)4047150-0 gnd rswk-swf Polnisch (DE-588)4120314-8 gnd rswk-swf Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 gnd rswk-swf Israel (DE-588)4027808-6 g Presse (DE-588)4047150-0 s Polnisch (DE-588)4120314-8 s Geschichte 1948-1970 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000007&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000008&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kossewska, Elżbieta 1972- Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Presse (DE-588)4047150-0 gnd Polnisch (DE-588)4120314-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4047150-0 (DE-588)4120314-8 (DE-588)4027808-6 |
| title | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| title_alt | She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| title_auth | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| title_exact_search | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| title_full | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Elżbieta Kossewska |
| title_fullStr | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Elżbieta Kossewska |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) Elżbieta Kossewska |
| title_short | Ona jeszcze mówi po polsku, ale śmieje się po hebrajsku |
| title_sort | ona jeszcze mowi po polsku ale smieje sie po hebrajsku partyjna prasa polskojezyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich zydow w izraelu 1948 1970 she still speaks in polish but laughs in hebrew the party polish language press and cultural integration of polish jews in israel 1948 1970 |
| title_sub | partyjna prasa polskojęzyczna i integracja kulturowa polskich Żydów w Izraelu (1948-1970) = She still speaks in Polish, but laughs in Hebrew: the party Polish-language press and cultural integration of Polish Jews in Israel (1948-1970) |
| topic | Presse (DE-588)4047150-0 gnd Polnisch (DE-588)4120314-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Presse Polnisch Israel |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000005&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000007&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=028652473&sequence=000008&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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